WO2019127982A1 - 铜雕珐琅玻璃器及制作方法 - Google Patents

铜雕珐琅玻璃器及制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019127982A1
WO2019127982A1 PCT/CN2018/083138 CN2018083138W WO2019127982A1 WO 2019127982 A1 WO2019127982 A1 WO 2019127982A1 CN 2018083138 W CN2018083138 W CN 2018083138W WO 2019127982 A1 WO2019127982 A1 WO 2019127982A1
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Prior art keywords
copper
pattern
baseline
bronze
tin
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PCT/CN2018/083138
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English (en)
French (fr)
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卓见
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卓见
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/20—Applying plastic materials and superficially modelling the surface of these materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
    • B44C1/222—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching using machine-driven mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
    • B44C1/225—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by engraving
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/26—Inlaying with ornamental structures, e.g. niello work, tarsia work

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of handicrafts, in particular to a glass ware, and to a method for manufacturing a glass ware.
  • Cloisonné is a copper tire enamel which is fired on a copper carcass through crepe, blue and high temperature. Underglaze color, it pursues the fine texture of the meticulous effect, but the cloisonne is limited by the body shape, and the firing process is complicated, the construction period is long, and the cost is high; Tiffany is a tin-tin-inlaid glassware, which is fired. Good enamel glass is cut, edging, and hand-tinned and tinned. It pursues the rough oil painting art effect.
  • the enamel glass is the underglaze color of the enamel and glass powder. It has both enamel and colorful colors.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a copper enamel glass device with simple operation, extraordinar craftsmanship and fine style, and the manufacturing method thereof.
  • the unique method of silk reeling, replacement and engraving replaces the lead-tin decorative line with a unique bronze engraving pattern, which makes the existing glass-lined device ingeniously realize the gorgeous transformation from rough to fine;
  • the combination of bronze carvings greatly reduces the use of copper and the function of lighting. This unique craft is refreshing.
  • the copper enamel glassware of the invention comprises a enamel glass tire, a copper frame, a copper embossing pattern and a copper embossing member, wherein the bismuth glass tire is provided with a lead tin base line, the edge package is provided with a copper frame, and the lead tin baseline
  • the unique copper engraving pattern and the copper engraving member are inlaid thereon, wherein the unique copper engraving pattern is formed by using a special silk reeling, replacement, engraving process; the copper engraving member can be a flat carving, a round carving or a casting.
  • the special twisting wire used in the above-mentioned twisting process is a copper round wire, wherein the main copper base line is welded with lead tin on the lead-tin base line, and a reinforced lead-tin wire is formed, and the auxiliary copper base line is directly welded to the main copper baseline;
  • the auxiliary copper base and the copper frame form an integrated copper crepe pattern.
  • the glass tire is used as the main angle, which is the feminine beauty of the crepe; when the thick copper base is selected, the bronze pattern is used as the copper embossed pattern.
  • the protagonist is presented as the beauty of the engraver; when the bronze sculpture is used at the same time, the bronze sculpture and the bronze sculpture are the protagonists, which are presented as the thick beauty of the sculpture.
  • the above-mentioned unique replacement process is to horizontally mill the main copper baseline and the auxiliary copper baseline in the copper wire pattern by 2/5 to form a flat and integrated copper baseline plane body.
  • the above-mentioned unique engraving process is to engrave details with a knives only on the copper base plane, thereby forming a unique copper engraving pattern.
  • the enamel glass tire is made by the inlay process and the copper frame is welded at the edge;
  • G inlay: welding the prefabricated copper engraving member to the ankle body;
  • polishing mechanical cloth wheel polishing or water grinding charcoal fine polishing
  • the copper enamel glassware integrateds the special boring, replacement and engraving techniques, and replaces the rough lead-tin decorative wire on the existing enamel glass enamel into a fine one.
  • the unique bronze carving pattern realizes the gorgeous transformation from rough to fine, the combination of the glass tire and the unique copper carving pattern, which greatly reduces the use of copper material and has the function of lighting.
  • This unique craft makes The whole thing is refreshing.
  • the whole appliance has both enamel and colorful, jade mellow, bronze masculine and glass.
  • the process is relatively simple and suitable for mass production. It can be widely used in screens, decorative paintings, lamps and jewelry. Boxes, ornaments, sculptures and other decorative utensils, this unique process will have high market potential and economic value.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a process flow for producing a decorative painting according to the example 2 of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the process flow of the unique copper engraving pattern of the copper engraved glassware of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • A1 is the tire side profile
  • A2 is the tire edging front
  • B1 is a schematic diagram of the baseline profile of lead-tin in the tire
  • B2 is the front-view comparison of the lead-tin baseline in the tire
  • C1 is the schematic diagram of the side of the silk
  • C2 is the front view of the silk
  • D1 is the schematic of the displacement side.
  • D2 is a schematic diagram of the replacement front view
  • E is a plan design drawing
  • F is a schematic diagram of the tire making process
  • G is a schematic diagram of the twisting process
  • H is a schematic diagram of the engraving inlay process.
  • Embodiment 1 is shown in FIG. 1 , which is a process flow of the invention when used for making a bronze engraved glass decorative painting, including: a flat design drawing 7, a glass tire 8 , a copper frame 9 , a lead tin baseline 3 , a main copper Baseline 5, secondary copper base 10, bronze pattern 6, copper engraving member 11, copper base plane 12, beryllium wire pattern 13; first, a plan design is shown in Figure 7, as shown in Figure E; Glass tire 8, forming lead-tin base 3, and welding copper frame 9 on the edge of glass-lined tire 8, as shown in Figure F; then welding the main copper baseline 5 on the lead-tin baseline 3, the auxiliary copper base 10 is directly welded to the main copper On the baseline 5, a copper wire pattern 13 is formed, and then the main and auxiliary copper base lines are polished by an angle grinder, and the surface is ground to 2/5 to form a flat integrated copper base plane body 12, and then the uneven pattern is performed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a process flow for generating a unique copper engraving pattern of a copper engraved glassware according to the present invention.
  • a matching self-adhesive copper foil 2 is selected according to the specification of the main copper base line, and the crucible glass 1 is Around the edge and put into the mold, as shown in Figure A1, A2; Process 2, solder lead and tin baseline 3 on the copper foil, as shown in Figure B1, B2; Process 3, the main copper baseline 5 is welded on the lead-tin baseline to form a solid lead The tin wire 4, as shown in Figs. C1 and C2; and the process 4, the main copper base 5 and the auxiliary copper base 10 are replaced, and the engraving process is performed to form a unique copper engraving pattern 6, as shown in Figs. D1 and D2.
  • the invention patent also provides the main points of the manufacturing method of the copper enamel glassware, including the following steps:
  • Design patterns pre-consider the limitations of glass cutting. The edges of different color blocks should be rounded as much as possible. At the same time, considering the stress of the appliance, the design density of the lead-tin baseline of the carcass should be appropriately increased or decreased.
  • the enamel glass tire is made by the inlay process and the copper frame is welded at the edge;
  • the copper round wire suitable for the thickness as the copper baseline and compare the main copper baseline to the baseline of the glass tire lead-tin.
  • the main copper base should be properly welded to the lead-tin reinforcement line on both sides of the baseline.
  • the wire should be as smooth as possible. It is advisable not to protrude the copper baseline.
  • the small pattern part is directly soldered to the main copper baseline with lead tin. Note that the auxiliary wire is immersed in the soldering flux at the time of soldering, using 50% lead-tin solder, the soldering iron stays longer. Make the interface firm;
  • G inlay: welding the prefabricated copper engraving member to the ankle body;
  • the copper-engraved member is welded to the carcass with lead-tin, and the copper-carved member can be flat-carved, embossed, round-shaped or cast;
  • polishing mechanical cloth wheel polishing or water grinding charcoal fine polishing
  • the plane is selected to use a cloth wheel mechanical polishing spherical device to select charcoal fine water polishing and polishing to make it smooth as a mirror;

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种铜雕珐琅玻璃器，包括珐琅玻璃胎，铜边框，铜雕图案，铜雕构件。所述的珐琅玻璃胎上设置有铅锡基线以及铜边框，特有的铜雕图案通过特有的掐丝、置换、雕刻工艺生成在铅锡基线上，并辅以铜雕构件从而形成精细装饰风格的铜雕珐琅玻璃器。

Description

铜雕珐琅玻璃器及制作方法 技术领域
本发明属于工艺品领域，特别涉及一种珐琅玻璃器，还涉及一种珐琅玻璃器的制作方法。
背景技术
随着全球经济的发展，人们生活各方面条件迅速得以改善，文化交流的日益密切，人们对文化产品的需求正在被迅速加强；在现代装饰装潢中，传统装饰品很容易产生视觉疲劳，特别是中高端人群更加追求高品位的文化产品。
近时期，工艺珐琅器越来越被人们青睐，尤其是景泰蓝和蒂凡尼工艺表现尤为突出；景泰蓝是铜胎掐丝珐琅器是在铜胎体上经过掐丝、点蓝、高温烧制的釉下彩，它追求质感细腻的工笔效果，但景泰蓝在体形上受到炉体限制，且烧制工艺复杂、工期长、造价高昂；蒂凡尼是铅锡包镶珐琅玻璃器，经过对烧制好的珐琅玻璃进行切割、包边、手工铅锡焊接而成，它追求粗犷的油画艺术效果，珐琅玻璃是珐琅彩与玻璃粉混合烧制的釉下彩，它既有珐琅瓷多彩的颜色，又如玉般圆润，集瓷器、玉器、玻璃之美于一体的特性；蒂凡尼工艺相对于景泰蓝工艺来说更易操作，但是细小图案受到玻璃切割工艺的限制无法呈现，再有铅锡焊笔触较为粗犷，对于追求唯美精细的消费群体是一种硬伤；那么如果能找到一种两者优势结合的新工艺，制作出适合现代精细风格的珐琅玻璃器，那将是珐琅器领域的一场革新。
发明内容
为了克服现有珐琅器的局限性，进而增加中高端精细风格装饰品的种类，本发明的目的在于提供一种操作简单、工艺考究、风格精细的铜雕珐琅玻璃器及制作方法，本发明通过特有的掐丝、置换、雕刻技法，将铅锡装饰线置换为特有的铜雕图案，使现有珐琅玻璃器巧妙的实现了由粗犷向精细的华丽变身；再有珐琅玻璃胎与特有的铜雕图案组合，极大的减少了铜料的使用且兼具了照明的功能，这种独特的工艺让人耳目一新。
本发明铜雕珐琅玻璃器，包括珐琅玻璃胎，铜边框，铜雕图案，铜雕构件，其特征在于：所述的珐琅玻璃胎设置有铅锡基线，边缘包镶有铜边框，铅锡基线上镶嵌有特有的铜雕图案以及铜雕构件，其中特有的铜雕图案是采用特有掐丝、 置换、雕刻工艺生成；所述铜雕构件可为平雕、圆雕或铸件。
上述的特有掐丝工艺采用的掐丝线为铜圆线，其中主铜基线用铅锡焊接在铅锡基线上，并形成了加固铅锡线，辅铜基线直接焊接到主铜基线上；主、辅铜基线与铜边框形成了一体的铜掐丝图案，当选择较细的铜基线时珐琅玻璃胎做为主角，呈现为掐丝器阴柔之美；当选择较粗的铜基线时铜雕图案作为主角，呈现为雕刻器遒劲之美；当同时搭配铜雕构件时铜雕图案、铜雕构件作为主角，呈现为雕塑器厚重之美。
上述的特有置换工艺是将铜掐丝图案中的主铜基线、辅铜基线用角磨机水平磨去2/5，使之形成平整一体的铜基线平面体。
上述的特有雕刻工艺是仅仅在铜基线平面体上，用刻刀雕刻细节，从而形成特有铜雕图案。
上述的铜雕珐琅玻璃器，其特征还包括如下制作步骤：
A、设计：设计平面图；
B、制胎：用包镶工艺制作出珐琅玻璃胎并在边缘焊接铜边框；
C、描图：在珐琅玻璃胎表面描出图案细节部分；
D、掐丝：在珐琅玻璃胎上焊接主铜基线、辅铜基线；
E、置换：用角磨机打磨铜基线表面，使之形成平整一体的铜基线平面体；
F、雕刻：用刻刀刻画细节并去除铜基线平面体边缘多余铅锡铜料，形成更加细腻的特有铜雕图案；
G、镶嵌：将预制好的铜雕构件焊接在珐琅胎体上；
H、抛光：机械布轮抛光或水磨木炭精细抛光；
I、上色：铜雕图案、铜雕构件、铅锡基线化学变黑处理，表面拉出金属光泽，进一步的做好防氧化处理。
本发明所提供的铜雕珐琅玻璃器相对于现有技术而言，融入了特有的掐丝、置换、雕刻技法，将现有的包镶珐琅玻璃器上粗犷的铅锡装饰线置换成为精细的特有铜雕图案，实现了由粗犷向精细的华丽变身，珐琅玻璃胎与特有的铜雕图案组合，极大的减少了铜料的使用并兼具了照明的功能，这种独特的工艺让人耳目一新，整个器具既有珐琅瓷的多彩，又有玉器的圆润，铜器的阳刚，玻璃的灵透；本工艺操作相对简单更适合批量生产，可广泛应用于屏风、装饰画、灯具、首饰 盒、摆件、雕塑等装饰用具，这种独特工艺将具有很高的市场潜力与经济价值。
附图说明
图1本发明实例2铜雕珐琅玻璃器当用于制作装饰画的工艺流程示意图；
图2本发明实例1铜雕珐琅玻璃器的特有铜雕图案生成的工艺流程示意图。
其中：1.珐琅玻璃，2.不干胶铜箔，3.铅锡基线，4.加固铅锡线，5.主铜基线，6.铜雕图案，7.平面设计图，8.珐琅玻璃胎，9.铜边框，10.辅铜基线，11.铜雕构件，12.铜基线平面体，13.铜掐丝图案；A1为制胎包边侧剖面示意图，A2为制胎包边正面对照示意图，B1为制胎设置铅锡基线侧剖面示意图，B2为制胎设置铅锡基线正面对照示意图，C1为掐丝侧剖面示意图，C2为掐丝正面对照示意图，D1为置换侧剖面示意图，D2为置换正面对照示意图，E为平面设计图，F为制胎工艺示意图，G为掐丝工艺示意图，H为雕刻镶嵌工艺示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明方案，结合附图和具体实施方案对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施示例1如图1示，为本发明当用于制作铜雕珐琅玻璃装饰画时的工艺流程，所述包括：平面设计图7，玻璃胎8，铜边框9，铅锡基线3，主铜基线5，辅铜基线10，铜雕图案6，铜雕构件11，铜基线平面体12，铜掐丝图案13；首先制作平面设计图7，如图E所示；然后包镶工艺制作出珐琅玻璃胎8，形成铅锡基线3，并在珐琅玻璃胎8边缘焊接铜边框9，如图F所示；接着在铅锡基线3上焊接主铜基线5，辅铜基线10直接焊接到主铜基线5上，形成铜掐丝图案13，随后用角磨机打磨主、辅铜基线，表面磨去2/5，使之形成平整一体的铜基线平面体12，再接着对图案不平整处进行修正，用刻刀进一步的去除铜基线平面体12边缘多余铅锡铜料，形成更加细腻的铜雕图案6，如图G所示；再接着将预制好的铜雕构件11，焊接在装饰画的胎体上，如图H所示；最后进行整体的抛光、上色处理，即可完成一件精美考究的铜雕珐琅玻璃装饰画。
实施示例2如图2示为本发明铜雕珐琅玻璃器之特有铜雕图案生成的工艺流程，流程1，根据使用主铜基线的规格选用匹配的不干胶铜箔2，将珐琅玻璃1，四周包边并放入模具，如图A1、A2；流程2，在铜箔上焊接铅锡基线3，如图B1、B2；流程3，在铅锡基线上焊接主铜基线5，形成加固铅锡线4，如图C1、 C2；流程4，对主铜基线5、辅铜基线10进行置换、雕刻工艺的处理形成特有的铜雕图案6，如图D1、D2。
本发明专利还提供了铜雕珐琅玻璃器的制作方法要点，包括以下步骤内容：
A、设计：设计平面图；
要点：设计图案预先考量玻璃切割的局限性，不同色块边线尽量圆润，同时考虑器具的受力情况，适当增加或减少胎体铅锡基线的设计密度；
B、制胎：用包镶工艺制作出珐琅玻璃胎并在边缘焊接铜边框；
要点：选择对应色彩的珐琅玻璃进行切割，当产品为球面形体时，根据弧度大小将切割后的珐琅玻璃进行烤弯处理，然后用铜箔包边模具内焊接成型，形成铅锡基线；
C、描图：在珐琅玻璃胎表面描出图案细节部分；
要点：用尽量细的油性笔对细致刻画部分，对照平面图在玻璃胎表面描出图案边线；
D、掐丝：在珐琅玻璃胎上焊接主铜基线、辅铜基线；
要点：选用适合粗细的铜圆线作为铜基线，对照图案将主铜基线捋好并焊接到玻璃胎铅锡基线上，主铜基线两边适度焊满铅锡加固线，焊线要尽量光滑，以不凸出铜基线为宜，细小图案部分采用辅铜基线用铅锡直接焊接到主铜基线上，注意焊接时辅掐丝线两头浸入助焊液，使用50％铅锡焊料，烙铁停留久一些，使接口牢固；
E、置换：用角磨机打磨铜基线表面，使之形成平整一体的铜基线平面体；
要点：依次用细沙轮、砂纸轮按照同一方向打磨铜基线，磨去2/5左右，使之平整，过程中修复脱落焊点，注意铜粉的回收；然后沿着同一方向依次用粗细不同目数的水砂纸研磨，形成表面平整一体的铜基线平面体；
F、雕刻：用刻刀刻画细节、去除边缘多余铅锡铜料，形成更加细腻的特有铜雕图案；
要点：对不平整处进行修正，用刻刀进一步的去除铜装饰图案边缘多余铅锡铜料，对照图纸对更细致图案部分进行刻画；
G、镶嵌：将预制好的铜雕构件焊接在珐琅胎体上；
要点：用铅锡将铜雕构件焊接在胎体上，铜雕构件可为平雕、浮雕、圆雕或铸件；
H、抛光：机械布轮抛光或水磨木炭精细抛光；
要点：平面器选择用布轮机械抛光球面器选择木炭精细水磨抛光，使之光滑如镜；
I、上色：铜雕图案、铜雕构件、铅锡基线化学变黑处理，表面拉出金属光泽，进一步的做好防氧化处理；
要点：将成品清洗后，先用铜染黑再用锡染黑对金属部分做化学防氧化发黑处理，在水玻璃稀释溶液中浸泡10分钟，晾干后拉出铜雕图案、铜雕构件表面的金属光泽，使之更具有装饰性，最后根据需要做金属表面的长期防护处理，可选用擦防护油、烤漆、电镀等。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明，对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的铜雕珐琅玻璃工艺，在其它装饰品实施例中也可以实现，因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种铜雕珐琅玻璃器，包括珐琅玻璃胎，铜边框，铜雕图案，铜雕构件，其特征在于：所述的珐琅玻璃胎上设置有铅锡基线以及铜边框，特有的铜雕图案通过特有的掐丝、置换、雕刻工艺生成在铅锡基线上，并辅以铜雕构件从而形成精细装饰风格的铜雕珐琅玻璃器，铜雕构件可为平雕、浮雕、圆雕或铸件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的铜雕珐琅玻璃器，其特征在于，所述的特有掐丝工艺采用的掐丝线为铜圆线，其中主铜基线用铅锡焊接在铅锡基线上，并形成了加固铅锡线，辅铜基线直接焊接到主铜基线上，主、辅铜基线与铜边框形成了一体的铜掐丝图案；当选择较细的铜基线时珐琅玻璃胎做为主角，呈现为掐丝器阴柔之美；当选择较粗的铜基线时铜雕图案作为主角，呈现为雕刻器遒劲之美；当同时搭配铜雕构件时铜雕图案、铜雕构件作为主角，呈现为雕塑器厚重之美。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的铜雕珐琅玻璃器，其特征在于，所述的特有置换工艺是将铜掐丝图案中的主铜基线、辅铜基线用角磨机水平磨去2/5，使之形成平整一体的铜基线平面体，其本质是器具由粗犷的铅锡图案线变身为平滑的铜质图案线的过程。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的铜雕珐琅玻璃器，其特征在于，所述的特有雕刻工艺是仅仅在铜基线平面体上，用刻刀雕刻细节从而形成特有铜雕图案，最大限度减少了铜雕图案中铜料的使用。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的铜雕珐琅玻璃器，其特征还包括如下制作步骤：
    A、设计：设计平面图；
    B、制胎：用包镶工艺制作出珐琅玻璃胎并在边缘焊接铜边框；
    C、描图：在珐琅玻璃胎表面描出图案细节部分；
    D、掐丝：在珐琅玻璃胎上焊接主铜基线辅铜基线；
    E、置换：用角磨机打磨铜基线表面，使之形成平整一体的铜基线平面体；
    F、雕刻：用刻刀刻画细节并去除铜基线平面体边缘多余铅锡铜料，形成更加细腻的特有铜雕图案；
    G、镶嵌：将预制好的铜雕构件焊接在珐琅胎体上；
    H、抛光：机械布轮抛光或水磨木炭精细抛光；
    I、上色：铜雕图案、铜雕构件、铅锡基线化学变黑处理，表面拉出金属光泽，进一步的做好防氧化处理。
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