WO2019121839A1 - Procédé servant à l'affaiblissement de composant - Google Patents

Procédé servant à l'affaiblissement de composant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019121839A1
WO2019121839A1 PCT/EP2018/085722 EP2018085722W WO2019121839A1 WO 2019121839 A1 WO2019121839 A1 WO 2019121839A1 EP 2018085722 W EP2018085722 W EP 2018085722W WO 2019121839 A1 WO2019121839 A1 WO 2019121839A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
joining
sector
mpa
cover layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/085722
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Junklewitz
Franz Ferdinand MENNE
Original Assignee
Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH filed Critical Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH
Publication of WO2019121839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019121839A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for component weakening in at least one surface sector of a component for preparing a joining method, a joining method for at least a first and a second component in a stack-like arrangement, during which the first component has been weakened before joining, and a joint connection between a first and a second component in a stack-shaped arrangement, wherein the joint connection has been produced by a weakened surface sector of the cover layer.
  • punch riveting represents a suitable joining method or joining method for such components.
  • material strength of the joining partners a distinction is made between different rivet geometries.
  • the above object is achieved by a method of component weakening in at least one surface sector of a component for preparing a joining method according to independent claim 1, by a connecting method for at least a first and a second component in a stacked arrangement using the above method of component weakening according to the independent claim 7, by a further connection method according to independent claim 12 and by a joint connection of at least a first and a second component in a stack-shaped arrangement according to independent claim 17.
  • the inventive method for component weakening in at least one area sector F of a component for preparing a joining method, wherein the component in the at least one area sector F has a component thickness comprises the following steps: material-removing weakening of the component in the at least one area sector F, so that
  • Component material in the at least one surface sector F has a lower resistance to mechanical deformation than outside the surface sector F, wherein the surface sector has a size in the range of 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 400 mm 2 , preferably 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 300 mm 2 and more preferably 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 200 mm 2 , has.
  • a stack of several components has a cover layer. This cover layer is often made of a high-strength or higher-strength steel.
  • the material of the cover layer is weakened according to the present invention in a surface sector of a subsequent joint connection.
  • the present invention provides for weakening only at least one component below the cover layer in a subsequent joining zone, that is to say the surface sector F. It is likewise preferred to produce a joint connection between a plurality of components each weakened in a surface sector.
  • the joining element for example a punched rivet
  • a rivet of lesser stability is sufficient to penetrate or deform the cover layer for producing a joint connection or the connection in the Create component stack.
  • the weakening of the component (s) in the area sector results in reducing the mechanical properties of the component in that area sector, especially the resistance of the component material to mechanical deformation.
  • the area sector has a different size.
  • this surface sector should not exceed a range of 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 400 mm 2 , since otherwise the weakening of the component material could lead to an overall weakening of the component outside the surface sector.
  • the thickness of the cover layer is purposefully reduced in the area sector in which the joint connection is to be produced later.
  • Different methods for material processing are available for such thickness or strength reduction. These methods include mechanical and / or chemical methods that remove material from the surface of the cover sheet in the surface sector. For example, it is preferable to reduce the area of the area by grinding, for example only. However, a removal of material also takes place by chemical means or by targeted energy input in this surface area, as explained in more detail below.
  • the material removal according to the present invention by supplying energy by a laser, by erosion, by a mechanical removal of material, such as grinding, cutting, drilling and / or slitting of the component material, by acting by means of Plasma and / or by chemical material contract, preferably etching or dissolving, reali Siert.
  • the preferred removal of material by means of a laser is known, for example, from the method of laser cutting. Also, there is a common application of erosion for the manufacture position of, for example, tool blades or tool parts with a complex geometry.
  • the weakening of the component takes place in the mentioned area sector also if only partial areas of this area sector are reduced in their material thickness, for example.
  • a weakened area sector prepared by mechanical material removal, while further processing by an erosion process, an etching process or removal by means of laser energy.
  • a further mechanical weakening or a supplementary weakening then preferably occurs with one of the other methods already mentioned.
  • a component thickness is reduced in the at least one surface sector area and / or in partial areas of the clergynsek- sector. This has already been linked above with the different ones
  • a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention reduces the component thickness in partial regions of the surface sector by at least one bore, a recess, an incision and / or by a geometric arrangement of a plurality of these in the direction of the component thickness, as has also already been mentioned above , It is furthermore preferred to provide profiles, depressions of irregular or regular course direction or cutouts. These weaken the component in the area sector F. In addition, let It preferably arranges in a variety of patterns, in regular or irregular repetitions in the area sector F.
  • the method of component weakening is also preferable to carry out the method of component weakening as a separate preparation method, as a sub-method in a component production or as a sub-method of a connection method of at least two components.
  • the above method for component attenuation it is preferable to integrate the above method for component attenuation.
  • Manufacturing process to provide processing steps that mechanically, chemically, by energy input or otherwise weaken future joints and the surrounding WING sectors.
  • Preferably weakening material patterns are then incorporated, etched or incorporated by energy input by means of laser or plasma in the surface sectors of the later connecting parts or adjacent to the later connecting points, so that the component material in this surface sector is weakened.
  • This automatically has the consequence that the later joint is generated in a component region of a weakened cover layer and / or at least one further component. This opens up the variability of also using rivet geometries of lesser stability which would not be applicable outside of this weakened area sector for making a connection through this top layer and components.
  • the present invention also discloses a bonding method for at least a first and a second component in a stacked arrangement in which the first component forms a cover layer in the stacked arrangement and consists of metal, a metal composite, a composite or a fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the bonding method has the following
  • punched rivets blind rivets, nails, screws, bolts, welding auxiliary joining elements or similar connecting elements are preferably used. These connecting elements will become set in the surface sector, which has previously been weakened by the method of component weakening described above in its deformation stability.
  • the first component of the component stack consists of a metal having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa, preferably of more than 800 MPa.
  • the joining elements or the joining element used to connect the component stack have a material with a tensile strength of at most 2000 MPa, preferably less than 1830 MPa and more preferably approximately 1500 MPa.
  • the material weakening in the surface sector F leads to the fact that joining elements with even lower tensile strength or, generally speaking, even less stability can be used. It is also preferable to connect the component stack of at least two components by means of an unfastened joining element.
  • the material of the joining element has a tensile strength of 1555 MPa or a maximum tensile strength of 1320 MPa.
  • the tensile strength of this material is at a value of about 500 MPa.
  • tensile strength of the rivet material during the deformation of the rivet material relative to the rivet increases in a manner typical for the method.
  • only the cover layer in the stack-shaped arrangement is weakened, or the at least one second component is weakened successively, and after stacking, the cover layer arranged above it is weakened.
  • first the cover layer and then the at least one second component after this cover layer are weakened by or over the cover layer in the stack-shaped arrangement.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the connection method provides that first the at least one second component is weakened in a surface sector and then the cover layer is arranged unattenuated over this second component. Subsequently, then connecting the construction part stack instead.
  • connection method generally provide for weakening in order to support a connection of a stack of components in the cover layer, but also in at least one component arranged below the cover layer. Accordingly, then the preparation of a compound facilitates in the stack of components that either the top layer has a weakened area sector, or the top layer and a subsequent component has a surface sector weakened material or the top layer has no weakened surface sector, but only in the at least one subsequent component material weakening is provided in a selected area sector. Accordingly, here arises a certain variability in the production of the compound, since the area sector with
  • Component weakening can be made specifically in at least one selected component.
  • the present invention also comprises a joining method for at least a first and a second component in a stacked arrangement in which the first component forms a cover layer in the stacked arrangement and consists of metal, a metal composite, a composite or a fiber-reinforced plastic, which comprising the following steps: arranging the first component and the at least one second component stack-wise one above the other, wherein at least the first and / or the second component at least one area sector F a size in the range of 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 400 mm 2 , preferably 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 300 mm 2 or 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 200 mm 2 , in which a material of the first component comprises a lower resistance to mechanical deformation than outside of the surface sector F, and connecting the stacked arrangement arranged overlapping components in the weakened area sector F by means of a joint consisting of at least one stamp with or without the use of an auxiliary joining part.
  • connection method provides that a connection between these meh er components can be made easier in different ways.
  • the simplified production of the connection is achieved in that at least one of the components in the stack-shaped arrangement has a surface sector with a material weakening.
  • This area sector with a reduced component thickness in the joining direction may be provided in the cover layer or in the at least one subsequent component or else only in the at least one component following the cover layer.
  • a certain variability in the design of the connection method is envisaged, since one component or several components from the stack-shaped arrangement can be specifically equipped with a surface sector made of weakened material.
  • the weakened area sector has a specific size and / or shape.
  • the size of the surface sector is preferably included ⁇ 400 mm 2 , preferably ⁇ 300 mm 2 or more preferably ⁇ 200 mm 2 . Furthermore, it is preferred that the weakened area sector has a round, elliptical, angular, irregular, regular, annular, patterned or profiled structure or shape.
  • the at least one second component has at least one surface sector F of a size in the range of 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 400 mm 2 , which is arranged below the surface sector F of the first component in a joining direction , Furthermore, it is preferable to connect the components in the stacked arrangement by means of a punch rivet, blind rivet, nail,
  • the first member is made of a metal having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa, preferably more than 800 MPa.
  • the abovementioned strength values preferably relate to the first component of the component stack, that is to say the cover layer of the stacked components arranged one above the other. Due to this high tensile strength of the component material, material weakening in the surface sector F is produced. This makes it possible for connecting elements to also have lower tensile strength for
  • connection in the stacked arrangement can be used.
  • the joining element consists of a material having a tensile strength of not more than 2000 MPa, preferably less than 1830 MPa, more preferably not more than 1555 MPa and even more preferably not more than 1320 MPa.
  • the tensile strength of the used connecting element or joining part can be reduced.
  • joining elements can be used which have a lower tensile strength than the frequently used 2000 MPa.
  • the variety of designs of the present connection method with variably deployable component weakening also provides the preferred option for producing a reliable connection with the aid of a joining element made of unsaged steel.
  • Such a joining element preferably has a tensile strength of not more than 500 MPa.
  • the present invention also includes a joint of at least a first and a second component in a stack-shaped arrangement, in which the first component forms a cover layer in the stack-shaped arrangement, made of metal, a metal composite, a composite or a fiber-reinforced plastic and the at least one first and / or the at least one second component has / each have at least one weakened surface sector in which the at least one first and the second component are connected to each other.
  • a Derar term joint connection is preferably made by means of punch rivet, blind rivet, nail, Sch resolutionellosglageteil or screw or by clinching.
  • the connection method supports a component weakening in all or a selection of the components of the component stack a simplified connection. As a result, a connection of corresponding structure is then achieved.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a joining tool in combination with a
  • FIG. 2 shows a further preferred embodiment of a joining tool in combination with a laser
  • FIG. 3 shows a further preferred embodiment of a joining tool with C-frame and a laser
  • FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a separate laser source for component weakening
  • FIG. 5 shows a further preferred embodiment of a joining tool with a punch and a laser source
  • FIG. 6 shows a further preferred embodiment of a component weakening system with a laser source
  • 7 is a side sectional view of a preferred Stanzni etgeometrie above ei Nes component stack with a cover layer having a B auteil weakening in a WING chen sector
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of preferred embodiments of a pattern to the component
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method of component weakening
  • FIG. 11 shows a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a connection method.
  • FIGS. 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 a plurality of a plurality of superimposed components D, B is shown.
  • the stacked components D, B comprise a cover layer D, which forms a joining tool 10 facing upper component of the component stack. Accordingly, during a joining process for joining the stacked components D, B, a joining element 30 first penetrates into the top layer D, in order then to establish a connection to the following component B. While only one component B is shown in the joining direction after the top layer D, several components can be arranged in the stack-shaped arrangement of cover layer D and component B.
  • a joining tool 10 is generally used.
  • the joining tool 10 adds or sets joining elements 30 in the stacked arranged components D, B.
  • the group of applicable joining elements 30 includes all common joining elements, such as preferably punch rivets, blind rivets, nails, bolts, screws, wire sections (see DE 10 2016 122 789 Al), welding auxiliary joining parts and the like.
  • a Halbhohlstanzniet 32 is indicated schematically in Figure 7 and exemplary of the joining elements 30. It comprises a rivet head and a rivet shank with a blade assembly 34 facing away from the head.
  • the said joining elements 30 are set with the joining tool 10.
  • joining tools 10 of the punch rivet 32 is fed under a punch 14 in the setting head 12.
  • the punch 14 moves in the direction of joining R F in the direction of cover layer D and presses the Fügeei ement 30 in the stacked arranged components D, B. It is also preferred that the punch 14 of the joining tool 10 produces a joint without joining element 30, preferably a clinch - Connection.
  • the joining element 30 is set or the stamp 14 creates a connection by means of clinching.
  • the area sector F of the cover layer D preferably comprises a size of 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 400 mm 2 , in particular a size of 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 300 mm 2 and more preferably of 0 ⁇ F ⁇ 200 mm 2 .
  • the cover layer D is purposefully weakened in the at least one surface sector F. This means that the cover layer D in the region of the surface sector F is machined in order to reduce a resistance of the material of the cover layer in the region of the surface sector F against deformation during a connection process. Accordingly, in the surface sector F, a thickness of the cover layer D in the joining direction RF is reduced. It is also preferred to reduce a stability of the cover layer D in the surface sector F by means of cuts, recesses, bores, embossings and / or profilings, so that the joining element 30 or the stamp 14 can penetrate more easily.
  • the weakening of the material in the surface sector F takes place with a material-removing method. Accordingly, in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 5, the joining tool 10 is combined with a laser 80.
  • the laser 80 preferably radiates controlled into the area sector F, so that in
  • the laser 80 is preferably representative of other energy sources andclasssvor devices that are applicable to the weakening in the area sector also by a separately arranged laser 80 upstream for later Kunststoffsverfall- ren.
  • the energy of the laser light in the surface sector F preferably carries surface material of the cover layer D, so that the thickness of the cover layer D in this region decreases in the joining direction RF. It is also preferable that by means of the laser 80, areas in the area sector F are selectively cut out, as shown in FIGS. 7, 8a-c and 9. FIG. 7 and FIG.
  • FIG 8 a show a preferred weakening in the surface sector F, in which a depth profile 40 has been cut out in the cover layer D.
  • This depth profile 40 is modeled on a material displacement region of the joining element 30, here the punch rivet 32.
  • the targeted weakening of the cover layer D or of the component B takes place in that actually material to be displaced by the joining element 32 is already removed during the joining process prior to joining.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the component weakening provides for creating incisions 42 and / or recesses 44 and / or above depth profiles 40 in the area sector F. These penetrate the cover layer D or a component B partially or completely in the joining direction RF, as can be seen in FIGS. 8b, 8c. Further preferably, these cuts 42 and / or the punctures 44 and / or depth profiles 40 are generated in a plurality in a regular or irregular arrangement in the area sector F (see Figure 9). It is also preferred to provide the above-mentioned regular or irregular arrangement by drilling in the surface sector F. These holes then have according to the above description, a predefined depth in the cover layer in the joining direction RF or they penetrate the top layer D completely.
  • the number, size and type of the arrangement of the recesses 44 and / or notches 42 and / or bores and / or depth profiles 40 is preferably determined by the material properties of the cover layer D and / or the component B and the joining element 30.
  • the cover layer D and at least one component B are stacked on top of each other.
  • a weakened area sector F is provided in the cover layer D and / or in the component B. Since the cover layer D and / or the component B in each case in the weakened surface vector F is less stable compared to the material surrounding the surface sector F, the production is a connection by setting the joining element in the at least one weakened WING area F easier.
  • the material weakening is achieved in the component B or the cover layer D by means of various known methods.
  • these include erosion, mechanical removal of material, material transfer by the action of a plasma and / or chemical removal of material.
  • the mechanical material removal comprises the grinding, cutting, cutting, drilling, slitting of the cover layer D in the surface sector F in order to achieve the weakenings 40, 42, 44 to the desired material depth.
  • the chemical removal of material takes place by means of etching or targeted dissolution of material.
  • Such methods are known for example from electrical engineering for the manufacture of printed circuit boards.
  • the joining element 30 can penetrate or deform or penetrate the cover layer D and / or the at least one component B in the surface sector F with less effort.
  • high-strength, high-strength and ultra-hard materials with it.
  • These include metallic materials with a tensile strength of> 600 MPa, in particular> 800 MPa.
  • the dual-phase steels such as HCT600X, HCT780X and HCT980X to call.
  • W armumformstähle, such as 22MnB5 be mentioned with a tensile strength of preferably about 1600 MPa.
  • Higher-strength versions of metals are also currently being developed. They are referred to as Ultra High Strength Steel and achieve tensile strength of about 2000 MPa.
  • the tensile strength of component materials to be used in the construction is not limited to the top.
  • a special joining element 30 In order to have more flexibility in the use of the joining elements 30, so that not for each material of the top layer D and the component B or each area of tensile strength of the material of the deck layer D and the component B, a special joining element 30 must be provided, the method Component weakening (see above) used.
  • a bonding process is a position and a size of a surface sector F on the cover layer D and / or on the Component B identifiable in which the connection is to be made. Accordingly, in preparation for the bonding process, the material in this area sector F may be weakened to assist and facilitate the subsequent bonding process.
  • This group includes plastics with glass fiber reinforcement, carbon fiber reinforcement or generally with Faserverstär kung, for which there is currently no universal joining process on the market. This is mainly due to the fact that it comes during known joining processes to a delamination of individual La conditions in the matrix of the plastic material. By a local Di ckenreduzi erring the plastic component, the risk of delamination is preferably reduced. It is therefore preferred in accordance with the invention to apply the weakening methods described above for, inter alia, metal materials in the same way for components made of plastic.
  • the produced compound preferably comprises at least one cover layer D of a metal having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa and preferably of more than 800 MPa.
  • metals include, but are not limited to, the aforementioned materials, which are merely exemplary but non-limiting choices.
  • joining elements 30 which have a lower tensile strength than joining elements 30 for non-weakened components can furthermore be used with the aid of the material weakening discussed above. It follows that even in components of higher strengths with joining elements 30 clotting gerer stability or application width in average metal compounds verlässli surface connection can be produced.
  • Such joining elements preferably have a maximum tensile strength of 2,000 MPa and preferably of 1830 MPa.
  • connections are made with a joining element made of a material having a tensile strength of ⁇ 500 MPa. These are preferably joining elements made of unsweetened wire material (steel) or aluminum.
  • a top layer D is provided in step S1. It is also preferred to provide a stacked arrangement of components in which the cover layer D forms the uppermost component.
  • the material-removing component weakening preferably takes place flat in the surface sector F (see step S3) or in selected subregions, as illustrated in FIG. 9 (see step S4) ). It is also preferred that a component weakening takes place through the cover layer D or over the cover layer D in the underlying component B.
  • the method for component weakening can be carried out as a separate method for component machining. In the same way, it is also conceivable to integrate the method for component weakening in a method for the production of components. Finally, it is also worth mentioning that the method of weakening the component can be used as an intermediate step in a bonding method for producing a component connection.
  • step VI a preferred embodiment of a bonding method is illustrated in the form of a flow chart.
  • This bonding process comprises, in step VI, the provision of a stacked arrangement with at least one cover layer D and another component B.
  • step V2 the component weakening of the cover layer D and preferably of the component B then takes place in the surface sector F, as described in detail above is described.
  • step V3 the components arranged in the stack are joined to the upper cover layer D by means of a joining element 30.
  • a weakened area sector F is provided in the cover layer D and / or in at least one component B.
  • the weakened surface sectors F adjoin one another in the joining direction in order to facilitate joining into a plurality of components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé servant à l'affaiblissement de composant dans au moins un secteur de surface d'un composant afin de préparer un procédé d'assemblage. Le composant est à cet effet affaibli par enlèvement de matériau dans le ou les secteurs de surface de sorte que le matériau de composant présente dans le ou les secteurs de surface une résistance plus petite par rapport à une déformation mécanique qu'à l'extérieur du secteur de surface. Le secteur de surface F présente une dimension située dans la plage de 0 < P < 400 mm2.
PCT/EP2018/085722 2017-12-22 2018-12-19 Procédé servant à l'affaiblissement de composant WO2019121839A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017131148.3 2017-12-22
DE102017131148 2017-12-22

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WO2019121839A1 true WO2019121839A1 (fr) 2019-06-27

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017030969A1 (fr) * 2015-08-14 2017-02-23 Magna International Inc. Conception de surface pour la formation de rivet auto-perceur
DE102016122789A1 (de) 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH Verbindungsverfahren

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017030969A1 (fr) * 2015-08-14 2017-02-23 Magna International Inc. Conception de surface pour la formation de rivet auto-perceur
DE102016122789A1 (de) 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH Verbindungsverfahren

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