WO2019119835A1 - 中子捕获治疗系统 - Google Patents

中子捕获治疗系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019119835A1
WO2019119835A1 PCT/CN2018/100987 CN2018100987W WO2019119835A1 WO 2019119835 A1 WO2019119835 A1 WO 2019119835A1 CN 2018100987 W CN2018100987 W CN 2018100987W WO 2019119835 A1 WO2019119835 A1 WO 2019119835A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collimator
neutron
axis
cantilever
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/100987
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘渊豪
Original Assignee
南京中硼联康医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201721777784.4U external-priority patent/CN208355948U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711365076.4A external-priority patent/CN109925612B/zh
Application filed by 南京中硼联康医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 南京中硼联康医疗科技有限公司
Priority to EP18890061.7A priority Critical patent/EP3708225B1/en
Priority to JP2020530385A priority patent/JP6947934B2/ja
Publication of WO2019119835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019119835A1/zh
Priority to US16/880,125 priority patent/US11583701B2/en
Priority to US18/098,161 priority patent/US20230277872A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1042—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head
    • A61N5/1045—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head using a multi-leaf collimator, e.g. for intensity modulated radiation therapy or IMRT
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
    • A61N5/1078—Fixed beam systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
    • H05H3/06—Generating neutron beams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A61N2005/105—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam using a laser alignment system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
    • A61N2005/1087—Ions; Protons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
    • A61N2005/109—Neutrons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1094—Shielding, protecting against radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1095—Elements inserted into the radiation path within the system, e.g. filters or wedges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radioactive ray irradiation system, and more particularly to a neutron capture treatment system.
  • neutron capture therapy combines the above two concepts, such as boron neutron capture therapy, by the specific accumulation of boron-containing drugs in tumor cells, coupled with precise neutron beam irradiation, providing better radiation than traditional radiation. Cancer treatment options.
  • a laser positioning system is required to combine the markings in the preparation room.
  • the patient is positioned such that the neutron beam is directed at the tumor for illumination.
  • the conventional laser positioning system includes four laser emitters, which are fixedly mounted on the walls and ceilings of the preparation room and the irradiation room, respectively, since the laser emitter is fixed, when the preparation chamber and/or the infusion chamber, the treatment bed, etc.
  • the object blocks the laser beam, it is difficult to accurately position the patient, so that accurate neutron beam irradiation treatment cannot be performed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a neutron capture treatment system including a neutron generating portion, an irradiation chamber, a preparation chamber, and an auxiliary positioner disposed in the illumination chamber and the preparation chamber, and the illumination
  • the chamber is a room for irradiating the irradiated body with a neutron beam
  • the irradiation chamber is provided with a first shielding wall
  • the first shielding wall is provided with a collimator for emitting the neutron beam
  • the neutron beam is emitted from the collimator to define a neutron beam axis
  • the preparation chamber is a room for performing preparation work required to illuminate the irradiated person with a neutron beam
  • the auxiliary positioner is provided with a laser beam that emits a laser beam to position the irradiated person The position of the laser emitter is optional.
  • the technical solution described in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: the position of the laser emitter can be selected, so that the irradiated body can be positioned in any case to achieve precise illumination.
  • the auxiliary positioner includes a base and a cantilever extending vertically from the base, and the laser emitter is disposed on the cantilever.
  • the laser emitter is arranged as one, and the cantilever is provided with a guide rail for moving the laser emitter and a positioning member for fixing the laser emitter at a selected position.
  • the laser emitter is arranged as one and the cantilever is a telescopic cantilever.
  • the laser emitters are arranged in plurality, and the plurality of laser emitters are arranged in order from a position close to the end of the cantilever away from the susceptor.
  • the preparation room is provided with a first wall
  • the first wall is provided with a collimator model identical to the structure and size of the collimator
  • the auxiliary positioner is arranged and installed around the collimator and/or the collimator model On the first shielding wall and/or the first wall.
  • the preparation room is provided with a first wall, and the first wall is provided with a collimator model identical to the structure and size of the collimator, and the auxiliary positioner is mounted on the collimator and/or the collimator model.
  • the neutron generating portion includes an accelerator for accelerating the charged particle beam, a neutron beam generating portion that generates a neutron beam by reacting with the charged particle beam, and a charged particle beam between the accelerator and the neutron beam generating portion.
  • Charged particle beam transfer unit for accelerating the charged particle beam, a neutron beam generating portion that generates a neutron beam by reacting with the charged particle beam, and a charged particle beam between the accelerator and the neutron beam generating portion.
  • the base and the cantilever are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the first shielding wall and the first wall are respectively provided with a fixing portion and a positioning portion which are disposed around the collimator and the collimator model and fix the auxiliary positioner, and set the XYZ.
  • the Y axis is parallel to the neutron beam axis
  • the Z axis is the direction perpendicular to the ground
  • the X axis is the direction orthogonal to the Y axis and the Z axis
  • the fixing portion includes the X axis direction directly above the collimator a first fixing portion disposed, a second fixing portion disposed on a left side of the collimator and disposed parallel to the shaft, and a third fixing portion disposed on a right side of the collimator and disposed parallel to the Z axis; the positioning portion includes the first and the 2.
  • the first, second, and third positioning portions corresponding to the third fixing portion, wherein the first, second, and third fixing portions have the same structure and size as the first, second, and third positioning portions;
  • the center point of the projection of the collimator on the first shielding wall and the center point of the projection of the collimator model on the first wall are reference points, and the center points of the first, second, and third fixing portions are first
  • the coordinate values of the center points of the second and third positioning portions are the same.
  • the base is a hollow cylinder
  • the cantilever is a hexahedron disposed perpendicularly to the base.
  • the first shielding wall and the first wall are respectively provided with a fixing portion and a positioning portion for fixing the auxiliary positioner, and the XYZ coordinates are set.
  • the Y axis is parallel to the neutron beam axis
  • the Z axis is a direction perpendicular to the ground
  • the X axis is a direction orthogonal to the Y axis and the Z axis
  • the fixing portion and the positioning portion are respectively aligned by the collimator in the first shield
  • the center point of the projection on the wall and the center point of the projection of the collimator model on the first wall are hollow circles of exactly the same size as the center of the circle.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the neutron capture treatment system of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the illumination chamber of Figure 1 with the positioning device installed;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the preparation chamber of Figure 1 with a positioning module installed;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an auxiliary positioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the auxiliary positioner of Figure 5;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the fixing portion corresponding to the auxiliary positioner in the first embodiment in the irradiation chamber;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing a positioning portion corresponding to the auxiliary positioner in the first embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the auxiliary positioner of the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of a fixing portion corresponding to the auxiliary positioner in the second embodiment in the irradiation chamber;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing a positioning portion corresponding to the auxiliary positioner in the second embodiment
  • Neutron capture therapy has become an increasingly effective method for the treatment of cancer in recent years, with boron neutron capture therapy being the most common.
  • Neutrons supplying boron neutron capture therapy can be made up of nuclear reactors, DT neutron generators, DD. Neutron generator, spallation neutron source or accelerator supply.
  • Embodiments of the present application take the accelerator boron neutron capture treatment as an example.
  • the basic components of the accelerator boron neutron capture treatment typically include an accelerator, a neutron generator, and a heat for accelerating charged particles (eg, protons, helium nuclei, etc.). Remove the system and the beam shaping body.
  • the accelerated charged particles and the metal neutron generating portion generate neutrons, and are selected according to the required neutron yield and energy, the energy and current of the accelerated charged particles, and the physicochemical properties of the metal neutron generating portion.
  • Nuclear reaction. The nuclear reactions often discussed are 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be and 9 Be(p,n) 9 B.
  • the neutron capture treatment system 1 includes a neutron beam generating unit 2 for generating a therapeutic neutron beam, and an irradiation chamber 3 for irradiating a neutron beam to an object to be irradiated, for example, a patient, for A preparation room 4 for performing preparation before irradiation, a management room 5 for performing irradiation control, and an auxiliary positioner 6 for assisting positioning of the patient in special cases are performed.
  • the neutron beam generating unit 2 is configured to generate a neutron beam outside the irradiation chamber 3 and to illuminate the patient with the neutron beam.
  • the neutron beam generating unit 2 includes a cyclotron 21 for accelerating the charged particle beam, a neutron beam generating unit 23 that generates a neutron beam by reacting with the charged particle beam, and is located between the cyclotron 21 and the neutron beam generating unit 23 for The charged particle beam transport unit 22 that transports the charged particle beam.
  • the neutron beam generating portion 2 is surrounded by a shield wall W1 made of concrete.
  • the charged particle beam transfer unit 22 transports the charged particle beam to the neutron beam generation unit 23, one end of which is connected to the cyclotron 21 and the other end of which is connected to the neutron beam generation unit 23.
  • other accelerators may be employed in place of the cyclotron.
  • a beam control device such as a beam adjustment unit, a current monitor, and a charged particle scanning unit may be provided on the charged particle beam transport unit 22 as needed.
  • the beam adjustment unit controls the traveling direction of the charged particle beam and the beam diameter.
  • the current monitor measures the current value of the charged particle beam (ie, charge, dose rate) in real time.
  • the charged particle beam scanning unit scans the charged particle beam and controls the irradiation position of the charged particle beam to the neutron beam generating unit 23.
  • the neutron beam generating unit 23 includes a target T that generates a neutron beam by reacting with the charged particle beam, and a beam shaping body 24 that decelerates and shields the generated neutron beam.
  • the neutron beam generated in the neutron beam generating section 23 includes a high speed neutron beam, an epithermal neutron beam, a thermal neutron beam, and a gamma ray.
  • the beam shaping body 24 includes a retarding body capable of decelerating the neutron beam generated from the target T to the superheated neutron energy region, and guiding the neutron deviating from the predetermined route back to the retarding body to improve the superheat.
  • the target T is made of lithium metal
  • the charged particle beam is accelerated to an energy sufficient to overcome the coulomb repulsion of the target T
  • a 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be nuclear reaction occurs with the target T to generate a neutron beam.
  • the superheated neutron beam mainly reacts with boron of a tumor entering a patient to exert a therapeutic effect.
  • the target T is disposed outside the shield wall W1, and the beam shaping body 24 is embedded in the shield wall W1 in the traveling direction of the neutron beam.
  • the irradiation chamber 3 includes a shielded wall W2, a ceiling 37, an entrance and exit 35 provided on the shield wall W2 for the patient to enter and exit, a screen door D1 for opening and closing the entrance and exit 35, and a shield wall W2, a ceiling 37, and a shield.
  • the shield space 30 surrounded by the door D1 is placed in the shielded space 30 for neutron beam irradiation for treatment.
  • the shielding wall W2 includes a first shielding wall 31 adjacent to the beam shaping body 24, a second shielding wall 32 opposite to the first shielding wall 31, and a third oppositely disposed between the first and second shielding walls 31, 32. Fourth shielding walls 33, 34.
  • the first shield wall 31 is provided with a conical collimator 36 for emitting a neutron beam, the neutron beam being emitted from the collimator 36 and defining a neutron beam axis X.
  • the collimator 36 can be configured in other shapes such as a cylindrical shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the like.
  • the third shield wall 33 is located on the left side of the collimator 36, and the port 35 is formed through the third shield wall 33 in a direction perpendicular to the neutron beam axis X.
  • the first shielding wall 31 is further provided with a fixing portion 39 for fixing the auxiliary positioner 6 to the first shielding wall 31, and the fixing portion 39 is disposed around the collimator 36.
  • the preparation chamber 4 is a room for performing preparation work required to irradiate the patient S with the neutron beam N, and the preparation work includes fixing the patient to the treatment table, positioning the patient's tumor, and performing three-dimensional operation. Positioning markers, etc.
  • the preparation chamber 4 is disposed on the left side of the irradiation chamber 3 and is spaced apart by the shield wall W3. In other embodiments, the preparation chamber 4 can be placed in any orientation of the illumination chamber 3.
  • the preparation chamber 4 includes a first wall 41 disposed in parallel with the first shielding wall 31, a second wall 42 located opposite the first wall 41, and both ends of the first and second walls 41, 42 and the first and second walls 41, 42 connected third and third walls 43, 44 and a top wall 45 above the first, second, third, and fourth walls 41, 42, 43, 44.
  • the first wall 41 is provided with a collimator model 46 having the same structure and size as the collimator 36 in the irradiation chamber 3, and the collimator model 46 can also be mounted in the second, third, and third portions of the preparation chamber 4.
  • Four walls 41, 42, 44 are on either side of the wall.
  • the fourth wall 44 is provided with an inlet/outlet 441 for the patient to enter and exit through the fourth wall 41 in a direction perpendicular to the neutron beam axis X, and a door 442 for opening and closing the inlet and outlet 441.
  • a passage 49 is provided between the inlet and outlet 441 of the preparation chamber 4 and the inlet and outlet 35 of the irradiation chamber 3 for the patient to enter the irradiation chamber 3 from the preparation chamber 4.
  • the first, second, third, and fourth walls 41, 42, 43, 44, the top wall 45, and the door 442 are enclosed as a closed space 40 in which the patient S prepares for illumination in the enclosed space 40.
  • the first, second, third, and third walls 41, 42, 43, 44 and the top wall 45 of the preparation chamber 4 are ordinary walls, and the space 40 is an unshielded space.
  • the first, second, third, and third walls 41, 42, 43, 44 and the top wall 45 of the preparation chamber 4 are shield walls, and the space 40 is a shielded space.
  • the first wall 41 is further provided with a positioning portion 49 for fixing the auxiliary positioner 6 to the first wall 41, and the positioning portion 49 is disposed around the collimator model 46.
  • the positioning portion 49 is identical in structure and size to the fixing portion 39 in the irradiation chamber 3, and at the same time, the center point 360 of the projection of the collimator 36 on the first shielding wall 31 and the collimator model 46 are respectively on the first wall.
  • the center point 460 of the projection on the 41 is a reference point, which is a center in the present embodiment, and is referred to as a collimator center point 360 and a collimator model center point 460, respectively, and the coordinate value and positioning of the center point of the fixing portion 39.
  • the coordinate values of the center point of the portion 49 correspond to the same.
  • the XYZ coordinates are set such that the Y axis is parallel to the neutron beam axis X, the Z axis is a direction perpendicular to the ground, and the X axis is a direction orthogonal to the Y axis and the Z axis.
  • the management room 5 is a room for managing the overall process performed by the neutron capture therapy system 1. For example, the manager visually confirms the state of preparation work in the preparation room 4 from the indoor of the management room 5, and the manager operates the control device to control the start and stop of the irradiation of the neutron beam.
  • a positioning system is provided in both the irradiation chamber 3 and the preparation chamber 4.
  • the second, third, and fourth shielding walls 32, 33, 34 and the ceiling 37 of the irradiation chamber 3 are respectively provided with positioning means for positioning the patient S.
  • the positioning device includes a first laser positioner 381 disposed on the ceiling 37 and located above the collimator 36, a second laser positioner 382 disposed on the second shielding wall 32 and located in front of the collimator 36, and disposed on the second laser positioner 382.
  • the positions of the first, second, third, and fourth laser positioners 381, 382, 383, 384 are fixed, i.e., the laser beam they emit for positioning is uniquely determined in three dimensions.
  • the second, third, and fourth walls 41, 42, 44 and the top wall 45 of the preparation chamber 4 are respectively provided with positioning modules for positioning the patient S tumor.
  • the positioning module includes a first locator 481 disposed on the top wall 45 and located above the collimator model 46, a second locator 482 disposed on the second wall 42 and located in front of the collimator model 46, and disposed at A third positioner 483 on the third wall 43 and located to the left of the collimator model 46 and a fourth positioner 484 disposed on the fourth wall 42 and located to the right of the collimator model 46.
  • the positions of the first, second, third, and fourth positioners 481, 482, 483, 484 are fixed, i.e., the laser beam they emit for positioning is uniquely determined in three dimensions.
  • the positional relationship between the first, second, third, and fourth positioners 481, 482, 483, 484 and the collimator model 46 is respectively associated with the first, second, third, and fourth laser positioners 381, 382
  • the positional relationship between the 383, 384 and the collimator 36 is the same in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the collimator center point 360 and the collimator model center point 460 are respectively used as reference points, and the first, second, and third are respectively used.
  • the coordinate values of the fourth laser positioners 381, 382, 383, and 384 are identical to the coordinate values of the first, second, third, and fourth positioners 481, 482, 483, and 484, respectively.
  • the patient S uses the CT image in combination with the positioning module to position the tumor in the preparation chamber 4 and performs three-dimensional marking on the patient's body surface, and then enters the irradiation chamber 3 through the passage 49, enters the irradiation chamber 3, and passes through the positioning in the irradiation chamber 3.
  • the device is positioned with a three-dimensional mark prepared in advance on the surface of the patient so that the neutron beam is directed at the tumor site for irradiation.
  • the specific marking method and positioning method are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the auxiliary positioner 6 of the first embodiment of the present application includes a base 61 that is attached to the fixing portion 39 of the irradiation chamber 3 or the positioning portion 49 of the preparation chamber 4, and is disposed perpendicularly to the base 61.
  • the cantilever 62 and four laser emitters 63 fixedly mounted on the cantilever 62.
  • Both the base 61 and the cantilever 62 are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the cantilever 62 extends perpendicularly from the intermediate position of the base 61, and the laser emitter 63 is mounted on the plane of the cantilever 62 facing the collimator 36 or the collimator model 46.
  • the size of the cantilever 62 is larger than the size of the collimator 36 and the collimator model 46 in the Y-axis direction, and the laser emitter 63 is located outside the collimator 36 and the collimator model 46 as viewed in the X-axis direction.
  • the base 61 is provided with at least two positioning holes 610 extending through the base 61 from the Y-axis direction to fix the base 61 to the first shielding wall 31 and the first wall 41.
  • the base 61 and the cantilever 62 are made of metal or plastic which is not easily activated, and are formed in one piece.
  • the laser emitters 63 are sequentially arranged along the Y-axis from a position close to the end of the cantilever 62 away from the susceptor 61. Since the laser emitters 63 are provided in plurality, when there are obstacles blocking one or more of the laser beams, other unobstructed laser beams can be flexibly selected for positioning, thereby achieving precise positioning and precise illumination.
  • the base 61 and the cantilever 62 may be assembled after being separately formed; the two are not limited to the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and may be other shapes such as a hexagonal prism; the number of the laser emitters 63 is any greater than one. Quantity.
  • the laser emitter 63 can be configured to be movable along the Y-axis, and accordingly, the cantilever 62 is provided with a guide that guides the laser emitter 63 and that positions the laser emitter 63 in a selected position.
  • the cantilever 62 is configured as a telescopic structure, and the position of the laser emitter 63 on the Y-axis is adjusted by the extension and contraction arms 62.
  • the position of the laser emitter 63 on the Y-axis is adjustable, only one laser emitter 63 is required to achieve precise positioning and precise illumination while reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the fixing portion 39 and the positioning portion 49 corresponding to the auxiliary positioner 6 of the first embodiment are shaped such that the collimator center point 360 and the collimator model center point 460 are viewed in the Y-axis direction.
  • the fixing portion 39 includes a first fixing portion 391 which is disposed directly above the collimator 36 and arranged in the parallel X-axis direction, a second fixing portion 392 which is disposed on the left side of the collimator 36 and is arranged parallel to the Z-axis, and is located in the collimation A third fixing portion 393 disposed on the right side of the device 36 and parallel to the Z axis.
  • the first, second, and third fixing portions 391, 392, and 393 are embedded in the first shielding wall 31.
  • the first, second, and third fixing portions 391, 392, and 393 are connected end to end as viewed in the Y-axis direction.
  • the rectangles, and the first, second, and third fixing portions 391, 392, and 393 constitute a dome shape disposed around the collimator center point 360.
  • the first, second, and third fixing portions 391, 392, and 393 are respectively provided with at least two fixing holes 390 for fixing the base 61.
  • the fixing holes 390 and the positioning holes 610 of the base 61 are threaded holes.
  • the seat 61 is fixed to the first, second, and third fixing portions 391, 392, and 393 by screws to form a detachable fixed connection.
  • the base 61 and the first, second, and third fixing portions 391, 392, and 393 can be fixed together by a groove or a convex snap fit or a magnet adsorption to form a detachable fixed
  • the positioning portion 49 includes first, second, and third positioning portions 491, 492, and 493, and is respectively disposed on the first, second, and third positioning portions 491, 492, and 493 to fix the base 61. At least two positioning holes 490. Since the coordinates of the structure, the size, and the center points of the fixing portion 39 and the positioning portion 49 are the same when the collimator center point 360 and the collimator model center point 460 are used as reference points, respectively, The fixing portion 39 will be specifically described.
  • the structure of the positioning portion 49 and its positional relationship with the collimator model 46 refer to the above description of the structure, size, and positional relationship of the fixing portion 39 with the collimator 36.
  • One or more auxiliary positioners 6 may be respectively mounted to the first, second, and third fixing portions 391, 392, 393 and the first, second, and third positioning portions 491, 492, 493 instead of the corresponding irradiation chambers 3
  • One or more of the first, third, and fourth laser positioners 381, 383, 384 and the first, third, and fourth positioners 481, 483, 484 in the preparation chamber 4 are illuminated Implement positioning.
  • the fixing portion 39 and the positioning portion 49 may also be disposed on the collimator 36, the collimator model 46 or other wall surfaces of the illumination chamber 3 and the preparation chamber 4, and correspondingly the auxiliary positioner 6 Structural adjustments can also achieve precise positioning.
  • the auxiliary positioner 6' of the second embodiment of the present application includes a base 61' mounted to the fixing portion 39' or the positioning portion 49', a cantilever 62' mounted to the base 61', and a cantilever 62' Laser emitting device 63' on.
  • a guide rail 624 for moving the laser emitting device 63' in the Y-axis direction is provided on the cantilever 62'.
  • the laser emitting device 63' includes a slider 631 slidable on the guide rail 624, a laser emitter 632 mounted on the slider 631, and a locking member 634 for fixing the slider 631 to the rail 624.
  • the base 61' is a hollow cylinder
  • the cantilever 62' is a hexahedron having an isosceles trapezoidal cross section in a direction perpendicular to the Y-axis
  • the laser emitter 63' is mounted on the collimator 36' facing the collimator 36 or the collimator On the guide rail 624 of the model 46.
  • the guide rail 624 is a rectangular body parallel to the Y-axis, and the slider 631 rides over the guide rail 624.
  • the locking member 634 selectively locks the slider 631 at a certain position of the guide rail 624.
  • the base 61' is further provided with at least two positioning holes 610' for fixing the base 61' to the first shielding wall 31 and the first wall 41.
  • the long dimension of the cantilever 62' is larger than the dimensions of the collimator 36 and the collimator model 46, that is, the cantilever 62' protrudes from the collimator 36, the collimator model 46, and the laser emitter 63' is located
  • the collimator 36 is external to the collimator model 46.
  • the base 61' is provided with an annular rail (not shown) for sliding the cantilever 62' in the circumferential direction and a locking member (not shown) for fixing the cantilever 62' to the selected position.
  • the cantilever 62' There is a guiding portion (not shown) that cooperates with the annular rail and a locking member (not shown) that cooperates with the locking member to fix the cantilever 62'.
  • the guide rail and the guiding member are common grooves and projections.
  • the locking member and the locking member are common locking devices, such as an elastic body and a groove, a bolt and a threaded hole.
  • the base 61' and the cantilever 62' are made of metal or plastic that is not easily activated.
  • two cantilever arms 62' are mounted on the base 61', and two laser emitting devices 63' are disposed on each of the cantilever arms 62'.
  • one to three can be mounted on the base 61'.
  • the number of the cantilever 62', the laser emitting device 63' is equal to or greater than one. Since the laser emitter 63' can move along the guide rail 624' on the Y-axis and can be positioned to any selected position, the position of the laser emitting device 63' can be flexibly adjusted to the laser beam when there is an obstacle blocking the laser beam. Positions that are not obscured for precise positioning and precise illumination.
  • the laser emitting device 63' may be provided in plurality, which are sequentially arranged and fixedly mounted along the Y axis from a position close to the end of the cantilever 62' away from the pedestal 61', since the laser emitting device 63' is disposed.
  • the cantilever 62' can be set to be fixedly mounted on On the base 61'; the cantilever 62' can be configured as a telescopic cantilever, and the position of the laser emitter 63' on the Y-axis is adjusted by the telescopic cantilever 62' because the position of the laser emitting device 63' on the Y-axis is adjustable Therefore, it is only necessary to provide a laser emitting device 63' to achieve precise positioning and precise illumination, while reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the shape of the fixing portion 39' and the positioning portion 49' corresponding to the auxiliary positioner 6' of the second embodiment are respectively the center point 360 of the collimator as viewed from the Y-axis direction.
  • the straight model center point 460 is a ring of two identical dimensions disposed at the center of the circle, which is surrounded by the collimator 36, the collimator model 46, and embedded in the first shielding wall 31 and the first wall 41.
  • the fixing portion 39' and the positioning portion 49' are respectively provided with at least two fixing holes 390' and 490' for fixing the base 61'.
  • the fixing holes 390', 490' and the positioning holes 610' are threaded holes.
  • the seat 61' is fixed to the fixing portion 39' and the positioning portion 49' by screws to form a detachable fixed connection.
  • the base 61' and the fixing portion 39' and the positioning portion 49' can be fixed together by a groove or a convex snap fit or a magnet adsorption or the like to form a detachable fixed connection.
  • One or more cantilevers 62' on the auxiliary positioner 6' can be positioned to the respective positions in place of the respective first, third, fourth laser positioners 381, 383, 384 and the first within the preparation chamber 4 within the illumination chamber 3.
  • One or more of the laser emitters of the third and fourth positioners 481, 483, 484 position the illuminated person.
  • the fixing portion 39' and the positioning portion 49' may be disposed on the collimator 36, the collimator model 46, or the other walls of the illumination chamber 3 and the preparation chamber 4, and the auxiliary positioner 6 correspondingly
  • the adaptive adjustment of the structure can also achieve the purpose of precise positioning.
  • the auxiliary positioners 6, 6' can be used in place of the first, third, and fourth laser positioners 381, 383, 384 in the illumination chamber 3 and the first, third, and fourth positioners 481 in the preparation chamber 4, Any one or more of the laser locators of 483, 484 position the patient, and the number of laser locators that need to be replaced depends on the actual situation. In practical applications, in the preparation chamber 4 and the irradiation chamber 3, when the light beam emitted by one or more laser positioners fixedly mounted to the wall and the ceiling is blocked and the positioning cannot be performed, the auxiliary positioners 6, 6' will be provided. The positioning is performed on the corresponding fixing portions 39, 39' and the positioning portions 49, 49 instead of the one or more laser positioners.
  • the same set of auxiliary locators 6, 6' can be used in the preparation chamber 4 and the irradiation chamber 3, that is, after the preparation chamber 4 completes the tumor positioning and marking of the patient S, the one or more auxiliary locators 6, 6' is detached and installed in the illuminating chamber 3 for continued use; it is also possible to install the required number of auxiliary locators 6, 6' in both the preparation chamber 4 and the illuminating chamber 3, so that it is not necessary to disassemble the auxiliary locator 6 in the preparation chamber 4. , 6' is reused in the irradiation chamber 3.
  • the neutron capture treatment system disclosed herein is not limited to the contents described in the above embodiments and the structures represented in the drawings. Obvious modifications, substitutions, or alterations of the materials, shapes, and positions of the components in the present application are within the scope of the present disclosure.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种中子捕获治疗系统，所述中子捕获治疗系统包括中子产生部、照射室、准备室及设置于所述照射室和所述准备室内的辅助定位器，所述中子束产生部包括用于加速带电粒子束的加速器、与带电粒子束反应生成中子束的中子束生成部及位于加速器与中子束生成部之间用于传输带电粒子束的带电粒子束传输部，照射室为用于向被照射体照射中子束的房间，准备室为用于实施向被照射者照射中子束前所需的准备工作的房间，所述辅助定位器上设有发射激光束以对被照射者进行定位的激光发射器，所述激光发射器的位置是可选择的，因此可在任何情况下对被照射体实施定位，实现精准照射。

Description

中子捕获治疗系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种放射性射线辐照系统，尤其涉及一种中子捕获治疗系统。
背景技术
随着原子科学的发展，例如钴六十、直线加速器、电子射束等放射线治疗已成为癌症治疗的主要手段之一。然而传统光子或电子治疗受到放射线本身物理条件的限制，在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时，也会对射束途径上大量的正常组织造成伤害；另外由于肿瘤细胞对放射线敏感程度的不同，传统放射治疗对于较具抗辐射性的恶性肿瘤(如：多行性胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma multiforme)、黑色素细胞瘤(melanoma))的治疗成效往往不佳。
为了减少肿瘤周边正常组织的辐射伤害，化学治疗(chemotherapy)中的标靶治疗概念便被应用于放射线治疗中；而针对高抗辐射性的肿瘤细胞，目前也积极发展具有高相对生物效应(relative biological effectiveness，RBE)的辐射源，如质子治疗、重粒子治疗、中子捕获治疗等。其中，中子捕获治疗便是结合上述两种概念，如硼中子捕获治疗，借由含硼药物在肿瘤细胞的特异性集聚，配合精准的中子射束照射，提供比传统放射线更好的癌症治疗选择。
为实现精准的中子束照射，在准备室内，需要通过CT影像等结合激光定位系统对患者的肿瘤位置进行精确定位并做标记，在照射室内，需要通过激光定位系统结合在准备室做的标记对患者进行定位使中子束对准肿瘤进行照射。传统的激光定位系统包括四个激光发射器，分别固定安装于准备室和照射室的墙壁和天花板上，由于激光发射器是固定的，当准备室和/或照射室内的输液管、治疗床等物体遮挡住激光光束时，则难以对患者进行精准定位，从而无法实施精准的中子束照射治疗。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本申请的一个实施例提供一种中子捕获治疗系统，其包括中子产生部、照射室、准备室及设置于所述照射室和所述准备室内的辅助定位器，照射室为用于向被照射体照射中子束的房间，照射室设有第一屏蔽壁，第一屏蔽壁上设有供中子束射出的准直器，中子束从准直器射出限定一根中子射束轴线，准备室为用于实施向被照射者照射中子束前所需的准备工作的房间，辅助定位器上设有发射激光束以对被照射者进行定位的激光发射器，激光发射器的位置是可选择的。
与现有技术相比，本实施例记载的技术方案具有以下有益效果：激光发射器的位置可可选择的，因此可在任何情况下对被照射体实施定位，实现精准照射。
进一步地，辅助定位器包括基座和自基座垂直延伸的悬臂，激光发射器设置在悬臂上。
优选地，激光发射器设置为一个，悬臂上设有供激光发射器移动的导轨及将激光发射器固定在选定位置的定位件。
优选地，激光发射器设置为一个，悬臂为可伸缩式悬臂。
优选地，激光发射器设置为多个，多个激光发射器从靠近悬臂远离基座的末端的位置依次排列。
进一步地，准备室设有第一墙壁，第一墙壁上设有与准直器的结构、尺寸完全相同的准直器模型，辅助定位器围绕准直器和/或准直器模型设置并安装于第一屏蔽壁和/或第一墙壁上。
进一步地，准备室设有第一墙壁，第一墙壁上设有与准直器的结构、尺寸完全相同的准直器模型，辅助定位器安装于准直器和/或准直器模型上。
优选地，中子产生部包括用于加速带电粒子束的加速器、与带电粒子束反应生成中子束的中子束生成部及位于加速器与中子束生成部之间用于传输带电粒子束的带电粒子束传输部。
优选地，基座和悬臂为长方体形状，第一屏蔽壁和第一墙壁上分别设有围绕准直器、准直器模型设置并将辅助定位器进行固定的固定部、定位部，设定XYZ坐标，Y轴平行于中子射束轴线，Z轴为相对于地面垂直的方向，X轴为与Y轴和Z轴正交的方向，固定部包括位于准直器正上方且平行X轴方向布置的第一固定部、位于准直器左侧且平行于轴布置的第二固定部及位于准直器右侧且平行于Z轴布置的第三固定部；定位部包括与第一、第二、第三固定部对应设置的第一、第二、第三定位部，第一、第二、第三固定部与第一、第二、第三定位部的结构、尺寸对应相同；分别以准直器在第一屏蔽壁上的投影的中心点和准直器模型在第一墙壁上的投影的中心点为基准点，则第一、第二、第三固定部的中心点与第一、第二、第三定位部的中心点的坐标值对应相同。
优选地，基座为中空的圆柱体，悬臂为与基座垂直设置的六面体，第一屏蔽壁和第一墙壁上分别设有将辅助定位器进行固定的固定部、定位部，设定XYZ坐标，Y轴平行于中子射束轴线，Z轴为相对于地面垂直的方向，X轴为与Y轴和Z轴正交的方向，固定部和定位部为分别以准直器在第一屏蔽壁上的投影的中心点和准直器模型在第一墙壁上的投影的中心点为圆心的尺寸完全相同的中空圆环。
附图说明
图1是本申请中子捕获治疗系统的俯视图；
图2是图1中安装了定位装置的照射室的示意图；
图3是图1中安装了定位模块的准备室的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例一的辅助定位器的立体图；
图5是图5中的辅助定位器的正视图；
图6是照射室内与实施例一中的辅助定位器对应的固定部的示意图；
图7是准备室内与实施例一中的辅助定位器对应的定位部的示意图；
图8是本申请实施例二的辅助定位器的立体图；
图9是照射室内与实施例二中的辅助定位器对应的固定部的示意图；
图10是准备室内与实施例二中的辅助定位器对应的定位部的示意图；
具体实施方式
中子捕获治疗作为一种有效的治疗癌症的手段近年来的应用逐渐增加，其中以硼中子捕获治疗最为常见，供应硼中子捕获治疗的中子可以由核反应堆、D-T中子发生器、D-D中子发生器、散裂中子源或加速器供应。本申请的实施例以加速器硼中子捕获治疗为例，加速器硼中子捕获治疗的基本组件通常包括用于对带电粒子(如质子、氘核等)进行加速的加速器、中子产生部与热移除系统以及射束整形体。其中加速带电粒子与金属中子产生部作用产生中子，依据所需的中子产率与能量、可提供的加速带电粒子能量与电流大小、金属中子产生部的物化性等特性来挑选合适的核反应。常被讨论的核反应有 7Li(p，n) 7Be及 9Be(p，n) 9B。
如图1所示，中子捕获治疗系统1具备用于产生治疗用中子束的中子束产生部2、用于向被照射体，例如患者，照射中子束的照射室3、用于进行照射前准备工作的准备室4、用于实施照射控制的管理室5及在特殊情况下用于对患者进行辅助定位的辅助定位器6。
中子束产生部2构成为在照射室3外产生中子束并能够向患者照射中子束。中子束产生部2包括用于加速带电粒子束的回旋加速器21、与带电粒子束反应生成中子束的中子束生成部23及位于回旋加速器21与中子束生成部23之间用于传输带电粒子束的带电粒子束传输部22。中子束产生部2四周被混凝土制成的屏蔽壁W1包围。带电粒子束传输部22向中子束生成部23传输带电粒子束，其一端连接于回旋加速器21、另一端连接于中子束生成部23。在其他实施例中，可以采用其他加速器代替回旋加速器。可以根据实际需要在带电粒子束传输部22上设置射束调整部、电流监测器、带电粒子扫描部等射束控制装置。射束调整部控制带电粒子束的行进方向及射束直径。电流监视器实时测定带电粒子束的电流值(即电荷、照射剂量率)。带电粒子束扫描部扫描带电粒子束并控制带电粒子束对中子束生成部23的照射位置。中子束生成部23包括与带电粒子束反应生成中子束的靶T及对产生的中子束进行减速、屏蔽的射束整形体24。在中子束生成部23中生成的中子束包括高速中子束、超热中子束、热中子束及伽马射线。具体地，射束整形体24包括能够将自靶T产生的中子束减速至超热中子能区的缓速体、将偏离既定路线的中子导回至缓速体以提高超热中子射束强度的反射体、用于吸收热中子以避免治疗时与浅层正常组织造成过多剂量的热中子吸收体及用于屏蔽渗漏的中子和光子以减少非照射区的正常组织剂量的辐射屏蔽。作为一种优选实施例，靶T由锂金属制成，带电粒子束加速至足以克服靶T的原子核库伦斥力的能量，与靶T发生 7Li(p，n) 7Be核反应以产生中子束。其中，主要是超热中子束与进入患者体内的肿瘤的硼进行核反应而发挥 治疗效果。靶T设置于屏蔽壁W1的外部，射束整形体24沿中子束的行进方向埋设在屏蔽壁W1内。
结合图2所示，照射室3包括被屏蔽壁W2、天花板37、设置于屏蔽壁W2上供患者进出的出入口35、打开和关闭出入口35的屏蔽门D1及由屏蔽壁W2、天花板37、屏蔽门D1围设而成的屏蔽空间30，患者被放置于屏蔽空间30内接受中子束照射进行治疗。屏蔽壁W2包括临近射束整形体24的第一屏蔽壁31、与第一屏蔽壁31相对第二屏蔽壁32、连接于第一、第二屏蔽壁31、32之间且相对设置的第三、第四屏蔽壁33、34。第一屏蔽壁31上设有供中子束射出的圆锥状准直器36，中子束从准直器36射出并限定一根中子射束轴线X。在其他实施例中，准直器36可设置成圆柱状、长方体状等其他形状。第三屏蔽壁33位于准直器36的左侧，出入口35是沿与中子射束轴线X垂直的方向贯穿第三屏蔽壁33而形成。第一屏蔽壁31上还设有将辅助定位器6固定到第一屏蔽壁31上的固定部39，固定部39围绕在准直器36周围设置。
结合图3所示，准备室4为用于实施向患者S照射中子束N前所需的准备工作的房间，准备工作包括将患者固定于治疗台、对患者的肿瘤进行定位并做好三维定位标记等。在本申请实施例中，准备室4设置于照射室3的左侧并由屏蔽墙W3间隔开。在其他实施例中，准备室4可以设置在照射室3的任意方位。准备室4包括与第一屏蔽壁31平行设置的第一墙壁41、位于第一墙壁41对面的第二墙壁42及位于第一、第二墙壁41、42两端并将第一、第二墙壁41、42连接的第三、第三墙壁43、44及位于第一、第二、第三、第四墙壁41、42、43、44上方的顶壁45。第一墙壁41上设有与照射室3内的准直器36的结构、尺寸完全相同的准直器模型46，准直器模型46也可以安装在准备室4的第二、第三、第四墙壁41、42、44的任意一面墙壁上。第四墙壁44上设有沿与中子射束轴线X垂直的方向贯穿第四墙壁41而形成的供患者进出的进出口441及打开、关闭进出口441的门442。准备室4的进出口441与照射室3的出入口35之间设有通道49供患者从准备室4进入照射室3。第一、第二、第三、第四墙壁41、42、43、44、顶壁45及门442围设成一个封闭的空间40，患者S在此封闭空间40内进行照射前的准备工作。在本实施例中，准备室4的第一、第二、第三、第三墙壁41、42、43、44及顶壁45为普通墙壁，空间40是一个非屏蔽空间，在其他实施例中，准备室4的第一、第二、第三、第三墙壁41、42、43、44及顶壁45为屏蔽壁，空间40是一个屏蔽空间。第一墙壁41上还设有将辅助定位器6固定到第一墙壁41上的定位部49，定位部49围绕准直器模型46设置。定位部49与照射室3内的固定部39的结构、尺寸完全相同，同时，分别以准直器36在第一屏蔽壁31上的投影的中心点360和准直器模型46在第一墙壁41上的投影的中心点460为基准点，在本实施例中为圆心，下称分别准直器中心点360、准直器模型中心点460，则固定部39的中心点的坐标值与定位部49的中心点的坐标值对应相同。具体而言，设定XYZ坐标，Y轴平行于中子射束轴线X，Z轴为相对于地面垂直的方向，X轴为与Y轴和Z轴正交的方向。
管理室5为用于管理使用中子捕捉疗法系统1实施的整体工序的房间。例如，管理人员 从管理室5的室内肉眼确认准备室4中的准备工作的状况、管理人员操作控制装置来控制中子束的照射的开始和停止等。
参照图1及图2所示，为了对患者S的肿瘤进行定位并进行精确照射，照射室3和准备室4内均设有定位系统。具体地，照射室3的第二、第三、第四屏蔽壁32、33、34及天花板37上分别设有对患者S进行定位的定位装置。其中，定位装置包括设置在天花板37上并位于准直器36上方的第一激光定位器381、设于第二屏蔽壁32上并位于准直器36前方的第二激光定位器382、设于第三屏蔽壁33上并位于准直器36左侧的第三激光定位器383及设于第四屏蔽壁34上并位于准直器36右侧的第四激光定位器384。第一、第二、第三、第四激光定位器381、382、383、384的位置是固定的，即其发出的用于定位的激光束在三维空间内是唯一确定的。
参照图1及图3所示，准备室4的第二、第三、第四墙壁41、42、44及顶壁45上分别设有对患者S肿瘤进行定位标记的定位模块。其中，定位模块包括设置在顶壁45上并位于准直器模型46上方的第一定位器481、设于第二墙壁42上并位于准直器模型46前方的第二定位器482、设于第三墙壁43上并位于准直器模型46左侧的第三定位器483及设于第四墙壁42上并位于准直器模型46右侧的第四定位器484。第一、第二、第三、第四定位器481、482、483、484的位置是固定的，即其发出的用于定位的激光束在三维空间内是唯一确定的。
第一、第二、第三、第四定位器481、482、483、484与准直器模型46之间的位置关系分别与第一、第二、第三、第四激光定位器381、382、383、384与准直器36之间位置关系一一对应相同，具体地，分别以准直器中心点360、准直器模型中心点460为基准点，则第一、第二、第三、第四激光定位器381、382、383、384的坐标值分别与第一、第二、第三、第四定位器481、482、483、484的坐标值一一对应相同。
患者S在准备室4内采用CT影像结合定位模块对肿瘤进行定位并在患者的体表做好三维标记，然后通过通道49进入照射室3，进入照射室3后，通过照射室3内的定位装置与患者体表预先做好的三维标记进行定位，使得中子束对准肿瘤部位进行照射。具体的标记方法和定位方法为业内普通技术人员所熟知的技术，在此不做详细描述。
如图4、图5所示，本申请第一实施例的辅助定位器6包括安装到照射室3的固定部39或准备室4的定位部49的基座61、与基座61垂直设置的悬臂62及固定安装在悬臂62上的4个激光发射器63。基座61和悬臂62均为长方体形状，悬臂62自基座61的中间位置垂直延伸，激光发射器63安装在悬臂62的面向准直器36或准直器模型46的平面上。从X轴方向观察，在Y轴方向上，悬臂62的尺寸大于准直器36、准直器模型46的尺寸，激光发射器63均位于准直器36、准直器模型46之外。基座61上设有至少两个自Y轴方向贯穿基座61以将基座61固定到第一屏蔽壁31、第一墙壁41上的定位孔610。基座61与悬臂62由不易活化的金属或是塑料制成，二者以一体成型的方式制成。激光发射器63从靠近悬臂62远离基座61的末端的位置等间距沿Y轴依次排列。因为激光发射器63设置有多个，因此在有障碍物遮挡其中一个或多个激光光束时，可灵活地选择其他不被遮挡的激光光束进行定位， 从而实现精确定位和精准照射。
在其他实施例中，基座61与悬臂62可以是分体成型之后组装在一起的；二者不限于长方体的形状，可以是六棱柱等其他形状；激光发射器63的数量是大于1的任意数量。
在其他实施例中，激光发射器63可以设置成可沿Y轴移动的形式，相应地，悬臂62设有对激光发射器63进行导向的导轨及将激光发射器63固定在选定位置的定位件；或者将悬臂62设置成可伸缩式的结构，通过伸、缩悬臂62调节激光发射器63在Y轴上的位置。在这两种实施例中，因为激光发射器63在Y轴上的位置可可调整的，因此只需要设置一个激光发射器63即可达成实现精确定位和精准照射的目的，同时降低制造成本。
如图6所示，沿Y轴方向观察，与第一实施例的辅助定位器6对应的固定部39、定位部49的形状为以准直器中心点360、准直器模型中心点460为中心点设置的冂型结构。具体地，固定部39包括位于准直器36正上方且平行X轴方向布置的第一固定部391、位于准直器36左侧且平行于Z轴布置的第二固定部392及位于准直器36右侧且平行于Z轴布置的第三固定部393。第一、第二、第三固定部391、392、393埋设于第一屏蔽壁31内，从Y轴方向观察，第一、第二、第三固定部391、392、393为三个首尾相连的长方形，且第一、第二、第三固定部391、392、393组成一个围绕准直器中心点360设置的冂形。第一、第二、第三固定部391、392、393上分别设有至少两个将基座61进行固定的固定孔390，固定孔390与基座61上的定位孔610为螺纹孔，基座61通过螺钉固定到第一、第二、第三固定部391、392、393上形成可拆卸式固定连接。在其他实施方式中，基座61与第一、第二、第三固定部391、392、393可通过凹槽与凸起卡扣配合或是磁铁吸附等方式固定到一起形成可拆卸式固定连接。
如图7所示，定位部49包括第一、第二、第三定位部491、492、493及分别设置于第一、第二、第三定位部491、492、493上将基座61固定的至少两个定位孔490。因固定部39与定位部49的结构、尺寸及二者的中心点在分别以准直器中心点360和准直器模型中心点460为基准点时的坐标值对应相同，因此在此只对固定部39做具体描述，定位部49的结构及其与准直器模型46的位置关系请参照以上对固定部39结构、尺寸及与准直器36的位置关系的描述。
一个或多个辅助定位器6可分别安装到第一、第二、第三固定部391、392、393和第一、第二、第三定位部491、492、493上代替照射室3内相应的第一、第三、第四激光定位器381、383、384和准备室4内的第一、第三、第四定位器481、483、484中的一个或多个激光发射器对被照射者实施定位。
在其他实施方式中，固定部39、定位部49亦可设置在准直器36、准直器模型46上或照射室3和准备室4的其他墙面上，相应地将辅助定位器6的结构做调整同样能达到精确定位的目的。
如图8所示，本申请第二实施例的辅助定位器6’包括安装到固定部39’或定位部49’的基座61’、安装到基座61’上悬臂62’及悬臂62’上的激光发射装置63’。悬臂62’上设有供激光发射装置63’在Y轴方向移动的导轨624。激光发射装置63’包括可在导轨624上 滑动的滑动件631、安装在滑动件631上的激光发射器632及将滑动件631固定在导轨624上的锁定件634。基座61’为中空的圆柱体，悬臂62’为在垂直于Y轴的方向上截面为等腰梯形的六面体，激光发射器63’安装在悬臂62’的面向准直器36或准直器模型46的导轨624上。导轨624为平行于Y轴的长方形体，滑动件631跨骑在导轨624上。锁定件634将滑动件631选择性地锁定在导轨624的某一个位置。基座61’上还设有至少两个将基座61’固定到第一屏蔽壁31、第一墙壁41上的定位孔610’。在Y轴方向上，悬臂62’的长尺寸大于准直器36、准直器模型46的尺寸，即悬臂62’凸出准直器36、准直器模型46，激光发射器63’均位于准直器36、准直器模型46之外。基座61’上设有供悬臂62’在圆周方向上滑动的环形轨道(未图示)及将悬臂62’固定在选定位置的锁扣件(未图示)，相应地，悬臂62’上设有与环形轨道配合的导向部(未图示)及与锁扣件配合以将悬臂62’进行固定的锁止件(未图示)，导轨与导向件为常见的凹槽、凸起配合的形式，锁扣件与锁止件为常见的锁定装置，如弹性体与凹槽配合、螺栓与螺纹孔配合等。基座61’与悬臂62’由不易活化的金属或是塑料制成。在本实施例中，基座61’上安装了两个悬臂62’，在每个悬臂62’上设置两个激光发射装置63’，根据实际需要，基座61’上可以安装1到3个悬臂62’，激光发射装置63’的数量大于等于1即可。因为激光发射器63’可沿导轨624’在Y轴上移动且可定位到任意选定的的位置，因此存在障碍物遮挡激光光束时，可灵活地调整激光发射装置63’的位置到激光束不会被遮挡的位置，从而实现精确定位和精准照射。
在其他实施例中，激光发射装置63’可以设置成多个，其从靠近悬臂62’远离基座61’的末端的位置等间距沿Y轴依次排列并固定安装，因为激光发射装置63’设置有多个，因此在有障碍物遮挡其中一个或多个激光光束时，可灵活地选择其他不被遮挡的激光光束进行定位，从而实现精确定位和精准照射；悬臂62’可以设置成固定安装在基座61’上；悬臂62’可设置成伸缩式悬臂，通过伸缩悬臂62’调节调节激光发射器63’在Y轴上的位置，因为激光发射装置63’在Y轴上的位置可可调整的，因此只需要设置一个激光发射装置63’即可达成实现精确定位和精准照射的目的，同时降低制造成本。
如图9、图10所示，从Y轴方向观察，与第二实施例的辅助定位器6’对应的固定部39’、定位部49’的形状分别为以准直器中心点360、准直器模型中心点460为圆心设置的两个尺寸完全相同的圆环，其包围在准直器36、准直器模型46的周围并埋设于第一屏蔽壁31和第一墙壁41内。固定部39’、定位部49’上均分别设有至少两个将基座61’进行固定的固定孔390’、490’，固定孔390’、490’与定位孔610’为螺纹孔，基座61’通过螺钉固定到固定部39’、定位部49’上形成可拆卸式固定连接。在其他实施方式中，基座61’与固定部39’、定位部49’可通过凹槽与凸起卡扣配合或是磁铁吸附等方式固定到一起，形成可拆卸式固定连接。
辅助定位器6’上的一个或多个悬臂62’可定位到相应位置代替照射室3内相应的第一、第三、第四激光定位器381、383、384和准备室4内的第一、第三、第四定位器481、483、484的其中一个或多个激光发射器对被照射者实施定位。
在其他实施方式中，固定部39’、定位部49’可以设置在准直器36、准直器模型46上或照射室3和准备室4的其他墙面上，相应地将辅助定位器6’的结构做适应性的调整同样能达到精确定位的目的。
辅助定位器6、6’能够用来代替照射室3内的第一、第三、第四激光定位器381、383、384和准备室4内的第一、第三、第四定位器481、483、484中的任何一个或多个激光定位器对患者实施定位，需要被代替的激光定位器的数量根据实际情况而定。在实际应用中，在准备室4和照射室3内，当固定安装于墙壁和天花板的某一个或多个激光定位器发出的光束被遮挡而无法实施定位时，将辅助定位器6、6’安装于对应的固定部39、39’、定位部49、49取代该一个或多个激光定位器实施定位。其中，在准备室4和照射室3内可以使用同一组辅助定位器6、6’，即在准备室4完成对患者S的肿瘤定位、标记之后，将该一个或多个辅助定位器6、6’拆下安装到照射室3内继续使用；也可以在准备室4和照射室3内均安装所需数量的辅助定位器6、6’，则无需拆卸准备室4内的辅助定位器6、6’到照射室3内重复使用。
本申请揭示的中子捕获治疗系统并不局限于以上实施例所述的内容以及附图所表示的结构。在本申请的基础上对其中构件的材料、形状及位置所做的显而易见地改变、替代或者修改，都在本申请要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述中子捕获治疗系统包括中子产生部、照射室、准备室及设置于所述照射室和所述准备室内的辅助定位器，照射室为用于向被照射体照射中子束的房间，所述照射室设有第一屏蔽壁，第一屏蔽壁上设有供中子束射出的准直器，中子束从准直器射出限定一根中子射束轴线，准备室为用于实施向被照射体照射中子束前所需的准备工作的房间，所述辅助定位器上设有发射激光束以对被照射者进行定位的激光发射器，所述激光发射器的位置是可选择的。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述辅助定位器包括基座和自基座垂直延伸的悬臂，所述激光发射器设置在悬臂上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述激光发射器设置为一个，悬臂上设有供激光发射器移动的导轨及将激光发射器固定在选定位置的定位件。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述激光发射器设置为一个，所述悬臂为可伸缩式悬臂。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述激光发射器设置为多个，多个激光发射器从靠近悬臂远离基座的末端的位置依次排列。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述准备室设有第一墙壁，第一墙壁上设有与准直器的结构、尺寸完全相同的准直器模型，所述辅助定位器围绕准直器和/或准直器模型设置并安装于第一屏蔽壁和/或第一墙壁上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述准备室设有第一墙壁，第一墙壁上设有与准直器的结构、尺寸完全相同的准直器模型，所述辅助定位器安装于准直器和/或准直器模型上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述中子产生部包括用于加速带电粒子束的加速器、与带电粒子束反应生成中子束的中子束生成部及位于加速器与中子束生成部之间用于传输带电粒子束的带电粒子束传输部。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述基座和悬臂为长方体形状，所述第一屏蔽壁和第一墙壁上分别设有围绕准直器、准直器模型设置并将辅助定位器进行固定的固定部、定位部，设定XYZ坐标，Y轴平行于中子射束轴线，Z轴为相对于地面垂直的方向，X轴为与Y轴和Z轴正交的方向，固定部包括位于准直器正上方且平行X轴方向布置的第一固定部、位于准直器左侧且平行于轴布置的第二固定部及位于准直器右侧且平行于Z轴布置的第三固定部；定位部包括与第一、第二、第三固定部对应设置的第一、第二、第三定位部，第一、第二、第三固定部与第一、第二、第三定位部的结构、尺寸对应相同；分别以准直器在第一屏蔽壁上的投影的中心点和准直器模型在第一墙壁上的投影的中心点为基准点，则第一、第二、第三固定部的中心点与第一、第二、第三定位部的中心点的坐标值对应相同。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述基座为中空的圆柱体，所述悬臂为与基座垂直设置的六面体，所述第一屏蔽壁和第一墙壁上分别设有将辅助定位 器进行固定的固定部、定位部，设定XYZ坐标，Y轴平行于中子射束轴线，Z轴为相对于地面垂直的方向，X轴为与Y轴和Z轴正交的方向，固定部和定位部为分别以准直器在第一屏蔽壁上的投影的中心点和准直器模型在第一墙壁上的投影的中心点为圆心的尺寸完全相同的中空圆环。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述基座上设有供悬臂在圆周方向上滑动的环形轨道及将悬臂固定在选定位置的锁扣件，所述悬臂上设有与环形轨道配合的导向部及与锁扣件配合以将悬臂进行固定的锁止件。
  12. 根据权利要求6所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述基座通过可拆卸的连接方式固定到所述第一屏蔽壁和/或第一墙壁上。
  13. 根据权利要求7所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述基座通过可拆卸的连接方式固定到所述准直器和/或准直器模型上。
  14. 一种中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述中子捕获治疗系统包括照射室、准备室及设置于所述照射室和所述准备室内的辅助定位器，所述照射室设有供中子束射出的准直器，所述准备室设有与所述准直器的结构、尺寸完全相同的准直器模型，所述辅助定位器包括基座和自基座延伸的悬臂，所述悬臂上设有至少一个发射激光束的激光发射器，所述激光发射器的位置是可选择的，所述激光发射器与所述准直器之间的相对位置与所述激光发射器与所述准直器模型之间的相对位置一一对应。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述基座以可拆卸的连接方式固定到照射室和准备室。
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