WO2019119573A1 - 透明显示屏以及透明显示装置 - Google Patents

透明显示屏以及透明显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2019119573A1
WO2019119573A1 PCT/CN2018/072476 CN2018072476W WO2019119573A1 WO 2019119573 A1 WO2019119573 A1 WO 2019119573A1 CN 2018072476 W CN2018072476 W CN 2018072476W WO 2019119573 A1 WO2019119573 A1 WO 2019119573A1
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Prior art keywords
transparent
transparent display
light
display panel
panel
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PCT/CN2018/072476
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English (en)
French (fr)
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袁朝煜
黄翠
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武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2019119573A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019119573A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1313—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells specially adapted for a particular application
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G02F1/13318—Circuits comprising a photodetector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a transparent display screen, and to a transparent display device including the transparent display screen.
  • Transparent Display has attracted much attention as a new type of application that has emerged in recent years, which greatly expands the scene and scope of display applications.
  • a transparent display means that the display itself has a degree of penetration that clearly shows the background behind the panel.
  • the transparent display is suitable for a variety of applications such as building windows, car windows and shop windows. In addition to the original transparent display function, it also has potential for future development as an information display, which has attracted much attention from the market.
  • the present invention provides a transparent display screen capable of preventing external ambient light from penetrating the transparent display screen, effectively improving the contrast of the transparent display screen.
  • a transparent display screen includes a transparent display panel, the transparent display panel includes opposite display surfaces and a back surface, wherein the transparent display screen further includes a transparent light control panel, and the light control panel is located on the transparent display panel On the back side, the light control panel includes an optical medium layer capable of changing light transmittance for preventing external ambient light from entering the transparent display panel from the back surface.
  • the light control panel includes a transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode, the optical dielectric layer and a second transparent electrode which are sequentially disposed in a direction toward the transparent display panel, and further includes a first transparent electrode and a control unit electrically connected to the second transparent electrodes;
  • the optical medium layer is a liquid crystal layer, and the control unit applies a voltage to the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode to adjust the optical medium layer The rotation state of the liquid crystal, thereby changing the light transmittance of the light control panel.
  • a side of the light control panel facing the transparent display panel is further provided with a photosensitive element, the photosensitive element is electrically connected to the control unit, and the photosensitive element is used for detecting and capturing from the light control panel.
  • a light intensity signal of the transmitted light and fed back to the control unit, the control unit controlling a magnitude of a voltage applied to the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode according to the light intensity signal to The strong signal is controlled below a preset threshold.
  • the photosensitive element is a photoelectric sensor
  • the number of the photosensitive elements is plural
  • the plurality of photosensitive elements are arranged in a matrix array.
  • the material of the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode is ITO.
  • the transparent substrate is a flexible transparent substrate.
  • the transparent display panel is a transparent OLED display panel.
  • the OLED display panel comprises a base substrate and an OLED display unit and a thin film encapsulation layer formed on the base substrate, and the light control panel is adhered to the base substrate by an optical adhesive.
  • the OLED display unit comprises a thin film crystal array layer, an anode layer, an organic light emitting layer and a cathode layer which are sequentially formed on the base substrate.
  • the base substrate is a flexible base substrate.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a transparent display device including a driving unit and a transparent display screen as described above, the driving unit providing a driving signal to the transparent display screen to cause the transparent display screen to display an image .
  • the transparent display screen provided by the embodiment of the invention has a transparent light control panel disposed on the back surface of the transparent display panel, wherein the light control panel includes an optical medium layer capable of changing light transmittance, and is used for preventing external ambient light from being The back surface is incident on the transparent display panel, thereby preventing ambient light from penetrating the transparent display panel and ejecting from the display surface, thereby effectively improving the contrast of the transparent display screen.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary illustration of a distribution structure of a photosensitive member in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED display unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment provides a transparent display screen.
  • the transparent display screen includes a transparent display panel 1 and a transparent light control panel 2 .
  • the transparent display panel 1 includes an opposite display surface 1 a.
  • the back surface 1b, the light control panel 2 is located on the back surface 1b of the transparent display panel 1.
  • the light control panel 2 includes an optical medium layer 21 capable of changing the light transmittance, and is for preventing external ambient light from entering the transparent display panel 1 from the back surface 1b of the transparent display panel 1.
  • the transparent display panel 1 can be selected as a transparent organic electroluminescent diode (OLED) display panel or a liquid crystal display panel (LCD).
  • OLED transparent organic electroluminescent diode
  • LCD liquid crystal display panel
  • the transparent display panel 1 and the light control panel 2 are bonded to each other by the optical glue 3.
  • the light control panel 2 includes a transparent substrate 22, a first transparent electrode 23, an optical dielectric layer 21, and a second transparent electrode 24 which are sequentially disposed in a direction toward the transparent display panel 1. And further comprising a control unit 25 electrically connected to the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24, respectively.
  • the optical medium layer 21 is a liquid crystal layer
  • the control unit 25 applies a voltage to the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24 to adjust a rotation state of the liquid crystal in the optical medium layer 21,
  • changing the light transmittance of the light control panel 2 mainly by reducing the light transmittance, such that external ambient light incident from the side of the transparent substrate 22 cannot penetrate the optical medium layer 21 or
  • the light intensity that can be penetrated is small, and as a result, external ambient light cannot penetrate the transparent display panel 1 to reach its display surface 1a, thereby improving the contrast of the transparent display screen.
  • the magnitude of the voltage applied by the control unit 25 to the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24 may be adjusted according to the intensity of the external ambient light to obtain a suitable Light transmission rate.
  • the external ambient light is strong (for example, in an outdoor environment)
  • the voltage difference between the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24 is adjusted to be large, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is large.
  • Corresponding light transmittance is small, effectively preventing external ambient light from penetrating the light control panel 2.
  • the voltage difference between the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24 is adjusted to be small, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is small.
  • the corresponding light transmittance is relatively large, but since the external ambient light is weak, the external ambient light can be effectively prevented from penetrating the light control panel 2 at this time. It should be noted that when the external ambient light is weak, it is of course also possible to apply a large voltage difference so that the light transmittance is small.
  • the material of the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24 is indium tin oxide (ITO).
  • the transparent substrate 22 is a flexible transparent substrate, such as a flexible substrate formed using polyimide (PI).
  • a side of the light control panel 2 facing the transparent display panel 1 is further provided with a photosensitive element 26 , and the photosensitive element 26 and the control unit 25 .
  • the photosensitive element 26 is configured to detect a light intensity signal for acquiring light transmitted from the light control panel 2 and feed back to the control unit 25, and the control unit 25 controls the orientation according to the light intensity signal
  • the magnitude of the voltage applied by the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24 is used to control the light intensity signal below a predetermined threshold.
  • the photosensitive element 26 is disposed on a surface of the second transparent electrode 24 that faces the transparent display panel 1.
  • the photosensitive element 26 may be a photoelectric sensor.
  • the photosensitive element 26 it is possible to autonomously adjust the light transmittance of the light control panel 2 in real time. For example, in the initial environment, the ambient light is weak, and the light transmittance at this time is relatively large, but the light intensity signal of the light penetrating from the light control panel 2 does not exceed the threshold.
  • the light intensity signal detected by the photosensitive element 26 is greater than the threshold value and fed back to the control unit 25, and the control unit 25 automatically adjusts the application to the environment.
  • the voltages of the first transparent electrode 23 and the second transparent electrode 24 are sized to reduce the light transmittance until the light intensity signal detected by the photosensitive element 26 is less than a preset threshold. Thereby, the light transmittance of the light control panel 2 is adjusted in real time and autonomously to adapt to the current use environment.
  • the number of the photosensitive elements 26 is plural, and a plurality of the photosensitive elements 26 are arranged in a matrix array on the second transparent electrode 24. It should be noted that only a few photosensitive elements 26 are exemplarily shown in Fig. 2.
  • the transparent display panel 1 is a transparent OLED display panel.
  • the OLED display panel 1 includes a base substrate 11 and an OLED display unit 12 and a Thin Film Encapsulation (TFE) 13 formed on the base substrate 11 .
  • the thin film encapsulation layer 13 sealingly encapsulates the OLED display unit 12 on the base substrate 11 to block corrosion of water and oxygen in the external environment from penetrating the OLED display unit 12.
  • the base substrate 11 is selected as a flexible substrate, for example, a flexible substrate formed by using polyimide (PI).
  • PI polyimide
  • the light control panel 2 is attached to the base substrate 11 by an optical glue 3.
  • the OLED display unit 12 includes a thin film crystal array layer 121, an anode layer 122, an organic light emitting layer 123, a cathode layer 124, and the like, which are sequentially formed on the base substrate 11.
  • the thin film transistor array layer 121 is provided with a respective structural film layer such as a thin film transistor, a data line, and a scanning line.
  • the organic light-emitting layer 123 includes a Hole Transport Layer (HTL), an Emissive Layer (EML), and an Electro Transport Layer (ETL) formed by preparing an organic material.
  • HTL Hole Transport Layer
  • EML Emissive Layer
  • ETL Electro Transport Layer
  • the OLED display panel 1 further includes a touch panel (TP) 14 and a polarizer 15 , and the touch screen 14 and the polarizer 15 .
  • the film encapsulation layer 13 is sequentially disposed.
  • the embodiment further provides a transparent display device.
  • the transparent display device includes a driving unit 200 and a transparent display screen 100.
  • the driving unit 200 provides a driving signal to the transparent display screen 100.
  • the transparent display screen 100 is caused to display an image.
  • the transparent display screen 100 adopts the transparent display screen provided by the above embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving signals provided by the driving unit 200 include a display driving signal, a touch driving signal, and a control signal for controlling the light control panel 2.
  • the transparent display screen and the transparent display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention have a transparent light control panel disposed on the back surface of the transparent display panel, wherein the light control panel includes an optical medium layer capable of changing light transmittance. And for preventing external ambient light from entering the transparent display panel from the back surface, thereby preventing ambient light from penetrating the transparent display panel and emitting from the display surface, thereby effectively improving the contrast of the transparent display device.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
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Abstract

一种透明显示屏，包括透明显示面板，透明显示面板包括相对的显示面和背面，其中，透明显示屏还包括透明的光线控制板，光线控制板位于透明显示面板的背面，光线控制板中包含有能够改变光线透过率的光学介质层，用于阻止外部环境光从背面入射到透明显示面板，避免环境光穿透透明显示面板并从显示面射出，有效地提高了透明显示屏的对比度。一种透明显示装置，其包括驱动单元和透明显示屏，驱动单元向透明显示屏提供驱动信号，以使透明显示屏显示图像。

Description

透明显示屏以及透明显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种透明显示屏，还涉及包含所述透明显示屏的透明显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示器技术的发展，透明显示屏(Transparent Display)作为最近几年出现的新型应用备受人们关注，该技术大大扩展了显示应用的场景和范围。透明显示屏是指显示屏本身具有一定程度的穿透性，能够清楚地显示面板后方的背景。透明显示屏适用于建筑物窗户、汽车车窗与商店橱窗等多种应用，除了原有的透明显示功能以外，还具有未来可能作为信息显示器的发展潜力，因而备受市场关注。
透明显示屏存在的一个问题是：外部环境光可以从透明显示屏的背面入射并穿透到达显示面，当透明显示屏在显示图像时，若外界环境光较强时，人们会在显示屏上同时看到需要显示的图像、以及显示屏背面透过的物体的图像，两个图像发生重叠，会造成对比度较低，显示品质不佳。因此，如何提高透明显示屏的对比度是业内需要解决的问题。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种透明显示屏，其能够阻止外部环境光穿透透明显示屏，有效地提高了透明显示屏的对比度。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下的技术方案：
一种透明显示屏，包括透明显示面板，所述透明显示面板包括相对的显示面和背面，其中，所述透明显示屏还包括透明的光线控制板，所述光线控制板位于所述透明显示面板的背面，所述光线控制板中包含有能够改变光线透过率的光学介质层，用于阻止外部环境光从所述背面入射到所述透明显示面板。
其中，所述光线控制板包括按照朝向所述透明显示面板的方向依次设置的 透明衬底、第一透明电极、所述光学介质层和第二透明电极，还包括与所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极分别电连接的控制单元；所述光学介质层为液晶层，所述控制单元向所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极施加电压，以调节所述光学介质层中液晶的旋转状态，从而改变所述光线控制板的光线透过率。
其中，所述光线控制板的朝向所述透明显示面板的一侧还设置有感光元件，所述感光元件与所述控制单元电连接，所述感光元件用于检测获取从所述光线控制板穿透的光线的光强信号并反馈至所述控制单元，所述控制单元根据所述光强信号控制向所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极施加的电压大小，以将所述光强信号控制在预设的阈值以下。
其中，所述感光元件为光电传感器，所述感光元件的数量为多个，多个所述感光元件呈矩阵阵列排布。
其中，所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极的材料为ITO。
其中，所述透明衬底为柔性的透明衬底。
其中，所述透明显示面板为透明的OLED显示面板。
其中，所述OLED显示面板包括衬底基板和形成在所述衬底基板上的OLED显示单元和薄膜封装层，所述光线控制板通过光学胶贴合到所述衬底基板上。
其中，所述OLED显示单元包括依次形成在所述衬底基板上薄膜晶体阵列层、阳极层、有机发光层和阴极层。
其中，所述衬底基板为柔性的衬底基板。
本发明的另一方面是提供一种透明显示装置，其包括驱动单元和如上所述的透明显示屏，所述驱动单元向所述透明显示屏提供驱动信号，以使所述透明显示屏显示图像。
本发明实施例提供的透明显示屏，在透明显示面板的背面设置透明的光线控制板，所述光线控制板中包含有能够改变光线透过率的光学介质层，用于阻止外部环境光从所述背面入射到所述透明显示面板，由此可以避免环境光穿透所述透明显示面板并从显示面射出，有效地提高了透明显示屏的对比度。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的透明显示屏的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例中感光元件的分布结构的示例性图示；
图3是本发明实施例中的OLED显示单元的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。这些优选实施方式的示例在附图中进行了例示。附图中所示和根据附图描述的本发明的实施方式仅仅是示例性的，并且本发明并不限于这些实施方式。
在此，还需要说明的是，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本发明，在附图中仅仅示出了与根据本发明的方案密切相关的结构和/或处理步骤，而省略了与本发明关系不大的其他细节。
本实施例提供了一种透明显示屏，如图1所示，所述透明显示屏包括相对设置的透明显示面板1和透明的光线控制板2，所述透明显示面板1包括相对的显示面1a和背面1b，所述光线控制板2位于所述透明显示面板1的背面1b。所述光线控制板2中包含有能够改变光线透过率的光学介质层21，其用于阻止外部环境光从所述透明显示面板1的背面1b入射到所述透明显示面板1。其中，所述透明显示面板1可以选择为透明的有机电致发光二极管(OLED)显示面板或液晶显示面板(LCD)。
在本实施例中，如图1所示，所述透明显示面板1和所述光线控制板2通过光学胶3相互贴合。
具体地，参阅图1，所述光线控制板2包括按照朝向所述透明显示面板1的方向依次设置的透明衬底22、第一透明电极23、所述光学介质层21和第二透明电极24，还包括与所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24分别电连接的控制单元25。其中，所述光学介质层21为液晶层，所述控制单元25向所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24施加电压，以调节所述光学介质层21中液晶的旋转状态，从而改变所述光线控制板2的光线透过率，主要是通过减小光线透过率，使得从所述透明衬底22一侧入射的外部环境光无法穿透所述光学介质层21或者是可以穿透的光强很小，其结果是外部环境光无法穿透所述透明显示面板1到达其显示面1a，从而提高了透明显示屏的对比度。
其中，可以根据外部环境光的强度大小，调节所述控制单元25向所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24施加的电压大小(两个电极电压差的大小)，以获得合适的光线透过率。具体地，在外部环境光较强时(例如在室外环境中)，调节使得所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24的电压差较大，液晶层中液晶分子的偏转幅度大，对应的光线透过率很小，有效地阻止外部环境光穿透所述光线控制板2。而在外部环境光较弱时(例如在室内环境中)，调节使得所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24的电压差较小，液晶层中液晶分子的偏转幅度较小，对应的光线透过率相对稍大，但是由于外部环境光较弱，此时也能有效地阻止外部环境光穿透所述光线控制板2。需要说明的是，在外部环境光较弱时，当然也可以施加较大的电压差而使得光线透过率很小。
在本实施例中，所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24的材料为氧化铟锡(ITO)。所述透明衬底22为柔性的透明衬底，例如是采用聚酰亚胺(PI)制备形成的柔性衬底。
进一步地，在本实施例中，如图1所示，所述光线控制板2的朝向所述透明显示面板1的一侧还设置有感光元件26，所述感光元件26与所述控制单元25电连接，所述感光元件26用于检测获取从所述光线控制板2穿透的光线的光强信号并反馈至所述控制单元25，所述控制单元25根据所述光强信号控制向所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24施加的电压大小，以将所述光强信号控制在预设的阈值以下。具体地，所述感光元件26是设置在所述第二透明电极24的朝向所述透明显示面板1的表面上。
其中，所述感光元件26可以是光电传感器。通过设置感光元件26，可以实现实时自主地调整所述光线控制板2的光线透过率。例如，在初始时是在室内的环境，外部环境光较弱，此时的光线透过率相对较大，但是从所述光线控制板2穿透的光线的光强信号也没有超过阈值，在该透光条件下转移到室外的环境时，外部环境光较强，感光元件26检测到的光强信号大于阈值并反馈至所述控制单元25，所述控制单元25则相应自动调整施加在所述第一透明电极23和所述第二透明电极24的电压大小，以减小光线透过率直至感光元件26检测到的光强信号小于预设的阈值。由此实现了实时地、自主地调整所述光线控制板2的光线透过率，以适应于当前的使用环境。
进一步地，在本实施例中，如图2所示，所述感光元件26的数量为多个，多个所述感光元件26呈矩阵阵列排布在所述第二透明电极24上。需要说明的 是，图2中仅示例性地示出了若干个感光元件26。
在本实施例中，所述透明显示面板1为透明的OLED显示面板。具体地，如图1所示，所述OLED显示面板1包括衬底基板11和形成在所述衬底基板11上的OLED显示单元12和薄膜封装层(Thin Film Encapsulation，TFE)13。所述薄膜封装层13将所述OLED显示单元12密封地封装在所述衬底基板11上，以阻挡外部环境中的水和氧渗透到所述OLED显示单元12造成腐蚀。在优选的方案中，所述衬底基板11选择为柔性基板，例如是采用聚酰亚胺(PI)制备形成的柔性基板。所述光线控制板2通过光学胶3贴合到所述衬底基板11上。
其中，如图3所示，所述OLED显示单元12包括依次形成在所述衬底基板11上薄膜晶体阵列层121、阳极层122、有机发光层123和阴极层124等。其中，所述薄膜晶体管阵列层121中设置有薄膜晶体管、数据线和扫描线等各个结构膜层。所述有机发光层123则包括由有机材料制备形成的空穴传输功能层(Hole Transport Layer，HTL)、发光材料层(Emissive Layer，EML)以及电子传输功能层(Electron Transport Layer，ETL)等。
进一步地，在本实施例中，如图1所示，所述OLED显示面板1还包括触控屏(Touch Panel,TP)14和偏光片15，所述触控屏14和所述偏光片15依次设置在所述薄膜封装层13上。
本实施例还提供了一种透明显示装置，如图4所示，所述透明显示装置包括驱动单元200和透明显示屏100，所述驱动单元200向所述透明显示屏100提供驱动信号，以使所述透明显示屏100显示图像。其中，所述透明显示屏100采用了本发明如上实施例提供的透明显示屏。另外，所述驱动单元200提供的驱动信号包括显示驱动信号、触控驱动信号以及用于控制所述光线控制板2的控制信号。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的透明显示屏以及透明显示装置，在透明显示面板的背面设置透明的光线控制板，所述光线控制板中包含有能够改变光线透过率的光学介质层，用于阻止外部环境光从所述背面入射到所述透明显示面板，由此可以避免环境光穿透所述透明显示面板并从显示面射出，有效地提高了透明显示装置的对比度。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些 实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅是本申请的具体实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种透明显示屏，包括透明显示面板，所述透明显示面板包括相对的显示面和背面，其中，所述透明显示屏还包括透明的光线控制板，所述光线控制板位于所述透明显示面板的背面，所述光线控制板中包含有能够改变光线透过率的光学介质层，用于阻止外部环境光从所述背面入射到所述透明显示面板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述光线控制板包括按照朝向所述透明显示面板的方向依次设置的透明衬底、第一透明电极、所述光学介质层和第二透明电极，还包括与所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极分别电连接的控制单元；所述光学介质层为液晶层，所述控制单元向所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极施加电压，以调节所述光学介质层中液晶的旋转状态，从而改变所述光线控制板的光线透过率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述光线控制板的朝向所述透明显示面板的一侧还设置有感光元件，所述感光元件与所述控制单元电连接，所述感光元件用于检测获取从所述光线控制板穿透的光线的光强信号并反馈至所述控制单元，所述控制单元根据所述光强信号控制向所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极施加的电压大小，以将所述光强信号控制在预设的阈值以下。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述感光元件为光电传感器，所述感光元件的数量为多个，多个所述感光元件呈矩阵阵列排布。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极的材料为ITO。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述透明衬底为柔性的透明衬底。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述透明显示面板为透明的OLED显示面板。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述OLED显示面板包括衬底基板和形成在所述衬底基板上的OLED显示单元和薄膜封装层，所述光线控制板通过光学胶贴合到所述衬底基板上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述OLED显示单元包括依 次形成在所述衬底基板上薄膜晶体阵列层、阳极层、有机发光层和阴极层。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的透明显示屏，其中，所述衬底基板为柔性的衬底基板。
  11. 一种透明显示装置，包括驱动单元和透明显示屏，所述驱动单元向所述透明显示屏提供驱动信号，以使所述透明显示屏显示图像；所述透明显示屏包括透明显示面板，所述透明显示面板包括相对的显示面和背面，其中，所述透明显示屏还包括透明的光线控制板，所述光线控制板位于所述透明显示面板的背面，所述光线控制板中包含有能够改变光线透过率的光学介质层，用于阻止外部环境光从所述背面入射到所述透明显示面板。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述光线控制板包括按照朝向所述透明显示面板的方向依次设置的透明衬底、第一透明电极、所述光学介质层和第二透明电极，还包括与所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极分别电连接的控制单元；所述光学介质层为液晶层，所述控制单元向所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极施加电压，以调节所述光学介质层中液晶的旋转状态，从而改变所述光线控制板的光线透过率。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述光线控制板的朝向所述透明显示面板的一侧还设置有感光元件，所述感光元件与所述控制单元电连接，所述感光元件用于检测获取从所述光线控制板穿透的光线的光强信号并反馈至所述控制单元，所述控制单元根据所述光强信号控制向所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极施加的电压大小，以将所述光强信号控制在预设的阈值以下。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述感光元件为光电传感器，所述感光元件的数量为多个，多个所述感光元件呈矩阵阵列排布。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述第一透明电极和所述第二透明电极的材料为ITO。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述透明衬底为柔性的透明衬底。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述透明显示面板为透明的OLED显示面板。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述OLED显示面板包括衬底基板和形成在所述衬底基板上的OLED显示单元和薄膜封装层，所述光线控制板通过光学胶贴合到所述衬底基板上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述OLED显示单元包括依次形成在所述衬底基板上薄膜晶体阵列层、阳极层、有机发光层和阴极层。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的透明显示装置，其中，所述衬底基板为柔性的衬底基板。
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