WO2019114416A1 - 汽车、发动机燃烧系统及其气缸盖 - Google Patents

汽车、发动机燃烧系统及其气缸盖 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019114416A1
WO2019114416A1 PCT/CN2018/111291 CN2018111291W WO2019114416A1 WO 2019114416 A1 WO2019114416 A1 WO 2019114416A1 CN 2018111291 W CN2018111291 W CN 2018111291W WO 2019114416 A1 WO2019114416 A1 WO 2019114416A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
intake
cylinder head
air inlet
boss
combustion system
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PCT/CN2018/111291
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王家武
Original Assignee
广州汽车集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 广州汽车集团股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019114416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019114416A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4285—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of both intake and exhaust channel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B31/00—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder
    • F02B31/04—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder by means within the induction channel, e.g. deflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/26—Pistons  having combustion chamber in piston head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of automobiles, and in particular to an automobile, an engine combustion system and a cylinder head thereof.
  • Engine intake and combustion chambers are the main factors affecting engine intake and in-cylinder combustion.
  • the intake air volume of each cylinder of the engine is the premise to ensure the highest power of the engine; and the tumble ratio of the intake air of each cylinder directly affects the combustion performance of each cylinder of the engine.
  • the low tumble ratio will reduce the gas burning rate in the cylinder head. Affect the overall performance of the engine.
  • the shape of the combustion chamber of the cylinder head directly affects the efficiency of the combustion process within the cylinder. Therefore, reasonable engine intake and combustion chamber design can improve the flow of airflow during engine intake, improve the in-cylinder combustion rate, reduce engine fuel consumption, and improve engine performance under the premise that the flow coefficient has little effect.
  • the current engine intake port and the combustion chamber still have room for further improvement in structure.
  • the present invention provides a cylinder head of an engine combustion system
  • the cylinder head is provided with an intake passage and a combustion chamber upper chamber, and an end of the intake passage is provided with an air inlet
  • An air inlet passage communicates with the upper chamber of the combustion chamber through the air inlet
  • a side wall of the air inlet is provided with a concave arc concave toward a central axis of the air inlet at a position close to the air inlet
  • the inlet is provided with a boss for blocking a portion of the gas entering the upper chamber of the combustion chamber through the inlet, and the boss is disposed away from the concave arc surface of the inlet.
  • the intake port is equipped with an intake valve, and a mounting surface of the intake port that is in contact with the intake valve sealing surface is used as a reference surface, and the boss is in a direction along a central axis of the intake port. Highlights from the reference plane.
  • an edge surface flush with the reference surface is disposed in the vicinity of the air inlet, and the boss is provided with a sloped surface that smoothly transitions with the edge surface.
  • boss extends from the vicinity of one end side of the center line of the intake port to the vicinity of the other end side of the center line.
  • the cylinder head is provided with an intake side, and the intake side is provided with at least two adjacently disposed air inlets, the boss extending from the edge side of one air inlet to the other air inlet The edge side of the mouth.
  • the present invention also provides an engine combustion system including an intake valve, a spark plug, and the above-described cylinder head, the intake valve being installed at the air inlet, and the spark plug being installed at the installation The spark plug mounting hole on the cylinder head.
  • the engine combustion system further includes a piston disposed under the cylinder head, and a top of the piston is provided with a recess corresponding to the upper chamber of the combustion chamber.
  • the cylinder head is further provided with an exhaust port and an exhaust passage, the exhaust port communicating the exhaust passage with the upper chamber of the combustion chamber, and the exhaust port is provided with exhaust gas door.
  • the present invention also provides an automobile including the above-described engine combustion system.
  • the cylinder head of the present invention is provided with an intake passage and an upper chamber of the combustion chamber, and a side wall of the intake passage is provided with a concave arc concave toward the central axis of the intake passage at a position close to the intake port.
  • the concave curved surface structure guides the airflow from the one side of the air inlet, so that the flow of the airflow on one side of the air inlet is smoother, and the combustion efficiency of the mixed gas in the cylinder can be accelerated.
  • the air inlet of the present invention is provided with a boss on the edge side of the concave arc surface away from the air inlet, and when the intake valve at the air inlet is opened to a certain extent, the boss can By obstructing the action of the gas, effectively reducing the amount of intake air entering the cylinder combustion chamber from the edge portion of the inlet port away from the concave arc surface of the intake passage, which can improve the tumble flow of the gas in the cylinder;
  • the concave curved surface of the side wall of the intake port is skillfully combined such that a flow of air smoothly flowing through one side of the concave curved surface can be from the inlet side of the concave side of the concave arc surface of the inlet passage
  • the rapid influx allows the airflow entering the cylinder combustion chamber to form a high-intensity tumble flow, further accelerating the combustion efficiency of the mixed gas in the cylinder, and improving the overall performance of the engine.
  • the volume of the cavity on the combustion chamber can be effectively reduced, so that when the compression ratio is constant, the groove can be provided with space conditions for the design of the top of the piston, and the energy can be applied through the pit. Concentrate the combustion volume directly below the spark plug to promote combustion.
  • the combustion chamber volume is increased (the compression ratio is reduced), and on the other hand, the volume of the combustion chamber is increased to a greater extent. Concentrated near the spark plug, thereby reducing the propagation distance of the combustion flame and further promoting the burning rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the engine combustion system according to the embodiment of the present invention taken along a central axis of the intake port and the exhaust port.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the engine combustion system of the embodiment of the present invention taken along a section passing through the center of the spark plug mounting hole and perpendicular to the reference axis.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an intake passage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bottom surface of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an engine combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • spark plug 1, intake port, 11, concave arc surface, 2, air inlet, 3, exhaust, 4, exhaust, 5, intake valve, 6, exhaust valve, 7, the upper chamber of the combustion chamber, 8, spark plug mounting holes, 9, boss, 10, datum, 100, cylinder head, 200, piston, 201, pit, 300, spark plug.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an engine combustion system including a cylinder head 100, an intake valve 5, and a spark plug 300.
  • the cylinder head 100 is provided with an intake passage 1 and a combustion chamber.
  • the cavity 7 and the spark plug mounting hole 8, the end of the air inlet 1 is provided with an air inlet 2, and the air inlet 1 communicates with the upper chamber 7 of the combustion chamber through the air inlet, and the side wall of the air inlet 1 is close to
  • the position of the air inlet 2 is provided with a concave curved surface 11 concave to the central axis L1 of the air inlet 1; the air inlet 2 is provided with a hole for blocking the upper chamber of the combustion chamber through the air inlet 1
  • a boss 9 of a portion of the gas of the body 7 is disposed away from the concave curved surface 11 of the inlet passage 1.
  • the concave curved surface 11 structure can guide the airflow from the one side of the air inlet 2, and make the flow of the airflow on one side of the air inlet 2 smoother, and can accelerate the combustion efficiency of the mixed gas in the cylinder.
  • the airflow direction of Figure 1 When the intake valve 5 at the intake port 2 is opened to a certain extent, the side of the intake valve 5 near the above-mentioned boss 9 is blocked by the boss 9 due to the obstruction of the above-mentioned boss 9, so that the side The amount of intake air is small, and the other side of the intake valve 5 that is not blocked by the boss 9 is opened large, and the airflow mainly enters through the side (specifically, the arrow shown in FIG.
  • the boss 9 is ingeniously combined with the concave curved surface 11 of the side wall of the air inlet 1 so that airflow smoothly passing through one side of the concave curved surface 11 can be obtained from the air inlet 2 Rapid influx on the edge side of the concave curved surface 11 adjacent to the intake passage 1, thereby allowing the airflow entering the cylinder combustion chamber to form a high-intensity tumble flow, further accelerating the combustion efficiency of the mixed gas in the cylinder, and improving the overall engine efficiency. performance.
  • the intake port 2 is equipped with an intake valve 5, and an assembly plane in which the intake port 2 is in contact with the intake valve sealing surface is used as a reference surface 10, and the boss 9 is along the intake air
  • the reference plane 10 protrudes in the direction of the center axis of the track.
  • the air inlet 2 is provided beside the spark plug mounting hole 8, and the air inlet 2 is provided with a boss 9 on the edge side away from the spark plug mounting hole 8, and the boss 9 is along the center axis L2 of the air inlet 1.
  • the intake valve 5 is mounted at the air inlet 2, and the spark plug 300 is mounted to the spark plug mounting hole 8.
  • the maximum height of the boss 9 protruding from the reference surface 10 is 1-3 mm, so that the airflow entering the combustion chamber can form a larger tumble ratio, so that the combustion efficiency is at a higher level. .
  • An edge surface flush with the reference surface 10 is disposed in the vicinity of the air inlet 2, and the boss 9 is provided with a slope that smoothly transitions with the edge surface, so that the air inlet 2 is The intake air is more stable.
  • boss 9 extends from the vicinity of one end side of the center line of the intake port 2 to the vicinity of the other end side of the center line.
  • the cylinder head 100 is provided with an intake side, and the intake side is provided with at least two adjacently disposed intake ports 2, and the bosses 9 extend from the edge side of one intake port 2 to another The edge side of the port 2 is.
  • the intake side of the embodiment has a reference axis L3, the intake port 2 is provided on the intake side, and the center of the intake port 2 is on the reference axis L3; the intake port 2 is a circular opening with the circle
  • the diameter of the port overlapping the reference axis line L3 is used as a reference diameter, and the boss 9 extends from the vicinity of one end side of the reference diameter to the vicinity of the other end side of the reference diameter.
  • the boss 9 can effectively reduce the amount of intake air entering the cylinder combustion chamber from the edge portion of the air inlet 2 away from the concave curved surface 11, and reduce the volume of the combustion chamber edge of the cylinder head portion, which can be the following piston
  • the design of the dimple 201 at the top of the 200 provides more space so that the volume of the entire combustion chamber is mainly concentrated near the spark plug mounting hole 8, thereby improving combustion efficiency.
  • the distribution of the above-mentioned bosses 9 can be set according to the requirements of the actual tumble ratio.
  • each of the intake ports 2 is disposed on the same side of the cylinder head 100 (ie, the intake side), and two adjacent intake ports 2 are respectively Referring to the first air inlet and the second air inlet, the boss 9 extends from the edge side of the first air inlet to the edge side of the second air inlet, and on the one hand, the above-mentioned obstacle to gas entry can be achieved. On the other hand, it is easier to manufacture. It is to be noted that, in the present embodiment, the number of the intake ports 2 provided on the cylinder head 100 is not limited to the above.
  • the cylinder head 100 is further provided with an exhaust passage 3, and an end portion of the exhaust passage 3 is provided with an exhaust port 4 communicating with the exhaust passage 3, and the intake passage 1 is connected to the intake port
  • the intake valve 5 is disposed at the intake port 2
  • the exhaust valve 6 is disposed at the exhaust port 4, so that the intake port 1 can be closed or opened by the action of the intake valve 5 described above, through the exhaust
  • the function of the door 6 can close or open the exhaust passage 3.
  • both the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6 include a valve portion and a telescopic rod connected to the corresponding valve portion, and the valve portion of the intake valve 5 is mounted to the above-mentioned intake port 2, and the intake valve 5
  • the telescopic rod is bored in the cylinder head 100, the valve portion of the exhaust valve 6 is attached to the exhaust port 4, and the telescopic rod of the exhaust valve 6 is also inserted into the cylinder head 100.
  • the engine combustion system of the present embodiment further includes a piston 200 disposed under the cylinder head 100, and a top portion of the piston 200 is provided with a recess 201 corresponding to the upper chamber 7 of the combustion chamber;
  • the combustion chamber volume is increased (the compression ratio is reduced), and on the other hand, the volume of the combustion chamber is concentrated to a greater extent near the spark plug 300, thereby reducing the propagation distance of the combustion flame, further promoting Burning rate.
  • a lower chamber of the combustion chamber (not shown) is further disposed under the cylinder head 100, and the lower chamber of the combustion chamber cooperates with the upper chamber 7 of the combustion chamber to form a common body.
  • the combustion chamber is disposed, and the piston 200 is disposed in the lower chamber of the combustion chamber, and the recess 201 of the piston 200 and the upper chamber 7 of the combustion chamber constitute a concentrated area of the combustion chamber volume.
  • the size of the top pit 201 of the piston 200 may be determined according to the degree of reduction of the combustion chamber volume by the boss 9 and the magnitude of the compression ratio of the engine.
  • the boss 9 in the combustion chamber, the concave curved surface 11 of the intake passage 1, and the recess 201 at the top of the piston 200 complement each other.
  • the boss 9 since the boss 9 reduces the volume of the cavity 7 on the combustion chamber, there is a space condition in which the recess 201 is provided at the top of the piston 200; and the concave arc of the intake passage 1
  • the surface 11 guides the airflow from the one side of the air inlet 2, and cooperates with the boss 9 in the combustion chamber to greatly increase the roll ratio, so that the combustion volume is concentrated near the spark plug 300, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the engine.
  • Fresh air is introduced into the intake passage 1, and an oil mist sprayed from the injector (not shown) inside the intake passage 1 forms an oil and gas mixture.
  • the intake valve 5 is opened, the piston 200 is descended, and then the oil and gas mixture is introduced into the combustion chamber through the intake port 2; due to the concave arc surface 11 provided on the intake passage 1 and the edge side of the intake port 2
  • the boss 9 can form a high-intensity tumble flow, and the high-intensity tumble flow can generate high kinetic energy in the combustion chamber; after that, the piston 200 upwardly compresses the high-intensity tumble flow, and during the compression, due to the piston
  • the engagement between the recess 201 provided on the top of the 200 and the upper chamber 7 of the combustion chamber enables the volume of the combustion chamber to be concentrated to a greater extent in the vicinity of the spark plug 300, thereby enabling the combustion efficiency to be accelerated; then, the spark plug 300 is ignited and ignited.
  • the high-intensity tumble flow the combustion expansion of the gas flow pushes the piston 200 to work, and the piston 200 moves upward after the work is performed; and the exhaust gas is exhausted through the exhaust port 4 and the exhaust pipe 3; thereby achieving one combustion of the engine process.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an automobile including the above-described engine combustion system; since the combustion efficiency of the engine combustion system is high, it is advantageous to reduce the fuel consumption of the automobile, thereby reducing the cost of the user.
  • first, second, and the like are used in the present invention to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.
  • first information may also be referred to as “second” information
  • second information may also be referred to as “first” information, without departing from the scope of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

一种汽车、发动机燃烧系统及其气缸盖（100），所述气缸盖（100）设有进气道（1）和燃烧室上腔体（7），所述进气道（1）的端部设有进气口（2），所述进气道（1）通过所述进气口（2）与所述燃烧室上腔体（7）相通，所述进气道（1）的侧壁在靠近所述进气口（2）的位置设置有凹向所述进气道（1）中心轴线（L1）的凹弧面（11），所述进气口（2）上设有用于阻挡经所述进气道（1）进入所述燃烧室上腔体（7）的一部分气体的凸台（9），所述凸台（9）远离所述进气道（1）的凹弧面（11）设置，所述凸台（9）与凹弧面（11）巧妙地结合，可使得进入气缸燃烧室内的气流形成高强度滚流，进一步加速气缸内混合气体的燃烧效率，提高发动机的整体性能；而且凸台（9）会减小燃烧室上腔体（7）容积，在压缩比一定时，可给活塞（200）顶部上设计的凹坑（201）预留空间。

Description

汽车、发动机燃烧系统及其气缸盖 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车领域，尤其涉及一种汽车、发动机燃烧系统及其气缸盖。
背景技术
发动机进气道及燃烧室是影响发动机进气量和缸内燃烧的主要因素。发动机各缸的进气量是保证发动机最高功率实现的前提；而各缸进气的滚流比又直接影响发动机各缸缸内燃烧性能，滚流比低会使气缸盖内气体燃烧速率降低，影响发动机整体性能。气缸盖的燃烧室形状直接影响着气缸内燃烧过程的效率。因此，合理的发动机进气道及燃烧室设计，在流量系数影响不大的前提下，能提高发动机进气时气流的滚流，提高缸内燃烧速率，降低发动机油耗，提高发动机性能。为提高气缸内气体的燃烧效率，目前的发动机进气道和燃烧室在结构上仍有进一步改进的空间。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够提升进气气流的滚流、提高气缸内气体燃烧效率和降低发动机油耗的汽车、发动机燃烧系统及其气缸盖。
为达到上述目的，本发明提出了一种发动机燃烧系统的气缸盖，所述气缸盖设有进气道和燃烧室上腔体，所述进气道的端部设有进气口，所述进气道通过所述进气口与所述燃烧室上腔体相通，所述进气道的侧壁在靠近所述进气口的位置设置有凹向所述进气道中心轴线的凹弧面,所述进气口上设有用于阻挡经所述进气道进入所述燃烧室上腔体的一部分气体的凸台,所述凸台远离所述进气道的凹弧面设置。
进一步地，所述进气口上装配有进气门,以所述进气口与进气门密封面相接触的装配面作为基准面，所述凸台在沿所述进气道中心轴线的方向上突出于所述基准面。
进一步地，所述进气口附近设有与所述基准面平齐的边缘面,所述凸台上设有与所述边缘面平滑过渡的斜面。
进一步地，所述凸台自所述进气口的中心线的一个端侧附近延伸至所述中心线的另一个端侧附近。
进一步地，所述气缸盖设有进气侧，所述进气侧上设有至少两个相邻设置的进气口,所述凸台由一进气口的边缘侧延伸至另一进气口的边缘侧。
进一步地，所述进气道侧壁的与所述凹弧面相邻的部位与所述凹弧面之间为平滑过渡。
为达到上述相同目的，本发明还提供一种发动机燃烧系统，包括进气门、火花塞以及上述的气缸盖，所述进气门安装于所述进气口处，所述火花塞安装于设在所述气缸盖上的火花塞安装孔处。
进一步地，所述发动机燃烧系统还包括有活塞，所述活塞设于所述气缸盖的下方，且所述活塞的顶部设有与所述燃烧室上腔体相对应的凹坑。
进一步地，所述气缸盖还设有排气口和排气道，所述排气口将所述排气道与所述燃烧室上腔体相连通，所述排气口处设有排气门。
为达到上述相同目的，本发明还提供一种汽车，其包括上述的发动机燃烧系统。
实施本发明实施例，具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明的气缸盖设有进气道和燃烧室上腔体，所述进气道的侧壁在靠近所述进气口的位置设置有凹向所述进气道中心轴线的凹弧面，该凹弧面结构引导气流从进气口的其中一侧进气，使得气流在进气口的其中一侧的流动更加顺畅，能够加速气缸内混合气体的燃烧效率。
2、本发明的所述进气口在远离所述进气道的凹弧面的边缘侧设有凸台，当进气口处的进气门开启到一定程度时，所述凸台能够起到阻碍气体的作用，有效减小从进气口远离所述进气道的凹弧面的边缘部位进入气缸燃烧室的进气量，能够提高气体在气缸内的滚流；所述凸台与所述进气道侧壁的凹弧面巧妙地结合，使得顺畅流经所述凹弧面的一侧的气流能够从所述进气口在靠近所述进气道的凹弧面的边缘侧快速涌入，由此可使得进入气缸燃烧室内的气流形成高强度滚流，进一步加速气缸内混合气体的燃烧效率，提高发动机的整体性能。此外，增设所述凸台，可以有效减小燃烧室上腔体的容积，从而在压缩比一定的情况下，可以给所述活塞顶部设计凹坑提供空间条件，进而通过所述凹坑作用能将燃烧容积更集中于火花塞正下方，促进燃烧。
3、在本发明的发动机燃烧系统中，由于活塞的顶部设有凹坑，则其一方面增大了燃烧室容积(减小了压缩比)，另一方面使得燃烧室的容积更大程度地集中在火花塞附近，由此减小了燃烧火焰的传播距离，进一步促进了燃烧速率。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例所述的发动机燃烧系统沿所述进气口和所述排气口的中心轴线进行剖切的剖面图。
图2是本发明实施例所述的发动机燃烧系统沿穿过所述火花塞安装孔的中心并垂直于所述基准轴线的剖切面进行剖切的剖面图。
图3是本发明实施例所述的进气道的结构示意图。
图4是本发明实施例所述的气缸盖的底部面示意图。
图5是本发明实施例所述的发动机燃烧系统的剖切结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、进气道，11、凹弧面，2、进气口，3、排气道，4、排气口，5、进气门，6、排气门，7、燃烧室上腔体，8、火花塞安装孔，9、凸台，10、基准面，100、气缸盖，200、活塞，201、凹坑，300、火花塞。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1至图5，本发明实施例提出了一种发动机燃烧系统，该发动机燃烧系统包括气缸盖100、进气门5和火花塞300，该气缸盖100设有进气道1、燃烧室上腔体7和火花塞安装孔8，进气道1的端部设有进气口2，且进气道1通过进气口与燃烧室上腔体7相通，进气道1的侧壁在靠近所述进气口2的位置设置有凹向进气道1中心轴线L1的凹弧面11；所述进气口2上设有用于阻挡经所述进气道1进入所述燃烧室上腔体7的一部分气体的凸台9,所述凸台9远离所述进气道1的凹弧面11设置。
基于该结构，凹弧面11结构能引导气流从进气口2的其中一侧进气，并使 得气流在进气口2的其中一侧的流动更加顺畅，能够加速气缸内混合气体的燃烧效率，如附图1的气流方向所示。当进气口2处的进气门5开启到一定程度时，由于上述凸台9的阻碍作用，进气门5周围靠近上述凸台9的一侧被该凸台9所遮挡，从而该侧进气量较小，而没有被凸台9遮挡的进气门5的另一侧开启较大，气流主要通过该侧进入(具体可图5所示的箭头)，能够形成高强度滚流。由此，通过上述凸台9的作用，能够有效减小从进气口2远离所述进气道1的凹弧面11的边缘部位进入气缸燃烧室的进气量，能够提高气体在气缸内的滚流；所述凸台9与所述进气道1侧壁的凹弧面11巧妙地结合，使得顺畅流经所述凹弧面11的一侧的气流能够从所述进气口2在靠近所述进气道1的凹弧面11的边缘侧快速涌入，由此可使得进入气缸燃烧室内的气流形成高强度滚流，进一步加速气缸内混合气体的燃烧效率，提高发动机的整体性能。
进一步地，所述进气口2上装配有进气门5,以所述进气口2与进气门密封面相接触的装配平面作为基准面10，所述凸台9在沿所述进气道中心轴线的方向上突出于所述基准面10。在本实施例中，进气口2设于火花塞安装孔8的旁边，进气口2在远离火花塞安装孔8的边缘侧设有凸台9，凸台9在沿进气道1中心轴线L2的方向上凸出于上述基准面10，进气门5安装于上述进气口2处，火花塞300安装于上述火花塞安装孔8处。
优选地，所述凸台9相对于所述基准面10突出的最大高度为1-3毫米，从而能够使进入燃烧室内的气流形成较大的滚流比，使燃烧效率处在较高的水平。
其中，所述进气口2附近设有与所述基准面10平齐的边缘面,所述凸台9上设有与所述边缘面平滑过渡的斜面，从而使得所述进气口2的进气更为稳定。
进一步地，所述凸台9自所述进气口2的中心线的一个端侧附近延伸至所述中心线的另一个端侧附近。所述气缸盖100设有进气侧，所述进气侧上设有至少两个相邻设置的进气口2,所述凸台9由一进气口2的边缘侧延伸至另一进气口2的边缘侧。本实施例的进气侧具有基准轴线L3，进气口2设于该进气侧，且进气口2的中心在基准轴线L3上；该进气口2为圆形口，以该圆形口与上述基准轴线L3相重合的直径作为基准直径，上述凸台9由该基准直径的一个端侧附近延伸至该基准直径的另一个端侧附近。因而，该凸台9能够有效减小从进气口2远离所述凹弧面11的边缘部位进入气缸燃烧室的进气量，并缩小缸盖部分燃烧室边缘的容积，可为下述活塞200顶部的凹坑201的设计提供更大的空 间，使得整个燃烧室的容积主要集中在火花塞安装孔8附近，以此可提高燃烧效率。当然，上述凸台9的分布可以根据实际滚流比的要求来进行设置。另外，本实施例所示出的进气口2为两个，各进气口2均设于气缸盖100的同一侧(即上述进气侧)，将两个相邻的进气口2分别记为第一进气口和第二进气口，上述凸台9由第一进气口的边缘侧延伸至第二进气口的边缘侧，则其一方面能够实现上述阻碍气体进入的目的，另一方面还更便于生产制造。需要指出的是，在本实施例中，气缸盖100上所设置的进气口2的数量并不受上述限制。
在本实施例中，所述进气道侧壁的与所述凹弧面相邻的部位与所述凹弧面之间为平滑过渡，从而使得进气道的气流流动更为顺畅。所述进气道在所述凹弧面处形成引导气流在气缸内形成高滚流的结构。通过所述凹弧面与所述凸台9的设置相配合，能够大大提高滚流比。
在本实施例中，气缸盖100还设有排气道3，且排气道3的端部设有与该排气道3相通的排气口4，进气道1则与上述进气口2相连通，进气门5设置于进气口2处，排气门6设置于排气口4处，因而通过上述进气门5的作用能够关闭或打开进气道1，通过上述排气门6的作用能够关闭或打开排气道3。这里需要指出的是，进气门5和排气门6均包括阀门部以及与相应阀门部相连的伸缩杆，且进气门5的阀门部安装于上述进气口2，进气门5的伸缩杆穿设于气缸盖100中，排气门6的阀门部安装于上述排气口4，排气门6的伸缩杆也穿设于气缸盖100中。
进一步地，本实施例的发动机燃烧系统还包括有活塞200，该活塞200设于气缸盖100的下方，且活塞200的顶部设有与上述燃烧室上腔体7相对应的凹坑201；因而，其一方面增大了燃烧室容积(减小了压缩比)，另一方面使得燃烧室的容积更大程度地集中在火花塞300附近，由此减小了燃烧火焰的传播距离，进一步促进了燃烧速率。要指出的是，在本实施例中，在气缸盖100下方还设有燃烧室下腔体(图中未示出)，该燃烧室下腔体与上述燃烧室上腔体7相配合共同构成燃烧室，而活塞200设置于燃烧室下腔体中，且活塞200的凹坑201与燃烧室上腔体7构成燃烧室容积的集中区。另外，还要指出的是，活塞200顶部凹坑201的大小，可根据凸台9带来的燃烧室容积减小的程度和发动机压缩比的大小而定。
在本实施例中，燃烧室内的凸台9、进气道1的凹弧面11以及活塞200顶 部的凹坑201三者相辅相成。在确保燃烧室容积一定的情况下，由于所述凸台9减小了燃烧室上腔体7的容积，则才有空间条件在活塞200顶部设置凹坑201；而进气道1的凹弧面11引导气流从进气口2的其中一侧进气，配合燃烧室内的凸台9，能大大提高滚流比，使燃烧容积集中在火花塞300附近，进而能提高发动机的燃烧效率。
本实施例的发动机燃烧系统的工作过程如下：
新鲜空气通入进气道1内，在进气道1内部与喷油器(图中未示出)喷出的油雾形成油气混合物。此时，进气门5打开，活塞200下行，之后油气混合物经过进气口2导入至燃烧室内；由于进气道1上所设置的凹弧面11以及进气口2边缘侧上所设置的凸台9，可形成高强度滚流的气流，该高强度滚流的气流能够在燃烧室内形成高湍动能；之后，活塞200上行压缩高强度滚流的气流，且在压缩过程中，由于活塞200顶部上所设置的凹坑201与燃烧室上腔体7之间配合，能够使燃烧室的容积更大程度地集中在火花塞300的附近，从而，能够加速燃烧效率；然后，火花塞300点火点燃上述高强度滚流的气流，该气流燃烧膨胀推动活塞200做功，活塞200对外做功后再次上行；而燃烧的废气则通过上述排气口4和排气道3排出；由此实现发动机的一次燃烧过程。
此外，本发明实施例还提供一种汽车，该汽车包括上述的发动机燃烧系统；由于该发动机燃烧系统的燃烧效率高，则有利于降低该汽车的油耗，进而能够降低用户的成本。
应当理解的是，本发明中采用术语“第一”、“第二”等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语，这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，“第一”信息也可以被称为“第二”信息，类似的，“第二”信息也可以被称为“第一”信息。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发动机燃烧系统的气缸盖，其特征在于，所述气缸盖设有进气道和燃烧室上腔体，所述进气道的端部设有进气口，所述进气道通过所述进气口与所述燃烧室上腔体相通，所述进气道的侧壁在靠近所述进气口的位置设置有凹向所述进气道中心轴线的凹弧面,所述进气口上设有用于阻挡经所述进气道进入所述燃烧室上腔体的一部分气体的凸台,所述凸台远离所述进气道的凹弧面设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的气缸盖，其特征在于，所述进气口上装配有进气门,以所述进气口与进气门密封面相接触的装配面作为基准面，所述凸台在沿所述进气道中心轴线的方向上突出于所述基准面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的气缸盖，其特征在于，所述进气口附近设有与所述基准面平齐的边缘面,所述凸台上设有与所述边缘面平滑过渡的斜面。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的气缸盖，其特征在于，所述凸台自所述进气口的中心线的一个端侧附近延伸至所述中心线的另一个端侧附近。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的气缸盖，其特征在于，所述气缸盖设有进气侧，所述进气侧上设有至少两个相邻设置的进气口,所述凸台由一进气口的边缘侧延伸至另一进气口的边缘侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的气缸盖，其特征在于，所述进气道侧壁的与所述凹弧面相邻的部位与所述凹弧面之间为平滑过渡。
  7. 一种发动机燃烧系统，其特征在于，包括进气门、火花塞以及如权利要求1至6任一项所述的气缸盖，所述进气门安装于所述进气口处，所述火花塞安装于设在所述气缸盖上的火花塞安装孔处。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的发动机燃烧系统，其特征在于，还包括有活塞，所述活塞设于所述气缸盖的下方，且所述活塞的顶部设有与所述燃烧室上腔体相对应的凹坑。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的发动机燃烧系统，其特征在于，所述气缸盖还设有排气口和排气道，所述排气道通过所述排气口与所述燃烧室上腔体相连通，所述排气口处设有排气门。
  10. 一种汽车，其特征在于，包括如权利要求7-9任一项所述的发动机燃烧系统。
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