WO2019112462A1 - Установка для переработки радиоактивных отходов - Google Patents
Установка для переработки радиоактивных отходов Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019112462A1 WO2019112462A1 PCT/RU2017/000914 RU2017000914W WO2019112462A1 WO 2019112462 A1 WO2019112462 A1 WO 2019112462A1 RU 2017000914 W RU2017000914 W RU 2017000914W WO 2019112462 A1 WO2019112462 A1 WO 2019112462A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- module
- installation
- radioactive waste
- control module
- under item
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008275 solid aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002900 solid radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010891 toxic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/14—Processing by incineration; by calcination, e.g. desiccation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/18—Arrangements of dust collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/21—Arrangements of devices for discharging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/26—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/28—Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/02—Treating gases
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/308—Processing by melting the waste
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/32—Processing by incineration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0009—Monitoring the pressure in an enclosure or kiln zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0012—Monitoring the composition of the atmosphere or of one of their components
- F27D2019/0015—Monitoring the composition of the exhaust gases or of one of its components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D2021/0007—Monitoring the pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D2021/0057—Security or safety devices, e.g. for protection against heat, noise, pollution or too much duress; Ergonomic aspects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of nuclear energy and can be used for the processing of radioactive waste of low and medium activity levels, in particular of reactors of the type VVER, RBMK and other nuclear power plants.
- a device for processing radioactive and toxic waste containing cellulose, polymers, rubber, PVC, as well as non-combustible impurities, such as glass and metals, with subsequent melting of the resulting combustion products to obtain a monolithic product (RF patent N 2107347) is known.
- the disadvantages of the known device is the low performance of the loading system, a large volume of flue gases, an insufficient degree of purification of exhaust gases from aerosols and radionuclides, the absence of an automatic or automated mode of processing radioactive waste.
- the closest analogue of the claimed invention is an installation for the processing of radioactive waste, described in the description of the invention to RF patent Ne 2320038, containing a waste loading unit, a plasma shaft furnace with a melter in the bottom of the furnace and a slag discharge unit connected to the slag melt receiving box, the device for supplying air to the furnace and the pyrogas combustion chamber, an evaporative heat exchanger for a sharp decrease in the temperature of the exhaust gases, a gas cleaning system containing a bag filter, a heat exchange device Facilities and scrubber, pumps and tanks for reagents and products of processing, fittings.
- the disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to make changes and readjustment of the processing of radioactive waste, depending on the type of waste, low processing efficiency radioactive waste and reduced wear resistance due to the use of critically high technological parameters.
- the problem solved by the claimed invention is the expansion of functionality, increasing the durability and efficiency of the installation.
- the technical result of the invention is to provide an adaptive mode of operation of the installation, in which radioactive waste of different levels of activity are processed in automatic or automated modes, while increasing the durability of the installation.
- the control module of the slag discharge unit may include a digital video camera, a temperature sensor of the discharged slag, optical control sensors installed inside the box sections for receiving slag melt, and light elements containing light columns and emergency button.
- the module for monitoring the state of the internal environment may include at least one sensor for temperature, pressure, vacuum, and flow.
- the equipment status module includes at least one valve position sensor and pump operation.
- the gas analytical module may include sensors measuring the concentration of gases: oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, total nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and total hydrocarbons, while the gas analytical module can be installed with the ability to monitor the composition of pyrogas in a gas duct between the plasma shaft furnace and the combustion chamber, and / or control of flue gas in the gas duct between the combustion chamber and the evaporative heat exchanger, and / or at the outlet of the installation.
- the control module can be equipped with information storage means and information output means in the form of a display, the control module is made in the form of a controller and / or a computer, and the inputs of the control module can be electrically connected to the outputs of the control module of the slag discharge unit, the control module of the internal state, module the state of the equipment and at least one gas analysis module, and the outputs of the control module can be electrically connected to the electrical inputs of the waste loading unit; a shaft furnace, a slag melting box and a device for supplying air to the furnace and to the pyrogas combustion chamber.
- the waste loading unit can be equipped with a loading bunker and a conveyor connected to it, and the loading bunker can be equipped with at least one waste presence sensor and at least two hermetic slide gates, a heat shield and a loading nozzle.
- the plasma shaft furnace can be equipped with centrifugal-jet nozzles of emergency irrigation installed in its upper part.
- the pyrogas combustion chamber can be equipped with a prechamber and a plasma torch mounted in the lid of the prechamber, as well as an additional input of the air supply unit.
- the gas cleaning system can be additionally equipped with a filter-separator and at least one fine filter.
- the plasma shaft furnace and the combustion chamber can be equipped with a gas exhaust line equipped with emergency gas ejection valves and an emergency absorption cleaning system, and the slag discharge unit can contain a drain unit with a central hole and a stopper.
- Plasma shaft furnace can be made detachable and equipped with at least one plasma generator with power from 80 to 170 kW, and the melter of the plasma shaft furnace can be mounted for movement, and the connection between the slag discharge unit and the box for receiving slag melt can also be detachable.
- the waste loading unit can be equipped with a nozzle for supplying liquid combustible radioactive waste to a plasma shaft furnace.
- At least one control module allows you to automate the process of processing radioactive waste.
- FIG. The general scheme of the installation for the processing of radioactive waste is presented.
- the radioactive waste processing unit includes a waste loading unit 1, a plasma shaft furnace 2 with a melter 3 in its bottom part and a slag discharge unit 4 connected to a box 5 for receiving slag melt, a device 6 for supplying air to the furnace 2 and an incineration chamber 7 pyrogas, evaporative heat exchanger 8 for a sharp decrease in the temperature of exhaust gases, gas cleaning system 9 and valves (not shown in the figure).
- the gas cleaning system 9 comprises a bag filter 10, a heat exchange device 11 and a scrubber 12, pumps 13 and tanks 14 for reagents and processed products.
- the installation for processing radioactive waste also includes a control module 15 and a slag discharge unit 4 that is electrically connected to it, a slag discharge unit 17, an internal environment condition monitoring unit 17, an equipment condition module 18 and a gas analysis module 19.
- the control module 15 is electrically connected to the electrical equipment of the node 1 waste loading, plasma shaft furnace 2, box 5 for receiving slag melt, and electrical equipment of device 6 for supplying air to furnace 2 and to pyrogas combustion chamber 7.
- the control unit 16 of the slag discharge unit 4 is electrically connected to the electrical equipment of the slag discharge unit 4 and may include a digital video camera, a temperature sensor for the discharged slag, optical control sensors (not shown in the figure) installed inside the box 5 for receiving slag melt, light elements alarms, including light columns and emergency button.
- the module 17 for monitoring the state of the internal environment includes at least one temperature, pressure, vacuum and flow sensor (not shown).
- the equipment condition module 18 includes at least one valve position sensor and pump operation (not shown in the figure).
- Gas analysis module 19 contains sensors measuring the concentration of gases: concentrations of oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, total nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and total hydrocarbons (not shown in the figure).
- the sensors measure the concentration of gases gas analytical module 19 can be installed with the ability to control the composition of pyrogas in the duct between the plasma shaft furnace 2 and the combustion chamber 7, and / or control the flue gas in the duct between the combustion chamber 7 and the evaporative heat exchanger 8, and / or exit from the installation for processing radioactive waste.
- the control module 15 is equipped with information storage means and information output means in the form of a display, and a controller and / or a computer is used as the control module 15.
- the inputs of the control module 15 are electrically connected to the outputs of the module 16 of the control unit 4 slag discharge, module 17 control the state of the internal environment, module 18 of the equipment and gas analysis module 19, and the outputs of the control module 15 are electrically connected to the inputs of the electrical equipment node 1 waste loading, plasma shaft furnace 2, a box 5 for receiving slag melt and a device 6 for supplying air to the furnace 2 and to the pyrogas combustion chamber 7.
- the waste loading unit 1 is equipped with a loading hopper 20 and a conveyor 21 connected to it, the loading hopper 20 being equipped with at least one waste presence sensor 22 and at least two sealed slide gates 23, a heat shield 24 and a loading nozzle 25
- Plasma shaft furnace 2 is equipped with centrifugal-jet nozzles 26 emergency irrigation installed in its upper part.
- the pyrogas combustion chamber 7 is provided with a pre-chamber 27 and a plasma torch 28 mounted in the lid of the pre-chamber 27.
- the pyrogas combustion chamber 7 may be additionally equipped with a device input
- the input from the air supply unit 6 can be made at the level of the pyrogas supply to the prechamber 27, and the additional input of the air supply unit 6 is installed in the upper part of the main volume of the pyrogas combustion chamber 7.
- Air intake b the device 6 for supplying air to the plasma shaft furnace 2 is located in its lower part.
- the gas cleaning system 9 can be additionally equipped with a filter-separator 29 and at least one fine filter 30, as well as gas mixers 31 and exhaust fans 32.
- the plasma shaft furnace 2 and the pyrogas combustion chamber 7 are provided with a gas exhaust line 33, equipped with valves 34 for emergency gas release and an emergency absorption cleaning system.
- Slag drain assembly 4 comprises a drain unit 35 with a central opening and a stopper.
- Plasma shaft furnace 2 is made detachable and provided with at least one plasma generator 36 with a capacity of 80 to 170 kW, and the melter 3 of the plasma shaft furnace 2 is mounted for movement and can be placed, for example, on a movable carriage.
- the connection between the slag discharge unit 4 and the box 5 for receiving slag melt is also made detachable.
- Node 1 loading waste can be equipped with a nozzle for supplying liquid combustible radioactive waste into a plasma shaft furnace 2.
- the device 6 for supplying air to the furnace 2 and the pyrogas combustion chamber 7 contains blowing fans.
- the installation is as follows. Solid radioactive waste packed in Kraft bags is sent to waste loading unit 1, where workers are successively placed on conveyor 21 and then fed to loading hopper 20. By giving commands to the control module 15 to the waste loading unit 1, packaged radioactive waste is delivered to the plasma mine furnace 2. Plasma shaft furnace 2 ensures the passage of all stages of conversion of radioactive waste (drying, pyrolysis, oxidation of the coke residue and slag melting) with The quality of products of slag melt and pyrolysis gas processing. The temperature control of all stages of the conversion of radioactive waste is controlled by the control module 15. Blowing air is supplied through the inlets of the device 6 for supplying air to the furnace 2 and the pyrogas combustion chamber 7, and the direction of flow of the blown air can be regulated using dampers.
- Slag melt accumulates in the melter 3.
- the heating of the melter 3 provides at least one plasma generator 36 with a capacity of 80 to 170 kW.
- the slag melt through the slag discharge unit 4 is discharged into a sealed box 5 for receiving the slag melt.
- the operation of the slag discharge unit 4 is controlled by the control unit 16 of the slag discharge unit 4, which, in turn, is controlled by the control module 15.
- the molten slag is collected in metal containers with their subsequent aging and cooling.
- the containers filled with slag are removed from the box 5 for receiving the slag melt and are loaded by the manipulator into the non-returnable protective container, the control and monitoring of the equipment of the slag discharge unit 4 is also carried out using the control module 15.
- a plasma torch 28 serves as a source of heating in the pyrogas combustion chamber 7.
- two fuel nozzles are used (not shown in the figure), which accelerate the heating of the pyrogas combustion chamber 7 and suppress nitrogen oxides generated by at least one plasma torch 28.
- the operation of the fuel injectors is provided by diesel fuel supply systems and compressed air supply.
- blown air is supplied through the inlets of the air supply unit 6.
- the exhaust gases enter the bag filter 10, where the main fraction of solid aerosol (dust) particles is collected.
- the flue gases that have been cleaned in the bag filter 10 are directed to a scrubber 12, in which the downward gas stream is intensively irrigated with a 4% alkaline solution.
- the exhaust gases are cooled to a temperature of plus (50 ⁇ 5) ° C and further purified from acidic gases and aerosols.
- the waste gases after the scrubber 12 are cooled to plus 25 - 35 ° C in the tube space of the heat exchanging device 11.
- the separation of the cooled waste gases and condensed moisture is carried out in the filter separator 29.
- the exhaust gases are cleaned on filters fine cleaning 30 and further exhaust fans 32 are sent to the ventilation pipe.
- Gas analysis modules 19 are stationary systems of continuous action and are designed to measure the concentration of 0 2
- the measurement method for measuring channels CO, ⁇ 0 2 , ⁇ 4 and S0 2 is infrared absorption, for measuring channels NO, N0 2 and NO x is chemiluminescent, for measuring channel ⁇ is flame ionization.
- the method of sampling is compulsory, with the help of its own expense driver.
- the sampling system ensures that the sample is cleaned from mechanical impurities, water vapor for measuring channels CO, ⁇ 0 2 , S0 2 , ⁇ 4 and 0 2 , feeding the sample into the measuring channel without condensing water vapor and feeding the sample to the measuring channel ⁇ at a temperature of (190 ⁇ 10) ° ⁇ .
- the equipment is controlled and monitored using the control module 15 connected to the internal environment monitoring module 17, which in turn is electrically connected to the internal environment monitoring sensors (not shown).
- Information about the state of the internal environment is displayed on the screen of the module 17 control the status of the internal environment.
- the operation of the equipment condition module 18 depends on the information transmitted by the internal environment control module 17 to the control module 15, where, according to the algorithms embedded in the control module 15, corresponding control electrical signals are generated, which are sent to the equipment status module 18.
- the equipment condition module 18, in accordance with the algorithms laid down generates a corresponding control electrical signal aimed at controlling the corresponding equipment.
- the internal environment monitoring sensors record information on the achievement of the necessary internal environment parameters, which is fed to the internal environment state control module 17.
- the module 17 for monitoring the state of the internal environment captures information about the achievement of the required parameters of the internal environment and transmits to the control module 15 a corresponding signal about the achievement of the necessary parameters of the internal environment.
- the control module 15, having received such a signal sends a command to the equipment condition module 18 to stop the impact on the equipment.
- the use of the present invention allows to provide an adaptive mode of operation of an installation for the processing of radioactive waste and to increase the durability and efficiency of the installation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA3024945A CA3024945C (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | Radioactive waste recycling plant |
US16/306,421 US20210225545A1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | Radioactive Waste Recycling Plant |
EP17909659.9A EP3723102A4 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | UNIT FOR RECOVERY FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTE |
BR112018074971-0A BR112018074971B1 (pt) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | Instalação para processamento de resíduos radioativos |
MYPI2018002285A MY193019A (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | Radioactive waste recycling plant |
EA201992867A EA201992867A1 (ru) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | Установка для переработки радиоактивных отходов |
KR1020187034746A KR102272664B1 (ko) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | 방사성 폐기물의 재활용 장치 |
JP2018562975A JP6781774B2 (ja) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | 放射性廃棄物リサイクル施設 |
UAA201811804A UA124578C2 (ru) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | Установка для переработки радиоактивных отходов |
CN201780032552.2A CN110121750B (zh) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | 放射性废物处理装置 |
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RU2017142623A RU2667149C1 (ru) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Установка для переработки радиоактивных отходов |
RU2017142623 | 2017-12-06 |
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WO2019112462A1 true WO2019112462A1 (ru) | 2019-06-13 |
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PCT/RU2017/000914 WO2019112462A1 (ru) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-08 | Установка для переработки радиоактивных отходов |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20210225545A1 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP3723102A4 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP6781774B2 (ru) |
KR (1) | KR102272664B1 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN110121750B (ru) |
CA (1) | CA3024945C (ru) |
EA (1) | EA201992867A1 (ru) |
MY (1) | MY193019A (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2667149C1 (ru) |
UA (1) | UA124578C2 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2019112462A1 (ru) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU2684610C1 (ru) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-04-10 | Акционерное Общество "Российский Концерн По Производству Электрической И Тепловой Энергии На Атомных Станциях" (Ао "Концерн Росэнергоатом") | Установка электрохимической дезактивации металлических радиоактивных отходов |
CN110715296B (zh) * | 2019-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 山西方洁路路通净化技术有限公司 | 负压无烟筒式焚烧系统 |
CN114608309B (zh) * | 2022-03-18 | 2024-04-19 | 烟台百川汇通科技有限公司 | 一种氢氧化铝球的节能分段焙烧炉及其焙烧工艺 |
CN114941959B (zh) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-04 | 秦皇岛信能能源设备有限公司 | 一种基于轮毂产线的余热热岛系统 |
CN117232271B (zh) * | 2023-08-16 | 2024-03-15 | 云南云帆有色金属股份有限公司 | 一种矿热电炉用除尘系统及其使用方法 |
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RU120278U1 (ru) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-09-10 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Промышленная Компания "Технология Металлов" | Плавильный агрегат для переработки твердых радиоактивных отходов |
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-
2017
- 2017-12-06 RU RU2017142623A patent/RU2667149C1/ru active IP Right Revival
- 2017-12-08 MY MYPI2018002285A patent/MY193019A/en unknown
- 2017-12-08 CA CA3024945A patent/CA3024945C/en active Active
- 2017-12-08 UA UAA201811804A patent/UA124578C2/ru unknown
- 2017-12-08 CN CN201780032552.2A patent/CN110121750B/zh active Active
- 2017-12-08 WO PCT/RU2017/000914 patent/WO2019112462A1/ru unknown
- 2017-12-08 EA EA201992867A patent/EA201992867A1/ru unknown
- 2017-12-08 JP JP2018562975A patent/JP6781774B2/ja active Active
- 2017-12-08 EP EP17909659.9A patent/EP3723102A4/en active Pending
- 2017-12-08 US US16/306,421 patent/US20210225545A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-12-08 KR KR1020187034746A patent/KR102272664B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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See also references of EP3723102A4 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR102272664B1 (ko) | 2021-07-06 |
BR112018074971A2 (pt) | 2019-09-03 |
JP2020507741A (ja) | 2020-03-12 |
UA124578C2 (ru) | 2021-10-13 |
EP3723102A1 (en) | 2020-10-14 |
CA3024945A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
CN110121750A (zh) | 2019-08-13 |
JP6781774B2 (ja) | 2020-11-04 |
RU2667149C1 (ru) | 2018-09-17 |
US20210225545A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
EP3723102A4 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
CN110121750B (zh) | 2023-06-02 |
KR20200016159A (ko) | 2020-02-14 |
CA3024945C (en) | 2021-10-19 |
MY193019A (en) | 2022-09-22 |
EA201992867A1 (ru) | 2020-04-01 |
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