WO2019105746A1

WO2019105746A1 - Battery housing for a vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2019105746A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/081358
Authority: WO
Inventors: Daniel Nierhoff
Original assignee: Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag; Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date: 2017-11-28
Filing date: 2018-11-15
Publication date: 2019-06-06
Also published as: DE102017221260A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery housing (1) for accommodating battery modules (20), in particular for an electrically driven vehicle or a vehicle having a hybrid drive, and to the use of the battery housing (1) according to the invention.

Description

BATTERY HOUSING FOR A VEHICLE

Technical area

The present invention relates to a battery housing for an electrically driven vehicle or for a vehicle with hybrid drive and a use of the battery housing according to the invention.

Technical background

The increasing or prolonged electrification of vehicles, in particular of automobiles, and the simultaneous customer request for long ranges of such vehicles, requires the development of high-performance battery concepts. In particular, battery housing, which receive the battery modules or in which the battery modules are received, usually have a substantial extent in the transverse and longitudinal direction of the vehicle and are mounted centrally, in particular below the passenger compartment below the vehicle floor panel. Among other things, the battery housing protects the battery modules against damage as well as dissipates the heat generated by the battery modules during the drive of the vehicle. This results in complex requirements with regard to the factors installation space, crash performance, weight, tightness, etc.

In particular, the protection of the battery modules from penetrating from below foreign bodies is due to their particularly exposed position on the vehicle floor of great importance. For a good utilization of the available installation space, the distance between the sensitive battery modules and the first or bottom floor of the housing is typically less than 25 mm. Penetrating debris must therefore be decelerated rapidly over very short distances before the battery modules are damaged and a critical short circuit can occur. For this purpose, different concepts using an underrun protection are shown in the prior art. As a rule, these consist of a cassette-type supporting structure made up of longitudinal and / or transverse support elements and a plate which terminates at the bottom and made of a material which is in particular highly load-bearing, such as steel.

The cassette-type, supporting structure of longitudinal and / or transverse support elements known from the prior art between a lower floor (underrun protection) of the housing and the floor (intermediate floor) of the housing provides the deformation space required in the event of a crash for the protection of the sensitive battery modules at a load from below. The arrangement of these longitudinal and / or cross member elements therefore usually depends on the overlying division of the battery elements within the housing. In the design of corresponding longitudinal and / or cross member elements, which are preferably formed as profiles and are used in the deformation space, therefore, various requirements must be met and thus made compromises, such as:

- They must have the highest possible (bending) stiffness and thus a high wall thickness and / or profile cross sections as well as a plastic deformation to be used as late as possible under load. In this way, the available deformation space under load is utilized as well as possible;

- a large width of the profiles has a positive effect on the (bending) rigidity and supports the false floor against intrusion;

- they must not be too wide so that the required space remains below the battery module;

- The advantageous for a good utilization of the deformation space, particularly rigid profiles tend under a load of the exposed underrun protection surfaces to a little energy-absorbing torque transmission in the overlying housing structure. Due to the global load and / or torsion, the battery modules can be damaged by the directly adjacent, deforming components, such as intermediate floor, longitudinal and / or transverse support elements between the battery modules, etc., without that available deformation space has already been fully utilized;

- In general, a low weight is desirable.

From the prior art, for example, downwardly or upwardly open, hutprofilar- term carrier with vertical or oblique sides are known. There are still closed or T or double T-shaped profiles known. When designing all components involved in the crash from below, it is necessary to fine-tune the aforementioned requirements.

Summary of the invention

The invention is thus based on the object to provide a battery housing, in particular for an electrically driven vehicle, which essentially fulfills the aforementioned requirements.

This object is achieved by a battery housing with the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and variants of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below.

According to the invention, a battery housing for accommodating battery modules, in particular for an electrically driven vehicle or a vehicle with hybrid drive, is provided

a box with a frame and a first floor providing an interior area,

at least one upper longitudinal beam and / or at least one upper transverse beam, which is arranged in the inner region of the box and form compartments for receiving the battery modules,

a second floor, which is arranged at a distance from the first floor and forms a deformation space between it and the first floor,

at least one lower side member and / or at least one lower cross member, which is designed as a profile with a bottom region, frame region and optional flange region and is arranged in the deformation space,

a lid for closing the box,

wherein the frame region of the lower longitudinal member and / or the lower cross member has at least one step.

The aforementioned, partially contradictory requirements can be met particularly advantageously by introducing at least one step (per frame side) into the frame region of the lower longitudinal member and / or the lower cross member. The at least one step is in particular designed so that the remaining bottom width of the lower longitudinal and / or cross member profile is not wider than the gap between the two battery modules above it. The remaining floor width of the lower longitudinal and / or transverse beam profile is preferably as large as the width of the upper longitudinal and / or transverse beam profile. The at least one step in the frame area increases the (bending) stiffness in the longitudinal direction. It can also with appropriate design at the same time as a touch-up aid for an incipient plastic deformation in overloading in the z-direction of the vehicle NEN. In this way, it is possible to selectively reduce the crash energy and thereby shift the resulting deformation into a range, so that the battery modules are initially not impaired. A global bending and / or torsion of the overlying structure (first floor, upper longitudinal member and / or cross member, cover) can be significantly weakened, thereby reducing the risk of damaging the battery modules. neighboring components (first floor, upper side member and / or cross member) can be reduced. The step does not necessarily have to be rectangular, but can also assume other angles, in particular on the basis of the design or geometry of the frame area.

According to a first embodiment, the lower side member and / or the lower cross member is arranged in the deformation space such that the optional flange portion is in contact with the second bottom and the bottom portion is in contact with the first bottom. Particularly preferably, the optional flange area with the second bottom and / or the bottom portion with the first bottom non-positively and / or materially connected. The profile which is open at the bottom can advantageously be joined to the second base with the two flanges (flange area). Alternatively, it is possible to dispense with the flanges, so that the lower side member and / or lower cross member is joined to the second bottom in the T-joint. The bottom region of the lower longitudinal member and / or lower cross member may be positively joined to the first base, for example by screws or welding studs fastened in advance to the first base.

According to a further embodiment, the Zargenbereich the lower side member and / or the lower cross member may have a plurality of stages. Due to the number of stages, in particular two or more per frame side, targeted gradual influence on the deformation behavior as a function of the surrounding housing design can be taken, so that damage to the battery modules can be prevented as far as possible.

According to a further embodiment, the step or the steps in the Zargenbereich the lower side member and / or the lower cross member is arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically. The arrangement can be individually adapted to the required needs.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the lower side member is disposed below the upper side member and / or the lower cross member below the upper cross member. This advantageous arrangement prevents the load on the first floor from being transmitted directly to the battery modules in the event of an impact from below, as would be the case if the lower longitudinal and / or lower cross members below the battery modules are at height the deformation space would be arranged. Preferably, the width of the bottom portion of the lower longitudinal member and / or the lower cross member equal to or less than the width of the upper longitudinal member and / or the upper cross member, so that a force transmission in a load only in the designated upper structure (upper longitudinal and / or upper cross member) and not in the laterally arranged battery module takes place. The torque transmission and thus the global bending and / or torsion can be kept low due to the small leverage.

According to a further embodiment, the width, in particular the entire width of the lower longitudinal member and / or the lower cross member is greater than the width of the upper longitudinal member and / or the upper cross member to support the second bottom against intrusion. In particular, in connection with the at least one step in the Zargenbe- rich remains the necessary space below the battery modules even with a twist.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a use of a battery housing according to the invention in an electrically driven vehicle or a vehicle with hybrid drive, in particular a passenger vehicle, commercial vehicle, special vehicle, preferably bus, bus, a track-bound vehicle, preferably tram or person-conveying Wagon.

Brief description of the drawings

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals. In detail show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a battery case of the prior art and

2 shows a schematic sectional view of a battery housing according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of the Preferred Embodiments

In Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a section through a known from the prior art battery housing is shown. The battery housing (1), which is provided for an electrically driven vehicle or a vehicle with hybrid drive (not shown), in particular an electrically driven passenger vehicle or hybrid powered vehicle, comprises a box with a frame and a first floor (2 ), which one an inner region (3), at least one upper longitudinal member (4) and / or at least one upper cross member (5), which is arranged in the inner region (3) of the box and form compartments (6) for receiving the battery modules (20) a second floor (7), which is arranged at a distance from the first floor (2) and forms a deformation space (8) between itself (7) and the first floor (2), at least one lower side rail (9) and or at least one lower cross member (10), which is designed as a profile with a bottom region (9.1, 10.1), frame region (9.2, 10.2) and optional flange region (9.3, 10.3) and is arranged in the deformation space (8) , and a lid (11) for closing the box. FIG. 1 shows the final state after a simulated load by a foreign body (12), which has acted from below on the battery housing (1) or on the second floor (7). By the action of the foreign body (12), the second bottom (7) is so intruded into the deformation space (8) that there is a bending and / or torsion of the remaining components (2, 4, 5, 11), which is good at the curved cover (11) can be seen, and it comes to a contact with the first floor (2), so that a slight intrusion of the first floor (2) in the interior (3) and related damage to the battery module (20) and thus the risk of a short circuit can no longer be ruled out.

In Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a section through a battery housing according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. In contrast to the embodiment known from the prior art, the frame region (9.2, 10.2) of the lower longitudinal member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) has at least one step (9.21, 10.21). As shown in Figure 1, a simulated load was performed by a foreign body (12) in the embodiment according to the invention, which has acted on the bottom of the battery housing (1) or on the second floor (7) with the same parameters. The intrusion of the second floor (7) into the deformation space (8) has been reduced compared to the known embodiment and bending and / or torsion of the remaining components (2, 4, 5, 11) can be substantially prevented. Damage to the battery module (20) can be prevented by the provision of at least one step (9.21, 10.21) in the frame area (9.2, 10.2) of the at least one lower longitudinal member (4) and / or the at least one cross member (5). It can be a step (9.21, 10.21) or several stages per side frame, which can be arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically depending on the design in the frame area (9.2, 10.2). The lower side member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) is arranged in the deformation space (8) such that the optional flange portion (9.3, 10.3) with the second bottom (7) and the bottom portion (9.1, 10.1) is in contact with the first floor (2), particularly preferably the optional flange area (9.3, 10.3) with the second floor (7) and / or the floor area (9.1, 10.1) with the first floor (2) non-positively and / or materially connected. Alternatively and not shown here can be dispensed with the flanges (Flanschebreich), so that the frames (Zargenbereich) of the lower longitudinal member and / or lower cross member with the first bottom (2) non-positively and / or materially connected. Preferably, the lower side member (9) below the upper side member (4) and / or the lower cross member (10) below the upper cross member (5) is arranged. The width of the bottom region (9.1, 10.1) of the lower longitudinal support (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) is equal to or less than the width of the upper longitudinal member (4) and / or the upper cross member (5). In the illustrated embodiment, the upper longitudinal member (4) and / or upper cross member (5) is formed as a hat-shaped profile, so that the width of the upper longitudinal member (4) and / or the upper cross member (5) also includes the flange. Preferably, the width of the lower longitudinal member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10), which also includes the flange portion (9.3, 10.3), greater than the width of the upper longitudinal member (4) and / or the upper cross member (5) ,

The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown, but the individual features can be combined with one another as desired. The upper side member and / or upper cross member is not limited to a particular hat-shaped profile. Rather, other profile cross sections can be used accordingly. Particularly preferably, the battery housing according to the invention can be used in passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, trucks, special vehicles, buses, buses, whether with hybrid or pure electric drive, but also in track-bound vehicles, such as trams or passenger-carrying wagons.

Claims

claims

1. Battery housing (1) for receiving battery modules (20), in particular for an electrically driven vehicle or a vehicle with F hybrid drive comprising

a box with a frame and a first floor (2), which provides an interior area (3),

- at least one upper longitudinal member (4) and / or at least one upper cross member (5) which is arranged in the inner region (3) of the box and form compartments (6) for receiving the battery modules (20),

a second floor arranged at a distance from the first floor and forming a deformation space between the floor and the first floor;

- At least one lower side member (9) and / or at least one lower cross member (10), which as a profile with a bottom portion (9.1, 10.1), frame portion (9.2, 10.2) and optional flange (9.3, 10.3) is formed and is arranged in the deformation space (8),

a lid (11) for closing the box,

characterized in that

the frame region (9.2, 10.2) of the lower longitudinal member (9) and / or of the lower transverse member (10) has at least one step (9.21, 10.21).

2. Battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower side member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) is arranged in the deformation space (8) such that the optional flange portion (9.3, 10.3) with the second bottom (7 ) and the bottom area (9.1, 10.1) is in contact with the first floor (2).

3. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Zargenbereich (9.2, 10.2) of the lower longitudinal member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) has a plurality of stages.

4. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the step (9.21, 10.21) or steps in the Zargenbereich (9.2, 10.2) of the lower longitudinal member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) is arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically or are.

5. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower longitudinal carrier (9) below the upper longitudinal member (4) and / or the lower cross member (10) below the upper cross member (5) is arranged.

6. Battery housing according to claim 5, characterized in that the width of the bottom region (9.1, 10.1) of the lower longitudinal member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) is equal to or less than the width of the upper longitudinal member (4) and / or the upper cross member (5).

7. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width of the lower longitudinal member (9) and / or the lower cross member (10) is greater ßer than the width of the upper longitudinal member (4) and / or the upper cross member ( 10).

8. Use of a battery housing according to one of claims 1 to 7 in passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, trucks, special vehicles, buses, buses, whether with hybrid or pure electric drive, but also in track-bound vehicles, such as trams or Personenbefördernden.