WO2019105487A1 - 差动保护方法和系统 - Google Patents

差动保护方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019105487A1
WO2019105487A1 PCT/CN2018/124264 CN2018124264W WO2019105487A1 WO 2019105487 A1 WO2019105487 A1 WO 2019105487A1 CN 2018124264 W CN2018124264 W CN 2018124264W WO 2019105487 A1 WO2019105487 A1 WO 2019105487A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slave
channel
target
host
communication path
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PCT/CN2018/124264
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵萍
何文其
沈一平
张弛
裘愉涛
徐华
徐晓春
李皓
郑远德
周再兵
黄镇
王康
吴坚
朱涛
谈浩
李奔
赵青春
朱晓彤
周晨
应国德
秦zheng
Original Assignee
国网浙江省电力有限公司台州供电公司
国家电网有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 国网浙江省电力有限公司台州供电公司, 国家电网有限公司 filed Critical 国网浙江省电力有限公司台州供电公司
Priority to US16/616,080 priority Critical patent/US10847968B2/en
Publication of WO2019105487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019105487A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/50—Systems for transmission between fixed stations via two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of differential protection technology, for example, to a differential protection method and system.
  • the mainstream method of the longitudinal current differential is the sampling time adjustment method, and it is difficult to find that the transmission and reception delay of any one of the multi-terminal T-connection transmission lines is inconsistent.
  • the present application provides a multi-terminal T-connection transmission for monitoring the channel transmission and reception delay of the host and the target slave by adding a channel between the target slave and the slave, and acquiring the time difference based on the increased channel acquisition time difference.
  • Differential protection methods and systems for lines are provided.
  • the present application provides a differential protection method, which is applicable to a multi-terminal T-connection transmission line
  • the multi-terminal T-connection transmission line includes a host and a plurality of slaves, and the host is connected to any end of the multi-terminal T transmission line.
  • the differential protection method includes: connecting the host to the plurality of slaves, Selecting two slaves that do not have a connection relationship to connect to build a slave unit; one slave of the slave unit as a target slave, and another slave in the slave unit as an auxiliary slave,
  • the target slave communicates with the host through channel one
  • the master and the auxiliary slave communicate through channel two
  • the auxiliary slave communicates with the target slave through channel three
  • the communication is formed along the connection direction of channel one, channel two and channel three.
  • the channel serves as the first communication path, and the communication channel formed along the connection direction of the channel 3, the channel 2, and the channel 1 serves as the second communication path; the target slave sends two frames of packets, the first frame of the message
  • the first communication path is transmitted to the target slave, the target slave acquires the first communication path transmission delay in the first communication path transmission process, and the second frame message is transmitted to the target via the second communication path.
  • the target slave acquires the second communication path transmission delay in the second frame transmission process through the second communication path; and determines the delay according to the difference between the first communication path transmission delay and the second communication path transmission delay Poor, when the delay difference is greater than the preset difference, the master and the target slave alarm, the target slave exits the differential protection mode; when the delay difference is less than the preset difference, the master and the target slave enter the differential protection mode .
  • the present application further provides a differential protection system, which is applicable to a multi-terminal T-connection transmission line
  • the multi-terminal T-connection transmission line includes a host and a plurality of slaves
  • the host is the multi-terminal T-connected transmission line.
  • a protection device connected at either end, the plurality of slaves being protection devices connected to other ends than the one end
  • the differential protection system comprising: a dividing unit configured to connect the host with the plurality of The slaves are connected, and two slaves that do not have a connection relationship are selected among the plurality of slaves to be connected to construct a unit.
  • the communication unit is configured to use one slave in the slave unit as the target slave, and the other slave in the slave unit as the auxiliary slave.
  • the target slave communicates with the host through the channel one, and the master and the auxiliary slave pass through the channel. 2.
  • the auxiliary slave communicates with the target slave through channel three, and the communication channel formed along the connection direction of channel 1, channel 2, and channel 3 is used as the first communication path, and will be connected along channel 3, channel 2, and channel 1.
  • the communication channel formed by the direction serves as the second communication path.
  • the acquiring unit is configured to send two frames of packets to the target slave, and the first frame message is transmitted to the target slave through the first communication path, and the target slave obtains the first message in the first communication path transmission process.
  • the communication path is delayed in transmission and reception, and the second frame message is transmitted to the target slave via the second communication path, and the target slave acquires the second communication path transmission delay in the second frame transmission through the second communication path.
  • the determining unit is configured to determine a delay difference according to a difference between the first communication path sending and receiving delay and the second communication path sending and receiving delay, and when the delay difference is greater than the preset difference, the host and the target slave alarm, the target slave The differential protection mode is exited; when the delay difference is less than or equal to the preset difference, the master and the target slave enter the differential protection mode.
  • FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a host and a slave unit provided by the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of a host and a separate slave provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a differential protection system provided by the present application.
  • the application provides a differential protection method, which is suitable for a multi-terminal T-connection transmission line, and the multi-terminal T-connection transmission line includes a host and a plurality of slaves, and the host is a protection device for connecting any end of the multi-terminal T transmission line, and a plurality of The slave device is a protection device connected to other ends than any one end.
  • the differential protection method includes steps 1 to 4.
  • step 1 the host is connected to the plurality of slaves, and the two slaves that do not have the connection relationship are selected among the plurality of slaves to connect to construct the slave unit;
  • step 2 it is determined that one slave in the slave unit is the target slave, and the other slave in the slave unit is the slave slave.
  • the target slave communicates with the master through channel one, and the master and the slave slave pass through channel two.
  • the communication, the auxiliary slave and the target slave communicate through the channel three, and the communication channel formed along the connection direction of the channel 1, the channel 2 and the channel 3 is taken as the first communication path, and the channel 3, the channel 2 and the channel 1 are connected.
  • the communication channel acts as a second communication path.
  • step 3 the target slave sends two frames of messages, and the first frame message is transmitted to the target slave through the first communication path, and the target slave acquires the first message in the first communication path transmission process.
  • the communication path is delayed in transmission and reception, and the second frame message is transmitted to the target slave via the second communication path, and the target slave acquires the second communication path transmission delay in the second frame transmission through the second communication path.
  • step 4 the delay difference is determined according to the difference between the first communication path sending and receiving delay and the second communication path sending and receiving delay; when the delay difference is greater than the preset difference, the host and the target slave alarm, the target slave The differential protection mode is exited; or when the delay difference is less than or equal to the preset difference, the master and the target slave enter the differential protection mode.
  • the protection device connected to either end of the multi-terminal T transmission line is used as a host, and the protection device connected to the other end except the one end is used as the slave.
  • the differential protection method based on the connection relationship between the host and the slave is as follows. The host is connected to all the slaves, and the slaves that do not have a connection relationship are connected to form a slave unit.
  • the slave unit includes the target slave unit and the auxiliary slave unit, and the target slave unit, the master unit, and the auxiliary slave unit sequentially communicate through the channel 1, the channel 2, and the channel three, and the communication formed along the channel 1, channel 2, and channel three connection directions.
  • the channel serves as a first communication path, and a communication channel formed along the connection direction of the channel 3, the channel 2, and the channel 1 serves as a second communication path.
  • the target slave sends two frames at the same time.
  • the first frame arrives at the host through channel one, then reaches the auxiliary slave through channel two, and finally reaches the target slave through channel three, the master, the auxiliary slave, and the target slave.
  • the first time when the first message is received is recorded separately.
  • the result of the first time when the first packet is sent by the machine is obtained, and the first communication path is sent and received.
  • the second message first arrives at the auxiliary slave through channel three, then reaches the host through channel two, and finally reaches the target slave through the channel one host, and the auxiliary slave, the host, and the target slave respectively record and receive the first message. time.
  • Receiving, according to the first moment when the target slave receives the second packet, subtracting the first moment when the host receives the second packet, subtracting the first moment of the second packet received by the auxiliary slave, and subtracting the target As a result of the first time of the second message sent by the slave, the second communication path transmission and reception delay is obtained.
  • the delay difference is obtained according to the difference between the first communication path transmission delay and the second communication path transmission delay.
  • the delay difference is greater than the set difference, it is determined that the first communication path transmission delay is inconsistent with the second communication path transmission delay, the target slave and the host alarm, and the target slave exits the differential protection mode;
  • the difference is not greater than the set difference, it is determined that the first communication path transmission delay is consistent with the second communication path transmission delay, and the target slave and the slave enter the differential protection mode.
  • two slaves that do not have a connection relationship are connected to construct a slave unit, and a communication connection relationship between the slave unit and the master unit is determined, and a channel is added between the target slave unit and the auxiliary slave unit in the slave unit.
  • the monitoring of the channel transmission and reception delay of the host and the target slave is realized based on the increased channel acquisition time difference.
  • the master and the slave are connected by a multiplex channel, and the slave and the slave are connected by a fiber channel.
  • the master and the slave are connected by a multiplex channel, and the slave and the slave are connected by a fiber channel. Because the Fibre Channel connection between the slave and the slave is the same, that is, the Fibre Channel transmission and reception delay is the same, and only the channel transmission and reception delay between the master and the slave is calculated.
  • the communication channel formed along the connection direction of the channel 1, the channel 2, and the channel 3 is used as the first communication path
  • the communication channel formed along the connection direction of the channel 3, the channel 2, and the channel is used as the second communication path.
  • the second frame message is transmitted to the target slave by the second communication path, and the second frame message first arrives at the auxiliary slave through the channel three delay d, and the auxiliary slave receives the first time of the second frame message as the time record.
  • the target ⁇ t 3 is then sent to the host through the channel two delay e.
  • the first time when the host receives the second frame message is recorded as the time scale ⁇ t 4 , and finally reaches the target slave through the channel one delay f, and the target slave receives
  • the first time of the second frame message is recorded as t 3
  • the delay difference is greater than the set difference, it is determined that the first communication path transmission delay between the host and the target slave is inconsistent with the second communication path transmission delay, and the host and the target slave alarm. If the delay difference is not greater than the set difference, it is determined that the first communication path transmission delay between the host and the target slave is consistent with the second communication path transmission delay, and the host and the target slave enter the differential protection mode. .
  • the step 1 includes: determining the number of slaves according to the number of terminals of the multi-terminal T-transmission line; when the number of slaves is an odd number, there is a separate slave without an auxiliary slave, the separate slave Connect to the host via an added alternate channel.
  • the number of slaves is determined by the number of terminals of the multi-terminal T-transmission line.
  • the number of slaves is an odd number, there is a separate slave that is not connected to the slave, and the slave is connected to the host through the added standby channel.
  • the monitoring of the channel transmission and reception delay of the master and the individual slaves is realized based on the method of acquiring the time difference in the added standby channel.
  • the slave and the host communicate with each other through channel four.
  • the slave and the master also communicate with each other via the alternate channel.
  • the direction of the channel 4 and the alternate channel is built into the fourth channel, which will be along the alternate channel and channel.
  • the direction of the four is constructed into the fifth channel.
  • the third channel four frame delay packets arrive h host, packets received third frame
  • the first time is recorded as ⁇ t 5
  • the host reaches the individual slave through the alternate channel delay g
  • the first time of the third frame message is recorded as t 5
  • the fourth frame message arrives at the host through the alternate channel delay m.
  • the first time that the host receives the fourth frame message is recorded as ⁇ t 6
  • the host reaches the individual slave through the channel four delay n and the fourth slave frame is obtained from the slave.
  • the first time of the message is recorded as t 6
  • delay difference, delay difference (hn) + (mg) t 5 - ⁇ t 5 -t 6 + ⁇ t 6.
  • the delay difference is greater than the set difference, it is determined that the fourth channel transceiver delay between the master and the slave is inconsistent with the fifth channel transceiver delay, the master and the slave slave alarm, and the slave slave exits the differential. Protection mode; if the delay difference is not greater than the set difference, it is determined that the fourth channel transceiver delay between the master and the slave is consistent with the fifth channel transceiver delay, and the master and the slave enter the differential protection. mode.
  • the differential protection method further includes: when there is a fault in the multiplexing channel between the host and the target slave, the target slave performs sampling synchronization and message transmission by using the auxiliary slave.
  • the slave When there is a fault in the multiplexed channel between the master and the slave, the slave synchronizes the sample and synchronizes the message through the alternate channel.
  • the target slave when there is a fault in the multiplexing channel between the master and the target slave, the target slave can transmit the message through the auxiliary slave, and the target slave sends its own sampling time and message to the auxiliary slave through channel 3.
  • the auxiliary slave sends the first time and the message to the host through the channel 2, and the host compares the difference between the first time of receiving the message and the sampling time of the target slave according to the sampling time of the host.
  • the value gets channel 3 and channel 2 delay, and the target slave automatically adjusts its sampling time according to the obtained channel 2 and channel 3 delays, and completes the sampling time synchronization.
  • the slave When there is a fault in the multiplexing channel between the master and the slave, the slave can transmit the message through the alternate channel, and the slave can send its own sampling time and message to the host through the alternate channel.
  • the difference between the sampling time and the sampling time of the individual slaves is used to obtain the standby channel delay.
  • the independent slave automatically adjusts its sampling time according to the obtained standby channel delay to complete the synchronization of the sampling time.
  • the multiplex channel between the master and the target slave or the slave When the multiplex channel between the master and the target slave or the slave is faulty, it can be switched to the auxiliary slave or the alternate channel for sampling synchronization and message transmission, thereby ensuring the operation and fault time difference of the multi-terminal T-connected transmission line.
  • the quick action of the protection When the multiplex channel between the master and the target slave or the slave is faulty, it can be switched to the auxiliary slave or the alternate channel for sampling synchronization and message transmission, thereby ensuring the operation and fault time difference of the multi-terminal T-connected transmission line.
  • the host and the slave are connected by using a multiplexing channel, including: setting a main channel pressure plate and a slave channel pressure plate corresponding to the main channel pressure plate on the multiplexing channel; selecting a target main channel pressure plate from the main channel pressure plate; Select the target slave channel platen corresponding to the target main channel platen from the channel platen.
  • the host performs one of the following operations with the slave corresponding to the target from the channel press:
  • the master and the target slave chassis press the differential protection mode; the target main channel pressure plate and the target slave channel pressure plate are used for the operation, and the target The differential protection mode is exited from the slave corresponding to the channel pressure plate; and the slave and the target slave channel pressure plate correspond to the slave alarm, and the target slave channel in response to the operation in which the target main channel pressure plate is inconsistent with the target from the channel pressure plate.
  • the slave corresponding to the pressure plate exits the differential protection mode.
  • the host and the 16 slaves are connected through the multiplexing channel, and the first main channel press plate and the first channel are arranged on the multiplexing channel between the host and the first slave.
  • a slave channel press plate, a second main channel press plate and a second slave channel press plate are disposed on the multiplexing channel between the host and the second slave, and the first channel is provided on the multiplexing channel between the host and the third slave.
  • the three main channel pressure plate and the third secondary channel pressure plate, and so on, are provided until the sixteenth main channel pressure plate and the sixteenth secondary channel pressure plate are disposed on the multiplexing passage between the main unit and the sixteenth slave.
  • the host and the fifth slave Taking the fifth host and the fifth slave as an example, if the fifth main channel pressure plate and the fifth slave channel pressure plate are put into use, the host and the fifth slave enter the differential protection mode.
  • the fifth slave is exited from the differential protection mode.
  • the main channel pressure plate and the slave channel pressure plate are arranged on the multiplexing passage, and the slave machine is withdrawn and put into operation through the main channel pressure plate and the slave channel pressure plate.
  • the present application provides a differential protection method, which is applicable to a multi-count T-transmission line.
  • the method includes: selecting two slaves with no connection relationship in the slave to connect to construct a slave unit, and determining a target in the slave unit.
  • the slave and the auxiliary slave will form a first communication path along the connection direction of channel 1, channel 2 and channel three, and form a second communication path along the connection direction of channel three, channel two and channel one; the target slave transmits two frames.
  • the first frame message and the second frame message are respectively transmitted to the target slave through the first communication path and the second communication path, and obtain a delay of the first communication path sending and receiving delay and the second communication path sending and receiving delay.
  • the delay difference is greater than the preset difference, the master and the target slave alarm, and the target slave exits the differential protection mode.
  • two slaves that do not have a connection relationship are connected to construct a slave unit, and a communication connection relationship between the slave unit and the master unit is determined, and the slave unit includes a target slave unit and an auxiliary slave unit, A channel is added between the machine and the auxiliary slave, and the channel delay of the host and the target slave is monitored based on the increased channel acquisition time difference.
  • the application also provides a differential protection system, which is applicable to a multi-terminal T-connection transmission line, and the multi-terminal T-connection transmission line includes a host and a plurality of slaves, and the host is protected by any end of the multi-terminal T transmission line.
  • the device, the plurality of slaves are protection devices connected to other ends than the one end, as shown in FIG. 4, the differential protection system includes a dividing unit 11, a communication unit 12, an obtaining unit 13, and a judgment Unit 14.
  • the dividing unit 11 is configured to connect the host to the slave, and select two slaves in the slave that do not have a connection relationship to connect to construct the slave unit.
  • the communication unit 12 is configured to determine that one slave in the slave unit is the target slave, and the slave slave in the slave unit is the slave slave.
  • the target slave communicates with the master through the channel one, and the master and the slave slave pass through the channel.
  • the auxiliary slave communicates with the target slave through channel three, and the communication channel formed along the connection direction of channel 1, channel 2, and channel 3 is used as the first communication path, and will be connected along channel 3, channel 2, and channel 1.
  • the communication channel formed by the direction serves as the second communication path.
  • the obtaining unit 13 is configured to send, by the target slave, two frames of messages, where the first frame message is transmitted to the target slave through the first communication path, and the target slave acquires the first frame message through the first communication path.
  • a communication path sends and receives a delay, the second frame message is transmitted to the target slave via the second communication path, and the target slave acquires the second communication path transmission delay in the second frame transmission through the second communication path.
  • the determining unit 14 is configured to determine a delay difference according to a difference between the first communication path sending and receiving delay and the second communication path sending and receiving delay, and if the delay difference is greater than the preset difference, the host and the target slave alarm, the target slave Exit the differential protection mode; or if the delay difference is less than or equal to the preset difference, the master and target slaves enter the differential protection mode.
  • the master unit is connected to all the slaves by the dividing unit 11, and the slaves that do not have the connection relationship are connected to form the slave unit.
  • the communication unit 12 determines that the slave unit includes the target slave unit and the auxiliary slave unit, and the target slave unit, the master unit, and the auxiliary slave unit sequentially communicate through the channel 1, the channel 2, and the channel three, and the channel 1 , channel 2, and channel 3 are connected.
  • the communication channel formed by the direction is used as the first communication path, and the communication channel formed along the connection direction of the channel 3, the channel 2, and the channel is used as the second communication path.
  • the obtaining unit 13 sends two frames of messages according to the target slave at the same time.
  • the first frame message first arrives at the host through the channel one, then reaches the auxiliary slave through the channel 2, and finally reaches the target slave through the channel three, the host and the auxiliary slave.
  • the machine and the target slave respectively record the first time when the first message is received, according to the first time record that the target slave receives the first message, and the first time when the auxiliary slave receives the first message, and the host receives
  • the first communication path delay is obtained by the difference between the first time of the first message and the first time of the first slave sending the first message, and the second message first arrives at the auxiliary slave through the channel three, and then passes Channel 2 arrives at the host, and finally reaches the target slave through the channel-host.
  • the auxiliary slave, the master, and the target slave respectively record the first time when the second packet is received, and the first slave receives the second packet according to the target. Obtaining a second pass between the time of the first time when the host receives the second message, the first time of the second message received by the auxiliary slave, and the first time of the second message sent by the target slave Transceiver path delay.
  • the determining unit 14 obtains a delay difference according to the difference between the first communication path sending and receiving delay and the second communication path sending and receiving delay, and if the delay difference is greater than the set difference, determining the first communication path sending and receiving delay and the second communication.
  • the path transceiver delay is inconsistent, the target slave and the host alarm, the target slave exits the differential protection mode; if the delay difference is not greater than the set difference, the first communication path delay and the second communication path delay are determined. Consistent, the target slave and slave enter the differential protection mode.
  • the dividing unit 11 constructs two slaves that do not have a connection relationship through a channel to form a slave unit, the slave unit includes a target slave unit and an auxiliary slave unit, and the communication unit 12 determines communication between the slave unit and the master unit.
  • a channel is added between the target slave and the slave slave by the dividing unit 11, and the channel transmission and reception delay of the master and the target slave is monitored based on the manner of increasing the channel acquisition time difference.
  • the master and the slave are connected by a multiplex channel, and the slave and the slave are connected by a fiber channel.
  • the master and the slave are connected by a multiplex channel, and the slave and the slave are connected by a fiber channel. Because the slave and the slave are connected by a fiber channel, that is, the fiber channel transceiver delay is consistent, and then Simply calculate the channel send and receive delay between the master and the slave.
  • the dividing unit 11 is further configured to: determine the number of slaves according to the number of terminals of the multi-terminal T-transmission line; when the number of slaves is an odd number, there is a separate slave that is not connected to the auxiliary slave. A separate slave is connected to the host via an added alternate channel.
  • the number of slaves is determined by the number of terminals of the multi-terminal T-transmission line.
  • the number of slaves is an odd number, there is a separate slave that is not connected to the auxiliary slave, and the dividing unit 11 passes the separate slaves through the added standby.
  • the channel is connected to the host, and the channel transmission and reception delay of the host and the individual slaves is monitored based on the acquired time difference of the alternate channel.
  • the differential protection system further includes: when there is a fault in the multiplexing channel between the host and the target slave, the target slave performs sampling synchronization and message transmission through the auxiliary slave.
  • the target slave can transmit the message through the auxiliary slave, and the target slave sends its own sampling time and message to the auxiliary slave through channel three, and the auxiliary slave.
  • the first time and the received message are sent to the host through channel 2.
  • the host obtains channel 3 according to the difference between the sampling time and the first time of the auxiliary slave receiving the message and the sampling time of the target slave.
  • the target slave automatically adjusts its sampling time according to the obtained delays of channel 2 and channel 3, and completes the synchronization of the sampling time.
  • the present application provides a differential protection system, which is applicable to a multi-terminal T-connection transmission line.
  • the system includes a division unit, a communication unit, an acquisition unit, and a determination unit, and a division unit, wherein the division unit is set to be between the host and the slave. Connected, select two slaves in the slave that do not have a connection relationship to connect to build a slave, determine one slave in the slave as the target slave, and another slave in the slave as the secondary slave; communication The unit is set to communicate with the host through the channel one, the host and the auxiliary slave communicate through channel two, and the auxiliary slave communicates with the target slave through channel three, and will be connected along channel one, channel two, and channel three.
  • the communication channel formed by the direction is used as the first communication path, and the communication channel formed along the connection direction of the channel 3, the channel 2, and the channel is used as the second communication path; and the acquiring unit is configured to send the frame message of the frame to the target slave, the first frame The message is transmitted to the target slave via the first communication path, and the target slave obtains the first message in the transmission process of the first frame through the first communication path.
  • a communication path sends and receives a delay
  • the second frame message is transmitted to the target slave via the second communication path
  • the target slave acquires the second communication path transmission delay in the second frame transmission through the second communication path
  • the unit is configured to determine a delay difference according to a difference between the first communication path sending and receiving delay and the second communication path sending and receiving delay, and if the delay difference is greater than the preset difference, the host and the target slave alarm, and the target slave exits the difference Dynamic protection mode.
  • a channel is added between the target slave and the auxiliary slave through the dividing unit, and the channel transmission and reception delay of the host and the target slave is monitored based on the method of increasing the channel acquisition time difference. .

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Abstract

本申请提供了差动保护方法和系统，适用于多端T接输电线路，选取两个不存在连接关系的从机进行连接以构建从机组；确定从机组中的目标从机和辅助从机，将沿通道一、通道二以及通道三连接方向构成第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二以及通道一连接方向构成第二通信路径；目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文和第二帧报文分别经第一通信路径和第二通信路径传输至目标从机，以及获得第一通信路径收发延时和第二通信路径收发延时的延时差；如果延时差大于预设差值，主机与目标从机报警，目标从机退出差动保护模式。

Description

差动保护方法和系统
本申请要求在2017年11月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711219708.6的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于差动保护技术领域，例如涉及一种差动保护方法和系统。
背景技术
目前，对于多端T接输电线路，纵联电流差动的主流方法为采样时刻调整法，该方法难以发现多端T接输电线路中任一通道收发延时不一致的情况。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本申请提供了通过在目标从机与辅助从机之间增加了一个通道，基于增加的通道获取时间差值的方式实现了监视主机与目标从机的通道收发延时的用于多端T接输电线路的差动保护方法和系统。
本申请提供了一种差动保护方法，适用于多端T接输电线路，所述多端T接输电线路包括主机和多个从机，所述主机为所述多端T接输电线路上任意一端连接的保护装置，所述多个从机为除所述任意一端之外的其它端连接的保护装置，所述差动保护方法包括：将所述主机与所述多个从机相连，在所述多个从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组；将所述从机组中的一个从机作为目标从机，将从机组中的另一从机作为辅助从机，目标从机与主机通过通道一进行通信，主机与辅助从机通过通道二进行通信，辅助从机与目标从机通过通道三进行通信，将沿通道一、通道二以及通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二以及通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径；目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输过程中的第一通信路径收发延时，第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输至目标从机，目 标从机获取第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输过程中的第二通信路径收发延时；根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值确定延时差，在延时差大于预设差值时，主机与目标从机报警，目标从机退出差动保护模式；在延时差小于预设差值时，主机和目标从机进入差动保护模式。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种差动保护系统，适用于多端T接输电线路，所述多端T接输电线路包括主机和多个从机，所述主机为所述多端T接输电线路上任意一端连接的保护装置，所述多个从机为除所述任意一端之外的其它端连接的保护装置，所述差动保护系统包括：划分单元，设置为将主机与所述多个从机相连，在所述多个从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接，以构建成机组。通信单元，设置为将从机组中的一个从机作为目标从机，将从机组中的另一从机作为辅助从机，目标从机与主机通过通道一进行通信，主机与辅助从机通过通道二进行通信，辅助从机与目标从机通过通道三进行通信，将沿通道一、通道二、通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二、通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径。获取单元，设置为目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输过程中的第一通信路径收发延时，第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输过程中的第二通信路径收发延时。判断单元，设置为根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值确定延时差，在延时差大于预设差值时，主机与目标从机报警，目标从机退出差动保护模式；在延时差小于或等于预设差值时，主机和目标从机进入差动保护模式。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例。
图1是本申请提供的一种差动保护方法的流程示意图；
图2是本申请提供的主机与从机组的连接关系图；
图3是本申请提供的主机与单独从机的连接关系图；
图4是本申请提供的一种差动保护系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的结构作进一步地描述。
本申请提供了一种差动保护方法，适用于多端T接输电线路，多端T接输电线路包括主机和多个从机，主机为将多端T接输电线路上任意一端连接的保护装置，多个从机为除任意一端之外的其它端连接的保护装置，如图1所示，所述差动保护方法包括步骤1至步骤4。
在步骤1中，将主机与多个从机相连，在多个从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组；
在步骤2中，确定从机组中的一个从机作为目标从机，从机组中另一从机作为辅助从机，目标从机与主机通过通道一进行通信，主机与辅助从机通过通道二进行通信，辅助从机与目标从机通过通道三进行通信，将沿通道一、通道二以及通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二以及通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径。
在步骤3中，目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输过程中的第一通信路径收发延时，第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输过程中的第二通信路径收发延时。
在步骤4中，根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值确定延时差；在延时差大于预设差值时，主机与目标从机报警，目标从机退出差动保护模式；或在延时差小于或等于预设差值时，主机和目标从机进入差动保护模式。
在一实施例中，将多端T接输电线路上任意一端连接的保护装置作为主机，除所述任意一端之外的其它端连接的保护装置作为从机。基于主机、从机连接关系的差动保护方法如下。将主机与所有的从机相连，还将不存在连接关系的从机相连以构成从机组。
确定从机组包括目标从机和辅助从机，目标从机、主机、以及辅助从机依次通过通道一、通道二和通道三进行通信，将沿通道一、通道二以及通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二以及通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径。
目标从机同一时刻发送两帧报文，第一帧报文先通过通道一到达主机，再通过通道二到达辅助从机，最后通过通道三到达目标从机，主机、辅助从机、目标从机分别记录接收到第一报文的第一时刻。根据目标从机接收到第一报文的第一时刻，减去辅助从机接收到第一报文的第一时刻，减去主机接收到第一报文的第一时刻，以及减去目标从机发送第一报文的第一时刻的结果，获得第一通信路径收发延时。第二报文先通过通道三到达辅助从机，再通过通道二到达主机，最后通过通道一主机到达目标从机，辅助从机、主机、目标从机分别记录接收到第二报文的第一时刻。根据目标从机接收到第二报文的第一时刻，减去主机接收到第二报文的第一时刻，减去辅助从机接收到的第二报文的第一时刻，以及减去目标从机发送的第二报文的第一时刻的结果，获得第二通信路径收发延时。
根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值得到延时差。在延时差大于设定差值时，判定第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时不一致，目标从机和主机报警，目标从机便退出差动保护模式；，在延时差不大于设定差值时，判定第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时一致，目标从机和从机进入差动保护模式。
通过上述差动保护方法，将不存在连接关系的两个从机相连以构建从机组，确定从机组与主机的通信连接关系，通过在从机组中目标从机与辅助从机之间增加一个通道，基于增加的通道获取时间差值的方式实现了对主机与目标从机的通道收发延时的监视。
在一实施例中，所述主机与从机采用复用通道相连，从机与从机之间采用光纤通道相连。
在一实施例中，主机与从机采用复用通道相连，从机与从机之间采用光纤通道相连。因从机与从机之间采用光纤通道相连，即光纤通道收发延时是一致的，进而只需计算主机与从机之间的通道收发延时。
根据上述可知，将沿通道一、通道二以及通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二以及通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径。如图2所示，目标从机在t 1时刻发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输至目标从机，第一帧报文先通过通道一延时a到达主机，主机接收到第一帧报文的第一时刻记录为时标Δt 1，再通过通道二延时b到达辅 助从机，辅助从机接收到第一帧报文的第一时刻记录为时标Δt 2，最后通过通道三延时c到达目标从机，目标从机接收到第一帧报文的第一时刻记录为时标t 2，则第一通信路径收发延时为a+b+c＝t 2-t 1-Δt 1-Δt 2。
第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输至目标从机，第二帧报文先通过通道三延时d到达辅助从机，辅助从机接收到第二帧报文的第一时刻记录为时标Δt 3，再通过通道二延时e到达主机，主机接收到第二帧报文的第一时刻记录为时标Δt 4，最后通过通道一延时f到达目标从机，目标从机接收到第二帧报文的第一时刻记录为t 3，则第二通信路径收发延时为d+e+f＝t 3-t 1-Δt 3-Δt 4。
其中，目标从机与辅助从机之间的通道三为光纤通道，即c＝d，根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值得到延时差，延时差为(a-f)+(b-e)＝(a-f)+(b-e)+(c-d)＝t 3-Δt 3-Δt 4-t 2+Δt 1+Δt 2。
如果该延时差大于设定差值，则判定在主机与目标从机之间得到第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时不一致，主机与目标从机报警。如果该延时差不大于设定差值，则判定在主机与目标从机之间得到第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时一致，主机与目标从机进入差动保护模式。
在一实施例中，所述步骤1，包括：根据多端T接输电线路的端数确定从机的数量；从机的数量为奇数时，存在一个没有辅助从机相连的单独从机，单独从机通过增加的备用通道与主机相连。
在实施中，从机的数量由多端T接输电线路的端数决定，当从机的数量为奇数时，存在一个没有辅助从机相连的单独从机，从机通过增加的备用通道与主机相连，基于在增加的备用通道获取时间差值的方式实现了对主机与单独从机的通道收发延时的监视。
如图3所示，单独从机与主机通过通道四进行通信，单独从机与主机还经备用通道进行通信，将沿通道四、备用通道的方向构建成第四通道，将沿备用通道、通道四的方向构建成第五通道。
单独从机在t 4时刻发送两帧报文，分别作为第三帧报文和第四帧报文，第三帧报文通过通道四延时h到达主机，主机接到第三帧报文的第一时刻记录为Δt 5，主机经备用通道延时g到达单独从机，单独从机得到第三帧报文的第一时刻记录为t 5，则第四通道收发延时为h+g＝t 5-Δt 5-t 4。
第四帧报文经备用通道延时m到达主机，主机接到第四帧报文的第一时刻 记录为Δt 6，主机通过通道四延时n到达单独从机，单独从机得到第四帧报文的第一时刻记录为t 6，则第五通道收发延时为m+n＝t 6-Δt 6-t 4，根据第四通道收发延时与第五通道收发延时的差值得到延时差，延时差为(h-n)+(m-g)＝t 5-Δt 5-t 6+Δt 6。
如果该延时差大于设定差值，则判定在主机与单独从机之间得到第四通道收发延时与第五通道收发延时不一致，主机与单独从机报警，单独从机退出差动保护模式；如果该延时差不大于设定差值，则判定在主机与单独从机之间得到第四通道收发延时与第五通道收发延时一致，主机与单独从机进入差动保护模式。
在一实施例中，所述差动保护方法，还包括：当主机与目标从机之间的复用通道存在故障时，目标从机通过辅助从机进行采样同步和报文传输。
当主机与单独从机之间的复用通道存在故障时，单独从机通过备用通道进行采样同步和报文传输。
在实施中，当主机与目标从机的复用通道存在故障时，目标从机可以经辅助从机进行报文传输，目标从机将自身的采样时刻和报文通过通道三发送给辅助从机，辅助从机将接收到报文的第一时刻和报文通过通道二发送给主机，主机根据自身的采样时刻与辅助从机接收到报文的第一时刻、目标从机的采样时刻的差值得到通道三和通道二延时，目标从机根据得到的通道二和通道三的延时自动调整自身的采样时刻，完成采样时刻的同步。
当主机与单独从机之间的复用通道存在故障时，单独从机可以经备用通道进行报文传输，单独从机将自身的采样时刻和报文经备用通道发送给主机，主机根据自身的采样时刻和单独从机的采样时刻的差值得到备用通道延时，单独从机根据得到的备用通道延时自动调整自身的采样时刻，完成采样时刻的同步。
当主机与目标从机或单独从机之间的复用通道出现故障，可以切换到辅助从机或备用通道进行采样同步和报文传输，进而保证了多端T接输电线路的运行和故障时差动保护的速动。
在一实施例中，主机与从机采用复用通道相连，包括：在复用通道上设置主通道压板和与主通道压板对应的从通道压板；从主通道压板中选取目标主通道压板，以及从通道压板中选取与目标主通道压板对应的目标从通道压板。其中，所述主机与所述目标从通道压板对应的从机，执行以下之一的操作：
响应于目标主通道压板与目标从通道压板投入使用的操作，主机与目标从通道压板对应的从机投入差动保护模式；响应于目标主通道压板与目标从通道压板退出使用的操作，与目标从通道压板对应的从机退出差动保护模式；以及响应于目标主通道压板与目标从通道压板投退使用情况不一致的操作，主机和与目标从通道压板对应的从机报警，与目标从通道压板对应的从机退出差动保护模式。
在实施中，以单个主机和16个从机为例，主机和16个从机经复用通道相连，在主机与第一从机之间的复用通道上设有第一主通道压板和第一从通道压板，在主机与第二从机之间的复用通道上设有第二主通道压板和第二从通道压板，在主机与第三从机之间的复用通道上设有第三主通道压板和第三从通道压板，依次类推，直至在主机与第十六从机之间的复用通道上设有第十六主通道压板和第十六从通道压板。
下面以第五主机和第五从机为例，如果第五主通道压板与第五从通道压板投入使用，则将主机与第五从机进入差动保护模式。
如果第五主通道压板与第五从通道压板退出使用，则将第五从机退出差动保护模式。
如果第五主通道压板与第三从通道压板投入使用，由于主通道压板和从通道压板投入情况不一致，此时主机和第三从机报警，则与第三从通道压板对应的第三从机退出差动保护模式。
如果第五主通道压板与第三从通道压板退出，由于主通道压板和从通道压板退出情况不一致，此时主机和第五从机报警，则与第五从通道压板对应的第五从机退出差动保护模式。
在复用通道上设有主通道压板和从通道压板，通过主通道压板和从通道压板投退的方式实现了从机退出和投入运行。
本申请提供了一种差动保护方法，适用于多算T接输电线路，该方法包括：在从机中选取两个没有连接关系的从机进行连接以构建从机组，确定从机组中的目标从机和辅助从机，将沿通道一、通道二以及通道三连接方向构成第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二以及通道一连接方向构成第二通信路径；目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文和第二帧报文分别经第一通信路径和第二通信路径传输至目标从机，以及获得第一通信路径收发延时和第二通信路径收发延时 的延时差；如果延时差大于预设差值，主机与目标从机报警，目标从机退出差动保护模式。基于所述差动保护方法，将不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组，确定从机组与主机的通信连接关系，从机组包括目标从机和辅助从机，通过在目标从机与辅助从机之间增加了一个通道，基于增加的通道获取时间差值的方式实现了对主机与目标从机的通道收发延时的监视。
本申请还提供了一种差动保护系统，适用于多端T接输电线路，多端T接输电线路包括主机和多个从机，所述主机为所述多端T接输电线路上任意一端连接的保护装置，所述多个从机为除所述任意一端之外的其它端连接的保护装置，如图4所示，所述差动保护系统包括划分单元11，通信单元12，获取单元13以及判断单元14。
划分单元11，设置为将主机与从机之间相连，在从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组。
通信单元12，设置为确定从机组中的一个从机作为目标从机，以及从机组中另一从机作为辅助从机，目标从机与主机通过通道一进行通信，主机与辅助从机通过通道二进行通信，辅助从机与目标从机通过通道三进行通信，将沿通道一、通道二、通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二、通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径。
获取单元13，设置为目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输过程中的第一通信路径收发延时，第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输过程中的第二通信路径收发延时。
判断单元14，设置为根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值确定延时差，如果延时差大于预设差值，主机与目标从机报警，目标从机退出差动保护模式；或如果延时差小于或等于预设差值，主机和目标从机进入差动保护模式。
在实施中，使用如下单元进行处理。
通过划分单元11将主机与所有的从机相连，还将不存在连接关系的从机相连构成从机组。
通过通信单元12确定从机组包括目标从机和辅助从机，目标从机、主机、 以及辅助从机依次通过通道一、通道二、通道三进行通信，将沿通道一、通道二、通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二、通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径。
通过获取单元13根据目标从机同一时刻发送两帧报文，第一帧报文先通过通道一到达主机，再通过通道二到达辅助从机，最后通过通道三到达目标从机，主机、辅助从机、目标从机分别记录接收到第一报文的第一时刻，根据目标从机接收到第一报文的第一时刻记录与辅助从机接收到第一报文的第一时刻、主机接收到第一报文的第一时刻、以及目标从机发送第一报文的第一时刻的差值获得第一通信路径收发延时，第二报文先通过通道三到达辅助从机，再通过通道二到达主机，最后通过通道一主机到达目标从机，辅助从机、主机、目标从机分别记录接收到第二报文的第一时刻，根据目标从机接收到第二报文的第一时刻与主机接收到第二报文的第一时刻、辅助从机接收到的第二报文的第一时刻、以及目标从机发送的第二报文的第一时刻的差值获得第二通信路径收发延时。
通过判断单元14根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值得到延时差，如果延时差大于设定差值，判定第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时不一致，目标从机和主机报警，目标从机便退出差动保护模式；如果延时差不大于设定差值，判定第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时一致，目标从机和从机进入差动保护模式。
基于所述差动保护系统，划分单元11将两个不存在连接关系的从机通过通道相连构建成从机组，从机组包括目标从机和辅助从机，通信单元12确定从机组与主机的通信连接关系，通过划分单元11在目标从机与辅助从机之间增加了一个通道，基于增加通道获取时间差值的方式实现了对主机与目标从机的通道收发延时的监视。
在一实施例中，所述主机与从机采用复用通道相连，从机与从机之间采用光纤通道相连。
在实施中，主机与从机采用复用通道相连，从机与从机之间采用光纤通道相连，因从机与从机之间采用光纤通道相连，即光纤通道收发延时是一致的，进而只需计算主机与从机之间的通道收发延时。
在一实施例中，所述划分单元11，还设置为：根据多端T接输电线路的端 数确定从机的数量；从机的数量为奇数时，存在一个没有辅助从机相连的单独从机，单独从机通过增加的备用通道与主机相连。
在实施中，从机的数量由多端T接输电线路的端数决定，当从机的数量为奇数时，存在一个没有辅助从机相连的单独从机，划分单元11将单独从机通过增加的备用通道与主机相连，基于在增加的备用通道获取时间差值的方式实现了对主机与单独从机的通道收发延时的监视。
在一实施例中，所述差动保护系统，还包括：当主机与目标从机之间的复用通道存在故障时，目标从机通过辅助从机进行采样同步和报文传输。
当主机与目标从机的复用通道存在故障时，目标从机可以经辅助从机进行报文传输，目标从机将自身的采样时刻和报文通过通道三发送给辅助从机，辅助从机将接收到报文的第一时刻和报文通过通道二发送给主机，主机根据自身的采样时刻与辅助从机接收到报文的第一时刻、目标从机的采样时刻的差值得到通道三和通道二延时，目标从机根据得到的通道二和通道三的延时自动调整自身的采样时刻，完成采样时刻的同步。
本申请提供了一种差动保护系统，适用于多端T接输电线路，该系统包括划分单元、通信单元、获取单元以及判断单元，划分单元，其中划分单元，设置为将主机与从机之间相连，在从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组，确定从机组中的一个从机作为目标从机，以及从机组中另一从机作为辅助从机；通信单元，设置为目标从机与主机通过通道一进行通信，主机与辅助从机通过通道二进行通信，辅助从机与目标从机通过通道三进行通信，将沿通道一、通道二、通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿通道三、通道二、通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径；获取单元，设置为目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第一帧报文经第一通信路径传输过程中的第一通信路径收发延时，第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输至目标从机，目标从机获取第二帧报文经第二通信路径传输过程中的第二通信路径收发延时；判断单元，设置为根据第一通信路径收发延时与第二通信路径收发延时的差值确定延时差，如果延时差大于预设差值，主机与目标从机报警，目标从机退出差动保护模式。基于所述差动保护系统，通过划分单元在目标从机与辅助从机之间增加了一个通道，基于增加通道获取时间差值的方式实现了对主机与目标从机的通道收发延 时的监视。
上述实施例中的各个序号仅仅为了描述，不代表各部件的组装或使用过程中的先后顺序。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种差动保护方法，适用于多端T接输电线路，所述多端T接输电线路包括主机和多个从机，所述主机为所述多端T接输电线路上任意一端连接的保护装置，所述多个从机为除所述任意一端之外的其它端连接的保护装置，所述差动保护方法包括：
    将所述主机与所述多个从机相连，在所述多个从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组；
    将所述从机组中的一个所述从机作为目标从机，以及从机组中另一从机作为辅助从机，所述目标从机与所述主机通过通道一进行通信，所述主机与所述辅助从机通过通道二进行通信，所述辅助从机与所述目标从机通过通道三进行通信，将沿所述通道一、所述通道二以及所述通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿所述通道三、所述通道二以及所述通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径；
    所述目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经所述第一通信路径传输至所述目标从机，所述目标从机获取所述第一帧报文经所述第一通信路径传输过程中的第一通信路径收发延时，第二帧报文经所述第二通信路径传输至所述目标从机，所述目标从机获取所述第二帧报文经所述第二通信路径传输过程中的第二通信路径收发延时；
    根据所述第一通信路径收发延时与所述第二通信路径收发延时的差值确定延时差；在所述延时差大于预设差值时，所述主机与所述目标从机报警，所述目标从机退出差动保护模式；或在所述延时差小于或等于所述预设差值时，所述主机和所述目标从机进入所述差动保护模式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的差动保护方法，其中，所述主机与所述从机采用复用通道相连，所述从机与所述从机之间采用光纤通道相连。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的差动保护方法，其中，所述将主机与所述多个从机相连，在所述多个从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组，包括：
    根据所述多端T接输电线路的端数确定所述从机的数量；
    所述从机的数量为奇数时，存在一个没有与所述辅助从机相连的单独从机，所述单独从机通过增加的备用通道与所述主机相连。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的差动保护方法，所述方法还包括：
    在所述主机与所述目标从机之间的所述复用通道存在故障时，所述目标从机通过所述辅助从机进行采样同步和报文传输。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的差动保护方法，所述方法还包括：
    在所述主机与所述单独从机之间的所述复用通道存在故障时，所述单独从机通过所述备用通道进行采样同步和报文传输。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的差动保护方法，其中，所述主机与所述从机采用复用通道相连，包括：
    在所述复用通道上设置主通道压板和与所述主通道压板对应的从通道压板；在所述主通道压板中选取目标主通道压板，并在所述从通道压板中选取与所述目标主通道压板对应的目标从通道压板；
    其中，所述主机与所述目标从通道压板对应的从机，执行以下之一的操作：
    响应于所述目标主通道压板与所述目标从通道压板都投入使用的操作，所述主机与所述目标从通道压板对应的从机进入所述差动保护模式；
    响应于所述目标主通道压板与所述目标从通道压板都退出使用的操作，与所述目标从通道压板对应的从机退出所述差动保护模式；以及
    响应于所述目标主通道压板与所述目标从通道压板投退使用情况不一致的操作，所述主机和与所述目标从通道压板对应的从机报警，与所述目标从通道压板对应的从机退出所述差动保护模式。
  7. 一种差动保护系统，适用于多端T接输电线路，所述多端T接输电线路包括主机和多个从机，所述主机为所述多端T接输电线路上任意一端连接的保护装置，所述多个从机为除所述任意一端之外的其它端连接的保护装置，所述差动保护系统包括：
    划分单元，设置为将所述主机与所述多个从机相连，在所述多个从机中选取不存在连接关系的两个从机进行连接以构建从机组；
    通信单元，设置为将所述从机组中的一个所述从机作为目标从机，将所述从机组中的另一从机作为辅助从机，所述目标从机与所述主机通过通道一进行通信，所述主机与所述辅助从机通过通道二进行通信，所述辅助从机与所述目标从机通过通道三进行通信，将沿所述通道一、所述通道二以及所述通道三连接方向构成的通信通道作为第一通信路径，将沿所述通道三、所述通道二以及所述通道一连接方向构成的通信通道作为第二通信路径；
    获取单元，设置为所述目标从机发送两帧报文，第一帧报文经第所述一通道传输至所述目标从机，所述目标从机获取所述第一帧报文经所述第一通信路径传输过程中的第一通信路径收发延时，第二帧报文经所述第二通信路径传输至所述目标从机，所述目标从机获取所述第二帧报文经所述第二通信路径传输过程中的第二通信路径收发延时；
    判断单元，设置为根据所述第一通信路径收发延时与所述第二通信路径收发延时的差值确定延时差，在所述延时差大于预设差值时，所述主机与所述目标从机报警，所述目标从机退出差动保护模式；或在所述延时差小于或等于所述预设差值时，所述主机和所述目标从机进入所述差动保护模式。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的系统，其中，所述主机与所述从机采用复用通道相连，所述从机与所述从机之间采用光纤通道相连。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的系统，所述划分单元，还设置为：
    根据所述多端T接输电线路的端数确定从机的数量；
    所述从机的数量为奇数时，存在一个没有与所述辅助从机相连的单独从机，所述单独从机通过增加的备用通道与所述主机相连。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，所述差动保护系统，还设置为：
    当所述主机与所述目标从机之间的所述复用通道存在故障时，所述目标从机通过所述辅助从机进行采样同步和报文传输。
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