WO2019101161A1 - 一种发声设备 - Google Patents

一种发声设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019101161A1
WO2019101161A1 PCT/CN2018/117170 CN2018117170W WO2019101161A1 WO 2019101161 A1 WO2019101161 A1 WO 2019101161A1 CN 2018117170 W CN2018117170 W CN 2018117170W WO 2019101161 A1 WO2019101161 A1 WO 2019101161A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
sounding
main
sound
outer casing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/117170
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈晓明
吴哲
Original Assignee
苏州逸巛声学科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州逸巛声学科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州逸巛声学科技有限公司
Priority to US16/632,275 priority Critical patent/US11223897B2/en
Priority to EP18880737.4A priority patent/EP3637797B1/en
Priority to DK18880737.4T priority patent/DK3637797T3/da
Priority to JP2020521474A priority patent/JP6960189B2/ja
Publication of WO2019101161A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019101161A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R11/00—Transducers of moving-armature or moving-core type
    • H04R11/02—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/283—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a passive diaphragm
    • H04R1/2834—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a passive diaphragm for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2838—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type
    • H04R1/2842—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electroacoustic conversion, and in particular relates to a sounding device.
  • the sounding device is an electroacoustic device that converts an audio electrical signal into a sound signal without sound leakage, and is widely used in communication terminal devices such as mobile phones, fixed telephones, and hearing aids to realize audio (voice, music) playback.
  • the main principle of the sounding device is to use electromagnetic induction and piezoelectric effect, and also has a capacitive earphone using the principle of the capacitor, and the sounding device using the principle of electromagnetic induction mainly has a moving iron sounding device and a moving coil sounding device.
  • the structure of the existing moving iron sounding device is mostly a sounding device with an improved casing disclosed in Chinese Patent Document CN103747374A, which comprises a casing, a diaphragm and an electromagnetic driving mechanism, and the diaphragm is disposed in the casing and the casing
  • the inner cavity of the body is divided into a front cavity and a rear cavity, and an electromagnetic driving mechanism is fixed in the rear cavity.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism comprises a transmission rod, an armature, two permanent magnets and a coil; wherein one end of the armature is fixed on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the casing, and the other end is connected to the diaphragm through the transmission rod; the coil is sleeved on the armature Up and close to the connection between the armature and the housing, the two permanent magnets are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the end of the armature near the transmission rod and are fixed on the inner wall surface of the housing.
  • the coil when the coil is connected to alternating current, the coil generates an alternating magnetic field, and the armature is magnetized by the alternating magnetic field to generate magnetic poles whose magnitude and direction alternately change, and the armature is made by the fixed magnetic field of the permanent magnet. Vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes are generated to drive the diaphragm to sound.
  • the sounding device of the above structure has only one sounding cavity like the other sounding devices in the prior art, and the sound waves generated by the sounding device are mainly sound waves in the middle and high frequency bands, and the ability to generate low frequency sound waves is poor, which ultimately leads to the structure.
  • the low frequency characteristics of the sounding device are poor.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing sound emitting device has poor low frequency characteristics.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device, including
  • a diaphragm mechanism comprising at least one layer of a first sounding film mounted on the outer casing, the first sounding film dividing the hollow cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity that are not connected; and a main vibration component in the second cavity, the main vibration component having a vibration plate sealed on the outer casing;
  • the main vibration component divides the second cavity into a main sounding cavity and a mounting cavity that are side by side and not in communication with the first cavity, and the main sounding cavity is adjacent to the first sounding film side a first sound hole and a second sound hole are respectively disposed on the wall surface corresponding to the main sounding cavity and the first cavity;
  • a driving mechanism disposed in the second inner cavity for driving the vibrating plate to reciprocate in a direction intersecting with the diaphragm mechanism.
  • the first sounding film is at least two layers, and the first two sounding films of the adjacent two layers are separated by a required interval;
  • At least two layers of the first sounding film divide the first cavity into at least two secondary sounding cavities that are juxtaposed with the main sounding cavity and are not in communication with each other; the outer casing corresponds to the secondary sounding cavity
  • the second sound hole is respectively opened on the wall surface of the body.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a spacer member corresponding to the first sounding film; the spacer member is mounted on an inner wall surface of the outer casing, and the first cavity and the chamber are opened a first through hole communicating with the main sounding cavity, the first sounding film being mounted on the outer casing by being mounted on the first through hole.
  • the main vibration component further includes a fixing frame, one end of the vibration plate is fixed on the fixing frame, the other end is suspended in the inner cavity of the fixing frame; and is installed in the Fixing and fixing at least a gap between the fixing frame and the vibrating plate to cover the second sounding film;
  • the fixing frame is sealingly mounted on the outer casing, or at least one end of the fixing frame is bent toward the first cavity and sealed and fixed on the first sounding film or the separating member, the fixing
  • the end face of the outer peripheral edge of the frame is sealingly mounted on the inner wall surface of the outer casing.
  • the driving mechanism includes at least one first permanent magnet mounted on the outer casing and located on either side of the main vibration component; one end is fixed on the outer casing, and the other end is fixed in the same a soft magnet on the vibrating plate, the soft magnet being opposite to the first permanent magnet; and a coil sleeved on the soft magnet.
  • the driving mechanism further includes a second permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet are respectively located in the main sounding cavity and the mounting cavity;
  • the second permanent magnets are opposite to the first permanent magnets and have opposite polarities at one end;
  • the soft magnet and the coil are located in the mounting cavity; the main vibration component and the soft magnet are located between the second permanent magnet and the first permanent magnet; along a vibration direction of the vibrating plate And a required first gap is reserved between the main vibration component and the second permanent magnet, and a required second gap is reserved between the soft magnet and the first permanent magnet.
  • the sounding device is configured such that when a side wall of the fixing frame is bent toward the first cavity and fixed on the first sounding film or the partition member;
  • the coil is located in a space enclosed between the bent side wall of the fixed frame and the outer casing along a direction in which the diaphragm mechanism is disposed.
  • the soft magnetic body includes a mounting portion mounted on the outer casing; an extension portion formed on the mounting portion and extending in a direction parallel to a direction in which the vibrating plate is disposed; and being fixed to the extension portion a connecting portion on the portion, the other end of the connecting portion is fixed on the vibrating plate; and a required third gap is reserved between the extending portion and the vibrating plate along a vibration direction of the vibrating plate.
  • the connecting portion is perpendicular to the extending portion.
  • the driving mechanism is a piezoelectric vibrator suspended in the mounting cavity; the piezoelectric vibrator is connected to the vibrating plate through a connecting member.
  • the outer casing includes a first casing surrounded by a first bottom surface and a side wall, and a second casing surrounded by the second bottom surface and the side wall, the first casing An opening is fastened on the opening of the second housing to enclose the hollow cavity.
  • the sounding device comprises a casing, a diaphragm mechanism and a driving mechanism.
  • the diaphragm mechanism includes a first sounding film and a main vibration component; the outer cavity of the outer casing is divided into the first cavity and the second cavity which are not connected by the first sounding film; the second cavity is divided into the main vibration component by the main vibration component
  • the main sounding cavity and the mounting cavity are connected; the first sound hole and the second sound hole are respectively formed on the wall surface corresponding to the main sounding cavity and the first cavity on the outer casing.
  • the driving mechanism drives the vibration of the main vibration component, and the vibration of the main vibration component drives the air in the main sounding chamber to be compressed or expanded to generate a change in air pressure, and the first sounding film generates vibration under the driving of the changed air pressure; the main vibration component and The first sounding film vibrates respectively to generate sound in the main sounding cavity and the first cavity, and the two sounds are gathered together through the first sound hole and the second sound hole to generate a mixed sound to be transmitted to the outside.
  • the vibration frequency of the first sounding film is consistent with the vibration frequency of the main vibration component, but the main vibration component drives the vibration of the first sounding film by air, so the vibration of the first sounding film has a certain hysteresis compared to the main vibration component, which The sound produced by the first sounding film is caused to reverberate with the sound generated by the main vibration component to improve the low frequency characteristics of the sounding device, thereby improving the fullness and depth of the sound produced by the sounding device.
  • the first sounding film is at least two layers, and at least two layers of the first sounding film divide the first cavity into at least two secondary sounding cavities, and each of the second sounding cavities is provided with a first Two sound holes.
  • the vibration of the main vibration component is sequentially transmitted through the main sounding cavity, and is gradually transmitted to the corresponding first sounding film on the plurality of secondary sounding bodies, and the sounds generated by the vibrations of the plurality of first sounding films are passed through
  • the two sound holes merge with the sound generated by the main vibration component, and the reverberation effect between the main vibration component and the sound generated by the plurality of first sounding films is enhanced, and the low frequency characteristics of the sounding device are more effectively improved.
  • the sounding device provided by the present invention further includes a partitioning member, the first through hole is formed in the partitioning member, and the first sounding film is mounted on the outer casing by being mounted on the first through hole because the first sounding film is elastic
  • the main vibration component further comprises a fixing frame and a second sounding film, one end of the vibration plate is fixed on the fixing frame, the other end is suspended in the inner cavity of the fixing frame, and the second sounding film is fixed on the fixing film.
  • the frame is sealed and covered by a gap between the fixing frame and the vibration plate.
  • the vibrating plate has a fixed end at one end and a free end at the other end, which not only ensures that the main vibration component divides the second cavity into independent and non-connecting main sounding cavity and mounting cavity, and improves the degree of freedom of the vibrating plate. Under the same electromagnetic driving force, the vibration amplitude of the vibration plate is increased, thereby improving the sound of the sounding device.
  • the driving mechanism comprises at least one first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet corresponding to the first permanent magnet, a soft magnet and a coil.
  • an alternating magnetic field is generated.
  • the alternating magnetic field generated by the coil is concentrated on the soft magnet, and the soft magnet is opposite to the permanent magnet, so that the soft magnet is in the first permanent magnet.
  • Vibration is generated by the fixed magnetic field of the second permanent magnet, thereby driving the main vibration component to generate vibration.
  • one end of the fixing frame is bent toward the first cavity and sealed and fixed on the first sounding film or the partitioning member; and the folding coil is disposed at the folding frame in the direction of the diaphragm mechanism.
  • the height of the space is greater than the height of the rest of the mounting cavity, and a larger coil is installed in the space, which can reduce the height of the mounting cavity, thereby making the entire sounding device Thinner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sound emitting device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main vibration component of the sounding device of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the soft magnet of the sounding device of Figure 1;
  • Embodiment 4 is a top view of a soft magnetic body provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • This embodiment provides a sounding device, as shown in FIG. 1, including a casing 1, a diaphragm mechanism, a driving mechanism 4, a first sound hole 5, and a second sound hole 6.
  • the diaphragm mechanism includes a main vibration unit 33, a first sounding film 31, and a partition member 32.
  • the outer casing 1 has a hollow cavity 2; the first sounding film 31 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1, and the hollow cavity 2 is divided into the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22 which are not connected, preferably a flexible film.
  • the main vibration component 33 is mounted in the second inner cavity, and divides the second inner cavity into a main sounding cavity 221 and a mounting cavity 222 which are juxtaposed and not in communication with the first cavity 21, and the main sounding cavity 221 is close to the first One side of the sound-preventing film 31; correspondingly, the cavity 222 is mounted away from the side of the first sound-sense film 31; the first sound-emitting hole 5 is respectively formed on the wall surface of the outer casing 1 corresponding to the main sound-emitting cavity 221 and the first cavity 21 Second sound hole 6;
  • the driving mechanism 4 is disposed in the second inner cavity for driving the main vibration component 33 to reciprocally vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm mechanism.
  • the driving mechanism 4 drives the main vibration component 33 to vibrate, and the main vibration component 33 further drives the air in the main sounding cavity 221 to be compressed or expanded to generate a change in air pressure, and the first sounding film 31 generates vibration under the driving of the changed air pressure;
  • the main vibration component 33 and the first sounding film 31 vibrate to generate sounds in the main sounding cavity 221 and the first cavity 21, respectively, and the two sounds are respectively collected through the first sound hole 5 and the second sound hole 6 to Together, produce a mixed sound that is passed to the outside world.
  • the vibration frequency of the first sounding film 31 coincides with the vibration frequency of the main vibration component 33, but the main vibration component 33 is driven by the air to drive the first sounding film 31 to vibrate, thereby causing the vibration of the first sounding film 31 to be compared with the main vibration component.
  • There is a certain hysteresis which causes the sound generated by the first sounding film 31 to reverberate with the sound generated by the main vibration component 33 to improve the low frequency characteristics of the sound emitting device, thereby improving the fullness and depth of sound produced by the sound generating device.
  • the diaphragm mechanism further includes a partition member 32 corresponding to the first sounding film 31.
  • the partition member is a plate, and the outer edge of the partition member 32 is sealingly mounted on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1, and the upper portion thereof is opened.
  • the first cavity 21 is connected to the main sounding cavity 221, and the first sounding film 31 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1 by the edge sealing and mounting on the first through hole 321, and the main vibration component 33 is fixed. The vibration is still transmitted to the first sounding film 31 through the air in the main sounding chamber 221.
  • the first sounding film 31 is a film having elasticity. In the assembly process of the sounding device, it is difficult to directly seal the first sounding film 31 to the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1. The first sounding film 31 is transitioned through the partition member 32. Sealing the mounting to the outer casing 1 can reduce the difficulty of assembly and increase production efficiency.
  • the main vibration unit 33 includes a vibration plate 331, a fixing frame 332, and a second sounding film 333.
  • One end of the fixing frame 332 of the main vibration component 33 is bent toward the first cavity 21 and is sealed and fixed on the partition member 32 to form a bent portion 3321.
  • the bent portion 3321 is at an angle of 90 degrees to the body of the fixed frame 332, and is fixed.
  • the end faces of the remaining peripheral edges of the frame are sealingly fixed to the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1, and the entire fixing frame 332 has an L shape when viewed from the side.
  • the connecting portion is also provided with a rectangular through hole;
  • the second sounding film 333 is preferably a film having elasticity, and is attached to a side surface of the fixing frame 332 and the vibration plate 331 located in the main sounding cavity 221, and the fixing frame 332 and the vibration The gap between the plates 331 is sealed with the rectangular through holes on the vibrating plate 331.
  • the second covering film 333 covered by the seal ensures that the main vibration component 33 can divide the second cavity 22 into the main sounding cavity 221 and the mounting cavity 222 which are independent of each other and communicate with each other, thereby ensuring the sound quality of the two cavityes;
  • the structure of the fixing frame 332 and the vibration plate 331 also improves the degree of freedom of the vibration plate 331, and the vibration plate 331 can achieve a larger vibration amplitude under the same electromagnetic driving force.
  • the drive mechanism 4 includes a first permanent magnet 41, a second permanent magnet 42, a soft magnetic body 43, and a coil 44.
  • the bent portion 3321 of the fixing frame 332 along the setting direction of the partition member 32 forms a seating space with the side wall of the outer casing 1, such as the left side region of the second cavity 22 in FIG. 1, and the coil 44 is fixed to the corresponding mounting cavity 222.
  • the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1 is located in the yield space, the height of the yield space is greater than the height of the rest of the mounting cavity 222, and the larger coil 44 is installed in the yield space to reduce the installation cavity.
  • the height of the body 222 thereby making the entire sounding device thinner.
  • the soft magnetic body 43 passes through the inside of the coil 44, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1, and the other end of which is fixed to the surface of the vibrating plate 331 facing the side of the mounting cavity 222.
  • the first permanent magnet 41 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1 corresponding to the mounting cavity 222, and the second permanent magnet 42 is disposed in the main sounding cavity 221 and mounted on a side surface of the partition member 32 facing the main sounding cavity 221
  • the first permanent magnet 41 and the second permanent magnet 42 are disposed opposite to each other and have opposite polarities with respect to one another, and the other end of the soft magnetic body 43 is located between the first permanent magnet 41 and the second permanent magnet 42; a vibration direction of the main vibration component 33, a second gap is required between the first permanent magnet 41 and the soft magnetic body 43, and a required first gap is provided between the second permanent magnet 42 and the first sounding film 31.
  • the first gap and the second gap reserve enough space for the vibration of the main vibration unit 33 so that the first permanent magnet 41 and the second permanent magnet 42 do not interfere with the vibration of the main vibration unit 33.
  • An external audio electrical signal is applied to the coil 44, that is, the coil 44 is connected to an alternating current. At this time, the coil 44 generates an alternating magnetic field. Under the magnetization of the alternating magnetic field, the alternating magnetic field generated by the coil is concentrated on the soft magnet. The polarities of the two ends of the soft magnetic body 43 alternately change; the common fixed magnetic field direction of the first permanent magnet 41 and the second permanent magnet 42 is constant, so the soft magnetic body 43 is between the first permanent magnet 41 and the second permanent magnet 42. One end of the fixed magnetic field is subjected to a force that constantly changes in the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field to generate vibration, and then the vibration plate of the main vibration unit 33 is driven to vibrate.
  • the soft magnetic body 43 includes a mounting portion 431, an extending portion 432, and a connecting portion 433.
  • the mounting portion 431 is U-shaped and fixed to the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1, and a mounting portion 431 is further formed.
  • a strip-shaped extension portion 432 extending outward in a direction parallel to the direction in which the vibrating plate 331 is disposed, and a connecting portion 433 is formed at an outermost end of the extending portion 432, and the connecting portion 433 is preferably perpendicular to the extending portion 432
  • the other end of the connecting portion 433 is connected to the diaphragm 331, and the extending portion 432 is fixed to the diaphragm 331 via the connecting portion 433.
  • the arrangement of the connecting portion 433 ensures that a required third gap is reserved between the extending portion 432 and the vibrating plate 331, preventing the extending portion 432 from interfering with the vibration of the vibrating plate 331.
  • the outer casing 1 includes a first casing 11 and a second casing 12.
  • the first housing 11 is composed of a first bottom surface and a side wall;
  • the second housing 12 is composed of a second bottom surface and a side wall.
  • the opening of the first housing 11 is fastened to the opening of the second housing 12 to form the hollow cavity 2 of the entire outer casing 1.
  • the first housing 11 and the partitioning member 32 and the first sounding film 31 together form a first cavity 21; the second housing 12 and the partitioning member 32 and the first sounding film 31 together form a second cavity 22; main vibration
  • the assembly 33, the partition member 32, the first sounding film 31, and the inner wall surface of the second casing 12 partially enclose the main sounding cavity 221; the main vibration component 33 and the remaining inner wall surface of the second casing 12 are common
  • the mounting cavity 222 is enclosed.
  • the edge of the spacer member 32 is sealingly mounted on the outer end surface of the opening of the first housing 11 or the outer end surface of the opening of the second housing 12; the remaining side walls of the fixing frame 332 are sealingly fixed on the inner wall surface of the second housing 12; The mounting portion 431, the coil 44, and the first permanent magnet 41 are both fixed to the inner wall surface of the second casing 12.
  • the second sound hole 6 is opened on the wall surface of the first casing 11; the second soundproof hole 5 is formed in the second casing 12 corresponding to the wall surface of the main sounding cavity 221 .
  • the first sound hole 5 and the second sound hole 6 are located on the same side of the outer casing 1 and close to each other, and a sound tube 7 is mounted on the wall surface of the outer casing 1, the first sound hole 5 and the second sound hole. 6 is inside the sound tube 7, and the sound tube 7 can more effectively converge the sound from the first sound tube 7 and the second sound tube 7.
  • connection methods of sealing installation, fixing and installation mentioned above are all methods of welding and dispensing.
  • the diaphragm mechanism is disposed in the horizontal direction of FIG. 1, and the driving mechanism 4 is for driving the main vibration unit 33 to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm mechanism.
  • the vibrating plate of the main vibrating component 33 has its fixed end as the vibration fulcrum and vibrates up and down in the vertical direction. Since the vibrating fulcrum is relatively fixed, the vibrating plate forms an arc-shaped trajectory during the up and down vibration, and the driving mechanism 4 vibrates.
  • the driving force applied by the plate has a component in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, but the component force in the vertical direction is much larger than the component force in the horizontal direction. That is, the vibrating plate for driving the main vibrating assembly 33 by the driving mechanism 4 actually reciprocates in a direction intersecting with the diaphragm mechanism.
  • the present embodiment provides a sound emitting device that is different from the structure of the sound emitting device provided in Embodiment 1 only in that the first sounding film 31 is two, three, four or more layers.
  • the adjacent first sounding films 31 are disposed in parallel with each other and spaced apart by a desired pitch.
  • Each of the first sounding films 31 is mounted on the outer casing 1 through a partition member 32.
  • the first through hole 321 is defined in the partitioning member 32.
  • the first sounding film 31 is sealingly mounted on the first through hole 321, and the edge of the partitioning member 32 is provided.
  • the seal is mounted on the inner wall surface of the first casing 11, the outer end surface of the opening of the first casing 11, or the outer end surface of the opening of the second casing 12.
  • the innermost first sounding film 31, the partitioning member 32, the main vibration component 33, and the inner wall surface of the partial second casing 12 enclose a main sounding cavity 221; the adjacent first sounding film 31 and its corresponding partitioning member 32
  • the inner wall surface of the first casing 11 sandwiched between the two partition members 32 encloses a secondary sound cavity; the outermost first sounding film 31 and its corresponding partition member 32 and a portion of the first casing 11
  • the second sound emitting hole 6 is defined in the first housing 11 corresponding to the wall surface of each of the secondary sounding chambers. That is, the first cavity 21 is divided into n+1 sub-acoustic cavities by providing the n-layer isolation member 32 and the first acoustic film 31, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
  • the vibration of the main vibration component 33 is sequentially transmitted to the first sounding film 31 corresponding to the respective cavity through the main sounding cavity 221 and the plurality of secondary sounding cavities, and the sounds generated by the vibrations of the plurality of first sounding films 31 pass through the second sounding.
  • the hole 6 merges with the sound generated by the main vibration unit 33, and reinforces the reverberation effect between the main vibration unit 33 and the sound produced by the first sounding film 31, and more effectively improves the low frequency characteristics of the sounding device.
  • the present embodiment provides a sound emitting device which is different from the structure of the sound emitting device provided in Embodiment 1 or 2 only in that the outer casing 1 can be composed of the first casing 11, the second casing 12, and the third.
  • a plurality of shells, such as a casing, are formed together, and openings are formed at both ends of the casing at the middle, and the specific number is determined by the needs of production and processing.
  • the present embodiment provides a sound emitting device, which is different from the structure of the sound emitting device provided in any of the embodiments 1-3, except that the bent portion 3321 of the fixing frame 332 can be directly connected to the first Further, the angle formed by the bent portion 3321 and the main body of the fixed frame 332 may be any angle such as 20 degrees or 30 degrees.
  • the first sound absorbing film 31 may be directly sealed and mounted on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1 without providing the partition member 32.
  • the present embodiment provides a sound emitting device that is different from the structure of the sound emitting device provided in any of the embodiments 1-4 in that the connecting portion 433 can be 20 degrees and 30 degrees from the extending portion 432. At any angle, it is only necessary to ensure that a third gap is reserved between the extension portion 432 and the main vibration component 33.
  • the mounting portion 431 has a one-word structure.
  • the coil 44 may not be disposed in the yield space between the bent portion 3321 and the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1, and may be disposed at other positions within the mounting cavity 222, only at the intersection of the coil 44. Under the action of the variable magnetic field and the fixed magnetic field of the two permanent magnets, the vibrating plate 331 is driven to reciprocate.
  • the number of the second permanent magnets 42 may be two, three, or the like, and the number of the first permanent magnets 41 corresponds thereto; or, the first permanent magnets 41 may be disposed only or only The second permanent magnet 42; further, the number of the first permanent magnet 41 or the second permanent magnet 42 may be one, two, three, or the like.
  • the soft magnet 43 and the coil 44 may also be disposed in the main sounding cavity 221.
  • the drive mechanism 4 is not provided with the soft magnetic body 43, and only the coil 44 and the permanent magnet are provided.
  • the vibration plate 331 can also be driven to reciprocate.
  • the present embodiment provides a sound emitting device, which is different from the sound generating device provided in any of the embodiments 1-5 in that the driving mechanism 4 is different.
  • the driving mechanism 4 can be piezoelectric.
  • the vibrator and the connecting member are composed.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator is suspended on the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity 222, and the piezoelectric vibrator is connected to the main vibrating component 33 through the connecting member.
  • the piezoelectric vibrator is connected to the alternating current, the piezoelectric vibrator itself can do The vibration is reciprocated, and the main vibration unit 33 is driven to vibrate by the connecting member.
  • the present embodiment provides a sound emitting device that is different from the structure of the sound emitting device provided in any of the embodiments 1-6 only in that at least one side wall of the fixing frame 332 faces the mounting cavity 222.
  • the bending is fixed on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1; further, the fixing frame 332 is not provided with the bent portion 3321, and all the side walls thereof are directly sealed and fixed on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1.
  • the main vibration component 33 may not be provided with a fixing frame 332.
  • One end of the vibration plate 331 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1 as a fixed end, and the other end is suspended in the second cavity 22 as a free end.
  • the second sounding film 333 seals the gap between the vibration plate 331 and the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1; further, the second sounding film 333 may not be provided, and the edge of the vibration plate 331 is directly sealed and fixed to the inner wall surface of the outer casing 1.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声设备，包括具有空心腔体的外壳；安装在外壳上的第一发音膜，第一发音膜将空心腔体分割为第一腔体和第二腔体；安装在第二腔体内的主振动组件，主振动组件将第二腔体分割为主发声腔体和安装腔体；外壳上对应于主发声腔体和第一腔体的壁面上分别开设有第一出音孔和第二出音孔；设置在第二内腔中的驱动机构。驱动机构驱动主振动组件振动，该振动通过主发声腔体内的空气驱动第一发音膜产生振动；主振动组件以及第一发音膜产生的声音汇聚到一起，第一发音膜的振动相较于主振动组件保持一定的滞后，使得第一发音膜产生的声音与主振动组件产生的声音产生混响的效果，从而改善发声设备的低频特性，提高声音的丰满度以及深度感。

Description

一种发声设备 技术领域
本发明属于电声转换技术领域，具体涉及一种发声设备。
背景技术
发声设备是一种在无声音泄漏条件下将音频电信号转换成声音信号的电声器件，广泛用于移动电话、固定电话及助听器等通信终端设备中，实现音频(语音、音乐)重放。发声设备的主要原理是利用电磁感应和压电效应，也有利用电容器原理的电容式耳机，而利用电磁感应原理的发声设备主要有动铁式发声设备和动圈式发声设备。现有的动铁式发声设备结构，大多如中国专利文献CN103747374A公开的一种具有改良式壳体的发声设备，其包括壳体、振膜以及电磁驱动机构，振膜设置在壳体内并将壳体的内腔分隔为前腔和后腔，电磁驱动机构固定在后腔中。
电磁驱动机构包括传动杆、电枢、两块永磁体以及线圈；其中，电枢的一端固定在壳体的侧壁内壁面上，另一端通过传动杆与振膜连接；线圈套设在电枢上并靠近电枢与壳体的连接处，两块永磁体分别位于电枢靠近传动杆那一端的上下两侧并固定在壳体内壁面上。此结构的发声设备，当给线圈通交流电时，线圈产生交变磁场，同时电枢被交变磁场磁化而产生大小和方向都交替变化的磁极，在永磁体固定磁场的作用下，使得电枢产生不同频率以及振幅的振动，带动振膜发声。
但是，上述结构的发声设备与现有技术中的其它发声设备一样，都只拥有一个发声腔，其产生的声波主要为中高频段的声波，产生低频声波的能力较差，最终导致该结构的发声设备的低频特性较差。
发明内容
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于现有的发声设备低频特性较差。
为此，本发明提供一种发声设备，包括
外壳，具有空心腔体；
振膜机构，包括安装在所述外壳上的至少一层第一发音膜，所述第一发音膜将所述空心腔体分割为不连通的第一腔体和第二腔体；和安装在所述第二腔体内的主振动组件，所述主振动组件具有密封安装在所述外壳上的振动板；
所述主振动组件将所述第二腔体分割为与所述第一腔体并排且不连通的主发声腔体和安装腔体，所述主发声腔体靠近所述第一发音膜一侧；所述外壳上对应于所述主发声腔体和第一腔体的壁面上分别开设有第一出音孔和第二出音孔；
驱动机构，设置在所述第二内腔中，用于驱动所述振动板沿相交于所述振膜机构的设置方向做往复振动。
优选地，上述的发声设备，所述第一发音膜为至少两层，相邻两层所述第一发音膜相隔所需间距；
至少两层所述第一发音膜将所述第一腔体分割为与所述主发声腔体并排且相互不连通的至少两个次发声腔体；所述外壳上对应于所述次发声腔体的壁面上分别开设有所述第二出音孔。
优选地，上述的发声设备，还包括与所述第一发音膜一一对应的隔离部件；所述隔离部件安装在所述外壳内壁面上，其上开设有将所述第一腔体与所述主发声腔体连通的第一通孔，所述第一发音膜通过安装在所述第一通孔上而安装在所述外壳上。
优选地，上述的发声设备，所述主振动组件还包括固定框，所述振动板的一端固定在所述固定框上，另一端悬空在所述固定框的内腔中；以及安装在所述固定框上并至少将所述固定框与所述振动板之间的间隙密封覆 盖住的第二发音膜；
所述固定框密封安装在所述外壳上，或者所述固定框至少有一端朝向所述第一腔体方向折弯并密封固定在所述第一发音膜或所述隔离部件上，所述固定框的外周边缘的端面密封安装在外壳内壁面上。
优选地，上述的发声设备，所述驱动机构包括安装在所述外壳上并位于所述主振动组件任一侧的至少一个第一永磁体；一端固定在所述外壳上，另一端固定在所述振动板上的软磁体，所述软磁体与所述第一永磁体相对；以及套设在所述软磁体上的线圈。
进一步优选地，上述的发声设备，所述驱动机构还包括第二永磁体，所述第二永磁体和所述第一永磁体分别位于所述主发声腔体和所述安装腔体内；所述第二永磁体与所述第一永磁体一一相对且相互面对的一端的极性相反；
所述软磁体和所述线圈位于所述安装腔体内；所述主振动组件和所述软磁体位于所述第二永磁体与所述第一永磁体之间；沿所述振动板的振动方向，所述主振动组件与所述第二永磁体之间预留所需第一间隙，所述软磁体与所述第一永磁体之间预留所需第二间隙。
进一步优选地，上述的发声设备，当所述固定框的一侧壁朝向第一腔体方向折弯并固定在所述第一发音膜或所述隔离部件上时；
沿所述振膜机构的设置方向，所述线圈位于所述固定框的该折弯侧壁与所述外壳之间围成的空间内。
优选地，上述的发声设备，所述软磁体包括安装在所述外壳上的安装部；成型在所述安装部上并沿平行于振动板的设置方向延伸的延伸部；以及固定在所述延伸部上的连接部，所述连接部的另一端固定在所述振动板上；沿所述振动板的振动方向，所述延伸部与所述振动板之间预留所需第三间隙。
进一步优选地，上述的发声设备，所述连接部垂直于所述延伸部。
优选地，上述的发声设备，所述驱动机构为悬空安装在所述安装腔体内的压电振子；所述压电振子通过连接件连接于所述振动板。
优选地，上述的发声设备，所述外壳包括由第一底面与侧壁围成的第一壳体，和由第二底面与侧壁围成的第二壳体，所述第一壳体的开口扣设在所述第二壳体的开口上，以围成所述空心腔体。
本发明提供的技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本发明提供的发声设备，包括外壳、振膜机构以及驱动机构。振膜机构包括第一发音膜以及主振动组件；外壳具有的空心腔体被第一发音膜分割为不连通的第一腔体和第二腔体；第二腔体被主振动组件分割为不连通的主发声腔体和安装腔体；外壳上对应于主发声腔体与第一腔体的壁面上分别开设有第一出音孔和第二出音孔。驱动机构驱动主振动组件振动，主振动组件的振动会驱动主发声腔体内的空气被压缩或扩展，产生气压的变化，在变化的气压的驱动下，第一发音膜产生振动；主振动组件以及第一发音膜振动分别在主发声腔体以及第一腔体内产生声音，这两个声音经过第一出音孔以及第二出音孔后汇聚到一起，产生一个混合的声音传递到外界。
第一发音膜的振动频率与主振动组件的振动频率一致，但是主振动组件是通过空气去驱动第一发音膜振动，所以第一发音膜的振动相较于主振动组件存在一定的滞后，这使得第一发音膜产生的声音与主振动组件产生的声音产生混响，来改善发声设备的低频特性，从而提高发声设备产生声音的丰满度以及深度感。
2.本发明提供的发声设备，第一发音膜为至少两层，至少两层第一发音膜将第一腔体分割为至少两个次发声腔体，每个次发声腔体内都设有第二出音孔。
此结构的发声设备，主振动组件的振动依次通过主发声腔体，逐渐地传递给多个次发声腔体上各自对应的第一发音膜，多个第一发音膜振动产 生的声音均通过第二出音孔与主振动组件产生的声音相汇合，加强主振动组件与多层第一发音膜分别产生的声音之间的混响效果，更有效地改善发声设备的低频特性。
3.本发明提供的发声设备，还包括隔离部件，隔离部件上开设有第一通孔，第一发音膜通过安装在第一通孔上而安装在外壳上，因为第一发音膜为具有弹性的薄膜，在发声设备的装配过程中，直接将第一发音膜安装到外壳上难度较大，通过隔离部件将第一发音膜安装到外壳上使得装配过程更为简便。
4.本发明提供的发声设备，主振动组件还包括固定框以及第二发音膜，振动板的一端固定在固定框上，另一端悬空在固定框的内腔中，第二发音膜安装在固定框上并将固定框与振动板之间的间隙密封覆盖。振动板一端为固定端，另一端为自由端，不仅保证主振动组件将第二腔体分割成相互独立且不连通的主发声腔体与安装腔体，而且提高了振动板的自由度，在相同的电磁驱动力下，增大振动板的振动幅度，进而改善发声设备的声响。
5.本发明提供的发声设备，驱动机构包括至少一个第一永磁体、与第一永磁体一一对应的第二永磁体、软磁体以及线圈。当线圈内通过交流电时会产生一个交变的磁场，在该交变磁场的磁化下，线圈产生的交变磁场集中在软磁体上，软磁体与永磁体相对，使得软磁体在第一永磁体与第二永磁体固定磁场的作用下会产生振动，从而驱动主振动组件产生振动。
6.本发明提供的发声设备，固定框的一端朝向第一腔体方向折弯并密封固定在第一发音膜或隔离部件上；沿振膜机构的设置方向，线圈设置在固定框的该折弯部与外壳之间围成的空间内，该空间的高度大于安装腔体其余部分的高度，将体积较大的线圈安装在该空间内，可以减少安装腔体的高度，从而使得整个发声设备更薄。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1中提供的发声设备剖面示意图；
图2为图1中发声设备的主振动组件结构示意图；
图3为图1中发声设备的软磁体俯视图；
图4为本发明实施例5中提供的软磁体俯视图；
附图标记说明：
1-外壳；11-第一壳体；12-第二壳体；
2-空心腔体；21-第一腔体；22-第二腔体；221-主发声腔体；222-安装腔体；
31-第一发音膜；32-隔离部件；321-第一通孔；33-主振动组件；331-振动板；332-固定框；3321-折弯部；333-第二发音膜；
4-驱动机构；41-第一永磁体；42-第二永磁体；43-软磁体；431-安装部；432-延伸部；433-连接部；44-线圈；
5-第一出音孔；
6-第二出音孔；
7-出音管。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种发声设备，如图1所示，包括外壳1、振膜机构、驱动机构4、第一出音孔5以及第二出音孔6。其中，振膜机构包括主振动组件33、第一发音膜31以及隔离部件32。
外壳1具有空心腔体2；第一发音膜31固定在外壳1的内壁面上，将空心腔体2分割成不连通的第一腔体21和第二腔体22，优选为具有弹性的薄膜；主振动组件33安装在第二内腔中，将第二内腔分割成与第一腔体21并排且不连通的主发声腔体221和安装腔体222，主发声腔体221靠近第一发音膜31一侧；对应地安装腔体222远离第一发音膜31一侧；外壳1上对应于主发声腔体221和第一腔体21的壁面上分别开设有第一出音孔5和第二出音孔6；
驱动机构4设置在第二内腔中，用于驱动主振动组件33沿垂直与振膜机构设置的方向做往复振动。驱动机构4驱动主振动组件33振动，主振动组件33进而带动主发声腔体221内的空气被压缩或扩展，产生气压的变化，在变化的气压的驱动下，第一发音膜31产生振动；主振动组件33和第一发音膜31振动分别在主发声腔体221和第一腔体21内产生声音，这两个声音分别经过第一出音孔5和第二出音孔6后汇聚到一起，产生一个混合的声音传递到外界。第一发音膜31的振动频率与主振动组件33的振动频率一致，但是主振动组件33是通过空气去驱动第一发音膜31振动，所以导致第一发音膜31的振动相较于主振动组件33存在一定的滞后，这使得第一发音膜31产生的声音与主振动组件33产生的声音产生混响，来改善发声设备的低频特性，从而提高发声设备产生声音的丰满度以及深度感。
如图1所示，振膜机构还包括与第一发音膜31一一对应的隔离部件32，隔离部件呈板块，隔离部件32的外边缘密封安装在外壳1内壁面上，其上开设有将第一腔体21与主发声腔体221连通的第一通孔321，第一发音膜31通过其边缘密封安装在第一通孔321上而固定在外壳1的内壁面上，主振动组件33依然通过主发声腔体221内的空气将振动传递到第一发音膜31上。
第一发音膜31为具有弹性的薄膜，在发声设备的装配过程中，直接将第一发音膜31密封安装到外壳1的内壁面上难度较大，通过隔离部件32过渡将第一发音膜31密封安装到外壳1上能够降低装配的难度，提高生产效率。
如图1和图2所示，主振动组件33包括振动板331、固定框332以及第二发音膜333。
主振动组件33中固定框332的一端朝向第一腔体21方向折弯且密封固定在隔离部件32上，形成一个折弯部3321，折弯部3321与固定框332本体成90度角，固定框其余的外周边缘的端面密封固定在外壳1的内壁面 上，从侧面看去，整个固定框332呈一个L形。
振动板331的一端固定在固定框332具有折弯部3321的一端上，作为固定端，另一端悬空在固定框332的内腔中，作为自由端，振动板331上靠近其与固定框332的连接处还开设有矩形通孔；第二发音膜333优选为具有弹性的薄膜，贴合在固定框332与振动板331位于主发声腔体221内的一侧表面上，将固定框332与振动板331之间的间隙与振动板331上的矩形通孔密封覆盖住。
密封覆盖的第二发音膜333保证了主振动组件33能将第二腔体22分割成相互独立且不连通的主发声腔体221与安装腔体222，保证两个腔体的发声质量；同时，固定框332与振动板331的结构还提高了振动板331的自由度，在相同的电磁驱动力下，使得振动板331可以达到更大的振动幅度。
如图1所示，驱动机构4包括第一永磁体41、第二永磁体42、软磁体43以及线圈44。
沿隔离部件32的设置方向固定框332的折弯部3321与外壳1的侧壁形成一个让位空间，如图1中第二腔体22的左侧区域，线圈44固定在对应安装腔体222的外壳1的内壁面上且位于该让位空间内，该让位空间的高度大于安装腔体222其余部分的高度，将体积较大的线圈44安装在该让位空间内，可以减少安装腔体222的高度，从而使得整个发声设备更薄。
软磁体43穿过线圈44的内部，一端固定在外壳1的内壁面上，另一端固定在振动板331朝向安装腔体222一侧的表面上。
第一永磁体41固定在对应安装腔体222的外壳1的内壁面上，第二永磁体42设置在主发声腔体221内且安装在隔离部件32朝向主发声腔体221的一侧表面上；第一永磁体41与第二永磁体42相互正对设置且相互面对的一面具有相反的极性，软磁体43的另一端位于第一永磁体41和第二永磁体42之间；沿主振动组件33的振动方向，第一永磁体41与软磁体43 之间设有所需的第二间隙，第二永磁体42与第一发音膜31之间设有所需的第一间隙，第一间隙以及第二间隙给主振动组件33的振动预留出足够的空间，使第一永磁体41以及第二永磁体42不会干涉主振动组件33的振动。
在线圈44上施加外界音频电信号，即给线圈44通交流电，这时线圈44会产生一个交变的磁场，在该交变磁场的磁化下，线圈产生的交变磁场集中在软磁体上且软磁体43两端的极性会交替变化；第一永磁体41以及第二永磁体42共同的固定磁场方向是不变的，所以软磁体43处于第一永磁体41与第二永磁体42之间的一端会受到固定磁场方向与大小都不断变化的作用力而产生振动，然后再驱动主振动组件33的振动板振动。
如图1和图3所示，软磁体43包括安装部431、延伸部432、连接部433，安装部431呈U形并固定在外壳1的内壁面上，在安装部431上还成型有一个条状的延伸部432，延伸部432沿平行于振动板331的设置方向向外延伸，在延伸部432的最外端处成型有连接部433，连接部433优选为与延伸部432相互垂直的柱状结构，连接部433的另一端与振动板331连接，延伸部432通过连接部433固定在振动板331上。
沿振动板331的振动方向，连接部433的设置保证了延伸部432与振动板331之间预留有所需的第三间隙，防止延伸部432干涉振动板331的振动。
如图1所示，外壳1包括第一壳体11以及第二壳体12。第一壳体11由第一底面与侧壁构成；第二壳体12由第二底面与侧壁构成。第一壳体11的开口扣设固定在第二壳体12的开口上，形成整个外壳1的空心腔体2。
第一壳体11与隔离部件32以及第一发音膜31共同围成第一腔体21；第二壳体12与隔离部件32以及第一发音膜31共同围成第二腔体22；主振动组件33、隔离部件32、第一发音膜31以及第二壳体12部分内壁面之间共同围成主发声腔体221；主振动组件33以及第二壳体12的其余部分内壁面之间共同围成安装腔体222。
隔离部件32的边缘密封安装在第一壳体11开口的外端面上或第二壳体12开口的外端面上；固定框332的其余侧壁密封固定在第二壳体12的内壁面上；安装部431、线圈44以及第一永磁体41都固定在第二壳体12的内壁面上。
第二出音孔6开设在第一壳体11的壁面上；第二壳体12对应于主发声腔体221的壁面上开设有第一出音孔5。第一出音孔5与第二出音孔6位于外壳1的同侧且相互靠近，在外壳1的壁面上还安装有一个出音管7，第一出音孔5与第二出音孔6均处于该出音管7内部，出音管7能够更有效地将第一出音管7与第二出音管7传出的声音汇聚到一起。
以上所提及的密封安装、固定、安装等连接方式均为焊接、点胶等方式。
另外，需要说明的是，如图1中所示，振膜机构沿图1中水平方向设置，驱动机构4用于驱动主振动组件33沿垂直于振膜机构设置的方向做往复振动。意思是主振动组件33的振动板以其固定端为振动支点，在竖向做上下振动，由于振动支点相对固定，则振动板在上下振动过程中形成弧形的运动轨迹，驱动机构4对振动板施加的驱动力在竖直方向和水平方向上都有分力，但竖直方向上的分力远大于水平方向的分力。也就是说，驱动机构4用于驱动主振动组件33的振动板实际上沿相交于振膜机构设置的方向做往复振动。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种发声设备，其与实施例1中提供的发声设备的结构相比，存在的区别仅在于，第一发音膜31为两层、三层、四层或者更多层，相邻的第一发音膜31均相互平行设置并相隔所需的间距。
每个第一发音膜31都通过一个隔离部件32安装在外壳1上，隔离部件32上开设第一通孔321，第一发音膜31密封安装在第一通孔321上，隔 离部件32的边缘密封安装在第一壳体11的内壁面上、第一壳体11开口的外端面上，或是第二壳体12开口的外端面上。
最内侧的第一发音膜31、隔离部件32、主振动组件33以及部分第二壳体12的内壁面围成主发声腔体221；相邻的第一发音膜31及其对应的隔离部件32、夹在两个隔离部件32之间的第一壳体11的内壁面围成一个次发声腔体；最外侧的第一发音膜31及其对应的隔离部件32与部分第一壳体11围成一个次发声腔体；第一壳体11对应与每个次发声腔体的壁面上均开设有第二出音孔6。也即，通过设置n层的隔离部件32和第一发音膜31将第一腔体21分割成n+1个次发声腔体，n为大于等于1的自然数。
主振动组件33的振动依次通过主发声腔体221以及多个次发声腔体传递给各自腔体对应的第一发音膜31，多个第一发音膜31振动产生的声音均通过第二出音孔6与主振动组件33产生的声音相汇合，加强主振动组件33与第一发音膜31分别产生的声音之间的混响效果，更有效地改善发声设备的低频特性。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种发声设备，其与实施例1或2中提供的发声设备的结构相比，存在的区别仅在于，外壳1可以由第一壳体11、第二壳体12、第三壳体等多个壳体共同构成，位于中间的壳体两端均开设开口，具体数量由生产加工需要所决定。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种发声设备，其与实施例1-3中任一实施例提供的发声设备的结构相比，存在的区别仅在于，固定框332的折弯部3321可以直接连接在第一发音膜31上；进一步地，折弯部3321与固定框332本体所成的角度可以为20度、30度等任意角度。
作为变形实施方式，还可以不设置隔离部件32，将第一发音膜31直接 密封安装在外壳1的内壁面上。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种发声设备，其与实施例1-4中任一实施例提供的发声设备的结构相比，存在的区别仅在于，连接部433可以与延伸部432呈20度、30度等任意角度，只需要保证延伸部432与主振动组件33之间预留有第三间隙即可。
作为进一步的变形，如图4所示，所述安装部431为一字型结构。
作为可替换的实施方式，线圈44可以不设置在折弯部3321与外壳1内壁面之间的让位空间内，可以设置在安装腔体222内的其它位置，只需在线圈44产生的交变磁场与两个永磁体的固定磁场的作用下，驱动振动板331做往复振动即可。
作为进一步的可替换实施方式，第二永磁体42的数量可以为二个、三个等数量，第一永磁体41的数量与之对应；或者，还可以仅设置第一永磁体41或者仅设置第二永磁体42；进一步地，第一永磁体41或第二永磁体42的数量可以为一个、两个、三个等。
作为进一步可替换的实施方式，软磁体43和线圈44也可以设置在主发声腔体221中。或者驱动机构4不设置软磁体43，仅设置线圈44和永磁体，永磁体固定在振动板331上且与线圈44相对时，也能够驱动振动板331做往复振动。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种发声设备，其与实施例1-5中任一实施例提供的发声设备相比，存在的区别仅在于，驱动机构4不同，本实施例中驱动机构4可以由压电振子和连接件组成，压电振子悬空在安装腔体222的内壁面上，通过连接件将压电振子与主振动组件33连接在一起，给压电振子通交流电时，压电振子自身会做往复振动，进而通过连接件驱动主振动组件33振动。
实施例7
本实施例提供一种发声设备，其与实施例1-6中任一实施例提供的发声设备的结构相比，存在的区别仅在于，固定框332的至少一侧壁朝向安装腔体222方向折弯固定在外壳1内壁面上；进一步地固定框332不设置折弯部3321，其所有侧壁均直接密封固定在外壳1内壁面上。
作为进一步可替换的实施方式，主振动组件33可以不设置固定框332，振动板331的一端固定在外壳1内壁面上作为固定端，另一端悬空在第二腔体22中作为自由端，通过第二发音膜333将振动板331与外壳1内壁面之间的间隙密封覆盖住；进一步地，可以不设置第二发音膜333，振动板331的边缘直接密封固定在外壳1的内壁面上。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种发声设备，其特征在于，包括
    外壳(1)，具有空心腔体(2)；
    振膜机构，包括安装在所述外壳(1)上的至少一层第一发音膜(31)，所述第一发音膜(31)将所述空心腔体(2)分割为不连通的第一腔体(21)和第二腔体(22)；和安装在所述第二腔体(22)内的主振动组件(33)，所述主振动组件(33)具有密封安装在所述外壳(1)上的振动板(331)；
    所述主振动组件(33)将所述第二腔体(22)分割为与所述第一腔体(21)并排且不连通的主发声腔体(221)和安装腔体(222)，所述主发声腔体(221)靠近所述第一发音膜(31)一侧；所述外壳(1)上对应于所述主发声腔体(221)和第一腔体(21)的壁面上分别开设有第一出音孔(5)和第二出音孔(6)；
    驱动机构(4)，设置在所述第二内腔中，用于驱动所述振动板(331)沿相交于所述振膜机构的设置方向做往复振动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述第一发音膜(31)为至少两层，相邻两层所述第一发音膜(31)相隔所需间距；
    至少两层所述第一发音膜(31)将所述第一腔体(21)分割为与所述主发声腔体(221)并排且相互不连通的至少两个次发声腔体；所述外壳(1)上对应于所述次发声腔体的壁面上分别开设有所述第二出音孔(6)。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的发声设备，其特征在于，还包括与所述第一发音膜(31)一一对应的隔离部件(32)；所述隔离部件(32)安装在所述外壳(1)内壁面上，其上开设有将所述第一腔体(21)与所述主发声腔体(221)连通的第一通孔(321)，所述第一发音膜(31)通过安装在所述第一通孔(321)上而安装在所述外壳(1)上。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述主振 动组件(33)还包括固定框(332)，所述振动板(331)的一端固定在所述固定框(332)上，另一端悬空在所述固定框(332)的内腔中；以及安装在所述固定框(332)上并至少将所述固定框(332)与所述振动板(331)之间的间隙密封覆盖住的第二发音膜(333)；
    所述固定框(332)密封安装在所述外壳(1)上；或者所述固定框(332)至少有一端朝向所述第一腔体(21)方向折弯并密封固定在所述第一发音膜(31)或所述隔离部件(32)上，所述固定框(332)的外周边缘的端面密封安装在所述外壳(1)内壁面上。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述驱动机构(4)包括安装在所述外壳(1)上并位于所述主振动组件(33)任一侧的至少一个第一永磁体(41)；一端固定在所述外壳(1)上，另一端固定在所述振动板(331)上的软磁体(43)，所述软磁体43与所述第一永磁体41相对；以及套设在所述软磁体(43)上的线圈(44)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述驱动机构(4)还包括第二永磁体(42)，所述第二永磁体(42)和所述第一永磁体(41)分别位于所述主发声腔体(221)和所述安装腔体(222)内；所述第二永磁体(42)与所述第一永磁体(41)一一相对且相互面对的一端的极性相反；
    所述软磁体(43)和所述线圈(44)位于所述安装腔体(222)内；所述主振动组件(33)和所述软磁体(43)位于所述第二永磁体(42)与所述第一永磁体(41)之间；沿所述振动板(331)的振动方向，所述主振动组件(33)与所述第二永磁体(42)之间预留所需第一间隙，所述软磁体(43)与所述第一永磁体(41)之间预留所需第二间隙。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声设备，其特征在于，当所述固定框(332)的一侧壁朝向第一腔体(21)方向折弯并固定在所述第一发音膜(31)或所述隔离部件(32)上时；
    沿所述振膜机构的设置方向，所述线圈(44)位于所述固定框(332)的该折弯侧壁与所述外壳(1)之间围成的空间内。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述软磁体(43)包括安装在所述外壳(1)上的安装部(431)；成型在所述安装部(431)上并沿平行于振动板(331)的设置方向延伸的延伸部(432)；以及固定在所述延伸部(432)上的连接部(433)，所述连接部(433)的另一端固定在所述振动板(331)上；沿所述振动板(331)的振动方向，所述延伸部(432)与所述振动板(331)之间预留所需第三间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述连接部(433)垂直于所述延伸部(432)。
  10. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述驱动机构(4)为悬空安装在所述安装腔体(222)内的压电振子；所述压电振子通过连接件连接于所述振动板(331)。
  11. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的发声设备，其特征在于，所述外壳(1)包括由第一底面与侧壁围成的第一壳体(11)，和由第二底面与侧壁围成的第二壳体(12)，所述第一壳体(11)的开口扣设在所述第二壳体(12)的开口上，以围成所述空心腔体(2)。
PCT/CN2018/117170 2017-11-24 2018-11-23 一种发声设备 WO2019101161A1 (zh)

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