WO2019097634A1 - 舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法、疲労度評価装置、余寿命診断方法、余寿命診断装置、およびシステム - Google Patents
舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法、疲労度評価装置、余寿命診断方法、余寿命診断装置、およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019097634A1 WO2019097634A1 PCT/JP2017/041294 JP2017041294W WO2019097634A1 WO 2019097634 A1 WO2019097634 A1 WO 2019097634A1 JP 2017041294 W JP2017041294 W JP 2017041294W WO 2019097634 A1 WO2019097634 A1 WO 2019097634A1
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- diesel engine
- marine diesel
- fatigue
- evaluation point
- evaluation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
- F02D19/0634—Determining a density, viscosity, composition or concentration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
- F02D19/0657—Heavy or light fuel oils; Fuels characterised by their impurities such as sulfur content or differences in grade, e.g. for ships
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D45/00—Electrical control not provided for in groups F02D41/00 - F02D43/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0611—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/1002—Output torque
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for evaluating fatigue of components of a marine diesel engine, a device for evaluating fatigue, a method for diagnosing remaining life, a device for evaluating remaining life, and a system.
- Patent Document 1 For the maintenance of parts that make up a marine diesel engine (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as an engine), a document such as an instruction manual etc. has a maintenance time based on the recommended maintenance interval and the operating time of the engine. It has been determined (Patent Document 1).
- the maintenance time described in the conventional document is not determined in accordance with the actual use condition such as the operating condition of the engine and the property of the fuel used.
- the ratio of low load operation time to the engine operation time is higher than the ratio assumed when determining the maintenance time described in the document, etc., the parts wear or wear, etc. Degradation is smaller than expected. Deterioration that is different from such an assumption is particularly likely to occur in components in or near the combustion chamber of the engine. Therefore, if inspections and replacements are carried out at the maintenance time specified in writing, the engine will be stopped, disassembled and inspected, or parts replaced, even though the target parts can still be used. It becomes. As a result, unnecessary work time, work cost and parts replacement cost will be incurred, and there is a problem that the efficiency of the operation of the organization is reduced.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and regarding the component parts of a marine diesel engine, the fatigue degree evaluation method of the component parts of the marine diesel engine which can more appropriately present the inspection and replacement time, the fatigue level
- An object of the present invention is to provide an evaluation device, a remaining life diagnosis method, a remaining life diagnosis device, and a system.
- the method for evaluating fatigue of a component of a marine diesel engine is a method of evaluating the fatigue of a component of a marine diesel engine An operation load evaluation point relating to an operation load of the marine diesel engine, an operation load fluctuation evaluation point relating to a change in an operation load of the marine diesel engine, and an operation cycle evaluation point relating to an operation cycle of the marine diesel engine; Generating at least two of a fuel property evaluation point relating to the fuel property of the marine diesel engine, a flammability evaluation point relating to the combustibility of the fuel, and an exhaust gas temperature evaluation point relating to the exhaust gas temperature of the marine diesel engine; Calculating the total evaluation point of the fatigue degree of the component by adding the at least two evaluation points generated, And evaluating the degree of fatigue of the component based on the overall score.
- the operating load evaluation point is an average load factor of the marine diesel engine and fatigue related to operating load set for each component It is characterized by including a product with a degree influence coefficient.
- the operating load fluctuation evaluation point is an accumulated number of times of start / stop of the marine diesel engine and an accumulated start set for each of the component
- the product of the fatigue influence factor related to the number of stops, the cumulative number of reciprocating operations which is an accumulated value of the number of reciprocating operations between the low load area and the high load area of the marine diesel engine set for each component;
- a product of the fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the cumulative number of reciprocation operations set for each of the component parts is an accumulated number of times of start / stop of the marine diesel engine and an accumulated start set for each of the component.
- the operation cycle evaluation point is an accumulated operation cycle set for each of the component parts and an accumulated number of operation cycles of the marine diesel engine.
- the product of the number of fatigue influence factors and the load cumulative operation cycle number which is the cumulative number of operation cycles of the marine diesel engine at or above the load factor set for each component, set for each component And a product of a fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the number of load accumulated operation cycles.
- the fuel property evaluation point is a concentration of a component contained in the fuel and a concentration of the component set for each component It is characterized in that it includes the product of the fatigue degree influential factor.
- the method of evaluating the degree of fatigue of a component of a marine diesel engine according to one aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the component is one or more selected from the group consisting of sulfur, vanadium, sodium, aluminum and silicon, and sediment. Do.
- the fuel property evaluation point is set for each component as a ratio of the concentration of two components contained in the fuel. It is characterized in that it includes a product of the concentration ratio and the fatigue degree influence coefficient.
- the method of evaluating the degree of fatigue of a component of a marine diesel engine according to one aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the ratio is the ratio of the concentration of sodium to the concentration of vanadium.
- the combustibility evaluation point is set for each component as a value of CCAI which is a calculated carbon aroma index of the fuel , And a fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the flammability.
- the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point is a fatigue related to the measured temperature of the exhaust gas and the temperature of the exhaust gas set for each component It is characterized by including a product with a degree influence coefficient.
- the remaining life diagnosis method for a component of a marine diesel engine according to an aspect of the present invention is the remaining life of the component based on the fatigue degree of the component evaluated by the fatigue degree evaluation method according to the aspect of the present invention. To diagnose.
- the fatigue degree evaluation device of a component of a marine diesel engine is a device for evaluating the fatigue degree of a component of a marine diesel engine, and regarding the component, the operation load of the marine diesel engine Operating load evaluation point, Operating load fluctuation evaluation point related to fluctuation of operating load of the marine diesel engine, Operating cycle evaluation point related to operating cycle of the marine diesel engine, and Fuel property evaluation point related to fuel characteristics of the marine diesel engine And at least two evaluation points among the flammability evaluation point related to the combustibility of the fuel and the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point related to the temperature of the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine, and the comprehensive evaluation point of the fatigue degree of the component And a calculating unit that calculates, and an evaluating unit that evaluates the degree of fatigue of the component based on the comprehensive evaluation point. And wherein the door.
- the device for assessing remaining life of a component of a marine diesel engine is a device for diagnosing the remaining life of a component of a marine diesel engine, and the component related to the operating load of the marine diesel engine Operating load evaluation point, Operating load fluctuation evaluation point related to fluctuation of operating load of the marine diesel engine, Operating cycle evaluation point related to operating cycle of the marine diesel engine, and Fuel property evaluation point related to fuel characteristics of the marine diesel engine And at least two evaluation points among the flammability evaluation point related to the combustibility of the fuel and the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point related to the temperature of the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine, and the comprehensive evaluation point of the fatigue degree of the component
- a system according to an aspect of the present invention includes the marine diesel engine, and the fatigue degree evaluation device or the remaining life diagnosis device according to the aspect of the present invention.
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is effective in the inspection of the component of a marine diesel engine, and being able to show the time of replacement
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration in the vicinity of the combustion chamber of the engine.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the load factor of the engine and the ratio of the operating time of the engine at the load factor.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram for explaining the cumulative number of times of engine start / stop.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining the cumulative number of times of engine start / stop.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining the cumulative number of reciprocating operations of the engine.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram for explaining the cumulative number of reciprocating operations of the engine.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram for explaining the cumulative number of operation cycles of the engine.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration in the vicinity of the combustion chamber of the engine.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an
- FIG. 6B is a diagram for explaining the cumulative number of operation cycles equal to or higher than the load threshold value of the engine.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining changes in parameters related to the property of the fuel with respect to the operation time.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the change of the CCAI value with respect to the operating time.
- FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the change of the exhaust gas temperature with respect to the operation time.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the comprehensive evaluation points.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the prediction of the remaining life.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a system according to the embodiment.
- This system 100 evaluates the fatigue level of the engine 1 which is a marine diesel engine, the engine control unit 2 which controls the operation of the engine 1, and the components of the engine 1, and also evaluates and diagnoses the remaining life. It has 3 and.
- the engine 1 is a two-stroke diesel engine such as a well-known uniflow swept exhaust cross-head diesel engine, for example, a six-cylinder engine, but the number of cylinders is not particularly limited.
- the output shaft 1a of the engine 1 is connected to a propulsion propeller of a ship on which the engine 1 is mounted via a propeller shaft (not shown). By operating the engine 1, the propulsion propeller rotates to generate propulsion of the ship. Further, the engine 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 1 b for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration in the vicinity of the combustion chamber of the engine 1.
- the structure of the vicinity of the combustion chamber in any cylinder of the engine 1 is also the same, one cylinder in it will be described.
- the engine 1 includes a cylinder liner 1c, a cylinder cover 1d, a piston 1e, a piston rod 1f, an exhaust valve seat 1g, an exhaust valve box 1h, an exhaust valve 1i, a cover 1j, and a fuel injection valve 1k. It is configured to include a connection pipe 1l and an exhaust manifold 1m.
- the cylinder cover 1d is attached to the upper portion of the cylinder liner 1c, and forms a cylindrical space in which the piston 1e reciprocates.
- the piston 1e includes a piston crown 1ea, a plurality of (three in this embodiment) piston rings 1eb and a piston skirt 1ec.
- the piston ring 1eb is incorporated into the piston 1e by being fitted into a groove provided in the piston crown 1ea.
- the piston rod 1f is connected to the piston 1e.
- the lower portion of the piston rod 1f is connected to the crankshaft via a crosshead (not shown), and the crankshaft is connected to the output shaft 1a.
- the exhaust valve 1i includes a valve 1ia and a valve stem 1ib.
- the exhaust valve seat 1g is incorporated in the upper portion of the cylinder cover 1d, and the valve body 1ia of the exhaust valve 1i is configured so as to be seated thereon, and forms an exhaust port 1ga.
- a combustion chamber R is formed by the cylinder liner 1c, the cylinder cover 1d, the piston 1e, and the valve body 1ia.
- the exhaust valve box 1h is attached to the upper portion of the cylinder cover 1d, and has an exhaust port 1ha communicating with the exhaust port 1ga of the exhaust valve seat 1g, and supports the valve rod 1ib of the exhaust valve 1i. .
- the cover 1j is attached to the upper portion of the exhaust valve box 1h, and accommodates the exhaust valve actuating device 1ja configured to be capable of reciprocating the exhaust valve 1i.
- the exhaust valve 1i is biased and supported in a direction to close the exhaust port 1ga by a biasing member (for example, a compression spring, an air spring, etc.) not shown.
- a hydraulic oil tank (not shown) is connected to one end of the hydraulic oil supply pipe 4a, and the other end is connected to the exhaust valve actuating device 1ja, and an oil supply pump 4b is provided in the middle. .
- the exhaust valve 1i closes the exhaust port 1ga by the biasing member
- the oil supply pump 4b is driven, and the hydraulic oil pressurized by the oil supply pump 4b is exhausted through the hydraulic oil supply pipe 4a.
- the pressure is supplied to the valve actuation device 1ja to lower the exhaust valve 1i against the biasing member.
- the exhaust valve 1i opens the exhaust port 1ga only while the on-off valve 4c is open, and closes the exhaust port 1ga when the on-off valve 4c is closed.
- the opening and closing of the on-off valve 4c is controlled by an instruction signal from the engine control unit 2. Accordingly, the timing of opening and closing the exhaust port 1ga is also controlled by the engine control unit 2.
- the fuel injection valve 1k is attached to the cylinder cover 1d, and is configured to be capable of injecting fuel (heavy oil, light oil or the like) into the combustion chamber R.
- a fuel tank (not shown) is connected to one end of the fuel supply pipe 4d, the other end is connected to the fuel injection valve 1k, and a fuel pump 4e is provided in the middle.
- the on-off valve 4f is opened, the fuel pump 4e is driven, and the fuel pressurized by the fuel pump 4e is supplied to the fuel injection valve 1k through the fuel supply pipe 4d.
- the fuel injection valve 1k injects the fuel into the combustion chamber R only while the on-off valve 4f is open.
- the opening and closing of the open / close valve 4 f is controlled by an instruction signal from the engine control unit 2. Therefore, the engine control unit 2 also controls the timing of opening and closing the fuel injection valve 1k and the fuel injection amount.
- connection pipe 1l connects an exhaust port 1ha formed in the exhaust valve box 1h and the exhaust manifold 1m.
- a combustion gas such as air is introduced into the combustion chamber R from a scavenging air port (not shown), and then the piston 1 e ascends to close the exhaust port 1 ga by the exhaust valve 1 i. Is compressed.
- the pressure in the combustion chamber R becomes a predetermined compression pressure, and the fuel injection valve 1k injects the fuel.
- the combustion gas and the fuel are mixed and burned in the combustion chamber R, and the piston 1 e is lowered by the combustion energy.
- the exhaust port 1ga is opened by the exhaust valve 1i at a predetermined timing, whereby the exhaust gas (combustion gas) in the combustion chamber R is discharged to the exhaust port 1ga. Thereafter, the exhaust gas reaches the exhaust manifold 1m through the exhaust port 1ha and the connection pipe 1l.
- the temperature sensor 1 b is a known temperature sensor such as a thermocouple or a thermistor, detects the temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold 1 m, and outputs a detection signal corresponding to the detected temperature to the engine control unit 2.
- the cylinder liner 1c, the cylinder cover 1d, the piston crown 1ea, the piston ring 1eb, the exhaust valve seat 1g, the exhaust valve box 1h, the exhaust valve 1i, and the fuel injection valve 1k Is a location where the high temperature exhaust gas which constitutes the combustion chamber R or is discharged from the combustion chamber R passes. Therefore, these are component parts in which the degree of deterioration such as wear and wear is easily changed according to the actual use condition of the engine 1. So, in this embodiment, these components are made into the object of evaluation of a degree of fatigue, and diagnosis of remaining life.
- the engine control unit 2 includes an arithmetic unit such as a CPU, a recording unit such as a RAM and a ROM, and other peripheral function units.
- the engine control unit 2 is configured to realize the function by causing the operation unit to execute the program recorded in the recording unit using the data recorded in the recording unit. Specifically, the engine control unit 2 controls the on-off timing of the exhaust port 1ga and the on-off timing of the fuel injection valve 1k and the fuel injection amount by outputting an instruction signal to control the on-off valves 4c and 4f. Do.
- the engine control unit 2 can control the operating state of the engine 1.
- the engine control unit 2 controls the number of revolutions of the engine 1 and the injection of the fuel injection valve 1k to obtain the output (load of the engine 1) required of the engine 1 in order to cause the ship to travel at the required navigation speed.
- the amount is calculated, and the opening / closing timing of the exhaust port 1ga and the fuel injection valve 1k and the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection valve 1k are controlled so as to realize the rotation speed and the injection amount.
- the engine control unit 2 calculates the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 1 b based on the detection signal input from the temperature sensor 1 b at least during the operation period of the engine 1. In the present embodiment, the engine control unit 2 sets the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 1b or the temperature measured by multiplying the temperature by the correction coefficient as the temperature of the exhaust gas. Further, the engine control unit 2 is configured to output an information signal including information necessary for evaluation and diagnosis to the evaluation and diagnosis device 3. In the present embodiment, the engine control unit 2 outputs an information signal including information such as the load and rotational speed of the engine 1, the operating time, and the temperature of the exhaust gas to the evaluation and diagnosis device 3. The output of the information signal is performed, for example, at any time or periodically during operation of the engine 1.
- the evaluation and diagnosis apparatus 3 includes an evaluation and diagnosis unit 3a, an input unit 3b, a display unit 3c, and other peripheral function units.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a includes an operation unit such as a CPU, a recording unit such as a RAM and a ROM, and other peripheral function units.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a is configured to realize the function by causing the operation unit to execute the program recorded in the recording unit using the data recorded in the recording unit.
- the input unit 3 b is configured to externally input data to the evaluation / diagnosis apparatus 3, and includes, for example, a keyboard and a mouse for the operator to input data.
- the data input from the outside is recorded in the recording unit of the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a.
- the display unit 3c is configured to display input data and evaluation / diagnosis results, and is configured to include various display devices such as a liquid crystal display and an organic EL display.
- the input unit 3b and the display unit 3c may be integrally configured by a display with a touch panel function.
- the evaluation / diagnosis apparatus 3 evaluates the operation load evaluation point for the operation load of the engine 1, the operation load fluctuation evaluation point for the fluctuation of the operation load of the engine 1, and the operation cycle evaluation for the operation cycle of the engine 1 A point, a fuel property evaluation point regarding the property of the fuel of the engine 1, a combustibility evaluation point regarding the combustibility of the fuel, and an exhaust gas temperature evaluation point regarding the temperature of the exhaust gas of the engine 1 are generated. Then, these generated evaluation points are added to calculate a comprehensive evaluation point of the degree of fatigue of the target component, and the degree of fatigue of the target component is evaluated based on the total evaluation point.
- the evaluation / diagnosis device 3 functions as a fatigue degree evaluation device that evaluates the degree of fatigue and a remaining life diagnosis device that diagnoses the remaining life. Further, the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a functions as a calculation unit that calculates an overall evaluation point, an evaluation unit that evaluates the degree of fatigue, and a diagnosis unit that diagnoses the remaining life.
- each evaluation point will be specifically illustrated and described, and thereafter, calculation of the comprehensive evaluation point, evaluation of the degree of fatigue, and diagnosis of the remaining life will be sequentially described.
- Each evaluation point is 0 when the engine 1 starts to be used, and is reset to 0 when the target component is replaced.
- the operating load evaluation point is an evaluation point related to the operating load of the engine 1 and is an index indicating the influence of the operating load of the engine 1 on the fatigue degree of the target component.
- the operating load evaluation point is the average load factor of the engine 1 in the operating time from the start of use of the engine 1 or from the start of use after the previous replacement of the target component It is defined as including the product of fatigue load factor for load.
- the present time is, for example, the time corresponding to the latest information in the range of information input from the engine control unit 2 to the evaluation / diagnosis apparatus 3, and the same applies to other evaluation points.
- the load factor is, for example, a ratio to the rated maximum load of the engine 1.
- the fatigue influence factor related to the operating load is a coefficient indicating the degree of influence of the operating load on the fatigue level and the life of the component, and is accumulated by the data obtained in the preliminary experiment and the operation results so far It is determined according to the stored data etc. and set for each component.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the load factor of the engine 1 and the ratio of the operating time of the engine 1 at the load factor.
- FIG. 3 is for the actual operating time of the engine 1 in a period of about three and a half months.
- the actual operation time is approximately 8600 hours, which indicates that the ratio of the operation time at which the engine 1 was operated at a load factor of 10% to the actual operation time is 5%.
- the average load is 39%.
- the operating load evaluation point C1 is expressed, for example, by the following equation (1).
- C1 (A avr / 100) ⁇ B1 (1)
- Aavr is an average load [%]
- B1 is a fatigue level influence coefficient related to the operating load.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a determines C1 based on A avr calculated based on the information input from the engine control unit 2 and B1 recorded in the recording unit of the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a. Are generated by calculation and recorded in the recording unit. Further, the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a may display C1 on the display unit 3c.
- the operating load fluctuation evaluation point is an evaluation point regarding the fluctuation of the operating load of the engine 1 and is an index indicating the influence of the fluctuation of the operating load of the engine 1 on the fatigue degree of the target component is there.
- the operating load fluctuation evaluation point is a fatigue related to the cumulative number of times of start / stop and cumulative start / stop times from the start of use of the engine 1 or from the start of use of the target component after the previous replacement. It is defined as including the product of the degree influence coefficient and the product of the cumulative number of reciprocating operations up to the present time and the fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the cumulative number of reciprocating operations.
- the cumulative number of times of start / stop is, for example, when the engine 1 starts operation at time zero, operates with a certain load fluctuation, and then the load becomes zero and the operation ends. Count as once.
- the cumulative number of start / stop becomes one at time t1. After that, by repeating the start and end of the operation, the cumulative number of start / stops increases.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 4B is operating time.
- the fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the cumulative number of start / stops is a coefficient indicating the degree of influence of the cumulative start / stop number on the fatigue degree and the life of the component, and the data obtained by the prior experiment or It is determined by data accumulated according to the operation results and is set for each component.
- the cumulative number of reciprocating operations is an accumulated value of the number of reciprocating operations between the low load area and the high load area of the engine 1.
- the engine 1 starts operation at time zero, for example, and the load exceeds the low load threshold at time t1, and then the high load threshold and then the time Suppose that it becomes less than the low load threshold at t2.
- the engine 1 is operated to reciprocate one time between the low load area lower than the low load threshold and the high load area higher than the high load threshold. Do.
- the load goes above the low load threshold at time t3 and then above the high load threshold and then falls below the low load threshold at time t4, the number of round trips is one. Count. Then, as shown in FIG.
- the cumulative number of reciprocating operations is one at time t2, is two at time t4, and then increases by repeating the reciprocating operation.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 5B is operating time. Also, the low load threshold and the high load threshold are set for each component.
- the fatigue degree influence factor related to the cumulative number of reciprocating operations is a coefficient indicating the degree of influence of the cumulative number of reciprocating operations on the fatigue degree and the life of the component, and the data obtained by the prior experiment or It is determined by data accumulated according to the operation results and is set for each component.
- the operating load fluctuation evaluation point C2 is expressed, for example, by the following equations (2-1) to (2-3).
- C2 C21 + C22 (2-1)
- C21 (D1 / D3) ⁇ B21 (2-2)
- C22 (D2 / D4) ⁇ B22 (2-3)
- C21 is an evaluation point of the cumulative number of start / stop times
- C22 is an evaluation point of the cumulative number of reciprocating operations.
- D1 is the cumulative number of times of start / stop
- D2 is the number of cumulative reciprocation operation
- D3 is the number of cumulative start / stop times assumed within the life of the component
- D4 is the number of cumulative reciprocation operation assumed within the life of the component
- B21 is The fatigue degree influential factor related to the cumulative number of start / stop times
- B22 is the fatigue degree influential factor related to the cumulative number of reciprocating operations.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a calculates D1, D2 calculated based on the information input from the engine control unit 2, and D3, D4, B21 recorded in the recording unit of the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a. , C22, and C2 is generated by calculation and recorded in the recording unit. In addition, the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a may cause the display unit 3c to display C2.
- the operation cycle evaluation point is an evaluation point related to the operation cycle of the engine 1 and is an index indicating the influence of the operation cycle of the engine 1 on the degree of fatigue of the target component.
- the operating cycle evaluation point is the cumulative number of operating cycles and the cumulative number of operating cycles of the engine 1 from the start of use of the engine 1 or from the start of use of the target component after the previous replacement. And the product of the cumulative number of operation cycles above the load threshold up to the current point and the fatigue coefficient of the cumulative number of operation cycles above the load threshold.
- the cumulative operation cycle number is, as shown in FIG. 6A, an accumulated value of the operation cycle.
- the operation cycle is one cycle of operation of the engine 1 and one cycle when the output shaft 1a of the engine 1 makes one revolution. As the operating time shown on the horizontal axis increases, the cumulative number of operating cycles increases.
- the fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the cumulative number of operating cycles is a coefficient indicating the degree of influence of the cumulative operating cycle number on the fatigue degree and the life of the component, and the data obtained by the prior experiment or It is determined by data accumulated according to the operation results and is set for each component.
- the number of operation cycles in which the engine 1 is operated at a load factor higher than the set load factor (load threshold) is counted as one, as shown in FIG. 6B. It is the accumulation of this.
- the load threshold is set for each component. For example, the load threshold is 50%.
- the horizontal axis is the operating time.
- the fatigue influence coefficient related to the cumulative operation cycle number above the load threshold is a coefficient that indicates the degree of influence of the cumulative operation cycle number above the load threshold on the fatigue level and the life of the component. It is determined based on the data obtained by the experiment and the data accumulated by the past operation results, etc., and is set for each component.
- the cumulative number of operating cycles is greater than the cumulative operating cycle number or load threshold, the number of times the cylinder liner 1c and the piston ring 1eb slide is also large, and the fatigue degree of these components is particularly large.
- the fatigue level influence factor set for the component parts of the above becomes large.
- the driving cycle evaluation point C3 is expressed, for example, by the following equations (3-1) to (3-3).
- C3 C31 + C32 (3-1)
- C31 (E1 / E2) x B31 ... (3-2)
- C32 (E3 / E4) x B32 ... (3-3)
- C31 is an evaluation point for the cumulative number of operation cycles
- C32 is an evaluation point for the cumulative number of operation cycles equal to or higher than the load threshold.
- E1 is the cumulative number of operating cycles
- E2 is the cumulative number of operating cycles assumed within the life of the component
- E3 is the load threshold or more
- E4 is the load assumed within the life of the component
- B31 is a fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the cumulative number of operation cycles
- B32 is a fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the cumulative number of operation cycles equal to or higher than the load threshold.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a calculates E1, E3 calculated based on the information input from the engine control unit 2, and E2, E4, B31 recorded in the recording unit of the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a. , C32, and C3 is generated by calculation and recorded in the recording unit. Further, the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a may cause the display unit 3c to display C3.
- the fuel property evaluation point is an evaluation point related to the property of the fuel of the engine 1 and is an index indicating the influence of the property of the fuel on the degree of fatigue of the target component.
- the fuel property evaluation point is the concentration and concentration of the component contained in the fuel used up to the present from the start of use of the engine 1 or from the start of use after the previous replacement of the target component. And the product of the ratio of the concentration of the two components contained in the fuel used up to the present time and the coefficient of fatigue related to the ratio.
- the concentrations of components contained in the fuel include, for example, the concentration of sulfur (S) (S concentration), the concentration of vanadium (V) (V concentration), the concentration of sodium (Na) (Na concentration), aluminum (Al) and silicon (One or more concentrations selected from the group consisting of the total concentration of Si) (hereinafter referred to as Al + Si concentration), and the sediment concentration can be used. In this embodiment, all these concentrations are used. Moreover, mass% is used as a density
- the fatigue degree influence factor related to the concentration of a component is a coefficient indicating the degree of influence of the component on the fatigue degree and the life of the component, and it is determined by the data obtained in the prior experiment and the operation results so far It is determined by accumulated data and the like, and is set for each component.
- the ratio of Na concentration to V concentration (Na / V) is used as the ratio of the concentration of the two components contained in the fuel.
- the fatigue degree influence factor related to the concentration ratio is a coefficient indicating the degree of influence of the concentration ratio on the fatigue degree and the life of the component, and data obtained in the preliminary experiment and the operation results so far It is determined according to the data stored according to and is set for each component.
- sulfur can react with moisture during combustion to form sulfuric acid which can corrode components.
- S concentration is high
- the fatigue degree of the piston ring 1eb, the cylinder liner 1c, and the exhaust valve box 1h is greatly affected.
- sulfur, vanadium, and sodium may be dissolved out by the components attached to the wall surface of the combustion chamber R being melted by direct flames under high temperature or may cause chemical reaction with the component parts to cause corrosion.
- the S concentration, the V concentration, and the Na concentration are high, the fatigue degree of the piston crown 1ea, the exhaust valve 1i, and the cylinder cover 1d is greatly affected.
- FIG. 7 is a figure explaining the change of the parameter regarding the property of the fuel with respect to operation time.
- the parameter related to the property of the fuel is the concentration of the component contained in the fuel or the ratio of the concentration of the two components.
- the engine 1 carries and uses fuel of a certain property, and operates from time zero to time t1.
- exchange of the component made into object is made into time zero.
- another type of fuel is used and operation is performed until time t2.
- fuel of another type is used from time t2
- operation is performed until time t3, and another fuel is used from time t3, and the subsequent operation is performed.
- the fuel used after time t1 is, for example, one obtained by refilling the rest of the fuel used so far with another fuel, or another fuel newly loaded.
- the parameters may vary depending on the nature of the fuel used.
- a first reference value and a second reference value are set for each parameter, and weighting coefficients are adopted according to the magnitude of the value of each parameter. For example, if the parameter value is less than the first reference value, the first weighting factor is adopted, and if the parameter value is equal to or more than the first reference value and less than the second reference value, the second weighting factor is adopted.
- the third weighting factor is adopted in the case of the second reference value or more.
- the first weighting coefficient is set to 1, and the magnitude relationship is established as (first weighting coefficient) ⁇ (second weighting coefficient) ⁇ (third weighting coefficient).
- each weighting coefficient may be a value common to all the parameters.
- a reference value is two, a 1st reference value and a 2nd reference value, one or three or more may be sufficient.
- the fuel property evaluation point C4 is expressed, for example, by the following formulas (4-1) to (4-7).
- C4 C41 + C42 + C43 + C44 + C45 + C46 (4-1)
- C41 [(F1 ⁇ T41) / T7] ⁇ B41 (4-2)
- C42 [(F2 ⁇ T42) / T7] ⁇ B42 (4-3)
- C43 [(F3 ⁇ T43) / T7] ⁇ B43 (4-4)
- C44 [(F4 ⁇ T44) / T7] ⁇ B44 (4-5)
- C45 [(F5 ⁇ T45) / T7] ⁇ B45 (4-6)
- C46 [(F6 ⁇ T46) / T7] ⁇ B46 (4-7)
- C41 is an evaluation point for S concentration
- C42 is an evaluation point for V concentration
- C43 is an evaluation point for Na concentration
- C44 is an evaluation point for Na / V
- C45 is It is an evaluation point for (Al + Si) concentration
- C46 is an evaluation point for sediment concentration.
- F1 is a weighting factor for S concentration
- F2 is a weighting factor for V concentration
- F3 is a weighting factor for Na concentration
- F4 is a weighting factor for Na / V
- F5 is A weighting factor for Al + Si) concentration
- F6 is a weighting factor for settlement density, which are recorded in the recording unit of the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a.
- T41 is the operating time (h) when the S concentration exceeds the first reference value
- T42 is the operating time (h) when the V concentration exceeds the first reference value
- T43 is the first reference when the Na concentration is The operation time (h) exceeds the value
- T44 is the operation time (h) where Na / V exceeds the first reference value
- T45 is the operation time (Al + Si) concentration exceeds the first reference value ( h)
- T46 is an operation time (h) in which the sediment concentration exceeds the first reference value.
- the operating time is calculated by the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a based on the information related to the operating time input from the engine control unit 2 and the information recorded in the recording unit.
- T7 is the operating time of the engine 1 assumed within the life, which is recorded in the recording unit.
- B41 is a fatigue degree influence factor for S concentration
- B42 is a fatigue degree influence factor for V concentration
- B43 is a fatigue degree influence factor for Na concentration
- B44 is a fatigue degree influence factor for Na / V
- B45 are fatigue degree influential factors related to the (Al + Si) concentration
- B46 is fatigue degree influential factors related to the sediment concentration, which are recorded in the recording portion.
- the parameters of S concentration, V concentration, Na concentration, Na / V, (Al + Si) concentration, settlement concentration are acquired by conducting component analysis of the fuel each time the property of the fuel used changes. Then, for example, the operator inputs the value of each parameter acquired from the input unit 3 b of the evaluation / diagnosis apparatus 3.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a records the input value in the recording unit.
- evaluation / diagnostic part 3a generates C4 by calculation, and records it on a recording part.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a may display C4 on the display unit 3c.
- the flammability evaluation point is an evaluation point on the combustibility of fuel, and is an index indicating the influence of the combustibility to be used on the fatigue degree of the target component.
- the flammability evaluation point is a calculated carbon aromaticity index of the fuel used up to the present time from the start of use of the engine 1 or from the start of use of the target component after the previous replacement. It is defined as including the product of the value of (Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index) and the fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the flammability set for each component.
- CCAI is defined by D-140.7 ⁇ log 10 log 10 (V + 0.85) -A, and is an index for evaluating the ignitability of the residual fuel oil.
- D is the density of the fuel at 15 ° C. (kg / m 3 )
- V is the dynamic viscosity of the fuel at 50 ° C. or 100 ° C. (mm 2 / s)
- A is V at 50 ° C.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100.degree. C. and 111 in the case of the kinematic viscosity at 100.degree.
- the degree of fatigue influence factor related to combustibility is a factor indicating the degree of influence of the combustibility on the degree of fatigue and the life of the component parts, and is accumulated by data obtained in the preliminary experiment and the operation results so far It is determined according to the stored data etc. and set for each component.
- the fuel has a longer ignition delay time as its CCAI becomes larger. If the ignition delay time is long, it is difficult to obtain the output even if the same amount of fuel is used, so it may be necessary to increase the fuel injection amount at a certain load. In addition, if there is an ignition delay, the high temperature of the combustion chamber R affects until the piston 1e moves further downward, so the lubricating oil for the sliding parts burns, and the sliding parts are deteriorated due to wear and heat. It can be large. Therefore, the fatigue degree influential factor set for the component affected by these factors becomes large.
- FIG. 8 is a figure explaining the change of the CCAI value with respect to driving
- the engine 1 carries and uses a certain combustible fuel, and operates from time zero to time t1.
- exchange of the component made into object is made into time zero.
- another combustible fuel is used from time t1, and operation is performed until time t2.
- another combustible fuel is used from time t2, operation is performed until time t3, and another combustible fuel is used from time t3, and the subsequent operation is performed.
- the fuel used after time t1 is, for example, one obtained by refilling the rest of the fuel used so far with another fuel, or another fuel newly loaded.
- the CCAI value can vary depending on the combustibility of the fuel used.
- a first reference value and a second reference value are set for the CCAI value, and a weighting factor is adopted according to the magnitude of the CCAI value. For example, if the CCAI value is less than the first reference value, the first weighting factor is adopted, if it is less than the first reference value and less than the second reference value, the second weighting factor is adopted.
- Adopt a weighting factor.
- the first weighting coefficient is set to 1, and the magnitude relationship is established as (first weighting coefficient) ⁇ (second weighting coefficient) ⁇ (third weighting coefficient).
- a reference value is two, a 1st reference value and a 2nd reference value, one or three or more may be sufficient.
- the flammability evaluation point C5 is represented, for example, by the following equation (5).
- C5 [(G1 ⁇ T51) / T52] ⁇ B5 (5)
- G1 is a weighting coefficient, which is recorded in the recording unit of the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a.
- T51 is the operating time (h) when the CCAI value exceeds the first reference value
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a receives the information related to the operating time input from the engine control unit 2 and the information recorded in the recording unit.
- T52 is the operating time of the engine 1 assumed within the life, which is recorded in the recording unit.
- B5 is a fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the combustibility, which is recorded in the recording unit.
- CCAI values are obtained by analyzing the fuel each time the fuel used changes. Then, for example, the operator inputs the CCAI value acquired from the input unit 3 b of the evaluation / diagnosis apparatus 3.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a records the input CCAI value in the recording unit.
- evaluation / diagnostic part 3a generates C5 by calculation, and records it on a recording part.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a may cause the display unit 3c to display C5.
- the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point is an evaluation point regarding the temperature of the exhaust gas of the engine 1, and is an index indicating the influence of the temperature of the exhaust gas on the degree of fatigue of the target component.
- the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point is the temperature of the exhaust gas measured using the temperature sensor 1b from the start of use of the engine 1 or from the start of use after the previous replacement of the target component. It is defined as including the product of and the fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the temperature of exhaust gas.
- the temperature sensor 1b is provided in the exhaust manifold 1m, but may be provided in another place such as the connection pipe 1l.
- the degree of fatigue influence coefficient related to the temperature of exhaust gas is a coefficient indicating the degree of influence of the temperature of exhaust gas on the degree of fatigue and the life of its component parts, and the data obtained in the preliminary experiment and the operation results so far It is determined according to the data stored according to and is set for each component.
- FIG. 9 is a figure explaining the change of waste gas temperature with respect to driving
- the exhaust gas temperature changes according to the load of the engine 1, etc. after the start of use of the engine 1 or after the previous replacement of the target component, and the reference value is exceeded at time t1.
- a reference value is set for the exhaust gas temperature, and a weighting factor is adopted according to the exhaust gas temperature. For example, if the exhaust gas temperature is less than the reference value, the first weighting factor is adopted, and if it is equal to or more than the reference value, the second weighting factor is adopted.
- the first weighting coefficient is set to 1, and the magnitude relationship is established as (first weighting coefficient) ⁇ (second weighting coefficient).
- the reference value is one, but may be two or more.
- the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point C6 is expressed, for example, by the following equation (6).
- C6 [(H1 ⁇ T61) / T62] ⁇ B6 (6)
- H1 is a weighting coefficient, which is recorded in the recording unit of the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a.
- T61 is the operating time (h) when the exhaust gas temperature exceeds the reference value, and the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a receives the information on the operating time and the exhaust gas temperature input from the engine control unit 2 and the information recorded in the recording unit Calculated based on Further, T62 is the operating time of the engine 1 assumed within the life, which is recorded in the recording unit.
- B6 is a fatigue degree influence coefficient related to the exhaust gas temperature, and is recorded in the recording unit.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a In the evaluation / diagnosis apparatus 3, the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a generates C6 by calculation and records it in the recording unit. Further, the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a may cause the display unit 3c to display C6.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the comprehensive evaluation points.
- evaluation points C1 to C6 are shown on a radar chart, and a case where C1 is 12 points, C2 is 8 points, C3 is 4 points, C4 is 12 points, C5 is 16 points, and C6 is 8 points is illustrated. ing. In this case, the overall score is 60 points.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a may cause the display unit 3c to display a radar chart as shown in FIG. 10 and the comprehensive evaluation point C.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a determines that the component has reached the end of life when the total evaluation point of the target component is 100 points, and the fatigue degree at the current point is 100 points. Evaluate it as the current comprehensive rating point. For example, if the comprehensive evaluation point is 60 points, it is evaluated that the fatigue degree is about 60% of the life.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the prediction of the remaining life.
- the evaluation / diagnosis unit 3a evaluates the degree of fatigue by calculating an overall evaluation point as needed or periodically from the start of use of the engine 1 or from the start of use of the target component after the previous replacement. Then, from the trend of the comprehensive evaluation point of the degree of fatigue up to the present time, the time when the comprehensive evaluation point reaches 100 points, that is, the time of reaching the life is predicted, and the time from the current time to the time of reaching the life is diagnosed as the remaining life. In the example shown in FIG. 11, the remaining life is measured when the total evaluation point is 60 points, but the remaining life may be diagnosed at other points such as 80 points and 90 points.
- the evaluation / diagnosis apparatus 3 in the system 100 it is possible to estimate the maintenance interval of components and the maintenance time according to the actual use conditions of the engine 1. As a result, it is possible to more appropriately present the inspection and replacement time of the components of the engine 1. In addition, since it is possible to suppress or prevent unnecessary inspections and replacements by enabling such estimation and presentation, it is possible to reduce operation costs and parts replacement costs, and the efficiency of operation of engine 1 Improve. In addition, planned maintenance can be performed by estimating the remaining life of components of the engine 1.
- the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point is included in the comprehensive evaluation point.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and does not include the exhaust gas temperature evaluation point, the operating load evaluation point, the operating load fluctuation evaluation point, the operating cycle evaluation point, the fuel property evaluation point, and the combustibility evaluation point
- the total evaluation point may be calculated by adding the operating load evaluation point, the operating load fluctuation evaluation point, the operating cycle evaluation point, the fuel property evaluation point, the combustibility evaluation point, and the exhaust gas temperature.
- at least two evaluation points may be generated, and the generated at least two evaluation points may be added to calculate an overall evaluation point.
- the present invention is not limited by the above embodiment.
- the present invention also includes those configured by appropriately combining the above-described components. Further, further effects and modifications can be easily derived by those skilled in the art. Thus, the broader aspects of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, but various modifications are possible.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施形態に係るシステムの構成を示す模式図である。このシステム100は、舶用ディーゼル機関であるエンジン1と、エンジン1の運転を制御するエンジン制御部2と、エンジン1の構成部品の疲労度を評価するとともに、その余寿命を診断する評価・診断装置3とを備えている。
つづいて、評価・診断装置3の機能について説明する。評価・診断装置3は、対象とする構成部品について、エンジン1の運転負荷に関する運転負荷評価点と、エンジン1の運転負荷の変動に関する運転負荷変動評価点と、エンジン1の運転サイクルに関する運転サイクル評価点と、エンジン1の燃料の性状に関する燃料性状評価点と、燃料の燃焼性に関する燃焼性評価点と、エンジン1の排ガスの温度に関する排ガス温度評価点とを生成する。そして、これらの生成した評価点を加算して、対象とする構成部品の疲労度の総合評価点を算出し、この総合評価点に基づいて、対象とする構成部品の疲労度を評価する。さらに、この疲労度に基づいて、対象とする構成部品の余寿命を診断する。評価・診断装置3は、疲労度を評価する疲労度評価装置および余寿命を診断する余寿命診断装置として機能する。また、評価・診断部3aは、総合評価点を算出する算出部、疲労度を評価する評価部、および余寿命を診断する診断部として機能する。
運転負荷評価点は、エンジン1の運転負荷に関する評価点であって、エンジン1の運転負荷が、対象となる構成部品の疲労度に対して与える影響を示す指標となるものである。
C1=(Aavr/100)×B1 ・・・ (1)
ここで、Aavrは平均負荷[%]であり、B1は運転負荷に関する疲労度影響係数である。
運転負荷変動評価点は、エンジン1の運転負荷の変動に関する評価点であって、エンジン1の運転負荷の変動が、対象となる構成部品の疲労度に対して与える影響を示す指標となるものである。
C2=C21+C22 ・・・ (2-1)
C21=(D1/D3)×B21 ・・・ (2-2)
C22=(D2/D4)×B22 ・・・ (2-3)
ここで、C21は累積発停回数についての評価点であり、C22は累積往復運転回数についての評価点である。また、D1は累積発停回数、D2は累積往復運転回数、D3は構成部品の寿命内に想定される累積発停回数、D4は構成部品の寿命内に想定される累積往復運転回数、B21は累積発停回数に関する疲労度影響係数、B22は累積往復運転回数に関する疲労度影響係数である。
運転サイクル評価点は、エンジン1の運転サイクルに関する評価点であって、エンジン1の運転サイクルが、対象となる構成部品の疲労度に対して与える影響を示す指標となるものである。
C3=C31+C32 ・・・ (3-1)
C31=(E1/E2)×B31 ・・・ (3-2)
C32=(E3/E4)×B32 ・・・ (3-3)
ここで、C31は累積運転サイクル数についての評価点であり、C32は負荷しきい値以上累積運転サイクル数についての評価点である。また、E1は累積運転サイクル数、E2は構成部品の寿命内に想定される累積運転サイクル数、E3は負荷しきい値以上累積運転サイクル数、E4は構成部品の寿命内に想定される負荷しきい値以上累積運転サイクル数、B31は累積運転サイクル数に関する疲労度影響係数、B32は負荷しきい値以上累積運転サイクル数に関する疲労度影響係数である。
燃料性状評価点は、エンジン1の燃料の性状に関する評価点であって、燃料の性状が、対象となる構成部品の疲労度に対して与える影響を示す指標となるものである。
C4=C41+C42+C43+C44+C45+C46 ・・・ (4-1)
C41=[(F1×T41)/T7]×B41 ・・・ (4-2)
C42=[(F2×T42)/T7]×B42 ・・・ (4-3)
C43=[(F3×T43)/T7]×B43 ・・・ (4-4)
C44=[(F4×T44)/T7]×B44 ・・・ (4-5)
C45=[(F5×T45)/T7]×B45 ・・・ (4-6)
C46=[(F6×T46)/T7]×B46 ・・・ (4-7)
燃焼性評価点は、燃料の燃焼性に関する評価点であって、使用する燃焼性が、対象となる構成部品の疲労度に対して与える影響を示す指標となるものである。
C5=[(G1×T51)/T52]×B5 ・・・ (5)
ここで、G1は重み付け係数であり、評価・診断部3aの記録部に記録されている。また、T51はCCAI値が第1基準値を超過した運転時間(h)であり、評価・診断部3aが、エンジン制御部2から入力された運転時間に関する情報と記録部に記録された情報とに基づいて算出する。また、T52は寿命内に想定されるエンジン1の運転時間であり、記録部に記録されている。また、B5は燃焼性に関する疲労度影響係数であり、記録部に記録されている。
排ガス温度評価点は、エンジン1の排ガスの温度に関する評価点であって、排ガスの温度が、対象となる構成部品の疲労度に対して与える影響を示す指標となるものである。
C6=[(H1×T61)/T62]×B6 ・・・ (6)
ここで、H1は重み付け係数であり、評価・診断部3aの記録部に記録されている。また、T61は排ガス温度が基準値を超過した運転時間(h)であり、評価・診断部3aが、エンジン制御部2から入力された運転時間および排ガス温度に関する情報と記録部に記録された情報とに基づいて算出する。また、T62は寿命内に想定されるエンジン1の運転時間であり、記録部に記録されている。また、B6は排ガス温度に関する疲労度影響係数であり、記録部に記録されている。
C=C1+C2+C3+C4+C5+C6 ・・・ (7)
1a 出力軸
1b 温度センサ
1c シリンダライナ
1d シリンダカバー
1e ピストン
1ea ピストン冠
1eb ピストンリング
1ec ピストンスカート
1f ピストン棒
1g 排気弁座
1ga、1ha 排気ポート
1h 排気弁箱
1i 排気弁
1ia 弁体
1ib 弁棒
1j カバー
1ja 排気弁作動装置
1k 燃料噴射弁
1l 接続配管
1m 排気マニホールド
2 エンジン制御部
3 評価・診断装置
3a 評価・診断部
3b 入力部
3c 表示部
4a 作動油供給配管
4b 給油ポンプ
4c、4f 開閉弁
4d 燃料供給配管
4e 燃料ポンプ
100 システム
R 燃焼室
Claims (14)
- 舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度を評価する方法であって、
前記構成部品について、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転負荷に関する運転負荷評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転負荷の変動に関する運転負荷変動評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転サイクルに関する運転サイクル評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の燃料の性状に関する燃料性状評価点と、前記燃料の燃焼性に関する燃焼性評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の排ガスの温度に関する排ガス温度評価点の内、少なくとも2つを生成し、
前記生成した少なくとも2つの評価点を加算して前記構成部品の疲労度の総合評価点を算出し、
前記総合評価点に基づいて前記構成部品の疲労度を評価する
ことを特徴とする舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。 - 前記運転負荷評価点は、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の平均負荷率と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、運転負荷に関する疲労度影響係数との積を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。
- 前記運転負荷変動評価点は、
前記舶用ディーゼル機関の累積発停回数と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、累積発停回数に関する疲労度影響係数との積と、
前記構成部品毎に設定された前記舶用ディーゼル機関の低負荷領域と高負荷領域との間の往復運転回数の累積値である累積往復運転回数と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、累積往復運転回数に関する疲労度影響係数との積と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。 - 前記運転サイクル評価点は、
前記舶用ディーゼル機関の累積運転サイクル数と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、累積運転サイクル数に関する疲労度影響係数との積と、
前記構成部品毎に設定された負荷率以上での前記舶用ディーゼル機関の累積運転サイクル数である負荷累積運転サイクル数と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、負荷累積運転サイクル数に関する疲労度影響係数との積と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。 - 前記燃料性状評価点は、前記燃料に含まれる成分の濃度と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、前記成分の濃度に関する疲労度影響係数との積を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一つに記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。
- 前記成分は、硫黄、バナジウム、ナトリウム、アルミニウムおよびケイ素、ならびにセジメントからなる群から選ばれる1以上であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。
- 前記燃料性状評価点は、前記燃料に含まれる2つの成分の濃度の比と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、前記濃度の比に関する疲労度影響係数との積を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一つに記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。
- 前記比は、バナジウムの濃度に対するナトリウムの濃度の比であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。
- 前記燃焼性評価点は、前記燃料の計算炭素芳香性指標であるCCAIの値と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、燃焼性に関する疲労度影響係数との積を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一つに記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。
- 前記排ガス温度評価点は、測定された前記排ガスの温度と、前記構成部品毎に設定された、排ガスの温度に関する疲労度影響係数との積を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか一つに記載の舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価方法。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか一つに記載の疲労度評価方法によって評価した前記構成部品の疲労度に基づいて、前記構成部品の余寿命を診断することを特徴とする舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の余寿命診断方法。
- 舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度を評価する装置であって、
前記構成部品について、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転負荷に関する運転負荷評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転負荷の変動に関する運転負荷変動評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転サイクルに関する運転サイクル評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の燃料の性状に関する燃料性状評価点と、前記燃料の燃焼性に関する燃焼性評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の排ガスの温度に関する排ガス温度評価点の内、少なくとも2つの評価点を加算して前記構成部品の疲労度の総合評価点を算出する算出部と、
前記総合評価点に基づいて前記構成部品の疲労度を評価する評価部と、
を備えることを特徴とする舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の疲労度評価装置。 - 舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の余寿命を診断する装置であって、
前記構成部品について、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転負荷に関する運転負荷評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転負荷の変動に関する運転負荷変動評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の運転サイクルに関する運転サイクル評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の燃料の性状に関する燃料性状評価点と、前記燃料の燃焼性に関する燃焼性評価点と、前記舶用ディーゼル機関の排ガスの温度に関する排ガス温度評価点の内、少なくとも2つの評価点を加算して前記構成部品の疲労度の総合評価点を算出する算出部と、
前記総合評価点に基づいて前記構成部品の疲労度を評価する評価部と、
前記疲労度に基づいて前記構成部品の余寿命を診断する診断部と、
を備えることを特徴とする舶用ディーゼル機関の構成部品の余寿命診断装置。 - 前記舶用ディーゼル機関と、請求項12に記載の疲労度評価装置または請求項13に記載の余寿命診断装置と、を備えることを特徴とするシステム。
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SG11202004080XA SG11202004080XA (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Method of evaluating fatigue level of constituent component of marine diesel engine, fatigue level evaluation device, remaining lifetime diagnosing method, remaining lifetime diagnosing device, and system |
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