WO2019096301A1 - 一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统及其工作方法 - Google Patents

一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统及其工作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019096301A1
WO2019096301A1 PCT/CN2018/116179 CN2018116179W WO2019096301A1 WO 2019096301 A1 WO2019096301 A1 WO 2019096301A1 CN 2018116179 W CN2018116179 W CN 2018116179W WO 2019096301 A1 WO2019096301 A1 WO 2019096301A1
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powder
barrel
conveying
pump
mixing
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PCT/CN2018/116179
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English (en)
French (fr)
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招銮
何德生
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硕威三维打印科技（上海）有限公司
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Publication of WO2019096301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019096301A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic product and powder processing system manufactured by additive and a working method thereof.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a high degree of integration, high degree of automation, low labor intensity, simple operation, rapid cleaning of parts after sintering of plastic products, powder filtration recovery, new powder feeding, mixing powder One-stop processing system for powder feeding, dust collection, etc. and its working method.
  • An additive product manufacturing plastic product and powder processing system characterized in that: a work box 1 is included, and a forming barrel 2, a recycled powder barrel 3, a mixing powder barrel 4 and a new powder barrel 5 are arranged in the working box 1.
  • An ejector mechanism for ejecting the powder in the molding drum 2 is provided at the bottom of the molding drum 2, and a sieving mechanism for pulverizing the topping powder is provided at the top of the recycling powder drum 3, in the recycling powder drum
  • the bottom of the 3 is provided with a first conveying powder pump 6 for conveying the powder in the recovery powder drum 3 to the mixing drum 4, and at the bottom of the new powder drum 5 is provided for conveying the new powder in the new powder drum 5 to
  • the second conveying powder pump 10 in the mixing drum 4 is provided with a mixing mechanism in the mixing drum 4, and the powder mixed in the mixing drum 4 is conveyed to the forming main body at the bottom of the mixing drum 4.
  • the plastic product and the powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above are characterized in that a weighing module is provided at the bottom of the first conveying powder pump 6, the second conveying powder pump 10, and the third conveying powder pump 11. 8.
  • the plastic product and powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above is characterized in that at least one dust suction unit is provided above the inside of the work box 1.
  • the plastic product and powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above is characterized in that: the first conveying powder pump 6, the second conveying powder pump 10 and the third conveying powder pump 11 have the same structure, and the first conveying powder
  • the pump 6 includes a pump body 601.
  • the pump body 601 is respectively provided with a powder inlet tube 602, a powder discharging tube 603 and a gas tube 604.
  • the powder feeding tube 602 is provided with a powder inlet valve 605, and the powder discharging tube 603 is provided with a powder inlet tube 603.
  • the plastic product and powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above is characterized in that: the bottom of the molding barrel 2 is provided with a movable barrel bottom 7 which can slide up and down along the inner wall of the molding barrel 2, and the ejection mechanism includes a driving motor 12.
  • a sprocket 13 fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 12, a chain 14, a screw 15 driven by the chain 14, a nut 16 fixed to the screw 15, and a fixed connection with the nut 16 for pushing the movable bottom 7
  • the push frame 17 that slides up and down.
  • the plastic product and powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above is characterized in that the push frame 17 is provided with a lock barrel mechanism.
  • the shaped hole 18 includes a large hole having two sides and a small hole connecting the two large holes
  • the double-stage rod 19 includes a thin rod portion and a thick rod portion, and the end portion of the thin rod portion of the double-stage rod 19 is fixed
  • the top plate 20 is provided with a spring 21 on the thin rod section, the spring 21 is placed between the top plate 20 and the thick rod section, and the push plate 17 is further provided with a connecting plate 22 which can be driven to slide by the double-section rod 19,
  • the thin rod section and the spring 21 pass through the connecting plate 22, and the connecting plate 22 is fixedly coupled with a plug 23 for inserting the side wall hole 34 of the movable tub bottom 7.
  • the plastic product and powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above is characterized in that the sieving mechanism comprises a screen 24, a pneumatic vibrator 25 for driving the screen to shake, and a mesh to prevent the mesh of the screen 24 from being powdered.
  • the blocked ultrasonic transducer 26 is blocked.
  • the dust collecting unit comprises a vertically set filter screen 27, an air suction nozzle 39 for suctioning and vacuuming, and is arranged in the filter.
  • a filter element 28 inside the net 27 a blow nozzle 29 provided inside the filter element 28, a fan 30 disposed above the work box 1 and connected to the blow nozzle 29 for blowing air, and a fan 30 disposed under the filter element 28
  • a powder container 31 for collecting powder There is a powder container 31 for collecting powder.
  • the molding barrel 2 After the powder in the molding barrel 2 is laser-sintered by the molding main body 9, the molding barrel 2 is removed into the working box 1, and the dust collecting unit is opened, so that the molding parts and the powder in the molding barrel 2 are further cooled at room temperature to achieve safety. After the contact temperature, the ejector mechanism tops the movable bottom 7 of the forming barrel 2, and the workpiece and the agglomerated powder in the forming barrel 2 are pushed out, and the powder is manually pushed to the sieving mechanism for recycling, and the useful workpiece is used.
  • the powder that has not been sintered falls into the sieve powder mechanism and then falls into the recovery powder drum 3, and the new powder in the new powder drum 5 is transported to the second powder pump 10 to In the mixing powder tank 4, the recovered powder in the recovery powder drum 3 is transported to the powder mixing drum 4 through the first conveying powder pump 6, and the recovered powder and the new powder in the mixing powder tank 4 are thoroughly mixed by the mixing mechanism. Finally, it is sent to the molding main body 9 through the third conveying powder pump 11 for laser sintering.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention cleans plastic products, powder filtration and recovery, new powder feeding, powder mixing, dust collection, and the like, and is integrated in a workstation with a dust collecting device to effectively collect the dust generated by the process and eliminate the dust. Powder leakage, achieving a clean production environment;
  • the invention provides a convenient and reliable powder processing method for the additive manufacturing process, the powder is transferred in the closed container and the pipeline, and the powder material can be completed without the human hand contacting the powder material, that is, the sieve powder, the powder mixing and the delivery can be completed. Powder and other operations, and automatically complete the powder mixing and delivery to the powder adding barrel of the forming host according to the working signal, which greatly improves the working efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, and reduces the sintering of the plastic parts caused by the moisture absorption of the powder. The failure rate of molding.
  • the powder conveying pump of the invention has the advantages of high convenience and high efficiency, adopts the compressed air peristaltic pump technology, the powder feeding pipeline is simple to install, takes up small space, has low noise, high powder feeding efficiency, and prevents the powder from containing different diameters due to different densities.
  • the particles cause delamination of the material during the powder transport process.
  • the ribbon blender used in the present invention is advantageous for uniformly and uniformly mixing the plastic powder containing high-density inorganic materials to prevent segregation and delamination of components of different specific gravity in the plastic powder during the mixing process.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the lock mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the ejection mechanism at the bottom of the molding barrel of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the sieving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the powder mixing mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a conveying powder pump
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the dust suction unit.
  • a plastic product and powder processing system for additive manufacturing, the system and its working method are used for 3D printing.
  • the utility model includes a work box 1 in which a molding barrel 2, a recovery powder barrel 3, a powder mixing barrel 4 and a new powder barrel 5 are arranged, and at the bottom of the molding barrel 2, the powder in the molding barrel 2 is provided.
  • the ejector mechanism is provided with a sieving mechanism for smashing the powder discharged from the top of the recycling powder drum 3, and at the bottom of the recycling powder drum 3 is provided for conveying the powder in the recycling powder drum 3 to the mixing
  • the first conveying powder pump 6 of the powder drum 4 is provided at the bottom of the new powder drum 5 for conveying the new powder in the new powder drum 5 to the second conveying powder pump 10 in the mixing powder tank 4, in the mixing powder tank 4
  • the ejector mechanism pushes up the bottom 7 of the movable bucket, pushes the workpiece and the powder in the forming bucket 2 onto the platform 33, removes the powder on the workpiece on the platform 33, and then manually pushes the powder to the sieving powder. mechanism.
  • the molding barrel 2 is transferred to the working box 1 after the molding main body 9 is sintered, and the working box 1 is sealed, and has an openable door and a roller at the bottom.
  • the first delivery powder pump 6, the second delivery powder pump 10, and the third delivery powder pump 11 have the same structure, and the first delivery powder pump 6 is provided in the plastic product and the powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above.
  • the bottom of the second conveying powder pump 10 and the third conveying powder pump 11 are provided with a weighing module 8.
  • the three conveying powder pumps are made into a quantitative powder feeding pump, and the new powder and the recycled powder can be accurately mixed in proportion, for example, the first conveying powder pump 6 delivers 20 kg of the recovered powder to the mixing powder tank 4, and passes through the second conveying powder pump.
  • the mixing drum 4 40 kg of new powder is delivered to the mixing drum 4, and the mixed 60 kg of the mixed powder does not need to be transported to the forming main body 9 at one time, and the forming main body 9 can be conveyed by the third conveying powder pump 11 multiple times. In this way, the mixed powder can be stored in the mixing drum 4 for the molding host 9 to print a plurality of workpieces without mixing the powder for each workpiece.
  • the first conveying powder pump 6 includes a pump body 601, and the pump body 601 is respectively provided with a powder feeding tube 602, a powder discharging tube 603 and a gas tube 604.
  • the powder inlet pipe 602 is provided with a powder inlet valve 605, and the powder discharging pipe 603 is provided with a powder discharging valve 606.
  • a filter element is disposed, and the powder cannot pass through the filter element and enter the gas pipe 604.
  • the powder inlet valve 605 is opened, the powder discharge valve 606 is closed, the gas pipe 604 is evacuated, and the powder is pumped into the pump body 601.
  • the powder inlet valve 605 When the powder pump is in the powder feeding state, the powder inlet valve 605 is closed, the powder discharging valve 606 is opened, the gas pipe 604 is blown, and the powder is sent out from the pump body 601.
  • the powder feeding pump of the invention adopts the compressed air peristaltic pump technology, the feeding powder pipe diameter is small, the powder feeding device is simple to lay, does not occupy space, has low noise, and has high powder feeding efficiency.
  • the plastic product and powder processing system manufactured by the additive as described above is provided with at least one dust suction unit above the inside of the work box 1, as shown in FIG.
  • the dust-collecting unit works from the start to the whole process to prevent dust from flying, and is provided with a dust collecting mechanism to collect dust in a concentrated manner.
  • the dust collection unit includes a filter 27 that is vertically set up, an air suction nozzle 39 for air suction, a filter element 28 disposed inside the filter screen 27, and a filter element. a blower nozzle 29 inside the working chamber 1, a blower 30 connected to the blower nozzle 29 for blowing air, and a powder box 31 provided with a powder collection under the filter cartridge 28,
  • the screen 27 forms a triangle with the two side walls of the work box 1.
  • the blower 30 drives the blow air nozzle 29 to blow the air, and the dust adsorbed on the outer wall of the filter element 28 is blown off. It is collected in the powder container 31 and collected for reuse.
  • the mixing mechanism includes a mixing shaft 36, and a plurality of horizontal rods 37 are disposed on the mixing shaft 36, and a mixing ribbon 38 is attached to the horizontal rods 37.
  • the entire mixing mechanism has a large upper portion and a small lower portion, which just matches the mixing powder bucket 4. The new powder is well mixed with the recovered powder.
  • This structure is advantageous for adapting to the mixing of all mixed materials. Because the materials used for powder sintering are often mixed materials rather than single materials, the powders in the mixed materials are prone to delamination and segregation during powder mixing due to the inclusion of particles of different densities and diameters, resulting in uneven material mixing. And the production failed. This problem often occurs with a pneumatic fluidized bed as a mixing mechanism, so it can only be used as a mixed structure of a single material, and cannot be adapted to a mixed structure of mixed materials. And now this ribbon mixer is a good solution to this problem.
  • the bottom of the molding barrel 2 is provided with a movable barrel bottom 7 which can slide up and down along the inner wall of the molding barrel 2, and the ejection mechanism includes a driving motor 12 and is fixed at a sprocket 13 on the output shaft of the drive motor 12, a chain 14, a screw 15 driven by the chain 14, a nut 16 fixed to the screw 15, and a fixed connection with the nut 16 for pushing the movable bottom 7 to slide up and down Rack 17.
  • Guide posts 32 for guiding the push frame 17 are provided on both sides of the screw 15.
  • the ejector mechanism drives the movable bucket bottom 7 up and down by the chain drive and the screw drive.
  • the movable bucket bottom 7 is topped up until it is flush with the platform 33, and then the movable bucket bottom 7 is The workpiece and powder are manually pushed through the platform 33 to the screening mechanism.
  • the push frame 17 is provided with a lock barrel mechanism. After the push frame 17 pushes the movable bottom 7 into position, the movable bottom 7 is locked by the lock barrel mechanism to avoid tilting of the movable bottom 7 when the powder on the movable bottom 7 is transferred to the screening mechanism.
  • the lock-through mechanism includes a shaped hole 18 provided in the push frame 17 and a double-section rod 19 passing through the shaped hole 18, the shaped hole 18
  • the utility model comprises a large hole with two sides and a small hole connecting two large holes
  • the double-section rod 19 comprises a thin rod section and a thick rod section
  • the top end of the thin rod section of the double section rod 19 is fixed with a top plate 20
  • the spring rod 21 is sleeved on the thin rod segment, and the spring 21 is placed between the top plate 20 and the thick rod portion.
  • the push rod 17 is further provided with a connecting plate 22 which can be driven to slide by the double-segment rod 19, and the thin rod portion and The spring 21 passes through the connecting plate 22, and the connecting plate 22 is fixedly connected with a latch 23 for inserting the side wall hole 34 of the movable bottom 7.
  • the latches on the left and right sides in FIG. 23 is inserted into the side wall hole 34 of the movable tub bottom 7, and the latch 23 on the right side is extended and disassembled, and the latch 23 on the left side is not extended.
  • the specific method of use is to pull down the thick rod section of the double-section rod 19, the spring 21 is compressed, the thin rod section extends into the large hole of the special-shaped hole 18, and the double-section rod 19 is pushed outward, and the thin rod section of the double-section rod 19 passes through the irregular shape.
  • the small hole of the hole 18 enters the other large hole, and the double-segment rod 19 also drives the pin 23 to move outward into the side wall hole 34, and the double-segment rod 19 is loosened, and the thick rod section enters the large hole, and the thick rod section cannot be too
  • the coarseness cannot pass through the small hole, so the locking of the movable bottom 7 is achieved.
  • the unlocking method is the same as the locking method, except that the double-segment rod 19 is pushed in to drive the bolt 23 out of the side wall hole 34.
  • the structure is simple, easy to manufacture and convenient to use.
  • the sifting mechanism includes a screen 24, a pneumatic vibrator 25 that drives the screen to shake, and an ultrasonic transducer 26 that prevents the mesh of the screen 24 from being blocked by the powder.
  • the sieving mechanism is a multi-frequency vibrating screen, and the pneumatic vibrator 25 is integrated with the grid 35 to form a resonant body.
  • the screening mechanism of the present invention performs a variety of different frequencies and the vibrations generated during the screening process play different roles.
  • the powder is regularly moved and tumbling on the mesh surface of the screen 24.
  • the powder has the opportunity to touch the mesh surface on the mesh surface.
  • the vibration generated by the pneumatic vibrator 25 prevents the powder from agglomeration, adhesion, and paste.
  • the vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 26 prevents the fine powder from sticking to the mesh wire, so that the mesh is not blocked.
  • different vibration frequencies and different amplitudes are superimposed on each other, which will generate different frequencies and amplitudes, so that the powder acceleration of the screening changes continuously.
  • the running track changes continuously in a small range, thus overcoming the problems of grading, removing impurities and filtering of various kinds of powders that are difficult to be sieved, reducing the phenomenon of blocking the nets and the paste nets, and increasing the permeability of the powder. Greatly increase production efficiency and reduce production costs.
  • the present invention also claims a method of working with a plastic product and powder processing system made using the additive as described above, including:
  • the molding barrel 2 After the powder in the molding barrel 2 is laser-sintered by the molding main body 9, the molding barrel 2 is removed into the working box 1, and the dust collecting unit is opened, so that the molding parts and the powder in the molding barrel 2 are further cooled at room temperature to achieve safety. After the contact temperature, the ejector mechanism tops the movable bottom 7 of the forming barrel 2, and the workpiece and the agglomerated powder in the forming barrel 2 are pushed out, and the powder is manually pushed to the sieving mechanism for recycling, and the useful workpiece is used.
  • the powder that has not been sintered falls into the sieve powder mechanism and then falls into the recovery powder drum 3, and the new powder in the new powder drum 5 is transported to the second powder pump 10 to In the mixing powder tank 4, the recovered powder in the recovery powder drum 3 is transported to the powder mixing drum 4 through the first conveying powder pump 6, and the recovered powder and the new powder in the mixing powder tank 4 are thoroughly mixed by the mixing mechanism. Finally, it is sent to the molding main body 9 through the third conveying powder pump 11 for laser sintering.

Abstract

一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统及其工作方法，该系统包括有工作箱(1)，在工作箱(1)内设有成型桶(2)、回收粉桶(3)、混粉桶(4)和新粉桶(5)，在成型桶(2)的底部设有将成型桶(2)内的粉体顶出的顶出机构，在回收粉桶(3)的顶部设有用于震碎筛选顶出来的粉体的筛粉机构，在回收粉桶(3)的底部设有用于将回收粉桶(3)内的粉体输送至混粉桶(4)的第一输送粉泵(6)，在新粉桶(5)的底部设有第二输送粉泵(10)，在混粉桶(4)内设有混粉机构，在混粉桶(4)的底部设有第三输送粉泵(11)。通过把塑胶产品清理，粉体过滤回收，新粉投料，混粉送粉，粉尘收集等多道工序完全集成在一个带粉尘收集装置的工作站内，有效收集过程产生的扬尘，杜绝粉体泄露，实现了洁净生产环境。

Description

一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统及其工作方法 【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统及其工作方法。
【背景技术】
现有激光烧结塑胶粉体成型的增材制造系统工业级3D打印机所需的所有分立设备，包括粉体提升小车，清粉平台，加粉桶，顶出机构、筛粉机构、回收粉桶、废粉桶、新粉桶、混粉机、送粉机，粉体称重器，以及吸尘除尘器等多个设备和设施均全部分立，并且所使用塑胶粉体是流动性极佳的超细粉体(通常粉体颗粒直径是10至100um直径)，目前操作人员完全手工方式从各个分立设备中把粉体从一个设备容器转移到另外一个设备容器以完成粉体回收，新粉投料，混合粉体，添加粉体等到成型主设备。在这个粉体周转过程中产生粉体污染，粉体吸潮水解，扬尘，容器底部泄露等问题，会造成占地面积大，环境易受污染，原材料损耗率高，劳动强度大以及工作效率低等不足。
如：目前的激光烧结粉体的增材制造系统每次启动前，需以手工方式借助提升小车把加粉桶从主设备取出，然后使用粉勺把上百公斤的塑胶粉体从混粉机容器转移至主设备加粉桶，再使用提升小车把装满粉的重达100公斤的加粉桶重新安装在主设备上，这个操作过程操作员体力消耗大，会产生大量扬尘，以及耗费大量工时。不适合女性 或体力差的操作员，极大限制了操作人员的选择，也导致选择使用本工艺方法的增材制造用户减少。
实现塑胶粉体在增材制造过程粉体回收和输送的自动化，控制粉尘实现清洁生产，降低劳动强度更加便捷使用，成为激光烧结粉体成型增材制造产品行业的重要发展方向，本发明就是基于这种情况作出的。
【发明内容】
本发明目的是克服了现有技术的不足，提供一种集成度高，自动化程度高、劳动强度低、操作简单的实现塑胶产品烧结后零件快速清理，粉体过滤回收，新粉投料，混粉送粉，粉尘收集等的一站式处理系统及其工作方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：包括有工作箱1，在工作箱1内设有成型桶2、回收粉桶3、混粉桶4和新粉桶5，在成型桶2的底部设有将成型桶2内的粉体顶出的顶出机构，在回收粉桶3的顶部设有用于震碎筛选顶出来的粉体的筛粉机构，在回收粉桶3的底部设有用于将回收粉桶3内的粉体输送至混粉桶4的第一输送粉泵6，在新粉桶5的底部设有用于将新粉桶5内的新粉输送至混粉桶4内的第二输送粉泵10，在混粉桶4内设有混粉机构，在混粉桶4的底部设有将混粉桶4内混合后的粉体输送至成型主机9的第三输送粉泵11。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：在 所述第一输送粉泵6、第二输送粉泵10、第三输送粉泵11的底部均设有称重模块8。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：在所述工作箱1的内部上方设有至少一个吸尘单元。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述第一输送粉泵6、第二输送粉泵10和第三输送粉泵11结构相同，所述第一输送粉泵6包括有泵体601，在泵体601分别设有进粉管602、出粉管603和气管604，在进粉管602上设有进粉阀605，在出粉管603上设有出粉阀606。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述成型桶2的底部设有可沿成型桶2内壁上下滑动的活动桶底7，所述顶出机构包括驱动电机12、固定在驱动电机12输出轴上的链轮13、链条14、被链条14带动转动的螺杆15、固定在螺杆15上的螺母16、与螺母16固定连接用于推动所述活动桶底7上下滑动的推架17。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述推架17上设有锁桶机构。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述锁通机构包括有设在所述推架17的异形孔18和穿过异形孔18的双段杆19，所述异形孔18包括有两侧的大孔和连接两个大孔的小孔，所述双段杆19包括有细杆段和粗杆段，所述双段杆19的细杆段端部固定有顶板20，在细杆段上套有弹簧21，弹簧21顶在顶板20和粗杆段之间，在推架17上还设有能被双段杆19带动滑动的连接板22， 所述细杆段和弹簧21穿过所述连接板22，所述连接板22上固定连接有用于插入所述成活动桶底7的侧壁孔34的插销23。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述筛粉机构包括有筛网24、带动筛网抖动的气动振动器25和防止筛网24的网孔被粉体堵住的超声波换能器26。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述吸尘单元包括有竖直设立的滤网27、用于抽气吸尘的抽气气嘴39、设在滤网27内部的滤芯28、设在滤芯28内部的吹气气嘴29、设在所述工作箱1上方与所述吹气气嘴29相连用于吹气的风机30、设在滤芯28下方设有收集粉体的粉盒31。
一种如上任一项所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统的工作方法，其特征在于包括有：
成型桶2内的粉体经成型主机9激光烧结成型后，将成型桶2移出至工作箱1内，开启吸尘单元，让成型桶2内的成型零件和粉体在室温下进一步降温达到安全接触温度后，顶出机构将成型桶2的活动桶底7向上顶，将成型桶2内的工件和结块的粉体顶出来，手动将粉体推到筛粉机构回收，其中有用的工件通过清除表面的粉体后分离出来，没有经过烧结的粉体就掉进筛粉机构震碎然后掉进回收粉桶3里面，新粉桶5内的新粉通过第二输送粉泵10输送到混粉桶4内，回收粉桶3内的回收粉体通过第一输送粉泵6输送到混粉桶4内，混粉桶4内的回收粉体和新粉体经混粉机构充分混合后，最后通过第三输送粉泵11输送至成型主机9，用于激光烧结。
与现有技术相比，本发明有如下优点：
1、本发明把塑胶产品清理，粉体过滤回收，新粉投料，混粉送粉，粉尘收集，等多道工序完全集成在一个带粉尘收集装置的工作站内，有效收集过程产生的扬尘，杜绝粉体泄露，实现了洁净生产环境；
2、本发明为增材制造过程提供了一个便捷和可靠的粉体处理方法，粉体在封闭的容器和管路实现转移，不用人手接触粉体材料，即可以完成筛粉，混粉以及送粉等操作，并根据工作信号自动完成粉体配比混合和输送到成型主机的加粉桶上，极大提高了工作效率、降低了劳动强度，同时降低粉体因吸潮导致的塑胶零件烧结成型的不合格率。
3、本发明粉体输送泵便捷有效性高，采用压缩空气蠕动泵技术，送粉管路安装简单，占空间小，噪音小，送粉效率高等特点，同时防止粉体含由于不同密度不同直径颗粒导致材质在粉体输送过程出现的分层偏析现象。
4、本发明采用的螺带式混合机有利于把含有高密度无机物增强的塑胶粉体充分均匀混合，防止塑胶粉体当中不同比重的组分在混合过程的偏析分层现象。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明平面图；
图2是本发明锁通机构的分解图；
图3是本发明成型桶底部的顶出机构立体图；
图4是本发明筛粉机构立体图；
图5是本发明混粉机构的平面图；
图6为输送粉泵的原理示意图；
图7为吸尘单元的立体图。
图中：1为工作箱；2为成型桶；3为回收粉桶；4为混粉桶；5为新粉桶；6为第一输送粉泵；601为泵体；602为进粉管；603为出粉管；604为气管；605为进粉阀；606为出粉阀；7为活动桶底；8为称重模块；9为成型主机；10为第二输送粉泵；11为第三输送粉泵；12为驱动电机；13为链轮；14为链条；15为螺杆；16为螺母；17为推架；18为异形孔；19为双段杆；20为顶板；21为弹簧；22为连接板；23为插销；24为筛网；25为气动振动器；26为超声波换能器；27为滤网；28为滤芯；29为吹气气嘴；30为风机；31为粉盒；32为导柱；33为平台；34为侧壁孔；35为网架；36为混粉轴；37为水平杆；38为混粉螺带；39为抽气气嘴。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图对本发明技术特征作进一步详细说明以便于所述领域技术人员能够理解。
一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，该系统及其工作方法用于3D打印。包括有工作箱1，在工作箱1内设有成型桶2、回收粉桶3、混粉桶4和新粉桶5，在成型桶2的底部设有将成型桶2内的粉体顶出的顶出机构，在回收粉桶3的顶部设有用于震碎筛选顶出来的粉体的筛粉机构，在回收粉桶3的底部设有用于将回收粉桶3内的 粉体输送至混粉桶4的第一输送粉泵6，在新粉桶5的底部设有用于将新粉桶5内的新粉输送至混粉桶4内的第二输送粉泵10，在混粉桶4内设有混粉机构，在混粉桶4的底部设有将混粉桶4内混合后的粉体输送至成型主机9的第三输送粉泵11，如图1至图7所示，图中为方便查看，省略了部分零部件。
顶出机构将活动桶底7往上顶出，将成型桶2内的工件和粉体顶到平台33上，在平台33上将工件上的粉体清除，然后手动将粉体推到筛粉机构。成型桶2是经在成型主机9烧结完毕后转移到工作箱1内的，工作箱1密闭，设有可打开的门，底部设有滚轮。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，所述第一输送粉泵6、第二输送粉泵10和第三输送粉泵11结构相同，在所述第一输送粉泵6、第二输送粉泵10、第三输送粉泵11的底部均设有称重模块8。使得三个输送粉泵成为定量送粉泵，可以精确地把新粉、回收粉按比例混合，比如通过第一输送粉泵6往混粉桶4输送回收粉20千克，通过第二输送粉泵10往混粉桶4输送新粉40千克，混合后的60千克混合粉不需要一次输送至成型主机9，可以通过第三输送粉泵11分多次输送成型主机9。这样混粉桶4内就可以储备较多的混合粉供成型主机9打印多个工件，而不用每打印一个工件都要混粉。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，所述第一输送粉泵6包括有泵体601，在泵体601分别设有进粉管602、出粉管603和气管604，在进粉管602上设有进粉阀605，在出粉管603上设有出粉阀606，在气管604接口处设有滤芯，粉体无法穿过该滤芯进入 气管604内。
如图6所示，粉泵在吸粉状态时，进粉阀605打开，出粉阀606关闭，气管604抽气，粉体就被抽至泵体601内。
粉泵在送粉状态时，进粉阀605关闭，出粉阀606打开，气管604吹气，粉体就从泵体601被送出。
本发明的送粉泵采用压缩空气蠕动泵技术，送粉管径小，送粉设备铺设简单，不占空间，噪音小，送粉效率高。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，在所述工作箱1的内部上方设有至少一个吸尘单元，如图7所示。
在将成型桶2内的粉体推至回收粉桶3的过程中，不可避免的会有粉尘飘出，为避免污染环境和浪费，因此有必要设置吸尘单元。吸尘单元从开机开始全程工作，防止粉尘飞扬，并且设有粉尘收集机构，能把粉尘集中回收。
具体地，如图7所示，所述吸尘单元包括有竖直设立的滤网27、用于抽气吸尘的抽气气嘴39、设在滤网27内部的滤芯28、设在滤芯28内部的吹气气嘴29、设在所述工作箱1上方与所述吹气气嘴29相连用于吹气的风机30、设在滤芯28下方设有收集粉体的粉盒31，所述滤网27与所述工作箱1的两个侧壁形成三角形。
吸粉时，通过抽气气嘴39抽气，将飘散出来的粉尘穿过滤网27吸到滤芯28外壁，然后风机30驱动吹气气嘴29吹气，将吸附在滤芯28外壁的粉尘吹落掉在粉盒31中收集起来再利用。
所述混粉机构包括有混粉轴36，在混粉轴36上设有多根水平杆 37，多跟水平杆37上连有混粉螺带38。整个混粉机构上部大，下部小，刚好与混粉桶4匹配。使新粉体与回收粉体达到良好的混合。
这个结构是有利于适应所有混合材料的混合。因为粉末烧结所使用的材料经常是混合材料，而不是单一材料，而混合材料中粉体由于含有不同密度不同直径颗粒导致材质在粉体混合过程很容易出现分层偏析现象，导致材料混合不均匀而导致制作失败。而采用气动流化床作为混合机构常常就出现这个问题，所以只能适合作为单一材料的混合结构，而不能适应混合材料的混合结构。而现在这个螺带式混合机就是能很好地解决这个问题。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，所述成型桶2的底部设有可沿成型桶2内壁上下滑动的活动桶底7，所述顶出机构包括驱动电机12、固定在驱动电机12输出轴上的链轮13、链条14、被链条14带动转动的螺杆15、固定在螺杆15上的螺母16、与螺母16固定连接用于推动所述活动桶底7上下滑动的推架17。在螺杆15的两侧设有对推架17导向的导柱32。
如图3所示，顶出机构通过链条传动和螺杆传动带动活动桶底7上下运动，工作时，将活动桶底7往上顶，直到与平台33平齐，然后将活动桶底7上的工件和粉体手动通过平台33推到筛粉机构。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，所述推架17上设有锁桶机构。在推架17将活动桶底7推到位后通过锁桶机构对活动桶底7进行锁定，避免在将活动桶底7上的粉体转移到筛粉机构时活动桶底7发生倾斜。
如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，所述锁通机构包括有设在所述推架17的异形孔18和穿过异形孔18的双段杆19，所述异形孔18包括有两侧的大孔和连接两个大孔的小孔，所述双段杆19包括有细杆段和粗杆段，所述双段杆19的细杆段端部固定有顶板20，在细杆段上套有弹簧21，弹簧21顶在顶板20和粗杆段之间，在推架17上还设有能被双段杆19带动滑动的连接板22，所述细杆段和弹簧21穿过所述连接板22，所述连接板22上固定连接有用于插入所述活动桶底7的侧壁孔34的插销23，如图2所示，图2中左右两侧的插销23用于插入活动桶底7的侧壁孔34中，右侧的插销23伸出，被分解，左侧的插销23未伸出。
具体使用方法是往下拉双段杆19的粗杆段，弹簧21被压缩，细杆段伸入异形孔18的大孔，将双段杆19往外推，双段杆19的细杆段通过异形孔18的小孔，进入另一个大孔，双段杆19也带动插销23往外运动插入侧壁孔34内，松开双段杆19，粗杆段进入大孔，粗杆段没法因为太粗不能通过小孔，因此实现对活动桶底7的锁定。
解锁方法与锁定的方法相同，不同的是往里推双段杆19带动插销23从侧壁孔34出来。结构简单、制造容易、使用方便。
如图4所示，所述筛粉机构包括有筛网24、带动筛网抖动的气动振动器25和防止筛网24的网孔被粉体堵住的超声波换能器26。该筛粉机构是一个多频振动筛，气动振动器25与网架35连成一个整体，形成共振体。
本发明筛粉机构通过多种不同的频率，在筛分过程中这多个频率 及其产生的振动起到了不同的作用。使粉体在筛网24网面上有规律的移动和翻滚。粉体在网面上均有机会接触网面。气动振动器25产生的振动，使粉体避免了团聚、粘连、糊网。超声波换能器26产生的振动，使微细粉不能粘到筛网丝经上，所以不堵网。同时不同振动频率和不同振幅相互叠加，会产生不同的频率和振幅，使筛分的粉体加速度不断变化。运行轨迹在小范围内不断变化，故而克服了各种不易筛分的粉体的分级、去杂、过滤的难题，减少了颗粒堵网、糊网的现象，增加了粉体透网率，极大的提高了生产效率，降低生产成本。
本发明还请求保护一种采用如上所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统的工作方法，包括有：
成型桶2内的粉体经成型主机9激光烧结成型后，将成型桶2移出至工作箱1内，开启吸尘单元，让成型桶2内的成型零件和粉体在室温下进一步降温达到安全接触温度后，顶出机构将成型桶2的活动桶底7向上顶，将成型桶2内的工件和结块的粉体顶出来，手动将粉体推到筛粉机构回收，其中有用的工件通过清除表面的粉体后分离出来，没有经过烧结的粉体就掉进筛粉机构震碎然后掉进回收粉桶3里面，新粉桶5内的新粉通过第二输送粉泵10输送到混粉桶4内，回收粉桶3内的回收粉体通过第一输送粉泵6输送到混粉桶4内，混粉桶4内的回收粉体和新粉体经混粉机构充分混合后，最后通过第三输送粉泵11输送至成型主机9，用于激光烧结。
本发明所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行的描述，并非对发明构思和范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计思想的前 提下，本领域中工程技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变型和改进，均应落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：包括有工作箱1，在工作箱1内设有成型桶2、回收粉桶3、混粉桶4和新粉桶5，在成型桶2的底部设有将成型桶2内的粉体顶出的顶出机构，在回收粉桶3的顶部设有用于震碎筛选顶出来的粉体的筛粉机构，在回收粉桶3的底部设有用于将回收粉桶3内的粉体输送至混粉桶4的第一输送粉泵6，在新粉桶5的底部设有用于将新粉桶5内的新粉输送至混粉桶4内的第二输送粉泵10，在混粉桶4内设有混粉机构，在混粉桶4的底部设有将混粉桶4内混合后的粉体输送至成型主机9的第三输送粉泵11。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：在所述第一输送粉泵6、第二输送粉泵10、第三输送粉泵11的底部均设有称重模块8。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：在所述工作箱1的内部上方设有至少一个吸尘单元。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述第一输送粉泵6、第二输送粉泵10和第三输送粉泵11结构相同，所述第一输送粉泵6包括有泵体601，在泵体601分别设有进粉管602、出粉管603和气管604，在进粉管602上设有进粉阀605，在出粉管603上设有出粉阀606。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系 统，其特征在于：所述成型桶2的底部设有可沿成型桶2内壁上下滑动的活动桶底7，所述顶出机构包括驱动电机12、固定在驱动电机12输出轴上的链轮13、链条14、被链条14带动转动的螺杆15、固定在螺杆15上的螺母16、与螺母16固定连接用于推动所述活动桶底7上下滑动的推架17。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述推架17上设有锁桶机构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述锁通机构包括有设在所述推架17的异形孔18和穿过异形孔18的双段杆19，所述异形孔18包括有两侧的大孔和连接两个大孔的小孔，所述双段杆19包括有细杆段和粗杆段，所述双段杆19的细杆段端部固定有顶板20，在细杆段上套有弹簧21，弹簧21顶在顶板20和粗杆段之间，在推架17上还设有能被双段杆19带动滑动的连接板22，所述细杆段和弹簧21穿过所述连接板22，所述连接板22上固定连接有用于插入所述成活动桶底7的侧壁孔34的插销23。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述筛粉机构包括有筛网24、带动筛网抖动的气动振动器25和防止筛网24的网孔被粉体堵住的超声波换能器26。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统，其特征在于：所述吸尘单元包括有竖直设立的滤网27、用于抽气吸尘的抽气气嘴39、设在滤网27内部的滤芯28、设在滤芯28内 部的吹气气嘴29、设在所述工作箱1上方与所述吹气气嘴29相连用于吹气的风机30、设在滤芯28下方设有收集粉体的粉盒31。
  10. 一种采用权利要求1至9任一项所述增材制造的塑胶产品及粉体处理系统的工作方法，其特征在于包括有：
    成型桶(2)内的粉体经成型主机(9)激光烧结成型后，将成型桶(2)移出至工作箱(1)内，开启吸尘单元，让成型桶(2)内的成型零件和粉体在室温下进一步降温达到安全接触温度后，顶出机构将成型桶(2)的活动桶底(7)向上顶，将成型桶(2)内的工件和结块的粉体顶出来，手动将粉体推到筛粉机构回收，其中有用的工件通过清除表面的粉体后分离出来，没有经过烧结的粉体就掉进筛粉机构震碎然后掉进回收粉桶(3)里面，新粉桶(5)内的新粉通过第二输送粉泵(10)输送到混粉桶(4)内，回收粉桶(3)内的回收粉体通过第一输送粉泵(6)输送到混粉桶(4)内，混粉桶(4)内的回收粉体和新粉体经混粉机构充分混合后，最后通过第三输送粉泵(11)输送至成型主机(9)，用于激光烧结。
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