WO2019095684A1 - 锂电池保护控制asic芯片系统 - Google Patents

锂电池保护控制asic芯片系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019095684A1
WO2019095684A1 PCT/CN2018/091608 CN2018091608W WO2019095684A1 WO 2019095684 A1 WO2019095684 A1 WO 2019095684A1 CN 2018091608 W CN2018091608 W CN 2018091608W WO 2019095684 A1 WO2019095684 A1 WO 2019095684A1
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module
chip system
lithium battery
asic chip
cell
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PCT/CN2018/091608
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English (en)
French (fr)
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倪祖根
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莱克电气股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019095684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019095684A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of charging protection technology, and more particularly to a lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system.
  • lithium battery products are characterized by their small size, high energy density, long cycle life, fast charge and discharge, long storage life, no memory effect, green environmental protection and low self-discharge rate.
  • more and more portable products have used lithium batteries as the main source of power, such as vacuum cleaners and garden tools.
  • the basic functions of the lithium battery protection control circuit include overvoltage charging protection, overvoltage discharge protection, discharge overcurrent protection, and short circuit protection.
  • the lithium battery may cause voltage inconsistency between the individual cells, and a power balancing technique is needed to balance the cells in the battery.
  • lithium battery protection circuit generally protected by lithium battery integrated circuit chip AFE / DFE, main control MCU and its drive circuit, power circuit, power status display circuit, switch button detection circuit, charging MOS and drive circuit and discharge MOS and A drive circuit or the like is formed.
  • the lithium battery protection integrated circuit chip AFE/DFE monitors the voltage of the battery and communicates with the main control MCU; the main control MCU controls the on/off speed regulation of the charge and discharge MOS through the MOS drive circuit according to the current charge and discharge state and the battery voltage.
  • the present invention provides a lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system, which is specifically designed for a lithium battery power supply system, has a simple peripheral circuit, perfect protection function, low power consumption, and improved reliability. Integrated circuit chip system with enhanced functions, enhanced confidentiality, and reduced cost.
  • the invention provides a lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system, which comprises:
  • the single-cell battery detection module has one end connected to each single-cell battery, and is used for detecting the electric quantity of each single-cell battery, the limit of each single-cell voltage during charging and discharging, and balancing the single-cell batteries. Electricity
  • a power supply control module connected to each module for providing a stable power source
  • the bus interface module is further connected to a charging MOS tube driving module, a discharging MOS tube driving module, a general-purpose I/O module, a battery temperature monitoring module, a switch button module for controlling switches and gear positions, and an IIC for communication.
  • a single-section voltage monitoring module is used for monitoring the voltage limit during charging and discharging of a single cell
  • a battery power detecting module connected to the bus interface module, for detecting a single cell power, and outputting the detected cell power to the main control unit module through the bus interface module in real time;
  • An equalization module is connected to the main control unit module through the bus interface module, and is configured to balance the detected power of each single cell.
  • the charging MOS tube driving module comprises a P-type MOS tube driving module and an N-type MOS tube driving module.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes:
  • An LDO output module has an input connected to the power supply control module for providing a high precision voltage power supply.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes:
  • the battery temperature monitoring module has one end connected to the single cell and the output end connected to the bus interface module for detecting the temperature of the single cell.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes:
  • the power display module has an input end connected to the bus interface module; the main control unit module transmits the battery power to the power display module for display.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes:
  • a short-circuit detecting module one end of which is connected to the battery charging and discharging current detecting module, configured to acquire currents of the single-cell cells detected by the battery charging and discharging current detecting module, and determine whether the single-cell battery is short-circuited .
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes:
  • the protection module has an input end connected to the positive pole of the single cell, and an output end connected to the power supply control module for protecting the safety of the entire chip power supply system.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system comprises single-section overcharge protection, single-section over-discharge protection, charging over-current protection, discharge over-current protection, short-circuit protection, battery temperature detection module, IIC communication module, and power display module
  • the functions of PWM output module, LDO output module, two-way MOS tube drive module and equalization circuit module are simple peripheral circuit, perfect protection function, low power consumption, improved reliability, enhanced function, enhanced confidentiality and reduced cost.
  • Integrated circuit chip system Especially suitable for vacuum cleaner appliances / garden tools and other products on the requirements of rechargeable lithium batteries and low power consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of a docking identification of a lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system according to the present invention.
  • 30-power supply control module 40-charge MOS tube drive module; 50-general I/O module;
  • 60-discharge MOS tube drive module 70-switch button module; 80-IIC communication module;
  • 90-battery charge and discharge current detection module 100-LDO output; 110-battery temperature monitoring module;
  • 120-electricity display module 130-short circuit detection module; 140-protection module;
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system of the present invention includes a main control unit module 150, a bus interface module 10, a single cell detection module 21, and a power supply control module 30.
  • the main control unit module 150 is connected to the bus interface module 10.
  • the power supply control module 30 is coupled to each module for providing a stable power supply.
  • the bus interface module 10 is also respectively connected with a charging MOS tube driving module 40, a general-purpose I/O module 50, a discharge MOS tube driving module 60, a switch button module 70 for controlling switches and gear positions, and an IIC for communication.
  • the single cell detection module 21 includes a single voltage monitoring module; a battery power detection module and an equalization module. One end of the single cell detection module 21 is connected to the positive pole of the single cell for reading a single voltage.
  • the single cell is a cell of a peripheral circuit.
  • the single-section voltage monitoring module is used to monitor the voltage limit during charging and discharging of a single cell.
  • the battery power detecting module is connected to the bus interface module 10, and outputs the detected battery power to the main control unit module 150 in real time through the bus interface 10 module.
  • the equalization module is respectively connected to the main control unit module 150 through the bus interface module 10 for equalizing the detected electric power of each single cell.
  • the charging MOS transistor driving module 40 includes a P-type MOS transistor driving module and an N-type MOS transistor driving module, and the discharging MOS transistor driving module 60 is divided into two paths to drive the dual motor.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes an LDO output module 100.
  • the input of the LDO output module 100 is coupled to the power supply control module 30 for providing a high precision voltage source.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes a battery temperature monitoring module 110 for monitoring battery temperature.
  • the battery temperature monitoring module 110 has one end connected to a single cell, and an output end connected to the bus interface module 10 for detecting a single cell temperature.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes a power display module 120.
  • the input of the power display module 120 is connected to the bus interface module 10; the main control unit module 150 transmits the battery power to the power display module 120 for display.
  • one end of the battery charge and discharge current detecting module 90 is connected to the negative electrode of the peripheral circuit cell for detecting the current flowing through the cell.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes a short circuit detecting module 130, one end of which is connected to the battery charging and discharging current detecting module 90, and is configured to acquire the current of each single cell detected by the battery charging and discharging current detecting module 90. And determining whether the single cell has a short circuit.
  • the main control unit module 150 internally sets a short circuit determination condition.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system further includes a protection module 140.
  • the input end of the protection module 140 is connected to the positive pole of the peripheral circuit battery, and the output end is connected to the power supply control module 30, and has antistatic capability.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system is connected to a number of peripheral lithium battery single-cell batteries, and each cell has a single-section detection wire connected to the chip pin.
  • the human-computer interaction interface is connected to the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system, and includes external input and display output and the like.
  • the switch button module 70 is exemplified as a button input
  • the power display module 120 is exemplified as an LED display output.
  • the charging MOS tube driving module 40 can realize the charging function of the lithium battery cell through chip control, which comprises a P-type MOS tube driving module and an N-type MOS tube driving module, and the discharging MOS tube driving module 60 includes two MOS driving modules, which can be driven Dual motor, especially suitable for dual-motor vacuum cleaner appliances / garden tools.
  • the charging MOS transistor driving module 40 further includes a peripheral circuit portion for signal preprocessing and perfect chip matching functions.
  • the charge and discharge protection and control of lithium batteries are mainly controlled and realized by the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system.
  • the charging MOS tube driving module 40 communicates with the main control unit module 150, and the main control unit module 150 monitors the voltage value collected by the single-section voltage monitoring module in real time according to the program setting, when the battery voltage is higher than the preset value.
  • the P-type MOS transistor driving module and the N-type MOS transistor driving module are controlled to stop charging.
  • the single-cell cell detection module 21 has a hardware circuit, and the control circuit stops charging when a single-section overvoltage occurs.
  • the battery charging and discharging current detecting module 90 is connected to the main control unit module 150, and outputs the charging current to the main control unit module 150 in real time, and the main control unit module 150 monitors the current according to the program to perform charging overcurrent protection, and It is judged whether or not the end of charging protects the lithium battery by determining the charge cutoff current.
  • the charging MOS tube driving module 40 stops outputting the driving signal, and the main control unit module 150 outputs the corresponding PWM duty ratio to the two-way discharging MOS driving circuit portion according to the current gear position control, and controls the state of the speed regulation and the soft start.
  • the battery charge and discharge current detecting module 90 outputs the discharge current to the main control unit module 150, and the main control unit module 150 monitors the discharge current value according to the program setting, and performs discharge overcurrent protection according to the program setting.
  • the protection current and protection time of the short-circuit detection circuit are set by the program, controlled by the main control unit module 150, and both discharges are short-circuit protected.
  • the short circuit detecting circuit is connected to the main control unit module 150 and the battery discharge current detecting module 90, and transmits the current discharging current to the main control unit module 150 in real time.
  • the main control unit module 150 determines whether the current current needs protection according to the program, and closes the two channels in time. Output MOS drive section.
  • the chip includes a battery temperature monitoring module 110, and the peripheral circuit can be connected to a temperature sensing component such as NTC.
  • the main control unit module 150 will monitor the temperature according to the program, determine whether it is necessary to stop charging or discharging, and ensure the safety of the battery and the system.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system also has a battery power detecting function, and the battery power detecting module 212 outputs the detected battery power to the main control unit module 150 in real time.
  • the main control unit module 150 transmits data to the power quantity display module 120 according to the program, and at the same time, the digital power quantity data can be output through the IIC communication module 80, and the human-machine interaction module can display the power quantity, so that the user can understand the state of the battery core in real time.
  • the equalization circuit module is connected to the main control unit module 150, and the state of charge of the lithium battery can be detected simultaneously by the single cell detection module 21, and the state of the detected lithium battery cell is output to the main control unit module 150;
  • the main control unit module 150 controls the shunt discharge to reduce the charging speed, and as the charging progresses, the battery will continue to be shunted and discharged to the equilibrium point, and gradually realize The battery balance of all the cells.
  • the lithium battery protection control ASIC chip system comprises single-section overcharge protection, single-section over-discharge protection, charging over-current protection, discharge over-current protection, short-circuit protection, battery temperature detection module, IIC communication module, and power display module
  • the functions of PWM output module, LDO output module, two-way MOS drive module and equalization circuit module are simple peripheral circuit, perfect protection function, low power consumption, improved reliability, enhanced function, enhanced confidentiality and reduced cost.
  • Integrated circuit chip system Especially suitable for vacuum cleaner appliances / garden tools and other products on the requirements of rechargeable lithium batteries and low power consumption.

Abstract

一种锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，包括主控单元模块(150)；总线接口模块(10)；单节电芯检测模块(21)，其一端与各单节电芯相连，用于检测各单节电芯的电量、充放电过程中各单节电芯电压的限值，以及均衡各单节电芯的电量；供电控制模块(30)，其与各模块连接，用于提供稳定电源；其中，所述总线接口模块(10)还分别连接充电MOS管驱动模块(40)、放电MOS管驱动模块(60)、通用I/O模块(50)、电池温度监测模块(110)、用于控制开关和档位的开关按键模块(70)、用于通信的IIC通讯模块(80)、用于检测单节电芯电流的电池充放电电流检测模块。该锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统是一种外围电路简单、保护功能完善、功耗低、可靠性提高、功能增强、保密性增强、成本降低的集成电路芯片系统。

Description

锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统 技术领域
本发明涉及充电保护技术领域，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统。
背景技术
随着吸尘器家电和园林工具的不断发展，用户对无线产品的认可越来越高，于是衍生出便携类产品。其中，锂电池类产品以其体积小、能量密度高、循环寿命长、快速充放电、储存寿命长、无记忆效应、绿色环保和自放电率低等优异特性，是未来电池发展的趋势所在。近年来，越来越多的便携式产品采用锂电池作为主要电源，例如吸尘器和园林工具等。
由于锂电池的化学特性，电池在过度放电的情形下，电解液因分解而导致电池特性劣化，而过度充电会造成电池寿命的缩短，电池性能受到严重破坏，甚至发生爆炸。正因如此，为保证锂电池的性能、寿命和使用安全等问题，所有的锂电池使用时都需要一个保护电路来实现过充、过放、过电流等一系列的保护功能。
锂电池保护控制电路的基本功能包括过电压充电保护，过电压放电保护，放电过流保护，短路保护。此外，锂电池经过长时间正常的充、放电之后可能会引起各个单电池之间的电压不一致，需要采用电量均衡技术来对蓄电池中的单电池进行均衡操作。
目前常用的锂电池保护电路，一般由锂电池保护集成电路芯片AFE/DFE、主控MCU及其驱动电路、电源电路、电量状态显示电路、开关按键检测电路、充电MOS及驱动电路和放电MOS及驱动电路等构成。锂电池保护集成电路芯片AFE/DFE监视电池的电压，并与主控MCU通信；主控MCU根据当前充放电状态和电池电压，通过MOS驱动电路控制充放电MOS的通断调速。
由于传统的锂电池保护电路的各个模块相对于独立系统外围电路和芯片非常多，且生产工序复杂，生产周期长，成本较高，可靠性一般，保护电路体积很大。
发明内容
针对上述技术中存在的不足之处，本发明提供一种锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，是一种专门针对锂电池供电系统的、外围电路简单、保护功能完善、功耗低、可靠性提高、功能增强、保密性增强、成本降低的集成电路芯片系统。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
本发明提供一种锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其包括：
主控单元模块；
总线接口模块；
单节电芯检测模块，其一端与各单节电芯相连，用于检测各单节电芯的电量、充放电过程中各单节电芯电压的限值，以及均衡各单节电芯的电量；
供电控制模块，其与各模块连接，用于提供稳定电源；
其中，所述总线接口模块还分别连接充电MOS管驱动模块、放电MOS管驱动模块、通用I/O模块、电池温度监测模块、用于控制开关和档位的开关按键模块、用于通信的IIC通讯模块、用于检测单节电芯电流的电池充放电电流检测模块。
优选的是，单节电压监测模块，其用于监测单节电芯充放电过程中电压的限值；
电池电量检测模块，其与所述总线接口模块相连，用于检测单节电芯电量，并将将检测到的电芯电量通过所述总线接口模块实时输出至所述主控单元模块；以及，
均衡模块，其通过所述总线接口模块与所述主控单元模块相连，用于将检测到的各单节电芯电量均衡。
优选的是，所述充电MOS管驱动模块包括P型MOS管驱动模块和N型 MOS管驱动模块。
优选的是，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
LDO输出模块，其输入端与所述供电控制模块相连，用于提供高精度电压的电源。
优选的是，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
电池温度监测模块，其一端与单节电芯连接，且其输出端与所述总线接口模块相连，用于检测单节电芯温度。
优选的是，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
电量显示模块，其输入端与所述总线接口模块相连；所述主控单元模块将电芯电量传送至所述电量显示模块显示。
优选的是，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
短路检测模块，其一端与所述电池充放电电流检测模块相连，用于获取所述电池充放电电流检测模块检测到的各单节电芯的电流，并判断所述单节电芯是否出现短路。
优选的是，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
保护模块，其输入端与单节电芯正极相连，输出端与所述供电控制模块相连，用于保护整个芯片供电系统安全。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果：
本发明提供的锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，含有单节过充保护、单节过放保护、充电过流保护、放电过流保护、短路保护、电池温度检测模块、IIC通讯模块、电量显示模块、PWM输出模块、LDO输出模块、两路MOS管驱动模块和均衡电路模块等功能，是一种外围电路简单、保护功能完善、功耗低、可靠性提高、功能增强、保密性增强、成本降低的集成电路芯片系统。尤其适合吸尘器家电/园林工具等产品对充电锂电池和低功耗的要求。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现，部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统的对接识别俯视图。
图中：
10-总线接口模块；
21-单节电芯检测模块；
30-供电控制模块；40-充电MOS管驱动模块；50-通用I/O模块；
60-放电MOS管驱动模块；70-开关按键模块；80-IIC通讯模块；
90-电池充放电电流检测模块；100-LDO输出；110-电池温度监测模块；
120-电量显示模块；130-短路检测模块；140-保护模块；
150-主控单元模块。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解，本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不排除一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
如图1所示，本发明的锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其包括主控单元模块150、总线接口模块10、单节电芯检测模块21以及供电控制模块30。
主控单元模块150与总线接口模块相连10。供电控制模块30与各模块连接，用于提供稳定电源。
其中，总线接口模块10还分别通信连接有充电MOS管驱动模块40、通用I/O模块50、放电MOS管驱动模块60、用于控制开关和档位的开关按键模块70、用于通信的IIC通讯模块80以及用于检测单节电芯电流的电池充放电电流检测模块90。
所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统可以为作为上述实施方式的进一步优选，单节电芯检测模块21包括单节电压监测模块；电池电量检测模块以及均衡模块。单节电芯检测模块21一端与单节电芯正极相连，用于读取单节电压。其中，所述单节电芯为外围电路的电芯。
单节电压监测模块其用于监测单节电芯充放电过程中电压的限值。电池电量检测模块与总线接口模块10相连，并将将检测到的电芯电量通过所述总线接口10模块实时输出至所述主控单元模块150。均衡模块通过总线接口模 块10分别与主控单元模块150相连，用于将检测到的各单节电芯电量均衡。
作为上述实施方式的进一步优选，充电MOS管驱动模块40包括P型MOS管驱动模块和N型MOS管驱动模块，放电MOS管驱动模块60分为两路，可驱动双电机。
作为上述实施方式的进一步优选，锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括LDO输出模块100。LDO输出模块100的输入端与供电控制模块30相连，用于提供高精度电压的电源。
作为上述实施方式的进一步优选，锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括用于监测电池温度的电池温度监测模块110。电池温度监测模块110其一端与单节电芯连接，其输出端与总线接口模块10相连，用于检测单节电芯温度。
作为上述实施方式的进一步优选，锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括电量显示模块120。电量显示模块120输入端与总线接口模块10相连；主控单元模块150将电芯电量传送至电量显示模块120显示。
作为上述实施方式的进一步优选，所述电池充放电电流检测模块90一端与外围电路电芯负极相连，用于检测流经电芯的电流。锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括短路检测模块130，其一端与所述电池充放电电流检测模块90相连，用于获取所述电池充放电电流检测模块90检测到的各单节电芯的电流，并判断所述单节电芯是否出现短路。其中，主控单元模块150内部设定有短路判断条件。
作为上述实施方式的进一步优选，锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括保护模块140。保护模块140输入端与外围电路电芯正极相连，输出端与供电控制模块30相连，具有抗静电能力。
<实施例>
结合上述实施方式，下面给出本发明的具体实施例。
锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统与若干节外围锂电池单节电芯相连，每节电芯均有单节检测导线连接至芯片引脚。人机交互界面与锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统连接，包含外部输入与显示输出等部分，如：开关按键模块70示例为按键输入，电量显示模块120示例为LED显示输出等。充电MOS管驱动模块40可通过芯片控制实现对锂电池电芯充电功能，其包括P型MOS 管驱动模块和N型MOS管驱动模块，放电MOS管驱动模块60包括两路MOS驱动模块，可驱动双电机，尤其适合双电机的吸尘器家电/园林工具。此外，充电MOS管驱动模块40还包含外围电路部分，用于信号预处理和完善芯片配套功能。
锂电池的充放电保护及控制主要由锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统控制和实现的。
充电状态下，充电MOS管驱动模块40与主控单元模块150通信，主控单元模块150将根据程序设定，实时监测单节电压监测模块采集的电压值，当电芯电压高于预设值时，控制P型MOS管驱动模块和N型MOS管驱动模块停止充电。单节电芯检测模块21有硬件电路，当单节过压时同样会控制电路停止充电。
电池充放电电流检测模块90与主控单元模块150相连，将充电的电流实时输出至主控单元模块150，主控单元模块150将根据程序设定，监测电流大小去进行充电过流保护，并通过判定充电截止电流来判断是否充电结束保护锂电池。
放电状态下，充电MOS管驱动模块40停止输出驱动信号，主控单元模块150根据当前档位控制输出相应PWM占空比给两路放电MOS驱动电路部分，控制其调速和软启动等状态。电池充放电电流检测模块90将放电电流输出至主控单元模块150，主控单元模块150将根据程序设定，监测放电电流值，根据程序设定进行放电过流保护。短路检测电路的保护电流和保护时间由程序设定，由主控单元模块150控制，两路放电均有短路保护。短路检测电路与主控单元模块150和电池放电电流检测模块90相连，实时将当前放电电流传输到主控单元模块150，主控单元模块150根据程序判定当前电流是否需要保护，并及时关闭两路输出MOS驱动部分。
芯片内包含电池温度监测模块110，外围电路可接NTC等感温元器件，主控单元模块150将根据程序设定，监测温度，判断是否需要停止充电或放电，保证电芯和系统安全。锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还具有电池电量检测功能，电池电量检测模块212将检测到的电芯电量实时输出至主控单元模块150。主控单元模块150根据程序将数据传送至电量显示模块120，同时 可通过IIC通讯模块80输出数字电量数据，人机交互模块可将电量显示出来，便于用户实时了解电芯状态。
均衡电路模块和主控单元模块150相连，可通过单节电芯检测模块21同时对锂电池充电状态进行检测，将检测到的锂电池电芯的状态输出至主控单元模块150；当其中最高电压的一节电池达到均衡点时，主控单元模块150就控制对其进行分流放电，降低其充电速度，随着充电的进行，会继续对其他达到均衡点的电池进行分流放电，逐渐就实现了全部电芯的电量均衡。
本发明提供的锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，含有单节过充保护、单节过放保护、充电过流保护、放电过流保护、短路保护、电池温度检测模块、IIC通讯模块、电量显示模块、PWM输出模块、LDO输出模块、两路MOS驱动模块和均衡电路模块等功能，是一种外围电路简单、保护功能完善、功耗低、可靠性提高、功能增强、保密性增强、成本降低的集成电路芯片系统。尤其适合吸尘器家电/园林工具等产品对充电锂电池和低功耗的要求。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用。它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域。对于熟悉本领域的人员而言可容易地实现另外的修改。因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，其包括：
    主控单元模块；
    总线接口模块；
    单节电芯检测模块，其一端与各单节电芯相连，用于检测各单节电芯的电量、充放电过程中各单节电芯电压的限值，以及均衡各单节电芯的电量；
    供电控制模块，其与各模块连接，用于提供稳定电源；
    其中，所述总线接口模块还分别连接充电MOS管驱动模块、放电MOS管驱动模块、通用I/O模块、电池温度监测模块、用于控制开关和档位的开关按键模块、用于通信的IIC通讯模块、用于检测单节电芯电流的电池充放电电流检测模块。
  2. 如权利要求1所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，所述电芯检测模块还包括有：
    单节电压监测模块，其用于监测单节电芯充放电过程中电压的限值；
    电池电量检测模块，其与所述总线接口模块相连，用于检测单节电芯电量，并将将检测到的电芯电量通过所述总线接口模块实时输出至所述主控单元模块；以及，
    均衡模块，其通过所述总线接口模块与所述主控单元模块相连，用于将检测到的各单节电芯电量均衡。
  3. 如权利要求1所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，所述充电MOS管驱动模块包括P型MOS管驱动模块和N型MOS管驱动模块。
  4. 如权利要求1所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
    LDO输出模块，其输入端与所述供电控制模块相连，用于提供高精度电压的电源。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
    电池温度监测模块，其一端与单节电芯连接，且其输出端与所述总线接 口模块相连，用于检测单节电芯温度。
  6. 如权利要求1所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
    电量显示模块，其输入端与所述总线接口模块相连；所述主控单元模块将电芯电量传送至所述电量显示模块显示。
  7. 如权利要求1所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
    短路检测模块，其一端与所述电池充放电电流检测模块相连，用于获取所述电池充放电电流检测模块检测到的各单节电芯的电流，并判断所述单节电芯是否出现短路。
  8. 如权利要求1所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统，其特征在于，所述锂电池保护控制ASIC芯片系统还包括：
    保护模块，其输入端与单节电芯正极相连，输出端与所述供电控制模块相连，用于保护整个芯片供电系统安全。
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