WO2018068710A1 - 电子烟及其电源结构 - Google Patents

电子烟及其电源结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018068710A1
WO2018068710A1 PCT/CN2017/105613 CN2017105613W WO2018068710A1 WO 2018068710 A1 WO2018068710 A1 WO 2018068710A1 CN 2017105613 W CN2017105613 W CN 2017105613W WO 2018068710 A1 WO2018068710 A1 WO 2018068710A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
circuit
voltage
power supply
supply structure
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PCT/CN2017/105613
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邱伟华
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常州市派腾电子技术服务有限公司
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Priority to EP17859386.9A priority Critical patent/EP3518377B1/en
Priority to US16/341,888 priority patent/US11641881B2/en
Publication of WO2018068710A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018068710A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/90—Arrangements or methods specially adapted for charging batteries thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0018—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using separate charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic cigarette technology, and in particular to an electronic cigarette and a power supply structure thereof.
  • rechargeable batteries As a portable and easy-to-use power source, rechargeable batteries have been widely used. Usually, depending on the power supply voltage, different numbers of rechargeable batteries are used in series to achieve the effect of adapting to different supply voltages.
  • the conventional scheme there is only a power supply structure design scheme for charging and discharging a single one or two and three series series batteries, and the same circuit can not meet the switching of the number of one, two, and three series batteries. Therefore, when we increase or decrease the number of batteries during charging, it is necessary to replace the adapted charging and discharging power supply structure at the same time, resulting in poor adaptability of the power supply structure, which is not conducive to people's use.
  • a power supply structure comprising at least two rechargeable batteries connected in series and a charging circuit connected to the rechargeable battery for charging the rechargeable battery, and further comprising a switching circuit connected to the at least two rechargeable batteries
  • the switching circuit is configured to switch the number of the rechargeable batteries connected in series to form different battery series circuits;
  • the charging circuit is configured to detect a voltage of the battery series circuit, and apply a standard charging voltage according to the detected voltage Converted to a different charging voltage, the battery is connected to the series circuit for charging.
  • the charging circuit includes a charging interface for accessing an external power source to obtain a standard charging voltage, the charging interface being respectively connected to the battery series circuit through a boosting module and a bucking module.
  • the charging circuit further includes a controller and a voltage sampling module, the controller is respectively connected to the boosting module and the buck module; the voltage sampling module is connected to the control Between the device and the battery series-parallel circuit, the voltage of the battery series-parallel circuit is detected and sent to the controller; the controller is configured to control the operation of the boost module or the buck module according to the detected voltage.
  • the boosting module includes a first switch, a boost charging circuit, a boost charging protection circuit, and a second switch, which are sequentially connected in series.
  • the boost charging circuit includes: a voltage boosting chip, a logic switching transistor, and a dual input AND gate chip, the first input end of the voltage boosting chip is connected to the charging interface, and the second input The terminal is connected to the logic switch tube and the dual input and gate chip.
  • the buck module includes a third switch, a buck charging circuit, a buck charge protection circuit, and a fourth switch, which are sequentially connected in series.
  • the step-down charging circuit comprises: a voltage conversion chip and a logic switching tube, the voltage conversion chip input end is connected to the charging interface, and the output end is connected to the logic switching tube.
  • the power supply interface is a USB interface.
  • the voltage sampling module includes voltage sampling units corresponding to the number of batteries, each of which collects battery voltage and feeds back to the controller.
  • An electronic cigarette includes an atomizer and a power supply structure as described above, and the power supply structure is connected to the atomizer to supply power to the atomizer.
  • the above power supply structure realizes that the same circuit can satisfy the switching of charging one or more series batteries.
  • the number of batteries is identified by detecting the voltage, and a corresponding charging scheme is provided according to the corresponding number of batteries. Specifically, when the battery is a section, the battery is charged by a step-down scheme; when the battery is two or more, the battery is charged by a boosting scheme.
  • the invention solves the problem that the existing power supply structure has single adaptability and is not conducive to people's use.
  • FIG. 1 is a working block diagram of a power supply structure in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a working block diagram of a power supply structure in another embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a working block diagram of a power supply structure in still another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a working principle diagram of a power supply structure in still another embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a boost charging circuit in one embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a step-down charging circuit in an embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a charging protection circuit in one embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an anti-reverse protection circuit in one embodiment.
  • the power supply structure includes a charging circuit 10, a battery pack 20 including at least two rechargeable batteries, and a switching circuit 30.
  • the charging circuit 10 is connected in series with the battery pack 20 for charging the battery pack 20; the switching circuit 30 is for switching the at least two rechargeable batteries to a battery series circuit in which a different number of rechargeable batteries are connected in series.
  • the charging circuit 10 includes a charging interface 100, a boosting module 110, and a buck module 120, as shown in FIG.
  • the charging interface 100 is selectively connected to the battery pack 20 through the boost module 110 and the buck module 120, and the charging interface 100 is used to access an external power source to obtain a standard charging voltage.
  • the boost module 110 and the buck module 120 may correspond to the case of a multi-cell battery and a one-cell battery, respectively. Specifically, assuming that the standard charging voltage is 5V and the standard voltage of the single-cell rechargeable battery is 4.2V, then when there is only one rechargeable battery in the circuit (the battery pack 20 has only one rechargeable battery) for charging, the step-down module is used. 120 is connected to the battery pack 20 to charge the battery; and when there are multiple rechargeable batteries in the circuit (the battery pack 20 includes a plurality of rechargeable batteries) for charging, the boosting module 110 is connected to the battery pack 20, thereby Charge multiple batteries.
  • the charging circuit 10 may further include: a controller 130 and a voltage sampling module 140, as shown in FIG.
  • the controller 130 is connected to the boost module 110 and the buck module 120 respectively.
  • the voltage sampling module 140 includes voltage sampling units that are equal to the number of rechargeable batteries. Each voltage sampling unit collects a corresponding rechargeable battery voltage and feeds back to the controller 130. The current voltage value is detected by the voltage sampling module 140 to identify the number of rechargeable batteries in the circuit that need to be charged.
  • the controller 130 and the buck module 120 remain Connected, disconnected from the boost module 110 to charge one rechargeable battery; when the rechargeable battery that needs to be charged is 2 knots or more, the maximum voltage of the rechargeable battery becomes 8.4V and above, and boost charging is required. Therefore, the connection between the controller 130 and the buck module 120 is disconnected, and the boosting module 110 is connected, so that the charging efficiency is improved, and the rechargeable battery is normally charged.
  • the switching circuit 30 can be a switching device with a corresponding switch connected in parallel with each end of the rechargeable battery. When the switch is closed, the rechargeable battery connected in parallel with the switch is short-circuited, and the charging circuit 10 does not charge the rechargeable battery; when the switch is turned off, the rechargeable battery connected in parallel with the switch is connected to the charging circuit 10, and the charging circuit 10 can Recharge the battery for charging.
  • the switching circuit 30 can also be an electromagnetic relay or other circuit or electronic component having similar functions.
  • the switching circuit 30 can also include a charge protection circuit.
  • the charging protection circuit provides a signal to the controller 130, so that the controller 130 turns off the charging mode, completes the charging process of the entire battery, and avoids battery damage due to overcharging of the battery.
  • FIG. 4 it is a working principle diagram of a power supply structure in an embodiment.
  • the power supply structure includes a charging circuit 10, a battery pack 20, a switching circuit 30, an anti-reverse circuit 40, and an electric drive 50.
  • the charging circuit 10 includes a charging interface 100, a boosting module 110, a buck module 120, a controller 130, and a voltage sampling module 140.
  • the boosting module 110 includes a first switch K1, a boost charging circuit, a protection circuit and a second switch K2 connected in series, wherein: one end of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are connected to the MCU, and the other end of the first switch K1 is One end of the boost charging circuit of the boosting module 110 is connected, and the other end of the second switch K2 is connected to one end of the protection circuit of the boosting module 110, and the other end of the boosting charging circuit of the boosting module 110 is connected to the protection circuit.
  • the buck module 120 includes a third switch K3, a buck charging circuit, a protection circuit, and a fourth switch K4, which are sequentially connected in series, wherein: the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 are connected to the MCU at one end, and the third The other end of the switch K3 is connected to one end of the step-down charging circuit of the buck module 120, and the other end of the fourth switch K4 is connected to the end of the protection circuit of the buck module 120. Connected, the other end of the buck charging circuit of the buck module 120 is connected to the other end of the protection circuit.
  • the current voltage value is detected by the voltage sampling module 140, thereby obtaining the number of rechargeable batteries of the battery pack 20 and determining whether the current charging circuit 10 is operated by the boosting module 110 or the bucking module 120 according to the detected number of rechargeable batteries of the battery pack 20. jobs.
  • the controller 130 includes a microcontroller MCU and a drive circuit. Each of the rechargeable batteries in the battery pack 20 has a voltage signal connected to the MCU of the single chip microcomputer.
  • the MCU of the single chip microcomputer controls the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 to be closed simultaneously.
  • the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are turned on, and the single-cell rechargeable battery is charged by the buck module 120; when the controller 130 determines that the number of rechargeable batteries is greater than one node, the single-chip MCU controls the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4.
  • the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are closed, the at least two rechargeable batteries are charged by the boosting module 110.
  • the MCU of the MCU will judge whether the battery is full by sampling the voltage signal of each rechargeable battery. When all the rechargeable batteries reach full power, the MCU will provide a signal to the drive circuit through the software, prompting the drive circuit to turn off the charging mode.
  • the switching circuit 30 includes a mechanical switch K5 and a mechanical switch K6 and a charging protection circuit connected in parallel across the rechargeable battery 1 and the rechargeable battery 2.
  • Mechanical switches K5, K6 are used to regulate the number of rechargeable batteries in the access circuit.
  • the mechanical switch K5 When the mechanical switch K5 is closed, the rechargeable battery 1 connected to the charging circuit 10 is short-circuited, that is, the charging battery 1 is not connected to the charging circuit 10.
  • the mechanical switch K6 is closed, the charging is connected to the charging circuit 10.
  • the battery 2 is short-circuited, that is, the rechargeable battery 2 is not in the access circuit.
  • the charging protection circuit can also determine whether the battery is full by hardware. When all the rechargeable batteries are fully charged, the charging protection circuit provides a signal to the driving circuit, so that the driving circuit turns off the charging mode and completes the entire battery. Charging process.
  • the boost charging circuit includes a voltage boosting chip 210, a logic switching transistor 220, and a dual input AND gate chip 230.
  • the first input of the voltage boosting chip 210 is connected to the charging interface 100, and the second input is connected to the logic switching transistor 220 and the dual input AND gate chip 230.
  • the voltage boosting chip 210 can be an integrated circuit chip INA199 series
  • the logic switching transistor 220 can be a low voltage MOS field effect transistor AO3401
  • the dual input AND gate chip 230 can be an integrated circuit chip 74HC1G08GW.
  • the INA199 series of integrated circuit chips can boost the voltage of the charging interface when the number of batteries is greater than or equal to two. Thereby ensuring that the battery can be charged normally and providing charging efficiency.
  • the step-down charging circuit includes a voltage conversion chip 310 and a logic switching tube 320.
  • the input end of the voltage conversion chip 310 is connected to the charging interface 100, and the output end is connected to the logic switching tube 320.
  • the voltage conversion chip 310 is mainly composed of an integrated circuit chip MP2602, and the integrated circuit chip MP2602 can be used as a linear, high-performance lithium ion battery charger chip.
  • the logic switch tube 320 is mainly composed of a low voltage MOS field effect transistor AO3401. Usually, the maximum voltage of a 18650 lithium battery is 4.2V, so a step-down circuit is needed to ensure the safety of charging. When only one battery is charged in the circuit, the integrated circuit chip MP2602 can reduce the charging voltage to reach the lithium battery. The required charging voltage ensures the safety of charging.
  • FIG. 7 it is a schematic diagram of a charging protection circuit in an embodiment.
  • the charging protection circuit is mainly provided by the integrated circuit chip BQ294700 to provide circuit protection. When all the batteries are full, the charging protection circuit will provide a signal to the driving circuit, so that the driving circuit turns off the charging mode, completes the charging process of the entire battery, and avoids battery damage caused by overcharging of the battery.
  • FIG. 8 it is a schematic diagram of an anti-reverse protection circuit in an embodiment.
  • the anti-reverse protection circuit is mainly composed of a P-channel MOSFET and a triode.
  • the P-channel MOSFET model can be AON6411.
  • the MOS transistor is connected between the power supply and the load through the S pin and the D pin.
  • the resistor R37 provides a voltage offset for the MOS transistor, and the switching characteristics of the MOS transistor are used to control the conduction of the circuit. Disconnect to prevent damage to the load caused by reverse power connection.

Abstract

一种电源结构以及一种包括该电源结构的电子烟，该电源结构包括串联的至少两个充电电池和与该充电电池连接、用于对该充电电池进行充电的充电电路（10），此外，还包括与该至少两个充电电池连接的切换电路（30），该切换电路（30）用于将该至少两个充电电池切换为不同数量的充电电池串联的电池串联电路；该充电电路（10）用于检测该电池串联电路的电压、并根据检测到的电压将标准充电电压转换为不同的充电电压，提供给该电池串联电路充电。上述电源结构，实现了同一电路可以满足对一节或多节串联电池进行充电的切换使用。通过检测电压来识别电池的数量，并根据对应的电池数量，提供对应的充电方案。

Description

电子烟及其电源结构 技术领域
本发明涉及电子烟技术领域，特别是涉及一种电子烟及其电源结构。
背景技术
充电电池作为一种可携带，使用方便的电源，受到了人们的广泛应用。通常，根据供电电压的不同，采用不同数量的充电电池进行串联使用，以达到适应不同供电电压的效果。然而，传统的方案中只有针对单一的一节或者两节和三节串联电池的充放电的电源结构设计方案，不能做到同一电路可以满足一节、两节和三节串联电池数量的切换使用。因此，当我们在充电时，增加或者减少电池数量，均需要同时更换适配的充放电的电源结构，导致电源结构适应性差，不利于人们的使用。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种可以使用不同数量充电电池充放电的电源结构。此外，还提供一种包含上述电源结构的电子烟。
一种电源结构，包括串联的至少两个充电电池和与所述充电电池连接、用于对所述充电电池进行充电的充电电路，此外，还包括与所述至少两个充电电池连接的切换电路，所述切换电路用于切换串联的所述充电电池的数量，以形成不同的电池串联电路；所述充电电路用于检测所述电池串联电路的电压，并根据检测到的电压将标准充电电压转换为不同的充电电压，提供给所述电池串联电路充电。
在其中一个实施例中，所述充电电路包括用于接入外部电源以获取标准充电电压的充电接口，所述充电接口通过升压模块和降压模块分别连接到所述电池串联电路。
在其中一个实施例中，所述充电电路还包括控制器和电压采样模块，所述控制器分别连接所述升压模块和降压模块；所述电压采样模块连接在所述控制 器与电池串并联电路之间，用于检测电池串并联电路的电压并发送给控制器；所述控制器用于根据检测到的电压控制升压模块或降压模块工作。
在其中一个实施例中，所述升压模块包括依次串联的第一开关、升压充电电路、升压充电保护电路以及第二开关。
在其中一个实施例中，所述升压充电电路包括：电压升压芯片、逻辑开关管以及双输入与门芯片，所述电压升压芯片的第一输入端与充电接口相连接，第二输入端与逻辑开关管以及双输入与门芯片相连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述降压模块包括依次串联的第三开关、降压充电电路、降压充电保护电路以及第四开关。
在其中一个实施例中，所述降压充电电路包括：电压转换芯片和逻辑开关管，所述电压转换芯片输入端与充电接口相连接，输出端与逻辑开关管相连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述供电接口为USB接口。
在其中一个实施例中，所述电压采样模块包括与电池数量对应的电压采样单元，每个电压采样单元采集电池电压并反馈给控制器。
一种电子烟，包括雾化器和上述的电源结构，所述电源结构与雾化器连接，为雾化器供电。
上述电源结构，实现了同一电路可以满足对一节或多节串联电池进行充电的切换使用。通过检测电压来识别电池的数量，并根据对应的电池数量，提供对应的充电方案。具体地，当电池为一节时，采用降压方案对电池进行充电；当电池为两节及以上时，采用升压方案对电池进行充电。解决了现有电源结构适应性单一，不利于人们使用的问题。
附图说明
图1为一个实施例中电源结构的工作模块图；
图2为另一个实施例中电源结构的工作模块图；
图3为再一个实施例中电源结构的工作模块图；
图4为又一个实施例中电源结构的工作原理图；
图5为一个实施例中升压充电电路原理图；
图6为一个实施例中降压充电电路原理图；
图7为一个实施例中充电保护电路原理图；
图8为一个实施例中防反保护电路原理图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示，为一实施例的电源结构的工作模块图。所述电源结构包括充电电路10、包括至少两个充电电池的电池组20以及切换电路30。
充电电路10和电池组20串联，用于对电池组20进行充电；切换电路30用于将所述至少两个充电电池切换为不同数量的充电电池串联的电池串联电路。
在其中一个实施例中，充电电路10包括：充电接口100、升压模块110、降压模块120，如图2所示。充电接口100通过升压模块110和降压模块120选择性的连接到电池组20，充电接口100用于接入外部电源以获取标准充电电压。在一个实施例中，升压模块110和降压模块120可以分别对应多节电池和一节电池的情况。具体地，假定标准充电电压为5V，单节充电电池的标准电压是4.2V，那么当电路中仅有一节充电电池(电池组20仅有一节充电电池)进行充电时，采用降压模块120与电池组20连接，从而对该电池进行充电；而当电路中有多节充电电池(电池组20包含多个充电电池)进行充电时，则采用升压模块110与电池组20连接，从而对多节电池进行充电。
进一步地，充电电路10还可以包括：控制器130和电压采样模块140，如图3所示。控制器130分别连接升压模块110和降压模块120，电压采样模块140包括与充电电池数量对等的电压采样单元，每个电压采样单元采集对应充电电池电压并反馈给控制器130。通过电压采样模块140检测当前电压值，从而识别电路中需要充电的充电电池数量。当需要充电的充电电池为1节时，因为充 电输出电压需要遵循国家标准，即5V的输出电压，而通常1节18650锂电池的最高电压是4.2V，所以就需要降压电路来保证充电的安全，所以控制器130与降压模块120保持连接，与升压模块110断开连接，实现对1节充电电池的充电；当需要充电的充电电池为2节及以上时，充电电池的最高电压变为8.4V及以上，需要进行升压充电，所以控制器130与降压模块120的连接断开，与升压模块110进行连接，使得充电效率提高，保证充电电池正常充电。
在其中一个实施例中，切换电路30可以为开关装置，每节充电电池两端并联一个对应的开关。当开关闭合时，与该开关并联的充电电池被短路，充电电路10不对该充电电池进行充电；当开关断开时，与该开关并联的充电电池与充电电路10连接，充电电路10可以对该充电电池进行充电。类似的，切换电路30还可以是电磁继电器或者其他具有类似功能的电路或者电子元件。
在其中一个实施例中，切换电路30还可以包括充电保护电路。当所有的电池充满的时候，所述充电保护电路会提供一个信号到控制器130，使得控制器130关断充电模式，完成整个电池的充电过程，避免因为电池过充而导致电池损坏。
如图4所示，为一实施例中电源结构工作原理图。本实施例中，仅以三节电池为例进行说明。所述电源结构包括充电电路10、电池组20、切换电路30、防反电路40、电驱动50。
充电电路10包括充电接口100、升压模块110、降压模块120、控制器130以及电压采样模块140。
升压模块110包括依次串联的第一开关K1、升压充电电路、保护电路以及第二开关K2，其中：第一开关K1与第二开关K2的一端连接MCU，第一开关K1的另一端与升压模块110的升压充电电路的一端连接，而第二开关K2的另一端则与升压模块110的保护电路一端相连接，升压模块110的升压充电电路的另一端则与保护电路的另一端相连接；降压模块120包括依次串联的第三开关K3、降压充电电路、保护电路以及第四开关K4，其中：第三开关K3与第四开关K4的一端连接MCU，第三开关K3的另一端与降压模块120的降压充电电路的一端连接，而第四开关K4的另一端则与降压模块120的保护电路一端相 连接，降压模块120的降压充电电路的另一端则与保护电路的另一端相连接。通过电压采样模块140检测当前电压值，从而获得电池组20的充电电池数量并根据检测出来的电池组20的充电电池数量，决定当前充电电路10是升压模块110进行工作还是降压模块120进行工作。
控制器130包括单片机MCU以及驱动电路。电池组20中的每节充电电池都有一个电压信号连接到单片机MCU上，当控制器130判断只有一节充电电池的时候，单片机MCU会控制第三开关K3和第四开关K4闭合，同时断开第一开关K1和第二开关K2，通过降压模块120对单节充电电池进行充电；当控制器130判断充电电池数量大于1节时，单片机MCU会控制第三开关K3和第四开关K4断开，同时闭合第一开关K1和第二开关K2，通过升压模块110给至少两节充电电池进行充电。充电过程中单片机MCU会通过采样每节充电电池的电压信号来判断电量是否充满。当所有的充电电池达到满电的时候，单片机MCU会通过软件提供一个信号到驱动电路，提示驱动电路关断充电模式。
切换电路30包括并联在充电电池1和充电电池2两端的机械开关K5和机械开关K6以及充电保护电路。机械开关K5、K6用于调节接入电路中充电电池的数量。当机械开关K5闭合时，与充电电路10连接的充电电池1被短路，即相当于充电电池1没有接入充电电路10中，同理，当机械开关K6闭合时，与充电电路10连接的充电电池2被短路，即相当于充电电池2没有接入电路中。进一步地，充电保护电路还可以通过硬件去判断电池是否充满，当所有的充电电池电量均充满的时候，充电保护电路会提供一个信号到驱动电路，使得驱动电路关断充电模式，完成整个电池的充电过程。
如图5所示，为一实施例中升压充电电路原理图。所述升压充电电路包括电压升压芯片210、逻辑开关管220以及双输入与门芯片230。电压升压芯片210的第一输入端与充电接口100相连接，第二输入端与逻辑开关管220以及双输入与门芯片230相连接。电压升压芯片210可以是集成电路芯片INA199系列，逻辑开关管220可以是低压MOS场效应管AO3401，双输入与门芯片230可以是集成电路芯片74HC1G08GW。集成电路芯片INA199系列作为电压输出电流分流监视器，能够实现在电池数量大于等于两节时，对充电接口电压进行升压， 从而保证电池能够正常充电，提供充电效率。
如图6所示，为一实施例中降压充电电路原理图。所述降压充电电路包括电压转换芯片310和逻辑开关管320。电压转换芯片310输入端与充电接口100相连接，输出端与逻辑开关管320相连接。电压转换芯片310主要由集成电路芯片MP2602构成，集成电路芯片MP2602可以作为线性、高性能锂离子电池充电器芯片。逻辑开关管320主要由低压MOS场效应管AO3401构成。通常1节18650锂电池的最高电压是4.2V，所以就需要降压电路来保证充电的安全，在电路中只有一节电池充电时，集成电路芯片MP2602能够将充电电压进行降低，达到锂电池所需的充电电压，保证充电的安全。
如图7所示，为一实施例中充电保护电路原理图。所述充电保护电路主要由集成电路芯片BQ294700来提供电路保护。当所有的电池充满的时候充电保护电路会提供一个信号到驱动电路，使得驱动电路关断充电模式，完成整个电池的充电过程，避免因为电池过充而导致电池损坏。
如图8所示，为一实施例中防反保护电路原理图。所述防反保护电路主要由一个P沟道MOSFET和一个三极管构成。P沟道MOSFET型号可以是AON6411，MOS管通过S管脚和D管脚串接于电源和负载之间，电阻R37为MOS管提供电压偏置，利用MOS管的开关特性控制电路的导通和断开，从而防止电源反接给负载带来损坏。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电源结构，包括串联的至少两个充电电池和与所述充电电池连接、用于对所述充电电池进行充电的充电电路，其特征在于，还包括与所述至少两个充电电池连接的切换电路，所述切换电路用于切换串联的所述充电电池的数量，以形成不同的电池串联电路；
    所述充电电路用于检测所述电池串联电路的电压，并根据检测到的电压将标准充电电压转换为不同的充电电压，提供给所述电池串联电路充电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述充电电路包括用于接入外部电源以获取标准充电电压的充电接口，所述充电接口通过升压模块和降压模块分别连接到所述电池串联电路。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述充电电路还包括控制器和电压采样模块，所述控制器分别连接所述升压模块和降压模块；所述电压采样模块连接在所述控制器与电池串联电路之间，用于检测电池串联电路的电压并发送给控制器；所述控制器用于根据检测到的电压控制升压模块或降压模块工作。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述升压模块包括依次串联的第一开关、升压充电电路、升压充电保护电路以及第二开关。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述升压充电电路包括：电压升压芯片、逻辑开关管以及双输入与门芯片，所述电压升压芯片的第一输入端与充电接口相连接，第二输入端与逻辑开关管以及双输入与门芯片相连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述降压模块包括依次串联的第三开关、降压充电电路、降压充电保护电路以及第四开关。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述降压充电电路包括：电压转换芯片和逻辑开关管，所述电压转换芯片输入端与充电接口相连接，输出端与逻辑开关管相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述供电接口为USB接口。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的电源结构，其特征在于，所述电压采样模块包括与电池数量对应的电压采样单元，每个电压采样单元采集电池电压并反馈给控 制器。
  10. 一种电子烟，包括雾化器和权利要求1～9任一项所述的电源结构，所述电源结构与雾化器连接，为雾化器供电。
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US20190245371A1 (en) 2019-08-08
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