WO2019095467A1 - 一种用于山地的自走式施肥机 - Google Patents

一种用于山地的自走式施肥机 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019095467A1
WO2019095467A1 PCT/CN2017/115100 CN2017115100W WO2019095467A1 WO 2019095467 A1 WO2019095467 A1 WO 2019095467A1 CN 2017115100 W CN2017115100 W CN 2017115100W WO 2019095467 A1 WO2019095467 A1 WO 2019095467A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
frame
support
gas
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/115100
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张瑞宏
王其传
蔡广林
祁红英
Original Assignee
张瑞宏
王其传
蔡广林
祁红英
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 张瑞宏, 王其传, 蔡广林, 祁红英 filed Critical 张瑞宏
Publication of WO2019095467A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019095467A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/02—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil
    • A01C23/023—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil for liquid or gas fertilisers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fertilizer applicator, and more particularly to a machine for fertilizing crops such as fruit trees on a mountain.
  • the Chinese invention patent whose patent name is a deep loose soil fertilizing machine is announced, the application number is 02272845.7, the application date is 2002.08.27, and the authorization announcement date is 2003.
  • the authorization announcement number is CN 2569541 Y.
  • the structure is specifically including a main engine capable of generating shock vibration.
  • the lower part of the main unit is connected with a loose soil rod that can be inserted into the soil to loosen the soil.
  • the main unit is also connected with a loose soil rod.
  • a storage tank for storing chemical fertilizers or pesticides the bottom of the storage tank is connected to the inner cavity of the loose soil rod through a pipeline, and the main body is a pneumatic vibration machine.
  • the pneumatic vibration machine When the fertilizer application machine is working, the pneumatic vibration machine is opened, and the pneumatic vibration machine is used for loosening the soil.
  • the force of the downward impact of the rod can be deepened to a predetermined depth without manual pressing.
  • the liquid fertilizer, solid fertilizer or powdered fertilizer in the storage tank enters the loose soil rod from the storage tank, and the main machine is an impact machine. Suitable for soils with a certain degree of hardness or knot, but this structure is only loosened by impact machinery.
  • the soil around the lower end of the loose soil rod is still tight and the soil is impervious.
  • the fertilizer machine needs to be moved to the need Before the fertilized trees, the device can't move forward by itself, and it needs manpower to carry it to the next fertilization area.
  • the loose soil rod can't extend outward automatically, and it needs to rely on other devices or a lot of manpower to complete at the same time; in short, After the fertilizer is applied to one of the trees, the fertilizer spreader moves to the other side of the tree again, and the operation is troublesome.
  • the fertilizer application machine cannot walk, and the fertilization work cannot be smoothly performed. Work inefficient.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the technical problem of low working efficiency and difficult to spread fertilizer in the prior art, and to provide a self-propelled fertilizer applicator for mountain, the position of the fertilizing mechanism in the invention is adjustable, and the working efficiency is high. It can improve the permeability of the soil, preserve the water storage, and the liquid is easily applied to the roots of the plants, which is beneficial to the growth of the roots of the plants.
  • a self-propelled fertilizer applicator for a mountain comprising a support arm having a receiving groove, a power mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism, the power mechanism comprising a motor, one end of the support arm being connected a motor is disposed in a corresponding receiving slot at the other end of the support arm, and a front gear box is disposed directly in front of the end of the support arm,
  • the front gear box is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the output shaft of the motor is connected with a driving gear 1
  • the driving gear is connected with two driven gears 1 and the center of the two driven gears
  • the center of the driving gear 1 is on the same straight line
  • the fertilizing mechanism comprises a support frame and an intermediate connecting plate, wherein the supporting frame is connected with a driven gear, and the fixed end of the lifting drive is fixed and slidable on the supporting frame Connected to the hollow excitation rod, the lower side of the intermediate connection plate is provided with a hollow gas-liquid junction block, and the gas-liquid
  • the support frame is mounted on a driven gear 1 on the right side of the driving gear, and when the support frame is installed, the bottom of the support frame is parallel to the horizontal ground, and the earth-moving device has always been Lower and perpendicular to the horizontal ground, the fertilizer spreader walks on the mountain, moves to the area to be fertilized, the fertilizer spreader stops, and the fertilization work begins;
  • the lifting drive moves, the lifting rod moves downwards linearly, and the lifting rod drives
  • the upper connecting plate is linearly moved downward, the vibrator acts, the vibrator continuously gives the intermediate connecting plate a downward downward impact force, and the upper connecting plate drives the vibrator and the excitation rod to move downward, and the exciting rod continuously vibrates into
  • the soil device is easily drilled into the soil
  • the vibrator and the lifting drive are turned off, the vibrator no longer vibrates, and the lifting rod no longer falls
  • the gas-liquid combined flow block Compressed air is introduced into the air, and compressed air with a certain impact force is driven into the soil from the exhaust liquid supply hole along the inner cavity of the excitation rod, so that the originally compact soil around the earth-moving device is loosened.
  • the hole is applied to the loosened soil, and the effective area of the fertilizer in contact with the soil is large, which is beneficial to the growth of the root of the plant; after the fertilization is finished, the vibrator stops moving, and the excitation rod is inserted in the soil, that is, the support frame is fixed, a driven
  • the gear can never rotate, the motor operates, and the output shaft of the control motor rotates clockwise.
  • the motor drives the rotation of the driving gear, and the driving gear drives the rotation of the other driven gear.
  • the driven gear connected to the support frame cannot. Rotating, at this time, the driving gear rotates around the center of a driven gear 1.
  • the driving gear drives the stretching mechanism and the frame as a whole to move forward.
  • the lifting drive acts in reverse, the lifting rod rises, the lifting rod drives the excitation rod to move upward, and the earth moving device just leaves Horizontal ground, if you do not need to continue fertilizing, control straight
  • the protruding end of the line driver is continuously retracted, otherwise the fertilizing mechanism is moved to another place for fertilization; in the present invention, when the earthing device of the fertilizing mechanism is inserted into the soil, the power mechanism moves, so that the whole fertilizer machine automatically moves forward, saving energy.
  • Improve work efficiency complete the deep loose soil while loosening the tight soil around the earthenware, improve the permeability of the soil, and at the same time increase the effective area of contact between the liquid and the soil, and the liquid is easily applied to the soil. It is beneficial to the growth of plant roots; it can be applied to the fertilization of crops such as gardens and fruit trees in mountains.
  • the motor is a double-output shaft motor, and the two output shafts of the motor rotate at the same speed and are concentric.
  • the fertilizing mechanism is provided with two, one fertilizing mechanism and one driven gear.
  • Drive connection two fertilization mechanisms are respectively disposed at the front and rear ends of the support arm; a rear gear box is disposed directly behind the other end of the support arm, and the rear gear box is connected with another output shaft of the motor, and the other output shaft
  • the driving connection has a driving gear 2, and the driving gear 2 is connected with two driven gears 2, the center of the two driven gears 2 and the center of the driving gear 2 are on the same straight line, and the other fertilizing mechanism
  • the support frame is connected to a driven gear two.
  • the driven gear is connected to the driven gear 2 via the driven shaft, and the support frame of one of the fertilizing mechanisms is connected to the driven shaft.
  • a driven gear is connected to a driven gear 2 via a driven shaft 2, and a support frame of the other fertilizing mechanism is connected to the driven shaft 2; the driving gear 2 and the driven gear 2 are both disposed.
  • the rear gearbox in this design, when two fertilizing mechanisms are installed, the earthing device of the fertilizing mechanism on the front side of the supporting arm is perpendicular to the ground, and the corresponding fertilizing mechanism is entirely at the right end of the driving gear, after the supporting arm The soiling device of the side fertilizing mechanism is perpendicular to the ground upward, and the corresponding fertilizing mechanism is entirely at the left end of the driving gear 1.
  • the vibrator When the depth of the soiling device of one fertilizing mechanism drilled into the soil reaches the requirement of the fertilizer application depth, the vibrator is closed.
  • the moving shaft cannot rotate, one driven gear and the other driven gear 2 cannot rotate under the action of the driven shaft.
  • the driving gear 1 and the driving gear 2 are respectively driven around one driven gear and the other. The center of the gear two rotates, and the driving gear two drives the stretching mechanism and the whole frame to move forward.
  • one fertilizing mechanism is at the left end of the driving gear, the corresponding earthing device is still in the soil, and the other fertilizing mechanism is at the right end of the driving gear one, and the corresponding earthing device is perpendicular to the ground. Down, thus achieving automatic walking of the fertilizer spreader, saving energy and reducing labor.
  • the utility model further comprises a support base, and a horizontal support plate is arranged directly below the support frame, and the excitation rod is slidably connected with the horizontal support plate.
  • the support base is fixedly connected with the support base; the lower side of the support base is provided with two excitation tubes, and the excitation tube is detachably connected with the earth-moving device 2, and the two excitation tubes are in the length direction with respect to the support base Center pair
  • the lowermost part of the earth-moving device 2 is tapered; when the fertilizing mechanism is fertilizing, the earth-moving device 2 is above the earth-moving device, and the depth of the earth-boring device into the soil is a prescribed fertilization depth.
  • the earth-moving device 2 is completely inserted into the soil, and the bottom side of the supporting seat just touches the ground; in this design, when the depth of the earth-boring device into the soil is the required depth of fertilization, the earth-moving device is no longer drilled down.
  • the earthenware 2 is completely drilled into the soil, the support seat is in contact with the ground, and the support seat and the earth-moving device 2 are arranged such that the excitation rod is not easily bent and loosened.
  • the excitation rod is always vertical. The ground is inserted in the soil.
  • the traveling mechanism further includes a running mechanism including a frame, two handles, a transmission case and a rotatable grip wheel, and the frame is fixedly supported by the hand a beam, the handle is connected on both sides of the hand beam, the handle is symmetrically arranged about the center of the hand beam; the transmission box is connected with the ground wheel, and the ground wheel is symmetrically arranged about the center of the hand beam
  • the support arm of the extension mechanism is disposed at the top of the front part of the frame, the fixed end of the linear drive is hinged at the front side of the frame, and the power mechanism and the fertilizer application mechanism are disposed directly in front of the frame; in this design, the fertilization staff hands Holding the handle handle, the gearbox rotates when the gearbox moves, and the traveling mechanism automatically moves forward.
  • one side of the support arm is fixed to the top of the front part of the frame, and the motor is disposed in a corresponding receiving groove on the other side of the support arm, and the bottom sides of the front and rear gear boxes are At a position 1-20mm above the horizontal ground.
  • one side of the support arm is hinged to the top of the foremost side of the frame, the front side of the frame is hinged with a fixed end of a linear drive, and the extended end of the linear drive and the support arm Hinging; in this design, when the linear actuator is operated, the supporting arm drives the up and down swing of the power mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism, and the position of the fertilizing mechanism in the height direction is controllable.
  • the rear part of the rack is installed with a liquid storage tank and a gas storage tank in sequence from the front to the rear, and a liquid pump is installed on the frame in front of the liquid storage tank, and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to a liquid suction port of the liquid pump, the liquid outlet of the liquid pump is connected to one end of the liquid discharge pipe, the other end of the liquid discharge pipe is connected to one end of the electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the electromagnetic valve is connected to one end of the three-way pipe;
  • the other ends of the three-way pipe are respectively connected with one end of the electromagnetic valve 2 and the electromagnetic valve, the other end of the electromagnetic valve 2 is connected to one end of the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank,
  • the other end of the solenoid valve 3 is connected to the liquid connection passage; the air outlet of the air tank is connected to the intake end of the check valve, the air outlet end of the check valve is connected to the fourth end of the
  • the controllability enables quantitative fertilization; the electric sputum is electrified, the electric shovel generates a continuous downward excitation force; the one-way valve is always open, the electromagnetic valve is energized, and the compressed air is introduced into the inner cavity of the excitation rod, the solenoid valve Four power loss, no compressed air is introduced into the inner cavity of the excitation rod.
  • the controller further includes a controller that controls the solenoid valve 1, the solenoid valve 2, the solenoid valve 3, the solenoid valve 4, and the electric power to be powered off, and the controller also controls the switch of the motor;
  • a hydraulic workstation is also mounted on the frame, and the controller controls the amount of oil entering and exiting the lift drive and the linear drive through the hydraulic workstation.
  • the frame is further equipped with an engine and an air compressor, the engine is connected to the transmission case through a belt, the air compressor is disposed under the engine, and the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to The air inlet of the gas tank.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention when the front gearbox is hidden.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the present invention in which the rear gearbox is hidden.
  • Figure 6 is a view taken along the line A-A of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view B of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view D of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view C of the present invention.
  • Figure 110 is a block diagram showing the connection of the control structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the piping connection structure in the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a front view 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a front view three of the present invention.
  • 1 fertilization mechanism 101 earthmoving device 2, 102 earthmoving device 1, 103 support column, 104 support frame, 105 excitation rod, 106 gas-liquid junction block, 107 vibrator, 108 upper connection plate, 109 intermediate connection plate, 110 Lifting rod, 111 lifting drive, 112 lower connecting plate, 113 support seat, 114 gas-liquid circulation channel, 115 exhaust liquid supply hole, 116 gas connection channel, 117 liquid connection channel, 118 excitation tube, 119 horizontal support plate, 2 Rack, 3 air compressor, 4 travel mechanism, 401 hand beam, 402 grab wheel, 403 hand handle, 404 gear box, 5 gas storage tank, 6 liquid storage tank, 7 engine, 8 Liquid pump, 9 support arm, 901 receiving slot, 10 power mechanism, 1001 front gearbox, 1002 rear gearbox, 1003 motor, 1004 output shaft, 1005 driven shaft 2, 1006 drive gear one, 1007 driven shaft one, 1008 Driven gear one, 1009 driven gear two, 1010 drive gear two, 11 solenoid valve four, 12 check valve, 13
  • a self-propelled fertilizer applicator for a mountain as shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 includes a support arm 9 having a receiving groove 901, a power mechanism 10, and a fertilizing mechanism 1.
  • the power mechanism 10 includes a motor 1003, one end of the support arm 9. Connected to the frame 2, the motor 1003 is disposed in the corresponding receiving slot 901 at the other end of the support arm 9, and the front gear box 1001 is disposed directly in front of the end of the support arm 9, and the front gear box 1001 is connected to the output shaft 1004 of the motor 1003.
  • the output shaft 1004 of the motor 1003 is connected with a driving gear 1006, and the driving gear 1006 is connected with two driven gears 1008.
  • the fertilizing mechanism 1 includes a support frame 104 and an intermediate connecting plate 109.
  • the support frame 104 is drivingly connected with a driven gear 1008.
  • the support frame 104 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the lifting drive 111 and slidably connected to be hollow.
  • the excitation rod 105 is provided with a hollow gas-liquid junction block 106 on the lower side of the intermediate connection plate 109, and the gas-liquid junction block 106 is provided with a gas connection passage 116 and a liquid connection passage 117 which communicate with the inner cavity of the gas-liquid junction block 106.
  • the gas-liquid junction block 106 is detachably connected to the bottom of the excitation rod 105, and the earth-moving passage 114 having the gas-liquid circulation passage 114 is detachably connected.
  • the gas-liquid circulation passage 114 communicates with the inner chamber of the excitation rod 105, and the gas-liquid circulation
  • the earthing device 102 corresponding to the channel 114 is provided with at least one exhaust liquid supply hole 115 connected to the atmosphere, and the lowermost portion of the earth-moving device 102 is tapered; the intermediate connecting plate 109 is disposed above the fixed end of the lifting drive 111, and the lifting drive
  • the lifting rod 110 is disposed on the 111, and the lifting rod 110 is slidable along the intermediate connecting plate 109 in the vertical direction.
  • the upper side of the intermediate connecting plate 109 is fixed with the vibrator 107, and the upper side of the vibrator 107 is fixedly connected with the upper connection.
  • the upper side of the lifting rod 110 is fixed to the upper connecting plate 108; the driving gear 1006 and the driven gear 1008 are disposed in the front gear box 1001.
  • the motor 1003 is a double-output shaft motor, and the two output shafts 1004 of the motor 1003 rotate at the same speed and are concentric, and the fertilizing mechanism 1 is provided with two, one fertilizing mechanism 1 and one driven gear.
  • a 1008 transmission connection, two fertilization mechanisms 1 are respectively disposed at the front and rear ends of the support arm 9; a rear gear box 1002 is disposed directly behind the other end of the support arm 9, and the rear gear box 1002 is connected to the other output shaft 1004 of the motor 1003.
  • the other output shaft 1004 is connected with a driving gear 21010, the driving gear 21010 is connected with two driven gears 2100, the center of the two driven gears 2100 and the center of the driving gear 21010 are in the same line.
  • another fertilizing mechanism 1 The support frame 104 is connected to a driven gear two 1009.
  • One driven gear 1008 is connected to the other driven gear 2100 through the driven shaft 1007, and the support frame 104 and the driven shaft of the fertilizing mechanism 1 are 1007.
  • the other driven gear 1008 is connected to a driven gear 2100 through the driven shaft 2100, the support frame 104 of the other fertilizing mechanism 1 is connected with the driven shaft 2100; the driving gear 21010 and the driven Gears two 1009 are all disposed within the rear gearbox 1002.
  • the support base 113 is further provided, and a horizontal support plate 119 is disposed directly below the support frame 104, and the excitation rod 105 and the horizontal support plate 119 are slidably
  • the connecting rod 105 is slidable in the vertical direction of the horizontal supporting plate 119, and two supporting columns 103 are fixedly connected to the horizontal supporting plate 119.
  • the bottom of the supporting column 103 is fixedly connected with the supporting base 113, and two supporting columns 103 are connected.
  • the excitation rod 105 vertically passes through the support base 113 and is fixedly coupled to the support base 113; the lower side of the support base 113
  • Two excitation tubes 118 are disposed, and the earthing device 201 is detachably connected to the excitation tube 118.
  • the two excitation tubes 118 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the center of the support base 113 in the longitudinal direction and are located at the same position of the excitation rod 105.
  • the lowermost part of the earth-moving device 201 is tapered; when the fertilizer-feeding mechanism 1 is fertilizing, the earth-moving device 2101 is above the earth-moving device 102, and the depth of the earth-moving device 102 into the soil is the prescribed fertilization depth, the earth-moving device The second 101 is completely inserted into the soil, and the bottom side of the support base 113 is just right. Touch on the ground.
  • the traveling mechanism 4 further includes two walking handles 403, a walking beam 401, a transmission box 404 and a rotatable grip wheel 402, and the handle 403 is connected.
  • the handle 403 On both sides of the hand beam 401, the handle 403 is symmetrically disposed about the center of the hand beam 401; the gearbox 404 is drivingly coupled to the ground wheel 402, and the ground wheel 402 is symmetrically disposed about the center of the hand beam 401, the frame 2 is fixed on the hand beam 401; the frame 2 in front of the air tank 5 is mounted with an engine 7 and an air compressor 3, and the engine 7 is drivingly connected to the transmission case 404 through a belt 19, and the air compressor 3 is disposed under the engine 7.
  • the air outlet of the air compressor 3 is connected to the air inlet of the air tank 5.
  • the support arm 9 is hinged at the top of the foremost portion of the frame 2, and the front side of the frame 2 is hinged with the fixed end of the linear actuator 21, and the extended end of the linear actuator 21 is hinged to the support arm 9.
  • the liquid storage tank 6 and the gas storage tank 5 are installed in the rear part of the rack 2 from the front to the rear, and the liquid pump 8 is installed on the frame 2 in front of the liquid storage tank 6, and the liquid discharge tank 6 is discharged.
  • the mouth is connected to the liquid suction port of the liquid pump 8, the liquid outlet of the liquid pump 8 is connected to one end of the liquid discharge pipe 13, the other end of the liquid discharge pipe 13 is connected to one end of the electromagnetic valve 14, and the other end of the electromagnetic valve 14 is connected to One end of the three-way pipe 15; the other ends of the three-way pipe 15 are respectively connected with one end of the electromagnetic valve two 18 and the electromagnetic valve three 17, the other end of the electromagnetic valve two 18 is connected to one end of the liquid inlet pipe 16, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 16 is connected to the storage
  • the liquid inlet of the liquid tank 6, the other end of the solenoid valve 3 17 is connected to the liquid connection passage 117; the air outlet of the air tank 5 is connected to the intake end of the check valve 12, and the air outlet end of the check valve 12 is connected to the solenoid valve 4 11 end, the other end of the solenoid valve 4 11 is connected to the gas connection passage 116;
  • the descending driver 111 and the linear actuator 21 are both single-acting hydraulic
  • the controller further comprises a controller for controlling the solenoid valve 14 , the solenoid valve 2 18 , the solenoid valve 3 17 , the solenoid valve 4 11 and the electric power to be powered off, and the controller also controls the motor 1003 .
  • the switch 2 is also equipped with a hydraulic workstation 20, and the controller controls the amount of oil entering and leaving the lift driver 111 and the linear actuator 21 through the hydraulic workstation 20.
  • the driven shaft 1007 and the driven shaft 2100 corresponding to the outward side of the support base 113 are connected with liquid gas.
  • the electric combination slip ring 22, the other end of the electromagnetic valve three 17 is connected to the liquid connecting passage 117 via the liquid-gas electric combined slip ring 22, and the other end of the electromagnetic valve four 11 is connected to the gas connecting passage 116 via the liquid-gas electric combined slip ring 22, the hydraulic working station
  • the hydraulic circuit of the 20 output is connected to the hydraulic cylinder via the liquid-gas electric combination slip ring 22; the controller is electrically connected to the electric power through the liquid-gas electric combination slip ring 22.
  • the support frame 104 is mounted on the driven gear 1008 on the right side of the driving gear 1006.
  • the lower connecting plate 112 is parallel to Horizontally, the earthmoving device 102 is downward and perpendicular to the horizontal ground; in the other fertilizing mechanism 1 on the rear side of the support arm 9, the support frame 104 is mounted to the driven gear 2100 on the left side of the driving gear 21010, and is mounted.
  • the traveling mechanism 4 automatically moves forward, when moving to the area to be fertilized, the engine 7 is turned off, the fertilizer application machine is stopped, and the fertilization work is started;
  • the stretching mechanism operates, specifically, the extended end of the linear actuator 21 Extending outwardly, the extended end of the linear actuator 21 drives the support arm 9 to continuously oscillate downward, and the support arm 9 drives the fertilizing mechanism 1 to swing downward as a whole, when the shovel 102 on the front side of the support arm 9 approaches the ground (into The bottom of the device 102 is at a position of 0-20 mm above the ground.
  • the controller controls the linear actuator 21 to stop, and the fertilizer application mechanism 1 does not move downward; the controller controls the lifting and lowering drive 111 to move the lifting rod 110 downward.
  • the lifting rod 110 drives the upper connecting plate 108 to move downwards linearly, the controller controls the vibrator 107 to be electrically opened, the vibrator 107 operates, and the vibrator 107 continuously gives the intermediate connecting plate 109 a downward downward impact force, and the upper connecting plate 108
  • the vibrator 107 and the excitation rod 105 are driven to move downward, the excitation rod 105 continuously vibrates and drives the support base 113 to move downward, and the earth-moving device 102 is easily drilled into the soil, and when the earth-moving device 102 penetrates into the mountain soil, When the depth reaches the requirement, the vibrator 107 and the lifting drive 111 are turned off, the vibrator 107 no longer vibrates, and the lifting rod 110 is no longer lowered.
  • the controller controls the solenoid valve 4 to be energized, the gas storage tank 5 passes the compressed air into the gas-liquid junction block 106, and the compressed air with a certain impact force follows the excitation rod.
  • 105 inner cavity is driven into the soil from the exhaust liquid supply hole 115, so that the originally compact soil around the earth-removing device 102 is loosened, the soil permeability is increased, and the fertilizer is applied to the soil, and the effective area of the fertilizer and the soil is increased.
  • the controller controls the solenoid valve 14 and the solenoid valve 2 to be de-energized, the solenoid valve 3 17 is energized, and the liquid pump 8 draws the liquid fertilizer into the gas-liquid junction block 106, and the liquid flows along the inner cavity of the excitation rod 105.
  • the fertilizer is applied to the soil that has been loosened from the exhaust liquid supply hole 115, and the effective area of the fertilizer and the soil is large, which is beneficial to the growth of the root of the plant; when the fertilizer machine needs to be automatically moved to the next fertilization area, a fertilizing mechanism 1
  • the excitation rod 105 on the front side of the support arm 9 is inserted into the soil, that is, the support frame 104 is fixed, and the driven shaft 1007 and the right driven gear 1008 are always unable to rotate.
  • the driven gear 2100 on the moving shaft 1007 is also fixed.
  • the controller controls the motor 1003 to rotate the output shaft 1004 clockwise, the motor 1003 drives the driving gear 1006, and the driving gear 1006 drives the left side.
  • Gear 1008 rotation A driven gear 1008 connected to the support frame 104 cannot be rotated.
  • the driving gear 1006 rotates around the center of a driven gear 1008, and the driving gear 1006 drives the stretching mechanism, the frame 2 and the traveling mechanism 4
  • the control motor 1003 stops, and the left driven gear 1008 rotates around the right driven gear 1008.
  • the center turns clockwise by 180 degrees.
  • the driven gear 1008 on the left side is rotated to the right side of the driving gear 1006.
  • the driven gear 10010 on the right side of the driving gear 1006 is in the driving gear one.
  • the left side of 1006, that is, the fertilizing mechanism 1 on the front side of the support arm 9 is on the left side of the driving gear 1006, and the fertilizing mechanism 1 on the rear side of the supporting arm 9 is located on the right side of the driving gear 21010 and the corresponding earther 102 Downward and perpendicular to the ground, the fertilizing mechanism 1 on the front side of the support arm 9 is fertilized, the controller controls the lifting drive 111 to reversely move through the hydraulic workstation 20, the lifting rod 110 moves upward, and the lifting rod 110 drives the upper connecting plate 108 to Movement, the upper connecting plate 108 drives the intermediate connecting plate 109 to move upward, and the intermediate connecting plate 109 drives the excitation rod 105 to move upwards, so that the earth-moving device 102 leaves the ground; meanwhile, the fertilizing mechanism 1 on the rear side of the supporting arm 9 starts fertilizing work and fertilizing The process will not be described here; according to the above work process, the automatic
  • the power mechanism 10 When the soiling device 102 of the preceding fertilizer application mechanism 1 is inserted into the soil, the power mechanism 10 is operated, and the worker can easily advance the fertilizer machine automatically by pushing the force slightly, without opening the engine 7, saving energy. Move forward while fertilizing, improve work efficiency; complete the deep loose soil while loosening the tight soil around the earthenware 102, improve the permeability of the soil, and at the same time increase the effective area of contact between the liquid and the soil, the liquid It is easy to apply to the soil and is beneficial to the growth of plant roots. It can be applied to the fertilization of crops such as gardens and fruit trees in mountains. .
  • a self-propelled fertilizer applicator for a mountain as shown in FIG. 13 is different from Embodiment 1 in that two support columns 103 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the horizontal support plate 119 in the longitudinal direction and are arranged in a Two sides of the vibrating rod 105, two excitation tubes 118 is symmetrically disposed about the center of the support base 113 in the longitudinal direction and is provided on both sides of the excitation rod 105.
  • a self-propelled fertilizer applicator for a mountain as shown in FIG. 14 is different from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 in that one side of the support arm 9 is fixed to the top of the front part of the frame 2, and the motor 1003 Provided in the corresponding receiving groove 901 on the other side of the support arm 9, the bottom sides of the front gear case 1001 and the rear gear case 1002 are both at positions 1-20 mm above the horizontal ground.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the above-mentioned lift driver 111 may also be a cylinder, an electric push rod, a screw stepper motor or an electric cylinder, etc., and the number of support blocks is not limited to the one set in the embodiment. Or one, two, four or more, according to the actual garden tree layout, each support block is connected with a robot; on the basis of the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the field A person skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features in accordance with the disclosed technical contents without any inventive effort, and such substitutions and modifications are within the scope of the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，包括支撑臂（9）、动力机构（10）和施肥机构（1），动力机构（10）包括设置在支撑臂（9）最前端的电机（1003），支撑臂（9）正前方设有前齿轮箱（1001），电机（1003）的输出轴（1004）传动连接主动齿轮一（1006），主动齿轮一（1006）传动连接2个从动齿轮一（1008），2个从动齿轮一（1008）和主动齿轮一（1006）的中心在同一条直线上；施肥机构（1）包括支撑架（104），支撑架（104）与一个从动齿轮一（1008）传动连接，支撑架（104）可滑动地连接呈中空的激振杆（105），支撑架（104）上方设有中间连接板（109），中间连接板（109）下侧设有呈中空的气液合流块（106），激振杆（105）与气液合流块（106）连接，激振杆（105）底部连接入土器一（102），入土器一（102）连通激振杆（105）内腔且开有连通大气的排气施液孔（115）；该自走式施肥机可自动行走，施肥效率高。

Description

一种用于山地的自走式施肥机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种施肥机，特别涉及一种用于山地上给果树等作物施肥的机械。
背景技术
在园林行业及果树等农作物中，为使林木茁壮成长，需经常进行松土和施肥。传统技术中，劳作人员使用人工压入式的深层松土施肥机，可实现深层松土，但只能适用于软土，压入深度浅，效率低下，施肥量无法定量化，机具笨重不易操作，工人的劳作强度大。
为了解决传统的人工处理方法存在的问题，现有技术中，公告了专利名称为深层松土施肥机的中国发明专利，其申请号为02272845.7，申请日为2002.08.27，授权公告日为2003年9月3日，授权公告号为CN 2569541 Y，其结构具体的为，包括一个能产生冲击振动的主机，主机下部连接有一个可插入土中松土施肥的松土杆，主机上还连接有一个储存化肥或农药的储料罐，储料罐底部通过管道与松土杆内空腔连通，主机为气压式振动机，施肥机工作时，将气压式振动机打开，气压式振动机给松土杆不断向下冲击的力，无需人工压入即可深入到预定的深度，储料罐中的液态肥、固态肥或粉状肥料从储料罐进入松土杆，主机为冲击式机械，可适用于一定硬度或板结程度的土壤，但是这种结构仅仅通过冲击式机械进行松土，松土杆的下端部周围的土壤仍然很紧密，土壤不透气，此时，直接将肥料沿着松土杆的出料口施入土壤中时，肥料很难均匀地施入植物根系周围，不利于植物根系的生长；另外，需要将施肥机移动至需要施肥的树木前，该装置无法自行向前行走，需要人力将其搬运至下一个施肥区域，同时，松土杆无法自动向外延伸，都需要依靠借助其它装置或者大量人力才能同时完成；总而言之，给该树木的一处施完肥后，施肥机再次移动至该树木的另一处前，操作麻烦，当待施肥树木的周边可行走区域很小时，施肥机无法行走，施肥工作无法顺利进行，工作效率低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，解决了现有技术中工作效率低且肥料难匀施的技术问题，提供一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，本发明中的施肥机构位置可调，工作效率高，可提高土壤透气性，保墒蓄水，药液易匀施入植物根系，有利于植物根系生长。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，包括具有容纳槽的支撑臂、动力机构和施肥机构，所述动力机构包括电机，所述支撑臂的一端连接在机架上，所述电机设置在支撑臂另一端对应的容纳槽内，所述支撑臂端部的正前方设有前齿轮箱，所述 前齿轮箱与电机的输出轴连接，所述电机的输出轴上传动连接有主动齿轮一，所述主动齿轮一上传动连接有2个从动齿轮一，所述2个从动齿轮一的中心和主动齿轮一的中心在同一条直线上，所述施肥机构包括支撑架和中间连接板，所述支撑架与一个从动齿轮一传动连接，支撑架上固连升降驱动器的固定端且可滑动地连接有呈中空的激振杆，所述中间连接板下侧设有呈中空的气液合流块，所述气液合流块上设有连通气液合流块内腔的气体连接通道和液体连接通道，所述激振杆的顶部与气液合流块可拆卸地连接，所述激振杆的底部可拆卸地连接有具有气液流通通道的入土器一，所述气液流通通道连通激振杆内腔，气液流通通道对应的入土器一上开有至少一个连通大气的排气施液孔，入土器一的最下部呈锥状；所述中间连接板设置在升降驱动器的固定端上方，所述升降驱动器上设有升降杆，升降杆可沿着中间连接板在竖直方向上滑动，中间连接板的上侧固连有振动器，所述振动器的上侧固连有上连接板，升降杆上侧与上连接板固连；所述主动齿轮一和从动齿轮一均设置在前齿轮箱内。
本发明工作前，支撑臂前侧的施肥机构中，将支撑架安装到主动齿轮一右侧的一个从动齿轮一上，安装支撑架时，使支撑架的底部平行于水平地面，入土器一向下且垂直于水平地面，施肥机在山地上行走，移动至待施肥区时，施肥机停下，施肥工作开始；本发明工作时，升降驱动器动作，升降杆向下作直线运动，升降杆带动上连接板向下作直线运动，振动器动作，振动器不断给中间连接板不断向下的冲击力，上连接板带动振动器和激振杆向下运动，激振杆不停地振动，入土器一轻松钻入土壤，当入土器一钻入山地土壤内的深度达到要求时，关闭振动器和升降驱动器，振动器不再产生振动，升降杆不再下降，此时，往气液合流块内通入压缩空气，有一定冲击力的压缩空气顺着激振杆内腔从排气施液孔打入土壤，使入土器一周围原本紧实的土壤松开，增加土壤透气性，方便肥料施入土壤的同时，增大肥料与土壤接触的有效面积；随后，往气液合流块内通入液态肥，药液顺着激振杆内腔从排气施液孔施入已经松过的土壤中，肥料与土壤接触的有效面积大，有利于植物根系的生长；施肥结束，振动器停止动作，激振杆插在土壤内，即支撑架固定，一个从动齿轮一始终无法转动，电机动作，控制电机的输出轴顺时针转动，电机带动主动齿轮一的转动，主动齿轮一带动另一个从动齿轮一的转动，与支撑架连接的一个从动齿轮一无法转动，此时，主动齿轮一绕着一个从动齿轮一的中心转动，主动齿轮一带动伸展机构和机架整体向前移动，当主动齿轮一绕着一个从动齿轮一的中心顺时针转动180度时，控制电机停止动作，另一个从动齿轮一绕着一个从动齿轮一的中心顺时针翻过180度，此时，支撑臂前侧的施肥机构在主动齿轮一的左侧，另一个从动齿轮一在主动齿轮一的右侧；此时，升降驱动器反向动作，升降杆上升，升降杆带动激振杆向上移动，入土器一刚离开水平地面，若不需要继续施肥，则控制直 线驱动器的伸出端不断缩回，否则将施肥机构移动至另一个地方进行施肥；本发明中施肥机构的入土器一插入土壤内时，动力机构动作，使施肥机整体自动前移，节约能源，提高工作效率；完成深层松土的同时使入土器一周围紧实的土壤松散开，提高土壤的透气性，同时，增大药液与土壤接触的有效面积，药液轻松地施入土壤中，有利于植物根系的生长；可应用于给山地的园林、果树等作物的施肥工作中。
为了实现施肥时本发明的自动向前行走，所述电机为双出轴电机，电机的2个输出轴转速相同且同心，所述施肥机构设有2个，一个施肥机构与一个从动齿轮一传动连接，2个施肥机构分别设置在支撑臂的前后两端；所述支撑臂另一端的正后方设有后齿轮箱，所述后齿轮箱与电机的另一个输出轴连接，另一个输出轴上传动连接有主动齿轮二，所述主动齿轮二上传动连接有2个从动齿轮二，所述2个从动齿轮二的中心和主动齿轮二的中心在同一条直线上，另一个施肥机构的支撑架与一个从动齿轮二传动连接，所述一个从动齿轮一经过从动轴一与另一个从动齿轮二连接，一个施肥机构的支撑架与从动轴一传动连接，所述另一个从动齿轮一经过从动轴二与一个从动齿轮二连接，另一个施肥机构的支撑架与从动轴二传动连接；所述主动齿轮二和从动齿轮二均设置在后齿轮箱内；此设计中，安装2个施肥机构时，在支撑臂前侧的施肥机构的入土器一垂直于地面向下，且对应的施肥机构整体在主动齿轮一的右端，支撑臂后侧的施肥机构的入土器一垂直于地面朝上，且对应的施肥机构整体在主动齿轮一的左端，当一个施肥机构的入土器一钻入土壤内的深度达到施肥深度要求时，振动器关闭，升降驱动器停止动作，电机打开，电机的2个输出轴同时转动，2个输出轴带动主动齿轮一和主动齿轮二的转动，一个施肥机构的支撑架在激振杆的作用下无法转动，从动轴一无法转动，一个从动齿轮一和另一个从动齿轮二在从动轴一的作用下无法转动，主动齿轮一和主动齿轮二分别同时绕着一个从动齿轮一、另一个从动齿轮二的中心转动，主动齿轮二带动伸展机构和机架整体向前移动，当主动齿轮一和主动齿轮二转过180度时，电机关闭，此时，在左右方向上，一个施肥机构在主动齿轮一的左端，对应的入土器一依然在土壤内，另一个施肥机构在主动齿轮一的右端，对应的入土器一垂直于地面朝下，从而实现施肥机的自动行走，节约能源，降低劳动力。
为了提高本发明中主动齿轮一转动时激振杆钻入土壤的稳定性，还包括支撑座，所述支撑架的正下方设有水平支撑板，激振杆与水平支撑板可滑动地连接，水平支撑板上固连有2个支撑柱，所述支撑柱的底部与支撑座固连，2个支撑柱关于水平支撑板在长度方向上的中心对称设置，所述激振杆竖直穿过支撑座并与支撑座固连；支撑座的下侧设有2个激振管，所述激振管上可拆卸地连接有入土器二，2个激振管关于支撑座在长度方向上的中心对 称设置，所述入土器二的最下部呈锥状；所述施肥机构施肥时，所述入土器二在入土器一的上方，所述入土器一钻入土壤中的深度为规定的施肥深度时，入土器二完全插入土壤中，支撑座底侧刚好抵触在地面上；此设计中，入土器一钻入土壤中的深度为要求的施肥深度时，入土器一不再向下钻，入土器二完全钻入土壤，支撑座抵触在地面上，支撑座及入土器二的设置使得激振杆不容易发生弯曲和松动，主动齿轮一绕着从动齿轮一转动时，激振杆始终垂直地插在土壤内。
为了实现不施肥时本发明的自动行走，还包括行走机构，所述行走机构包括机架、两个手扶柄、传动箱和可转动的抓地轮，所述机架上固连有手扶梁，所述手扶柄连接在手扶梁的两侧，手扶柄关于手扶梁的中心对称设置；所述传动箱与抓地轮传动连接，抓地轮关于手扶梁的中心对称设置，伸展机构的支撑臂设置在机架最前部的顶部，直线驱动器的固定端铰接在机架的最前侧，动力机构和施肥机构均设置在机架的正前方；此设计中，施肥工作人员手握着手扶柄，传动箱动作时带动抓地轮的转动，行走机构自动向前行走。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述支撑臂一侧固连在机架最前部的顶部，电机设置在支撑臂另一侧对应的容纳槽内，所述前齿轮箱和后齿轮箱的底侧均在水平地面上方1-20mm位置处。
为了进一步提高本发明的伸展性，所述支撑臂一侧铰接在机架最前侧的顶部，所述机架的前侧铰接有直线驱动器的固定端，所述直线驱动器的伸出端与支撑臂铰接；此设计中，直线驱动器动作时，支撑臂带动动力机构和施肥机构的上下摆动，施肥机构在高度方向的位置可控。
为了实现施肥工作，所述机架的后部从前往后依次安装有储液罐和储气罐，储液罐前方的机架上安装有液泵，所述储液罐的出液口连接至液泵的吸液口，液泵的出液口连接至出液管一端，出液管的另一端连接电磁阀一的一端，所述电磁阀一的另一端连接至三通管一端；所述三通管的另外两端分别连接电磁阀二和电磁阀三一端，电磁阀二另一端连接进液管一端，所述进液管的另一端连接至储液罐的进液口，所述电磁阀三另一端连接至液体连接通道；所述储气罐的出气口连接单向阀的进气端，单向阀的出气端连接至电磁阀四一端，所述电磁阀四另一端连接至气体连接通道；所述升降驱动器和直线驱动器均为单作用液压缸，所述振动器为电镐，所述电磁阀一、电磁阀二、电磁阀三、电磁阀四和电镐的得断电均可控；不施液时，电磁阀一和电磁阀二得电常开；此设计中，不施肥时，电磁阀一和电磁阀二常开，液泵不断将储液罐中的药液抽出至出液管内，出液管内的水进入回流管，回流管中的药液回流至储液罐内，以不断搅拌储液罐内的药液，保证药液浓度的均匀性；需要施药时，电磁阀 二关闭，电磁阀三得电打开，储液罐中的药液依次经过出液管、通液管进入激振杆内腔，通过控制电磁阀三得电的时间控制施液量，提高施液的可控性，实现定量施肥；电镐得电，电镐产生不断向下的激振力；单向阀始终打开，电磁阀四得电，激振杆内腔内通入压缩空气，电磁阀四失电，激振杆内腔内无压缩空气通入。
为了提高施肥工作的可控性，还包括控制器，所述控制器控制电磁阀一、电磁阀二、电磁阀三、电磁阀四和电镐的得断电，控制器还控制电机的开关；所述机架上还安装有液压工作站，控制器通过液压工作站控制升降驱动器和直线驱动器的进出油量。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述机架上还安装有发动机和空气压缩机，所述发动机通过皮带与传动箱传动连接，所述空气压缩机设置在发动机下方，空气压缩机的出气口连接至储气罐的进气口。
附图说明
图1为本发明的主视图一。
图2为本发明的立体结构图一。
图3为本发明的立体结构图二。
图4为本发明中隐藏掉前齿轮箱时的立体结构图一。
图5为本发明中隐藏掉后齿轮箱时的立体结构图二。
图6为本发明的A-A向视图。
图7为本发明中的局部放大图B。
图8为本发明中的局部放大图D。
图9为本发明的立体结构图三。
图10为本发明中的局部放大图C。
图110为本发明的控制结构连接框图。
图12为本发明中的管路连接结构示意图。
图13为本发明的主视图二。
图14为本发明的主视图三。
其中，1施肥机构，101入土器二，102入土器一，103支撑柱，104支撑架，105激振杆，106气液合流块，107振动器，108上连接板，109中间连接板，110升降杆，111升降驱动器，112下连接板，113支撑座，114气液流通通道，115排气施液孔，116气体连接通道，117液体连接通道，118激振管，119水平支撑板，2机架，3空气压缩机，4行走机构，401手扶梁，402抓地轮，403手扶柄，404传动箱，5储气罐，6储液罐，7发动机，8 液泵，9支撑臂，901容纳槽，10动力机构，1001前齿轮箱，1002后齿轮箱，1003电机，1004输出轴，1005从动轴二，1006主动齿轮一，1007从动轴一，1008从动齿轮一，1009从动齿轮二，1010主动齿轮二，11电磁阀四，12单向阀，13出液管，14电磁阀一，15三通管，16进液管，17电磁阀三，18电磁阀二，19皮带，20液压工作站，21直线驱动器，22液气电组合滑环。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例1
如图1～12所示的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，包括具有容纳槽901的支撑臂9、动力机构10和施肥机构1，动力机构10包括电机1003，支撑臂9的一端连接在机架2上，电机1003设置在支撑臂9另一端对应的容纳槽901内，支撑臂9端部的正前方设有前齿轮箱1001，前齿轮箱1001与电机1003的输出轴1004连接，电机1003的输出轴1004上传动连接有主动齿轮一1006，主动齿轮一1006上传动连接有2个从动齿轮一1008，2个从动齿轮一1008的中心和主动齿轮一1006的中心在同一条直线上，施肥机构1包括支撑架104和中间连接板109，支撑架104与一个从动齿轮一1008传动连接，支撑架104上固连升降驱动器111的固定端且可滑动地连接有呈中空的激振杆105，中间连接板109下侧设有呈中空的气液合流块106，气液合流块106上设有连通气液合流块106内腔的气体连接通道116和液体连接通道117，激振杆105的顶部与气液合流块106可拆卸地连接，激振杆105的底部可拆卸地连接有具有气液流通通道114的入土器一102，气液流通通道114连通激振杆105内腔，气液流通通道114对应的入土器一102上开有至少一个连通大气的排气施液孔115，入土器一102的最下部呈锥状；中间连接板109设置在升降驱动器111的固定端上方，升降驱动器111上设有升降杆110，升降杆110可沿着中间连接板109在竖直方向上滑动，中间连接板109的上侧固连有振动器107，振动器107的上侧固连有上连接板108，升降杆110上侧与上连接板108固连；主动齿轮一1006和从动齿轮一1008均设置在前齿轮箱1001内。
为了实现施肥时本发明的自动向前行走，电机1003为双出轴电机，电机1003的2个输出轴1004转速相同且同心，施肥机构1设有2个，一个施肥机构1与一个从动齿轮一1008传动连接，2个施肥机构1分别设置在支撑臂9的前后两端；支撑臂9另一端的正后方设有后齿轮箱1002，后齿轮箱1002与电机1003的另一个输出轴1004连接，另一个输出轴1004上传动连接有主动齿轮二1010，主动齿轮二1010上传动连接有2个从动齿轮二1009，2个从动齿轮二1009的中心和主动齿轮二1010的中心在同一条直线上，另一个施肥机构1 的支撑架104与一个从动齿轮二1009传动连接，一个从动齿轮一1008经过从动轴一1007与另一个从动齿轮二1009连接，一个施肥机构1的支撑架104与从动轴一1007传动连接，另一个从动齿轮一1008经过从动轴二1005与一个从动齿轮二1009连接，另一个施肥机构1的支撑架104与从动轴二1005传动连接；主动齿轮二1010和从动齿轮二1009均设置在后齿轮箱1002内。
为了提高主动齿轮一1006转动时激振杆105钻入土壤的稳定性，还包括支撑座113，支撑架104的正下方设有水平支撑板119，激振杆105与水平支撑板119可滑动地连接，激振杆105可沿着水平支撑板119竖直方向上滑动，水平支撑板119上固连有2个支撑柱103，支撑柱103的底部与支撑座113固连，2个支撑柱103关于水平支撑板119在长度方向上的中心对称设置且均设置在激振杆105的同一侧，激振杆105竖直穿过支撑座113并与支撑座113固连；支撑座113的下侧设有2个激振管118，激振管118上可拆卸地连接有入土器二101，2个激振管118关于支撑座113在长度方向上的中心对称设置且位于激振杆105的同一侧，入土器二101的最下部呈锥状；施肥机构1施肥时，入土器二101在入土器一102的上方，入土器一102钻入土壤中的深度为规定的施肥深度时，入土器二101完全插入土壤中，支撑座113底侧刚好抵触在地面上。
为了实现不施肥时本发明的自动行走，还包括行走机构4，行走机构4包括两个手扶柄403、手扶梁401、传动箱404和可转动的抓地轮402，手扶柄403连接在手扶梁401的两侧，手扶柄403关于手扶梁401的中心对称设置；传动箱404与抓地轮402传动连接，抓地轮402关于手扶梁401的中心对称设置，机架2固定在手扶梁401上；储气罐5前方的机架2上安装有发动机7和空气压缩机3，发动机7通过皮带19与传动箱404传动连接，空气压缩机3设置在发动机7下方，空气压缩机3的出气口连接至储气罐5的进气口。
另外，支撑臂9一侧铰接在机架2最前部的顶部，机架2的前侧铰接有直线驱动器21的固定端，直线驱动器21的伸出端与支撑臂9铰接。
为了实现施肥工作，机架2的后部从前往后依次安装有储液罐6和储气罐5，储液罐6前方的机架2上安装有液泵8，储液罐6的出液口连接至液泵8的吸液口，液泵8的出液口连接至出液管13一端，出液管13的另一端连接电磁阀一14的一端，电磁阀一14的另一端连接至三通管15一端；三通管15的另外两端分别连接电磁阀二18和电磁阀三17一端，电磁阀二18另一端连接进液管16一端，进液管16的另一端连接至储液罐6的进液口，电磁阀三17另一端连接至液体连接通道117；储气罐5的出气口连接单向阀12的进气端，单向阀12的出气端连接至电磁阀四11一端，电磁阀四11另一端连接至气体连接通道116；升 降驱动器111和直线驱动器21均为单作用液压缸，振动器107为电镐，电磁阀一14、电磁阀二18、电磁阀三17、电磁阀四11和电镐的得断电均可控；不施液时，电磁阀一14和电磁阀二18得电常开。
为了提高施肥工作的可控性，还包括控制器，控制器控制电磁阀一14、电磁阀二18、电磁阀三17、电磁阀四11和电镐的得断电，控制器还控制电机1003的开关；机架2上还安装有液压工作站20，控制器通过液压工作站20控制升降驱动器111和直线驱动器21的进出油量。
需要说明的是，为了更好地实现施肥机构1的供电、供气和供液，支撑座113朝外的一侧对应的从动轴一1007和从动轴二1005上均传动连接有液气电组合滑环22，电磁阀三17另一端经液气电组合滑环22连接至液体连接通道117，电磁阀四11另一端经液气电组合滑环22连接至气体连接通道116，液压工作站20输出的液压管路经液气电组合滑环22连接至液压缸；控制器经过液气电组合滑环22与电镐电连接。
本发明工作前，支撑臂9前侧的一个施肥机构1中，将支撑架104安装到主动齿轮一1006右侧的从动齿轮一1008上，安装支撑架104时，使下连接板112平行于水平地面，入土器一102向下且垂直于水平地面；支撑臂9后侧的另一个施肥机构1中，将支撑架104安装到主动齿轮二1010左侧的从动齿轮二1009上，安装此支撑架104时，使下连接板112平行于水平地面，入土器一102朝上且垂直于水平地面；发动机7工作，传动箱404工作带动抓地轮402的转动，工作人员手握着手扶柄403，行走机构4自动向前行走，移动至待施肥区时，关闭发动机7，施肥机停下，施肥工作开始；本发明工作时，伸展机构动作，具体的为，直线驱动器21的伸出端不断向外伸出，直线驱动器21的伸出端带动支撑臂9不断向下摆动，支撑臂9带动施肥机构1整体向下摆动，当支撑臂9前侧的入土器一102接近地面时(入土器一102的底部在地面上方0-20mm的位置)，控制器控制直线驱动器21停止动作，施肥机构1不再向下运动；控制器控制升降驱动器111动作，使升降杆110向下作直线运动，升降杆110带动上连接板108向下作直线运动，控制器控制振动器107得电打开，振动器107动作，振动器107不断给中间连接板109不断向下的冲击力，上连接板108带动振动器107和激振杆105向下运动，激振杆105不停地振动并带动支撑座113向下运动，入土器一102轻松钻入土壤，当入土器一102钻入山地土壤内的深度达到要求时，关闭振动器107和升降驱动器111，振动器107不再产生振动，升降杆110不再下降，此时，支撑臂9前侧的入土器二101钻入土壤中，支撑座113刚好抵触在地面上，此时，控制器控制电磁阀四11得电，储气罐5往气液合流块106内通入压缩空气，有一定冲击力的压缩空气顺着激振杆 105内腔从排气施液孔115打入土壤，使入土器一102周围原本紧实的土壤松开，增加土壤透气性，方便肥料施入土壤的同时，增大肥料与土壤接触的有效面积；随后，控制器控制电磁阀一14和电磁阀二18断电，电磁阀三17得电，液泵8将液态肥抽至气液合流块106内，药液顺着激振杆105内腔从排气施液孔115施入已经松过的土壤中，肥料与土壤接触的有效面积大，有利于植物根系的生长；当需要将施肥机自动移动至下一个施肥区域时，一个施肥机构1在施肥过程中或施肥结束后，支撑臂9前侧的激振杆105一直插在土壤内，即支撑架104固定，从动轴一1007和右侧的从动齿轮一1008始终无法转动，从动轴一1007上的从动齿轮二1009也固定不动，控制器控制电机1003动作使其输出轴1004顺时针转动，电机1003带动主动齿轮一1006的转动，主动齿轮一1006带动左侧从动齿轮一1008的转动，与支撑架104连接的一个从动齿轮一1008无法转动，此时，主动齿轮一1006绕着一个从动齿轮一1008的中心转动，主动齿轮一1006带动伸展机构、机架2和行走机构4整体向前移动，当主动齿轮一1006绕着右侧从动齿轮一1008的中心顺时针转动180度时，控制电机1003停止动作，左侧从动齿轮一1008绕着右侧从动齿轮一1008的中心顺时针翻过180度，此时，原本在左侧的从动齿轮一1008转动到主动齿轮一1006的右侧，原本在主动齿轮一1006右侧的从动齿轮一1008在主动齿轮一1006的左侧，即此时支撑臂9前侧的施肥机构1在主动齿轮一1006的左侧，支撑臂9后侧的施肥机构1位于主动齿轮二1010的右侧且对应的入土器一102朝下并垂直于地面，支撑臂9前侧的施肥机构1施肥结束，控制器通过液压工作站20控制升降驱动器111反向动作，升降杆110向上作直线运动，升降杆110带动上连接板108向上运动，上连接板108带动中间连接板109向上运动，中间连接板109带动激振杆105向上运动，使入土器一102离开地面；同时，支撑臂9后侧的施肥机构1开始施肥工作，施肥过程在此不再赘述；按照以上工作过程，继续向前自动行走并完成施肥，施肥行走过程中不需要借助发动机7，节约能源，提高工作效率；本发明中支撑臂9的设置可自动向外延伸，处于前面的一个施肥机构1的入土器一102插入土壤内时，动力机构10动作，工作人员稍微用力推动就可轻松使施肥机整体自动前移，不需要打开发动机7，节约能源，可边施肥边前移，提高工作效率；完成深层松土的同时使入土器一102周围紧实的土壤松散开，提高土壤的透气性，同时，增大药液与土壤接触的有效面积，药液轻松地施入土壤中，有利于植物根系的生长；可应用于给山地的园林、果树等作物的施肥工作中。
实施例2
如图13所示的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，与实施例1的不同之处在于，2个支撑柱103关于水平支撑板119在长度方向上的中心对称设置且设置在激振杆105的两侧，2个激振管 118关于支撑座113在长度方向上的中心对称设置且设在激振杆105的两侧。
实施例3
如图14所示的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，与实施例1和实施例2的不同之处在于，支撑臂9一侧固连在机架2最前部的顶部，电机1003设置在支撑臂9另一侧对应的容纳槽901内，所述前齿轮箱1001和后齿轮箱1002的底侧均在水平地面上方1-20mm位置处。
本发明并不局限于上述实施例，以上所说的升降驱动器111还可为气缸、电动推杆、丝杆步进电机或电动缸等，支撑块的个数不局限于实施例中设置的3个，还可为1个、2个、4个或更多个，根据实际园林的树木布局来设置，每个支撑块上均连接有机械手；在本发明公开的技术方案的基础上，本领域的技术人员根据所公开的技术内容，不需要创造性的劳动就可以对其中的一些技术特征作出一些替换和变形，这些替换和变形均在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：包括具有容纳槽的支撑臂、动力机构和施肥机构，所述动力机构包括电机，所述支撑臂的一端连接在机架上，所述电机设置在支撑臂另一端对应的容纳槽内，所述支撑臂端部的正前方设有前齿轮箱，所述前齿轮箱与电机的输出轴连接，所述电机的输出轴上传动连接有主动齿轮一，所述主动齿轮一上传动连接有2个从动齿轮一，所述2个从动齿轮一的中心和主动齿轮一的中心在同一条直线上，所述施肥机构包括支撑架和中间连接板，所述支撑架与一个从动齿轮一传动连接，支撑架上固连升降驱动器的固定端且可滑动地连接有呈中空的激振杆，所述中间连接板下侧设有呈中空的气液合流块，所述气液合流块上设有连通气液合流块内腔的气体连接通道和液体连接通道，所述激振杆的顶部与气液合流块可拆卸地连接，所述激振杆的底部可拆卸地连接有具有气液流通通道的入土器一，所述气液流通通道连通激振杆内腔，气液流通通道对应的入土器一上开有至少一个连通大气的排气施液孔，入土器一的最下部呈锥状；所述中间连接板设置在升降驱动器的固定端上方，所述升降驱动器上设有升降杆，升降杆可沿着中间连接板在竖直方向上滑动，中间连接板的上侧固连有振动器，所述振动器的上侧固连有上连接板，升降杆上侧与上连接板固连；所述主动齿轮一和从动齿轮一均设置在前齿轮箱内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：所述电机为双出轴电机，电机的2个输出轴转速相同且同心，所述施肥机构设有2个，一个施肥机构与一个从动齿轮一传动连接，2个施肥机构分别设置在支撑臂的前后两端；所述支撑臂另一端的正后方设有后齿轮箱，所述后齿轮箱与电机的另一个输出轴连接，另一个输出轴上传动连接有主动齿轮二，所述主动齿轮二上传动连接有2个从动齿轮二，所述2个从动齿轮二的中心和主动齿轮二的中心在同一条直线上，另一个施肥机构的支撑架与一个从动齿轮二传动连接，所述一个从动齿轮一经过从动轴一与另一个从动齿轮二连接，一个施肥机构的支撑座与从动轴一传动连接，所述另一个从动齿轮一经过从动轴二与一个从动齿轮二连接，另一个施肥机构的支撑座与从动轴二传动连接；所述主动齿轮二和从动齿轮二均设置在后齿轮箱内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：还包括支撑座，所述支撑架的正下方设有水平支撑板，所述激振杆与水平支撑板可滑动地连接，水平支撑板上固连有2个支撑柱，所述支撑柱的底部与支撑座固连，2个支撑柱关于水平支撑板在长度方向上的中心对称设置，所述激振杆竖直穿过支撑座并与支撑座固连；支撑座的下侧设有2个激振管，所述激振管上可拆卸地连接有入土器二，2个激振管关于支撑座在长度方向上的中心对称设置，所述入土器二的最下部呈锥状；所述施肥机构施肥时，所述入土器二在入土器一的上方，所述入土器一钻入土壤中的深度为规定的施肥深度时，入土器二完全插入土壤中， 支撑座底侧刚好抵触在地面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：还包括行走机构，所述行走机构包括机架、两个手扶柄、传动箱和可转动的抓地轮，所述机架上固连有手扶梁，所述手扶柄连接在手扶梁的两侧，手扶柄关于手扶梁的中心对称设置；所述传动箱与抓地轮传动连接，抓地轮关于手扶梁的中心对称设置，伸展机构的支撑臂设置在机架最前部的顶部，直线驱动器的固定端铰接在机架的最前侧，动力机构和施肥机构均设置在机架的正前方。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：所述支撑臂一侧固连在机架最前部的顶部，电机设置在支撑臂另一侧对应的容纳槽内，所述前齿轮箱和后齿轮箱的底侧均在水平地面上方1-20mm位置处。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：所述支撑臂一端铰接在机架最前侧的顶部，所述机架的前侧铰接直线驱动器的固定端，所述直线驱动器的伸出端与支撑臂铰接。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：所述机架的后部从前往后依次安装有储液罐和储气罐，储液罐前方的机架上安装有液泵，所述储液罐的出液口连接至液泵的吸液口，液泵的出液口连接至出液管一端，出液管的另一端连接电磁阀一的一端，所述电磁阀一的另一端连接至三通管一端；所述三通管的另外两端分别连接电磁阀二和电磁阀三一端，电磁阀二另一端连接进液管一端，所述进液管的另一端连接至储液罐的进液口，电磁阀三另一端连接至液体连接通道；所述储气罐的出气口连接单向阀的进气端，单向阀的出气端连接至电磁阀四一端，所述电磁阀四另一端连接至气体连接通道；所述升降驱动器和直线驱动器均为单作用液压缸，所述振动器为电镐，所述电磁阀一、电磁阀二、电磁阀三、电磁阀四和电镐的得断电均可控；不施液时，电磁阀一和电磁阀二得电常开。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种用于山地的自走式施肥机，其特征在于：还包括控制器，所述控制器控制电磁阀一、电磁阀二、电磁阀三、电磁阀四和电镐的得断电，控制器还控制电机的开关；所述机架上还安装有液压工作站，控制器通过液压工作站控制升降驱动器和直线驱动器的进出油量。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种自走式气动松土施肥机，其特征在于：所述机架上还安装有发动机和空气压缩机，所述发动机通过皮带与传动箱传动连接，所述空气压缩机设置在发动机下方，空气压缩机的出气口连接至储气罐的进气口。
PCT/CN2017/115100 2017-11-16 2017-12-07 一种用于山地的自走式施肥机 WO2019095467A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711134878.4 2017-11-16
CN201711134878.4A CN107873210A (zh) 2017-11-16 2017-11-16 一种用于山地的自走式施肥机

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019095467A1 true WO2019095467A1 (zh) 2019-05-23

Family

ID=61776836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2017/115100 WO2019095467A1 (zh) 2017-11-16 2017-12-07 一种用于山地的自走式施肥机

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107873210A (zh)
WO (1) WO2019095467A1 (zh)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000333520A (ja) * 1999-05-31 2000-12-05 Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd 施肥機
CN202172568U (zh) * 2011-07-27 2012-03-28 窦传峰 一种深层松土施肥机
CN204119794U (zh) * 2014-10-15 2015-01-28 东北农业大学 斜置式非规则齿轮行星轮系扎穴机构
CN106856694A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-20 南京沃杨机械科技有限公司 一种自动松土施肥机
CN106941796A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-07-14 扬州大学 一种自走式气动松土施肥机
CN107027359A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-11 扬州大学 一种气动深松土施肥机
CN107041177A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-15 扬州大学 一种气动松土施肥装置及方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6283049B1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2001-09-04 Exactrix Global Systems Method and apparatus for applying liquid nonaberrant NH3 in deep bands for agricultural crop using a process of direct high pressure injection
CN2569541Y (zh) * 2002-08-27 2003-09-03 深圳市耐卓园林科技工程有限公司 深层松土施肥机
US7152539B2 (en) * 2003-09-09 2006-12-26 Exactrix Llc Fertilizer injector wing for disc openers
CN204231920U (zh) * 2014-11-13 2015-04-01 上海建筑电动工具厂有限公司 移动式多功能深根施肥机
CN106993413A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2017-08-01 石河子大学 一种气动与自激振动深松施肥机

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000333520A (ja) * 1999-05-31 2000-12-05 Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd 施肥機
CN202172568U (zh) * 2011-07-27 2012-03-28 窦传峰 一种深层松土施肥机
CN204119794U (zh) * 2014-10-15 2015-01-28 东北农业大学 斜置式非规则齿轮行星轮系扎穴机构
CN106856694A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-20 南京沃杨机械科技有限公司 一种自动松土施肥机
CN106941796A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-07-14 扬州大学 一种自走式气动松土施肥机
CN107027359A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-11 扬州大学 一种气动深松土施肥机
CN107041177A (zh) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-15 扬州大学 一种气动松土施肥装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107873210A (zh) 2018-04-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111436347B (zh) 一种沙漠沙柳种植机
WO2019095465A1 (zh) 一种悬挂式施肥机
CN106941796B (zh) 一种自走式气动松土施肥机
CN107027360B (zh) 一种可移动式气动深松土施肥机
CN103718723A (zh) 一种果树施肥机
CN106856694A (zh) 一种自动松土施肥机
CN107027359B (zh) 一种气动深松土施肥机
CN107637227A (zh) 一种农作物种植用挖坑施肥一体机
CN106912212A (zh) 一种智能施肥装置及方法
CN107333473A (zh) 一种园林用可移动松土装置
WO2019095467A1 (zh) 一种用于山地的自走式施肥机
CN106879268A (zh) 一种气动松土施肥装置
WO2019095466A1 (zh) 一种自走式施肥机
CN214282136U (zh) 一种园林绿化养护用均匀施肥装置
CN214257122U (zh) 一种农艺种植用施肥工具
CN206790978U (zh) 葡萄深打孔分层施肥小车
CN208211090U (zh) 一种果园水肥一体化精准穴施机
CN207185127U (zh) 一种气动松土施肥装置
CN111903304A (zh) 一种可多维度喷洒的喷淋施肥设备
CN211721052U (zh) 一种园林用挖坑施肥装置
CN215912486U (zh) 水土保持与荒漠化防治用绿化种植设备
CN219087792U (zh) 一种园林苗木施肥装置
CN214206382U (zh) 一种施肥器
CN216362591U (zh) 一种水土保持与荒漠化防治用绿化种植设备
CN217183776U (zh) 一种用于农业改良土壤的农业设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17932153

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17932153

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17932153

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1