WO2019095438A1 - 一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置 - Google Patents

一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019095438A1
WO2019095438A1 PCT/CN2017/113783 CN2017113783W WO2019095438A1 WO 2019095438 A1 WO2019095438 A1 WO 2019095438A1 CN 2017113783 W CN2017113783 W CN 2017113783W WO 2019095438 A1 WO2019095438 A1 WO 2019095438A1
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incubator
medicinal
liquid
culture
unit
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PCT/CN2017/113783
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English (en)
French (fr)
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丁重阳
徐萌萌
王琼
栾斌
赵丽婷
刘高强
艾连中
顾正华
石贵阳
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江南大学
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Publication of WO2019095438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019095438A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/12—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with sterilisation, filtration or dialysis means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/24—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology tube or bottle type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/34—Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/36—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors
    • C12M1/38—Temperature-responsive control
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a device for liquid culture of edible and medicinal fungi, belonging to the technical field of biological fermentation.
  • the edible and medicinal fungi are delicious, rich in protein, vitamins, mineral elements and other biologically active ingredients. They have more medicinal value and better health care functions, and are well received by the masses.
  • mushrooms, white fungus, ganoderma lucidum, ash tree flowers and other medicinal fungi can effectively reduce blood lipids; Agaricus blazei can lower cholesterol, lower blood pressure; sputum, fungus, etc. can effectively prevent cerebral thrombosis; long-term consumption of Hericium erinaceus can effectively prevent each Stomach disease; Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris contain not only anti-cancer but also some bacteria and pathogenic fungi.
  • the present invention provides a device for liquid culture of edible medicinal fungi.
  • the apparatus for liquid culture of a medicinal fungus comprising an incubator, an incubator unit, a ventilation device, a temperature and humidity control device; the incubator is provided with one or more relatively independent incubator units;
  • the incubator unit is a three-dimensional container having a polygonal, circular or elliptical cross section, and is provided with a vent, a liquid inlet, and a liquid discharge port.
  • the incubator unit can be fixed by a partition built into the incubator.
  • the partition is provided with a portion for fixing the incubator.
  • the material of the incubator may be a whole stainless steel or a stainless steel frame with transparent glass.
  • the material of the separator may be stainless steel.
  • the height of the incubator unit is generally no more than 20 cm, such as 6 cm or 10 cm.
  • the ventilation device is used to exchange the incubator with outside air.
  • the ventilation device can be automatically controlled by a solenoid valve Turn it on or off.
  • the temperature and humidity control device includes a temperature sensor and a dehumidification thermostat. It is used to provide the temperature required for the growth of the medicinal fungi and to keep the incubator environment dry.
  • the incubator unit is a food grade sterile bag.
  • the incubator unit is detachable, including an incubator body and an upper cover; the upper cover has two through holes, and the bottom of the incubator has a liquid discharge port.
  • the upper cover is made of a transparent material, and the material of the incubator is made of food grade, heat resistant material such as PPSU (polyphenyl sulfone), PP (polypropylene) or stainless steel.
  • PPSU polyphenyl sulfone
  • PP polypropylene
  • a silicone gasket with good sealing properties such as a food grade polytetrafluoroethylene material or a food grade silicone mat, may be provided between the main body of the incubator and the upper cover.
  • the incubator unit is further provided with a cell trapping device for separating the mycelium from the culture medium without affecting the bacterial body to obtain nutrients from the culture medium, which may be food grade filtration.
  • a cell trapping device for separating the mycelium from the culture medium without affecting the bacterial body to obtain nutrients from the culture medium, which may be food grade filtration.
  • Membrane such as a food grade collagen casing.
  • the incubator unit may further be provided with a supporting device for supporting the cell trapping device, and the supporting device may be a net or at least two supporting strips that are crossed or not crossed.
  • the material of the support device may be made of stainless steel.
  • the incubator unit is cylindrical and detachable, and has a diameter of 50 to 500.
  • the mm is about 60 mm and the height is about 60 to 100 mm.
  • the device for cultivating a medicinal medicinal fungus further comprises an ultraviolet sterilizing device.
  • the ultraviolet disinfection device may be an ultraviolet lamp.
  • the apparatus for cultivating a medicinal medicinal fungus is further provided with a lighting device.
  • the illumination device can be an LED light.
  • the apparatus for cultivating a medicinal medicinal fungus further includes a rocking device capable of shaking the incubator unit within a certain range; the rocking device includes a power source and a transmission device.
  • the power source may be a motor and the transmission is a gear transmission.
  • the device for cultivating a medicinal medicinal fungus has a support foot at the bottom, and the support leg is curved.
  • the incubator performs a slight rocking motion.
  • the utility model also provides a culture container unit for cultivating edible and medicinal fungi, which is detachable, comprising an incubator body and an upper cover; the upper cover has two through holes, and the bottom of the incubator body has a row
  • the liquid port and the upper cover are made of a transparent material, and the material of the incubator is made of food grade, heat resistant material such as PPSU (polyphenyl sulfone), PP (polypropylene) or stainless steel.
  • PPSU polyphenyl sulfone
  • PP polypropylene
  • a silicone gasket with good sealing properties such as a food grade polytetrafluoroethylene material or a food grade silicone mat, may be provided between the main body of the incubator and the upper cover.
  • a cell trapping device is also provided in the incubator unit, and the cell trapping device may be a food grade filter, such as a food grade collagen casing.
  • the incubator unit may further be provided with a supporting device for supporting the cell trapping device.
  • the support means may be a mesh or at least two support bars that are crossed or not intersected.
  • the material of the support device may be made of stainless steel.
  • the device provided by the utility model is widely applicable to large-scale cultivation and laboratory scale cultivation of a dietetic fungus which has little oxygen demand but is sensitive to shear force, and satisfies the research or actual production demand.
  • the user can select the number of incubator units as needed. Because no matter what culture scale, each incubator unit always serves as a separate culture space, from small-scale cultivation to large-scale cultivation, there is no need to explore new conditions for scale-up culture.
  • the bacteria trapping device is arranged in the incubator unit, which does not affect the influence of the cells from the culture medium, and can realize rapid growth of the strain and ensure complete solid-liquid separation.
  • the obtained mycelium is relatively pure, and the growth speed is fast, and the mycelium also has a mushroom flavor, which can be directly eaten.
  • LED lighting device can realize dark culture and light culture, and can cultivate the strain to improve its biological activity and nutritional value.
  • Dehumidification thermostat and temperature sensor device can meet the temperature required for the growth of edible and medicinal fungi and accelerate their growth.
  • the liquid static culture device provided by the utility model can be reused many times, and the large-scale cultivation of edible and medicinal fungi can realize the demand of low-cost, high-nutrition value and high-activity edible and medicinal fungi products. It provides a basis for a wide range of applications in the fields of food, medicine, and cosmetics.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the incubator unit of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 incubator
  • 2 incubator unit
  • 3 LED lamp
  • 4 exhaust pipe
  • 5 solenoid valve
  • 6 temperature sensor
  • 7 dehumidification thermostat
  • 8 power interface
  • 9 inverter
  • 10 Swing controller
  • 11 Motor
  • 12 Inlet
  • 13 Vent
  • 14 Edible film
  • 15 Support
  • 16 Discharge
  • 17 Separator.
  • the apparatus for cultivating a medicinal medicinal fungus comprises a cuboid shaped incubator 1.
  • a plurality of partition plates 17 are provided inside the incubator 1, and the incubator unit 3 is placed on the partition plate 17, and an LED lamp is mounted under the partition plate 17.
  • the top of the incubator 1 is provided with an exhaust pipe 4 on which an electromagnetic valve 5 is mounted for realizing exchange of the incubator with outside air.
  • the outside of the bottom of the incubator 1 is provided with a power interface 8 and a motor 11, and the motor 11 is mounted with a frequency converter 9 and a rocking controller 10, which can be used to control the swing frequency and amplitude of the incubator 1, and the motor 11 passes through a coupling device (such as The shaft drive drives the gear transmission to swing left and right, and the limit gear on the large gear.
  • the swing frequency is set according to the strain, and the swing angle is controlled to not exceed 3 degrees.
  • a temperature sensor 6 and a dehumidification thermostat 7 are mounted on the side wall of the incubator 1 for controlling the temperature and humidity in the incubator 1 to make it suitable for growth of the culture.
  • the incubator unit 3 is of a detachable cylindrical shape, including an incubator body and an upper cover; the upper cover is provided with a liquid inlet 12 and a vent 13; the bottom of the incubator body has a liquid discharge port 16 and the upper cover is made of food Grade transparent material; a silicone gasket with good sealing property may be provided between the main body of the incubator and the upper cover plate for sealing; a bacteria trapping device-edible film 14 is arranged in the main body of the incubator, and the main body of the incubator is further provided A support device 15 supporting the edible film 14, the support device 15 being a thin stainless steel mesh having an aperture of 2-3 cm. The protruding liquid discharge port 16 at the bottom of the incubator unit 3 is caught in the hole of the partition plate 17.
  • the liquid discharge port 16 may be externally connected with a rubber tube or the like for discharging and collecting the culture liquid.
  • the edible film 14 can also be replaced with a food-grade collagen casing, allowing the cells to adhere and grow to form a micro-slice without separating the cells from the food-grade collagen casing.
  • the prepared liquid medium is first added to the main body of the incubator, the upper cover plate is covered, and the incubator unit is sterilized, and after sterilizing, the liquid surface of the culture medium exceeds the bacterial body.
  • the height of the intercepting device is 0.1-0.5 cm. If the incubator is equipped with a UV lamp, the UV lamp is also turned on and the inside of the incubator is killed for a while. Then, under aseptic conditions, the seeds of the medicinal fungi to be cultured are introduced from the liquid inlet on the upper cover and fall into the upper surface of the bacterial retention device.
  • the medicinal fungi are cultured at a suitable temperature, and the incubator is periodically shaken to promote air circulation and oxygen dissolution.
  • the LED light built into the incubator as a light source, or use a stainless steel frame with a clear glass incubator to take advantage of natural light.
  • the fermentation broth is collected from the liquid discharge port at the bottom of the incubator body, and the grown pieces are removed from the cell retention device. The fermentation broth and the plaque are further processed to obtain the corresponding product.

Abstract

一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，包括培养箱（1）、培养器单元（3）、通风装置、温度控制装置；所述培养箱（1）设有1个或多个相对独立的培养器单元（3）；所述培养器单元（3）是横截面为多边形、圆形或者椭圆形的立体的容器，开设有通气口（13）、进液口（12）和排液口（16）。本装置可快速实现固液分离，满足低成本、高营养价值、高活性的食药用真菌产品需求。

Description

一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，属于生物发酵技术领域。
背景技术
食药用真菌味道鲜美，富含蛋白质、维生素、矿质元素等多种生物活性成分，具有较多的药用价值及较好的保健功能，深受广大群众喜爱。例如：香菇、银耳、灵芝、灰树花等食药用真菌均可有效降血脂；姬松茸可降低胆固醇、降血压；茯苓、木耳等可有效预防脑血栓；长期食用猴头菇可有效预防各种胃病；冬虫夏草和北冬虫夏草含不仅能抗癌、而且对一些细菌和致病真菌有抑制作用。
传统的食药用真菌常采用固体栽培方式进行培养，这种培养方式下，真菌的生长环境条件接近自然状态，但固体栽培存在培养周期较长、产量低、代谢产物生物活性不稳定、易染菌等的问题。相对而言，液体发酵培养周期短、易于扩大培养、其制品丰富。许多食药用真菌，例如牛樟芝、斑金钱菌等，很难采用人工固体栽培方式进行大规模长时间培养，但可以通过液体发酵达到大规模长时间培养的目的。此外，灵芝、灰树花、姬松茸等几十种食药用真菌也实现了液体发酵培养。因此，采用液体培养食药用真菌已经成为一种趋势。
但是，传统的液体发酵培养食药用真菌，设备要求高且复杂；且菌体主要以菌丝体的形式生长，发酵结束时固液分离较复杂且相对困难。对于液体静置培养食药用真菌，操作比较简单，也容易实现快速分离菌体和发酵液，但是现有的一些细胞培养装置或多或少存在一些缺陷，无法满足各种规模的培养需求或者无法达到快速固液分离的目的。
实用新型内容
为了克服以上技术缺点，本实用新型提供了一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置。
所述用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，包括培养箱、培养器单元、通风装置、温度和湿度控制装置；所述培养箱设有1个或多个相对独立的培养器单元；所述培养器单元，形状是横截面为多边形、圆形或者椭圆形的立体的容器，开设有通气口、进液口、排液口。
所述培养器单元可以通过培养箱内置的隔板进行固定。所述隔板设置有用于固定培养器的部分。所述培养箱的材质可以为整体不锈钢，或者不锈钢框架搭配透明玻璃。所述隔板的材质可以为不锈钢。
所述培养器单元的高度一般不超过20cm，例如6cm或者10cm。
所述通风装置用于实现培养箱与外界空气的交换。所述通风装置可以由电磁阀自动控制 开启或关闭。
所述温度和湿度控制装置，包括温度传感器和除湿恒温器。用于提供食药用真菌生长所需的温度且保持培养箱环境干燥。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述培养器单元为食品级别无菌袋。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述培养器单元为可拆卸式，包括培养器主体和上盖板；上盖板开有两个通孔，培养器主体底部开有排液口，上盖板采用透明材料，培养器主体的材质为食品级、耐热材料例如PPSU(聚苯砜)、PP(聚丙烯)或者不锈钢。培养器主体和上盖板之间可设有密封性良好的硅胶垫，如食品级聚四氟乙烯材质或食品级硅胶垫。所述培养器单元内还设有菌体截留装置，所述菌体截留装置用于将菌丝体与培养基分隔开但不影响菌体从培养基中获取营养成分，可以是食品级别滤膜，例如食品级别胶原蛋白肠衣。所述培养器单元内还可以设有支撑所述菌体截留装置的支撑装置，所述支撑装置可以是网或者至少两个交叉或不交叉的支撑条。所述支撑装置的材质可以是不锈钢材质。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述培养器单元为圆柱形、可拆卸式的，直径50～500
mm左右、高度60～100mm左右。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述用于培养食药用真菌的装置，还包括紫外线消毒装置。所述紫外线消毒装置可以是紫外灯。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述用于培养食药用真菌的装置内部还安装了照明装置。所述照明装置可以是LED灯。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述用于培养食药用真菌的装置，还包括能够使培养器单元在一定幅度内晃动的摇摆装置；所述摇摆装置包括动力源、传动装置。所述动力源可以是电机，所述传动装置是齿轮传动装置。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述用于培养食药用真菌的装置的底部有支撑脚，所述支撑脚为弧形。当向所述用于培养食药用真菌的装置施加一定的力时，培养箱做轻微的摇摆运动。
本实用新型还提供一种用于培养食药用真菌的培养容器单元，为可拆卸式，包括培养器主体和上盖板；上盖板开有两个通孔，培养器主体底部开有排液口，上盖板采用透明材料，培养器主体的材质为食品级、耐热材料例如PPSU(聚苯砜)、PP(聚丙烯)或者不锈钢。培养器主体和上盖板之间可设有密封性良好的硅胶垫，如食品级聚四氟乙烯材质或食品级硅胶垫。所述培养器单元内还设有菌体截留装置，所述菌体截留装置可以是食品级别滤膜，例如食品级别胶原蛋白肠衣。所述培养器单元内还可以设有支撑所述菌体截留装置的支撑装置， 所述支撑装置可以是网，或者至少两个交叉或不交叉的支撑条。所述支撑装置的材质可以是不锈钢材质。
本实用新型提供的用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，具有以下优点：
(1)本实用新型提供的装置广泛适用于生长需氧量不大但对剪切力敏感的食药用真菌的大规模培养及实验室规模培养，满足研究或实际生产需求。使用者可根据需求，选择培养器单元的数量。因为不管在何种培养规模下，每一个培养器单元始终作为单独的培养空间，从小规模培养到大规模培养的过程，不需要摸索新的放大培养的条件。
(2)培养器单元内设有菌体截留装置，不影响菌体从培养基中获取影响，可以实现菌种快速生长，并且保证实现彻底的固液分离。所得菌丝体较为纯净，生长速度快，菌丝体也有菇类香味，可直接食用。
(3)LED灯照明装置可以实现黑暗培养与光照培养，可以针对性对菌种进行培养以提高其生物活性和营养价值。
(4)除湿恒温器和温度传感器装置能够满足食药用真菌生长所需温度，加速其生长。
(5)可利用大型克氏瓶或相应的培养容器，扩大培养面积，提高产量，适应生产需要。
(6)具有萌芽点多、菌丝覆盖面早的优点。
(7)本实用新型提供的液体静置培养装置可以多次重复利用，大规模培养食药用真菌，可以实现其低成本、高营养价值、高活性的食药用真菌产品需求，为其在食品、医药、化妆品等领域广泛应用提供基础。
(8)设置一个个独立的培养空间，可以在每一个独立空间培养不同的菌种，可以依据生产需求对多种食药用真菌进行培养，实现装置的高效利用。
(9)菌体截留装置采用食品级别胶原蛋白肠衣这种耐高温、透气性好而且可食用的材质时，无需将菌体与膜分离，可以一起烘干食用。
附图说明
图1本实用新型一种实施方式的主视图；
图2本实用新型一种实施方式的侧视图；
图3本实用新型一种实施方式的俯视图；
图4本实用新型一种实施方式中培养器单元的主视图；
图中，1：培养箱，2：培养器单元，3：LED灯，4：排气管，5：电磁阀，6：温度传感器，7：除湿恒温器，8：电源接口，9：变频器，10：摇摆控制器，11：电机，12：进液口，13：通气口，14：可食用膜，15：支撑装置，16：排液口，17：隔板。
具体实施方式
如图1～4所示：
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中，所述用于培养食药用真菌的装置包括一个长方体形的培养箱1。
培养箱1内部设有多个隔板17，隔板17上放置了培养器单元3，隔板17下方安装了LED灯。
培养箱1的顶部设有排气管4，排气管4上安装有电磁阀5，用于实现培养箱与外界空气的交换。
培养箱1的底部外侧设有电源接口8和电机11，电机11上安装有变频器9、摇摆控制器10，可用于控制培养箱1的摇摆频率和幅度，电机11通过连轴装置(如连轴器)带动齿轮传动装置左右摆动，大齿轮上有限位开关。摇摆频率依据菌种不同进行设置，控制摇摆角度不超过3度。
培养箱1侧壁上安装了温度传感器6和除湿恒温器7，用于控制培养箱1内的温度和湿度，使适合培养物的生长。
培养器单元3为可拆卸式圆柱形，包括培养器主体和上盖板；上盖板开有进液口12、通气口13，培养器主体底部开有排液口16，上盖板采用食品级透明材料；培养器主体和上盖板之间可设有密封性良好的硅胶垫，用于密封；培养器主体内设有菌体截留装置-可食用膜14，培养器主体内还设有支撑所述可食用膜14的支撑装置15，所述支撑装置15是孔径2-3cm的薄的不锈钢网。培养器单元3底部的突出的排液口16卡入隔板17的孔洞中。排液口16可以外接橡胶管等用于排出、收集培养液。所述可食用膜14还可以替换为食品级别胶原蛋白肠衣，让菌体附着生长，形成菌片，无需将菌体从食品级别胶原蛋白肠衣上分离。
应用本实用新型培养食药用真菌时，先向培养器主体中加入配制好的液体培养基，盖好上盖板，将培养器单元灭菌，灭菌后，培养基的液面超过菌体截留装置的高度0.1-0.5cm。如果培养箱配置了紫外灯，还打开紫外灯，对培养箱内部消杀一段时间。然后，在无菌条件下，将待培养的食药用真菌的种子由上盖板上的进液口接入，落入菌体截留装置的上表面。在适宜的温度下培养食药用真菌，定期摇摆培养箱，促进空气流通、氧气的溶解。对于需要光照的食药用真菌，可打开培养箱内置的LED灯作为光源，或者选用不锈钢框架搭配透明玻璃的培养箱以利用自然光。培养结束后，将发酵液从培养器主体底部的排液口收集，长成一片的菌片可从菌体截留装置上取下。发酵液和菌片经进一步后加工，可得到相应的产品。
虽然本实用新型已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并非用以限定本实用新型，任何熟悉此 技术的人，在不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围内，都可做各种的改动与修饰，因此本实用新型的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，包括培养箱、培养器单元、通风装置、温度和湿度控制装置；所述培养箱内设有1个或多个相对独立的培养器单元；所述培养器单元是横截面为多边形、圆形或者椭圆形的立体的容器，开设有通气口、进液口、排液口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述培养器单元通过培养箱内置的隔板进行固定，所述隔板设置有用于固定培养器单元的部分。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述培养器单元为食品级别无菌袋。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述培养器单元为可拆卸式，包括培养器主体和上盖板；上盖板开有两个通孔，培养器主体底部开有排液口，上盖板采用透明材料。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述培养器主体的材质为食品级、耐热材料。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，培养器主体和上盖板之间设有密封性良好的硅胶垫。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述培养器单元内还设有菌体截留装置，所述菌体截留装置用于将菌丝体与培养基分隔开但不影响菌体从培养基中获取营养成分。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述菌体截留装置是食品级别胶原蛋白肠衣。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述培养器单元内还设有支撑所述菌体截留装置的支撑装置，所述支撑装置是网，或者至少两个交叉或不交叉的支撑条。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，培养箱内还设置了紫外线消毒装置和/或照明装置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，还包括能够使培养器单元在一定幅度内晃动的摇摆装置；所述摇摆装置包括动力源、传动装置。
  12. 根据权利要求1或12所述的一种用于食药用真菌液体培养的装置，其特征在于，所述培养箱的底部有支撑脚，所述支撑脚为弧形。
  13. 一种用于培养食药用真菌的培养容器单元，其特征在于，为可拆卸式，包括培养器 主体和上盖板；上盖板开有两个通孔，培养器主体底部开有排液口；上盖板采用透明材料，培养器主体和上盖板之间设有密封装置；所述培养器单元内还设有菌体截留装置，所述菌体截留装置用于将菌丝体与培养基分隔开但不影响菌体从培养基中获取营养成分。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种用于培养食药用真菌的培养容器单元，其特征在于，所述培养器单元内还设有支撑所述菌体截留装置的支撑装置，所述支撑装置是网或者至少两个交叉或不交叉的支撑条。
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