WO2019087867A1 - Procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer et système de dessalement d'eau de mer - Google Patents

Procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer et système de dessalement d'eau de mer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019087867A1
WO2019087867A1 PCT/JP2018/039342 JP2018039342W WO2019087867A1 WO 2019087867 A1 WO2019087867 A1 WO 2019087867A1 JP 2018039342 W JP2018039342 W JP 2018039342W WO 2019087867 A1 WO2019087867 A1 WO 2019087867A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seawater
membrane
water
reverse osmosis
diluted
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/039342
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
崇人 中尾
周美 韓
櫻井　秀彦
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東洋紡株式会社
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Filing date
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Application filed by 東洋紡株式会社 filed Critical 東洋紡株式会社
Publication of WO2019087867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019087867A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a seawater desalination method and a seawater desalination system.
  • a freshwater production system seawater desalination system
  • seawater pressurized to a predetermined pressure by a boost pump is supplied to an RO membrane module, and the RO membrane is permeated to allow salt and the like in seawater to be extracted.
  • a reverse osmosis step is performed to remove and take out fresh water (produced water).
  • the remaining salt water which has not permeated through the RO membrane is discharged from the RO membrane module as concentrated salt water (brine)
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-97911).
  • an object of this invention is to provide the seawater desalination method which can reduce the energy consumption of a reverse osmosis process.
  • a seawater desalination system for use in the seawater desalination method according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein A forward osmosis treatment device having a semipermeable membrane, bringing seawater supplied from a seawater tank into contact with low osmotic pressure water via the semipermeable membrane, and discharging diluted salt water diluted with the seawater; Reverse osmosis treatment, which comprises a reverse osmosis membrane and discharges, from the diluted brine discharged from the forward osmosis treatment device, the product water having permeated through the reverse osmosis membrane and the concentrated brine which is the concentrated dilute brine; A device, Desalination system, equipped with
  • the forward osmosis treatment apparatus used in the forward osmosis step of the present invention has the semipermeable membrane 1a, and the seawater supplied from the seawater tank 6 is brought into contact with the low osmotic pressure water through the forward osmosis membrane 1a to Drain the diluted salted water.
  • the forward osmosis treatment apparatus comprises a forward osmosis (FO) membrane module 1.
  • the FO membrane module 1 includes an FO membrane 1a which is a semipermeable membrane used for forward osmosis treatment, a first chamber 11 to which a feed solution (FS) is supplied, and a second to which a draw solution (DS) is supplied.
  • a chamber 12 is provided, and the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 are separated by the FO membrane 1a.
  • the forward osmosis treatment apparatus includes a pump 31 for supplying FS to the first chamber 11 of the FO membrane module 1, and a pump 32 for supplying DS to the second chamber 12 of the FO membrane module 1 from the seawater tank 6. Prepare.
  • DS is seawater.
  • FS is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid (hypotonic water) having an osmotic pressure lower than DS, but, for example, fresh water (for example, river water, drainage (industrial drainage, treated sewage etc.)), and seawater Low salt water (eg, brine, brackish water) is used.
  • the low osmotic pressure water is preferably waste water. When waste water is used as the low osmotic pressure water, the amount of waste water discarded as industrial waste can be reduced.
  • low osmotic pressure water is supplied to the first chamber 11 of the FO membrane module 1 via the pump 31, and the low osmotic pressure water is brought into contact with one surface of the semipermeable membrane 1a.
  • the seawater pumped from the seawater tank 6 is supplied to the second chamber 12 of the FO membrane module 1 and brought into contact with the opposite surface of the semipermeable membrane 1a.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus used in the reverse osmosis process of the present invention has a reverse osmosis membrane 2a, and from the diluted brine discharged from the forward osmosis treatment apparatus, the produced water permeating the reverse osmosis membrane and the concentrated diluted brine Drain the concentrated brine.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus comprises a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane module 2a, a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane module 2, and a pressure rising pump for supplying seawater diluted in the RO membrane module 2 (diluted salt water) 33 is provided.
  • RO reverse osmosis
  • RO reverse osmosis
  • the shapes of the FO membrane 1a and the RO membrane 2a are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include flat membranes, spiral membranes, and hollow fiber membranes.
  • flat membrane is simplified and drawn as FO membrane and RO membrane, it is not limited in particular in such a shape.
  • a hollow fiber membrane can increase the membrane area per module compared to a spiral type semipermeable membrane etc., and can improve the efficiency of reverse osmosis and forward osmosis. Is advantageous.
  • the material of the FO membrane and the RO membrane is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cellulose acetate, polyamide and sulfonated polysulfone.
  • the materials of the FO film 1a and the RO film 2a may be the same or different. Since cellulose acetate is excellent in chlorine resistance, when cellulose acetate is used, a chlorine-based bactericide can be added to the water supplied to each module as a bactericide.
  • the form of the FO membrane module 1 and the RO membrane module 2 is not particularly limited, but in the case of using a hollow fiber membrane, a module in which the hollow fiber membrane is arranged straight or a cross in which the hollow fiber membrane is wound around a core tube Wind-type module etc. are mentioned.
  • a flat membrane is used, a stacked module in which flat membranes are stacked, or a spiral type module in which a flat membrane is enveloped and wound around a core tube may, for example, be mentioned.
  • the diluted brine discharged from the FO membrane module 1 is pressurized by the pressure pump 33 to a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure possessed by the diluted brine, and is supplied to the RO membrane module 2.
  • the diluted brine supplied to the RO membrane module 2 can pass through the RO membrane 2a to obtain fresh water from which the salt content, impurities and the like have been removed from the diluted seawater.
  • the remaining diluted brine that has not permeated the RO membrane 2a is concentrated and discharged from the RO membrane module 2 as concentrated brine.
  • the obtained fresh water is sent to the next purification step or the like as necessary to be produced water.
  • the diluted brine discharged from the second chamber 12 of the FO membrane module 1 is diluted in the flow path (route) until it is supplied to the RO membrane module 2
  • a method of installing a measuring device for measuring the concentration, osmotic pressure or flow rate of salt water, and controlling the output (pressure) of the pumps 31, 32 based on the value measured by the measuring device, and as necessary, an FO membrane A method of adjusting the opening degree of a flow rate adjusting valve (not shown) installed in a flow path (path) until the diluted brine discharged from the second chamber 12 of the module 1 is supplied to the RO membrane module 2, etc. It can be mentioned. Note that, for example, by reducing the output of the pump 32, the salt concentration of the diluted brine can be reduced. Also, for example, by increasing the output of the pump 31, the salt concentration of the diluted brine can be reduced.
  • pretreatments require large-scale equipment. Moreover, in order to perform sufficient treatment according to the water quality condition of the taken-in seawater, detailed operation management by a skilled engineer is also necessary.
  • concentrated salt water is circulated and reused, the amount of pretreatment of seawater can be reduced, and the pretreatment equipment can be miniaturized. Conventionally, when, for example, pretreatment of 30,000 tons / day of seawater is necessary, the amount of the treatment can be reduced to, for example, 500 tons / day by circulating concentrated salt water.
  • the seawater required to simultaneously bring up all the trains (the smallest unit that can be switched on / off independently including multiple RO membrane modules) is pretreated at one time do not have to.
  • the seawater pretreatment device 5 may be used to start up one train at a time, and in this case, the pretreatment device can be further miniaturized. Pretreatment can be partially omitted by using an aqueous NaCl solution which does not require pretreatment in place of seawater.
  • a measuring device for measuring the concentration, osmotic pressure or flow rate of diluted brine in the flow path (pathway) where the diluted brine discharged from the second chamber 12 of the FO membrane module 1 is supplied to the RO membrane module 2 Install and integrate the outputs (pressures) of the pumps 31, 32 and boost pump 33 (also the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve provided in each flow path if necessary) based on the value measured by the measuring device. It is also possible to use control methods.
  • seawater may be newly collected from the ocean, pretreated by the seawater pretreatment apparatus 5, and then replenished to the seawater tank 6.
  • the anti-scaling agent is not particularly limited, but for example, inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, phosphonic acids such as aminomethyl phosphonic acid and phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid for preventing calcium-based scale
  • inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, phosphonic acids such as aminomethyl phosphonic acid and phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid for preventing calcium-based scale
  • a scale inhibitor containing phosphorus a copolymer of maleic acid and isobutylene, a terpolymer of maleic acid and vinyl ethyl acetate and ethyl acrylate, an AA (acrylic acid) -AMPS (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonic acid) copolymer and a PMA
  • the scale inhibiting agent etc. which do not contain phosphorus, such
  • the chlorine-based germicide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include chlorine gas, free chlorine such as sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite, combined chlorine such as monochloramine, and chlorine dioxide.
  • the addition of these chlorine-based germicides can suppress the growth of microorganisms that cause biofouling, and make it difficult to cause deterioration in membrane performance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention réduit la quantité d'énergie consommée dans une étape d'osmose inverse d'un procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer. Ce procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer afin d'obtenir de l'eau douce à partir de l'eau de mer comprend : une étape d'osmose directe afin de mettre en contact de l'eau de mer provenant d'un réservoir d'eau de mer et de l'eau ayant une faible pression osmotique à travers une membrane semi-perméable, et obtenir une eau salée diluée qui est diluée de l'eau de mer; et une étape d'osmose inverse utilisant une membrane d'osmose inverse pour obtenir, à partir de l'eau salée diluée produite dans l'étape d'osmose directe, de l'eau salée concentrée qui est un concentré de l'eau salée diluée, et de l'eau produite qui a traversé la membrane d'osmose inverse.
PCT/JP2018/039342 2017-10-30 2018-10-23 Procédé de dessalement d'eau de mer et système de dessalement d'eau de mer WO2019087867A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2017-209524 2017-10-30
JP2017209524A JP7102706B2 (ja) 2017-10-30 2017-10-30 海水淡水化方法および海水淡水化システム

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112209547A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-12 苏州诺津环保科技有限公司 一种高盐分高有机物水溶液的浓缩减量化方法
CN112919668A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-06-08 山东大学 一种反渗透-肥料驱动的正渗透海水淡化方法
CN113003813A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-22 辽宁莱特莱德环境工程有限公司 一种海水淡化处理装置及方法
WO2022126877A1 (fr) * 2020-12-17 2022-06-23 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 Système et procédé de traitement des eaux usées organiques à salinité élevée

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021065845A (ja) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-30 栗田工業株式会社 排水回収システム

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JP4518435B1 (ja) 2009-02-13 2010-08-04 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 海水淡水化方法および海水淡水化装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060144789A1 (en) * 2004-12-06 2006-07-06 Cath Tzahi Y Systems and methods for purification of liquids
JP2010188344A (ja) * 2010-04-05 2010-09-02 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd 海水淡水化方法および海水淡水化装置
KR20130103996A (ko) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-25 지에스건설 주식회사 Ｆｏ/ｒｏ 하이브리드 해수 담수화 장치 및 방법
JP2013202456A (ja) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-07 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd 淡水の製造方法及び淡水の製造装置
KR20140073312A (ko) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-16 한국건설기술연구원 하수처리수와 해수를 사용하는 정삼투, 역삼투 및 압력지연삼투 공정을 이용한 담수 및 전력 생산장치 및 그 방법
JP2015150553A (ja) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-24 株式会社ササクラ 造水装置及び造水方法
KR20170069614A (ko) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-21 효림산업주식회사 염수 담수화 시스템
KR20170100864A (ko) * 2016-02-26 2017-09-05 주식회사 포스코 정삼투 및 역삼투를 이용한 폐쇄순환식 담수화 시스템

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112209547A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-12 苏州诺津环保科技有限公司 一种高盐分高有机物水溶液的浓缩减量化方法
WO2022126877A1 (fr) * 2020-12-17 2022-06-23 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 Système et procédé de traitement des eaux usées organiques à salinité élevée
CN112919668A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-06-08 山东大学 一种反渗透-肥料驱动的正渗透海水淡化方法
CN112919668B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-08-26 山东大学 一种反渗透-肥料驱动的正渗透海水淡化方法
CN113003813A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-22 辽宁莱特莱德环境工程有限公司 一种海水淡化处理装置及方法

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JP7102706B2 (ja) 2022-07-20
JP2019081134A (ja) 2019-05-30

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