WO2019082153A1 - Implant dentaire, procédé d'obtention et ses utilisations - Google Patents

Implant dentaire, procédé d'obtention et ses utilisations

Info

Publication number
WO2019082153A1
WO2019082153A1 PCT/IB2018/058396 IB2018058396W WO2019082153A1 WO 2019082153 A1 WO2019082153 A1 WO 2019082153A1 IB 2018058396 W IB2018058396 W IB 2018058396W WO 2019082153 A1 WO2019082153 A1 WO 2019082153A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
implant
implant according
bone
cortical bone
expandable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2018/058396
Other languages
English (en)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Filipe Samuel CORREIA PEREIRA SILVA
Paulo Filipe SALGADO PINTO
Óscar Samuel NOVAIS CARVALHO
Telma Sofia ALVES DANTAS
Original Assignee
Universidade Do Minho
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidade Do Minho filed Critical Universidade Do Minho
Publication of WO2019082153A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019082153A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0033—Expandable implants; Implants with extendable elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0003—Not used, see subgroups
    • A61C8/0004—Consolidating natural teeth
    • A61C8/0006—Periodontal tissue or bone regeneration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C2201/00—Material properties
    • A61C2201/007—Material properties using shape memory effect

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is in the dental area, more specifically in the area of dental implants.
  • the solution comprises an implant that is attached to the cortical bone and which contains textures, rings and expandable parts that allow better implant fixation and bone integration.
  • the conventional dental implant system includes implants and dental implant placement techniques that rely on the screwing of the implant into the cortical bone as well as the trabecular bone, the mandible, and the maxilla.
  • These implants present some limitations, among which the non-accompaniment of bone recession; the promotion of bone recession due to lack of loads in the area adjacent to the implant; the need for long periods of bone integration before mastication loads can be applied; and because of the need to be threaded, the rotation of the implant does not allow the implant to be a single piece that contemplates the intraosseous and extraosseous zone, nor does it allow the geometry of the intraosseous part to conform to the geometry of the cavity of a extracted tooth.
  • EP1017868 discloses a dental implant consisting of NiTi (Nitinol) and which will expand when within the bone, due to the application of temperature.
  • the present disclosure describes a solution which bridges the above limitations by not being threading and by relying solely on cortical bone and, to a large extent, being a subgingival implant.
  • the present disclosure is distinguished in that small rings, alternately offset, or small cylinders, or even small hooks, or components with other geometries but with the same function, are placed on the surface of the implant body in the area of the implant that will enter the bore of the cortical bone, and will be expanded by the application of temperature, ensuring a strong fixation of that area of the implant to the cortical bone.
  • This method allows the main body of the implant to be any material, Titanium (Ti), Zirconia (YTZP), Polyether- ether-ketone (PEEK), or the like, and the fasteners and expandable elements are in another material, for example Nitinol.
  • One aspect of the present invention describes a dental implant for attachment to the intraosseous zone of a dental cavity, comprising:
  • the lower part of the implant comprises a plurality of recesses and / or protrusions
  • the plurality of recesses and / or protuberances is capable of receiving expandable components
  • an upper part of the implant comprising at least two flaps, said flaps comprising holes for housing fastening means and wherein each flap has an outer surface comprising a cellular structure.
  • the plurality of recesses and / or protrusions may be disposed on the outer surface of the implant bottom alternately.
  • the plurality of recesses and / or protrusions may be disposed on the outer surface of the implant bottom portion in an off-center, preferably non-aligned, manner.
  • the outer surface of the lower part of the implant may comprise a cellular structure, in particular the area in contact with the bone.
  • the implant may comprise an inner central hole capable of securing a post or a crown.
  • the inner central hole is threaded.
  • the lower part of the implant is conical in shape.
  • the lower part of the implant is shaped like the root of a tooth.
  • the implant may comprise a post for securing the crown.
  • the implant may comprise a post and a crown.
  • the lower recesses of the implant may be cylindrical orifices, semi-circumferential tears or combinations thereof.
  • the expandable members may be external cylinders, hooks, rings or combinations thereof.
  • the expandable components are thermally expandable at temperatures between 40-50 ° C.
  • the expandable members may have a diameter ranging from 0.4 to 2 mm.
  • the expandable components may have a height ranging from 1 to 3 mm.
  • the expandable members of the semi-circumferential tears may be ring-shaped.
  • the rings Preferably, the rings have a thickness and height ranging from 0.4 to 2 mm and a diameter ranging from 2 to 8 mm.
  • the expandable components may be in a shape memory material, preferably Nitinol.
  • Nickel-titanium also known as nitinol, is a metal alloy of nickel and titanium, where the two elements are present in nearly equal atomic percentages.
  • Nitinol exhibits two unique properties that are related: thermal memory effect and superelasticity (also called pseudoelasticity).
  • the implant material may be selected from the following list: metal material, a metal alloy, metal matrix composite, a ceramic, a ceramic composite, a polymer, polymer composite, or mixtures thereof.
  • the cellular structure is a cell matrix.
  • the metallic material, metal alloy or metal matrix composite may comprise titanium, CoCrMo, stainless steel or mixtures thereof, among others.
  • the ceramic ceramic composites may comprise zirconia, hydroxyapatite, or combinations thereof, among others.
  • the polymer or polymeric composite may be selected from materials comprising polyether ether ketone (PEEK), poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or mixtures thereof.
  • PEEK polyether ether ketone
  • PMMA poly (methyl methacrylate)
  • the present disclosure further describes a kit for dental surgery comprising the implant described in any one of the preceding claims and extensible components described in any one of the preceding claims.
  • the present disclosure describes a dental implant, with rigid attachment to the cortical bone, wherein the implant may be subjected to immediate loading.
  • this implant is supported only on the more resistant component of the bone, the cortical bone, and has a fixation at several points of the cortical bone.
  • the implant proposed herein in addition to the portion which is molded to the outer surface of the cortical bone, contains a zone that will enter the natural bore of the extracted tooth or alternatively in a bore made in the same area, in the cortical bone, and therein it will be fixed through rings or cylinders or other expandable components, which guarantee a strong and immediate connection in that zone.
  • the implant will still be attached to the cortical bone by means of small screws that will fix the part of the implant located on the outside of the bone and subgengival, and that will give greater rigidity to the implant-bone connection. In this way the connection is practically free of relative bone-to-implant movement, which allows it to be subjected to immediate chewing loads.
  • This allows the abutment and crown to be applied immediately, or alternatively that the implant has a single body, ie already contains the abutment and the crown, as a single piece.
  • the implant of the present disclosure comprises the following features:
  • a lower part of the implant which enters the bore and is internal to the cortical bone comprises cylindrical orifices 13 or semi-circumferential tears (circumferential recesses or cavities 15), wherein expandable components are placed as small external cylinders or hooks 14, preferably with dimensions from 1 to 4 millimeters (whose diameter is the same as the holes) or rings (16), respectively, which when subjected to a temperature of from 40 to 50 ⁇ ° C for a period of 5 to 120 seconds, expand and create a strong bond between the implant and the cortical bone of the orifice.
  • This form of fixation which prevents the implant from rotating to enter the hole, allows it to have any geometry, either from the root of the implant, ie the part of the implant that will enter the cortical bone, or from the outside of the implant , the crown, which can thus be perfectly anchored in the adjacent teeth.
  • the implant further comprises a flap (1) that will overlap over the cortical bone and under the gingiva.
  • This flap may for example comprise 4 holes (4) in the lateral region which will allow screws (5) to rigidly attach this flap to the cortical bone and a cellular structure (7) in the area that contacts the cortical bone, in order to accelerate the osseo- integration.
  • the implant may be made with a single body (Figure 1c) and Figure 2c), which already contains the intraosseous zone, flap, and crown area, or be made in two (1) and (2) (b)), one, the implant itself, which enters the cortical bone, with the flap, and already contains the abutment, and on which another part, the crown, or in three main parts ( Figure 1 a) and Figure 2 (a)), one, the implant itself, which enters the cortical bone, already flap, where another part, the abutment will screw, and on which another part will be fixed, the crown, where in the latter case the part of the implant that enters the cortical bone, either in the ( Figure 2), whether in the hole made in the cortical bone 1 ( Figure 1), has a threaded inner central hole (3) where the abutment is screwed;
  • the implant in addition to being integrally supported on the cortical bone, so as to maintain a close contact between implant and bone, also has several attachment points by means of screws, which allow it to be rigidly attached to the bone . This fixation does not allow relative displacements between bone and implant, allowing the immediate application of load without compromising bone integration of the implant, even with chewing loads.
  • the implant may further possess a cellular structure, in the region in which it is in contact with the bone, allowing for efficient and accelerated bone integration, including adequate vascularization throughout the implant surface.
  • This cell structure must have a geometry that does not jeopardize the holes for the screws.
  • the cellular structure may be in the form of a honeycomb, in particular for each honeycomb being a square, a hexagon, a pentagon, an octagon, and combinations thereof. In particular as shown in detail in figure 7.
  • the implant or parts thereof, as well as the accessory screws are of metal or metal alloy or metal matrix composite based on titanium or Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloy (CoCrMo) or or by a ceramic such as zirconia, alumina, or other material accepted for medical implants, or ceramic composite, or by a polymer such as PEEK, poly (methyl methacrylate) PMMA, or another polymer accepted in medical implants, or polymeric composite.
  • the other elements, namely the rings or expandable parts are Ninitol (NiTi) or other expandable, shape memory, medical implant material.
  • the implants will be made to the anatomy of each patient. Anatomical images of the bone and tooth will initially be obtained. With these implants should be manufactured containing the flap that will embrace the cortical bone and eventually the crown, in the option of the integrated implant. Manufacturing techniques will be conventional, by CNC machining, laser, or by additive technologies, or other conventional technologies.
  • the implant-contacting zone with the bone will have a cellular structure, which promotes rapid and effective integration with the bone, while still allowing adequate vascularization throughout the implant surface.
  • the implant described in the present disclosure has the following advantages: the ability of the implant to have any geometry, either from the zone entering the bone or from the crown, by not requiring it to be implanted so that it can be implanted a geometric freedom that allows it to be anchored or adjusted in the extracted tooth hole in the jaw / jaw, or that the outer zone, the crown, may have a geometry that allows it to be anchored in adjacent teeth;
  • implant capacity is a single piece, very similar to natural teeth, thus minimizing the use of various parts with the consequent reduction of mechanical resistance and the probable accumulation of bacteria at the interfaces between the parts;
  • the implant of the present disclosure is fixed only on the cortical bone and can accompany the bone recession thereof and is not fixed along the cortical bone and also the trabecular bone as in conventional implants, in which the area of the implant fixed in the trabecular bone does not allow it to accompany the bone recession of the cortical bone.
  • Figure 1 - Represents an embodiment of an implant that enters a hole made in the cortical bone.
  • the implant can be made with a single body (c), which already contains the intraosseous zone and the area of the abutment and the crown, or be made in two main parts (b), the implant, that enters the cortical bone and which already contains the abutment, on which another part will be mounted, the crown, or else be made in three main parts (a), the implant, which enters the cortical bone and that has a hole in its top, where another one will be screwed part, the pillar, and on which will be mounted yet another part, the crown.
  • Figure 2 represents an embodiment of an implant entering the hole left by the newly extracted tooth.
  • the implant can be made with a single body (c), which already contains the intraosseous zone and the area of the abutment and the crown, or be made in two main parts (b), the implant, that enters the cortical bone and which already contains the abutment, on which another part, the crown, or else be made in three main parts (a), the implant that enters the cortical bone and that has a hole in its top, where another part will be screwed , the pillar, and on which will be mounted another part, the crown.
  • Figure 3 Represents an embodiment of a flap implant 1 with the central portion 2 for anchoring in a bore realized in the cortical bone and with an internal threaded bore 3 at its top, where it will be screwed the abutment, wherein the flaps have holes 4 for the entry of the screws 5, and slots or holes 6 for the rings or cylinders or shape memory clamps 14 and a cellular structure (7).
  • Figure 4 represents an embodiment of an implant with the central portion (2) anchored in the bore in the cortical bone (8), with an internal threaded bore (3) at its top, where the pillar (9) is screwed. ), and on which the crown (10) will be mounted.
  • the flaps have several holes (4) for entry of the screws (5) ( Figure 3).
  • Figure 5 represents an embodiment of a one-piece or integrated implant (12), anchored in the cortical bone constituting the bore of the newly extracted tooth, with the flaps (1) and the screws (5) and the respective holes (4) through which the screws pass.
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of an integrated implant 12 with the flaps 1, the screw holes 4, the screws 5, and the holes 13 where the small cylinders will enter or (14) into shape memory material, or the tears (15) where the rings (16) will enter into shape memory material.
  • Figure 7 - An embodiment represents an integrated or one-piece implant in which the surface thereof, in contact with the bone, has a cell surface (7), which allows better attachment to the cortical bone and also adequate vascularization along the surface of the implant.
  • the present disclosure describes a dental implant which may be immediately loaded because it is firmly anchored in a substantially substantial cortical bone area.
  • the present disclosure describes a dental implant, which if supported on the cortical bone, and which may be subjected to immediate loading.
  • the implant will be implanted in the hole from which the tooth was extracted, if this hole still exists, or alternatively in a hole made for placement of the implant, at the level of the cortical bone, and externally between the cortical bone and the gingiva, surrounding slightly jaw or jaw.
  • the implant in order to strengthen the fixation, may further comprise screws that secure to the maxilla / mandible the outer part of the implant and rings or expandable parts, which will fix the implantable part, i.e. that part of the implant that will lie in the hole of the extracted tooth or in the bore made in the cortical bone, the bone itself, and which includes an interface region of the implant with the bone with a cellular structure (7) which will allow and accelerate bone integration, including adequate vascularization throughout the surface of the implant.
  • the flap (1) of the implant is supported on the cortical bone, embracing it.
  • the implant has a zone (2) that will enter a hole to be made in the cortical bone, being firmly attached there ( Figure 4) .
  • the implant may further comprise the equivalent of the tooth root ( Figure 2, 5, and 6), and which will enter the hole left by the tooth root ( Figure 5) its geometry is as close as possible to the root of the extracted tooth.
  • This part which enters the tooth root bore, contains outer rings (16) or small hooks (14), made of shape memory material, preferably Nitinol, and which when subjected to temperature will expand and create a strong bond with the cortical bone of the orifice.
  • the rings may be about 0.4 to 2 mm thick and have a height and a diameter which may range from 2 to 8 mm, while the cylinders may be about 0.4 to 2 mm in diameter and 1 to 3 mm in height, both depending on the geometry of the implant and should be of NiTi or other metal or metal alloy, or other shape memory material, and which expands with temperature.
  • Both the rings and the cylinders and hooks should be close at intervals equivalent to their own size to ensure a bone contacting surface of at least about 50% of the surface of the implant.
  • This form of attachment which prevents the implant from rotating to enter the hole, allows it to have any geometry, such as the hole in the root of the tooth, which allows it to be perfectly anchored in the cortical bone of the extracted tooth .
  • the implant-to-bone interface region has a cell structure (7) that will allow and accelerate bone integration, including adequate vascularization throughout the implant surface.
  • this cellular structure will also allow to house bioactive or antibacterial materials, which will allow for faster bone integration and healing.
  • the implant zone which will enter the cortical bore there are semi-circumferential bores (13) or tears (15) where cylinders or hooks (14) or rings (16) are made with a shape memory material, preferably Nitinol.
  • the rings and cylinders and hooks should have an outer surface with an irregular roughened structure that allows a strong bond to the bone and a rapid osseous-integration.
  • temperature in the crown should be applied which will diffuse into the intraosseous zone. This temperature will expand the cylinders, hooks, or rings, and will promote a strong bond between the implant and the bone.
  • the screws (5) should also be placed on the flaps, and bolted to the cortical bone.
  • the screws may have a length of between 1 and 3 mm and a diameter between 0.5 and 2 mm.
  • the flap (1) ( Figure 5) of the implant allows the applied loads on the tooth to give rise to sufficiently distributed stresses along the cortical bone, which will avoid areas of overvoltages normally present at the upper and lower edges of the implant. bore of the cortical bone, in the perimplant region, in the conventional implants and that lead to an accentuated bone recession over time.
  • the implant body as well as the accessory screws may be made of a metal or alloy, or metal matrix composite, based on titanium, or CoCrMo, or stainless steel, or other accepted metal or alloy metal for medical implants, or for a ceramic such as zirconia, alumina, or other medical implant, or ceramic compound, or a polymer such as PEEK, PMMA, or other polymer accepted in medical implants, or polymeric composite.
  • a ceramic such as zirconia, alumina, or other medical implant, or ceramic compound, or a polymer such as PEEK, PMMA, or other polymer accepted in medical implants, or polymeric composite.
  • PEEK polymer
  • PMMA polymer accepted in medical implants
  • polymeric composite Preferably it should be ceramic based on zirconia.
  • Other accessories, such as expandable rings and cylinders should be made of NiTi or other expandable material, suitable for medical implants. Preferably they should be Nitinol.
  • the implants will be made to the anatomy of each implant. patient. Anatomical images of the bone should be obtained initially. With these implants should be manufactured containing the flap that will embrace the cortical bone, and eventually the abutment and the crown, in the option of the integrated implant. Manufacturing techniques will be conventional, by CNC machining, or by additive or subtractive technologies, including laser ablation, among other conventional technologies.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un implant dentaire qui vient appuyer sur l'os cortical et qui peut être soumis à une charge immédiate. Plus particulièrement, l'implant est implanté dans l'orifice dont la dent a été extraite, si cet orifice existe encore, ou en variante dans un orifice réalisé en vue de la mise en place de l'implant, au niveau de l'os cortical, et extérieurement, entre l'os cortical et la gencive, entourant légèrement la mâchoire ou maxillaire. Dans un mode de réalisation, pour renforcer la fixation, l'implant peut également comprendre des vis qui fixent au maxillaire/mâchoire la partie extérieure de l'implant et des anneaux ou parties expansibles appelées à fixer la partie implantable, c'est-à-dire la partie de l'implant appelée à rester dans l'orifice de la dent extraite ou dans l'orifice réalisé dans l'os cortical, sur l'os lui-même, et comprenant une zone d'interface de l'implant avec l'os avec une structure cellulaire.
PCT/IB2018/058396 2017-10-26 2018-10-26 Implant dentaire, procédé d'obtention et ses utilisations WO2019082153A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT110371 2017-10-26
PT11037117 2017-10-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019082153A1 true WO2019082153A1 (fr) 2019-05-02

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Country Link
WO (1) WO2019082153A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU1557709C (ru) * 1987-07-13 1994-10-30 Миргазизов Марсель Закеевич Внутрикостный зубной протез
WO1996022061A1 (fr) * 1995-01-20 1996-07-25 Jeffcoat Robert L Implant dentaire intraosseux stabilise elastiquement
US20030224328A1 (en) * 2002-06-03 2003-12-04 Sapian Schubert L. Growth factor releasing biofunctional dental implant
US20030232308A1 (en) * 2002-06-14 2003-12-18 Simmons Earl Wayne Method and apparatus for dental implants
WO2008125852A1 (fr) * 2007-04-17 2008-10-23 Smith & Nephew Plc Implant dentaire

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU1557709C (ru) * 1987-07-13 1994-10-30 Миргазизов Марсель Закеевич Внутрикостный зубной протез
WO1996022061A1 (fr) * 1995-01-20 1996-07-25 Jeffcoat Robert L Implant dentaire intraosseux stabilise elastiquement
US20030224328A1 (en) * 2002-06-03 2003-12-04 Sapian Schubert L. Growth factor releasing biofunctional dental implant
US20030232308A1 (en) * 2002-06-14 2003-12-18 Simmons Earl Wayne Method and apparatus for dental implants
WO2008125852A1 (fr) * 2007-04-17 2008-10-23 Smith & Nephew Plc Implant dentaire

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