WO2019080822A1 - 一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔 - Google Patents

一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔

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Publication number
WO2019080822A1
WO2019080822A1 PCT/CN2018/111338 CN2018111338W WO2019080822A1 WO 2019080822 A1 WO2019080822 A1 WO 2019080822A1 CN 2018111338 W CN2018111338 W CN 2018111338W WO 2019080822 A1 WO2019080822 A1 WO 2019080822A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cap
blood collection
safety
plug
needle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/111338
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
施国平
霍斯特曼·安东尼·斯科特
Original Assignee
苏州施莱医疗器械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 苏州施莱医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 苏州施莱医疗器械有限公司
Publication of WO2019080822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019080822A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medical blood collection device, in particular to a blood collection pen used in combination with a disposable blood collection needle.
  • the blood collection pen can prevent the user from accidentally operating the needle.
  • the blood collection pen is a blood collection device used in conjunction with a disposable blood collection needle, wherein the blood collection pen can be reused, and the blood collection needle is only used for one-time use in order to avoid cross infection.
  • the development of the blood collection pen has been for decades.
  • the improvement of the blood collection pen has also gone through many stages. At present, the blood collection pen is gradually maturing, but in the development process of the blood collection pen, the safety and convenience of use are always Issues of concern to those skilled in the field.
  • the Chinese patent CN103767713B authorized the invention patent of the patent number 2014100688026, entitled "Puncture device for relieving pain.”
  • the invention patent is actually a blood collection pen structure.
  • the blood collection pen has a positive effect in reducing the needle tip jitter and reducing the pain of puncture
  • the structural design of the patent document clearly has the following disadvantages. That is, when the blood collection pen is installed with the blood collection needle and the cap is attached, if the user pushes the tail rod forward intentionally or unintentionally (misoperation), even if the blood collection pen is not used, the cap and the blood collection needle can be simultaneously removed.
  • the reason for the analysis is that the blood collection pen structure lacks safety protection for the tail rod in the state where the blood collection needle is installed, which causes the blood collection pen to have a loophole in the safety and convenience of use.
  • the present invention provides a blood collection pen for preventing erroneous operation of unloading a needle, and the object thereof is to solve the problems existing in the prior art blood collection pen pointed out in the prior art in preventing the safety of erroneous operation of the needle.
  • a blood collection pen for preventing accidental operation of unloading a needle comprising a cap, a cap and a needle release lever, the cap is a sleeve type cap of the head of the blood collection pen, and the cap is for blood collection.
  • the seat body for connecting with the cap at the front of the pen, the needle bar is a ejector pin for removing the lancet on the blood collection pen; the cap and the cap are cooperatively connected through the connection port.
  • the innovation is that the cap is provided with a sliding slot, the sliding slot is arranged along the axial direction of the blood collecting pen, and a channel is arranged in front of the sliding slot, and the passage leads to the connecting port of the cap and the cap, and the sliding slot is provided with shielding. Piece.
  • a safety bolt is disposed in the sliding slot, and the safety bolt is a plug body that can be slidably engaged with the sliding slot.
  • the head of the safety bolt is provided with a latch, and the plug of the safety bolt is provided with an elastic body.
  • the elastic body corresponding to the safety bolt on the needle removing rod is provided with a top block, and the elastic body is located on the path of the top block moving along the needle removing rod.
  • the safety bolt In the assembled state, the safety bolt is seated in the sliding groove of the cap and is slidably engaged with the sliding groove.
  • the safety bolt has a front end position and a rear end position with respect to the sliding groove, and the safety bolt head is in the front end position state.
  • the latch is inserted into the passage in front of the chute and extends into the connection port of the cap to the cap.
  • the cap When the cap is connected to the cap, the cap presses the latch in the connecting port and forces the safety pin to be in the rear end position in the sliding slot.
  • the blocking block blocks the movement path of the elastic body, forcing the elastic body to The placeholder form blocks the path of the top block moving forward with the needle bar.
  • the cap When the cap is separated from the cap, the cap withdraws the latch from the connecting port, and when the safety pin is in the front end position in the sliding slot, the elastic body leaves the blocking block, and the elastic body moves with the needle removing lever forward. Avoid the top block to open the path of the top block moving forward with the needle bar.
  • the "axial direction” refers to the axial direction of the blood collection pen, and is also the direction between the tip of the blood collection pen and the tail of the blood, or the front and rear direction.
  • connection port comprises the following three types of structures: the first type is a plug port, in which the cap and the cap form a plug connection through the plug port; the second type is a threaded port. In the assembled state, the cap and the cap form a threaded connection through the threaded port; the third type is a plug-in swivel port, and in the assembled state, the cap and the cap are first mated and then connected by a rotary latch.
  • the design principle and concept of the present invention are: in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art blood collection pen in preventing the safety of the needle unloading, the present invention designs a safety bolt protection structure between the cap and the cap, and the protection structure will The safety bolt is placed in a pre-opened chute.
  • the safety bolt is provided with an elastic body. In the work, the different states of assembly and disassembly of the cap and the cap are used to correspond to the safety bolt in the chute when the needle bar is pushed.
  • the first is the path in which the elastic body blocks the forward movement of the unloading bar in a fixed position when the cap is coupled to the cap;
  • the elastic body opens the path of the forward movement of the unloading bar in an elastic avoidance manner.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:
  • the invention can effectively prevent the wrong operation of the blood collection pen after the installation of the blood collection needle and the period before the official use, thereby completely solving the problems existing in the prevention of the accidental operation of the needle. .
  • the invention only adds one safety bolt component in structure, and other structures are designed on the original structural component. Its cost has increased little and its security features have been greatly improved.
  • the invention utilizes two different states of assembly and disassembly of the cap and the cap, and achieves a path for blocking and opening the forward movement of the needle bar by corresponding changes of the safety bolt, and the design is reasonable, the concept is ingenious, and has outstanding Substantial characteristics and significant progress.
  • the invention can be applied not only to the structure in which the cap and the cap form a plug connection through the plug port, but also to the structure in which the cap and the cap are threaded through the threaded port, and the cap and the cap are first inserted and matched. Then, the structure of the connection is formed by rotating the lock.
  • the invention has reliable work and convenient use, further improves the safety of the use of the blood collection pen, and plays a positive role in the improvement and development of the blood collection pen.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a blood collection pen of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective exploded view of parts of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a cap of an embodiment of a blood collection pen according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the cap of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a shot rod of an embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of a safety plug of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention (1);
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a safety plug of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention (2);
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention after shooting
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the unloaded state of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 9.
  • Embodiment A blood collection pen for preventing accidental operation of unloading a needle
  • the blood collection pen includes a cap 1, a cap 2, and a needle release lever 6 (see FIGS. 1 and 2, in fact, the blood collection pen further includes other components such as a shooter 4, a launching spring, etc. Etc., since it is not directly related to the present invention, it is not involved here).
  • the cap 1 is a sleeve-type cap of the head of the blood collection pen
  • the cap 2 is a seat body for connecting with the cap 1 at the front portion of the blood collection pen
  • the needle bar 6 is a needle for removing the blood collection needle 3 on the blood collection pen. Pole.
  • the cap 1 and the cap 2 are cooperatively connected by a connection port.
  • the connection port is a plug port 19 (see FIG. 3).
  • the cap 2 is provided with a sliding slot 7 (see FIG. 3).
  • the sliding slot 7 is arranged along the axial direction of the blood collecting pen.
  • the sliding slot 7 is provided with a front limiting surface 8 (see FIG. 10) and a rear limiting surface 9 (see FIG. As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 11), a channel 10 (see Figs. 4, 10 and 11) is provided in front of the chute 7, and the passage 10 leads to the plug port 19 of the cap 1 and the cap 2, and the chute 7
  • a blocking block 11 is provided (see Figs. 3, 10 and 11).
  • a safety bolt 5 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) is disposed in the sliding slot 7, and the safety bolt 5 is a plug body capable of slidingly engaging with the sliding slot 7.
  • the head of the safety bolt 5 is provided with a latch. 12
  • the front part of the plug of the safety bolt 5 is provided with a front abutting surface 13
  • the rear part of the plug body is provided with a rear abutting surface 14, and the distance from the front abutting surface 13 of the safety bolt 5 to the rear abutting surface 14 is smaller than the chute
  • the plug of the safety pin 5 is provided with an elastic body.
  • the elastic body is an elastic piece 15 (see FIGS. 6 and 7), and the elastic piece 15 is an extension of the body of the safety pin 5. body.
  • the elastic body of the needle removing lever 6 corresponding to the safety bolt 5 is provided with a top block 16 (see FIG. 5), and the end of the elastic piece 15 is located on the path of the top block 16 with the needle removing rod 6.
  • the safety bolt 5 In the assembled state, the safety bolt 5 is seated in the sliding slot 7 of the cap 2 and is slidably engaged with the sliding slot 7.
  • the safety bolt 5 has a front end position and a rear end position with respect to the sliding groove 7, in the front end position state.
  • the front abutment surface 13 of the lower safety bolt 5 is in contact with the front limiting surface 8 of the sliding groove 7 (see FIG. 10), and the rear abutment surface 14 of the safety bolt 5 and the rear limit of the sliding groove 7 in the rear end position state. Face 9 contact (see Figure 11).
  • the latch 12 of the head of the safety pin 5 In the front end position, the latch 12 of the head of the safety pin 5 is inserted into the passage 10 in front of the chute 7 and extends into the plug port 19 of the cap 1 and the cap 2 (see Fig. 11).
  • the cap 1 When the cap 1 is coupled to the cap 2 (see FIGS. 8 and 10), the cap 1 presses the latch 12 in the docking port 19 and forces the safety pin 5 to slide rearwardly in the chute 7 to the rear end position, At this time, the shielding block 11 is located beside the end of the elastic piece 15, and blocks the elastic deformation path of the elastic piece 15 in a occupying manner, and the end of the elastic piece 15 also blocks the top block 16 with the needle removing bar in a occupying form. 6 The path of forward movement.
  • the top block 16 corresponding to the needle removing rod 6 at the end of the elastic piece 15 may be provided with a first inclined surface 17 (see FIG. 6). It is also possible to provide a second inclined surface 18 at the end of the top piece 16 of the needle removing lever 6 corresponding to the elastic piece 15 (see Fig. 5).
  • a front limit surface 8 is provided in the chute 7 (see Fig. 10).
  • the rear limiting surface 9 see FIGS. 4 and 11
  • the front abutting surface 13 is provided at the front part of the plug body of the safety bolt 5
  • the rear abutting surface 14 is provided at the rear part of the plug body, which is safe in the front end position state.
  • the front abutment surface 13 of the bolt 5 is in contact with the front limiting surface 8 of the chute 7 (see FIG.
  • a return spring (which may be a tension spring or a compression spring) is provided between the safety pin 5 and the chute 7, and the return spring acts on the sliding direction of the safety pin 5 relative to the sliding groove 7, and is reset.
  • the spring force of the spring forces the safety bolt 5 to be in the forward end position in the chute 7.
  • the cap 1 presses the latch 12 in the docking port 19 and forces the safety pin 5 to slide rearwardly in the chute 7 to the rear end position.
  • the safety bolt 5 is slid forward in the chute 7 to the front end position by the return spring.
  • a return spring (which may be a tension spring or a compression spring) is provided between the safety bolt 5 and the chute 7, while remaining in the chute 7 with a front limiting surface 8 in the safety bolt
  • the front portion of the plug body of 5 is provided with a front abutting surface 13 to constitute a limit of the front end position.
  • the elastic body 15 is used for the elastic body.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the elastic body may be changed to an elastic pin structure composed of a pin body and a pressing spring.
  • the pin body protrudes from the plug body of the safety bolt 5, and the pressing spring acts on the pin body and Between the plugs, the portion of the pin body that protrudes is located in the path in which the top block 16 moves with the needle bar 6.
  • the top end of the elastic piece 15 corresponds to the top block 16 on the needle removing bar 6, and the first inclined surface 17 is provided.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the first inclined surface 17 may be changed to the first curved surface. It also has the same technical effect.
  • the top block 16 of the needle removing lever 6 is provided with the second inclined surface 18 corresponding to the end of the elastic piece 15, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second inclined surface 18 can be changed to the second curved surface, and has the same Technical effect.
  • connection port is the plug port 19, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the connection port theoretically comprises three structural forms, the first type is the plug port 19, the cap 1 and the cap 2 form a plug connection through the plug port 19; the second type is a threaded port, the cap 1 The cap 2 is threaded through the threaded port; the third is a plug-in swivel port through which the cap 1 and the cap 2 form a plug-in swivel connection.

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Abstract

一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔(3)，包括笔帽(1)、帽座(2)以及卸针杆(6)，帽座(2)上设有一滑槽(7)，滑槽(7)前方设有通道通往笔帽(1)与帽座(2)的连接端口，滑槽(7)上设有遮挡块(11)；滑槽(7)中滑动设置一安全栓(5)，安全栓(5)上设有弹性体(15)。当笔帽(1)与帽座(2)连接时，笔帽(1)在连接端口中抵压安全栓(5)，并迫使安全栓(5)在滑槽(7)中处于后端位置，此时遮挡块(11)挡住了弹性体(15)避让的运动路径，迫使弹性体(15)以占位形式阻挡顶块(16)随卸针杆(6)向前运动的路径；当笔帽(1)与帽座(2)分离时，当安全栓(5)在滑槽(7)中处于前端位置时，弹性体(15)离开遮挡块(11)，此时随着卸针杆(6)向前运动，弹性体(15)避让顶块，以此开放顶块随卸针杆(6)向前运动的路径。本申请为了解决现有采血笔在防止误操作卸针安全方面所存在的问题。

Description

一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔 技术领域
本发明涉及医用采血器械，特别涉及一种与一次性采血针配套使用的采血笔。该采血笔能够防止使用者误操作卸针。
背景技术
采血笔是一种与一次性采血针配套使用的采血装置，其中采血笔可重复使用，而采血针为了避免交叉传染仅为一次性使用。采血笔的发展已有数十年历史，其中对采血笔的改进也经历了许多阶段，目前采血笔正逐步走向成熟，但在采血笔的发展历程中，使用的安全性和便利性始终是本领域技术人员关注的问题。
中国专利CN103767713B于2015年4月1日公告授权了一件专利号为2014100688026，名称为《减轻痛感的穿刺装置》的发明专利。该发明专利实际上是一个采血笔结构，该采血笔尽管在降低穿刺时针尖抖动，减少穿刺疼痛感方面具有积极的效果，但从专利文献记载的结构来看，其结构设计明显存在以下不足，即当这种采血笔安装好采血针并且盖上盖帽之后，如果使用者有意或无意(误操作)向前推压尾杆，即使采血笔尚未使用，可以使盖帽和采血针同时卸下。分析其原因主要是这种采血笔结构在安装好采血针的状态下对尾杆缺少安全保护，造成采血笔在使用的安全性和便利性方面存在漏洞。
为此，如何对上述现有技术的不足加以改进，能够有效的防止误操作卸针是本发明研究的课题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔，其目的是要解决背景技术中指出的现有采血笔在防止误操作卸针安全方面所存在的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔，包括笔帽、帽座以及卸针杆，笔帽为采血笔头部的套筒式盖帽，帽座为采血笔前部用来与笔帽连接配合的座体，卸针杆为采血笔上用来卸除采血针的顶杆；所述笔帽与帽座通过连接端口配合连接。
其创新在于：所述帽座上设有一滑槽，滑槽沿采血笔轴向布置，滑槽前方设有通道，该通道向前通往笔帽与帽座的连接端口，滑槽上设有遮挡块。
所述滑槽中安置有一安全栓，该安全栓是一个能够与滑槽进行滑动配合的栓体，所述安全栓的头部设有闩销，安全栓的栓体上设有弹性体。
所述卸针杆上对应安全栓的弹性体设有一顶块，弹性体位于顶块随卸针杆运动的路径上。
在装配状态下，安全栓座落在帽座的滑槽中，并且与滑槽滑动配合，安全栓相对于 滑槽有一个前端位置和一个后端位置，在前端位置状态下安全栓头部的闩销插在滑槽前方的通道中，并且伸入笔帽与帽座的连接端口。
当笔帽与帽座连接时，笔帽在连接端口中抵压闩销，并迫使安全栓在滑槽中处于后端位置，此时所述遮挡块挡住了弹性体避让的运动路径，迫使弹性体以占位形式阻挡顶块随卸针杆向前运动的路径。
当笔帽与帽座分离时，笔帽从连接端口中撤离闩销，当安全栓在滑槽中处于前端位置时，弹性体离开所述遮挡块，此时随着卸针杆向前运动，弹性体避让顶块，以此开放顶块随卸针杆向前运动的路径。
上述技术方案中的有关内容解释如下：
1.上述方案中，所述“前部”、“前方”、“向前”和“前端位置”中“前”的含义是指采血笔的笔头所指方向。所述“后部”、“向后”和“后端位置”、中“后”的含义是指采血笔的笔尾所指方向。“后”是“前”的反方向。
2.上述方案中，所述“轴向”是指采血笔的轴线方向，也是采血笔的笔头与笔尾之间的方向，或者为前后方向。
3.上述方案中，所述连接端口包含以下三种结构类型：第一种为插接端口，在装配状态下笔帽与帽座通过该插接端口形成插拔连接；第二种为螺纹端口，在装配状态下笔帽与帽座通过该螺纹端口形成螺纹连接；第三种为插接转扣端口，在装配状态下笔帽与帽座先通过插接配合，接着再通过旋转锁扣形成连接。
本发明的设计原理和构思是：为了解决现有采血笔在防止误操作卸针安全方面所存在的问题，本发明在笔帽与帽座之间设计了一种安全栓保护结构，该保护结构将安全栓安置在一个事先开设的滑槽中，安全栓上设有弹性体，工作中利用笔帽与帽座的装配和拆卸两种不同状态，来对应卸针杆推压时安全栓在滑槽中的两种不同状态，从而迫使弹性体对应产生以下两种工作状态：第一种是当笔帽与帽座连接时，弹性体以固定占位方式阻挡卸针杆向前运动的路径；第二种是当笔帽与帽座分离时，弹性体以弹性避让方式开放卸针杆向前运动的路径。
由于上述方案的运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点和效果：
1.本发明在功能方面能够有效的防止采血笔安装采血针后和正式使用前这段时间内的误操作卸针，从而彻底解决现有采血笔在防止误操作卸针安全方面所存在的问题。
2.本发明与现有采血笔相比在结构上仅仅增加了一个安全栓零件，其他结构均设计在原有的结构件上。其成本增加很少，其安全功能有了很大改善。
3.本发明利用笔帽与帽座的装配和拆卸两种不同状态，并通过安全栓的对应变化来达到阻断和开放卸针杆向前运动的路径，其设计合理，构思巧妙，具有突出的实质性 特点和显著的进步。
4.本发明不仅可以适用于笔帽与帽座通过插接端口形成插拔连接的结构形式，也适用于笔帽与帽座通过螺纹端口形成螺纹连接的结构形式以及笔帽与帽座先通过插接配合，接着再通过旋转锁扣形成连接的结构形式。
5.本发明工作可靠，使用方便，进一步提升了采血笔使用的安全性，对采血笔的改进和发展起到了积极作用。
附图说明
附图1为本发明采血笔实施例立体图；
附图2为本发明采血笔实施例部分零部件立体分解图；
附图3为本发明采血笔实施例帽座立体图；
附图4为本发明采血笔实施例帽座立体剖视图；
附图5为本发明采血笔实施例射杆立体图；
附图6为本发明采血笔实施例安全栓立体图(一)；
附图7为本发明采血笔实施例安全栓立体图(二)；
附图8为本发明采血笔实施例射击后状态的剖视图；
附图9为本发明采血笔实施例卸针状态的剖视图；
附图10为图8中的A处放大图；
附图11为图9中的B处放大图。
以上附图中：以上附图中：1.笔帽；2.帽座；3.采血针；4.射杆；5.安全栓；6.卸针杆；7.滑槽；8.前限位面；9.后限位面；10.通道；11.遮挡块；12.闩销；13.前抵靠面；14.后抵靠面；15.弹性片；16.顶块；17.第一斜面；18.第二斜面；19.插接端口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例：一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔，
参见图1～图11所示，该采血笔包括笔帽1、帽座2以及卸针杆6(见图1和图2，实际上采血笔还包括其它零部件，比如射杆4、发射弹簧等等，由于与本发明没有直接关系，在此没有涉及)。其中，笔帽1为采血笔头部的套筒式盖帽，帽座2为采血笔前部用来与笔帽1连接配合的座体，卸针杆6为采血笔上用来卸除采血针3的顶杆。所述笔帽1与帽座2通过连接端口配合连接。在本实施例中，所述连接端口为插接端口19(见图3)。
本发明的创新和改进内容如下：
所述帽座2上设有一滑槽7(见图3)，滑槽7沿采血笔轴向布置，滑槽7中设有前 限位面8(见图10)和后限位面9(见图3和图11)，滑槽7前方设有通道10(见图4、图10和图11)，该通道10向前通往笔帽1与帽座2的插接端口19，滑槽7上设有遮挡块11(见图3、图10和图11)。
所述滑槽7中安置有一安全栓5(见图6和图7)，该安全栓5是一个能够与滑槽7进行滑动配合的栓体，所述安全栓5的头部设有闩销12，安全栓5的栓体前部设有前抵靠面13，栓体后部设有后抵靠面14，安全栓5的前抵靠面13至后抵靠面14的距离小于滑槽7的前限位面8至后限位面9的距离。所述安全栓5的栓体上设有设有弹性体，在本实施例中弹性体是一个弹性片15(见图6和图7)，该弹性片15为安全栓5身体上的一个延伸体。
所述卸针杆6上对应安全栓5的弹性体设有一顶块16(见图5)，弹性片15的末端位于顶块16随卸针杆6运动的路径上。
在装配状态下，安全栓5座落在帽座2的滑槽7中，并且与滑槽7滑动配合，安全栓5相对于滑槽7有一个前端位置和一个后端位置，在前端位置状态下安全栓5的前抵靠面13与滑槽7的前限位面8接触(见图10)，在后端位置状态下安全栓5的后抵靠面14与滑槽7的后限位面9接触(见图11)。在前端位置状态下安全栓5头部的闩销12插在滑槽7前方的通道10中，并且伸入笔帽1与帽座2的插接端口19中(见图11)。
当笔帽1与帽座2连接时(见图8和图10)，笔帽1在插接端口19中抵压闩销12，并迫使安全栓5在滑槽7中向后滑动至后端位置，此时所述遮挡块11位于弹性片15的末端旁，并且以占位形式挡住了弹性片15弹性变形的路径，同时弹性片15的末端也以占位形式阻挡了顶块16随卸针杆6向前运动的路径。
当笔帽1与帽座2分离时(见图9和图11)，笔帽1从插接端口19中撤离闩销12，此时向前推压卸针杆6，顶块16通过弹性片15推动安全栓5在滑槽7中向前滑动至前端位置，在此状态下弹性片15的末端离开所述遮挡块11，此时随着卸针杆6向前运动，弹性片15的末端以弹性变形方式避让顶块16，以此开放顶块16随卸针杆6向前运动的路径。
为了使卸针杆6能够有效的迫使弹性片15端以弹性变形方式避让顶块16，可以在弹性片15的末端对应卸针杆6上的顶块16设有第一斜面17(见图6)，也可以在卸针杆6的顶块16对应弹性片15的末端设有第二斜面18(见图5)。
针对上述实施例，本发明可能产生的变化描述如下：
1.以上实施例中，为了控制安全栓5在滑槽7中有一个前端位置和一个后端位置，采用的技术措施是：在滑槽7中设有前限位面8(见图10)和后限位面9(见图4和图11)，在安全栓5的栓体前部设有前抵靠面13，栓体后部设有后抵靠面14，在前端位置 状态下安全栓5的前抵靠面13与滑槽7的前限位面8接触(见图10)，在后端位置状态下安全栓5的后抵靠面14与滑槽7的后限位面9接触(见图11)。但本发明不局限于此，可以采用以下技术手段来取替也具有相同的技术效果：
(1)在安全栓5与滑槽7之间设有复位弹簧(可以是一个拉簧，也可以是一个压簧)，该复位弹簧作用在安全栓5相对滑槽7的滑动方向上，复位弹簧的弹性力迫使安全栓5在滑槽7中处于前端位置。工作时，当笔帽1与帽座2连接时，笔帽1在插接端口19中抵压闩销12，并迫使安全栓5在滑槽7中向后滑动至后端位置。当笔帽1与帽座2分离时，在复位弹簧的作用下安全栓5在滑槽7中向前滑动至前端位置。
(2)在安全栓5与滑槽7之间设有复位弹簧(可以是一个拉簧，也可以是一个压簧)，同时保留在滑槽7中设有前限位面8，在安全栓5的栓体前部设有前抵靠面13，以此构成前端位置的限位。通过这样的配合来实现前端位置和后端位置的限位要求。
2.以上实施例中，所述弹性体采用的是弹性片15。但本发明不局限于此，可以将弹性体改为弹性销结构，该弹性销结构由销体和顶压弹簧组成，销体伸出安全栓5的栓体，顶压弹簧作用在销体与栓体之间，销体伸出的部分位于顶块16随卸针杆6运动的路径上。
3.以上实施例中，弹性片15的末端对应卸针杆6上的顶块16设有第一斜面17，但本发明不局限于此，可以将第一斜面17改为第一弧面，也具有相同的技术效果。以上实施例中，卸针杆6的顶块16对应弹性片15的末端设有第二斜面18，但本发明不局限于此，可以将第二斜面18改为第二弧面，也具有相同的技术效果。
4.以上实施例中，所述连接端口为插接端口19，但本发明不局限于此。在本发明中，连接端口理论上包含三种结构形式，第一种是插接端口19，笔帽1与帽座2通过该插接端口19形成插拔连接；第二种是螺纹端口，笔帽1与帽座2通过该螺纹端口形成螺纹连接；第三种是插接转扣端口，笔帽1与帽座2通过该插接转扣端口形成插接转扣连接。尽管以上实施例仅描述了所述连接端口为插接端口19情况，但本领域技术人员知道，本发明同样适用于其它两种结构形式的连接端口。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防止误操作卸针的采血笔，包括笔帽(1)、帽座(2)以及卸针杆(6)，笔帽(1)为采血笔头部的套筒式盖帽，帽座(2)为采血笔前部用来与笔帽(1)连接配合的座体，卸针杆(6)为采血笔上用来卸除采血针(3)的顶杆；所述笔帽(1)与帽座(2)通过连接端口配合连接；
    其特征在于：所述帽座(2)上设有一滑槽(7)，滑槽(7)沿采血笔轴向布置，滑槽(7)前方设有通道(10)，该通道(10)向前通往笔帽(1)与帽座(2)的连接端口，滑槽(7)上设有遮挡块(11)；
    所述滑槽(7)中安置有一安全栓(5)，该安全栓(5)是一个能够与滑槽(7)进行滑动配合的栓体，所述安全栓(5)的头部设有闩销(12)，安全栓(5)的栓体上设有弹性体；所述卸针杆(6)上对应安全栓(5)的弹性体设有一顶块(16)，弹性体位于顶块(16)随卸针杆(6)运动的路径上；
    在装配状态下，安全栓(5)座落在帽座(2)的滑槽(7)中，并且与滑槽(7)滑动配合，安全栓(5)相对于滑槽(7)有一个前端位置和一个后端位置，在前端位置状态下安全栓(5)头部的闩销(12)插在滑槽(7)前方的通道(10)中，并且伸入笔帽(1)与帽座(2)的连接端口；
    当笔帽(1)与帽座(2)连接时，笔帽(1)在连接端口中抵压闩销(12)，并迫使安全栓(5)在滑槽(7)中处于后端位置，此时所述遮挡块(11)挡住了弹性体避让的运动路径，迫使弹性体以占位形式阻挡顶块(16)随卸针杆(6)向前运动的路径；
    当笔帽(1)与帽座(2)分离时，笔帽(1)从连接端口中撤离闩销(12)，当安全栓(5)在滑槽(7)中处于前端位置时，弹性体离开所述遮挡块(11)，此时随着卸针杆(6)向前运动，弹性体避让顶块(16)，以此开放顶块(16)随卸针杆(6)向前运动的路径。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述弹性体为弹性片(15)，该弹性片(15)为安全栓(5)身体上的一个延伸体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述滑槽(7)中设有前限位面(8)和后限位面(9)；所述安全栓(5)的栓体前部设有前抵靠面(13)，栓体后部设有后抵靠面(14)，安全栓(5)的前抵靠面(13)至后抵靠面(14)的距离小于滑槽(7)的前限位面(8)至后限位面(9)的距离；在前端位置状态下安全栓(5)的前抵靠面(13)与滑槽(7)的前限位面(8)接触，在后端位置状态下安全栓(5)的后抵靠面(14)与滑槽(7)的后限位面(9)接触。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述安全栓(5)与滑槽(7)之间设有复 位弹簧，该复位弹簧作用在安全栓(5)相对滑槽(7)的滑动方向上，复位弹簧的弹性力迫使安全栓(5)在滑槽(7)中处于前端位置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述弹性片(15)的末端对应卸针杆(6)上的顶块(16)设有第一斜面(17)或第一弧面；或者所述卸针杆(6)的顶块(16)对应弹性片(15)的末端设有第二斜面(18)或第二弧面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述弹性体为弹性销结构，该弹性销结构由销体和顶压弹簧组成，销体伸出安全栓(5)的栓体，顶压弹簧作用在销体与栓体之间，销体伸出的部分位于顶块(16)随卸针杆(6)运动的路径上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述滑槽(7)中设有前限位面(8)和后限位面(9)；所述安全栓(5)的栓体前部设有前抵靠面(13)，栓体后部设有后抵靠面(14)，安全栓(5)的前抵靠面(13)至后抵靠面(14)的距离小于滑槽(7)的前限位面(8)至后限位面(9)的距离；在前端位置状态下安全栓(5)的前抵靠面(13)与滑槽(7)的前限位面(8)接触，在后端位置状态下安全栓(5)的后抵靠面(14)与滑槽(7)的后限位面(9)接触。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述安全栓(5)与滑槽(7)之间设有复位弹簧，该复位弹簧作用在安全栓(5)相对滑槽(7)的滑动方向上，复位弹簧的弹性力迫使安全栓(5)在滑槽(7)中处于前端位置。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述弹性片(15)的末端对应卸针杆(6)上的顶块(16)设有第一斜面(17)或第一弧面；或者所述卸针杆(6)的顶块(16)对应弹性片(15)的末端设有第二斜面(18)或第二弧面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述连接端口为插接端口(19)，所述笔帽(1)与帽座(2)通过该插接端口(19)形成插拔连接；或者所述连接端口为螺纹端口，所述笔帽(1)与帽座(2)通过该螺纹端口形成螺纹连接；或者所述连接端口为插接转扣端口，所述笔帽(1)与帽座(2)通过该插接转扣端口形成插接转扣连接。
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