WO2019080821A1 - 一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔 - Google Patents

一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔

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Publication number
WO2019080821A1
WO2019080821A1 PCT/CN2018/111337 CN2018111337W WO2019080821A1 WO 2019080821 A1 WO2019080821 A1 WO 2019080821A1 CN 2018111337 W CN2018111337 W CN 2018111337W WO 2019080821 A1 WO2019080821 A1 WO 2019080821A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blood collection
needle
tail
rod
depth adjustment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/111337
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
施国平
霍斯特曼·安东尼·斯科特
Original Assignee
苏州施莱医疗器械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州施莱医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 苏州施莱医疗器械有限公司
Publication of WO2019080821A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019080821A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medical blood collection device, in particular to a blood collection pen used in combination with a disposable blood collection needle.
  • the blood collection pen can directly use the tail pull handle and unload the needle, and the operation is simple and the degree of automation is high.
  • the blood collection pen is a blood collection device used in conjunction with a disposable blood collection needle, wherein the blood collection pen can be reused, and the blood collection needle is only used for one-time use in order to avoid cross infection.
  • the development of the blood collection pen has been for decades, and the improvement of the blood collection pen has also gone through many stages. At present, the blood collection pen is gradually maturing, but in the development process of the blood collection pen, how to improve the convenience of the blood collection pen operation and users Feeling and user experience have been a concern of those skilled in the art.
  • the Chinese patent CN205083489U announced that it has granted a patent for the utility model patent number 201520742270.X, entitled “A retractable needleless painless blood collection pen".
  • the patent has made beneficial improvements in improving the ejection speed and reducing the pain of puncture, it has achieved positive results.
  • the needle bar cannot be automatically reset, and needs to be manually dialed back.
  • the upper and lower needles are respectively operated on two parts, and cannot be operated on one part.
  • the invention provides a blood collection pen which utilizes a tail puller and a needle for unloading.
  • the purpose of the invention is to improve the convenience of the operation of the blood collection pen and to improve the user experience and the user experience, thereby solving the operation performance of the existing blood collection pen pointed out in the background art. There are problems.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a blood collection pen using a tail puller and a needle, including a casing, a shooting rod, a launching spring, a needle removing lever and a tail puller.
  • the outer casing is a casing of a blood collection pen, and an ejection cavity is disposed in the outer casing.
  • the shooter is a launching component capable of mounting a blood collection needle, the shooter being located within the ejection cavity.
  • the launching spring is located between the shooting rod and the outer casing and acts on the ejection direction of the shooting rod.
  • the upper rod is locked and unlocked between the shooting rod and the outer casing.
  • the needle removing rod is a ejector rod for removing the blood collecting needle on the blood collecting pen, and the needle removing rod is provided with an action portion for pushing the blood collecting needle to unload the needle.
  • the tail puller is a handle for setting the top of the shot rod for the tail of the blood collection pen.
  • the innovation is that the tail puller is used as a handle for the upper jaw and the needle, and is slidably connected in the axial direction of the blood collection pen with respect to the outer casing, and a tail pull-return spring is arranged between the tail handle and the outer casing.
  • the tail pull needle return spring acts on the axial direction of the blood collection pen, and in the assembled state, the tail puller is forced to move backward relative to the outer casing.
  • the tail puller is used as a handle for the upper jaw and the needle, and is fixedly connected to the needle release rod or positioned in the axial direction of the blood collection pen, and the needle release rod slides in the axial direction of the blood collection pen relative to the shot rod.
  • a rod returning spring is arranged between the needle removing rod and the rod, and the rod returning spring acts on the axial direction of the blood collecting pen, and in the assembled state, the needle removing rod is forced to move forward relative to the rod, thereby driving the tail handle relative to the outer casing Move forward.
  • the launching spring, the tail pull-return return spring and the shooter return spring are both under pressure, and the tail puller is in an initial equilibrium position in the axial direction of the blood collection pen; in the use state, when When the tail puller is pulled backward, the shooter returns the spring to move the shooter backwards until the upper jaw, and after the tail puller is released, the tail puller automatically returns to a locked balance position under the action of the shooter return spring; after the shooter is fired, When the tail puller is pushed forward, the action part on the needle release lever pushes the blood collection needle to unload the needle, and after the tail pull handle is released, the tail puller automatically returns to the initial equilibrium position under the action of the tail pull pull return spring.
  • the meaning of "front” in the “forward”, “front end” and “front” refers to the direction indicated by the tip of the blood collection pen or the direction in which the blood collection needle is fired.
  • the meaning of “rear” in the “backward”, “backward” and “rear” refers to the direction indicated by the tail of the blood collection pen or the opposite direction of the shooting direction of the blood collection needle.
  • the "axial direction” refers to the axial direction of the blood collection pen, and is also the direction of the rays connecting the tip of the blood collection pen to the end of the pen, or the front-rear direction.
  • the "circumferential direction” refers to the circumferential direction of the blood collection pen.
  • the "radial direction” refers to the diameter direction of the blood collection pen and also the lateral and width directions of the blood collection pen.
  • the "positioning connection” refers to a connection relationship between the tail pull handle and the needle release lever. This connection relationship allows a rotational connection between the tail pull handle and the needle release lever, but in the blood collection pen The axial direction cannot slide between the two.
  • the outer casing is provided with a depth adjustment outer casing and a depth adjustment inner sleeve, and the main body of the depth adjustment outer casing and the depth adjustment inner sleeve are sleeve structures.
  • the shooting rod is located in the depth adjusting middle sleeve, and the depth adjusting jacket is set outside the depth adjusting middle sleeve, the axial center of the shooting rod is provided with a through hole, and the front portion of the needle removing rod is disposed in the through hole of the shooting rod, a shooter return spring is disposed in a radial sandwich space between the shooter and the needle remover, the tail puller return spring being disposed in a radial sandwich space between the depth adjustment jacket and the depth adjustment sleeve, The launching spring is disposed in the space between the depth adjusting middle sleeve and the shooting rod, so that the launching spring, the tail puller returning spring and the rod returning spring are separated from each other.
  • the design principle and technical idea of the present invention are: in order to improve the convenience of the operation of the blood collection pen and to improve the user experience and user experience, thereby solving the problems in the operation performance of the existing blood collection pen pointed out in the background art, the present invention will be exclusively used for
  • the tail pull handle of the upper jaw is associated with the needle release lever dedicated to the needle unloading by a fixed connection or a positioning connection, and then a tail pull pull return spring is disposed between the tail pull handle and the outer casing, and a shot is placed between the discharge needle rod and the shot rod.
  • the rod return spring, ultimately through the firing spring, the tail pull-return spring and the rod return spring are all under compression, so that the tail puller and the shot rod are always in equilibrium position in the axial direction of the blood collection pen to achieve the object of the present invention.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:
  • the invention not only enables the tail puller to have both the upper jaw and the unloading needle, but also solves the problem of the automatic return of the tail pull handle and the automatic return after the needle unloading.
  • the invention has strong adaptability, and is not only suitable for different interface forms between the cap and the cap (the formation of the plug port, the formation of the threaded port, and the first form of the connection by the plug and the rotation, and then the connection by the rotary lock). It is also suitable for a blood collection pen with a puncture depth adjustment structure and a blood collection pen without a puncture depth adjustment structure.
  • the invention has good process manufacturability, reliable work and convenient use, further improves the operation performance of the blood collection pen, and plays an active role in the improvement and development of the blood collection pen.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a blood collection pen of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective exploded view of an embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a cap of an embodiment of a blood collection pen according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the needle removing rod of the embodiment of the blood collecting pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the outer casing of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the depth adjustment middle sleeve of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the elastic bridge structure of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another elastic bridge structure of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of a shooting rod of an embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the assembled state of the shooting rod, the blood collecting needle and the shooting rod locking bolt of the embodiment of the blood collecting pen of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the assembly state of the shooting rod, the blood collection needle, the shooting rod locking bolt and the button of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the assembled state of the needle removing lever and the tail puller of the embodiment of the blood collecting pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of a depth adjustment outer casing of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a view showing the initial assembly state of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a state diagram of the cap of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a view showing a state in which a blood collection pen according to an embodiment of the present invention is loaded into a blood collection needle;
  • Figure 17 is a view showing a state in which the blood collection needle of the present invention is directly pressed against the blood collection needle after being loaded into the blood collection needle;
  • Figure 18 is a view showing a state in which the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention is loaded into a blood collection needle by using a tail pull handle;
  • Figure 19 is a retracted state diagram of the tail handle of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention under the action of a rod return spring;
  • Figure 20 is a diagram showing the state of pressing the button after rotating the manual adjustment ring to the appropriate gear position according to the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention
  • Figure 21 is a diagram showing the state of emission of the shooting rod of the embodiment of the blood collection pen according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 20;
  • Figure 23 is an enlarged view of B of Figure 21;
  • Figure 24 is a diagram showing the state of the rod resetting of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a view showing a state in which the cap of the blood collection pen is removed according to the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a diagram showing the initial state of recovery of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Example A blood collection pen using a tail pull and a needle
  • the blood collection pen comprises a cap 1, a cap 2, a shooter 6, a safety bolt 24, a casing 17, a plunger locking bolt 26, a button 23, a pen holder 25, a shooter return spring 28,
  • the tail pull needle return spring 29, the launch spring 30, the needle release lever 27, the depth adjustment middle sleeve 9, the depth adjustment outer sleeve 8 and the tail pull handle 22 are formed (see Fig. 2).
  • the cap 1 is a sleeve-type cap of the head of the blood collection pen, and the front end of the cap 1 is provided with a blood collection end face 3 for contacting the blood collection site of the human body.
  • the cap 2 is a seat body for connecting and engaging with the cap 1 at the front portion of the blood collection pen, and the cap 1 and the cap 2 are cooperatively connected through the connection port 4.
  • the connection port 4 is a plug port (see FIG. 3), and the cap 1 and the cap 2 form a plug connection through the plug port.
  • the shooting rod 6 is an emitting member capable of mounting the blood collecting needle 5, and the shooting rod 6 is provided with an active impact surface 7.
  • the head of the shooting rod 6 is provided with a needle holder 31 for mounting the blood collection needle 5, and the active impact surface 7 is disposed on the tail side of the shooting rod 6 (see Fig. 9).
  • the shot stop latch 26 is mounted on the shooter 6 (see Figure 10).
  • the shooter 6 to which the shooter lock bolt 26 is assembled is used to cooperate with the button 23 to constitute a locking and unlocking structure of the shooter 6 (see Fig. 11).
  • the shooter 6 and the shooter lock pin 26 are of a separate structure, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and both may be designed as a unitary structure (not shown).
  • the outer casing 17 is a casing of a blood collection pen (see FIG.
  • the outer casing 17 and the cap 2 are fixedly connected, but the outer casing 17 and the cap 2 may also be designed as an integrally formed structure.
  • the safety pin 24 is fitted in a chute on the cap 2 to prevent mishandling of the needle during use. Since this structure is independent of the puncture depth post adjustment of the present invention, it will not be described in detail herein.
  • the tail puller 22 is a pull handle provided at the tail of the blood collection pen for driving the upper pole of the shooter 6 (see FIG. 12).
  • the needle removing lever 27 is a top rod for removing the blood collecting needle 5 on the blood collecting pen (see FIG.
  • the needle removing rod 27 is provided with an action portion for pushing the blood collecting needle 5 to unload the needle.
  • the launching spring 30 is located between the shooting rod 6 and the outer casing 17 and acts on the ejection direction of the shooting rod 6, and an upper jaw locking and unlocking structure is provided between the shooting rod 6 and the outer casing 17.
  • the tail puller 22 serves as a handle for the upper jaw and the needle, and is slidably coupled to the outer casing 17 in the axial direction of the blood collection pen, and a tail pull return spring 29 is provided between the tail puller 22 and the outer casing 17. (See Fig. 14), the tail pull-return spring 29 acts on the axial direction of the blood collection pen, and in the assembled state, the tail puller 22 is forced to move rearward relative to the outer casing 17.
  • the tail puller 22 serves as a handle for the upper and lower needles, and on the other hand is fixedly coupled to the needle release lever 27 (see FIG. 12), and the needle release lever 27 slides in the axial direction of the blood collection pen relative to the shooter 6.
  • a needle return spring 28 (see FIG. 14) is provided between the needle removing lever 27 and the shooting rod 6, and the rod return spring 28 acts on the axial direction of the blood collecting pen, and in the assembled state, the needle removing lever 27 is forced relative to the shooting rod. 6 moves forward, thereby causing the tail puller 22 to move forward relative to the outer casing 17.
  • the launch spring 30 tail puller return spring 29 and the shooter return spring 28 are both under compression and the tail puller 22 is in an initial equilibrium position in the axial direction of the blood collection pen (see Figure 14).
  • the shooter return spring 28 drives the shooter 6 to move backward until the upper jaw, and after the tail puller 22 is released, the tail puller 22 is automatically applied by the shooter return spring 28.
  • the outer casing 17 is provided with a depth adjustment outer casing 8 (see FIG. 13) and a depth adjustment inner sleeve 9 (see FIG. 6), and the main body of the depth adjustment outer casing 8 and the depth adjustment middle sleeve 9 are both Sleeve structure.
  • the shooting rod 6 is located in the depth adjusting middle sleeve 9, and the depth adjusting outer sleeve 8 is set outside the depth adjusting middle sleeve 9.
  • the axial center of the shooting rod 6 is provided with a through hole, and the front portion of the needle removing rod 27 is disposed on the shooting rod 6
  • the shooter return spring 28 is disposed in a radial interlayer space between the shooter 6 and the needle removing lever 27 (see FIG. 14)
  • the tail puller return spring 29 is disposed in the depth adjusting jacket.
  • the launching spring 30 is disposed in the space between the depth adjusting sleeve 9 and the shooting rod 6 (see FIG. 14).
  • the launch spring 30, the tail pull-return return spring 29, and the shooter return spring 28 are separated from each other.
  • the depth adjustment outer casing 8 is rotationally coupled with respect to the outer casing 17 in the circumferential direction of the blood collection pen while being positioned in the axial direction of the blood collection pen.
  • an annular groove (see FIG. 13) is provided on the outer edge of the depth adjustment casing 8, and a rib is provided on the inner edge of the outer casing 17, and the rib is engaged with the annular groove. It is also possible to exchange the two, that is, to provide a rib on the outer edge of the depth adjustment casing 8, and to provide an annular groove on the inner edge of the outer casing 17.
  • the depth adjustment casing 8 is provided with a manual adjustment ring 10, which is a sleeve of the rear portion of the depth adjustment casing 8 (see FIG. 13).
  • the depth adjustment casing 8 is provided with a rotary positioning groove 11 (see FIG. 13), and the cap base 2 is provided with a rotary positioning block 12 (see FIG. 3).
  • the rotary positioning groove 11 is a plurality of grooves spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the blood collection pen.
  • the body, the rotary positioning block 12 is a block body corresponding to the rotary positioning groove 11, and the rotary positioning groove 11 and the rotary positioning block 12 cooperate to form a rotational positioning mechanism of the depth adjustment outer casing 8 with respect to the outer casing 17 in the circumferential direction of the blood collection pen.
  • the rotary positioning block 12 is provided on the depth adjustment outer casing 8
  • the rotary positioning groove 11 is provided on the cap base 2. Since the cap 2 and the outer casing 17 are in a fixed connection relationship in the assembled state, the rotary positioning groove 11 or the rotary positioning block 12 can also be provided on the cap 2 instead of being disposed on the outer casing 17 (as long as the structure permits) .
  • the depth adjustment middle sleeve 9 is positioned in a circumferential direction with respect to the outer casing 17 in the circumferential direction of the blood collection pen, and is slidably connected in the axial direction of the blood collection pen.
  • a limiting slot 18 (see FIG. 6) is disposed on the sleeve 9 in the depth adjustment, and a limiting block is disposed on the cap 2, and the limiting slot 18 is arranged along the axial direction of the blood collecting pen.
  • the limiting slot 18 cooperates with the limiting block.
  • the limiting slot 18 and the limiting block is arranged on the sleeve 9 in the depth adjustment, and the limiting slot 18 is arranged on the cap 2 . Since the cap 2 and the outer casing 17 are in a fixed connection relationship in the assembled state, the limiting groove 18 or the limiting block can also be provided on the cap 2 instead of being disposed on the outer casing 17.
  • the active adjustment surface 7 corresponding to the active adjustment surface 7 of the depth adjustment sleeve 9 is provided with a passive impact surface 13 (see Fig. 7).
  • the depth adjustment middle sleeve 9 is provided with a spiral groove 14 (see FIG.
  • the depth adjustment outer casing 8 is provided with a driving block 15 (see FIG. 13).
  • the driving block 15 is a block body corresponding to the spiral groove 14, and a spiral groove
  • the engagement with the drive block 15 constitutes a movement mechanism of the depth adjustment intermediate sleeve 9 relative to the outer casing 17 in the axial direction of the blood collection pen. It is also possible to exchange the arrangement positions of both the spiral groove 14 and the driving block 15, that is, the driving block 15 is provided on the sleeve 9 in the depth adjustment, and the spiral groove 14 is provided in the depth adjusting casing 8.
  • the depth adjustment middle sleeve 9 is a tubular member, and the main structure of the tubular member is a circular tube (see Fig. 6). At least two pairs of dividing grooves 19 (see FIG. 6) are laterally opened on the outer edge of the tubular member, and each pair of dividing grooves 19 is formed by two grooves in the axial direction of the pipe body, and all pairs are divided.
  • the slots 19 are circumferentially spaced apart along the outer edge of the depth adjusting sleeve 9 in the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the sleeve 9 in the depth adjustment, and the slot body is radially penetrated through the depth adjusting sleeve 9 in the tube body.
  • each pair of dividing grooves 19 isolates the pipe wall located at the middle portion into an elastic bridge 20, and the two ends of the elastic bridge 20 are integrally connected with the depth adjusting middle sleeve 9, and the bridge arch of the elastic bridge 20 is independent of the depth adjustment sleeve 9
  • the passive impact surface 13 is disposed on the bridge arch or the bridge arch extension body, and is a side surface of the bridge arch or the bridge arch extension body on the side of the active impact surface 7 to constitute an elastic bridge buffer structure.
  • the bridge arch body is an inner bump 16 (see FIG.
  • the passive impact surface 13 is a side of the inner bump 16 on the side of the active impact surface 7
  • the active impact surface 7 collides with the passive impact surface 13 inside the depth adjustment sleeve 9 .
  • the tail puller 22 is composed of a sleeve and a core rod disposed in the sleeve (see FIG. 14).
  • the sleeve is connected to the mandrel at the tail end of the tail puller 22; in the assembled state, the sleeve is inserted into the depth adjustment jacket 8 and An axial sliding fit is formed in the radial sandwich space between the depth adjusting middle sleeves 9, and the tail pull needle return spring 29 is located at the front of the radial sandwich space between the depth adjusting outer sleeve 8 and the depth adjusting middle sleeve 9, tail pull
  • the front end of the unloading return spring 29 is pressed against the end surface of the depth adjusting outer sleeve 8 or the depth adjusting middle sleeve 9, and the rear end of the tail pull return return spring 29 is pressed against the sleeve; the front end of the core rod is provided with an inserting hole
  • the tail portion of the needle removing lever 27 is inserted into the insertion hole of the
  • Figure 14 is a view showing the initial assembled state of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention. The relative position and relationship between the components in the initial assembled state can be seen in FIG.
  • Figure 15 is a view showing the state of the cap of the blood collection pen of the present invention. In the state in which the cap is removed, the cap 1 is removed, and the relative positions and relationships between the other components are the same as those in Fig. 14.
  • Figure 16 is a view showing a state in which the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention is loaded into a blood collection needle.
  • the lancet 5 is inserted into the hub 31 of the plunger 6 in the state in which the lancet is loaded.
  • Figure 17 is a view showing a state in which the blood collection needle of the present invention is directly pressed against the blood collection needle after being loaded into the blood collection needle. In this state, as long as the lancet 5 is directly pressed in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 17, the shooter 6 is simultaneously compressing the launch spring 30, and the shooter 6 is locked on the button 23 by the shooter lock pin 26, and finally the cap 1 is closed. .
  • Figure 18 is a view showing the state in which the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention is loaded into the blood collection needle using the tail pull handle.
  • the cap 1 may be capped first, and then the cap is pulled by the tail puller 22.
  • the specific process is: pulling the tail puller 22 backwards, driving the needle release lever 27 to move backward, the needle release lever 27 compresses the shooter return spring 28 during the backward movement and accumulates energy, and drives the shooter 6 when the energy storage reaches the limit point. Moving backwards, the shooter 6 compresses the launch spring 30 during the rearward movement until the shooter 6 is locked on the button 23 by the shooter lock bolt 26.
  • Figure 19 is a view showing a state in which the tail handle of the blood collection pen embodiment of the present invention is retracted under the action of the rod return spring 28.
  • the tail puller 22 is released, the tail puller 22 is moved forward by the shooter return spring 28 until the shooter return spring 28 is balanced with the tail puller return spring 29, and the tail puller 22 stays in the lock balance position. At this point, the tail pulls the hand to finish.
  • Puncture depth adjustment can be performed in this state, or it can be adjusted in advance. In general, it should be adjusted before formal blood collection.
  • the puncture depth is adjusted by rotating the manual adjustment ring 10 on the depth adjustment casing 8.
  • the depth adjustment casing 8 drives the depth adjustment middle sleeve 9 in the axial direction of the blood collection pen relative to the outer casing 17 by the cooperation of the driving block 15 and the spiral groove 14. Thereby, the distance between the blood collection end face 3 and the passive impact face 13 in the axial direction of the blood collection pen is changed, thereby adjusting the penetration depth of the needle tip.
  • Figure 20 is a view showing a state in which the button 23 is pressed after the manual adjustment ring 10 is rotated to the appropriate position by the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 20. In this state, the button 23 forces the shooter 6 and the shooter lock pin 26 to be unhooked.
  • Figure 21 is a view showing a state in which the shooting rod 6 of the blood collection pen embodiment of the present invention is pushed by the firing spring 30.
  • Figure 23 is an enlarged view of a portion B of Figure 21 .
  • the launching spring 30 pushes the shooter 6 and the lancet 5 to move forward.
  • the shooter 6 and the lancet 5 first compress the shooter return spring 28 during the forward motion launching, when the compression shooter return spring 28
  • the tail puller 22 is moved forward by the needle release lever 27 to launch the puncture.
  • Figure 24 is a view showing a state in which the shooting rod 6 of the blood collection pen embodiment of the present invention is reset.
  • the shooter return spring 28 causes the shooter 6 to move backward, and finally, after the resonance, the shooter 6 stops at the initial equilibrium position.
  • the shooter return spring 28, the launch spring 30, and the tail puller return spring 29 are in equilibrium.
  • Figure 25 is a view showing a state in which the cap 1 of the present invention is removed from the cap of the blood collection pen and the puncture handle 22 is removed.
  • the tail puller 22 is pushed forward in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure to force the blood collection needle 5 to be removed from the needle holder 31 of the shooter 6, and the tail pull return spring 29 is compressed.
  • Figure 26 is a view showing the initial state of recovery of the embodiment of the blood collection pen of the present invention. In this state, under the action of the tail pull-up return spring 29, the tail puller 22 is reset, and then the cap 1 is closed, that is, the initial assembled state is restored.
  • the passive impact surface 13 is disposed on the inner bump 16 (see Fig. 7) extending inwardly of the inner side of the bridge of the elastic bridge 20 of the depth adjusting sleeve 9.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the passive impact surface 13 may be disposed on the outer protrusion 22 (see FIG. 8) extending outwardly of the bridge of the elastic bridge 20, and the passive impact surface 13 is an external bump 22 that is actively struck.
  • the active impact surface 7 collides with the passive impact surface 13 outside the depth adjustment sleeve 9 .
  • the passive impact surface 13 is provided on the elastic bridge 20 of the depth adjustment middle sleeve 9, thereby constituting the elastic bridge buffer structure.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and an elastic bridge buffer structure may not be used, that is, an inner bump 16 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 9 in the depth adjustment, and the passive impact surface 13 is an end surface of the inner bump 16 on the side of the active impact surface 7 .
  • the active impact surface 7 is provided on the moving path of the side of the shooting rod 6 or the lancet 5 corresponding to the passive impact surface 13.
  • the active impact surface 7 is provided on the side of the tail of the shooter 6.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the active impact surface 7 can be designed on the blood collection needle 5.
  • the depth adjusting middle sleeve 9 is a tubular member, and the main structure of the tubular member is a circular tube (see Fig. 6).
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the shape of the cross-section adjusting sleeve 9 may be rectangular, triangular, polygonal, and irregular, etc., such as a square tube, a rectangular tube, a triangular tube, and a polygonal tube.
  • connection port 4 is a plug port (see Fig. 3).
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the connection port 4 may be a threaded port through which the cap 1 and the cap 2 are screwed.
  • the connection port 4 can also be a plug-in swivel port, and the cap 1 and the cap 2 form a plug-in swivel connection through the plug-in swivel port.

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Abstract

一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔，包括外壳（17）、射杆（6）、发射弹簧（30）、卸针杆（27）以及尾拉手（22）；将现有技术中专用于上膛的尾拉手（22）与专用于卸针的卸针杆（27）通过固定连接或定位连接关联起来，然后在尾拉手（22）与外壳（17）之间设置尾拉卸针复位弹簧（29），同时在卸针杆（27）与射杆（6）之间设置射杆复位弹簧（28），最终通过发射弹簧（30）、尾拉卸针复位弹簧（29）和射杆复位弹簧（28）均处于受压状态，使得尾拉手（22）和射杆（6）在采血笔轴向始终处于平衡位置。该采血笔不仅使尾拉手（22）同时具有上膛和卸针两种作用，而且卸针杆（27）卸针后可以自动回位，提高了采血笔操作的便利性，改善用户体验。

Description

一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔 技术领域
本发明涉及医用采血器械，特别涉及一种与一次性采血针配套使用的采血笔。该采血笔可以直接利用尾拉手上膛和卸针，操作简便，自动程度高。
背景技术
采血笔是一种与一次性采血针配套使用的采血装置，其中采血笔可重复使用，而采血针为了避免交叉传染仅为一次性使用。采血笔的发展已有数十年历史，其中对采血笔的改进也经历了许多阶段，目前采血笔正逐步走向成熟，但在采血笔的发展历程中，如何提高采血笔操作的便利性及用户感受和用户体验一直是本领域技术人员关注的问题。
中国专利CN205083489U公告授权了一件专利号为201520742270.X，名称为《一种可退针式无痛采血笔》的实用新型专利。该专利尽管在提高弹射速度，减轻穿刺疼痛感方面做出了有益的改进，并取得了积极效果。但在操作的便利性及用户感受和用户体验方面仍存在明显不足。比如，利用卸针杆推送卸针后卸针杆不能自动复位，需要手动拨回，再者安装采血针后上膛和卸针分别在两个部件上进行操作，不能合在一个部件上操作。长期以来，对于一只重复使用的采血笔来说，卸除笔帽安装采血针以及按压发射是乎已成为使用中习惯性规定动作，而使用中对上膛和卸针操作却可以体现一只采血笔操作性能及用户感受。为此，如何针对现有技术进行改进，从而提高采血笔操作的便利性以及改善用户感受和用户体验是本发明需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔，其目的是要提高采血笔操作的便利性以及改善用户感受和用户体验，从而解决背景技术中指出的现有采血笔操作性能方面所存在的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔，包括外壳、射杆、发射弹簧、卸针杆以及尾拉手。
所述外壳为采血笔的壳体，外壳内设有一弹射腔。
所述射杆为一个能够安装采血针的发射部件，射杆位于弹射腔内。
所述发射弹簧位于射杆与外壳之间，并作用在射杆的弹射方向上，射杆与外壳之间设有上膛锁定和解锁结构。
所述卸针杆为采血笔上用来卸除采血针的顶杆，卸针杆上设有用于顶推采血针卸针的作用部。
所述尾拉手为采血笔尾部设置的用来带动射杆上膛的拉手。
其创新在于：所述尾拉手作为一种用于上膛和卸针的拉手，一方面相对于外壳在采 血笔轴向上滑动连接，而且尾拉手与外壳之间设有尾拉卸针复位弹簧，该尾拉卸针复位弹簧作用在采血笔轴向，在装配状态下迫使尾拉手相对外壳向后移动。
所述尾拉手作为一种用于上膛和卸针的拉手，另一方面与卸针杆固定连接或者在采血笔轴向上定位连接，而卸针杆相对于射杆在采血笔轴向上滑动连接，卸针杆与射杆之间设有射杆复位弹簧，该射杆复位弹簧作用在采血笔轴向，在装配状态下迫使卸针杆相对射杆向前移动，从而带动尾拉手相对外壳向前移动。
在初始装配状态下，所述发射弹簧、尾拉卸针复位弹簧和射杆复位弹簧均处于受压状态，并使得尾拉手在采血笔轴向上处于一个初始平衡位置；在使用状态下，当向后拉动尾拉手时，通过射杆复位弹簧带动射杆向后移动直至上膛，松开尾拉手后在射杆复位弹簧作用下尾拉手自动回位至一个锁定平衡位置；在射杆发射之后，当向前推送尾拉手时，卸针杆上的作用部顶推采血针卸针，松开尾拉手后在尾拉卸针复位弹簧作用下尾拉手自动恢复至所述初始平衡位置。
本发明的有关内容解释如下：
1.在本发明中，所述“向前”、“前端”和“前部”中“前”的含义是指采血笔的笔尖所指方向或采血针的射击方向。所述“向后”、“后端”和“后部”中“后”的含义是指采血笔的笔尾所指方向或采血针射击方向的反方向。
2.在本发明中，所述“轴向”是指采血笔的轴线方向，也是采血笔的笔尖与笔尾之间连线的射线方向，或者为前后方向。所述“周向”是指采血笔的圆周方向。所述“径向”是指采血笔的直径方向，也是采血笔的横向和宽度方向。
3.在本发明中，所述“定位连接”是指尾拉手与卸针杆之间的一种连接关系，这种连接关系允许尾拉手与卸针杆之间存在转动连接，但在采血笔的轴向上两者之间不能滑动。
4.在本发明中，所述外壳上设有一个深度调节外套和一个深度调节中套，深度调节外套和深度调节中套的主体均为套筒结构。
射杆位于深度调节中套内，深度调节外套套装于深度调节中套外，射杆的轴向中心设有一个通孔，卸针杆的前部穿设在射杆的通孔中，所述射杆复位弹簧安置于射杆与卸针杆之间的径向夹层空间中，所述尾拉卸针复位弹簧安置于深度调节外套与深度调节中套之间的径向夹层空间中，所述发射弹簧安置于深度调节中套与射杆之间的空间中，以此使得发射弹簧、尾拉卸针复位弹簧和射杆复位弹簧三者之间相互隔离。
本发明设计原理和技术构思是：为了提高采血笔操作的便利性以及改善用户感受和用户体验，从而解决背景技术中指出的现有采血笔操作性能方面所存在的问题，本发明将原来专用于上膛的尾拉手与专用于卸针的卸针杆通过固定连接或定位连接关联起来，然后在尾拉手与外壳之间设置尾拉卸针复位弹簧，同时在卸针杆与射杆之间设置射杆复位弹簧， 最终通过发射弹簧、尾拉卸针复位弹簧和射杆复位弹簧均处于受压状态，使得尾拉手和射杆在采血笔轴向始终处于平衡位置来实现本发明的目标。
由于上述方案的运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点和效果：
1.本发明在功能方面，不仅使尾拉手同时具有上膛和卸针两种作用，而且解决了尾拉手上膛后的自动回位和卸针杆卸针后的自动回位问题。
2.本发明在结构方面，仅增加了一个弹簧(现有技术一般采用两个弹簧，其中，一个是发射弹簧，另一个是尾拉手复位弹簧)，在连接关系方面将尾拉手与卸针杆通过固定连接或定位连接进行关联，从而提高了采血笔操作的便利性以及改善了用户感受和用户体验，其设计合理，构思巧妙，具有突出的实质性特点和显著的进步。
3.本发明适应性强，不仅适用于笔帽与帽座之间的不同接口形式(插接端口形成、螺纹端口形成以及先通过插接配合，接着再通过旋转锁扣形成连接的结构形式)，也适用于具有穿刺深度调节结构的采血笔和不具穿刺深度调节结构的采血笔。
5.本发明具有较好的工艺制造性，而且工作可靠，使用方便，进一步提升了采血笔操作性能，对采血笔的改进和发展起到了积极作用。
附图说明
附图1为本发明采血笔实施例立体图；
附图2为本发明采血笔实施例立体分解图；
附图3为本发明采血笔实施例帽座立体图；
附图4为本发明采血笔实施例卸针杆立体图；
附图5为本发明采血笔实施例外壳立体图；
附图6为本发明采血笔实施例深度调节中套立体图；
附图7为本发明采血笔实施例弹性桥结构剖面图；
附图8为本发明采血笔实施例另一种弹性桥结构剖面图；
附图9为本发明采血笔实施例射杆立体图；
附图10为本发明采血笔实施例射杆、采血针及射杆锁定栓装配状态立体图；
附图11为本发明采血笔实施例射杆、采血针、射杆锁定栓及按钮装配状态立体图；
附图12为本发明采血笔实施例卸针杆及尾拉手装配状态立体图；
附图13为本发明采血笔实施例深度调节外套立体图；
附图14为本发明采血笔实施例初始装配状态图；
附图15为本发明采血笔实施例卸除笔帽状态图；
附图16为本发明采血笔实施例装入采血针状态图；
附图17为本发明采血笔实施例装入采血针后直接按压采血针上膛状态图；
附图18为本发明采血笔实施例装入采血针利用尾拉手上膛状态图；
附图19为本发明采血笔实施例尾拉手在射杆复位弹簧作用下回缩状态图；
附图20为本发明采血笔实施例转动手动调节圈到合适档位后按下按钮状态图；
附图21为本发明采血笔实施例射杆在发射弹簧推动下发射状态图；
附图22为图20的A处放大图；
附图23为图21的B处放大图；
附图24为本发明采血笔实施例射杆复位状态图；
附图25为本发明采血笔实施例卸除笔帽，推尾拉手卸除采血针状态图；
附图26为本发明采血笔实施例恢复初始状态图。
以上附图中：1.笔帽；2.帽座；3.采血端面；4.连接端口；5.采血针；6.射杆；7.主动撞击面；8.深度调节外套；9.深度调节中套；10.手动调节圈；11.旋转定位槽；12.旋转定位块；13.被动撞击面；14.螺旋槽；15.驱动块；16.内凸块；17.外壳；18.限位槽；19.分割槽；20.弹性桥；21.外凸块；22.尾拉手；23.按钮；24.安全栓；25.笔夹；26.射杆锁定栓；27.卸针杆；28.射杆复位弹簧；29.尾拉卸针复位弹簧；30.发射弹簧；31.针座。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例：一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔
如图1～图14所示，该采血笔由笔帽1、帽座2、射杆6、安全栓24、外壳17、射杆锁定栓26、按钮23、笔夹25、射杆复位弹簧28、尾拉卸针复位弹簧29、发射弹簧30、卸针杆27、深度调节中套9、深度调节外套8和尾拉手22组成(见图2)。
所述笔帽1为采血笔头部的套筒式盖帽，笔帽1前端设有用来接触人体采血部位的采血端面3。所述帽座2为采血笔前部用来与笔帽1连接配合的座体，笔帽1与帽座2通过连接端口4配合连接。在本实施例中，连接端口4为插接端口(见图3)，所述笔帽1与帽座2通过该插接端口形成插拔连接。所述射杆6为一个能够安装采血针5的发射部件，射杆6上设有主动撞击面7。在本实施例中，射杆6的头部设有针座31，用于安装采血针5，主动撞击面7布置在射杆6的尾部侧面(见图9)。射杆锁定栓26装配在射杆6上(见图10)。装配好射杆锁定栓26的射杆6用来与按钮23配合，从而构成射杆6的锁定和解锁结构(见图11)。在本实施例中，射杆6与射杆锁定栓26为分体结构，但本发明不局限于此，也可以将两者设计成一体结构(未给出图示)。所述外壳17为采血笔的壳体(见图5)，外壳17内设有一弹射腔，射杆6位于弹射腔内。外壳17与帽座2为固定连接，但也可以将外壳17与帽座2设计为一体成型结构。安全栓24装配在帽座2上的一个滑槽中，在使用中用来防止误操作卸针。由于该结构与本发明穿刺深度后置调节无关，在此不再详细描述。 所述尾拉手22为采血笔尾部设置的用来带动射杆6上膛的拉手(见图12)。所述卸针杆27为采血笔上用来卸除采血针5的顶杆(见图4)，卸针杆27上设有用于顶推采血针5卸针的作用部。所述发射弹簧30位于射杆6与外壳17之间，并作用在射杆6的弹射方向上，射杆6与外壳17之间设有上膛锁定和解锁结构。
本发明的创新内容描述如下：
所述尾拉手22作为一种用于上膛和卸针的拉手，一方面相对于外壳17在采血笔轴向上滑动连接，而且尾拉手22与外壳17之间设有尾拉卸针复位弹簧29(见图14)，该尾拉卸针复位弹簧29作用在采血笔轴向，在装配状态下迫使尾拉手22相对外壳17向后移动。
所述尾拉手22作为一种用于上膛和卸针的拉手，另一方面与卸针杆27固定连接(见图12)，而卸针杆27相对于射杆6在采血笔轴向上滑动连接，卸针杆27与射杆6之间设有射杆复位弹簧28(见图14)，该射杆复位弹簧28作用在采血笔轴向，在装配状态下迫使卸针杆27相对射杆6向前移动，从而带动尾拉手22相对外壳17向前移动。
在初始装配状态下，所述发射弹簧30尾拉卸针复位弹簧29和射杆复位弹簧28均处于受压状态，并使得尾拉手22在采血笔轴向上处于一个初始平衡位置(见图14)；在使用状态下，当向后拉动尾拉手22时，通过射杆复位弹簧28带动射杆6向后移动直至上膛，松开尾拉手22后在射杆复位弹簧28作用下尾拉手22自动回位至一个锁定平衡位置；在射杆6发射之后，当向前推送尾拉手22时，卸针杆27上的作用部顶推采血针5卸针，松开尾拉手22后在尾拉卸针复位弹簧29作用下尾拉手22自动恢复至所述初始平衡位置。
在本实施例中，所述外壳17上设有一个深度调节外套8(见图13)和一个深度调节中套9(见图6)，深度调节外套8和深度调节中套9的主体均为套筒结构。
射杆6位于深度调节中套9内，深度调节外套8套装于深度调节中套9外，射杆6的轴向中心设有一个通孔，卸针杆27的前部穿设在射杆6的通孔中，所述射杆复位弹簧28安置于射杆6与卸针杆27之间的径向夹层空间中(见图14)，所述尾拉卸针复位弹簧29安置于深度调节外套8与深度调节中套9之间的径向夹层空间中(见图14)，所述发射弹簧30安置于深度调节中套9与射杆6之间的空间中(见图14)，以此使得发射弹簧30、尾拉卸针复位弹簧29和射杆复位弹簧28三者之间相互隔离。
所述深度调节外套8相对于外壳17在采血笔的周向上为转动连接，同时在采血笔的轴向上为定位连接。在本实施例中，具体是：在深度调节外套8的外缘上设置环形凹槽(见图13)，而在外壳17的内缘上设置凸筋，凸筋与环形凹槽配合。也可以将两者进行交换，即在深度调节外套8的外缘上设置凸筋，而在外壳17的内缘上设置环形凹槽。深度调节外套8上设有手动调节圈10，手动调节圈10为深度调节外套8中后部的一段套筒(见图13)，在装配状态下手动调节圈10外露在采血笔的中部外侧或后部外侧，以便使用者手动旋转调 节。深度调节外套8上设有旋转定位槽11(见图13)，而帽座2上设有旋转定位块12(见图3)，旋转定位槽11为间隔分布在采血笔周向上的若干个槽体，旋转定位块12为对应旋转定位槽11配置的块状体，旋转定位槽11与旋转定位块12配合构成深度调节外套8相对于外壳17在采血笔的周向上的旋转定位机构。也可以将旋转定位槽11和旋转定位块12两者的设置位置进行交换，即在深度调节外套8上设置旋转定位块12，而帽座2上设置旋转定位槽11。由于帽座2与外壳17在装配状态下为固定连接关系，因此旋转定位槽11或旋转定位块12也可以由设在帽座2上，改为设在外壳17上(只要结构允许即可)。
所述深度调节中套9相对于外壳17在采血笔的周向上为定位连接，同时在采血笔的轴向上为滑动连接。在本实施例中，具体是：在深度调节中套9上设置限位槽18(见图6)，而在帽座2上设置限位块，限位槽18沿采血笔的轴向布置，限位槽18与限位块配合。也可以将限位槽18和限位块两者的设置位置进行交换，即在深度调节中套9上设置限位块，而帽座2上设置限位槽18。由于帽座2与外壳17在装配状态下为固定连接关系，因此限位槽18或限位块也可以由设在帽座2上，改为设在外壳17上。深度调节中套9上对应所述主动撞击面7设有被动撞击面13(见图7)。深度调节中套9上设有螺旋槽14(见图6)，而深度调节外套8上设有驱动块15(见图13)，驱动块15为对应螺旋槽14配置的块状体，螺旋槽14与驱动块15配合构成深度调节中套9相对于外壳17在采血笔的轴向上的移动机构。也可以将螺旋槽14和驱动块15两者的设置位置进行交换，即在深度调节中套9上设置驱动块15，而在深度调节外套8上设置螺旋槽14。
所述深度调节中套9为一管形构件，该管形构件的主体结构为圆管(见图6)。在该管形构件的外缘上沿管体横向开设有至少两对分割槽19(见图6)，每对分割槽19由两个槽体在管体轴向相隔布置而成，所有对分割槽19沿深度调节中套9外缘周向相隔布置，所述槽体在深度调节中套9外缘周向的开口小于180度，而且槽体在管体径向贯穿深度调节中套9的管壁，每对分割槽19将位于中间部分的管壁隔离成弹性桥20，弹性桥20的两端与深度调节中套9连成一体，弹性桥20的桥拱相对深度调节中套9独立，所述被动撞击面13设在桥拱或者桥拱延伸体上，而且是桥拱或者桥拱延伸体靠主动撞击面7一侧的侧面，以此构成弹性桥缓冲结构。在本实施例中，所述桥拱延伸体为桥拱内侧向内延伸的内凸块16(见图7)，所述被动撞击面13为内凸块16靠主动撞击面7一侧的侧面，所述主动撞击面7在深度调节中套9内侧与被动撞击面13碰撞配合。
尾拉手22由套筒和设在套筒内的芯棒组成(见图14)，套筒与芯棒在尾拉手22的尾部相连；在装配状态下，套筒插装在深度调节外套8与深度调节中套9之间的径向夹层空间中形成轴向滑动配合，尾拉卸针复位弹簧29位于深度调节外套8与深度调节中套9之间的径向夹层空间的前部，尾拉卸针复位弹簧29的前端抵压在深度调节外套8或深度调节 中套9端面上，尾拉卸针复位弹簧29的后端抵压在套筒上；所述芯棒前端设有插装孔，所述卸针杆27的尾部安插在芯棒前端设有插装孔中形成固定连接或定位连接。
为了更好地了解本发明中各零部件之间的相对位置和关系，下面结合使用状态对本发明采血笔进行描述：
1.初始装配状态
附图14表示本发明采血笔实施例初始装配状态图。在初始装配状态下各零部件之间的相对位置和关系可以从图14中看出。
2.卸除笔帽状态
附图15表示本发明采血笔实施例卸除笔帽状态图。在卸除笔帽状态下，笔帽1被卸除，其他各零部件之间的相对位置和关系与图14相同。
3.装入采血针状态
附图16表示本发明采血笔实施例装入采血针状态图。在装入采血针状态下，采血针5插装在射杆6的针座31。
4.1利用采血针上膛状态
附图17表示本发明采血笔实施例装入采血针后直接按压采血针上膛状态图。在此状态下，只要按照图17箭头所指方向直接按压采血针5，射杆6在压缩发射弹簧30同时，射杆6通过射杆锁定栓26被锁定在按钮23上，最后盖上笔帽1。
4.2利用尾拉手上膛状态
附图18表示本发明采血笔实施例装入采血针利用尾拉手上膛状态图。在此状态下，如果不采用直接按压采血针5上膛的方式，也可以先盖上笔帽1，然后利用尾拉手22的方式进行上膛。具体过程是：向后拉动尾拉手22，带动卸针杆27向后移动，卸针杆27在向后移动过程中压缩射杆复位弹簧28并且蓄能，蓄能到极限点时带动射杆6向后移动，射杆6在向后移动过程中，压缩发射弹簧30，直至射杆6通过射杆锁定栓26被锁定在按钮23上为止。
附图19表示本发明采血笔实施例尾拉手在射杆复位弹簧28作用下回缩状态图。松开尾拉手22时，尾拉手22在射杆复位弹簧28作用下向前移动，直到射杆复位弹簧28与尾拉卸针复位弹簧29平衡为止，尾拉手22停留在锁定平衡位置上。至此，尾拉手上膛完成。
5.调节穿刺深度状态
穿刺深度调节可以在此状态进行，也可以事先调节好，总之应在正式采血之前调节好。穿刺深度调节的方式是：转动深度调节外套8上的手动调节圈10，深度调节外套8通过驱动块15与螺旋槽14的配合带动深度调节中套9相对于外壳17在采血笔轴向移动，从而改变采血端面3与被动撞击面13之间在采血笔轴向的距离，以此调节针尖穿刺深度。
6.按下按钮状态
附图20表示本发明采血笔实施例转动手动调节圈10到合适档位后按下按钮23状态图。附图22为图20的A处放大图。在此状态下，按钮23迫使射杆6及射杆锁定栓26脱钩。
7.射杆和采血针发射状态
附图21表示本发明采血笔实施例射杆6在发射弹簧30推动下发射状态图。附图23为图21的B处放大图。在此状态下，发射弹簧30推动射杆6及采血针5向前运动，射杆6及采血针5在向前运动发射过程中，先压缩射杆复位弹簧28，当压缩射杆复位弹簧28到极限点时通过卸针杆27带动尾拉手22向前运动，发射穿刺。
8.射杆复位状态
附图24表示本发明采血笔实施例射杆6复位状态图。在此状态下，当射杆6上的主动撞击面7碰撞到被动撞击面13后，射杆复位弹簧28带动射杆6向后运动，最后经过谐振后射杆6停止在初始平衡位置上。在初始平衡位置上射杆复位弹簧28、发射弹簧30和尾拉卸针复位弹簧29三者处于平衡状态。
9.卸除采血针状态
附图25表示本发明采血笔实施例卸除笔帽1，推尾拉手22卸除采血针5状态图。在此状态下，先按图中箭头所指方向向前推动尾拉手22迫使采血针5从射杆6的针座31中卸除，同时尾拉卸针复位弹簧29被压缩。
10.恢复初始状态
附图26表示本发明采血笔实施例恢复初始状态图。在此状态下，在尾拉卸针复位弹簧29作用下，尾拉手22复位，然后盖上笔帽1，即恢复初始装配状态。
针对上述实施例，本发明可能产生的变化描述如下：
1.以上实施例中，被动撞击面13设在深度调节中套9的弹性桥20桥拱内侧向内延伸的内凸块16(见图7)上。本发明不局限于此，也可以将被动撞击面13设在弹性桥20桥拱外侧向外延伸的外凸块22(见图8)，所述被动撞击面13为外凸块22靠主动撞击面7一侧的侧面，所述主动撞击面7在深度调节中套9外侧与被动撞击面13碰撞配合。
2.以上实施例中，被动撞击面13设在深度调节中套9的弹性桥20上，以此构成弹性桥缓冲结构。本发明不局限于此，可以不采用弹性桥缓冲结构，即在深度调节中套9的内壁上设有内凸块16，被动撞击面13为内凸块16靠主动撞击面7一侧的端面。所述主动撞击面7设在射杆6或采血针5侧部对应被动撞击面13的运动路径上。
3.以上实施例中，主动撞击面7设在射杆6尾部侧面上。本发明不局限于此，可以将主动撞击面7设计在采血针5上。
4.以上实施例中，深度调节中套9为一管形构件，该管形构件的主体结构为圆管(见 图6)。本发明不局限于此，除了圆管而外，深度调节中套9截面形状还可以是矩形、三角形、多边形以及异形等等，比如可以方管、矩形管、三角形管以及多边形管。
5.以上实施例中，连接端口4为插接端口(见图3)。本发明不局限于此，所述连接端口4可以为螺纹端口，所述笔帽1与帽座2通过该螺纹端口形成螺纹连接。连接端口4还可以为插接转扣端口，所述笔帽1与帽座2通过该插接转扣端口形成插接转扣连接。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种利用尾拉手上膛和卸针的采血笔，包括外壳(17)、射杆(6)、发射弹簧(30)、卸针杆(27)以及尾拉手(22)；
    所述外壳(17)为采血笔的壳体，外壳(17)内设有一弹射腔；
    所述射杆(6)为一个能够安装采血针(5)的发射部件，射杆(6)位于弹射腔内；
    所述发射弹簧(30)位于射杆(6)与外壳(17)之间，并作用在射杆(6)的弹射方向上，射杆(6)与外壳(17)之间设有上膛锁定和解锁结构；
    所述卸针杆(27)为采血笔上用来卸除采血针(5)的顶杆，卸针杆(27)上设有用于顶推采血针(5)卸针的作用部；
    所述尾拉手(22)为采血笔尾部设置的用来带动射杆(6)上膛的拉手；
    其特征在于：所述尾拉手(22)作为一种用于上膛和卸针的拉手，一方面相对于外壳(17)在采血笔轴向上滑动连接，而且尾拉手(22)与外壳(17)之间设有尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)，该尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)作用在采血笔轴向，在装配状态下迫使尾拉手(22)相对外壳(17)向后移动；
    所述尾拉手(22)作为一种用于上膛和卸针的拉手，另一方面与卸针杆(27)固定连接或者在采血笔轴向上定位连接，而卸针杆(27)相对于射杆(6)在采血笔轴向上滑动连接，卸针杆(27)与射杆(6)之间设有射杆复位弹簧(28)，该射杆复位弹簧(28)作用在采血笔轴向，在装配状态下迫使卸针杆(27)相对射杆(6)向前移动，从而带动尾拉手(22)相对外壳(17)向前移动；
    在初始装配状态下，所述发射弹簧(30)、尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)和射杆复位弹簧(28)均处于受压状态，并使得尾拉手(22)在采血笔轴向上处于一个初始平衡位置；在使用状态下，当向后拉动尾拉手(22)时，通过射杆复位弹簧(28)带动射杆(6)向后移动直至上膛，松开尾拉手(22)后在射杆复位弹簧(28)作用下尾拉手(22)自动回位至一个锁定平衡位置；在射杆(6)发射之后，当向前推送尾拉手(22)时，卸针杆(27)上的作用部顶推采血针(5)卸针，松开尾拉手(22)后在尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)作用下尾拉手(22)自动恢复至所述初始平衡位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述外壳(17)上设有一个深度调节外套(8)和一个深度调节中套(9)，深度调节外套(8)和深度调节中套(9)的主体均为套筒结构；
    射杆(6)位于深度调节中套(9)内，深度调节外套(8)套装于深度调节中套(9)外，射杆(6)的轴向中心设有一个通孔，卸针杆(27)的前部穿设在射杆(6)的通孔中，所述射杆复位弹簧(28)安置于射杆(6)与卸针杆(27)之间的径向夹层空间中，所述尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)安置于深度调节外套(8)与深度调节中套(9)之间的径向夹层空 间中，所述发射弹簧(30)安置于深度调节中套(9)与射杆(6)之间的空间中，以此使得发射弹簧(30)、尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)和射杆复位弹簧(28)三者之间相互隔离。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的采血笔，其特征在于：所述深度调节外套(8)相对于外壳(17)在采血笔的周向上为转动连接，同时在采血笔的轴向上为定位连接；深度调节外套(8)上设有手动调节圈(10)，手动调节圈(10)为深度调节外套(8)中后部的一段套筒，在装配状态下手动调节圈(10)外露在采血笔的中部外侧或后部外侧，以便使用者手动旋转调节；深度调节外套(8)与帽座(2)或外壳(17)两者中，一者上设有旋转定位槽(11)，另一者上设有旋转定位块(12)，旋转定位槽(11)为间隔分布在采血笔周向上的若干个槽体，旋转定位块(12)为对应旋转定位槽(11)配置的块状体，旋转定位槽(11)与旋转定位块(12)配合构成深度调节外套(8)相对于外壳(17)在采血笔的周向上的旋转定位机构；
    所述深度调节中套(9)相对于外壳(17)在采血笔的周向上为定位连接，同时在采血笔的轴向上为滑动连接；深度调节中套(9)上对应所述主动撞击面(7)设有被动撞击面(13)；深度调节中套(9)与深度调节外套(8)两者中，一者上设有螺旋槽(14)，另一者上设有驱动块(15)，驱动块(15)为对应螺旋槽(14)配置的块状体，螺旋槽(14)与驱动块(15)配合构成深度调节中套(9)相对于外壳(17)在采血笔的轴向上的移动机构；在装配状态下，转动深度调节外套(8)上的手动调节圈(10)，带动深度调节中套(9)相对于外壳(17)在采血笔轴向移动，从而改变采血端面(3)与被动撞击面(13)之间在采血笔轴向的距离，以此调节针尖穿刺深度。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的采血笔，其特征在于：尾拉手(22)由套筒和设在套筒内的芯棒组成，套筒与芯棒在尾拉手(22)的尾部相连；在装配状态下，套筒插装在深度调节外套(8)与深度调节中套(9)之间的径向夹层空间中形成轴向滑动配合，尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)位于深度调节外套(8)与深度调节中套(9)之间的径向夹层空间的前部，尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)的前端抵压在深度调节外套(8)或深度调节中套(9)端面上，尾拉卸针复位弹簧(29)的后端抵压在套筒上；所述芯棒前端设有插装孔，所述卸针杆(27)的尾部安插在芯棒前端设有插装孔中形成固定连接或定位连接。
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