WO2021189688A1 - 活检装置及其击发解锁机构、取样行程调整机构和上弦击发方法 - Google Patents

活检装置及其击发解锁机构、取样行程调整机构和上弦击发方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021189688A1
WO2021189688A1 PCT/CN2020/097977 CN2020097977W WO2021189688A1 WO 2021189688 A1 WO2021189688 A1 WO 2021189688A1 CN 2020097977 W CN2020097977 W CN 2020097977W WO 2021189688 A1 WO2021189688 A1 WO 2021189688A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
firing
sliding block
slider
mounting frame
elastic barb
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/097977
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2021189688A9 (zh
Inventor
胡超宇
高占强
Original Assignee
普昂(杭州)医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 普昂(杭州)医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 普昂(杭州)医疗科技有限公司
Priority to EP20926968.7A priority Critical patent/EP4129201A4/en
Publication of WO2021189688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021189688A1/zh
Publication of WO2021189688A9 publication Critical patent/WO2021189688A9/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A61B10/0241Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments for prostate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A61B10/0266Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample
    • A61B10/0275Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample with sample notch, e.g. on the side of inner stylet
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B2010/0208Biopsy devices with actuators, e.g. with triggered spring mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical equipment, and relates to a biopsy device for biopsy sampling, in particular to a multifunctional and fully automatic biopsy device and its firing unlocking mechanism, a sampling stroke adjusting mechanism and a winding firing method.
  • the biopsy device is a medical device, which is suitable for sampling and aspirating cells from various organs such as liver, kidney, lung, prostate, breast, and thyroid. It has the characteristics of simple and quick operation, convenient use and rapid sampling.
  • the patent document with the publication number CN104797200 discloses a biopsy device.
  • the document discloses a biopsy device that includes a cutting cannula mechanism with a cutting cannula and an internal stylet mechanism with an internal stylet.
  • the needle is coaxial with the cutting cannula.
  • the firing mechanism is configured to fire the cutting cannula mechanism and the inner stylet mechanism by returning each cutting cannula and the inner stylet to the firing position in the proximal direction.
  • the trigger device is configured to fire at least one of the inner stylet mechanism and the cutting cannula mechanism so as to advance the corresponding at least one of the inner stylet and the cutting cannula in the distal direction from the firing position.
  • the selector assembly includes a selector switch that has an external tab that can be reached by the user.
  • the selector component is configured to select between at least two user-selectable operating modes and at least two user-selectable transmission distances.
  • the biopsy devices currently on the market also have certain shortcomings.
  • the firing device is not highly reliable and cannot be fired or is difficult to fire; the firing device is not designed with a safety button, which is prone to accidental firing; internal, External needle linkage firing, customer feedback sampling effect is not ideal; and, fully automatic needle can not be single-handed, requiring both hands to wind the string, the operation is cumbersome; the product has only one firing position / firing button, can not be held horizontally, it is inconvenient to use, etc. .
  • there is generally only one sampling stroke full stroke sampling or full tank sampling). When only a small amount of tissue needs to be sampled, it is necessary to replace the biopsy device with a shorter sampling stroke, which causes inconvenience and increased use cost.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biopsy device and its firing unlocking mechanism, sampling stroke adjusting mechanism and winding firing method, which have reasonable structure, convenient and comfortable operation, and certain cost advantages.
  • a biopsy device includes a needle core, a needle tube, and an operating handle for manipulating the needle core needle tube for biopsy sampling.
  • the operating handle includes a mounting frame.
  • a first sliding block, a first firing spring, and a second sliding block are arranged in the mounting frame. Block and the second firing spring, the rear end of the needle tube is fixedly connected with the first sliding block, the rear end of the needle core is fixedly connected with the second sliding block after passing through the needle tube and the first sliding block, and the front end of the first firing spring is connected with the first sliding block.
  • the sliding block abuts, the rear end of the first firing spring abuts against the mounting frame, the front end of the second firing spring abuts against the second sliding block, and the rear end of the second firing spring abuts against the mounting frame;
  • the mounting frame is also provided for A winding firing mechanism that drives the first and second sliders to move back to lock the positioning and compresses and accumulates the first and second firing springs, used to unlock the first and/or second sliders Positioned firing and unlocking mechanism.
  • the winding firing mechanism includes a first winding button and a second winding button.
  • the first winding button is connected to the first sliding block and can drive the first sliding block to move backward.
  • the first sliding block is provided with a first elastic Barb, the first sliding block is moved backwards into position through the first elastic barb and the first locking part arranged on the mounting frame is hooked and locked to achieve winding, and the second winding button is connected with the second sliding block and can be driven
  • the second sliding block moves backwards, and a second elastic barb is provided on the second sliding block. After the second sliding block moves back into position, the second elastic barb hooks and locks the second locking part provided on the mounting frame. Stop to achieve winding.
  • the front part of the mounting frame is provided with a first slide
  • the first slider and the first firing spring are installed in the first slide
  • the rear of the mounting frame is provided with a second slide
  • the second slide and the second firing spring Installed in the second slideway, the front end of the first slideway, the rear end of the second slideway, and the first slideway and the second slideway are all provided with blocking parts, so that the first slide is restricted to the first slideway.
  • the second sliding block is restricted to slide in the second slideway;
  • the mounting frame is provided with a first locking portion and a second locking portion, the first locking portion is a convex locking position, and the first locking
  • the front side of the stop part is provided with a slope surface for urging the first elastic barb on the first slider to elastically contract and deform, and the rear side of the first locking part is capable of engaging and locking with the free end of the first elastic barb
  • the second locking part is a convex locking position, and the front side of the second locking part is provided with a slope surface for urging the second elastic barb on the second slider to elastically contract and deform.
  • the rear side of the locking part is an engaging surface that can be engaged with and locked with the free end of the second elastic barb;
  • a handle housing is fixed on the outside of the mounting frame, and the first winding button and the second winding button are arranged on the handle housing
  • the front end of the first winding button is arranged side by side on the left and right, the extension arm of the first winding button extending into the handle housing is connected with the first sliding block to be able to push the first sliding block backward, and the second winding button extends into the extension arm and the second sliding block in the handle housing.
  • the sliding block is connected to be able to push the second sliding block backward, and the extension arm of the first winding button and the extension arm of the second winding button are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting frame.
  • the front end of the first slider is provided with a first shock-absorbing washer
  • the front end of the second slider is provided with a second shock-absorbing washer
  • the firing link is pushed by a rear firing button or a side firing button exposed outside the handle housing, and the rear firing button or the side firing button and the firing link are integrally formed or fixedly fitted.
  • a firing unlocking mechanism of a biopsy device includes a mounting frame.
  • the mounting frame is provided with a first slider, a first firing spring, a second slider, a second firing spring, and a firing connecting rod.
  • the end is fixedly connected, the front end of the first firing spring abuts against the first sliding block, the rear end of the first firing spring abuts against the mounting frame, the first sliding block is provided with a first elastic barb, and the first sliding block moves backward into position Then the first elastic barb is hooked and locked with the first locking part provided on the mounting frame to achieve winding;
  • the second sliding block is fixedly connected with the rear end of the needle core, and the front end of the second firing spring is connected to the second sliding block Abut, the rear end of the second firing spring abuts against the mounting frame, the second slider is provided with a second elastic barb, and the second slider moves backwards into position through the second elastic barb and the second elastic barb provided on the mounting frame
  • the two locking parts are hooked and locked to achieve winding; wherein
  • the elastic barb locks the winding with the locking part on the mounting frame
  • the firing link has nothing to do with the locking of the winding, which not only makes the locking stable and reliable, but also makes the firing smooth and labor-saving.
  • the firing link pushes the two elastic barbs to release the lock through the two firing parts respectively, which not only realizes the linkage of the two sliders to fire in sequence, but also makes it easy to adjust the time interval between successive firings of the designed needle core needle tube. Fully guarantee good sampling effect, simple structure, convenient use and reliable operation.
  • the first locking portion is a convex locking position
  • the front side of the first locking portion is provided with a slope surface for urging the first elastic barb on the first sliding block to elastically contract and deform
  • the first locking portion The rear side of the first elastic barb is a locking surface that can be locked and locked with the free end of the first elastic barb
  • the second locking part is a convex locking position
  • the front side of the second locking part is provided with a second sliding block for urging
  • the second elastic barb on the upper side produces a slope surface that is elastically contracted and deformed
  • the rear side of the second locking portion 88 is an engaging surface capable of engaging and locking with the free end of the second elastic barb.
  • the firing link is provided with a first firing part and a second firing part. Both the first firing part and the second firing part are slope-shaped. Correspondingly, the first elastic barb and the second elastic barb are respectively There is a slope that matches the first firing part and the second firing part; when the firing link moves forward and backward to perform firing, the second firing part first pushes the second elastic barb on the second slider to produce elastic contraction and deformation It is separated from the second locking part so that the second sliding block connected with the needle core is unlocked and fired, and then the first firing part pushes the first elastic barb of the first sliding block to produce elastic contraction and deformation and lock with the first The stop part is separated so that the first slider connected with the needle tube is unlocked and fired.
  • a reset part is provided on the firing connecting rod, and a reset spring is provided between the reset part and the mounting frame; wherein, the mounting frame is provided with a reset spring space and a fifth slide, and the reset spring is restricted in the reset spring space.
  • the reset spring space is connected to the fifth slide, and the reset part on the firing link is inserted in the fifth slide and can move back and forth.
  • a biopsy device includes a firing unlocking mechanism of the biopsy device as described above.
  • a sampling stroke adjustment mechanism of a biopsy device includes a mounting frame.
  • a first slider, a first firing spring, a second slider and a second firing spring are arranged in the mounting frame, and the first slider is fixedly connected with the rear end of the needle tube , The front end of the first firing spring abuts against the first slider, the rear end of the first firing spring abuts against the mounting frame, the first slider is provided with a first elastic barb, the first slider moves backwards and passes through the An elastic barb is hooked and locked with the first locking part provided on the mounting frame to achieve winding; the second sliding block is fixedly connected with the rear end of the needle core, and the front end of the second firing spring abuts against the second sliding block.
  • the rear end of the second firing spring abuts against the mounting frame, the second sliding block is provided with a second elastic barb, and the second sliding block is moved backwards into position through the second elastic barb and is locked with the second lock set on the mounting frame Part hooks and locks to achieve winding; wherein, the first sliding block and the second sliding block are respectively connected to the mounting frame back and forth slidingly, and the two are arranged in tandem; characterized in that, it also includes a function for releasing the first sliding block and/ Or a firing link for locking and positioning of the second slider, and a sampling stroke adjustment component, the sampling stroke adjustment component is provided with a hooking boss, the sampling stroke adjustment component is movable and has at least two locked states and unlocked states In this state, when the sampling stroke adjustment component is in the locked state, the hooking boss is arranged on the front and back movement path of the first elastic barb on the first slider, and the first elastic barb can be hooked and positioned with the hooking boss In this way, the winding lock is realized.
  • the firing link is provided with a first firing part and a second firing part. Both the first firing part and the second firing part are slope-shaped. Correspondingly, the first elastic barb and the second elastic barb are respectively There is a slope that matches the first firing part and the second firing part; when the firing link moves forward and backward to perform firing, the second firing part first pushes the second elastic barb on the second slider to produce elastic contraction and deformation It is separated from the second locking part so that the second sliding block connected with the needle core is unlocked and fired, and then the first firing part pushes the first elastic barb of the first sliding block to produce elastic contraction and deformation and lock with the first The stop part is separated so that the first slider connected with the needle tube is unlocked and fired.
  • the sampling stroke adjustment component is hinged to the mounting frame and can swing up and down, the sampling stroke adjustment component has a hooking boss and a release part, and an elastic member urges the sampling stroke adjustment component to rotate and allows the hooking boss to enter The forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb on the first sliding block; the first elastic barb of the first sliding block moves backward and is hooked and positioned by the hooking boss to realize the winding lock, and the first sliding block is locked in this
  • the position is set, only part of the sampling groove of the needle core can expose the needle tube; the front end of the firing link is provided with an ejector part.
  • the hooking boss exits the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb.
  • the pushing portion is located on one side of the first firing portion, the contact surface of the pushing portion and the releasing portion is a slope or a curved surface, and the contact surface of the releasing portion and the pushing portion is a slope or a curved surface.
  • the pushing portion and the first locking portion are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first firing portion, the pushing portion is located on the left or right side of the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb, and the width of the free end of the first elastic barb Greater than the width of the pusher.
  • the sampling stroke adjustment component is in the shape of a rod extending back and forth, and the left and right sides of the sampling stroke adjustment component are provided with hinge parts, which are inserted into the hinge holes on the mounting frame to realize the connection between the sampling stroke adjustment part and the mounting frame.
  • the elastic member is a torsion spring sleeved on the hinge part, one end of the torsion spring abuts against the mounting frame, the other end of the torsion spring abuts against the front end of the sampling stroke adjustment component, and the release part is located at the rear end of the sampling stroke adjustment component.
  • a biopsy device includes a sampling stroke adjustment mechanism of the biopsy device as described above, and the mounting frame is also provided with a first slider and a second slider for driving the first sliding block and the second sliding block to move backward and lock the positioning and first firing spring And a winding firing mechanism that compresses and accumulates a second firing spring;
  • the winding firing mechanism includes a first winding button and a second winding button, the first winding button is connected to the first sliding block and can drive the first sliding block to move backward, The second winding button is connected with the second sliding block and can drive the second sliding block to move backward.
  • the winding firing method of the above-mentioned biopsy device performing full stroke sampling includes the following steps:
  • the first winding button drives the first sliding block to move backward to compress the first firing spring until the first elastic barb on the first sliding block is locked, and the first sliding The block and the needle tube are wound;
  • the second sliding block is driven by the second winding button to move backward to compress the second firing spring until the second elastic barb on the second sliding block is locked, and the second sliding block and the needle core are finished winding ;
  • the firing link causes the second elastic barb to be elastically deformed through the second firing part and is separated from the second locking part to make the first
  • the second slider is released from the locked state, and the second slider moves forward under the push of the second firing spring to complete the unlocking and firing of the second slider and the needle core; at the same time, the first firing part of the firing link does not touch
  • the first elastic barb on the first slider maintains the locked state of the first slider; in this way, the sampling groove of the needle core exposes the front end of the needle tube; then, as the firing link continues to move forward, the firing link passes The first firing part causes the first elastic barb to be elastically deformed and separated from the first locking part to release the locked state of the first slider.
  • the first slider moves forward under the push of the first firing spring to complete the first A slider and the needle tube are unlocked and fired.
  • the needle tube moves forward to retract the sampling groove of the needle core into its front end; at the same time, the push part of the firing link and the release part abut and promote the rotation of the sampling stroke adjustment member to make the hook convex
  • the stage exits the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb to prevent the first elastic barb from contacting the hooking boss during the firing process; finally, after releasing the firing button and the side firing button, the firing link is in the return spring It moves backward to reset under the push of, and the sampling stroke adjustment component resets under the action of the elastic member.
  • the upper string firing method of non-full-stroke sampling by the upper biopsy device includes the following steps:
  • the first winding button drives the first sliding block to move backward to compress the first firing spring until the first elastic barb on the first sliding block and the sampling stroke adjustment component
  • the hooking boss is locked, and the first slider and needle tube are wound
  • the second slider is driven by the second winding button to move backward to compress the second firing spring until the second elastic barb on the second slider is locked , The second slider and the needle core are wound;
  • the firing link causes the second elastic barb to be elastically deformed through the second firing part and is separated from the second locking part to make the first
  • the second slider is released from the locked state, and the second slider moves forward under the push of the second firing spring to complete the unlocking and firing of the second slider and the needle core; at the same time, the first firing part and the top of the firing link
  • the pushing part does not touch the first elastic barb on the first sliding block and maintains the locked state of the first sliding block; in this way, part of the sampling groove of the needle core is exposed at the front end of the needle tube; then, the firing rod continues to move forward ,
  • the push part at the front end of the firing link abuts against the release part and can prompt the rotation of the sampling stroke adjustment component so that the hooking boss exits the front and back movement path of the first elastic barb, so as to release the hooking boss from the first elastic barb
  • the first slider moves forward under the push of the first firing spring to complete the unlocking and
  • the needle tube moves forward to receive the sampling groove of the needle core into its front end; finally, loosen After opening the firing button and the side firing button, the firing connecting rod moves backward to reset under the push of the reset spring, and the sampling stroke adjustment component resets under the action of the elastic member.
  • the needle core needle tube can be fired sequentially, the tissue can fully fall into the inner needle sampling groove, the sampling effect is good, the structure is reasonable, the operation is convenient and comfortable, and it has certain cost advantages.
  • the invention is provided with a safety button, which can effectively prevent misoperation and make the sampling process safer.
  • the invention is equipped with an adjustable sampling stroke, can be applied to different sizes of diseased tissues, and can take tissue samples of different lengths. It not only has the advantage of wide use, but also reduces the damage to healthy tissues and effectively reduces the pain of patients. .
  • the present invention is provided with a shock absorption washer on the slider, which can buffer the impact force of the slider, reduce the fear of working noise on the patient, and the user experience is better.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of Example 1
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of embodiment 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the firing link
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperating structure of the firing connecting rod and the sampling stroke adjusting section
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the first mounting frame and related components
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the first mounting frame, the firing link and related components
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the two mounting frames, the firing link and related components (viewing angle 1);
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cooperating structure of the second mounting frame, the firing link and related components
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the two mounting frames, the firing link and related components (viewing angle 2);
  • Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 (safety button locking);
  • Figure 11 is one of the schematic diagrams of the winding of the first embodiment
  • Figure 12 is the second schematic diagram of the winding of embodiment 1;
  • Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the winding state of Example 1 (the safety button is opened, and the whole stroke is sampled);
  • Figure 14 is one of the firing schematic diagrams of Example 1;
  • Fig. 15 is the second schematic diagram of firing in Example 1.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing state of Example 1 (the firing link is reset);
  • Fig. 17 is one of the schematic diagrams of the winding of the non-full stroke sampling in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of firing of the non-full stroke sampling in Example 1.
  • Figure 20(a) is one of the schematic diagrams of full stroke sampling
  • Figure 20(b) is the second schematic diagram of full stroke sampling
  • Figure 20(c) is the third schematic diagram of full stroke sampling
  • Figure 21(a) is one of the schematic diagrams of sampling for non-full stroke (half stroke);
  • Figure 21(b) is the second schematic diagram of non-full stroke (half stroke) sampling
  • Figure 21(c) is the third schematic diagram of non-full stroke (half stroke) sampling.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more than two, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • integrally connected it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection
  • it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • the "above” or “below” of the first feature of the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through other features between them.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature include the first feature directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or it simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature include the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • the needle core sampling end is the front and the handle end is the rear, and the left and right directions and the up and down directions are defined in the vertical front and rear directions, respectively.
  • a biopsy device as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 comprising a needle core 1, a needle tube 2 and an operating handle for manipulating the needle core needle tube for biopsy sampling
  • the operating handle includes a mounting frame, the mounting frame is provided with a first The slider 6, the first firing spring 7, the second slider 10, and the second firing spring 11.
  • the rear end of the needle tube 2 is fixedly connected to the first slider 6, and the rear end of the needle core 1 penetrates the needle tube 2 and the first slider
  • the front end of the first firing spring 7 abuts against the first slider 6, the rear end of the first firing spring 7 abuts against the mounting frame, and the front end of the second firing spring 11 is against the second slider.
  • the sliding block 10 abuts, and the rear end of the second firing spring 11 abuts against the mounting frame; the mounting frame is also provided for driving the first sliding block 6 and the second sliding block 10 to move backward to lock the positioning and to lock the first firing spring 7 and the second firing spring 11 compress the accumulating winding firing mechanism, which is used to release the firing unlocking mechanism of the first slider 6 and/or the second slider 10 from being locked and positioned.
  • the winding firing mechanism includes a first winding button 14 and a second winding button 19.
  • the first winding button 14 is connected to the first sliding block 6 and can drive the first sliding block 6 to move backward.
  • An elastic barb 61 after the first slider 6 moves backwards into place, the first elastic barb 61 is hooked and locked with the first locking portion 85 provided on the mounting frame to achieve winding.
  • the second winding button 19 and the first The two sliding blocks 10 are connected and can drive the second sliding block 10 to move backwards.
  • the second sliding block 10 is provided with a second elastic barb 101.
  • the second locking portion 88 provided on the mounting frame is hooked and locked to achieve winding.
  • the firing unlocking mechanism includes a firing link 13, which is arranged on the mounting frame and can move forward and backward.
  • the firing link 13 is provided with a first firing part 133 and a second firing part 136, and the firing link 13 passes through the A firing portion 133 causes the first elastic barb 61 to be elastically deformed and separated from the first locking portion 85 so that the first slider 6 is released from the locked state, and the firing link 13 causes the second elastic to fall through the second firing portion 136
  • the hook 101 is elastically deformed and separated from the second locking portion 88 so that the second slider 10 is released from the locked state.
  • the mounting frame includes a first mounting frame 8 and a second mounting frame 22 that are coordinated and fixed left and right.
  • a handle housing is fixed on the outside of the mounting frame.
  • a housing 4 and a second housing 20 the first housing 4 and the second housing 20 are fixedly connected by fasteners or buckles, and the first mounting frame 8 and the second mounting frame 22 are fastened
  • the parts are fixedly connected, and the mounting frame and the housing are fixed by the cooperation of the positioning column 220 and the positioning groove. In this way, the structure is simple and reasonable, the assembly is convenient, and the cost performance is high.
  • the needle core 1 (for example, the rear end of the needle core) is provided with anti-slip and anti-drop features (for example, concave, convex, etc.), which can make the needle core and the slider 10 fixedly connected (for example,
  • the needle tube 2 (such as the rear end of the needle tube) is provided with anti-skid and anti-drop features (such as bell mouth, flange surface, etc.), which can make the needle tube and the slider 6 be firmly connected (such as bonding).
  • a sleeve 3 is preferably fixed at the front end of the handle housing, and the needle core 1 and the needle tube 2 pass through the sleeve 3, so that the sleeve 3 can ensure the coaxiality of the needle core 1 and the needle tube 2 when moving.
  • the first winding button 14 and the second winding button 19 are arranged at the front end of the handle housing and arranged side by side, and the first winding button 14 extends into the extension arm in the handle housing Connected with the first slider 6 to be able to push the first slider 6 backwards, and the extension arm of the second winding button 19 extending into the handle housing is connected with the second slider 10 to be able to push the second slider 10 backwards.
  • the extension arms of the one winding button 14 and the extension arms of the second winding button 19 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting frame. In this way, pressing the two winding buttons to independently wind the needle core and the needle tube, the operation is convenient, the structure is reasonable, and the winding firing action is reliable and stable.
  • the first sliding block 6 is provided with a first connecting portion 62 which extends out of the first elongated hole 82 on the mounting frame and is connected to the first winding button. 14 is connected to the extension arm.
  • the first connecting portion 62 moves back and forth along the first elongated hole 82
  • the second slider 10 is provided with a second connecting portion 102, and the second connecting portion 102 extends After exiting the second long hole 84 on the mounting frame, it is connected to the extension arm of the second winding button 19.
  • the second sliding block 10 moves back and forth, the second connecting portion 102 moves back and forth along the second long hole 84.
  • the connecting portion may also be fixed or integrally formed on the extension arm of the winding button, and inserted into the sliding block in the mounting frame after passing through the long hole on the mounting frame.
  • the extension arm of the first winding button 14 cooperates with the first connecting portion 62 through a slot or a connecting hole to realize that the first slider 6 can be pushed backward
  • the extension arm of the second winding button 19 passes through the slot Or the connecting hole and the second connecting portion 102 cooperate with each other to realize that the second slider 10 can be pushed backward.
  • the card slot restricts the connecting portion from the front and rear sides, so that the winding button moves synchronously with the corresponding sliding block, so that the surgeon can intuitively understand whether the biopsy device is in the winding state and avoid repeated operations.
  • the extension arm of the winding button is only connected to the corresponding slider when the winding is pressed and the winding is performed. After the winding is completed, the extension arm of the winding button is separated from the corresponding slider, and the slider and its The needle core or needle tube is fired independently without driving the winding button to move together.
  • a spring can be set in the handle housing to reset the winding button.
  • the connecting portion may be cylindrical, square columnar or any other shape capable of transmitting force.
  • a first slide 81 is provided at the front of the mounting frame, and the first slide 6 and the first firing spring 7 are installed in the first slide 81, and the rear of the mounting frame
  • a second slideway 83 is provided in the section, the second slide block 10 and the second firing spring 11 are installed in the second slideway 83, the front end of the first slideway 81, the rear end of the second slideway 83 and the first slideway 81
  • a blocking portion is provided between the second slideway 83 and the second slideway 83, so that the first slider 6 is restricted to slide in the first slideway 81, and the second slide 10 is restricted to slide in the second slideway 83.
  • the mounting frame is provided with a first locking portion 85 and a second locking portion 88.
  • the first locking portion 85 is a convex locking position, and the front side of the first locking portion 85 is provided for promoting the first sliding
  • the first elastic barb 61 on the block 6 generates an elastically contracted and deformed slope surface.
  • the rear side of the first locking portion 85 is an engagement surface that can be locked and locked with the free end of the first elastic barb 61
  • the second The locking portion 88 is a convex locking position.
  • the front side of the second locking portion 88 is provided with a slope surface for urging the second elastic barb 101 on the second slider 10 to elastically contract and deform.
  • the second locking portion 88 The rear side of is an engaging surface capable of engaging and locking with the free end of the second elastic barb 101.
  • the firing rod 13 is provided with a first firing part 133 and a second firing part 136. Both the first firing part 133 and the second firing part 136 are in a slope shape. Ground, the first elastic barb 61 and the second elastic barb 101 are respectively provided with slopes that cooperate with the first firing part 133 and the second firing part 136; The portion 136 first pushes the second elastic barb 101 on the second slider 10 to generate elastic contraction and deformation and separate from the second locking portion 88 so that the second slider 10 connected to the needle core 1 is unlocked and fired, and then The first firing part 133 pushes the first elastic barb 61 of the first slider 6 to elastically deform and separate from the first locking part 85 so that the first slider 6 connected to the needle tube 2 is unlocked and fired.
  • the firing part and the elastic barb cooperate through the slope, which saves effort and slides smoothly.
  • the specific position and slope shape of the two firing parts on the firing link not only the linkage of the two sliders can be fired in sequence, but also the sequential firing interval time of the needle core needle tube can be easily adjusted to fully ensure good sampling. The effect, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the operation is reliable.
  • the firing connecting rod 13 is provided with a resetting part 134, and a resetting spring 18 is arranged between the resetting part 134 and the mounting frame.
  • the return spring 18 drives the firing link 13 to return.
  • the mounting frame is provided with a return spring space 87 and a fifth slideway 86, the return spring 18 is confined in the return spring space 87, the rear end of the return spring space 87 is connected to the fifth slideway 86, and the firing link 13
  • the upper reset part 134 is inserted in the fifth slide 86 and can move back and forth.
  • the first slide 81 and the second slide 83 are formed by a first mounting frame 8 and a second mounting frame 22, and the firing link 13 is formed along the edge The sliding groove between the first mounting frame 8 and the second mounting frame 22 slides back and forth.
  • the first firing part 133 and the second firing part 136 are arranged on the firing link 13 close to one of the first chute 81 and the second chute 83.
  • the first locking portion 85 is provided on the first mounting frame 8 and/or the second mounting frame 22 and is located between the firing link 13 and the first slide 81, and the first locking portion 85 is located in the first firing portion
  • the first elastic barb 61 is arranged on the side of the first slider 6 close to the firing link 13, and the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb 61 passes through the first locking portion 85 and is connected to the first
  • the forward and backward movement paths of a firing part 133 partially overlap, the width of the free end of the first elastic barb 61 is greater than the width of the first firing part 133;
  • the second locking part 88 is arranged on the first mounting frame 8 and/or the second mounting frame 22 Is located between the firing link 13 and the second slide 83, the second locking portion 88 is located on one or both sides of the second firing portion 136, and the second elastic barb 101 is arranged on the second slider 10 close to the firing On one side of the connecting rod 13, the forward and backward movement path of the second elastic barb 101 passes through the
  • the width of the free end of the second elastic barb 101 is greater than that of the second elastic barb.
  • the width of the firing part 136 In this way, it is not only convenient for the elastic barb and the locking part to engage and lock the limit, but also for the firing part on the firing link to push the elastic barb to produce elastic contraction and deformation to unlock the firing.
  • the structure is reasonable, easy to assemble, and the action is reliable and stable. .
  • the first locking portion 85 and the first firing portion 133 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the free end of the first elastic barb 61
  • the second locking portion 88 and the second firing portion 136 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the free end of the second elastic barb 101.
  • the front end of the first slider 6 is provided with a first shock-absorbing washer 5, and the first shock-absorbing washer 5 has the function of buffering the first slider 6 from hitting the front blocking part of the first slideway 81 to reduce noise.
  • the second sliding block 10 is provided with a second shock-absorbing washer 9 at the front end, and the second shock-absorbing washer 9 has the function of buffering the second sliding block 10 from hitting the front blocking part of the second slideway 83, so as to reduce noise and improve Service life.
  • the firing link 13 is pushed by the rear firing button 131 or the side firing button 17 exposed outside the handle housing, and the rear firing button 131 or side firing
  • the button 17 and the firing link 13 are integrally formed or fixedly fitted.
  • the rear firing button 131 is integrally formed at the rear end of the firing link 13
  • the side firing button 17 is fixedly connected to the firing link 13 through plug-in fitting
  • the side firing button 17 is limited to the handle housing by a limiting latch 171.
  • one side of the firing link 13 is provided with a connecting portion 135, and the extension arm where the side firing button 17 is inserted into the handle housing is provided with a slot that matches with the connecting portion 135, and the side firing button 17
  • Both the left and right sides are provided with limit catching projections 171, and the two limit catching projections 171 are inserted into the handle housing and buckle and limit fit with the handle housing.
  • a safety button 12 is also provided.
  • the safety button 12 is inserted into the handle housing and passes through one side of the firing link 13, and at least one end of the safety button 12 protrudes from the handle.
  • the housing, the safety button 12 and the locking groove 132 on the firing connecting rod 13 cooperate to limit the position to realize the locking and fixing of the firing connecting rod 13.
  • the safety button 12 is moved to disengage from the locking groove 132 to achieve this Unlock the firing link 13.
  • the safety button 12 moves up and down in the handle housing, and the safety button 12 is formed with guide pieces on the inner part of the handle housing to facilitate the up and down movement guide and limit, the safety button 12 is provided with a locking part, and the firing link 13 is provided with a corresponding locking groove 132.
  • the safety button 12 is moved upward, the locking part will leave the locking groove 132, and the firing link 13 can be moved forwards and backwards for firing.
  • the locking button 12 is moved, the locking part is locked into the locking groove 132 to realize the limit locking, and the firing link 13 cannot move back and forth.
  • a sampling stroke adjustment mechanism is also provided, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, including a sampling stroke adjustment component 15 which is There is a hooking boss 151.
  • the sampling stroke adjusting component can move and has at least two states: locked and unlocked. When the sampling stroke adjusting component is in the locked state, the hooking boss 151 is set on the first slider. 6 on the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb 61, the first elastic barb 61 can be hooked and positioned with the hooking boss 151 to achieve winding lock.
  • the needle Only part of the sampling groove of the core 1 can expose the needle tube 2 so that partial stroke sampling can be implemented; when the sampling stroke adjustment component is in the unlocked state, the hooking boss 151 is away from the front and back of the first elastic barb 61 on the first slider 6 As for the moving path, the first elastic barb 61 can pass freely without obstruction.
  • the sampling stroke adjustment member 15 is hinged to the mounting frame and can swing up and down, and the sampling stroke adjustment member 15 has a hooking boss 151 and a release portion 152 ,
  • An elastic member 16 urges the sampling stroke adjustment member 15 to rotate and enables the hooking boss 151 to enter the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb 61 on the first slider 6 (that is, the elastic member urges the sampling stroke adjustment member from unlocking The state returns to the locked state); as shown in Figures 17 to 18, the first elastic barb 61 of the first slider 6 moves backward and is hooked and positioned with the hooking boss 151 to achieve the winding lock, the first slider When 6 is locked in this position, only part of the sampling groove of the needle core 1 can expose the needle tube 2 so that partial stroke (or half-stroke sampling) can be implemented; as shown in Figure 15 and Figure 19, the front end of the firing rod 13 A pushing portion 137 is provided.
  • the firing link 13 When the firing link 13 moves forward, the pushing portion 137 abuts the release portion 152 and can promote the rotation of the sampling stroke adjusting member 15 so that the hooking boss 151 is withdrawn from the front and back of the first elastic barb 61 In this way, the firing link 13 can release the locking and locking of the first elastic barb 61 by the hooking boss 151 to realize the release and firing of the first sliding block 6 during the full stroke sampling.
  • the firing link 13 can prevent the first elastic barb 61 from contacting the hooking boss 151 during the forward movement of the firing.
  • the winding lock position of the first slider 6 can be selected, and the sampling stroke (sampling volume) of the biopsy device can be adjusted without the need for manual operation of the sampling stroke button.
  • the setting, the structure is simple and reasonable, and the operation is convenient and reliable.
  • full-stroke sampling also called full-slot sampling, refers to puncturing all the sampling slots of the pointer core 1 into the target sampling tissue to obtain a biopsy sample.
  • full-stroke sampling also called full-slot sampling, refers to puncturing all the sampling slots of the pointer core 1 into the target sampling tissue to obtain a biopsy sample.
  • the sampling groove of the needle core 1 is all received in the needle tube 2, and the tip of the needle core and the needle tube is punctured to the target sampling tissue 100, as shown in Figure 20 (a); the needle core is fired first 1 Pierce the target sampling tissue 100, all the sampling grooves on the needle core 1 are exposed outside the needle tube 2, and the target sampling tissue 100 fills all the sampling grooves, as shown in Figure 20(b); the needle tube 2 is fired again, and the biopsy sample 301 is covered by the needle tube 2 It is cut from the target puncture tissue 100 and stored in the sampling slot of the needle core, as shown in FIG. 20(c).
  • partial-stroke sampling also called partial-stroke sampling or half-stroke sampling
  • partial-stroke sampling is that a part of the sampling slot of the pointer core 1 is pierced into the target sampling tissue to obtain a biopsy sample.
  • the specific process is as follows:
  • the sampling groove of the needle core 1 is all received in the needle tube 2, and the tip of the needle core and the needle tube is punctured to the target sampling tissue 100, as shown in Figure 21 (a); the needle core is fired first 1 Pierce the target sampling tissue 100, part of the sampling groove (usually half the length of the full sampling groove) on the needle core 1 is exposed outside the needle tube 2, and the target sampling tissue 100 fills this part of the sampling groove, as shown in Figure 21(b); The needle tube 2 is fired again, and the biopsy sample 302 is cut from the target puncture tissue 100 by the needle tube 2 and stored in the sampling slot of the needle core. As shown in Figure 21 (c), the length of the biopsy sample 302 is significantly shorter than that of Figure 20 ( c) For the biopsy samples sampled in the whole stroke, the requirements of different sampling volumes can be applied.
  • the sampling stroke adjustment member 15 is in the shape of a rod extending back and forth.
  • the left and right sides of the sampling stroke adjustment member 15 are provided with hinge parts 153, which are inserted in the mounting frame.
  • the hinged hole 89 realizes the hinged connection between the sampling stroke adjusting component 15 and the mounting frame.
  • the elastic member 16 is a torsion spring sleeved on the hinge portion 153.
  • the front end of the component 15 abuts, and the release portion 152 is located at the rear end of the sampling stroke adjusting component 15.
  • the structure is simple, the recovery is reliable, and the installation is convenient.
  • the elastic member 16 may also be a compression spring, an elastic sheet, or a rubber member.
  • the pushing portion 137 is located on one side of the first firing portion 133 to avoid the pushing portion 137 and the first elastic barb 61 on the first slider 6 Contact; the contact surface of the pushing portion 137 and the releasing portion 152 is a slope or arc, and the contact surface of the releasing portion 152 and the pushing portion 137 is a slope or arc. In this way, the structure is simple and reasonable, the movement is stable and reliable, the unlocking is convenient, and the manufacturing cost is low.
  • the pushing portion 137 and the first locking portion 85 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the first firing portion 133, the pushing portion 137 is located on the left or right side of the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb 61, and the first elastic The width of the free end of the barb 61 is greater than the width of the pushing portion 137. In this way, the structure is more reasonable and the assembly is more convenient.
  • a plurality of sampling stroke adjustment components 15 may also be provided to be suitable for obtaining biopsy specimens of different lengths.
  • the first slider 6 and the second slider 10 are in an unwinded state, the sampling slot of the needle core 1 is received in the needle tube 2, and the safety button 12 locks the firing link 13.
  • the rear firing button 131 and the side firing button 17 cannot be pressed.
  • the above-mentioned winding and firing process/method of full stroke sampling of the biopsy device includes the following steps:
  • the first winding button 14 drives the first slider 6 to move backward to compress the first firing spring 7 until the first slider
  • the first elastic barb 61 on the 6 is locked, and the first slider 6 and the needle tube 2 are wound
  • the second slider 10 is driven to move backward by the second winding button 19 to compress the second firing spring 11 until the second slide
  • the second elastic barb 101 on the block 10 is locked, and the second sliding block 10 and the needle core 1 complete the winding; at this time, the safety button 12 preferably locks the firing link 13 to avoid accidental firing.
  • the safety button 12 is opened to unlock the firing link 13.
  • the firing link 13 uses the second firing portion 136 to cause the second elastic barb 101 to be elastically deformed and separated from the second locking portion 88 so that the second slider 10 is released from the locked state.
  • the second slider 10 moves forward under the push of the second firing spring 11 to complete the unlocking and firing of the second slider 10 and the needle core 1.
  • the first firing portion 133 of the firing link 13 does not contact the first slider.
  • the first elastic barb 61 on the block 6 maintains the locked state of the first slider 6; in this way, the sampling groove of the needle core 1 exposes the front end of the needle tube 2.
  • the firing link 13 uses the first firing portion 133 to cause the first elastic barb 61 to be elastically deformed and separate from the first locking portion 85, thereby making The first slider 6 is released from the locked state.
  • the first slider 6 moves forward under the push of the first firing spring 7 to complete the unlocking and firing of the first slider 6 and the needle tube 2.
  • the needle tube 2 moves forward to move the needle core 1
  • the sampling slot is received in its front end; at the same time, the pushing portion 137 of the firing link 13 abuts the release portion 152 and causes the sampling stroke adjusting member 15 to rotate, thereby causing the hooking boss 151 to withdraw from the forward and backward movement of the first elastic barb 61 Path to prevent the first elastic barb 61 from contacting the hooking boss 151 during the forward movement of the firing.
  • the winding firing process/method of non-full stroke sampling of the biopsy device includes the following steps:
  • the first winding button 14 drives the first sliding block 6 to move backward to compress the first firing spring 7 until the first elastic barb 61 on the first sliding block 6 Locked with the hooking boss 151 on the sampling stroke adjusting component 15, the first sliding block 6 and the needle tube 2 are wound, as shown in Fig. 17; the second sliding block 10 is driven to move backward and compress the first block through the second winding button 19
  • the spring 11 is fired twice until the second elastic barb 101 on the second slider 10 is locked, and the second slider 10 and the needle core 1 are wound, as shown in Figure 18; at this time, the safety button 12 is preferably locked Fire connecting rod 13 to avoid accidental firing.
  • the firing link 13 uses the second firing portion 136 to cause the second elastic barb 101 to be elastically deformed and separate from the second locking portion 88 to release the second slider 10 from the locked state.
  • the second slider 10 is in the first Pushed by the second firing spring 11, it moves forward to complete the unlocking and firing of the second slider 10 and the needle core 1.
  • the first firing part 133 and the pushing part 137 of the firing link 13 do not touch the first slider
  • the first elastic barb 61 on the 6 maintains the locked state of the first sliding block 6; in this way, part of the sampling groove of the needle core 1 exposes the front end of the needle tube 2.
  • the pushing portion 137 at the front end of the firing link 13 abuts against the release portion 152 and can prompt the sampling stroke adjusting member 15 to rotate, thereby making the hooking boss 151 Withdrawing from the forward and backward movement path of the first elastic barb 61 to release the engagement and locking of the first elastic barb 61 by the hooking boss 151, the first slider 6 moves forward under the push of the first firing spring 7, After completing the unlocking and firing of the first slider 6 and the needle tube 2, the needle tube 2 moves forward to receive the sampling slot of the needle core 1 into its front end.

Abstract

一种活检装置、击发解锁机构、取样行程调整机构和上弦击发方法,包括针芯(1)、针管(2)以及操作手柄,操作手柄包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块(6)、第一击发弹簧(7)、第二滑块(10)和第二击发弹簧(11),安装框架上还设有用于驱动第一滑块(6)和第二滑块(10)后移锁止定位并将第一击发弹簧(7)和第二击发弹簧(11)压缩蓄势的上弦击发机构,用于解除第一滑块(6)和/或第二滑块(10)锁止定位的击发解锁机构。活检装置结构合理,操作便捷舒适,且具有一定的成本优势。

Description

活检装置及其击发解锁机构、取样行程调整机构和上弦击发方法 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,涉及用于活组织取样的活检装置,尤其涉及一种多功能全自动的活检装置及其击发解锁机构、取样行程调整机构和上弦击发方法。
背景技术
活检装置是一种医疗器械,适用于肝脏、肾脏、肺、前列腺、乳腺、甲状腺等多种器官的活组织取样、吸取细胞等。具有操作简单快捷、使用方便、采样迅速等特点。
由于美国巴德公司研发和销售活检针类产品比较早,在市场上占据主导地位,日本TSK公司继巴德之后也推出了全自动活检针产品,在临床上给了医生更多选择。全自动活检针类可实现单手操作,上弦难度小,有前后2个击发扳机,横握/直握两种握持方式,便于医生根据实际情况选择,操作简便、快捷,采样迅速,风险较低,收到了众多临床医生的好评。
公开号为CN104797200的专利文献公开了一种活检装置,该文献公开了一种活检装置,包括具有切割插管的切割插管机构和具有内部管心针的内部管心针机构,该内部管心针与切割插管同轴。击发机构设置成通过使得各切割插管和内部管心针沿近侧方向退回至击发位置而击发切割插管机构和内部管心针机构。触发器装置设置成发射内部管心针机构和切割插管机构中的至少一个,以便使得内部管心针和切割插管中的该相应至少一个沿远侧方向从击发位置前进。选择器组件包括选择器开关,该选择器开关有可由用户触及的外部凸片。选择器组件设置成在至少两个用户可选择的操作模式和至少两个用户可选择的发射距离之间选择。
但是,目前市场上在售的活检装置也存在一定缺陷,例如:击发装置可靠性不高,会出现不能击发或者击发困难的情况;击发装置没有设计保险按钮,容易出现误击发的情况;内、外针联动击发,客户反馈取样效果不太理想;以及,全自动针不可以单手上弦,需要双手外拉上弦,操作繁琐;产品只有一个击发位/击发按钮,不可以横握,使用不便等。并且,一般只有一个取样行程(全行程取样或称全槽取样),当仅需取样少量组织时,就需要更换取样行程更短的活检装置,造成使用不便和使用成本增加。
技术问题
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种活检装置及其击发解锁机构、取样行程调整机构和上弦击发方法,结构合理,操作便捷舒适,且具有一定的成本优势。
技术解决方案
为了达到上述的目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种活检装置,包括针芯、针管以及用于操控针芯针管进行活检取样的操作手柄,所述操作手柄包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块、第一击发弹簧、第二滑块和第二击发弹簧,针管的后端与第一滑块固定连接,针芯的后端穿出针管及第一滑块后与第二滑块固定连接,第一击发弹簧的前端与第一滑块相抵,第一击发弹簧的后端与安装框架相抵,第二击发弹簧的前端与第二滑块相抵,第二击发弹簧的后端与安装框架相抵;所述安装框架上还设有用于驱动第一滑块和第二滑块后移锁止定位并将第一击发弹簧和第二击发弹簧压缩蓄势的上弦击发机构,用于解除第一滑块和/或第二滑块锁止定位的击发解锁机构。
作为优选,所述上弦击发机构包括第一上弦按钮和第二上弦按钮,第一上弦按钮与第一滑块连接并可带动第一滑块向后移动,第一滑块上设有第一弹性倒钩,第一滑块向后移动到位后通过第一弹性倒钩与设置在安装框架上的第一锁止部钩挂锁止以实现上弦,第二上弦按钮与第二滑块连接并可带动第二滑块向后移动,第二滑块上设有第二弹性倒钩,第二滑块向后移动到位后通过第二弹性倒钩与设置在安装框架上的第二锁止部钩挂锁止以实现上弦。
作为优选,安装框架的前部设置第一滑道,第一滑块和第一击发弹簧安装在第一滑道内,安装框架的后部设置第二滑道,第二滑块和第二击发弹簧安装在第二滑道内,第一滑道的前端、第二滑道的后端以及第一滑道和第二滑道之间均设置有阻挡部,从而,第一滑块被限制在第一滑道内滑动,第二滑块被限制在第二滑道内滑动;所述安装框架上设置有第一锁止部和第二锁止部,第一锁止部为凸起卡位,第一锁止部的前侧设有用于促使第一滑块上的第一弹性倒钩产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第一锁止部的后侧是能够与第一弹性倒钩的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面,第二锁止部为凸起卡位,第二锁止部的前侧设有用于促使第二滑块上的第二弹性倒钩产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第二锁止部的后侧是能够与第二弹性倒钩的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面;安装框架的外面固定有手柄壳体,第一上弦按钮和第二上弦按钮设置在手柄壳体的前端且左右并排设置,第一上弦按钮伸入手柄壳体内的延伸臂与第一滑块连接以能够向后推动第一滑块,第二上弦按钮伸入手柄壳体内的延伸臂与第二滑块连接以能够向后推动第二滑块,第一上弦按钮的延伸臂和第二上弦按钮的延伸臂分别设置在安装框架的左右两侧。
作为优选,第一滑块前端设置有第一减震垫圈,第二滑块前端设置有第二减震垫圈。
作为优选,击发连杆由暴露在手柄壳体外面的后击发按钮或者侧击发按钮推动,后击发按钮或者侧击发按钮与击发连杆一体成型或者固定配合。
一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块、第一击发弹簧、第二滑块、第二击发弹簧和击发连杆,第一滑块与针管的后端固定连接,第一击发弹簧的前端与第一滑块相抵,第一击发弹簧的后端与安装框架相抵,第一滑块上设有第一弹性倒钩,第一滑块向后移动到位后通过第一弹性倒钩与设置在安装框架上的第一锁止部钩挂锁止以实现上弦;第二滑块与针芯的后端固定连接,第二击发弹簧的前端与第二滑块相抵,第二击发弹簧的后端与安装框架相抵, 第二滑块上设有第二弹性倒钩,第二滑块向后移动到位后通过第二弹性倒钩与设置在安装框架上的第二锁止部钩挂锁止以实现上弦;其中,第一滑块和第二滑块分别与安装框架前后滑动连接并且两者一前一后设置;击发连杆设置在安装框架上并可以前后移动,击发连杆上设有第一击发部和第二击发部,击发连杆通过第一击发部促使第一弹性倒钩产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部分离从而使第一滑块解除锁止状态,击发连杆通过第二击发部促使第二弹性倒钩产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部分离从而使第二滑块解除锁止状态。这样,弹性倒钩与安装框架上的锁止部锁止上弦,击发连杆与上弦锁止无关,不仅使得锁止稳定可靠,而且击发顺畅、更加省力。击发连杆通过两个击发部分别推动两个弹性倒钩弹性形变解除锁止进行击发,不仅实现了两个滑块的联动依次击发,而且可以方便的调整设计针芯针管的依次击发间隔时间,充分保证很好的取样效果,结构简单,使用方便,运行可靠。
作为优选,第一锁止部为凸起卡位,第一锁止部的前侧设有用于促使第一滑块上的第一弹性倒钩产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第一锁止部的后侧是能够与第一弹性倒钩的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面,第二锁止部为凸起卡位,第二锁止部的前侧设有用于促使第二滑块上的第二弹性倒钩产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第二锁止部88的后侧是能够与第二弹性倒钩的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面。
作为优选,击发连杆上设有第一击发部和第二击发部,第一击发部和第二击发部均呈斜坡状,相应地,第一弹性倒钩和第二弹性倒钩上也分别设有与第一击发部和第二击发部相配合的斜坡;击发连杆前后移动实施击发时,第二击发部首先顶推第二滑块上的第二弹性倒钩使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第二锁止部分离从而使与针芯连接的第二滑块解锁击发,然后第一击发部顶推第一滑块的第一弹性倒钩使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第一锁止部分离从而使与针管连接的第一滑块解锁击发。
作为优选,击发连杆上设有复位部,该复位部与安装框架之间设有复位弹簧;其中,安装框架上设有复位弹簧空间和第五滑道,复位弹簧被限制在该复位弹簧空间内,复位弹簧空间的后端连通第五滑道,击发连杆上的复位部插设在第五滑道内并能够前后移动,当击发连杆向前移动时,复位弹簧的前端与安装框架相抵,复位弹簧的后端与击发连杆上的复位部相抵。
一种活检装置,包括如上所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构。
一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块、第一击发弹簧、第二滑块和第二击发弹簧,第一滑块与针管的后端固定连接,第一击发弹簧的前端与第一滑块相抵,第一击发弹簧的后端与安装框架相抵,第一滑块上设有第一弹性倒钩,第一滑块向后移动到位后通过第一弹性倒钩与设置在安装框架上的第一锁止部钩挂锁止以实现上弦;第二滑块与针芯的后端固定连接,第二击发弹簧的前端与第二滑块相抵,第二击发弹簧的后端与安装框架相抵,第二滑块上设有第二弹性倒钩,第二滑块向后移动到位后通过第二弹性倒钩与设置在安装框架上的第二锁止部钩挂锁止以实现上弦;其中,第一滑块和第二滑块分别与安装框架前后滑动连接并且两者一前一后设置;其特征在于,还包括用于解除第一滑块和/或第二滑块锁止定位的击发连杆,以及一取样行程调整部件,该取样行程调整部件上设有一钩挂凸台,该取样行程调整部件能够活动并至少具有锁止状态和解锁状态两种状态,当取样行程调整部件处于锁止状态时,钩挂凸台设置在第一滑块上第一弹性倒钩的前后移动路径上,第一弹性倒钩能够与钩挂凸台钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块被锁止在该位置时,针芯的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管从而能够实施非全行程取样;当取样行程调整部件处于解锁状态时,钩挂凸台离开第一滑块上第一弹性倒钩的前后移动路径,第一弹性倒钩可以自由通行不受阻碍。这样,通过调整第一上弦按钮的按压行程就可以对第一滑块的上弦锁止位置进行选择,实现对活检装置取样行程的调整,不需要人为操作取样行程按钮进行事先设置,结构简单合理,操作方便可靠。
作为优选,击发连杆上设有第一击发部和第二击发部,第一击发部和第二击发部均呈斜坡状,相应地,第一弹性倒钩和第二弹性倒钩上也分别设有与第一击发部和第二击发部相配合的斜坡;击发连杆前后移动实施击发时,第二击发部首先顶推第二滑块上的第二弹性倒钩使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第二锁止部分离从而使与针芯连接的第二滑块解锁击发,然后第一击发部顶推第一滑块的第一弹性倒钩使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第一锁止部分离从而使与针管连接的第一滑块解锁击发。
作为优选,所述取样行程调整部件与安装框架铰接并能够上下摆动,取样行程调整部件具有一钩挂凸台和一释放部,一弹性件促使取样行程调整部件转动并使得钩挂凸台能够进入第一滑块上第一弹性倒钩的前后移动路径;第一滑块的第一弹性倒钩后移与钩挂凸台钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块被锁止在该位置时,针芯的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管;击发连杆前端设有顶推部,当击发连杆前移时,顶推部与释放部相抵并能够促使取样行程调节部件转动进而使得钩挂凸台退出第一弹性倒钩的前后移动路径。
作为优选,所述顶推部位于第一击发部的一侧,顶推部与释放部接触的接触面为斜坡或弧面,释放部与顶推部接触的接触面为斜坡或弧面。
作为优选,顶推部和第一锁止部分别位于第一击发部的左右两侧,顶推部位于第一弹性倒钩前后移动路径的左侧或右侧,第一弹性倒钩自由端的宽度大于顶推部的宽度。
作为优选,所述取样行程调整部件呈前后延伸的杆状,取样行程调节部件左右两侧设有铰接部,铰接部插设在安装框架上的铰接孔中从而实现取样行程调节部件与安装框架的铰接,所述弹性件为套设在铰接部上的扭簧,扭簧一端与安装框架相抵,扭簧另一端与取样行程调节部件的前端相抵,释放部位于取样行程调节部件的后端。
一种活检装置,包括如上所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,所述安装框架上还设有用于驱动第一滑块和第二滑块后移锁止定位并将第一击发弹簧和第二击发弹簧压缩蓄势的上弦击发机构;所述上弦击发机构包括第一上弦按钮和第二上弦按钮,第一上弦按钮与第一滑块连接并可带动第一滑块向后移动,第二上弦按钮与第二滑块连接并可带动第二滑块向后移动。
上述活检装置进行全行程取样的上弦击发方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 上弦;
分别按压第一上弦按钮和第二上弦按钮;通过第一上弦按钮带动第一滑块向后移动压缩第一击发弹簧,直至第一滑块上的第一弹性倒钩被锁止,第一滑块及针管完成上弦;通过第二上弦按钮带动第二滑块向后移动压缩第二击发弹簧,直至第二滑块上的第二弹性倒钩被锁止,第二滑块及针芯完成上弦;
2) 击发;
按压后击发按钮或向前推动侧击发按钮,带动击发连杆向前移动;首先,击发连杆通过第二击发部促使第二弹性倒钩产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部分离从而使第二滑块解除锁止状态,第二滑块在第二击发弹簧的推动下向前移动,完成第二滑块及针芯的解锁击发;与此同时,击发连杆的第一击发部不接触第一滑块上的第一弹性倒钩,维持第一滑块的锁止状态;这样,针芯的取样槽露出针管的前端;然后,随着击发连杆继续向前移动,击发连杆通过第一击发部促使第一弹性倒钩产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部分离从而使第一滑块解除锁止状态,第一滑块在第一击发弹簧的推动下向前移动,完成第一滑块及针管的解锁击发,针管前移将针芯的取样槽收入其前端内;与此同时,击发连杆的顶推部与释放部相抵并促使取样行程调节部件转动进而使得钩挂凸台退出第一弹性倒钩的前后移动路径,以避免第一弹性倒钩在击发前移过程中与钩挂凸台接触;最后,松开后击发按钮和侧击发按钮,击发连杆在复位弹簧的推动下向后移动复位,取样行程调节部件在弹性件作用下复位。
上活检装置进行非全行程取样的上弦击发方法,包括如下步骤:
1)上弦;
分别按压第一上弦按钮和第二上弦按钮;通过第一上弦按钮带动第一滑块向后移动压缩第一击发弹簧,直至第一滑块上的第一弹性倒钩与取样行程调节部件上的钩挂凸台锁止,第一滑块及针管完成上弦;通过第二上弦按钮带动第二滑块向后移动压缩第二击发弹簧,直至第二滑块上的第二弹性倒钩被锁止,第二滑块及针芯完成上弦;
2)击发;
按压后击发按钮或向前推动侧击发按钮,带动击发连杆向前移动;首先,击发连杆通过第二击发部促使第二弹性倒钩产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部分离从而使第二滑块解除锁止状态,第二滑块在第二击发弹簧的推动下向前移动,完成第二滑块及针芯的解锁击发;与此同时,击发连杆的第一击发部和顶推部不接触第一滑块上的第一弹性倒钩,维持第一滑块的锁止状态;这样,针芯的部分取样槽露出针管的前端;然后,随着击发连杆继续向前移动,击发连杆前端的顶推部与释放部相抵并能够促使取样行程调节部件转动进而使得钩挂凸台退出第一弹性倒钩的前后移动路径,以解除钩挂凸台对第一弹性倒钩的卡合锁止,第一滑块在第一击发弹簧的推动下向前移动,完成第一滑块及针管的解锁击发,针管前移将针芯的取样槽收入其前端内;最后,松开后击发按钮和侧击发按钮,击发连杆在复位弹簧的推动下向后移动复位,取样行程调节部件在弹性件作用下复位。
有益效果
本发明由于采用了以上的技术方案,使针芯针管能够依次击发,组织能够充分的落入内针取样槽中,取样效果好,结构合理,操作便捷舒适,且具有一定的成本优势。本发明设置有保险按钮,能有效防止误操作,取样过程更安全。本发明设置有可调的取样行程,能适用不同大小的病变组织,能够取到不同长度的组织样本,不仅具有用途广的优点,还能减小对健康组织的损伤,有效降低患者的疼痛感。另外,本发明在滑块上设置有减震垫圈,能够缓冲滑块的撞击力,减小工作噪音对患者带来的恐惧感,用户使用体验较好。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的立体图;
图2是实施例1的爆炸图;
图3是击发连杆的结构示意图;
图4是击发连杆和取样行程调整节部件的配合结构示意图;
图5是第一安装框架及相关部件的配合结构示意图;
图6是第一安装框架、击发连杆及相关部件的配合结构示意图;
图7是两个安装框架、击发连杆及相关部件的配合结构示意图(视角一);
图8是第二安装框架、击发连杆及相关部件的配合结构示意图;
图9是两个安装框架、击发连杆及相关部件的配合结构示意图(视角二);
图10是实施例1的局部剖视图(保险按钮锁止);
图11是实施例1的上弦示意图之一;
图12是实施例1的上弦示意图之二;
图13是实施例1上弦状态的局部剖视图(保险按钮打开,全行程取样);
图14是实施例1的击发示意图之一;
图15是实施例1的击发示意图之二;
图16是实施例1击发状态的结构示意图(击发连杆复位);
图17是实施例1非全行程取样的上弦示意图之一;
图18是实施例1非全行程取样的上弦示意图之二;
图19是实施例1非全行程取样的击发示意图;
图20(a)是 全行程取样示意图之一;
图20(b)是 全行程取样示意图之二;
图20(c)是 全行程取样示意图之三;
图21(a)是非全行程(半行程)取样示意图之一;
图21(b)是非全行程(半行程)取样示意图之二;
图21(c)是非全行程(半行程)取样示意图之三。
其中,1、针芯,2、针管,3、套管,4、第一壳体,5、第一减震垫圈,6、第一滑块,61、第一弹性倒钩,62、第一连接部,7、第一击发弹簧,8、第一安装框架,81、第一滑道,82、第一长孔,83、第二滑道,84、第二长孔,85、第一锁止部,86、第五滑道,87、复位弹簧空间,88、第二锁止部,89、铰接孔,9、第二减震垫圈,10、第二滑块,101、第二弹性倒钩,102、第二连接部,11、第二击发弹簧,12、保险按钮,13、击发连杆,131、后击发按钮,132、锁止凹槽,133、第一击发部,134、复位部,135、连接部,136、第二击发部,137、顶推部,14、第一上弦按钮,15、取样行程调整部件,151、钩挂凸台,152、释放部,153、铰接部,16、弹性件,17、侧击发按钮,171、限位卡凸,18、复位弹簧,19、第二上弦按钮,20、第二壳体,22、第二安装框架,220、定位柱。
本发明的实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上,除非另有明确的限定。
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触,也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且,第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
实施例1:
为了表述方便和便于理解,本实施例中以针芯取样端为前,手柄端为后,并以垂直前后方向分别定义左右方向和上下方向。
如图1和图2所示的一种活检装置,包括针芯1、针管2以及用于操控针芯针管进行活检取样的操作手柄,所述操作手柄包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块6、第一击发弹簧7、第二滑块10和第二击发弹簧11,针管2的后端与第一滑块6固定连接,针芯1的后端穿出针管2及第一滑块6后与第二滑块10固定连接,第一击发弹簧7的前端与第一滑块6相抵,第一击发弹簧7的后端与安装框架相抵,第二击发弹簧11的前端与第二滑块10相抵,第二击发弹簧11的后端与安装框架相抵;所述安装框架上还设有用于驱动第一滑块6和第二滑块10后移锁止定位并将第一击发弹簧7和第二击发弹簧11压缩蓄势的上弦击发机构,用于解除第一滑块6和/或第二滑块10锁止定位的击发解锁机构。
所述上弦击发机构包括第一上弦按钮14和第二上弦按钮19,第一上弦按钮14与第一滑块6连接并可带动第一滑块6后移,第一滑块6上设有第一弹性倒钩61,第一滑块6向后移动到位后通过第一弹性倒钩61与设置在安装框架上的第一锁止部85钩挂锁止以实现上弦,第二上弦按钮19与第二滑块10连接并可带动第二滑块10向后移动,第二滑块10上设有第二弹性倒钩101,第二滑块10向后移动到位后通过第二弹性倒钩101与设置在安装框架上的第二锁止部88钩挂锁止以实现上弦。
所述击发解锁机构包括击发连杆13,击发连杆13设置在安装框架上并可以前后移动,击发连杆13上设有第一击发部133和第二击发部136,击发连杆13通过第一击发部133促使第一弹性倒钩61产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部85分离从而使第一滑块6解除锁止状态,击发连杆13通过第二击发部136促使第二弹性倒钩101产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部88分离从而使第二滑块10解除锁止状态。
本实施例中,如图2所示,安装框架包括左右配合固定的第一安装框架8和第二安装框架22,安装框架的外面固定有手柄壳体,该手柄壳体包括左右配合固定的第一壳体4和第二壳体20,第一壳体4和第二壳体20之间通过紧固件或者卡扣固定连接,第一安装框架8和第二安装框架22之间通过紧固件固定连接,安装框架与壳体之间通过定位柱220、定位槽配合实现固定。这样结构简单合理,组装方便,性价比高。
本实施例中,所述针芯1上(例如针芯后端)设有防滑、防脱特征(例如内凹、外凸等),该防滑特征能够使针芯与滑块10固定连接(例如粘接)牢固;针管2上(例如针管后端)设有防滑、防脱特征(例如喇叭口、法兰面等),该防滑特征能够使针管与滑块6连接(例如粘接)牢固。
本实施例中,优选在手柄壳体前端固定有套管3,针芯1、针管2穿过套管3,这样,套管3能够确保针芯1、针管2运动时的同轴性。
本实施例中,如图1和图2所示,第一上弦按钮14和第二上弦按钮19设置在手柄壳体的前端且左右并排设置,第一上弦按钮14伸入手柄壳体内的延伸臂与第一滑块6连接以能够向后推动第一滑块6,第二上弦按钮19伸入手柄壳体内的延伸臂与第二滑块10连接以能够向后推动第二滑块10,第一上弦按钮14的延伸臂和第二上弦按钮19的延伸臂分别设置在安装框架的左右两侧。这样,按压两个上弦按钮对针芯和针管分别独立进行上弦操作,操作方便,结构合理,上弦击发动作可靠稳定。
如图7和图9所示,其中优选,所述第一滑块6上设有第一连接部62,第一连接部62伸出安装框架上的第一长孔82后与第一上弦按钮14的延伸臂连接,当第一滑块6前后移动时,第一连接部62沿第一长孔82前后移动;第二滑块10上设有第二连接部102,第二连接部102伸出安装框架上的第二长孔84后与第二上弦按钮19的延伸臂连接,当第二滑块10前后移动时,第二连接部102沿第二长孔84前后移动。这样,结构合理,方便安装、连接可靠。在其他实施方式中,所述连接部也可以固定或一体成型设置在上弦按钮的延伸臂上,穿过安装框架上的长孔后与安装框架内的滑块插接。其中优选,所述第一上弦按钮14的延伸臂通过卡槽或连接孔与第一连接部62相互配合以实现能够向后推动第一滑块6,第二上弦按钮19的延伸臂通过卡槽或连接孔与第二连接部102相互配合以实现能够向后推动第二滑块10。进一步地,所述卡槽从前后两侧对所述连接部进行限位,从而上弦按钮与相应的滑块同步运动,这样,便于术者直观了解活检装置是否处于上弦状态,避免重复操作。在其他实施方式中,所述上弦按钮的延伸臂仅在按压上弦时与相应的滑块连接并实施上弦,上弦完成后,所述上弦按钮的延伸臂与相应的滑块分离,滑块及其针芯或针管独自进行击发,不带动上弦按钮一起运动,为避免上弦按钮任意活动,可在手柄壳体内设置弹簧对上弦按钮进行复位。所述连接部可以是圆柱形、方柱形或者其他任何能够传递作用力的形状。
本实施例中,如图5至图9所示,安装框架的前部设置第一滑道81,第一滑块6和第一击发弹簧7安装在第一滑道81内,安装框架的后部设置第二滑道83,第二滑块10和第二击发弹簧11安装在第二滑道83内,第一滑道81的前端、第二滑道83的后端以及第一滑道81和第二滑道83之间均设置有阻挡部,从而,第一滑块6被限制在第一滑道81内滑动,第二滑块10被限制在第二滑道83内滑动。所述安装框架上设置有第一锁止部85、和第二锁止部88,第一锁止部85为凸起卡位,第一锁止部85的前侧设有用于促使第一滑块6上的第一弹性倒钩61产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第一锁止部85的后侧是能够与第一弹性倒钩61的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面,第二锁止部88为凸起卡位,第二锁止部88的前侧设有用于促使第二滑块10上的第二弹性倒钩101产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第二锁止部88的后侧是能够与第二弹性倒钩101的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面。
本实施例中,如图3和图4所示,击发连杆13上设有第一击发部133和第二击发部136,第一击发部133和第二击发部136均呈斜坡状,相应地,第一弹性倒钩61和第二弹性倒钩101上也分别设有与第一击发部133和第二击发部136相配合的斜坡;击发连杆13前后移动实施击发时,第二击发部136首先顶推第二滑块10上的第二弹性倒钩101使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第二锁止部88分离从而使与针芯1连接的第二滑块10解锁击发,然后第一击发部133顶推第一滑块6的第一弹性倒钩61使其产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部85分离从而使与针管2连接的第一滑块6解锁击发。这样,击发部和弹性倒钩通过斜坡配合,更加省力、滑动顺畅。通过设置两个击发部在击发连杆上的具体位置和斜坡形状不仅实现了两个滑块的联动依次击发,而且可以方便的调整设计针芯针管的依次击发间隔时间,充分保证很好的取样效果,结构简单,使用方便,运行可靠。
本实施例中,如图5、图8所示,击发连杆13上设有复位部134,该复位部134与安装框架之间设有复位弹簧18,这样,击发连杆13移动击发后,通过复位弹簧18带动击发连杆13复位。其中优选,安装框架上设有复位弹簧空间87和第五滑道86,复位弹簧18被限制在该复位弹簧空间87内,复位弹簧空间87的后端连通第五滑道86,击发连杆13上的复位部134插设在第五滑道86内并能够前后移动,当击发连杆13向前移动时,复位弹簧18的前端与安装框架相抵,复位弹簧18的后端与击发连杆13上的复位部134相抵。这样,不仅击发连杆能够快速复位,而且安装方便,前后导向移动稳定可靠,击发连杆13的移动击发阻力更小,方便术者操作。
本实施例中,如图5和图9所示,所述第一滑道81和第二滑道83由第一安装框架8和第二安装框架22共同设置形成,击发连杆13沿形成在第一安装框架8和第二安装框架22之间的滑槽前后滑动,第一击发部133和第二击发部136设置在击发连杆13靠近第一滑道81和第二滑道83的一侧,第一锁止部85设置在第一安装框架8和/或第二安装框架22上并位于击发连杆13与第一滑道81之间,第一锁止部85位于第一击发部133的一侧或两侧,第一弹性倒钩61设置在第一滑块6靠近击发连杆13的一侧,第一弹性倒钩61的前后移动路径经过第一锁止部85并与第一击发部133的前后移动路径部分重合,第一弹性倒钩61自由端的宽度大于第一击发部133的宽度;第二锁止部88设置在第一安装框架8和/或第二安装框架22上并位于击发连杆13与第二滑道83之间,第二锁止部88位于第二击发部136的一侧或两侧,第二弹性倒钩101设置在第二滑块10靠近击发连杆13的一侧,第二弹性倒钩101的前后移动路径经过第二锁止部88并与第二击发部136的前后移动路径部分重合,第二弹性倒钩101自由端的宽度大于第二击发部136的宽度。这样,不仅方便弹性倒钩与锁止部卡合锁止限位,也便于击发连杆上的击发部顶推弹性倒钩产生弹性收缩变形实施解锁击发,结构合理,方便组装,动作运行可靠稳定。
本实施例中,当第一滑块6处于上弦锁止状态时,第一锁止部85和第一击发部133分别位于第一弹性倒钩61的自由端的前后两侧,当第二滑块10处于上弦锁止状态时,第二锁止部88和第二击发部136分别位于第二弹性倒钩101的自由端的前后两侧。这样结构简单合理,动作稳定可靠,制造组装方便,成本低。
本实施例中,第一滑块6前端设置有第一减震垫圈5,第一减震垫圈5具有缓冲第一滑块6撞击第一滑道81前部阻挡部的作用,以降低噪音,提高使用寿命;第二滑块10前端设置有第二减震垫圈9,第二减震垫圈9具有缓冲第二滑块10撞击第二滑道83前部阻挡部的作用,以降低噪音,提高使用寿命。
本实施例中,如图3至图4和图6至图9所示,击发连杆13由暴露在手柄壳体外面的后击发按钮131或者侧击发按钮17推动,后击发按钮131或者侧击发按钮17与击发连杆13一体成型或者固定配合。其中优选,后击发按钮131一体成型在击发连杆13的后端,侧击发按钮17通过插接配合与击发连杆13固定连接,侧击发按钮17通过限位卡凸171与手柄壳体限位配合并实现前后导向移动。本实施例中,击发连杆13的一侧设有连接部135,侧击发按钮17插入手柄壳体内部的延伸臂上设有与所述连接部135插套配合的卡槽,侧击发按钮17的左右两侧均设有限位卡凸171,两个限位卡凸171插入手柄壳体内并与手柄壳体卡扣限位配合。
为了避免产品上弦后出现碰撞击发按钮发生误击发的情况,还设置有保险按钮12,该保险按钮12插入手柄壳体内部并经过击发连杆13的一侧,保险按钮12的至少一端凸出手柄壳体,保险按钮12和击发连杆13上的锁止凹槽132配合限位从而实现对击发连杆13的锁止固定,通过移动保险按钮12使其与锁止凹槽132脱离配合从而实现解除对击发连杆13的锁定。本实施例中,如图6、图7所示,保险按钮12在手柄壳体中上下移动,保险按钮12在手柄壳体内的部分上形成有导片以便于上下移动导向和限位,保险按钮12上设有锁止部,击发连杆13上设置相应的锁止凹槽132,向上移动保险按钮12则锁止部离开锁止凹槽132,击发连杆13可以前后移动实施击发,向下移动保险按钮12则锁止部卡入锁止凹槽132实现限位锁止,击发连杆13不能前后移动。
为了调整取样行程,在一个活检装置上实现多个取样行程的活检取样,还设置有取样行程调整机构,如图4和图6所示,包括一取样行程调整部件15,该取样行程调整部件15上设有一钩挂凸台151,取样行程调整部件能够活动并至少具有锁止状态和解锁状态两种状态,当取样行程调整部件处于锁止状态时,钩挂凸台151设置在第一滑块6上第一弹性倒钩61的前后移动路径上,第一弹性倒钩61能够与钩挂凸台151钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块6被锁止在该位置时,针芯1的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管2从而能够实施非全行程取样;当取样行程调整部件处于解锁状态时,钩挂凸台151离开第一滑块6上第一弹性倒钩61的前后移动路径,第一弹性倒钩61可以自由通行不受阻碍。
本实施例中,如图4、图6和图7所示,所述取样行程调整部件15与安装框架铰接并能够上下摆动,取样行程调整部件15具有一钩挂凸台151和一释放部152,一弹性件16促使取样行程调整部件15转动并使得钩挂凸台151能够进入第一滑块6上第一弹性倒钩61的前后移动路径(即该弹性件促使该取样行程调整部件从解锁状态回复至锁止状态);如图17至图18所示,第一滑块6的第一弹性倒钩61后移与钩挂凸台151钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块6被锁止在该位置时,针芯1的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管2从而能够实施非全行程(或称半行程取样);如图15和图19所示,击发连杆13前端设有顶推部137,当击发连杆13前移时,顶推部137与释放部152相抵并能够促使取样行程调节部件15转动进而使得钩挂凸台151退出第一弹性倒钩61的前后移动路径,这样,在进行非全行程取样时,击发连杆13可以解除钩挂凸台151对第一弹性倒钩61的卡合锁止以实现第一滑块6的释放击发,在进行全行程取样时,击发连杆13可以避免第一弹性倒钩61在击发前移过程中与钩挂凸台151接触。这样,通过调整第一上弦按钮14的按压行程就可以对第一滑块6的上弦锁止位置进行选择,实现对活检装置取样行程(取样量)的调整,不需要人为操作取样行程按钮进行事先设置,结构简单合理,操作方便可靠。
上述所称的“全行程取样”,也称全槽取样,是指针芯1的全部取样槽穿刺入目标取样组织获取活检样本,其具体过程如下:
针芯1和针管2完成上弦后,针芯1的取样槽全部收入在针管2内,将针芯和针管的前端穿刺至目标取样组织100,如图20(a)所示;先击发针芯1刺入目标取样组织100,针芯1上的全部取样槽露出针管2外面,目标取样组织100填充全部取样槽,如图20(b)所示;再击发针管2,活检样本301被针管2从目标穿刺组织100上切割下来并存储在针芯的取样槽中,如图20(c)所示。
上述所称的“非全行程取样”,也称部分行程取样或半行程取样,是指针芯1的一部分取样槽穿刺入目标取样组织获取活检样本,其具体过程如下:
针芯1和针管2完成上弦后,针芯1的取样槽全部收入在针管2内,将针芯和针管的前端穿刺至目标取样组织100,如图21(a)所示;先击发针芯1刺入目标取样组织100,针芯1上的部分取样槽(一般为全取样槽的一半长度)露出针管2外面,目标取样组织100填充这部分取样槽,如图21(b)所示;再击发针管2,活检样本302被针管2从目标穿刺组织100上切割下来并存储在针芯的取样槽中,如图21(c)所示,该活检样本302长度明显短于与图20(c)中的全行程取样的活检样本,可以适用不同取样量的要求。
本实施例中,如图4至图6所示,取样行程调整部件15呈前后延伸的杆状,取样行程调节部件15左右两侧设有铰接部153,铰接部153插设在安装框架上的铰接孔89中从而实现取样行程调节部件15与安装框架的铰接,所述弹性件16为套设在铰接部153上的扭簧,扭簧一端与安装框架相抵,扭簧另一端与取样行程调节部件15的前端相抵,释放部152位于取样行程调节部件15的后端。这样结构简单,回复可靠,安装方便。在其他实施方式中,所述弹性件16还可以是压簧、弹片或橡胶件等。
本实施例中,如图4至图7所示,所述顶推部137位于第一击发部133的一侧,以避免顶推部137与第一滑块6上的第一弹性倒钩61接触;顶推部137与释放部152接触的接触面为斜坡或弧面,释放部152与顶推部137接触的接触面为斜坡或弧面。这样结构简单合理,运动稳定可靠,解锁方便,制造成本低。进一步优选,顶推部137和第一锁止部85分别位于第一击发部133的左右两侧,顶推部137位于第一弹性倒钩61前后移动路径的左侧或右侧,第一弹性倒钩61自由端的宽度大于顶推部137的宽度。这样结构更加合理,组装更加方便。
在其他实施方式中,还可以设置多个取样行程调节部件15以适用于获取不同长度的活检标本。
上述活检装置在不使用时,如图10所示,第一滑块6和第二滑块10处于未上弦状态,针芯1的取样槽收入在针管2内,保险按钮12锁止击发连杆13,后击发按钮131和侧击发按钮17无法按动。
上述活检装置全行程取样的上弦击发过程/方法,包括如下步骤:
1)上弦;
如图11和图12所示,分别按压第一上弦按钮14和第二上弦按钮19;通过第一上弦按钮14带动第一滑块6向后移动压缩第一击发弹簧7,直至第一滑块6上的第一弹性倒钩61被锁止,第一滑块6及针管2完成上弦;通过第二上弦按钮19带动第二滑块10向后移动压缩第二击发弹簧11,直至第二滑块10上的第二弹性倒钩101被锁止,第二滑块10及针芯1完成上弦;此时,优选保险按钮12锁止击发连杆13,以避免误击发。
2)打开保险;
如图13所示,打开保险按钮12,解除对击发连杆13的锁止。
3)击发;
按压后击发按钮131或向前推动侧击发按钮17,带动击发连杆13向前移动;
首先,如图14所示,击发连杆13通过第二击发部136促使第二弹性倒钩101产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部88分离从而使第二滑块10解除锁止状态,第二滑块10在第二击发弹簧11的推动下向前移动,完成第二滑块10及针芯1的解锁击发;与此同时,击发连杆13的第一击发部133不接触第一滑块6上的第一弹性倒钩61,维持第一滑块6的锁止状态;这样,针芯1的取样槽露出针管2的前端。
然后,随着击发连杆13继续向前移动,如图15所示,击发连杆13通过第一击发部133促使第一弹性倒钩61产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部85分离从而使第一滑块6解除锁止状态,第一滑块6在第一击发弹簧7的推动下向前移动,完成第一滑块6及针管2的解锁击发,针管2前移将针芯1的取样槽收入其前端内;与此同时,击发连杆13的顶推部137与释放部152相抵并促使取样行程调节部件15转动进而使得钩挂凸台151退出第一弹性倒钩61的前后移动路径,以避免第一弹性倒钩61在击发前移过程中与钩挂凸台151接触。
最后,松开后击发按钮131和侧击发按钮17,如图16所示,击发连杆13在复位弹簧18的推动下向后移动复位,取样行程调节部件15在弹性件16作用下复位。
上述活检装置非全行程取样的上弦击发过程/方法,包括如下步骤:
1)非全行程上弦;
分别按压第一上弦按钮14和第二上弦按钮19;通过第一上弦按钮14带动第一滑块6向后移动压缩第一击发弹簧7,直至第一滑块6上的第一弹性倒钩61与取样行程调节部件15上的钩挂凸台151锁止,第一滑块6及针管2完成上弦,如图17所示;通过第二上弦按钮19带动第二滑块10向后移动压缩第二击发弹簧11,直至第二滑块10上的第二弹性倒钩101被锁止,第二滑块10及针芯1完成上弦,如图18所示;此时,优选保险按钮12锁止击发连杆13,以避免误击发。
2)打开保险;
打开保险按钮12,解除对击发连杆13的锁止。
3)击发;
按压后击发按钮131或向前推动侧击发按钮17,带动击发连杆13向前移动;
首先,击发连杆13通过第二击发部136促使第二弹性倒钩101产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部88分离从而使第二滑块10解除锁止状态,第二滑块10在第二击发弹簧11的推动下向前移动,完成第二滑块10及针芯1的解锁击发;与此同时,击发连杆13的第一击发部133和顶推部137不接触第一滑块6上的第一弹性倒钩61,维持第一滑块6的锁止状态;这样,针芯1的部分取样槽露出针管2的前端。
然后,如图19所示,随着击发连杆13继续向前移动,击发连杆13前端的顶推部137与释放部152相抵并能够促使取样行程调节部件15转动进而使得钩挂凸台151退出第一弹性倒钩61的前后移动路径,以解除钩挂凸台151对第一弹性倒钩61的卡合锁止,第一滑块6在第一击发弹簧7的推动下向前移动,完成第一滑块6及针管2的解锁击发,针管2前移将针芯1的取样槽收入其前端内。
最后,松开后击发按钮131和侧击发按钮17,击发连杆13在复位弹簧18的推动下向后移动复位,取样行程调节部件15在弹性件16作用下复位,如图16所示。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种活检装置,包括针芯(1)、针管(2)以及用于操控针芯针管进行活检取样的操作手柄,其特征在于,所述操作手柄包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块(6)、第一击发弹簧(7)、第二滑块(10)和第二击发弹簧(11),针管(2)的后端与第一滑块(6)固定连接,针芯(1)的后端穿出针管(2)及第一滑块(6)后与第二滑块(10)固定连接,第一击发弹簧(7)的前端与第一滑块(6)相抵,第一击发弹簧(7)的后端与安装框架相抵,第二击发弹簧(11)的前端与第二滑块(10)相抵,第二击发弹簧(11)的后端与安装框架相抵;所述安装框架上还设有用于驱动第一滑块(6)和第二滑块(10)后移锁止定位并将第一击发弹簧(7)和第二击发弹簧(11)压缩蓄势的上弦击发机构,用于解除第一滑块(6)和/或第二滑块(10)锁止定位的击发解锁机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,所述上弦击发机构包括第一上弦按钮(14)和第二上弦按钮(19),第一上弦按钮(14)与第一滑块(6)连接并可带动第一滑块(6)向后移动,第一滑块(6)上设有第一弹性倒钩(61),第一滑块(6)向后移动到位后通过第一弹性倒钩(61)与设置在安装框架上的第一锁止部(85)钩挂锁止以实现上弦,第二上弦按钮(19)与第二滑块(10)连接并可带动第二滑块(10)向后移动,第二滑块(10)上设有第二弹性倒钩(101),第二滑块(10)向后移动到位后通过第二弹性倒钩(101)与设置在安装框架上的第二锁止部(88)钩挂锁止以实现上弦。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,安装框架的前部设置第一滑道(81),第一滑块(6)和第一击发弹簧(7)安装在第一滑道(81)内,安装框架的后部设置第二滑道(83),第二滑块(10)和第二击发弹簧(11)安装在第二滑道(83)内,第一滑道(81)的前端、第二滑道(83)的后端以及第一滑道(81)和第二滑道(83)之间均设置有阻挡部,从而,第一滑块(6)被限制在第一滑道(81)内滑动,第二滑块(10)被限制在第二滑道(83)内滑动;所述安装框架上设置有第一锁止部(85)和第二锁止部(88),第一锁止部(85)为凸起卡位,第一锁止部(85)的前侧设有用于促使第一滑块(6)上的第一弹性倒钩(61)产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第一锁止部(85)的后侧是能够与第一弹性倒钩(61)的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面,第二锁止部(88)为凸起卡位,第二锁止部(88)的前侧设有用于促使第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第二锁止部(88)的后侧是能够与第二弹性倒钩(101)的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面;安装框架的外面固定有手柄壳体,第一上弦按钮(14)和第二上弦按钮(19)设置在手柄壳体的前端且左右并排设置,第一上弦按钮(14)伸入手柄壳体内的延伸臂与第一滑块(6)连接以能够向后推动第一滑块(6),第二上弦按钮(19)伸入手柄壳体内的延伸臂与第二滑块(10)连接以能够向后推动第二滑块(10),第一上弦按钮(14)的延伸臂和第二上弦按钮(19)的延伸臂分别设置在安装框架的左右两侧。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,所述击发解锁机构包括击发连杆(13),击发连杆(13)设置在安装框架上并可以前后移动,击发连杆(13)上设有第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136),击发连杆(13)通过第一击发部(133)促使第一弹性倒钩(61)产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部(85)分离从而使第一滑块(6)解除锁止状态,击发连杆(13)通过第二击发部(136)促使第二弹性倒钩(101)产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部(88)分离从而使第二滑块(10)解除锁止状态。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)均呈斜坡状,相应地,第一弹性倒钩(61)和第二弹性倒钩(101)上也分别设有与第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)相配合的斜坡;击发连杆(13)前后移动实施击发时,第二击发部(136)首先顶推第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第二锁止部(88)分离从而使与针芯(1)连接的第二滑块(10)解锁击发,然后第一击发部(133)顶推第一滑块(6)的第一弹性倒钩(61)使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第一锁止部(85)分离从而使与针管(2)连接的第一滑块(6)解锁击发;击发连杆(13)上设有复位部(134),该复位部(134)与安装框架之间设有复位弹簧(18);安装框架上设有复位弹簧空间(87)和第五滑道(86),复位弹簧(18)被限制在该复位弹簧空间(87)内,复位弹簧空间(87)的后端连通第五滑道(86),击发连杆(13)上的复位部(134)插设在第五滑道(86)内并能够前后移动,当击发连杆(13)向前移动时,复位弹簧(18)的前端与安装框架相抵,复位弹簧(18)的后端与击发连杆(13)上的复位部(134)相抵。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,第一滑块(6)前端设置有第一减震垫圈(5),第二滑块(10)前端设置有第二减震垫圈(9)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,击发连杆(13)由暴露在手柄壳体外面的后击发按钮(131)或者侧击发按钮(17)推动,后击发按钮(131)或者侧击发按钮(17)与击发连杆(13)一体成型或者固定配合。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,还设置有保险按钮(12),该保险按钮(12)插入手柄壳体内部并经过击发连杆(13)的一侧,保险按钮(12)的至少一端凸出手柄壳体,保险按钮(12)和击发连杆(13)上的锁止凹槽(132)配合限位从而实现对击发连杆(13)的锁止固定,通过移动保险按钮(12)使其与锁止凹槽(132)脱离配合从而实现解除对击发连杆(13)的锁定。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种活检装置,其特征在于,还设置有取样行程调整机构,包括一取样行程调整部件(15),该取样行程调整部件(15)上设有一钩挂凸台(151),该取样行程调整部件(15)能够活动并至少具有锁止状态和解锁状态两种状态,当取样行程调整部件处于锁止状态时,钩挂凸台(151)设置在第一滑块(6)上第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径上,第一弹性倒钩(61)能够与钩挂凸台(151)钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块(6)被锁止在该位置时,针芯(1)的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管(2)从而能够实施非全行程取样;当取样行程调整部件处于解锁状态时,钩挂凸台(151)离开第一滑块(6)上第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径,第一弹性倒钩(61)可以自由通行不受阻碍;所述取样行程调整部件(15)与安装框架铰接并能够上下摆动,取样行程调整部件(15)具有一钩挂凸台(151)和一释放部(152),一弹性件(16)促使取样行程调整部件(15)转动并使得钩挂凸台(151)能够进入第一滑块(6)上第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径;第一滑块(6)的第一弹性倒钩(61)后移与钩挂凸台(151)钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块(6)被锁止在该位置时,针芯(1)的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管(2);击发连杆(13)前端设有顶推部(137),当击发连杆(13)前移时,顶推部(137)与释放部(152)相抵并能够促使取样行程调节部件(15)转动进而使得钩挂凸台(151)退出第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的一种活检装置的上弦击发方法,包括如下步骤:
    1)上弦;
    分别按压第一上弦按钮(14)和第二上弦按钮(19);通过第一上弦按钮(14)带动第一滑块(6)向后移动压缩第一击发弹簧(7),直至第一滑块(6)上的第一弹性倒钩(61)被锁止,第一滑块(6)及针管(2)完成上弦;通过第二上弦按钮(19)带动第二滑块(10)向后移动压缩第二击发弹簧(11),直至第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)被锁止,第二滑块(10)及针芯(1)完成上弦;
    2)击发;
    按压后击发按钮(131)或向前推动侧击发按钮(17),带动击发连杆(13)向前移动;
    首先,击发连杆(13)通过第二击发部(136)促使第二弹性倒钩(101)产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部(88)分离从而使第二滑块(10)解除锁止状态,第二滑块(10)在第二击发弹簧(11)的推动下向前移动,完成第二滑块(10)及针芯(1)的解锁击发;与此同时,击发连杆(13)的第一击发部(133)不接触第一滑块(6)上的第一弹性倒钩(61),维持第一滑块(6)的锁止状态;这样,针芯(1)的取样槽露出针管(2)的前端;
    然后,随着击发连杆(13)继续向前移动,击发连杆(13)通过第一击发部(133)促使第一弹性倒钩(61)产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部(85)分离从而使第一滑块(6)解除锁止状态,第一滑块(6)在第一击发弹簧(7)的推动下向前移动,完成第一滑块(6)及针管(2)的解锁击发,针管(2)前移将针芯(1)的取样槽收入其前端内;与此同时,击发连杆(13)的顶推部(137)与释放部(152)相抵并促使取样行程调节部件(15)转动进而使得钩挂凸台(151)退出第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径,以避免第一弹性倒钩(61)在击发前移过程中与钩挂凸台(151)接触;
    最后,松开后击发按钮(131)和侧击发按钮(17),击发连杆(13)在复位弹簧(18)的推动下向后移动复位,取样行程调节部件(15)在弹性件(16)作用下复位。
  11. 一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块(6)、第一击发弹簧(7)、第二滑块(10)、第二击发弹簧(11)和击发连杆(13),第一滑块(6)与针管(2)的后端固定连接,第一击发弹簧(7)的前端与第一滑块(6)相抵,第一击发弹簧(7)的后端与安装框架相抵,第一滑块(6)上设有第一弹性倒钩(61),第一滑块(6)向后移动到位后通过第一弹性倒钩(61)与设置在安装框架上的第一锁止部(85)钩挂锁止以实现上弦;第二滑块(10)与针芯(1)的后端固定连接,第二击发弹簧(11)的前端与第二滑块(10)相抵,第二击发弹簧(11)的后端与安装框架相抵, 第二滑块(10)上设有第二弹性倒钩(101),第二滑块(10)向后移动到位后通过第二弹性倒钩(101)与设置在安装框架上的第二锁止部(88)钩挂锁止以实现上弦;其中,第一滑块(6)和第二滑块(10)分别与安装框架前后滑动连接并且两者一前一后设置;击发连杆(13)设置在安装框架上并可以前后移动,击发连杆(13)上设有第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136),击发连杆(13)通过第一击发部(133)促使第一弹性倒钩(61)产生弹性形变并与第一锁止部(85)分离从而使第一滑块(6)解除锁止状态,击发连杆(13)通过第二击发部(136)促使第二弹性倒钩(101)产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部(88)分离从而使第二滑块(10)解除锁止状态。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,第一锁止部(85)为凸起卡位,第一锁止部(85)的前侧设有用于促使第一滑块(6)上的第一弹性倒钩(61)产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第一锁止部(85)的后侧是能够与第一弹性倒钩(61)的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面,第二锁止部(88)为凸起卡位,第二锁止部(88)的前侧设有用于促使第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第二锁止部88的后侧是能够与第二弹性倒钩(101)的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,击发连杆(13)上设有第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136),第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)均呈斜坡状,相应地,第一弹性倒钩(61)和第二弹性倒钩(101)上也分别设有与第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)相配合的斜坡;击发连杆(13)前后移动实施击发时,第二击发部(136)首先顶推第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第二锁止部(88)分离从而使与针芯(1)连接的第二滑块(10)解锁击发,然后第一击发部(133)顶推第一滑块(6)的第一弹性倒钩(61)使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第一锁止部(85)分离从而使与针管(2)连接的第一滑块(6)解锁击发。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,击发连杆(13)上设有复位部(134),该复位部(134)与安装框架之间设有复位弹簧(18);其中,安装框架上设有复位弹簧空间(87)和第五滑道(86),复位弹簧(18)被限制在该复位弹簧空间(87)内,复位弹簧空间(87)的后端连通第五滑道(86),击发连杆(13)上的复位部(134)插设在第五滑道(86)内并能够前后移动,当击发连杆(13)向前移动时,复位弹簧(18)的前端与安装框架相抵,复位弹簧(18)的后端与击发连杆(13)上的复位部(134)相抵。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,安装框架的前部设置第一滑道(81),第一滑块(6)和第一击发弹簧(7)安装在第一滑道(81)内,安装框架的后部设置第二滑道(83),第二滑块(10)和第二击发弹簧(11)安装在第二滑道(83)内,第一滑道(81)的前端、第二滑道(83)的后端以及第一滑道(81)和第二滑道(83)之间均设置有阻挡部,从而,第一滑块(6)被限制在第一滑道(81)内滑动,第二滑块(10)被限制在第二滑道(83)内滑动;其中,第一滑块(6)前端设置有第一减震垫圈(5),第二滑块(10)前端设置有第二减震垫圈(9)。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,所述第一滑道(81)和第二滑道(83)由第一安装框架(8)和第二安装框架(22)共同设置形成,击发连杆(13)沿形成在第一安装框架(8)和第二安装框架(22)之间的滑槽前后滑动,第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)设置在击发连杆(13)靠近第一滑道(81)和第二滑道(83)的一侧,第一锁止部(85)设置在第一安装框架(8)和/或第二安装框架(22)上并位于击发连杆(13)与第一滑道(81)之间,第一锁止部(85)位于第一击发部(133)的一侧或两侧,第一弹性倒钩(61)设置在第一滑块(6)靠近击发连杆(13)的一侧,第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径经过第一锁止部(85)并与第一击发部(133)的前后移动路径部分重合,第一弹性倒钩(61)自由端的宽度大于第一击发部(133)的宽度;第二锁止部(88)设置在第一安装框架(8)和/或第二安装框架(22)上并位于击发连杆(13)与第二滑道(83)之间,第二锁止部(88)位于第二击发部(136)的一侧或两侧,第二弹性倒钩(101)设置在第二滑块(10)靠近击发连杆(13)的一侧,第二弹性倒钩(101)的前后移动路径经过第二锁止部(88)并与第二击发部(136)的前后移动路径部分重合,第二弹性倒钩(101)自由端的宽度大于第二击发部(136)的宽度。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,当第一滑块(6)处于上弦锁止状态时,第一锁止部(85)和第一击发部(133)分别位于第一弹性倒钩(61)的自由端的前后两侧,当第二滑块(10)处于上弦锁止状态时,第二锁止部(88)和第二击发部(136)分别位于第二弹性倒钩(101)的自由端的前后两侧。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,击发连杆(13)由暴露在手柄壳体外面的后击发按钮(131)或者侧击发按钮(17)推动,后击发按钮(131)或者侧击发按钮(17)与击发连杆(13)一体成型或者固定配合。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构,其特征在于,还设置有保险按钮(12),该保险按钮(12)插入手柄壳体内部并经过击发连杆(13)的一侧,保险按钮(12)的至少一端凸出手柄壳体,保险按钮(12)和击发连杆(13)上的锁止凹槽(132)配合限位从而实现对击发连杆(13)的锁止固定,通过移动保险按钮(12)使其与锁止凹槽(132)脱离配合从而实现解除对击发连杆(13)的锁定。
  20. 一种活检装置,其特征在于,包括如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的一种活检装置的击发解锁机构。
  21. 一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,包括安装框架,安装框架内设有第一滑块(6)、第一击发弹簧(7)、第二滑块(10)和第二击发弹簧(11),第一滑块(6)与针管(2)的后端固定连接,第一击发弹簧(7)的前端与第一滑块(6)相抵,第一击发弹簧(7)的后端与安装框架相抵,第一滑块(6)上设有第一弹性倒钩(61),第一滑块(6)向后移动到位后通过第一弹性倒钩(61)与设置在安装框架上的第一锁止部(85)钩挂锁止以实现上弦;第二滑块(10)与针芯(1)的后端固定连接,第二击发弹簧(11)的前端与第二滑块(10)相抵,第二击发弹簧(11)的后端与安装框架相抵,第二滑块(10)上设有第二弹性倒钩(101),第二滑块(10)向后移动到位后通过第二弹性倒钩(101)与设置在安装框架上的第二锁止部(88)钩挂锁止以实现上弦;其中,第一滑块(6)和第二滑块(10)分别与安装框架前后滑动连接并且两者一前一后设置;其特征在于,还包括用于解除第一滑块(6)和/或第二滑块(10)锁止定位的击发连杆(13),以及一取样行程调整部件(15),该取样行程调整部件(15)上设有一钩挂凸台(151),该取样行程调整部件(15)能够活动并至少具有锁止状态和解锁状态两种状态,当取样行程调整部件处于锁止状态时,钩挂凸台(151)设置在第一滑块(6)上第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径上,第一弹性倒钩(61)能够与钩挂凸台(151)钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块(6)被锁止在该位置时,针芯(1)的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管(2)从而能够实施非全行程取样;当取样行程调整部件处于解锁状态时,钩挂凸台(151)离开第一滑块(6)上第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径,第一弹性倒钩(61)可以自由通行不受阻碍。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,击发连杆(13)上设有第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136),第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)均呈斜坡状,相应地,第一弹性倒钩(61)和第二弹性倒钩(101)上也分别设有与第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)相配合的斜坡;击发连杆(13)前后移动实施击发时,第二击发部(136)首先顶推第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第二锁止部(88)分离从而使与针芯(1)连接的第二滑块(10)解锁击发,然后第一击发部(133)顶推第一滑块(6)的第一弹性倒钩(61)使其产生弹性收缩形变并与第一锁止部(85)分离从而使与针管(2)连接的第一滑块(6)解锁击发。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,所述取样行程调整部件(15)与安装框架铰接并能够上下摆动,取样行程调整部件(15)具有一钩挂凸台(151)和一释放部(152),一弹性件(16)促使取样行程调整部件(15)转动并使得钩挂凸台(151)能够进入第一滑块(6)上第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径;第一滑块(6)的第一弹性倒钩(61)后移与钩挂凸台(151)钩挂定位从而实现上弦锁止,第一滑块(6)被锁止在该位置时,针芯(1)的取样槽仅有部分能够露出针管(2);击发连杆(13)前端设有顶推部(137),当击发连杆(13)前移时,顶推部(137)与释放部(152)相抵并能够促使取样行程调节部件(15)转动进而使得钩挂凸台(151)退出第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,所述顶推部(137)位于第一击发部(133)的一侧,顶推部(137)与释放部(152)接触的接触面为斜坡或弧面,释放部(152)与顶推部(137)接触的接触面为斜坡或弧面。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,顶推部(137)和第一锁止部(85)分别位于第一击发部(133)的左右两侧,顶推部(137)位于第一弹性倒钩(61)前后移动路径的左侧或右侧,第一弹性倒钩(61)自由端的宽度大于顶推部(137)的宽度。
  26. 根据权利要求23所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,所述取样行程调整部件(15)呈前后延伸的杆状,取样行程调节部件(15)左右两侧设有铰接部(153),铰接部(153)插设在安装框架上的铰接孔(89)中从而实现取样行程调节部件(15)与安装框架的铰接,所述弹性件(16)为套设在铰接部(153)上的扭簧,扭簧一端与安装框架相抵,扭簧另一端与取样行程调节部件(15)的前端相抵,释放部(152)位于取样行程调节部件(15)的后端。
  27. 根据权利要求23所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,安装框架的前部设置第一滑道(81),第一滑块(6)和第一击发弹簧(7)安装在第一滑道(81)内,安装框架的后部设置第二滑道(83),第二滑块(10)和第二击发弹簧(11)安装在第二滑道(83)内,第一滑道(81)的前端、第二滑道(83)的后端以及第一滑道(81)和第二滑道(83)之间均设置有阻挡部,从而,第一滑块(6)被限制在第一滑道(81)内滑动,第二滑块(10)被限制在第二滑道(83)内滑动;第一锁止部(85)为凸起卡位,第一锁止部(85)的前侧设有用于促使第一滑块(6)上的第一弹性倒钩(61)产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第一锁止部(85)的后侧是能够与第一弹性倒钩(61)的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面,第二锁止部(88)为凸起卡位,第二锁止部(88)的前侧设有用于促使第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)产生弹性收缩形变的斜坡面,第二锁止部(88)的后侧是能够与第二弹性倒钩(101)的自由端卡合锁止的卡合面;所述第一滑道(81)和第二滑道(83)由第一安装框架(8)和第二安装框架(22)共同设置形成,击发连杆(13)沿形成在第一安装框架(8)和第二安装框架(22)之间的滑槽前后滑动,第一击发部(133)和第二击发部(136)设置在击发连杆(13)靠近第一滑道(81)和第二滑道(83)的一侧,第一锁止部(85)设置在第一安装框架(8)和/或第二安装框架(22)上并位于击发连杆(13)与第一滑道(81)之间,第一锁止部(85)位于第一击发部(133)的一侧或两侧,第一弹性倒钩(61)设置在第一滑块(6)靠近击发连杆(13)的一侧,第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径经过第一锁止部(85)并与第一击发部(133)的前后移动路径部分重合,第一弹性倒钩(61)自由端的宽度大于第一击发部(133)的宽度;第二锁止部(88)设置在第一安装框架(8)和/或第二安装框架(22)上并位于击发连杆(13)与第二滑道(83)之间,第二锁止部(88)位于第二击发部(136)的一侧或两侧,第二弹性倒钩(101)设置在第二滑块(10)靠近击发连杆(13)的一侧,第二弹性倒钩(101)的前后移动路径经过第二锁止部(88)并与第二击发部(136)的前后移动路径部分重合,第二弹性倒钩(101)自由端的宽度大于第二击发部(136)的宽度。
  28. 根据权利要求23所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,其特征在于,当第一滑块(6)处于上弦锁止状态时,第一锁止部(85)和第一击发部(133)分别位于第一弹性倒钩(61)的自由端的前后两侧,当第二滑块(10)处于上弦锁止状态时,第二锁止部(88)和第二击发部(136)分别位于第二弹性倒钩(101)的自由端的前后两侧。
  29. 一种活检装置,其特征在于,包括如权利要求21至28中任一项所述的一种活检装置的取样行程调整机构,所述安装框架上还设有用于驱动第一滑块(6)和第二滑块(10)后移锁止定位并将第一击发弹簧(7)和第二击发弹簧(11)压缩蓄势的上弦击发机构;所述上弦击发机构包括第一上弦按钮(14)和第二上弦按钮(19),第一上弦按钮(14)与第一滑块(6)连接并可带动第一滑块(6)向后移动,第二上弦按钮(19)与第二滑块(10)连接并可带动第二滑块(10)向后移动。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的一种活检装置的上弦击发方法,包括如下步骤:
    1)上弦;
    分别按压第一上弦按钮(14)和第二上弦按钮(19);通过第一上弦按钮(14)带动第一滑块(6)向后移动压缩第一击发弹簧(7),直至第一滑块(6)上的第一弹性倒钩(61)与取样行程调节部件(15)上的钩挂凸台(151)锁止,第一滑块(6)及针管(2)完成上弦;通过第二上弦按钮(19)带动第二滑块(10)向后移动压缩第二击发弹簧(11),直至第二滑块(10)上的第二弹性倒钩(101)被锁止,第二滑块(10)及针芯(1)完成上弦;
    2)击发;
    按压后击发按钮(131)或向前推动侧击发按钮(17),带动击发连杆(13)向前移动;
    首先,击发连杆(13)通过第二击发部(136)促使第二弹性倒钩(101)产生弹性形变并与第二锁止部(88)分离从而使第二滑块(10)解除锁止状态,第二滑块(10)在第二击发弹簧(11)的推动下向前移动,完成第二滑块(10)及针芯(1)的解锁击发;与此同时,击发连杆(13)的第一击发部(133)和顶推部(137)不接触第一滑块(6)上的第一弹性倒钩(61),维持第一滑块(6)的锁止状态;这样,针芯(1)的部分取样槽露出针管(2)的前端;
    然后,随着击发连杆(13)继续向前移动,击发连杆(13)前端的顶推部(137)与释放部(152)相抵并能够促使取样行程调节部件(15)转动进而使得钩挂凸台(151)退出第一弹性倒钩(61)的前后移动路径,以解除钩挂凸台(151)对第一弹性倒钩(61)的卡合锁止,第一滑块(6)在第一击发弹簧(7)的推动下向前移动,完成第一滑块(6)及针管(2)的解锁击发,针管(2)前移将针芯(1)的取样槽收入其前端内;
    最后,松开后击发按钮(131)和侧击发按钮(17),击发连杆(13)在复位弹簧(18)的推动下向后移动复位,取样行程调节部件(15)在弹性件(16)作用下复位。
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