WO2019074401A1 - Procédé de fabrication de tiges ou de formes de coulée haute températures facilement éliminées - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de tiges ou de formes de coulée haute températures facilement éliminées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019074401A1
WO2019074401A1 PCT/RU2018/050104 RU2018050104W WO2019074401A1 WO 2019074401 A1 WO2019074401 A1 WO 2019074401A1 RU 2018050104 W RU2018050104 W RU 2018050104W WO 2019074401 A1 WO2019074401 A1 WO 2019074401A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mixture
individual sections
carried out
heating
binder
Prior art date
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PCT/RU2018/050104
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Юрий Александрович НИФАНТОВ
Сергей Владимирович ТОЙБИЧ
Владимир Яковлевич ТОЙБИЧ
Original Assignee
Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственная Фирма Адес
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Application filed by Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственная Фирма Адес filed Critical Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственная Фирма Адес
Publication of WO2019074401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019074401A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for producing easily removable high-temperature casting cores or molds, namely, water-soluble mixtures for their manufacture and can be used in mechanical engineering, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy and other industries.
  • a known method of manufacturing easily removable high-temperature casting cores or casting molds comprising mixing the filler in the form of granules of magnesium oxide (MgO) and a binder in the form of a water-soluble salt of sodium carbonate (UHCO3), molding and sintering the resulting mixture with a uniform flow of infrared radiation.
  • MgO magnesium oxide
  • UHCO3 water-soluble salt of sodium carbonate
  • the sintering of the mixture obtained includes preheating the mixture and subsequent uniform heating of the mixture to the decomposition temperature of sodium carbonate salt (HFCO3), while preheating the mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range from 400 ° C to 650 ° C, and the subsequent uniform heating of the mixture is performed at temperature in the range from 850 ° ⁇ to 950 ° ⁇ [US2007131374, priority date: April 29, 2005, publication date: June 14, 2007, IPC: ⁇ 22 ⁇ 1/22].
  • HFCO3 sodium carbonate salt
  • a known method of manufacturing easily removable high-temperature casting cores or casting molds comprising mixing filler in the form of corundum granules (ABOZ) and a binder in the form of a water-soluble sodium aluminate salt (aA10 2 ), molding and sintering the mixture at a temperature ranging from 790 ° C to 800 ° With a stream of uniform infrared radiation for 30- 60 min [GB2074065, priority date: 03/08/1980, publication date: 10/28/1980, IPC: W22C 9/10].
  • ABOZ corundum granules
  • aA10 2 water-soluble sodium aluminate salt
  • a method of manufacturing easily removable high-temperature casting cores or casting molds including mixing filler granules in the form of corundum (ABOZ) and a binder in the form of sodium aluminate (NaA10 2 ), molding and sintering the mixture obtained with a stream of uniform microwave radiation at a temperature ranging from 790 ° C to 900 ° C [US5158130, priority date: 12/08/1987, publication date: 10/27/1992, IPC: ⁇ 22 ⁇ 9/04, ⁇ 22 ⁇ 1/18, ⁇ 22 ⁇ 7/02].
  • ABOZ corundum
  • NaA10 2 sodium aluminate
  • the disadvantage of the prototype and the known methods of making easily removable high-temperature casting cores or molds is the lack the ability to control the strength and technological properties of the cores and molds, their low strength, and the need to use specialized molds to form the mixture in the manufacture of easily removable high-temperature casting cores or molds, due to the fact that the sintering mixture is produced by uniform heat treatment its surface, because of which the strength of the finished rod or form is acquired solely by the dehydration of an aqueous solution of the binder, o ensuring the adhesion of the granules of the filler only by the adhesion mechanism, which makes it impossible to manufacture rods and molds that have different physical and mechanical properties at different sites.
  • the technical problem that the invention is intended to solve is an increase in the operational characteristics of easily removable high-temperature casting cores or molds.
  • the technical result is the provision of the possibility of manufacturing easily removable high-temperature casting cores or casting molds having different physical and mechanical properties at different sites.
  • the invention consists in the following.
  • a method of manufacturing an easily removable high-temperature casting cores or molds involves mixing the filler granules in the form aluminum oxide with a binder in the form of an alkali metal aluminate and sintering the mixture.
  • the resulting mixture is sintered by selective heating of individual sections of the mixture to the decomposition temperature of alkali metal aluminate, while the heating mode of individual sections of the mixture obtained is selected depending on the required physical and mechanical properties of the respective individual sections of rods or shapes.
  • the filler in the form of granules of aluminum oxide (AkOz) is the basis of the volumetric shaping of the rods or forms produced, and the granules of the filler can be of any shape and size in the range of 0.01-5.00 mm.
  • the filler in the form of granules of aluminum oxide (AkOz) is a refractory non-toxic substance with high tensile strength, having a melting point of about 2000 ° C.
  • Binder in the form of an alkali metal aluminate provides for the bonding of filler granules to each other, and also provides the possibility of subsequent separation of filler granules by non-aggressive liquid solvents, for example, water, due to the fact that alkali metal aluminate has the possibility of hydrolytic dissociation, while in hot water this process proceeds much faster.
  • alkali metal aluminate sodium aluminate (NaA10 2 ), calcium aluminate (CaO-AcOz) potassium aluminate (KAU 2 ), or aluminates of other alkali metals can be used.
  • the decomposition temperature of the binder must be less than the melting point of the filler and may have a value, for example, in the range from 900 ° C to 1900 ° C.
  • (cladding) granules of a filler with a layer of a binder and obtaining a two-component homogeneous mixture can be done in such a way that the amount of filler in the mixture can be in the range from 51 to 99%, and the amount of binder in the mixture can be in the range from 1 to 50%.
  • Mixing the filler and binder can be done by preparing an aqueous solution of an alkali metal aluminate with partial or complete formation of an alkali metal tetrohydroxyaluminate and further mixing with the filler.
  • the mixture can be further baked at the temperature of complete dehydration of the tetrohydroxoaluminate (from 790 ° C to 900 ° C) and the formation of alkali aluminate
  • the resulting mixture can be compacted by the vibration method.
  • the resulting mixture has certain parameters of humidity, density, purity, shape and size of filler granules, the percentage and chemical structure of an alkali metal aluminate binder, etc.
  • Heating the resulting mixture to the temperature of decomposition of the alkali metal aluminate allows partial or complete decomposition of the binder into simple oxides, which are the main components of the binder, in particular aluminum oxide (ABO3) in the molten state (at a temperature less than 2980 ° C) and alkali metal oxide in the gaseous state , for example, sodium oxide (NazO] for sodium aluminate, calcium oxide (CaO) for calcium aluminate, or potassium oxide (2O2) for potassium aluminate, etc.
  • ABO3 aluminum oxide
  • NazO sodium oxide
  • CaO calcium oxide
  • 2O2 potassium oxide
  • alkali alumina which may be present in the solid (less than 2050 ° ⁇ ] or liquid (more than 2050 ° ⁇ ) phases and during cooling of the mixture obtained, provides the initial appearance of additional crystalline bonds of aluminum oxide between the granules ( ⁇ ]), and also an alkali metal oxide that immediately evaporates, since its temperature of vaporization is lower than the melting point of aluminum oxide (ABOZ].
  • alkali metal aluminate material which has not been decomposed, due to the acquisition of liquid the mobile state provides the appearance of an amorphous matrix occupying the space between the crystalline bonds of the formed aluminum oxide (ABO3) and / or between the granules of the filler in the form of aluminum oxide (ABOZ], acquiring an adhesive bond with them.
  • ABO3 formed aluminum oxide
  • ABOZ granules of the filler in the form of aluminum oxide
  • Selective heating of individual sections of the resulting mixture may involve the implementation of layer-by-layer and / or spot heating of the mixture, which allows you to adjust the number of additional crystalline bonds (HBOz) for individual sections of the produced rods or shapes.
  • Selective heating can be carried out pulsed and / or continuously by a source of induced or other type of radiation.
  • a source of induced radiation a laser can be selected, for example, mounted in a movable head of an ST printer.
  • layer-by-layer point heating of individual sections of the resulting mixture can be carried out by bulk adding the mixture to a tank with a movable bottom, followed by leveling and removing the excess mixture (relative to a given level of the plane of the layer) and further point heating of certain sections of the layer with high degree of differentiation, with the layer-by-layer point heating of individual sections of the resulting mixture can be automated by the mechanism of adding the mixture and / or by the control system Nia laser parameters of any of the known methods and techniques.
  • the determination of the required physicomechanical properties of individual sections of rods or shapes may consist in determining the required degree of solubility and strength of individual sections of the produced rods or shapes and their ratio.
  • the choice of the necessary physical and mechanical properties of individual sections of the rods or shapes can be made in accordance with their parameters, operating conditions or purpose.
  • the parameters of individual sections of rods or shapes can be represented by shape, size, etc.
  • the operating parameters of individual sections of rods or shapes can be represented by the conditions for fixing the rods in the form, as well as static and dynamic power loads at all stages of technological conversions, including casting with metal or alloy.
  • individual sections of rods or shapes can be divided, for example, into complex, basic and sign ones.
  • the complex sections of the rod have a large branching and small sections and must have a high degree of solubility, since they provide the ability to create complex internal geometry of the part and subsequently must be easily removable.
  • the main sections of the rod should have an average degree of increased strength and the average degree of solubility, as they perform the function of the framework, on which complex sections of the rod are fixed.
  • the sign portions of the rod must have high strength and may have very low solubility, since they perform a support function and can be removed without dissolving by mechanical means.
  • the choice of the heating mode of individual sections of the resulting mixture may include the choice of power and duration of heating of individual sections of the mixture obtained, providing the necessary physicomechanical properties of the respective individual sections of the produced rods or shapes.
  • the required power and duration of heating can be chosen empirically, that is, by heating individual sections at different powers and with different durations, followed by an analysis of their physical and mechanical properties.
  • the choice of heating mode can be made by pre-calculating the amount of additional crystalline bonds of aluminum oxide (ABOZ) and / or the degree of decomposition of alkali metal aluminate and / or specific energy density, providing the necessary physical and mechanical properties of individual sections of the rods or forms.
  • the amount of additional crystalline alumina bonds can be determined, ensuring that the required ratio of solubility and strength is achieved, after which the necessary degree of decomposition of the alkali metal aluminate can be determined, for example, in percent , then the specific energy density that must be transferred to the section of the mixture in order to provide the necessary degree of decomposition of the alkali aluminate aluminate Alla, then to create the required specific energy density, choose the heating mode by adjusting the radiation power and / or the duration of exposure to each individual section of the mixture obtained.
  • Conducting additional calculations allows us to simplify the method, reducing the time for conducting experiments, and improve the quality of the method due to a more accurate selection of heating modes.
  • the specific energy density can be selected for a particular mixture, the value of certain parameters of which can later be taken as a reference value, and if the values of certain parameters of the mixture deviate from the reference, the specific energy density can be adjusted. For example, in If the moisture content, density and purity of the mixture, the size of the granules of the filler, the percentage of the binder have deviations from the reference value in a big way, and if the form of the granules of the filler deviates from the round, and the alkali metal orthoaluminate is used as the binder, the specific energy density increase.
  • the values of moisture, density and purity of the mixture, the size of granules of the filler and the percentage of the binder have lower deviations from the reference value, and if the alkaline metal metaaluminate is used as the binder, then the specific energy density is reduced.
  • the invention has previously unknown to the prior art set of essential features, characterized in that:
  • - sintering the mixture obtained is produced by selective heating of individual sections of the mixture obtained, which makes it possible to create different amounts of additional crystalline bonds of aluminum oxide (AO3) in separate sections of the mixture obtained.
  • AO3 aluminum oxide
  • the mode of heating of individual sections of the mixture obtained is selected depending on the required physical and mechanical properties of the respective individual sections of the produced rods or shapes, which makes it possible to obtain the number of additional crystalline bonds of aluminum oxide (ABOz) in certain sections of the mixture obtained, providing the necessary degree of solubility and strength of individual plots produced rods or forms.
  • ABOz aluminum oxide
  • the set of essential features provides the possibility of the primary appearance in the binder of additional crystalline bonds of aluminum oxide (ABOZ), as well as controlling the amount of these bonds depending on the required degree of solubility and strength of various sections of the produced rods or shapes, thereby achieving the technical result, which is to ensure the possibility of manufacturing easy-to-remove high-temperature casting cores or casting molds having different areas at different sites physicomechanical properties, due to which improved performance characteristics of easily removable high-temperature casting cores or molds.
  • ABOZ aluminum oxide
  • the invention can be made from known materials using known means, which indicates the compliance of the invention with the patentability criterion of "industrial applicability".
  • Figure 1 Installation for the manufacture of easily removable high-temperature casting core, forming cooling channels in the valve body, at the stage of sintering the mixture, a longitudinal section, a general view.
  • Figure 2 Easily removable high-temperature foundry core forming cooling channels, installed in a mold for manufacturing a valve body, longitudinal section, general view.
  • Fig.Z Easily removable high-temperature foundry core forming cooling channels, located and removed from the manufactured valve body, longitudinal section, general view.
  • the method can be implemented as follows.
  • ACOZ aluminum oxide
  • the chemical composition of electrocorundum is not less than 94.5%, Fe 2 0 3 - 0.5%, TU 2 - 1.8%, CaO - 0.8%, other impurities - 2.4%.
  • NaAIOz sodium aluminate
  • NaAlCh sodium aluminate
  • the resulting mixture 1 was poured into a hopper 2 with a moving bottom 3 and the mixture was leveled along the upper edge of the bunker with a scraper rover until horizontal plane.
  • the laser head 4 was installed so that at least 95% of the total power of the induced radiation was placed in a circle with a diameter of 2 mm, while the area that accounts for 90% of the radiation power was 1 mm 2 .
  • Mixture 1 was sintered layer by layer with a flux of induced radiation with a wavelength of 445 nm and a maximum power of 6 W.
  • Sintering was performed at a constant effective power of 3 W in a continuous mode, with a speed of movement of the head 4 equal to 0.12 m / min along the section path in a horizontal plane.
  • section 6, which plays the role of a symbolic part was sintered with a head speed of 0.03 m / min, as a result, 15% solubility and high strength of section 6 were obtained.
  • Section 7, which serves as the main part was sintered with a head speed 0.05 m / min, resulting in a 70% solubility of section 7, section 8, which plays the role of a complex part, forming a thin channel, was sintered with a head speed of 0.12 m / min, resulting in a 95% solubility of the section eight.
  • the movable bottom 3 was shifted 0.1 mm downward, mixture 1 was added and aligned, and then the whole cycle of sintering and displacement operations was repeated until the geometry of the entire rod was formed. After the sintering process is completed, the movable bottom 3 was moved to the initial position, while the non-sintered bulk material was collected by the catching device 9.
  • a highly removable high-temperature casting core 10 was removed that formed the channels of the valve body, separating mixture 1, which was not subjected to sintering, for which the rod 10 was blown with compressed air and installed with the sign part 6 on the basis of a cold-hardening mixture. After that, molten refractory steel was poured into the mold 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés de fabrication de tiges de coulée ou de moules de coulée haute température et notamment des mélanges hydrosolubles, et peut être utilisée en métallurgie. Le résultat technique vise par l'invention consiste à assurer la possibilité de fabriquer des tiges ou des formes possédant dans leurs différentes zones des propriétés physico-mécaniques différentes. L'invention consiste en ce que le procédé comprend le mélange d'une charge sous la forme d'un oxyde d'aluminium avec un liant sous la forme d'aluminate d'un métal alcalin et le frittage du mélange obtenu, et se distingue en ce que le frittage s'effectue par le réchauffement sélectif de zones spécifiques du mélange jusqu'à une température de décomposition du mélange jusqu'à la temp. de désagrégation de l'aluminate du métal alcalin, le régime de réchauffement de zones isolées du mélange étant sélectionnée en fonction des propriétés physico-mécaniques requises de zones isolées des tiges ou formes à fabriquer.
PCT/RU2018/050104 2017-10-09 2018-08-28 Procédé de fabrication de tiges ou de formes de coulée haute températures facilement éliminées WO2019074401A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2017135875A RU2686703C2 (ru) 2017-10-09 2017-10-09 Способ изготовления легкоудаляемых высокотемпературных литейных стержней или литейных форм
RU2017135875 2017-10-09

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EA (1) EA036033B1 (fr)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115710119A (zh) * 2022-11-29 2023-02-24 湖南圣瓷新材料有限公司 基于水基注射成型工艺的陶瓷手臂的制备方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2074065A (en) * 1980-03-08 1981-10-28 Int Ceramics Ltd Water-soluble casting core
RU2283722C1 (ru) * 2005-03-25 2006-09-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Московское машиностроительное производственное предприятие "САЛЮТ" (ФГУП "ММПП "САЛЮТ") Способ получения литейных керамических стержней

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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SU1346323A1 (ru) * 1985-10-25 1987-10-23 Ленинградский Технологический Институт Им.Ленсовета Самотвердеюща смесь дл изготовлени литейных форм
WO1989005204A1 (fr) * 1987-12-08 1989-06-15 Harri Sahari Procede de preparation de moules et de noyaux utilises dans le coulage des metaux
RU2148464C1 (ru) * 1999-06-21 2000-05-10 Южно-Уральский государственный университет Смесь для изготовления литейных форм и стержней
RU2401180C2 (ru) * 2008-08-15 2010-10-10 Государственное Научное Учреждение "Институт Физики Имени Б.И. Степанова Национальной Академии Наук Беларуси" Способ получения градиентных материалов из порошков и устройство для его осуществления

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2074065A (en) * 1980-03-08 1981-10-28 Int Ceramics Ltd Water-soluble casting core
RU2283722C1 (ru) * 2005-03-25 2006-09-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Московское машиностроительное производственное предприятие "САЛЮТ" (ФГУП "ММПП "САЛЮТ") Способ получения литейных керамических стержней

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115710119A (zh) * 2022-11-29 2023-02-24 湖南圣瓷新材料有限公司 基于水基注射成型工艺的陶瓷手臂的制备方法
CN115710119B (zh) * 2022-11-29 2023-10-31 湖南圣瓷新材料有限公司 基于水基注射成型工艺的陶瓷手臂的制备方法

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RU2686703C2 (ru) 2019-04-30
RU2017135875A (ru) 2019-04-09
EA201891729A2 (ru) 2019-04-30
RU2017135875A3 (fr) 2019-04-09
EA201891729A3 (ru) 2019-05-31
EA036033B1 (ru) 2020-09-16

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