WO2019073830A1 - リチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019073830A1 WO2019073830A1 PCT/JP2018/036513 JP2018036513W WO2019073830A1 WO 2019073830 A1 WO2019073830 A1 WO 2019073830A1 JP 2018036513 W JP2018036513 W JP 2018036513W WO 2019073830 A1 WO2019073830 A1 WO 2019073830A1
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- ion secondary
- lithium ion
- positive electrode
- secondary battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery.
- One of the key devices commonly required in these technologies is a battery, and such a battery is required to have a high energy density to miniaturize the system.
- high output characteristics are required to enable stable power supply regardless of the operating environment temperature.
- good cycle characteristics that can withstand long-term use are also required. Therefore, there is a rapid progress in replacing conventional lead acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries with lithium ion secondary batteries having higher energy density, power characteristics and cycle characteristics.
- the basic configuration of such a lithium ion secondary battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte
- the positive electrode is generally a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material such as a lithium composite oxide, a conductive agent, and a binder.
- the composition comprises a metal foil current collector such as aluminum.
- the conductive agent generally, particulate carbon materials such as carbon black are used.
- carbon black has a structure in which primary particles close to a sphere are connected on a bead as a common structure, and such a structure is called a structure.
- the length of the structure is generally evaluated indirectly using the DBP absorption amount measured in accordance with JIS K 6217-4. The larger the DBP absorption amount, the longer the structure and the better the conductivity.
- Patent Document 1 it is proposed that, when the carbon nanofibers electrically bridge the active material and the carbon black, a very good conductive path is created in the electrode, and a battery excellent in cycle characteristics is obtained. ing. However, if carbon black with a small particle size and a long structure is used, which is said to be able to improve the conductivity with a smaller amount, a good conductive path can not be sufficiently formed and practically sufficient performance can not be obtained. Was an issue.
- Patent Document 2 proposes that by using carbon black and carbon nanotubes in combination, uneven distribution of the conductive agent in the electrode is prevented, and a battery excellent in output characteristics is obtained.
- carbon black having a small particle diameter and a short structure it is considered to be more excellent in conductivity, and in the case where carbon black having a small particle diameter and a long structure is used, entanglement of structures is caused. It is a problem that the conductive agent is unevenly distributed in the electrode due to the aggregation, and practically sufficient performance can not be obtained.
- Patent Document 3 when the ratio of the fibrous carbon material is 1 to 20% by weight and the ratio of the granular carbon material is 99 to 80% by weight based on 100% by weight of the entire conductive agent, the conductivity in the electrode is achieved. It is proposed to improve the battery performance and to obtain a battery with excellent cycle characteristics and output characteristics. However, since a large proportion of particulate carbon material is used and carbon black having a small particle diameter and a long structure is used, which is considered to be excellent in conductivity, a good conductive path is sufficiently formed by aggregation due to entanglement of structures. The problem was that no sufficient performance could be obtained for practical use.
- Patent Document 4 proposes that by using carbon black and a graphitized carbon fiber in combination, the conductive path in the positive electrode is stabilized, and a battery excellent in output characteristics and cycle characteristics is obtained.
- Patent Document 5 proposes that by using carbon black and fibrous carbon in combination, it is possible to obtain a battery having low resistance and excellent discharge capacity and cycle characteristics.
- the fiber diameter of the fibrous carbon material is large, and many fibrous carbon materials are required to create a good conductive path, so the proportion of carbon black which is considered to be excellent in the liquid retention of the electrolytic solution The problem is that the output characteristics when used in a low temperature environment are practically insufficient.
- the present invention provides a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery which can easily obtain a lithium ion secondary battery having a small internal resistance and excellent in output characteristics, cycle characteristics and low temperature characteristics.
- the purpose is to
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by using carbon black having a small particle diameter and a long structure and carbon nanotubes having a narrow fiber diameter as a conductive agent with respect to a specific active material.
- the present invention provides a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery including a lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide as an active material, carbon black having a small particle diameter and a long structure as a conductive agent, and carbon nanotubes having a thin fiber diameter.
- the lithium ion secondary battery manufactured by using it was found to be low in internal resistance and excellent in output characteristics, cycle characteristics and low temperature characteristics, and was completed.
- a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery comprising an active material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions and a conductive agent,
- the active material is lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide
- the conductive agent is carbon black and carbon nanotubes
- the BET specific surface area of the carbon black is 100 to 400 m 2 / g
- the DBP absorption is 210 to 380 ml / 100 g
- the positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery according to (1) wherein the BET specific surface area of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide is 0.20 to 0.55 m 2 / g.
- the content X (unit: mass%) of the carbon black in the positive electrode composition and the content Y (unit: mass%) of the carbon nanotube satisfy the following conditions (A) and (B)
- the positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery according to (1) or (2) characterized in that (A) 1.0 ⁇ (X + Y) ⁇ 3.0 (B) 0.65 ⁇ ⁇ X / (X + Y) ⁇ ⁇ 0.75 (4)
- a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery according to any one of (1) to (3).
- a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery according to (4).
- a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery which can easily obtain a lithium ion secondary battery having a small internal resistance and excellent in output characteristics, cycle characteristics and low temperature characteristics.
- the positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery containing an active material and a conductive agent, the active material is a lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide, and the conductive agent Are carbon black and carbon nanotubes, the BET specific surface area of the carbon black is 100 to 400 m 2 / g, the DBP absorption amount is 210 to 380 ml / 100 g, and the average diameter of the carbon nanotubes is 7 to 15 nm It is a positive electrode composition for lithium ion secondary batteries characterized by being.
- the active material in the present invention is a lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide.
- the lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide is the same as the lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide as a general active material for a battery, LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O 2 , LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 It is selected from O 2 , LiNi 0.4 Mn 0.4 Co 0.2 O 2 , LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 and the like. Among them, LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 which is excellent in the balance between the electrical conductivity, capacity and cycle characteristics is preferable.
- the BET specific surface area of the lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide in the present invention is preferably 0.20 to 0.55 m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area is preferably 0.20 to 0.55 m 2 / g.
- the conductive agent in the present invention is carbon black and carbon nanotubes.
- Carbon black is selected from acetylene black, furnace black, channel black and the like as carbon black as a general battery conductive agent. Among them, acetylene black excellent in crystallinity and purity is preferable.
- the BET specific surface area of carbon black in the present invention is 100 to 400 m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area of carbon black in the present invention is 100 to 400 m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area of carbon black is preferably 100 to 210 m 2 / g, and more preferably 100 to 160 m 2 / g.
- the DBP absorption amount of carbon black in the present invention is 210 to 380 ml / 100 g.
- the DBP absorption amount is 210 ml / 100 g or more.
- the structure when used as a conductive agent has a sufficient length, and good conductivity can be obtained.
- the amount is preferably 240 to 280 ml / 100 g.
- the volume resistivity of the carbon black in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferably as low as possible from the viewpoint of conductivity. Specifically, the volume resistivity measured under a compression of 7.5 MPa is preferably 0.30 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, and more preferably 0.25 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the ash content and the water content of carbon black in the present invention are not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of suppression of side reactions, it is preferable that the both be as small as possible.
- the ash content is preferably 0.04% by mass or less, and the water content is preferably 0.10% by mass or less.
- the average diameter of the carbon nanotubes in the present invention is 7 to 15 nm.
- the average diameter of the carbon nanotubes is preferably 7 to 11 nm.
- the content X (unit: mass%) of carbon black and the content Y (unit: mass%) of carbon nanotube are 1.0 ⁇ (X + Y) ⁇ 3.0 and 0.65 ⁇ ⁇ X / (X + Y) ) ⁇ ⁇ 0.75 is preferred.
- 1.0 ⁇ (X + Y) ⁇ 3.0 the content of the conductive agent, which is a component not contributing to the charge and discharge capacity in the positive electrode composition, can be suppressed to a low level, and sufficient conductivity can be maintained. become.
- 0.65 ⁇ ⁇ X / (X + Y) ⁇ ⁇ 0.75 it is possible to obtain good conductivity by bridging carbon black and carbon nanotubes in the positive electrode composition in a complex manner. Become.
- a well-known method can be used for manufacture of the positive electrode composition for lithium ion secondary batteries of this invention.
- it can be obtained by mixing a solvent dispersion solution of a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder with a ball mill, sand mill, twin-screw kneader, rotation / revolution stirrer, planetary mixer, disperse mixer, etc. And used as a slurry.
- the positive electrode active material and the conductive agent those described above may be used.
- the carbon black and the carbon black may be separately introduced into the mixer, or may be mixed beforehand by a known method.
- binder examples include polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, carboxylic acid-modified (meth) acrylate copolymer and the like. Be Among these, polyvinylidene fluoride is preferable in terms of oxidation resistance.
- the dispersion medium examples include water, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, cyclohexane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and the like. When polyvinylidene fluoride is used as a binder, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is preferable in terms of solubility.
- the positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention can contain components other than the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent, the binder, and the dispersion medium, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- components other than the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent, the binder, and the dispersion medium as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl imidazole, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, carboxymethyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose, carboxylic acid modified (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, etc. may be included for the purpose of improving dispersibility.
- the above-mentioned slurry is applied on a metal foil current collector such as aluminum, and then the solvent contained in the slurry is removed by heating, and the positive electrode active material is intervened through the binder.
- An electrode mixture layer which is a porous body bonded to the surface of the current collector, is formed.
- the target electrode can be obtained by pressing the current collector and the electrode mixture layer into contact with each other by a roll press or the like.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, a portable camera such as a digital camera, a video camera, a portable audio player, a portable liquid crystal television etc., a notebook computer, a smartphone, a mobile PC etc.
- a portable camera such as a digital camera, a video camera, a portable audio player, a portable liquid crystal television etc.
- a notebook computer such as a tablet, a notebook computer, a smartphone, a mobile PC etc.
- it can be used in a wide range of fields such as portable game devices, electric tools, electric bicycles, hybrid cars, electric cars, and power storage systems.
- the positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention will be described in detail by examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless the gist is exceeded.
- Example 1 Lithium nickel cobalt manganese complex oxide LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 (“S532", manufactured by Jiangxi Jiangte Lithium Battery Materials, as the active material) with a BET specific surface area of 0.48 m 2 / g as the active material; 133 m 2 / g, carbon black with a DBP absorption of 267 ml / 100 g (“Li-435” manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd.), and an N-methylpyrrolidone solution of carbon nanotubes with an average diameter of 9 nm (manufactured by CNano, “LB 107”) Prepared.
- the lithium nickel cobalt manganese complex oxide 96 mass%, the carbon black 1.4 mass%, the carbon nanotube dissolved in 0.60 mass%, and a solution of polyvinylidene fluoride N-methylpyrrolidone as a binder are dissolved.
- a solution of polyvinylidene fluoride N-methylpyrrolidone as a binder are dissolved.
- 2.0 mass%, and N-methylpyrrolidone as a dispersion medium were further added and mixed to obtain a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery was applied to an aluminum foil with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m using a baker-type applicator, dried, and then pressed and cut to obtain a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery.
- Negative electrode composition for lithium ion secondary battery [graphite (Shenzhen BTR company make, "AGP-2A") 95 mass%, carbon black (Denka company make, "Li-400”) 1.0%, polyvinylidene fluoride 1. 5%, styrene-butadiene copolymer 2.5%] was coated on a 20 ⁇ m thick copper foil using a baker-type applicator, dried, and then pressed and cut to obtain a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery .
- Lithium ion secondary battery Lithium ion secondary battery
- the positive electrode, the separator (LLC, “Celgard”), and the negative electrode are stacked and laminated together, then packed and pre-sealed with an aluminum laminate film, and then electrolyte is injected, battery formatting, vacuum sealing, A laminate type lithium ion secondary battery was obtained.
- Example 2 A positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of carbon black in Example 1 was changed to 1.2% by mass and the content of carbon nanotubes to 0.80% by mass. A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 A positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of carbon black in Example 1 was changed to 1.6% by mass and the content of carbon nanotubes to 0.40% by mass. A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 A positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of carbon black in Example 1 was changed to 0.63% by mass and the content of carbon nanotubes was changed to 0.27% by mass. A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 A positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of carbon black in Example 1 was changed to 2.2% by mass and the content of carbon nanotubes to 0.93% by mass. A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 A lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide of Example 1 was compared with a lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 having a BET specific surface area of 0.15 m 2 / g (manufactured by Jiangxi Jiangte Lithium Battery Materials, “L532”. Except having changed into "), the positive electrode composition for lithium ion secondary batteries, the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries, and the lithium ion secondary battery were produced by the method similar to Example 1, and each evaluation was implemented. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 A lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide of Example 1 was prepared using a lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese composite oxide having a BET specific surface area of 0.15 m 2 / g LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 (Jiangxi Jiangte Lithium Battery)
- a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery are prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the material is changed to "L333" manufactured by Materials. Each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 8 A lithium ion secondary was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the carbon black in Example 1 was changed to carbon black having a BET specific surface area of 382 m 2 / g and a DBP absorption of 305 ml / 100 g (manufactured by Denka).
- a positive electrode composition for battery, a positive electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 is the same as Example 1 except that the carbon black in Example 1 is changed to a carbon black having a BET specific surface area of 58 m 2 / g and a DBP absorption of 200 ml / 100 g (manufactured by Denka, “Li-250”).
- a positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced by the method, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 4 A lithium ion secondary was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the carbon black in Example 1 was changed to a carbon black having a BET specific surface area of 877 m 2 / g and a DBP absorption of 390 ml / 100 g (manufactured by Lion Corporation).
- a positive electrode composition for battery, a positive electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 5 A positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the carbon nanotubes of Example 1 were changed to carbon nanotubes (manufactured by Wako Chemical Co., Ltd.) having an average diameter of 5 nm. A positive electrode and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 6 A positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the carbon nanotubes of Example 1 were changed to carbon nanotubes (manufactured by Wako Chemical Co., Ltd.) having an average diameter of 25 nm. A positive electrode and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced, and each evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 7 A positive electrode composition for a lithium ion secondary battery, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the carbon nanotubes of Example 1 were changed to vapor grown carbon fibers having an average diameter of 150 nm. And the lithium ion secondary battery was produced and each evaluation was implemented. The results are shown in Table 2.
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Abstract
Description
具体的には、本発明は活物質としてリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物、導電剤として粒子径が小さくストラクチャの長いカーボンブラックと繊維径の細いカーボンナノチューブを含むリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物を用いて製造したリチウムイオン二次電池は、内部抵抗が小さく、出力特性、サイクル特性、低温特性に優れることを見出して完成されたものである。
(1)リチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出可能な活物質及び導電剤を含むリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物であり、
前記活物質はリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物であり、
前記導電剤はカーボンブラック、及びカーボンナノチューブであり、
前記カーボンブラックのBET比表面積が100~400m2/gであり、DBP吸収量が210~380ml/100gであり、
前記カーボンナノチューブの平均直径が7~15nmであることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物。
(2)前記リチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物のBET比表面積が0.20~0.55m2/gであることを特徴とする(1)に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物。
(3)前記正極組成物中の前記カーボンブラックの含有量X(単位:質量%)、及び前記カーボンナノチューブの含有量Y(単位:質量%)が、下記条件(A)、(B)を満たすことを特徴とする(1)又は(2)に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物。
(A)1.0≦(X+Y)≦3.0
(B)0.65≦{X/(X+Y)}≦0.75
(4)(1)から(3)のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物を含むリチウムイオン二次電池用正極。
(5)(4)に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を備えたリチウムイオン二次電池。
(リチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物)
活物質としてBET比表面積が0.48m2/gのリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2(Jiangxi Jiangte Lithium Battery Materials社製、「S532」)、導電剤としてBET比表面積が133m2/g、DBP吸収量が267ml/100gのカーボンブラック(デンカ社製、「Li-435」)、及び平均直径が9nmのカーボンナノチューブのN-メチルピロリドン溶液(CNano社製、「LB107」)を用意した。前記リチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物96質量%、前記カーボンブラック1.4質量%、前記カーボンナノチューブを溶質量で0.60質量%に、結着剤としてポリフッ化ビニリデンのN-メチルピロリドン溶液を溶質量で2.0質量%、さらに分散媒としてN-メチルピロリドンを加えて混合し、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物を得た。
前記リチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物を、ベーカー式アプリケーターを用いて厚さ20μmのアルミニウム箔に塗布、乾燥し、その後、プレス、裁断して、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極を得た。
リチウムイオン二次電池用負極組成物[黒鉛(Shenzhen BTR社製、「AGP-2A」)95質量%、カーボンブラック(デンカ社製、「Li-400」)1.0%、ポリフッ化ビニリデン1.5%、スチレン-ブタジエン共重合体2.5%]をベーカー式アプリケーターを用いて厚さ20μm銅箔に塗布、乾燥し、その後、プレス、裁断して、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極を得た。
前記正極、セパレーター(LLC社製、「Celgard」)、前記負極を共に重ね、積層した後、アルミラミネートフィルムでパック、プレシーリングし、続いて電解液を注入し、バッテリーフォーマッティング、真空シーリングして、ラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池を得た。
作製したリチウムイオン二次電池を、電圧範囲2.75~4.2Vで5サイクル、充電/放電した後、周波数範囲10MHz~0.001Hz、振動電圧5mVでインピーダンス解析を行った。本実施例の内部抵抗は37.5mΩであった。
作製したリチウムイオン二次電池を、25℃において4.2V、0.2C制限の定電流定電圧充電をした後、0.2Cの定電流で2.75Vまで放電した。次いで、放電電流を0.2C、3Cと変化させ、各放電電流に対する放電容量を測定した。そして、0.2C放電時に対する3C放電時の容量維持率を計算した。本実施例の3C放電時の容量維持率は96.5%であった。
作製したリチウムイオン電池を、25℃において4.2V、1C制限の定電流定電圧充電をした後、6Cの定電流で2.75Vまで放電した。充電及び放電のサイクルを繰り返し行い、1サイクル目の放電容量に対する800サイクル目の放電容量の比率を求めてサイクル容量維持率とした。本実施例のサイクル容量維持率は84.0%であった。
作製したリチウムイオン二次電池を、25℃において4.2V、0.2C制限の定電流定電圧充電をした後、1Cの定電流で2.75Vまで放電した。次いで、-20℃において4.2V、0.2C制限の定電流定電圧充電をした後、1Cの定電流で2.75Vまで放電した。そして、25℃放電時に対する-20℃放電時の容量維持率を計算した。本実施例の-20℃放電時の容量維持率は63.9%であった。
実施例1のカーボンブラックの含有量を1.2質量%、カーボンナノチューブの含有量を0.80質量%に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックの含有量を1.6質量%、カーボンナノチューブの含有量を0.40質量%に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックの含有量を0.63質量%、カーボンナノチューブの含有量を0.27質量%に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックの含有量を2.2質量%、カーボンナノチューブの含有量を0.93質量%に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物を、BET比表面積が0.15m2/gのリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2(Jiangxi Jiangte Lithium Battery Materials社製、「L532」)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物を、BET比表面積が0.15m2/gのリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2(Jiangxi Jiangte Lithium Battery Materials社製、「L333」)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックを、BET比表面積が382m2/g、DBP吸収量が305ml/100gのカーボンブラック(デンカ社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックの含有量を0質量%、カーボンナノチューブの含有量を2.0質量%に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックの含有量を2.0質量%、カーボンナノチューブの含有量を0質量%に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックを、BET比表面積が58m2/g、DBP吸収量が200ml/100gのカーボンブラック(デンカ社製、「Li-250」)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1のカーボンブラックを、BET比表面積が877m2/g、DBP吸収量が390ml/100gのカーボンブラック(ライオン社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1のカーボンナノチューブを、平均直径が5nmのカーボンナノチューブ(ワコーケミカル社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1のカーボンナノチューブを、平均直径が25nmのカーボンナノチューブ(ワコーケミカル社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1のカーボンナノチューブを、平均直径が150nmの気相成長炭素繊維に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法でリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、及びリチウムイオン二次電池を作製し、各評価を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (5)
- リチウムイオンを吸蔵及び放出可能な活物質及び導電剤を含むリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物であり、
前記活物質はリチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物であり、
前記導電剤はカーボンブラック、及びカーボンナノチューブであり、
前記カーボンブラックのBET比表面積が100~400m2/gであり、DBP吸収量が210~380ml/100gであり、
前記カーボンナノチューブの平均直径が7~15nmであることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物。 - 前記リチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン複合酸化物のBET比表面積が0.20~0.55m2/gであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物。
- 前記正極組成物中の前記カーボンブラックの含有量X(単位:質量%)、及び前記カーボンナノチューブの含有量Y(単位:質量%)が、下記条件(A)、(B)を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物。
(A)1.0≦(X+Y)≦3.0
(B)0.65≦{X/(X+Y)}≦0.75 - 請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極組成物を含むリチウムイオン二次電池用正極。
- 請求項4に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を備えたリチウムイオン二次電池。
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