WO2019072209A1 - 电驱动系统和包括所述电驱动系统的汽车 - Google Patents

电驱动系统和包括所述电驱动系统的汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019072209A1
WO2019072209A1 PCT/CN2018/109838 CN2018109838W WO2019072209A1 WO 2019072209 A1 WO2019072209 A1 WO 2019072209A1 CN 2018109838 W CN2018109838 W CN 2018109838W WO 2019072209 A1 WO2019072209 A1 WO 2019072209A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
space
motor controller
drive system
electric drive
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/109838
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
温敬召
张亮
夏继
黄祥飞
原枫
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
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Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP18865936.1A priority Critical patent/EP3696001B1/en
Publication of WO2019072209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019072209A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2306/05—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2410/00—Constructional features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2410/115—Electric wiring; Electric connectors

Definitions

  • the application relates to an electric drive system and an automobile including the electric drive system.
  • the motor drive system includes a power electronic converter and a corresponding controller.
  • the power electronic converter consists of solid-state devices and its main function is to transfer a large amount of energy from the power supply to the motor input.
  • the controller typically consists of a microcontroller or digital signal processor and associated small signal electronic circuitry whose primary function is to process the information and to generate the switching signals required for the power converter semiconductor switching device.
  • the motor and the motor controller are electrically connected by a high-voltage harness and a water pipe is used to form a cooling system between the two.
  • the wiring harness connection cost is high, and the wire bundle temperature rise limits the overcurrent capability of the electric drive system, and the water pipe is more Long and takes up a lot of space.
  • One aspect of the present application is to provide an electric drive system including a motor, a motor controller, and a heat sink member between the motor and the motor controller, the heat sink member including at least a first space and a first space a second space separated, wherein the protruding terminal of the motor is electrically connected to the protruding terminal of the motor controller in the first space, and the second space is provided with a flow path for the coolant to pass through The flow path is conveyed between the motor controller and the motor.
  • the first space faces the motor with a first inlet so that the protruding terminal of the motor enters the first space via the first inlet, and the second facing the motor controller
  • a flow passage opening communicating with the flow passage is provided, and a flow passage opening communicating with the flow passage is provided to the motor controller.
  • the motor and the motor controller are disposed on opposite sides of the heat sink member.
  • a gearbox coupled to the motor and the motor controller is located between the motor and the motor controller, and the heat sink member is fixed to the gearbox.
  • the flow passage opening provided to the motor controller is adjacent to the second inlet, and the flow passage opening facing the motor is adjacent to the first inlet.
  • the water channel is bent and disposed under a position where the terminals of the motor and the motor controller are connected to increase a cooling area of the flow channel to the terminal.
  • the terminals of the motor or motor controller are a plurality of busbars for multi-phase electrical connection of the motor or the motor controller, terminals of the motor and the The terminals of the motor controller are correspondingly connected inside the heat sink member.
  • the heat sink member comprises a thermally conductive insulating spacer disposed between a terminal of the motor and the motor controller and the flow channel.
  • Another aspect of the present application is to provide an automobile comprising the electric drive system of any of the above embodiments, the electric drive system being disposed at the front, the rear, or the front and the rear of the automobile.
  • the extended terminals of the motor are electrically connected to the extended terminals of the motor controller in the first space.
  • the terminals of the motor and the motor controller are connected in the first space through the first inlet and the second inlet, and the cooling system of the motor controller and the cooling system of the motor pass through the flow passage through the flow passage opening facing the motor controller and the runner opening facing the motor connection.
  • the heat generated by the terminal connection is used to dissipate heat, which reduces the temperature of the terminal and improves the overcurrent and power capability of the electric drive system.
  • the electric drive system is an integrated electric drive system that integrates the motor, motor controller and gearbox.
  • the internal part of the radiator part realizes the electrical connection between the motor and the motor controller without unnecessary wiring harness, and realizes the integration of the cooling system of the motor and the motor controller and the cooling system of the whole vehicle. Compared with the original water pipe connection, the flow path is arranged. Can shorten the length and save space.
  • Each of the inlet and outlet of the heat sink member of the present application is in sealing connection with the motor or the motor controller.
  • the heat sink member of the present application shields the space through the cover plate, thereby ensuring electrical connection performance and cooling capability.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an embodiment of an electric drive system according to the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the electric drive system of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a heat sink member of an electric drive system according to the present application, which is a perspective view;
  • FIG 4 shows the internal structure of the heat sink member of Figure 3 after removal of the cover on one side thereof;
  • FIG 5 shows the internal structure of the heat sink member of Figure 3 after removal of the cover on the other side thereof.
  • the electric drive system includes a motor 1, a motor controller 2, and a heat sink member 3 located between the motor 1 and the motor controller 2.
  • the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 are electrically connected to each other within the heat sink member 3, and the cooling system of the motor 1 and the cooling system of the motor controller 2 are connected via the heat sink member 3.
  • the heat generated by the electrical connection of the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 is dissipated by the cooling action of the heat sink member 3.
  • the electric drive system is an integrated electric drive system, which is integrated with a gearbox 4 in addition to the motor 1 and the motor controller 2.
  • the motor 1, the motor controller 2 and the gearbox 4 are each a separate and separate package, the three being assembled together by mechanical connection.
  • the input shaft or output shaft direction of the motor 1 is parallel to the input shaft or output shaft of the transmission 4 (see 41 for the output shaft).
  • This arrangement is extremely compact and integrated for easy installation into the car.
  • the mechanical connection between the motor 1, the motor controller 2 and the gearbox 4 may be such that the end face of the motor 1 is connected to the end face of the gearbox 4 facing the motor side via a flange connection face, and the end face of the motor controller 2 is connected by a flange.
  • the face is connected to the end face of the gearbox 4 facing the motor controller side.
  • the heat sink member 3 is fixed to the gearbox 4, for example, by bolting.
  • the heat sink member 3 and the motor 1 and the heat sink member 3 and the motor controller 2 are sealed to each other.
  • Figure 3 ⁇ 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the heat sink member.
  • the heat sink member 3 includes at least a first space (not labeled) and a second space (not labeled) spaced apart from the first space, the extended terminal 11 of the motor 1 and the extended terminal 21 of the motor controller 2 Electrically connected in the first space, a flow path 35 is provided in the second space, so that the coolant is transported between the motor controller 2 and the motor 1 through the flow path 35.
  • the first space facing motor 1 is provided with a first inlet 31, and the motor controller 2 is provided with a second inlet 32.
  • the second space facing the motor 1 is provided with a flow port 34 and the motor controller 2 is provided with a flow port 33.
  • the flow port 34 is referred to as a first outlet 34 and the runner port 33 is referred to as a third inlet 33. .
  • the projecting terminal 11 of the motor 1 and the projecting terminal 21 of the motor controller 2 enter the heat sink member 3 via the first inlet 31 and the second inlet 32, respectively, and are connected in the first space.
  • the interior of the heat sink member 3 is also provided with a flow passage 35 in a second space, the flow passage 35 being connected to the third inlet 33 and the first outlet 34 (as in Fig. 5) to enable liquid to enter the flow passage 35 from the third inlet 33. Further, it flows out from the first outlet 34, thereby transferring the coolant between the motor controller 2 and the motor 1.
  • the coolant from the cooling system of the motor controller 2 enters the flow passage 35 of the radiator member 3 via the third inlet 33 and exits the flow passage 35 via the first outlet 34 to enter the cooling system of the motor 1.
  • the coolant can be water or a mixture of water and ethylene glycol. It should be noted that the flow path of the coolant flowing into the radiator from the motor controller and flowing into the motor of the present application is a part of the entire vehicle cooling circuit. In operation, the coolant flows in one direction, ie the coolant flows from the motor controller to the motor. In the non-operating state, the coolant stays in each cooling system and flow path. According to this illustrative and non-limiting example of the invention, the coolant first enters the motor controller to cool it and then enters the motor 1 via the heat sink member 3, such that the coolant first cools the motor at lower temperatures.
  • the controller which is very beneficial for the cooling of some heat sensitive electronic components in the motor controller.
  • the first inlet 31 is a communication port covering all the terminals 11 of the motor 1, and allows a plurality of terminals to enter the heat sink member 3 via one port
  • the second inlet 32 is a communication port covering all the terminals 21 of the motor controller 2.
  • a plurality of terminals are allowed to enter the heat sink member 3 via one port.
  • the terminals 11, 21 of the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 may be a plurality of busbars, which are also referred to as copper bars.
  • the communication ports are flat elongated holes that are formed on both sides of the heat sink member, each port accommodating three copper rows. Of course, the number of copper bars is not limited to three, and may be more or less than three.
  • the number of copper bars depends on the number of phase lines of the motor, and the terminals 1 and 21 of the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 are arranged to be correspondingly connected within the heat sink member 3.
  • the first inlet 31 and the second inlet 32 respectively receive a plurality of terminals at the same time, and in other examples, the first inlet 31 and the second inlet 32 may respectively include multiple The inlet, for example, corresponds to a terminal, an inlet, etc.; similarly, as an alternative example, the first space can be further divided into a plurality of small spaces, each of which can accommodate one or more terminals.
  • the third inlet 33 is a circular hole adjacent to the second inlet 32
  • the first outlet 34 is a circular hole adjacent to the first inlet 31.
  • the first inlet 31 and the first outlet 34 respectively interface with the terminal port of the motor 11 and the cooling system port
  • the second inlet 32 and the third inlet 33 respectively interface with the terminal port of the motor controller 2 and the cooling system port.
  • a sealing strip 5 substantially along the shape of the hole is provided to interface with the motor 1 and the motor controller 2, thereby achieving gas sealing and fluid sealing. It can be known that the first inlets do not have to be arranged on the motor side, they can be placed on the motor controller side.
  • the first outlets are also not necessarily arranged on the same side as the first inlet, and they may be provided separately. For the same reason, the same is true for the second entrance and the third entrance. It should also be noted that the shapes of the respective inlets and outlets mentioned herein are to match the shape of the terminal ports to be connected thereto, and their shapes are not limited to those described herein in practical applications.
  • the electrical connection between the terminals 11, 21 from the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 is realized in the first space of the heat sink 3, while the coolant is passed through the flow path 35 in the second space.
  • the heat sink member 3 of the present application achieves the connection of the electrical connection and the cooling system of the motor 1 to the motor controller 2 without the need for other harnesses or water pipes, and since the first space is separated from the second space (described further below) The relationship between a space and the second space) thus makes the electrical connection unaffected by any coolant.
  • the coolant can be dissipated to the terminal connection by the flow path in the second space corresponding to the cooling liquid disposed below the terminal connection.
  • the heat sink member 3 is a box structure.
  • the box structure includes a housing 36 that is internally divided by a partition (not shown) into a first space for electrical connection between the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 and a cooling system connection for the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 The second space.
  • the first space is shown in Figure 4, and Figure 5 is the reverse of the heat sink of Figure 4, showing the second space.
  • the divider can be separate or integrated with the housing.
  • the terminals 1 and 21 of the motor 1 and the motor controller 2 enter the first space via the first inlet 31 and the second inlet 32 and are connected.
  • the copper row ends are provided with connection holes, and the copper bars from the motor and the copper bars from the motor controller are aligned by the connection holes, and the screws 6 are screwed to realize the copper row connection.
  • the flow path 35 is disposed in the second space and passes under the terminals 11, 21. In order to increase the cooling area, the path of the flow path 35 is concentrated as much as possible in the place where the heat generated by the connection of the terminals 11, 21 is large. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the flow path 35 is arranged as a bending path below the place where the two terminals are connected, and the coolant traverses below the terminal in the x1 direction shown in the figure, and then the turn is traversed below the terminal in the opposite direction x2 in the figure. Returning, this increases the area of cooling of the terminals.
  • An insulating spacer 7 is disposed between the terminals 11, 21 and a spacer not shown to avoid conduction.
  • the insulating spacer 7 is also thermally conductive, which is advantageous for exerting the cooling effect of the coolant in the flow channel.
  • An insulating block 8 is added at the place where the terminals are connected for pressing the terminal and the gasket.
  • the heat sink member 3 further includes cover plates 91, 92, and a first mounting hole 37 is left in the housing 36 of the heat sink member, and the first cover plate 91 is mounted to the heat sink member 3 by bolts or screws to shield the first space.
  • the second cover plate 92 shields the second space, and the second cover plate 92 is mounted on the same principle as the first cover plate 91.
  • a second mounting hole 38 is also provided on the outer side of the housing 36 of the heat sink member for the connection of the heat sink member 3 to the gearbox 4.
  • the second cover 92 can be mounted to the heat sink member 3 to shield the second space before installation.
  • the heat sink member 3 is fixed to the transmission case 4 through the second mounting hole, and the motor 1 is fixed to the motor side of the transmission case 4 through the mounting end face.
  • the terminal of the motor 1 enters the interior of the heat sink member 3 through the first inlet, and the input flow path of the cooling system of the motor 1 is docked and sealed by the flow path of the heat sink member 3 through the first outlet.
  • the motor controller 2 is fixed to the other side of the transmission case 4 through the mounting end face, and the terminal of the motor controller 2 enters into the heat sink member 3 through the second inlet, and the output flow path of the motor controller 2 passes through the third inlet and The flow path of the heat sink member 3 is butted and sealed.
  • An insulating spacer has been disposed in the heat sink member 3. The terminal and the gasket are pressed by the insulating block. The terminals of the motor 1 are aligned with the terminals of the motor controller 2, and the screws connect the terminals of the two together.
  • the first cover 91 is mounted to the heat sink member 3 through the first mounting hole 37 to shield the first space.
  • the electric drive system involved in the present application can be arranged in front of the car, behind the car, or in front of and behind the car.

Abstract

一种电驱动系统以及一种包括该电驱动系统的汽车，该电驱动系统包括电机（1）、电机控制器（2）、以及位于电机（1）和电机控制器（2）之间的散热器件（3），散热器件（3）至少包括第一空间和与第一空间隔开的第二空间，其中，电机（2）的伸出端子（2）与电机控制器（2）的伸出端子在第一空间内电气连接，第二空间内设置有流道（35），以便冷却液通过流道（35）在电机控制器（2）和电机（1）之间输送，改善过电流及功率能力。

Description

电驱动系统和包括所述电驱动系统的汽车 技术领域
本申请涉及一种电驱动系统以及一种包括所述电驱动系统的汽车。
背景技术
电机驱动系统包括电力电子变换器以及相应的控制器。电力电子变换器由固态器件组成，主要作用是将大量能量从电源传递给电机输入端。控制器通常由微控制器或数字信号处理器和相关的小信号电子电路组成，其主要作用是处理信息以及产生电力变换器半导体开关器件所需的切换信号。
现在电机和电机控制器之间通过高压线束进行电气连接以及采用水管在两者之间构成二者的冷却系统，线束连接成本较高，而且线束温升限制电驱动系统过电流能力，另外水管较长且占用空间大。
发明内容
本申请涉及的一个方面是提供电驱动系统，包括电机、电机控制器、以及位于所述电机和所述电机控制器之间的散热器件，所述散热器件至少包括第一空间和与第一空间隔开的第二空间，其中，所述电机的伸出端子与电机控制器的伸出端子在所述第一空间内电气连接，所述第二空间内设置有流道，以便冷却液通过所述流道在所述电机控制器和电机之间输送。
其中，在所述电驱动系统中，所述第一空间面向电机设置有第一入口以便所述电机的伸出端子经由第一入口进入所述第一空间，而面向电机控制器设置有第二入口以便电机控制器的伸出端子经由所述第二入口进入所述第一空间，所述伸出端子与所述伸出端子在所述第一空间内电气连接，所述第二空间面向电机设置有与流道相通的流道口而面向电机控制器设置有与流道相通的流道口。
其中，在所述电驱动系统中，所述电机和所述电机控制器布置于所述散热器件的相对两侧。
其中，在所述电驱动系统中，与所述电机和所述电机控制器连接的变速箱位于所述电机和所述电机控制器之间，所述散热器件固定于所述变速箱上。
其中，在所述电驱动系统中，面向电机控制器设置的流道口与第二入口 相邻，面向电机设置的流道口与第一入口相邻。
其中，在所述电驱动系统中，所述水道在所述电机和所述电机控制器的端子连接的地方下方弯折布置，以增加所述流道对所述端子的冷却面积。
其中，在所述电驱动系统中，所述电机或电机控制器的端子为用于所述电机或所述电机控制器的多相电气连接的多个汇流排，所述电机的端子和所述电机控制器的端子在所述散热器件的内部对应地连接。
其中，在所述电驱动系统中，所述散热器件包括导热的绝缘垫片，所述导热的绝缘垫片布置于所述电机和电机控制器的端子与所述流道之间。
本申请的另一个方面是提供一种汽车，所述汽车包括上述任意一种实施方式的电驱动系统，所述电驱动系统布置于所述汽车的前面、后面、或者前面和后面。
在本申请的散热器件内部，出于不同目的被划分为隔开的工作空间，电机的伸出端子与电机控制器的伸出端子在第一空间内电气连接。第二空间内有流道，冷却液通过流道在电机控制器与电机之间输送。
电机和电机控制器的端子通过第一入口和第二入口于第一空间内连接，电机控制器的冷却系统和电机的冷却系统经由面向电机控制器的流道口和面向电机的流道口通过流道连接。利用流道对端子连接产生的热量进行散热，降低了端子温度，提升电驱动系统过电流及功率能力。
电驱动系统是集成式电驱动系统，其集成了电机、电机控制器和变速箱。散热器件内部既实现了电机和电机控制器的电气连接而无需多余的线束，而且实现了电机和电机控制器的冷却系统与整车冷却系统的集成化，比起原来的水管连接，流道布置可以缩短长度和节省空间。
本申请的散热器件的各出入口与电机或电机控制器为密封对接，本申请的散热器件通过盖板将这些空间遮蔽，保证了电连接性能和冷却能力。
通过以下参考附图的详细说明，本申请的其他方面和特征变得明显。但是应当知道，该附图仅仅为解释的目的设计，而不是作为本申请的范围的限定，这是因为其应当参考附加的权利要求。还应当知道，附图仅仅意图概念地说明此处描述的结构和流程，除非另外指出，不必要依比例绘制附图。
附图说明
结合附图参阅以下具体实施方式的详细说明，将更加充分地理解本申请，附图中同样的参考附图标记始终指代视图中同样的元件。其中：
图1是本申请涉及的电驱动系统的一种实施方式的主视图；
图2是图1中的电驱动系统的立体图；
图3是本申请涉及的电驱动系统的散热器件的一种实施方式的示意图，该图是立体图；
图4展示的是图3中的散热器件在其一面上的盖板除去后的内部结构；以及
图5展示的是图3中的散热器件在其另一面上的盖板除去后的内部结构。
具体实施方式
为帮助本领域的技术人员能够确切地理解本申请要求保护的主题，下面结合附图详细描述本申请的具体实施方式。
图1和图2分别是本申请涉及的电驱动系统的主视图和立体图。如图所示，电驱动系统包括电机1、电机控制器2以及位于电机1和电机控制器2之间的散热器件3。电机1和电机控制器2在散热器件3内实现彼此的电气连接，而电机1的冷却系统和电机控制器2的冷却系统经由散热器件3连接。同时，利用散热器件3的冷却作用，对由电机1和电机控制器2的电气连接产生的热量散热。
根据本发明的该示例，该电驱动系统是集成式电驱动系统，除了电机1和电机控制器2，其还集成有变速箱4。在这里，电机1、电机控制器2和变速箱4各自为独立并且分开的封装体，三者通过机械连接组装在一起。电机1的输入轴或输出轴方向与变速箱4的输入轴或输出轴(输出轴见41)平行。这种布置方式极其紧凑并且经集成后便于安装到车上。电机1、电机控制器2和变速箱4之间的机械连接可以是：电机1的端面通过法兰连接面与变速箱4的面向电机侧的端面连接，电机控制器2的端面通过法兰连接面与变速箱4的面向电机控制器侧的端面连接。
散热器件3例如通过螺栓连接固定于变速箱4上。散热器件3与电机1之间以及散热器件3与电机控制器2之间是彼此密封连接的。
图3‐5是散热器件的结构示意图。结合这些附图，散热器件3至少包括第一空间(未标示)和与第一空间隔开的第二空间(未标示)，电机1的伸出端子11与电机控制器2的伸出端子21在第一空间内电气连接，第二空间内设置有流 道35，以便冷却液通过流道35在电机控制器2与电机1之间输送。
参见图4与图5，根据本发明的示例，第一空间面向电机1设置有第一入口31，面向电机控制器2设置有第二入口32。第二空间面向电机1设置有流道口34而面向电机控制器2设置有流道口33，下文的具体示例中，将流道口34称为第一出口34而将流道口33称为第三入口33。
电机1的伸出端子11和电机控制器2的伸出端子21分别经由第一入口31、第二入口32进入散热器件3且在第一空间内连接。散热器件3的内部还设置有处于第二空间的流道35，流道35与第三入口33和第一出口34连接(如图5)以使得液体能够从第三入口33进入到流道35并进而从第一出口34流出，由此在电机控制器2和电机1之间输送冷却液。来自于电机控制器2的冷却系统的冷却液经由第三入口33进入散热器件3的流道35内，并经由第一出口34离开流道35从而进入电机1的冷却系统。冷却液可以是水或水和乙二醇的混合物。需要说明的是，本申请的从电机控制器流入散热器件、再流入电机的冷却液的流路是整车冷却回路的一部分。在工作状态下，冷却液沿一个方向流动，即冷却液从电机控制器流向电机。在非工作状态下，冷却液停留在各冷却系统和流道中。按照本发明该示意而非限制性的示例，冷却液首先进入电机控制器对其进行冷却然后再经由散热器件3进入到电机1，这样的流路，使得冷却液在温度更低时首先冷却电机控制器，这非常有利于电机控制器中一些对热较为敏感的电子元件的冷却。
该例中，第一入口31是覆盖电机1所有端子11的连通端口，可以允许多个端子经由一个端口进入散热器件3内，第二入口32是覆盖电机控制器2所有端子21的连通端口，允许多个端子经由一个端口进入散热器件3内。电机1和电机控制器2的端子11、21可以是多个汇流排，其也被称为铜排。在图示的实施例中，连通端口是在散热器件的两侧开设的扁平的长孔，每个端口容纳三个铜排通过。当然，铜排数量不限于三个，可以多于或少于三个。铜排数量取决于电机的相线数，电机1和电机控制器2的端子11、21安排成在散热器件3内对应地连接。另外，需要说明的是，在本发明示例中，第一入口31与第二入口32分别是同时接纳多个接线端子，在其它示例中，第一入口31与第二入口32分别可以包括多个入口，例如对应一个接线端子一个入口等；类似地，作为可选的示 例，第一空间可被进一步分割为多个小空间，每个小空间都可容纳一个或多个端子。
回到图4，第三入口33为相邻于第二入口32的圆孔，第一出口34为相邻于第一入口31的圆孔。第一入口31、第一出口34分别与电机11的端子端口和冷却系统端口对接，第二入口32、第三入口33分别与电机控制器2的端子端口和冷却系统端口对接。在散热器件3的上述出入口上均设有了大致沿着孔形状的密封条5以与电机1、电机控制器2对接，从而实现气体密封和流体密封。可以知道，第一入口不一定要设置在电机一侧，它们可以设置在电机控制器一侧。第一出口也不一定要设置成与第一入口同侧，它们可以分开设置。同理，对于第二入口、第三入口也是如此。还需要说明的是，在此提及的各入口、各出口的形状是为了配合与之要连接的端子端口的形状，在实际应用中，它们的形状并不以在此描述的为限制。
来自于电机1和电机控制器2的端子11、21彼此间的电气连接在散热器3的第一空间内实现，而冷却液是在位于第二空间的流道35中通过。可见，无需其他线束或水管，本申请的散热器件3实现了对电机1与电机控制器2的电气连接和冷却系统的连接，且由于第一空间与第二空间隔开(下文会进一步描述第一空间与第二空间的关系)，因此使得电气连接不受冷却液的任何影响。同时，因在第二空间内对应于端子连接处的下方布置了冷却液的流道，还使得冷却液能够对端子连接处进行散热。
散热器件3为箱式结构。该箱式结构包括壳体36，壳体36内部被分隔件(未示出)分成用于电机1和电机控制器2电气连接的第一空间和用于电机1和电机控制器2冷却系统连接的第二空间。图4中展示了第一空间，图5是将图4的散热器件倒过来，展示了第二空间。分隔件可以是单独的或者与壳体集成在一起。电机1和电机控制器2的端子11、21经由第一入口31、第二入口32进入到第一空间并连接。在图示实施例中，铜排端部都设有连接孔，来自电机的铜排与来自电机控制器的铜排通过将连接孔对准，再拧上螺钉6，实现铜排连接。
流道35布置在第二空间并从端子11、21下方穿过。为了增加冷却面积，流道35的路径尽可能集中在端子11、21连接产生的热量较大的地方。由图5可知，流道35在两边端子连接的地方的下方布置成弯折路径，冷却液沿图中所 示x1方向在端子下方横穿，再转折沿图示相反方向x2在端子下方横穿返回，这样就增大了对端子冷却的面积。
在端子11、21和未示出的分隔件之间布置绝缘垫片7以避免导电。该绝缘垫片7还是导热的，这样有利于发挥流道中的冷却液散热效果。在端子连接的地方增设绝缘块8，用于将端子与垫片压紧。
散热器件3还包括盖板91、92，散热器件的壳体36上留有第一安装孔37，通过螺栓或螺钉将第一盖板91安装到散热器件3上，遮蔽第一空间。第二盖板92遮蔽第二空间，第二盖板92的安装原理与第一盖板91相同。
散热器件的壳体36外侧上还设有第二安装孔38，用于散热器件3与变速箱4的连接。
回到图1和图2，下面介绍本申请涉及的电驱动系统的安装过程。首先，在安装前，可以将第二盖板92安装到散热器件3上，以遮蔽第二空间。然后，通过第二安装孔将散热器件3与变速箱4固定在一起，再将电机1通过安装端面固定到变速箱4的电机侧上。在电机1安装上后，电机1的端子通过第一入口进入到散热器件3内部，电机1的冷却系统的输入流道通过第一出口与散热器件3的流道实现对接并密封。再将电机控制器2通过安装端面固定到变速箱4的另一侧上，电机控制器2的端子通过第二入口进入到散热器件3内部，电机控制器2的输出流道通过第三入口与散热器件3的流道实现对接并密封。散热器件3内已布置绝缘垫片。通过绝缘块将端子和垫片压紧。电机1的端子和电机控制器2的端子对齐，螺钉将二者的端子连接在一起。最后将第一盖板91通过第一安装孔37安装到散热器件3上，以遮蔽第一空间。
取决于汽车、特别是电动汽车的驱动方式，如两驱还是四驱，或者前轮驱动还是后轮驱动，本申请涉及的电驱动系统可以布置在车前、车后、或车前后。
虽然已详细地示出并描述了本申请的具体实施例以说明本申请的原理，但应理解的是，本申请可以其它方式实施而不脱离这样的原理。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种电驱动系统，其特征是，该电驱动系统包括电机(1)、电机控制器(2)、以及位于所述电机(1)和所述电机控制器(2)之间的散热器件(3)，所述散热器件(3)至少包括第一空间和与第一空间隔开的第二空间，其中，所述电机(1)的伸出端子(11)与电机控制器(2)的伸出端子(21)在所述第一空间内电气连接，所述第二空间内设置有流道(35)，以便冷却液通过所述流道(35)在所述电机控制器(2)和电机(1)之间输送。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电驱动系统，其特征是，所述第一空间面向电机(1)设置有第一入口(31)以便所述电机(1)的伸出端子(11)经由第一入口(31)进入所述第一空间，而面向电机控制器(2)设置有第二入口(32)以便电机控制器(2)的伸出端子(21)经由所述第二入口(32)进入所述第一空间，所述伸出端子(11)与所述伸出端子(21)在所述第一空间内电气连接，所述第二空间面向电机(1)设置有与流道(35)相通的流道口(34)而面向电机控制器(2)设置有与流道(35)相通的流道口(33)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电驱动系统，其特征是：所述电机(1)和所述电机控制器(2)布置于所述散热器件(3)的相对两侧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电驱动系统，其特征是：与所述电机(1)和所述电机控制器(2)连接的变速箱(4)位于所述电机(1)和所述电机控制器(2)之间，所述散热器件(3)固定于所述变速箱(4)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电驱动系统，其特征是：面向电机控制器(2)设置的流道口(33)与第二入口(32)相邻，面向电机(1)设置的流道口(34)与第一入口(31)相邻。
  6. 根据权利要求1到5中任意一项所述的电驱动系统，其特征是：所述流道(35)在所述电机和所述电机控制器的端子(11、21)连接的区域下方弯折布置，以增加所述流道(35)对所述端子(11、21)的冷却面积。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电驱动系统，其特征是：所述电机或电机控制器的端 子(11、21)为用于所述电机或所述电机控制器的多相相线连接的多个汇流排，所述电机的端子(11)和所述电机控制器的端子(21)在所述散热器件(3)的内部对应地连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电驱动系统，其特征是：所述散热器件(3)包括导热的绝缘垫片(7)，所述导热的绝缘垫片(7)布置于所述电机和电机控制器的端子(11、21)与所述流道(35)之间。
  9. 一种汽车，其特征是：所述汽车包括根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电驱动系统，所述电驱动系统布置于所述汽车的前面、后面、或者前面和后面。
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