WO2019050094A1 - 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019050094A1 WO2019050094A1 PCT/KR2017/013734 KR2017013734W WO2019050094A1 WO 2019050094 A1 WO2019050094 A1 WO 2019050094A1 KR 2017013734 W KR2017013734 W KR 2017013734W WO 2019050094 A1 WO2019050094 A1 WO 2019050094A1
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- lithium
- secondary battery
- titanium oxide
- active material
- lithium secondary
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lithium titanium oxide (LTO) that can be used for an anode active material of a lithium secondary battery used in an energy storage system (ESS) and the like, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- LTO lithium titanium oxide
- An energy storage system stores produced electricity in a storage device (such as a battery) and supplies power when needed to improve the efficiency of power usage.
- a storage device such as a battery
- the battery required for the energy storage system is not a small secondary battery used for a cell phone, a notebook computer, a PC, etc., but is capable of storing power of several hundreds of Wh.
- the cells of the energy storage system are typically made up of stach cells, and the voltage and current magnitude of the power storage device can be obtained by connecting the cells in series and / or in parallel.
- Secondary batteries for the energy storage system are required to have high energy storage density, power density, long cycle life, high-speed operation, and low cost.
- Batteries used in energy storage systems include lead-acid batteries, NaS batteries, and lithium secondary batteries.
- lead-acid batteries NaS batteries
- lithium secondary batteries are attracting attention for electric power storage in the future. This is because it has the advantages of environment friendliness, high energy density, and energy storage efficiency close to 100%.
- Graphite is widely used as an anode material of a lithium secondary battery capable of storing the electric power.
- a typical oxide is lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ). This oxide is known to exist in a mixed state of Li and TI in octahedral sites of 16 d, and the remaining Li exists in the tetrahedral sites of 8a.
- One aspect of the present invention is to provide an anode active material for a lithium secondary battery for an energy storage system, which is capable of easily and easily producing a lithium titanium oxide for a negative electrode active material having a high capacity and a long lifetime compared to conventional lithium titanium oxide And to provide a way to do that.
- One aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a TiO 2 powder, comprising the steps of: stirring a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) powder and an aqueous LiOH solution;
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing lithium titanium oxide for a negative electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a lithium titanium oxide having a nanotube form
- the nanotubes have a multilayer structure composed of two or more layers, and the interlayer spacing is 0.5 to 1 nm.
- the present invention relates to a lithium titanium oxide for an anode active material for a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium titanium oxide provided in the present invention can remarkably improve the energy storage capacity and improve the lifetime of the battery based on the structural stability as compared with the conventional Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 .
- FIG. 1 shows the results of XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis and comparison with JCPDS to confirm the crystal structure of the LTO powder prepared in the example of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph showing the LTO powder prepared in the example of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of electrochemical experiments performed in an embodiment of the present invention.
- a method for producing lithium titanium oxide is provided by preparing a solution of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH), stirring the solution to prepare a solution, heat-treating the solution, separating the precipitate from the solution, The precipitate is washed and dried.
- TiO 2 titanium dioxide
- LiOH lithium hydroxide
- TiO 2 titanium dioxide
- LiOH lithium hydroxide
- the crystal structure of the titanium dioxide powder may be one or more of anatase, rutile, and brookite, and preferably a rutile structure powder is used.
- the particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is preferably 1 to 500 nm. When the particle size is less than 1 nm, the TiO 2 crystal structure is completely dissolved in the strong alkali LiOH, and it is difficult to form lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LTO). When the particle size exceeds 500 nm, It is not easy to form an LTO crystal structure.
- the particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is more preferably 10 to 30 nm.
- the lithium hydroxide (LiOH) aqueous solution preferably has a concentration of 0.1 to 20M. If the concentration of the LiOH aqueous solution is less than 0.1 M, the Ti-O-Ti bond is not decomposed during the reaction, and when it exceeds 20M, the TiO 2 is completely dissolved and the bond may not be disassembled to form a columnar structure.
- the titanium dioxide powder and the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution are preferably mixed at a weight ratio of 0.1: 50 to 1:40.
- the weight ratio is less than 0.1: 50, the LTO production time becomes too long and the economical efficiency is deteriorated.
- the weight ratio exceeds 1:40 the crystal structure of LTO changes and Li is precipitated. It is more preferable that the titanium dioxide powder and the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:10 to 1:20.
- the stirred solution is preferably heat-treated at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C for 10 to 36 hours.
- the crystal structure of the lithium titanium aqueous solution can be formed through the heat treatment. Specifically, in the process of the heat treatment of the oxide of the -O-Ti-O-Ti-O-Ti-O-Li-H structure in which the O-Ti-O bonds are diluted in the aqueous solution of LiOH and arranged in a row, Forms a tubular shape, and forms a precipitate.
- the nanotube-shaped oxide is formed.
- the heat treatment temperature is less than 100 ⁇ ⁇ or when the heat treatment is performed for less than 10 hours, a folding phenomenon for reducing surface energy does not occur.
- the heat treatment is performed at a temperature higher than 150 ° C. or more than 36 hours, the folding phenomenon occurs excessively and lithium titanium oxide may be formed into a spherical shape.
- the precipitate is separated from the solution by filtration, and the separated precipitate is dried to secure lithium titanium oxide (LTO).
- LTO lithium titanium oxide
- the drying is preferably performed at 100 to 200 DEG C for 1 to 4 hours. More preferably, the drying is performed at a temperature of 130 to 180 ° C for 2 to 3 hours. Meanwhile, the precipitate separated before the drying can be washed with distilled water. If the drying temperature is lower than 130 ⁇ , it takes a long time to dry. If the drying temperature is lower than 2 hours, it may not be sufficiently dried. On the other hand, when the drying temperature is more than 180 DEG C or longer than 3 hours, crystal growth may occur and the particle size may become large.
- the lithium titanium oxide (LTO) of the present invention has a nanotube form.
- the lithium-titanium oxide (LTO) of the present invention has a tube shape and both ends open.
- the tube shape is formed on two or more lithium titanium oxide layers (LTO layers). That is, the lithium-titanium oxide (LTO) of the present invention has a multi-layered tube shape, and the multi-layers may have 2 to 10 layers, for example, interlayer spacing ) Is preferably 0.5 to 1 nm.
- interlayer spacing Is preferably 0.5 to 1 nm.
- the layer interval should be 0.5 nm or more for the storage of Li ions.
- shrinkage may occur between the respective layers, and therefore, it is preferably 1 nm or less.
- the length of the tube is preferably 50 to 150 nm.
- the length of the tube is less than 50 nm, the length of the tube is too short, so that the stored lithium can be released rapidly.
- the length exceeds 150 nm lithium ions entering the tube are difficult to be released upon discharge. It is preferable that the tube length is 50 to 150 nm.
- titanium dioxide powder TiO 2
- 40 mL of 0.2 M LiOH were mixed, stirred for 320 minutes, and then heat-treated at 120 ° C for 24 hours in a hydrothermal synthesizer.
- the titanium dioxide powder had a particle size of about 50 nm.
- the precipitate and the aqueous solution precipitated in the solution obtained after the heat treatment were separated using a filter paper of 0.05 mu m, and the precipitate was washed with distilled water.
- the precipitate was further dried at 150 ° C for 2 hours to prepare a final lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LTO) powder.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- analysis was performed to confirm the crystal structure of the LTO powder.
- FIG. 1 it was confirmed that the powder produced by the present invention had a crystal structure of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 .
- FIG. 2 the result of observing the powder by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, it was confirmed that the LTO powder prepared according to the present invention had a nanotube form.
- the cathode experiment was performed using the lithium titanium oxide (LTO) prepared as described above.
- Super P carbon black and polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder were mixed at a weight ratio of 80: 12: 8 using the lithium-titanium oxide (LTO) as a negative electrode active material, Methyl-2-pyrrolidone to prepare an anode slurry.
- the prepared negative electrode slurry was applied to the aluminum thin film and dried at about 100 ⁇ for 8 hours to prepare an electrode plate. The plate was then pressed.
- a 2030-type coin cell was manufactured using lithium metal as a cathode, and 1M LiPF 6 dissolved in EC-DEC (volume ratio 1: 1) was used as an electrolytic solution.
- the discharge capacity of the inventive material using the LTO of the present invention is 200 mAh / g or more, which is significantly higher than 160 to 180 mAh / g of the conventional LTO .
- FIG. 3 shows the result of charging and discharging the inventive material and the comparative material, respectively, after one or two cycles of charging and discharging.
- the capacity is increased as compared with the comparative material.
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Abstract
Description
구분 | 1회 방전 용량(mAh/g)(1st discharge capacity) | 2회 방전 용량(mAh/g)(2nd discharge capacity) |
발명재 | 312 | 261 |
비교재 | 182 | 162 |
Claims (9)
- 이산화티탄(TiO2) 분말과 LiOH 수용액을 교반하는 단계;상기 교반된 용액을 100~150℃의 온도에서 10~36시간 동안 열처리하는 단계;상기 열처리 후, 용액에서 침전물을 여과하여 분리하는 단계;상기 분리된 침전물을 건조하는 단계를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 열처리는 100~150℃의 온도에서 10~36시간 동안 행하는 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 이산화티탄(TiO2) 분말과 LiOH 수용액 중량비로 0.1:50~1:40의 비율로 혼합하는 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 이산화티탄(TiO2) 분말의 입자 크기는 1~500㎚인 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 여과는 320 메쉬(mesh) 이하로 행하는 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 건조는 100~200℃에서 1~4시간 동안 행하는 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물의 제조방법.
- 나노 튜브 형태를 가진 리튬 티탄 산화물로서,상기 나노 튜브는 2 이상의 층(layer)으로 이루어진 다층 구조이고, 상기 층상 간격(interlayer spacing)은 0.5~1㎚인 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 다층 구조는 2~10개의 층으로 이루어진 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 나노 튜브의 길이는 50~150㎚인 리튬 이차전지 음극활물질용 리튬 티탄 산화물.
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CN111987286A (zh) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-11-24 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种负极片及包含该负极片的锂离子电池 |
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CN111987286A (zh) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-11-24 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种负极片及包含该负极片的锂离子电池 |
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