WO2019041838A1 - 一种新型耦合移相器 - Google Patents

一种新型耦合移相器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019041838A1
WO2019041838A1 PCT/CN2018/084087 CN2018084087W WO2019041838A1 WO 2019041838 A1 WO2019041838 A1 WO 2019041838A1 CN 2018084087 W CN2018084087 W CN 2018084087W WO 2019041838 A1 WO2019041838 A1 WO 2019041838A1
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Prior art keywords
phase shifter
coaxial cable
cavity
input
coupling
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PCT/CN2018/084087
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English (en)
French (fr)
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亚历山德罗维奇 斯莱德科夫维克托
李梓萌
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广州司南天线设计研究所有限公司
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Publication of WO2019041838A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019041838A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication device technologies, and in particular, to a coupled phase shifter component for a base station antenna.
  • the base station ESC antenna realizes the beam downtilt adjustment of the base station antenna through the phase shifter in the beamforming network, and has the advantages of large adjustable range of downtilt angle, high precision, good control of the pattern, strong anti-interference ability, and easy control. Therefore, the phase shifter is an essential component of the base station antenna, and the device adjusts the downtilt angle of the antenna beam by changing the relative phase between the antenna elements, thereby facilitating the optimization of the communication network.
  • phase shifters and vibrators of the existing base station antennas are connected by coaxial cables.
  • One end of the coaxial cable is soldered to the vibrator and the other end is soldered to the phase shifter, but the existing phase shifter cavities are almost all It is processed from aluminum profiles.
  • the phase shifter cavity is first plated into weldability, and then the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is welded to the cavity.
  • This technique can be applied to small cavity bodies, but For long cavities for long antennas, such as cavities over one meter, the plating cost will be very high.
  • metals such as copper or tin are plated on the aluminum profiles. Over time, the plating layer will become weak and soldered. The conductors on the phase shifter cavity will likely detach. Therefore, it is necessary to find a new solution that does not require electroplating of the phase shifter cavity.
  • the present invention provides a novel coupled phase shifter, and the connection capacitive coupling between the phase shifter and the antenna element is realized, and the coaxial cable is prevented from being soldered on the phase shifter cavity.
  • the following technical solutions are implemented:
  • a novel coupled phase shifter comprising a conductor cavity made by a metal pultrusion process, a phase shifting circuit composed of a conductor strip line or a printed circuit board, an insulating dielectric component, a coaxial cable, and a phase shifting circuit
  • the output port is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable by soldering, and the insulating dielectric member is embedded inside the conductor cavity, and the outer conductor layer of the coaxial cable is connected to the conductor cavity by capacitive coupling.
  • a further technical solution is that the conductor cavity is further provided with a coupling hole capacitively coupled to the coaxial cable.
  • the coupling hole of the conductor cavity has a circular cross section, a square shape and any other matching geometry.
  • a further technical solution is to provide a coupling port required for the input and output ports of the phase shifting circuit on one side of the conductor cavity.
  • the coupling port is composed of a stable section, a notch slot, a capacitive coupling section and a port opening slot.
  • a further technical solution is that the stable segment and the capacitive coupling segment are respectively provided with input and output stabilizing holes and input and output coupling holes.
  • a further technical solution is that the input and output stabilizing holes, the notch slots, the input and output coupling holes and the open slots are located at the same horizontal plane.
  • a further technical solution is that the coaxial cable passes through the input and output stabilization holes, the notch slots, and the input and output coupling holes in sequence.
  • phase shifter cavity is provided with an input end and an output port of the phase shifting circuit.
  • a further technical solution consists in that the input and output ends of the phase shifting circuit are connected to the outer conductor layer of the coaxial cable by capacitive coupling.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the phase shifter Due to the integrated structure of the phase shifter cavity structure and the beamforming network of the design, the phase shifter has a simple structure, is advantageous for the production of the multi-frequency antenna, is easy to install and maintain, and can significantly improve the production efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a partial structural view of a novel coupled phase shifter
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural view of a novel coupled phase shifter
  • Figure 3 is a perspective structural view of a novel coupled phase shifter
  • mounting and “connecting” are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined.
  • Ground connection can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be said that the internal connection of the two components.
  • a novel coupled phase shifter includes a conductor cavity 1 made of a metal pultrusion process, a phase shifting circuit 2 composed of a conductor strip line or a printed circuit board, an insulating dielectric element 3, coaxial
  • the cable 4 the output port of the phase shifting circuit 2 is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 4 by soldering, and the outer conductor layer of the coaxial cable 4 is connected to the conductor cavity 1 by capacitive coupling.
  • the output port of the phase shifting circuit may be an output port of the printed circuit board or an output port of the strip line, and an output port thereof is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable by soldering.
  • the phase shifting circuit 2 is a conductor strip line or a printed circuit board. This arrangement can completely avoid the use of the cable. Compared with the prior art, the cable needs to ensure that each cable length is accurate, the cable management is difficult, and the cable is installed to the mobile device.
  • the utility model has the problems of high complexity, high repair cost, high loss, high raw material cost, etc.
  • the application not only has low raw material cost, convenient production and installation, but also can reduce the repair cost, thereby completely reducing the production cost.
  • the conductor cavity 1 is further provided with a coupling hole capacitively coupled to the coaxial cable 3, the coupling hole for the cable to pass.
  • the coupling hole is preferably integrally formed with the conductor cavity, and two cavity bodies are simultaneously formed by extrusion stretching of the metal material, and one conductor cavity has a coupling hole cavity, and the arrangement does not need to add other components to fasten the connection. Cost saving, simple process and easy installation.
  • the coupling hole and the conductor cavity can also be separated, and the connection is made by the fastening component.
  • the coupling hole has a circular cross section, and the coupling hole is set as a circular hole, and the size is preferably installed by a coaxial cable.
  • the coaxial cable is conveniently installed. Since the coaxial cable is circular, after installation, The inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable are parallel with the measuring surface in the coupling hole, which is beneficial to signal transmission, and is simpler in process and easy to implement.
  • the coupling hole has a square cross section, and the coupling hole is set to a square shape, and the coaxial cable is preferably installed smoothly. This setting can also achieve its function.
  • the cross-section of the coupling hole is in any other conforming geometry, and the size of the coaxial cable is preferably installed smoothly. This arrangement can also achieve its function, but once the shape is complicated, it is not suitable for process production.
  • the conductor cavity and the coupling hole are made by a metal pultrusion process, and the coupling hole is disposed at one side of the conductor cavity, and one side of the conductor cavity described below can be regarded as a coupling hole.
  • the coupling hole is provided with not less than two coupling ports 5, wherein the coupling input port 10 and the coupling output port 6 are not less than one.
  • one side of the conductor cavity is provided with a coupling port 5 required for the input and output ports of the phase shifting circuit, and the coupling port is composed of a stabilizing section 51, a notch groove 52, a capacitive coupling section 53, and a port opening slot 54.
  • An input coupling hole is disposed on an opening side of the input end of the phase shifting circuit 2 on one side of the conductor cavity 1; an input notch slot is disposed on one side of the coupling port of the input port of the phase shifting circuit 2; An input stabilizing hole is formed on one side of the notch slot at the input port of the phase shifting circuit 2 on one side of the conductor cavity 1; the input coaxial cable needs to pass through an input stabilizing hole, input into the notch slot, and input the coupling hole.
  • the inner side of the coupling air is used to solder the inner conductor of the coaxial cable to the output port of the phase shifting circuit.
  • the coupling port is further provided with a port opening slot, which functions as: the input and output ports of the phase shifting circuit and the coaxial cable soldering position and provide a suitable match between the two.
  • the phase shifting circuit 2 has a substrate made of a foamed material.
  • an output coupling hole is disposed on an opening side of the output end of the phase shifting circuit 2 on the side of the conductor cavity 1; an output port of the output port of the phase shifting circuit 2 is provided on the side of the conductor cavity 1
  • the notch groove; the output cavity of the phase-shifting circuit 2 on the side of the conductor cavity 1 has an output stabilization hole on one side of the notch groove; the output coaxial cable needs to pass through an output stabilization hole, output the notch groove, and output the coupling hole.
  • the coaxial cable first passes through the stabilizing hole and enters the notch groove.
  • the inner conductor of the coaxial cable needs to be connected with the output end of the phase shifter, and the coaxial cable is a conductor layer and The phase shifter wall connects the signal into the transmission through the coupling function through the coupling link.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及移动通信领域，更具体地，涉及一种新型耦合移相器，包括由金属拉挤工艺制成的导体腔体，由导体带状线或者印刷电路板构成的移相电路，绝缘电介质元件，同轴电缆。其特征在于移相电路的输出端口与同轴电缆内导体通过焊接连接，同轴电缆的外导体层与移相器腔体通过电容耦合连接。避免了移相器腔体电镀，减少了焊接，此设计避免了基站天线移相器腔体电镀工艺，又减少了在生产时同轴电缆与移相器腔体焊接的工艺，本设计降低了成本，减少了焊接数量，提高了生产效率，由于不需要电镀也保护了自然环境。

Description

一种新型耦合移相器 技术领域
本发明涉及通信器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于基站天线的耦合移相器组件。
背景技术
目前，基站电调天线通过波束形成网络中的移相器实现基站天线的波束下倾调节，具有下倾角可调范围大、精度高、方向图控制好、抗干扰能力强、易于控制等优点。因此，移相器是基站天线的一个必要组件，该器件通过改变天线单元之间的相对相位实现调节天线波束的下倾角度，从而方便通信网络的优化。
现有基站天线的移相器与振子大部分都使用同轴电缆来连接，同轴电缆一端焊接在振子上，另一端焊接在移相器上，但现有的移相器腔体几乎都是用铝型材加工而成，现有技术一般都是先把移相器腔体电镀成可焊接性，然后将同轴电缆外导体焊接在腔体上，这种技术对于小腔体可以适用，但对于长天线用的长腔体，例如超过一米的腔体，其电镀成本将非常高昂，另外在铝型材上电镀铜或者锡等金属，随着时间的推移，电镀层将变脆弱，焊接在移相器腔体上的导体将有可能脱离。因此，找到一种新的不需要对移相器腔体进行电镀的方案，非常有必要。
发明内容
为了解决以上技术问题，本发明一种新型耦合移相器，该移相器与天线振子间的连接电容耦合实现，避免了同轴电缆焊接在移相器腔体上。为了实现本发明的技术效果，采用以下技术方案予以实现：
一种新型耦合移相器，包括由金属拉挤工艺制成的导体腔体，由导体带状线或者印刷电路板构成的移相电路，绝缘电介质元件，同轴电缆，所述移相电路的输出端口与同轴电缆内导体通过焊接连接，所述绝缘电介质元件镶嵌在导体腔体内侧，所述同轴电缆的外导体层与导体腔体通过电容耦合连接。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述导体腔体还设置有与同轴电缆电容耦合的耦合孔。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述导体腔体的耦合孔截面呈圆形，方形及其他任何符合的几何形状。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述导体腔体一侧设有移相电路的输入输出端口所需的耦合端口。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述耦合端口由稳定段、缺口槽、电容耦合段和端口开口 槽构成。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述稳定段和电容耦合段分别设置有输入输出稳定孔和输入输出耦合孔。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述输入输出稳定孔、缺口槽、输入输出耦合孔和开口槽位于同一水平面。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述同轴电缆依次通过输入输出稳定孔，缺口槽，输入输出耦合孔。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述移相器腔体内设置有移相电路的输入端与输出端口。
进一步的技术方案在于，所述移相电路的输入出端与同轴电缆的外导体层通过电容耦合连接。
本发明相对比现有技术，有益效果如下：
1)与现有移相器相比，本设计不需要将移相器腔体不需要进行电镀处理。减少了电镀工艺降低了生产成本，可间接保护自然环境。
2)与现有移相器相比，本设计不需要将电缆外导体焊接在移相器导体腔体上，减少了焊接数量，提高了波束成形网络的可靠性。
3)由于本设计的移相器腔体结构及波束成形网络具有集成化特点，移相器结构简单，利于多频天线的生产，安装维修容易，能显著提高生产效率。
附图说明
图1是一种新型耦合移相器的部分结构图；
图2是一种新型耦合移相器的局部结构图；
图3是一种新型耦合移相器的立体结构图；
图中：1是导体腔体；2是移相电路；3是绝缘电介质元件；4是同轴电缆；5是耦合端口；51是稳定段；52是缺口槽；53是电容耦合段；54是端口开口槽；6是耦合输出端口；7是耦合输出端口；8是耦合输出端口；9是耦合输出端口；10是耦合输入端口。
具体实施方式
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；为了更好说明本实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接； 可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以是通过中间媒介间接连接，可以说两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明的具体含义。下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。
如图所示,一种新型耦合移相器，包括由金属拉挤工艺制成的导体腔体1，由导体带状线或者印刷电路板构成的移相电路2，绝缘电介质元件3，同轴电缆4，所述移相电路2的输出端口与同轴电缆4内导体通过焊接连接，所述同轴电缆4的外导体层与导体腔体1通过电容耦合连接。
本发明中移相电路的输出端口可以是印刷电路板的输出端口，也可以为带状线的输出端口，其输出端口与同轴电缆的内导体通过焊接连接。
移相电路2为导体带状线或者印刷电路板，这样设置，可以彻底的避免使用电缆，相比于现有技术使用电缆需要保证每根电缆长度精确、电缆管理困难、将电缆安装至移动器复杂、返修成本高、损耗高、原料成本高等问题，本申请不仅原料成本低、生产安装方便，而且能降低返修成本，进而彻底降低生产成本。
优选地，所述导体腔体1还设置有与同轴电缆3电容耦合的耦合孔，耦合孔供电缆通过。
此耦合孔优选与导体腔体一体成型，通过金属材料的挤压拉伸同时形成两个腔体，一个导体腔体一个耦合孔腔体，此种设置不需要多添加其他部件来紧固连接，节省成本，工艺简单，安装方便。
当然，此耦合孔与导体腔体也可以是分开的，连接的时候通过紧固部件进行连接。
优选地，此耦合孔的截面呈圆形，把耦合孔设置为圆形孔，大小以同轴电缆顺利安装为宜，一是方便同轴电缆的安装，由于同轴电缆为圆形，安装以后使得同轴电缆的内导体与外导体与耦合孔内测面平行，利于信号传输，同时在工艺上更加简单，容易实现，
其次，此耦合孔的截面呈正方形，把耦合孔设置为正方形，大小以同轴电缆顺利安装为宜，此设置也可以实现其功能。
再次，此耦合孔的截面呈其他任何符合的几何形状，大小以同轴电缆顺利安装为宜，此设置也可以实现其功能，但是形状一旦复杂，则不利于工艺生产。
优选地，所述导体腔体与耦合孔由金属拉挤工艺制成，耦合孔设置在导体腔体的一侧，下述所说的导体腔体一侧均可认为是耦合孔。
优选地，耦合孔上设置有不少于两个的耦合端口5，其中耦合输入端口10和耦合输 出端口6均不少于一个。
优选地，导体腔体一侧设有移相电路的输入输出端口所需的耦合端口5，此耦合端口由稳定段51、缺口槽52、电容耦合段53和端口开口槽54构成。
导体腔体1一侧设有移相电路2的输入端的开口一侧设置有一段输入耦合孔；导体腔体1一侧设有移相电路2的输入端口耦合孔一侧设有输入缺口槽；导体腔体1一侧设有移相电路2的输入端口处的缺口槽一侧有一段输入稳定孔；所述输入同轴电缆需穿过一段输入稳定孔，输入缺口槽，输入耦合孔，在耦合空内侧把同轴电缆内导体与移相电路的输出端口进行焊接连接。
优选地，耦合端口还设置有端口开口槽，其作用为：移相电路的输入输出端口与同轴电缆焊接位置及提供两者间合适的匹配。
同时移相电路2具有衬底，此衬底由发泡材料制成。
优选地，导体腔体1一侧设有移相电路2的输出端的开口一侧设置有一段输出耦合孔；导体腔体1一侧设有移相电路2的输出端口耦合孔一侧设有输出缺口槽；导体腔体1一侧设有移相电路2的输入端口处的缺口槽一侧有一段输出稳定孔；输出同轴电缆需穿过一段输出稳定孔，输出缺口槽，输出耦合孔。
本发明中，同轴电缆首先通过稳定孔，进入缺口槽，当进入电容耦合段时，需把同轴电缆的内导体与移相器的输出端进行连接，同时同轴电缆的为导体层与移相器墙体通过耦合链接，通过耦合的作用把信号进入传输。
图中，描述位置关系仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型耦合移相器，包括由金属拉挤工艺制成的导体腔体，由导体带状线或者印刷电路板构成的移相电路，绝缘电介质元件，同轴电缆，其特征在于，移相电路，绝缘电介质元件位于导体腔体内，所述移相电路的输出端口与同轴电缆内导体通过焊接连接，所述同轴电缆的外导体层与移相器腔体通过电容耦合连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述导体腔体还设置有与同轴电缆电容耦合的耦合孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述导体腔体的耦合孔截面呈圆形，方形及其他任何符合的几何形状。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述导体腔体一侧设有移相电路的输入输出端口所需的耦合端口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述耦合端口由稳定段、缺口槽、电容耦合段和端口开口槽构成。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述稳定段和电容耦合段分别设置有输入输出稳定孔和输入输出耦合孔。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述输入输出稳定孔、缺口槽、输入输出耦合孔和开口槽位于同一水平面。
  8. 根据权利要求1，4，5任一项所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述同轴电缆依次通过输入输出稳定孔，缺口槽，输入输出耦合孔。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述移相器腔体内设置有移相电路的输入端与输出端口。
  10. 根据权利要求1或9所述的一种新型耦合移相器，其特征在于，所述移相电路的输入出端与同轴电缆的外导体层通过电容耦合连接。
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CN113314814B (zh) * 2021-05-21 2022-05-20 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 移相器及基站天线
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