WO2019028942A1 - 一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统 - Google Patents

一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统 Download PDF

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WO2019028942A1
WO2019028942A1 PCT/CN2017/099115 CN2017099115W WO2019028942A1 WO 2019028942 A1 WO2019028942 A1 WO 2019028942A1 CN 2017099115 W CN2017099115 W CN 2017099115W WO 2019028942 A1 WO2019028942 A1 WO 2019028942A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
water
pipe
nitrogen
separator
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PCT/CN2017/099115
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李贝贝
刘秀梅
王晶晶
栗瑞瑞
岳耀达
贺杰
李伟
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to AU2017427128A priority Critical patent/AU2017427128B2/en
Priority to US16/349,276 priority patent/US10814260B2/en
Priority to CA3044282A priority patent/CA3044282C/en
Publication of WO2019028942A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019028942A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/28—Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/008—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use for producing other mixtures of different gases or vapours, water and chemicals, e.g. water and wetting agents, water and gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0045—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using solid substances, e.g. sand, ashes; using substances forming a crust
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
    • B05B7/1463—Arrangements for supplying particulate material the means for supplying particulate material comprising a gas inlet for pressurising or avoiding depressurisation of a powder container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
    • B05B7/1468—Arrangements for supplying particulate material the means for supplying particulate material comprising a recirculation loop
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
    • B05B7/149—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material with separate inlets for a particulate material and a liquid to be sprayed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fire fighting equipment, in particular to a three-phase jet fire gun system for gas powder separation.
  • Three-phase jet fire extinguishing technology is a new type of fire extinguishing technology that combines the advantages of a variety of fire extinguishing agents. Studies have shown that three-phase jet fire extinguishing technology can extinguish many types of fires, and the fire extinguishing effect on petrochemical fires is particularly prominent.
  • the so-called three-phase jet fire extinguishing technology combines water-based fire extinguishing agent with aerosol-grade ultra-fine dry powder and anti-reburning fire extinguishing agent to change the physical and chemical properties of the fire extinguishing agent and improve the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent.
  • the three-phase jet fire extinguishing technology has been recognized and favored by the international fire protection industry for its good environmental protection, high fire extinguishing efficiency, good safety, low destructiveness and strong applicability. Therefore, many forces have been invested in three-phase jet fire extinguishing technology at home and abroad, and good results have been achieved.
  • Patent CN201110025420.1 announced a three-phase jet fire extinguishing method; France Boke Professional Fire Fighting Equipment Co., Ltd. developed a large-flow dry powder, water/foam hybrid fire cannon; Mingguang Haowei Security Technology Co., Ltd. applied a number of patented technologies to develop Three-phase jet fire trucks, three-phase jet fire extinguishing technology has entered the practical application stage.
  • the working principle of the existing three-phase jet fire cannon is to divide the fire extinguishing agent into two ways, one high-pressure nitrogen gas is used as the driving gas to transport the ultra-fine dry powder from the dry powder tank to the muzzle; the other routing water pump delivers the water-based fire extinguishing agent to the gun The mouth is mixed into a three-phase jet at the concentric annular muzzle.
  • the existing three-phase jet fire protection technology ignores the influence of nitrogen on the jet concentrating.
  • the presence of high-pressure nitrogen greatly accelerates the atomization speed of the jet water jet, which seriously reduces the range of the fire gun.
  • the loss of a large amount of nitrogen is bound to Lead to an increase in the cost of fire fighting.
  • the present invention provides a three-phase jet fire cannon system with gas powder separation.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use, and the cyclone separation device of the dry powder pipeline in the fire gun can separate the nitrogen for transporting the ultrafine dry powder.
  • the ultrafine dry powder is fully mixed with the water fire extinguishing agent to reduce the atomization degree of the jet and increase the range of the fire gun.
  • the separated nitrogen gas is pressurized by the pressurizing device and then recycled into the dry powder tank to reduce the fire extinguishing cost.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical means:
  • the invention provides a gas-liquid separation three-phase jet fire cannon system, which comprises a gas powder separation three-phase fire gun head, a filter, a nitrogen pressure boosting device and a dry powder tank, wherein the dry powder tank is connected to the gas through a pipeline
  • the powder is separated from the powder inlet pipe of the three-phase fire gun head, and the nitrogen gas outlet pipe of the gas powder separation three-phase fire gun head is connected to one end of the nitrogen pressure boosting device through a filter, and the other end of the nitrogen pressure boosting device and the dry powder tank Even Connect
  • the gas powder separation three-phase fire-fighting gun head comprises a water cannon inlet pipe, a gas powder mixture inlet pipe, a water gun pipe main body, a nitrogen outlet pipe, a two-stage cyclone separator, and a gas powder mixture right angle elbow, and the water cannon enters
  • the water pipe is disposed at a left end of the main body of the water gun pipe and connected to a fire water pipe for conveying high-pressure water.
  • the gas powder mixture inlet pipe and the nitrogen gas outlet pipe are disposed at an upper end of the water gun pipe body, and communicate with the inside of the water gun pipe body, the two-stage swirling flow.
  • the separator and the gas powder mixture right angle elbow are disposed inside the water gun body, the gas powder mixture right angle elbow is connected at one end to the gas powder mixture inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to the secondary cyclone separator, the second rotation
  • the common outlet pipe of the flow separator is connected to a nitrogen outlet pipe.
  • the secondary cyclone separator is composed of an axial flow type cyclone separator (primary separator) and a tangential reverse type cyclone separator (secondary separator), and the primary separator is connected to the particulate matter outlet.
  • the inlet of the secondary separator is connected by a spiral pipe which is in the direction of rotation of the gas flow in the separator
  • the gas outlet pipe of the secondary cyclone separator is a T-shaped structural pipe, comprising two interconnected equal-diameter coaxial a primary separator nitrogen outlet pipe and a secondary separator nitrogen outlet pipe, a common outlet pipe, and a gas isolation rectifying separator disposed in a middle portion of the common outlet pipe, the common outlet pipe being connected to a nitrogen outlet pipe, the primary separator nitrogen
  • the outlet pipe and the secondary separator nitrogen outlet pipe are coaxially arranged with the dry powder outlet pipe at the right end of the water gun pipe body.
  • the shape of the water cannon inlet pipe is a truncated cone structure, and a water inlet is arranged on a top side of the round table, and a first interface flange is arranged at a bottom of the round table, and the outer shape of the water gun tube body is a cylinder and a circle.
  • the left side of the body of the water cannon tube is provided with a second interface flange matched with the first interface flange
  • the right side of the body of the water cannon tube is a truncated cone structure with a water outlet at the top
  • the gun inlet pipe and the water gun pipe body are connected by a first interface flange, a second interface flange, and a fastening bolt.
  • the lower outlet of the inlet tube of the gas powder mixture and the upper inlet of the right angle bend of the gas powder mixture are screwed, and the right side outlet of the right angle bend of the gas powder mixture is welded with the left inlet of the secondary cyclone separator, nitrogen gas.
  • the lower outlet of the outlet pipe is threadedly connected to the upper outlet of the common outlet pipe of the secondary cyclone separator gas.
  • the dry powder outlet pipe of the secondary cyclone separator has a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the outlet side is larger, and the dry powder outlet and the water outlet constitute an annular water outlet with a gradually decreasing flow area, so that the water is in the water. Aspiration of dry powder is achieved during spraying.
  • the inlet end of the secondary cyclone separator is provided with a guide vane.
  • the flow rate of the gas filter and the nitrogen pressure boosting device is greater than or equal to the flow rate of the gas discharged from the nitrogen outlet pipe, and the nitrogen pressurized device is installed.
  • the working pressure set is greater than or equal to the gas pressure required for the dry powder tank.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas powder separation three-phase jet fire cannon system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a half-section axial view of a three-phase jet fire cannon separated by gas powder;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the explosion diagram of the water gun barrel
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing a half section of the dry powder gun tube
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the explosion diagram of the dry powder barrel
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides a three-phase jet fire cannon system, which specifically includes: a dry powder tank 1, a gas powder separation three-phase fire gun head 2, a gas filter 3, and a nitrogen compression device 4,
  • the dry powder tank 1 is connected to the powder inlet pipe of the fire cannon 2 through a pipe, and the water tank and the water pump are connected to the water inlet pipe of the water cannon through the water delivery pipe, and the gas filter 3 and the nitrogen pressure boosting device 4 are installed in the fire cannon. Between the head nitrogen outlet pipe and the dry powder tank.
  • the three-phase fire cannon head comprises a water cannon tube and a gas powder separation dry powder tube, wherein the water gun tube is composed of a water cannon inlet pipe 21 and a water cannon pipe main body 23, and the water cannon inlet pipe 21 has a round shape.
  • the table-shaped structure is provided with a water inlet 211 on the top side of the round table, and a first interface flange 212 at the bottom of the round table;
  • the outer structure of the water gun tube body 23 is a combination of a cylinder and a truncated cone shape, on the left side thereof
  • the second interface flange 235 is matched with the first interface flange 212, and the water outlet 233 is arranged at the top of the right circular table of the water gun body 23, and the upper part of the water gun body 23 is respectively provided with a gas powder mixture inlet pipe.
  • a hole 231 and a nitrogen outlet pipe mounting hole 232 are provided for mounting the gas mixture inlet pipe 22 and the nitrogen outlet pipe 24, and a support frame 234 is provided on a side of the water gun body 23 near the truncated cone structure.
  • the water cannon inlet pipe 21 and the water cannon pipe body 23 are assembled by a first interface flange 212, a second interface flange 235, and a fastening bolt.
  • the gas separation tube comprises a gas powder mixture inlet pipe 22, a nitrogen gas outlet pipe 24, a secondary cyclone separator 25, a gas powder mixture right angle bend pipe 26, and a gas powder mixture inlet pipe 22 lower outlet and gas powder
  • the upper inlet of the mixture right angle bend pipe 26 is assembled by threads, and the right side outlet of the gas powder mixture right angle bend pipe 26 is welded together with the left side inlet of the secondary cyclone separator 25, and the lower inlet of the nitrogen outlet pipe 24 is separated from the secondary swirl flow.
  • the upper outlet of the common outlet pipe 251 of the unit 25 is screwed together, and the secondary cyclone separator 25 is composed of an axial flow type cyclone separator (primary separator) and a reverse flow type cyclone separator.
  • the gas outlet pipe of the secondary cyclone separator 25 is a T-shaped structural pipe, comprising two interconnected equal-diameter coaxial primary separations.
  • the secondary cyclone separator 25 passes the gas powder mixture
  • the inlet pipe 22, the nitrogen outlet pipe 24, and the support frame 234 are installed inside the water gun pipe main body 23 and coaxial with the water gun pipe main body 23;
  • the dry powder outlet pipe 253 has a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the outlet side is large;
  • the dry powder outlet pipe 253 and the water outlet 233 constitute an annular water outlet whose flow passage area is gradually reduced, so that the water can be sucked by the dry powder at the time of spraying.
  • the water-based fire extinguishing agent from the fire truck is input into the water gun tube through the water pump, and the annular jet is emitted from the annular passage formed by the water outlet and the dry powder line. Since the powder outlet end of the secondary cyclone separator has a certain taper angle, the flow passage at the outlet has a certain expansion angle, and the jet is reflected by the inner surface of the nozzle of the water gun tube to be a contracted cone, which is polymerized in front of the gun head. A cylindrical jet is used for long-range jet fire suppression.
  • the water-based fire extinguishing agent from the fire truck is input into the water gun tube through the water pump, and the annular jet is emitted from the annular passage formed by the water outlet and the dry powder pipeline. Since the flow path of the outlet of the secondary cyclone separator has a certain expansion angle, the jet is reflected by the inner surface of the nozzle of the water gun tube to be a contracted cone, and is polymerized into a cylindrical jet directly in front of the nozzle.
  • the ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent from the fire truck is input into the powder feeding tube of the fire cannon under the driving of nitrogen gas, and is separated by a two-stage cyclone separator.
  • the ultra-fine dry powder and a small amount of nitrogen gas are rotated out from the cyclone separator.
  • the front of the gun head collides with the shrinking cavity formed by the annular jet of water-based fire extinguishing agent, and mixes with it to form a mixed jet for long-range jet fire extinguishing.
  • the separated nitrogen gas is output from the cyclone separator through the gas outlet pipe, and is filtered by the gas filter.
  • the filtered nitrogen gas is pressurized by the nitrogen pressure booster device and directly input into the dry powder tank for the transportation of the ultrafine dry powder.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，包括气粉分离三相消防炮头（2）、过滤器（3）、氮气增压装置（4）、干粉罐（1），所述干粉罐（1）通过管道连接到气粉分离三相消防炮头（2）的进粉管，所述气粉分离三相消防炮头（2）的氮气出口管通过过滤器（3）与氮气增压装置（4）的一端连接，所述氮气增压装置（4）的另一端与干粉罐（1）连接，该系统结构简单，使用方便，消防炮内干粉管路的旋流分离装置能够将运输超细干粉的氮气分离出来，使超细干粉与水系灭火剂充分混合，降低射流的雾化程度，增加消防炮射程；另外，分离出的氮气经过增压装置增压后进入干粉罐循环利用，降低灭火成本。

Description

一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统 技术领域
本发明涉及消防装备技术领域，特别涉及一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统。
背景技术
随着社会的快速发展，城市中的高层、大型空间建筑的总量在快速增长，且建筑结构趋于复杂。这些复杂的高大建筑形式发生火灾后，火势扩展快，高温有毒气体蔓延迅速，给火灾救援中消防车辆的安置、灭火剂的输送带来了极大的挑战。扑灭复杂的高大建筑火灾已经成为消防领域的一大难题。
为了进一步提高灭火效率，三相射流灭火技术成为近年来国内外研究的热点。三相射流灭火技术是一种新型灭火技术，集多种灭火剂的优点于一身。研究表明，三相射流灭火技术可以扑灭多种类型火灾，对石油化工火灾的灭火效果尤为突出。所谓三相射流灭火技术，即将水系灭火剂与气溶胶级别的超细干粉及抗复燃灭火剂复合使用，改变灭火剂的的物理化学特性，提高灭火剂的灭火效能。三相射流灭火技术凭借其环保性好、灭火效率高、安全性好、破坏性小和适用性强等特点受到国际消防界的认可和青睐。因此国内外对三相射流灭火技术投入很多力量进行研究，取得了不错的成果。专利CN201110025420.1公布了一种三相射流灭火方法；法国博克专业消防装备有限公司开发了一种大流量干粉、水/泡沫混合消防炮；明光浩淼安防科技股份公司应用多项专利技术，研制开发了三相射流消防车，三相射流灭火技术进入了实际应用阶段。
现有三相射流消防炮的工作原理是将灭火剂分为两路进行输送，一路以高压氮气作为动力气体将超细干粉由干粉罐输送至炮口；另一路由水泵将水系灭火剂输送至炮口，二者在同心环形炮口处混合成三相射流。但是现有的三相射流消防技术忽略了氮气对射流集束性的影响，高压氮气的存在大大加快了射流水束的雾化速度，严重降低了消防炮的射程；此外，大量氮气的流失必将导致灭火成本的提高。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，本发明结构简单，使用方便，消防炮内干粉管路的旋流分离装置能够将运输超细干粉的氮气分离出来，使超细干粉与水系灭火剂充分混合，降低射流的雾化程度，增加消防炮射程；另外，分离出的氮气经过增压装置增压后进入干粉罐循环利用，降低灭火成本。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术手段：
本发明提供一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，包括气粉分离三相消防炮头、过滤器、氮气增压装置、干粉罐，所述干粉罐通过管道连接到气粉分离三相消防炮头的进粉管，所述气粉分离三相消防炮头的氮气出口管通过过滤器与氮气增压装置的一端连接，所述氮气增压装置的另一端与干粉罐连 接；
所述气粉分离三相消防炮头包括水炮进水管、气粉混合物进口管、水炮管主体、氮气出口管、二级旋流分离器、气粉混合物直角弯管，所述水炮进水管设置在水炮管主体左端与输送高压水的消防水管相连，所述气粉混合物进口管、氮气出口管设置在水炮管主体上端，与水炮管主体内部连通，所述二级旋流分离器、气粉混合物直角弯管设置在水炮管主体内部，所述气粉混合物直角弯管一端与气粉混合物进口管连接，另一端与二级旋流分离器连接，所述二级旋流分离器的公共出口管与氮气出口管连接。
进一步的，所述二级旋流分离器由轴流式旋流分离器(初级分离器)和切向反转式旋流分离器(次级分离器)级联构成，初级分离器颗粒物出口与次级分离器的入口通过旋向与分离器中气流旋转方向一致的螺旋管连，二级旋流分离器的气体出口管为T型结构圆管，包括两个相互连接的等口径同轴的初级分离器氮气出口管与次级分离器氮气出口管、公共出口管、以及设置在公共出口管中部的气体隔离整流隔板，所述公共出口管与氮气出口管连接，所述初级分离器氮气出口管、次级分离器氮气出口管与水炮管主体右端的干粉出口管同轴设置。
进一步的，所述的水炮进水管外形为圆台形结构，在圆台顶部一侧设有进水口，在圆台底部设有第一接口法兰，所述的水炮管主体外形结构为圆柱和圆台形的组合体形式，水炮管主体的左侧设有与第一接口法兰匹配的第二接口法兰，水炮管主体的右侧为顶部设有出水口的圆台结构，所述的水炮进水管和水炮管主体通过第一接口法兰、第二接口法兰以及紧固螺栓连接。
进一步的，所述的气粉混合物进口管下部出口与气粉混合物直角弯管上部进口通过螺纹连接，气粉混合物直角弯管右侧出口与二级旋流分离器左侧进口焊接在一起，氮气出口管下部进口与二级旋流分离器气体的公共出口管上部出口通过螺纹连接。
进一步的，所述二级旋流分离器的干粉出口管为圆台形结构，且出口侧的直径较大，干粉出口与出水口构成了通流面积逐渐减小的环状出水口，使水在喷射时实现对干粉的抽吸。
进一步的，二级旋流分离器的进口端部设有导流叶片。
进一步的，所述气体过滤器与氮气增压装置的流量大于等于氮气出口管排出气体的流量，氮气增压装
置的工作压力大于等于干粉罐所需气体压力。
本发明的有益效果：
在保留三相射流消防炮原有功能的基础上，实现了氮气与干粉的分离，克服了三相射流消防炮射流时高压氮气含量过高，对水射流冲击过大，射流迅速雾化，严重降低射程的突出缺点。此外，实现了氮气的循环利用，降低了灭火成本。
附图说明
图1为气粉分离三相射流消防炮系统示意图；
图2为气粉分离的三相射流消防炮半剖视轴测图示意图；
图3为水炮管爆炸图示意图；
图4为干粉炮管半剖视轴测图示意图；
图5为干粉炮管爆炸图示意图；
图中：1、干粉罐，2、气粉分离三相消防炮头，3、过滤器，4、氮气增压装置，21、水炮进水管，22、气粉混合物进口管，23、水炮管主体，24、氮气出口管，25、二级旋流分离器，26、气粉混合物直角弯管，211、进水口，212、第一接口法兰，231、气粉混合物进口管安装孔，232、氮气出口管安装孔，233、出水口，234、支撑架，235、第二接口法兰，251、公共出口管，252、隔板，253、干粉出口管，254、次级分离器氮气出口管，255、初级分离器氮气出口管，256、导流叶片，257、螺旋管。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好的理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1：如图1所示，本实施例提供一种三相射流消防炮系统，具体包括：干粉罐1、气粉分离三相消防炮头2、气体过滤器3及氮气压缩装置4，所述干粉罐1通过管道连接到消防炮头2的进粉管，水罐与水泵通过输水管道连接至水炮的进水管，所述气体过滤器3与氮气增压装置4安装在消防炮头氮气出口管与干粉罐之间。
所述的三相消防炮头包括水炮管、气粉分离干粉管，所述的水炮管由水炮进水管21和水炮管主体23组成，所述的水炮进水管21外形为圆台形结构，在圆台顶部一侧设有进水口211，在圆台底部设有第一接口法兰212；所述的水炮管主体23外形结构为圆柱和圆台形的组合体形式，在其左侧设有与第一接口法兰212匹配的第二接口法兰235，在水炮管主体23右侧圆台的顶部设有出水口233，水炮管主体23上部分别设有气粉混合物进口管安装孔231和氮气出口管安装孔232，用于安装气粉混合物进口管22、氮气出口管24，在水炮管主体23内部靠近圆台结构的一侧设有支撑架234。所述的水炮进水管21和水炮管主体23通过第一接口法兰212、第二接口法兰235以及紧固螺栓装配在一起。
所述的气粉分离管包括气粉混合物进口管22、氮气出口管24、二级旋流分离器25、气粉混合物直角弯管26，所述的气粉混合物进口管22下部出口与气粉混合物直角弯管26上部进口通过螺纹装配在一起，气粉混合物直角弯管26右侧出口与二级旋流分离器25左侧进口焊接在一起，氮气出口管24下部进口与二级旋流分离器25的公共出口管251上部出口通过螺纹装配在一起，所述的二级旋流分离器25由轴流式旋流分离器(初级分离器)和切流反转式旋流分离器(次级分离器)级联构成，其进口端部设有导流叶片256，初级分离器颗粒物出口与次级分离器的入口通过旋向与分离器中气流旋转方向一致的螺旋管257相连；所述二级旋流分离器25的气体出口管为T型结构圆管，包括两个相互连接的等口径同轴的初级分离 器氮气出口管255与次级分离器氮气出口管254、公共出口管251、以及设置在公共出口管251中部的气体隔离整流隔板252；所述的二级旋流分离器25通过气粉混合物进口管22、氮气出口管24、支撑架234安装于水炮管主体23内部，且与水炮管主体23同轴；所述干粉出口管253为圆台形结构，且出口侧的直径较大；干粉出口管253与出水口233构成了通流面积逐渐减小的环状出水口，使水在喷射时实现对干粉的抽吸。
当进行水系灭火剂的单一喷射时，来自消防车的水系灭火剂通过水泵输入到水炮管内，从出水口与干粉管路组成的环形通道中射出环形射流。由于二级旋流分离器出粉端有一定的锥角，所以出口处流道有一定的扩张角度，射流经过水炮管喷嘴内表面的反射成为收缩形锥体射出，在炮头正前方聚合成柱状射流，进行远距离喷射灭火。
当进行灭火剂组合喷射时，来自消防车的水系灭火剂通过水泵输入到水炮管内，从出水口与干粉管路组成的环形通道中射出环形射流。由于二级旋流分离器出粉端出口处流道有一定的扩张角度，射流经过水炮管喷嘴内表面的反射成为收缩形锥体射出，在炮头正前方聚合成柱状射流。来自消防车的超细干粉灭火剂在氮气的驱动下输入消防炮的进粉管内，经过二级旋流分离器进行分离，超细干粉与少量氮气从旋流分离器出粉口旋转射出，在炮头正前方与水系灭火剂环状射流形成的收缩空腔内撞击，并与之混合形成混合射流，进行远距离喷射灭火。分离出的氮气通过出气管道从旋流分离器输出，由气体过滤器进行过滤，过滤后的氮气经过氮气增压装置增压后直接输入干粉罐，用于超细干粉的输送。
应当理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，包括气粉分离三相消防炮头、过滤器、氮气增压装置、干粉罐，所述干粉罐通过管道连接到气粉分离三相消防炮头的进粉管，所述气粉分离三相消防炮头的氮气出口管通过过滤器与氮气增压装置的一端连接，所述氮气增压装置的另一端与干粉罐连接；
    所述气粉分离三相消防炮头包括水炮进水管、气粉混合物进口管、水炮管主体、氮气出口管、二级旋流分离器、气粉混合物直角弯管，所述水炮进水管设置在水炮管主体左端与输送高压水的消防水管相连，所述气粉混合物进口管、氮气出口管设置在水炮管主体上端，与水炮管主体内部连通，所述二级旋流分离器、气粉混合物直角弯管设置在水炮管主体内部，所述气粉混合物直角弯管一端与气粉混合物进口管连接，另一端与二级旋流分离器连接，所述二级旋流分离器的公共出口管与氮气出口管连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，所述二级旋流分离器由轴流式旋流分离器(初级分离器)和切向反转式旋流分离器(次级分离器)级联构成，初级分离器颗粒物出口与次级分离器的入口通过旋向与分离器中气流旋转方向一致的螺旋管连，二级旋流分离器的气体出口管为T型结构圆管，包括两个相互连接的等口径同轴的初级分离器氮气出口管与次级分离器氮气出口管、公共出口管、以及设置在公共出口管中部的气体隔离整流隔板，所述公共出口管与氮气出口管连接，所述初级分离器氮气出口管与次级分离器氮气出口管与水炮管主体右端的干粉出口管同轴设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，所述的水炮进水管外形为圆台形结构，在圆台顶部一侧设有进水口，在圆台底部设有第一接口法兰，所述的水炮管主体外形结构为圆柱和圆台形的组合体形式，水炮管主体的左侧设有与第一接口法兰匹配的第二接口法兰，水炮管主体的右侧为顶部设有出水口的圆台结构，所述水炮进水管和水炮管主体通过第一接口法兰、第二接口法兰以及紧固螺栓连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，所述的气粉混合物进口管下部出口与气粉混合物直角弯管上部进口通过螺纹连接在一起，气粉混合物直角弯管右侧出口与二级旋流分离器左侧进口焊接在一起，氮气出口管下部进口与二级旋流分离器气体的公共出口管上部出口通过螺纹连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，所述二级旋流分离器的干粉出口管为圆台形结构，且出口侧的直径较大，干粉出口与出水口构成了通流面积逐渐减小的环状出水口，使水在喷射时实现对干粉的抽吸。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，二级旋流分离器的进口端部设有导流叶片。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种气粉分离的三相射流消防炮系统，其特征在于，所述气体过滤器与氮气增压装置的流量大于等于氮气出口管排出气体的流量，氮气增压装置的工作压力大于等于干粉罐所需气体压力。
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