WO2019019961A1 - 防治消化道和/或皮肤反应的菌群及其应用 - Google Patents

防治消化道和/或皮肤反应的菌群及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2019019961A1
WO2019019961A1 PCT/CN2018/096600 CN2018096600W WO2019019961A1 WO 2019019961 A1 WO2019019961 A1 WO 2019019961A1 CN 2018096600 W CN2018096600 W CN 2018096600W WO 2019019961 A1 WO2019019961 A1 WO 2019019961A1
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lactobacillus
bifidobacterium
package
cfu
bacteria
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PCT/CN2018/096600
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English (en)
French (fr)
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郑伟
张发明
承磊
龙雨
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海思科医药集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019019961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019019961A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74Bacteria
    • A61K35/741Probiotics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20Bacteria; Culture media therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microbial community for controlling digestive tract and/or skin reaction and its use, and preferably relates to a microbial community for controlling the digestive tract and/or skin reaction of drug therapy or radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and the application thereof, in particular ⁇ / RTI> relates to a microbial community for controlling digestive tract and/or skin reactions, in particular for preventing and/or treating medical treatment or chemoradiotherapy, and for containing the same, A method for effectively controlling and treating adverse reactions of the digestive tract and the skin by using intestinal formula.
  • Radiotherapy can effectively destroy and destroy cancer cells, but it damages normal cells and reduces immunity.
  • Chemotherapy is the cornerstone of oncology treatment, and it is not selective for tumor cell killing and can damage normal tissues.
  • immunotherapy has long-lasting effects, some patients can achieve complete remission, fewer side effects, but expensive, and can not accurately assess the efficacy.
  • Targeted therapy is another new treatment that can select drugs according to different targets and accurately fight cancer, but there are problems such as drug resistance.
  • patients use the targeted drug rituximab, cetuximab.
  • There are rash, flushing, shock and other allergic reactions in the treatment of monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab, bevacizumab, etc., and gefitinib, erlotinib hydrochloride, cetuximab, etc. have rash and hair changes.
  • folliculitis, paronychia, oral ulcers and other dermal toxicity problems the use of apatinib, axitinib also has gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and other gastrointestinal toxicity.
  • the research of the invention finds that the intestinal formula can effectively control and treat the adverse reactions of the digestive tract and the skin.
  • the present invention provides the use of a strain selected from the group consisting of a strain or a plurality of strains in the preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating a skin reaction, preferably in preparation for prevention and/or Or in the treatment of drug-related or chemoradiotherapy related skin reactions:
  • Lactobacillus plantarum Bifidobacterium longum; Lactobacillus johnsonii; Bifidobacterium infantis; Lactobacillus salivarius; Lactobacillus salivarius Rhamnosus); Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus helveticus; Lactobacillus lactis; Bifidobacterium adolescentis; Lactobacillus reuteri; Bifidobacterium bifidum; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus fermentum; Bifidobacterium breve; Lactobacillus brevis; Bifidobacterium animalis such as Bifidobacterium lactis; Clostridium butylicum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lacto Bacillus delbrueckii); Lactobacillus bulgaricus; Streptococcus thermophilus
  • the present invention also provides the use of a combination of a plurality of strains selected from the group consisting of the following species for the preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating a digestive tract reaction, preferably for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of a medicament or Application of drugs for gastrointestinal reactions related to gastrointestinal chemotherapy:
  • Lactobacillus plantarum Bifidobacterium longum; Lactobacillus johnsonii; Bifidobacterium infantis; Lactobacillus salivarius; Lactobacillus salivarius Rhamnosus); Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus helveticus; Lactobacillus lactis; Bifidobacterium adolescentis; Lactobacillus reuteri; Bifidobacterium bifidum; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus fermentum; Bifidobacterium breve; Lactobacillus brevis; Bifidobacterium animalis such as Bifidobacterium lactis; Clostridium butylicum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lacto Bacillus delbrueckii); Lactobacillus bulgaricus; Streptococcus thermophilus
  • the combination of the plurality of species includes at least one of the following bacteria: Clostridium butyricum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lactobacillus; Bifidobacterium; Streptococcus thermophilus.
  • the bifidobacteria include at least one of the following bacteria: long Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis; the lactobacillus includes at least one of the following bacteria: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
  • the combination of the plurality of species further comprises one or more of the following bacteria: Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus reuteri , Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus gasseri.
  • the combination of the plurality of species includes at least one of the following species: Lactobacillus plantarum; Bifidobacterium longum Bifidobacterium infantis; Lactobacillus salivarius; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus helveticus; Lactobacillus reuteri (Lactobacillus reuteri); Bifidobacterium bifidum; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus fermentum; short Bifidobacterium breve; Bifidobacterium animalis; Clostridium butylicum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lactobacillus bulgaricus; Streptococcus thermophilus .
  • the amounts of each of the bacteria in the combination are independently:
  • the number of live bacteria of Streptococcus thermophilus accounts for 1 to 30% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Bifidobacterium bifidum accounts for 1 to 30% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Bifidobacterium animal is 1 to 30% of the total viable bacteria
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus rhamnosus is 1-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Lactobacillus planta is 1-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus acidophilus accounts for 1-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus bulgaricus accounts for 1 to 20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Clostridium butyricum accounts for 1-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Bifidobacterium longum accounts for 1 to 30% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Bifidobacterium infants accounts for 1-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis accounts for 1-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Bifidobacterium breve accounts for 0.5-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus reuteri accounts for 0.5-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Lactobacillus fermentum is 0.5-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus casei is 0.5-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus helveticus accounts for 0.3-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus saliva is 0.2-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of viable bacteria of Lactobacillus paracasei accounts for 0.2-20% of the total viable count
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus gasseri is 0.2-20% of the total viable count.
  • the species is used in the form of a lyophilized powder for the preparation of the medicament.
  • the lyophilized bacterial powder is prepared according to the following method: after the strain is expanded and cultured, the bacterial cells are collected, a protective agent is added, and lyophilization is performed to obtain an active bacterial powder. .
  • the present invention provides a medicament for preventing and/or treating an adverse reaction of the digestive tract and/or the skin, preferably, the present invention provides a medicament for preventing and/or treating an antitumor drug or A drug for gastrointestinal and/or cutaneous adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy, including but not limited to one or more of the following bacteria:
  • Lactobacillus plantarum Bifidobacterium longum; Lactobacillus johnsonii; Bifidobacterium infantis; Lactobacillus salivarius; Lactobacillus salivarius Rhamnosus); Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus helveticus; Lactobacillus lactis; Bifidobacterium adolescentis; Lactobacillus reuteri; Bifidobacterium bifidum; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus fermentum; Bifidobacterium breve; Lactobacillus brevis; Bifidobacterium animalis such as Bifidobacterium lactis; Clostridium butylicum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lacto Bacillus delbrueckii); Lactobacillus bulgaricus; Streptococcus thermophilus
  • the invention also provides a medicine comprising a plurality of living bacteria, the plurality of living bacteria comprising at least one of the following bacteria: Clostridium butyricum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lactobacillus; Bifidobacterium; Streptococcus.
  • the above-mentioned medicament of the present invention comprises at least one of the following bacteria: Clostridium butyricum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lactobacillus; Bifidobacterium; Streptococcus thermophilus.
  • the Bifidobacterium includes at least one of the following bacteria: Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis;
  • the lactobacillus includes at least one of the following bacteria: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
  • the plurality of viable bacteria further comprises one or more of the following bacteria: Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus reuteri, fermentation Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus gasseri.
  • the above-mentioned medicament of the present invention comprises at least one of the following species: Lactobacillus plantarum; Bifidobacterium longum; Bifidobacterium infantis Lactobacillus salivarius; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus helveticus; Lactobacillus reuteri; Bifidobacterium bifidum; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus fermentum; Bifidobacterium breve; Bifidobacterium animalis; Clostridium butylicum; Bacillus licheniformis; Lactobacillus bulgaricus; Streptococcus thermophilus.
  • the content of each of the bacteria in the drug packaged by the enzyme unit is independently:
  • Streptococcus thermophilus 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 7 to 10 12 CFU/package;
  • Bifidobacterium animalis 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 7 to 10 12 CFU/package;
  • Lactobacillus plantarum 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 6 to 10 11 CFU/package;
  • Lactobacillus acidophilus 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 6 to 10 11 CFU/package;
  • Bifidobacterium longum 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 7 to 10 12 CFU/package;
  • Bifidobacterium infantis 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 6 to 10 11 CFU/package;
  • Bifidobacterium breve 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 6 to 10 11 CFU/package;
  • Lactobacillus reuteri 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 6 to 10 11 CFU/package;
  • Lactobacillus fermentum 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 6 to 10 11 CFU/package;
  • Lactobacillus paracasei 10 3 to 10 12 CFU/package; preferably 10 6 to 10 11 CFU/package;
  • the number of live bacteria of Streptococcus thermophilus accounts for 25% of the total viable count.
  • the number of viable bacteria of Bifidobacterium bifidum accounts for 16% of the total viable cells.
  • the viable count of the animal Bifidobacterium is 13% of the total viable count.
  • the viable count of Lactobacillus rhamnosus accounts for 8% of the total viable count.
  • the number of viable bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum accounts for 8% of the total viable cells.
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus acidophilus accounts for 7% of the total viable count.
  • the number of viable bacteria of Lactobacillus bulgaricus accounts for 7% of the total viable cells.
  • the number of live bacteria of Clostridium butyricum accounts for 6% of the total viable cells.
  • the viable count of Bifidobacterium longum accounts for 3% of the total viable count.
  • the viable count of Bifidobacterium infantis accounts for 1.5% of the total viable count.
  • the number of live bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis accounts for 1% of the total viable cells.
  • the viable cell count of Bifidobacterium breve accounts for 0.8% of the total viable cell count.
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus reuteri accounts for 0.8% of the total viable cells.
  • the number of viable bacteria of the Lactobacillus fermentum accounts for 0.8% of the total viable cells.
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus casei accounts for 0.8% of the total viable cells.
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus helveticus accounts for 0.4% of the total viable cells.
  • the number of viable bacteria of Lactobacillus saliva is 0.3% of the total viable cells.
  • the viable count of Lactobacillus paracasei accounts for 0.3% of the total viable cells.
  • the number of live bacteria of Lactobacillus gasseri is 0.3% of the total viable cells.
  • the strain in the above medicament of the present invention, is in the form of a lyophilized powder.
  • the lyophilized powder is prepared according to the following method: after the strain is expanded and cultured, the bacteria are collected, a protective agent is added, and lyophilization is performed to obtain an active bacteria. powder.
  • the live bacteria powder of Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus licheniformis is prepared according to the following method: the strain is expanded to a spore rate of 80% or more, The cells were collected by centrifugation, a protective agent was added, and lyophilized to obtain an active bacterial powder.
  • the protective agent comprises: 7% (w/v) of skim milk powder, 8% (w/v) of trehalose, and 5% of maltodextrin (w/ v) one or more of cysteine hydrochloride 0.2-2.0 g/L and riboflavin 0.01-0.5 g/L.
  • the amount of each of the protective agents added is based on the fermentation broth.
  • the viable bacteria are first counted for each active bacterial powder, and the counting method is a gradient dilution-plate pouring method; then, the addition amount of each bacteria is calculated, and the respective bacterial powders are weighed and uniformly mixed, and packaged in an anatomical manner.
  • the oxygen bottle the bottle was filled with nitrogen and stored at -20 °C.
  • the above-mentioned medicament of the present invention further comprises a diluent for arranging the bacterial liquid for clinical use.
  • the diluent composition comprises: cysteine hydrochloride 0.2 to 2.0 g/L, and riboflavin 0.01 to 0.5 g/L.
  • the diluent composition may further include an appropriate amount of sodium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
  • the composition of the diluent comprises: sodium chloride 5-10 g/L, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.5-3.0 g/L, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-2.0 g/L.
  • the diluent composition comprises: sodium chloride 5-10 g/L, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.5-3.0 g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-2.0 g/L, cysteamine.
  • the acid salt is 0.2 to 2.0 g/L
  • the riboflavin is 0.01 to 0.5 g/L.
  • the diluent composition comprises: sodium chloride 8 g / L, disodium hydrogen phosphate 1.42 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.27 g / L, cysteine hydrochloride 0.5 g/L, riboflavin 0.05 g/L, purified water 1 L, pH 6.5-7.0.
  • the diluent is formulated according to the following method: each component is weighed, dissolved in purified water in order, and pH is adjusted using 1 mol/L HCl or NaOH solution. Adjust to between 6.5 and 7.0. The dilution was stored at 4 °C.
  • the diluent is physiological saline.
  • the present invention also provides a method of preventing and/or treating a digestive tract adverse reaction and/or a dermatological adverse reaction, the method comprising: administering to a patient an effective amount of the medicament of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preventing and/or treating anti-tumor drugs or gastrointestinal adverse reactions and/or skin adverse reactions caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the method comprising: administering to a patient an effective dose of the drug of the present invention .
  • the present invention also provides the use of the medicament of the present invention for the preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating a digestive tract adverse reaction and/or a dermatological adverse reaction in a patient, preferably in the preparation of a prophylactic or therapeutic antibiotic.
  • a tumor drug or a drug for gastrointestinal and/or cutaneous adverse reactions caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
  • the method of the present invention is for avoiding, reducing or reducing gastrointestinal adverse effects and/or skin adverse reactions caused by antitumor drugs or radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
  • the anti-tumor drug is a targeted anti-tumor drug.
  • the medicament is administered to the patient via a nasal jejunal tube.
  • the patient in the above method of the invention, is a patient with lung cancer, liver cancer or intestinal cancer with diarrhea.
  • the adverse effects of the digestive tract include diarrhea, abdominal pain or blood in the stool; and the skin adverse reaction includes a rash.
  • the above method of the invention comprises:
  • the patient is pre-implanted into the nasal jejunal;
  • the nasal jejunal tube is administered to the patient: one dose at a time, the total number of viable bacteria in one dose is 2.5 ⁇ 10 12 CFU, input once a day, and continuous infusion for 3 days.
  • the medicine is pre-formed into a bacterial liquid: the freeze-dried powder is taken out, and the indoor temperature is rewarmed for 10 minutes, and then the bottle is injected into the diluent, and one bottle is input at a time, and the carrier is prepared by using one carrier liquid. Liquid, one-time feeding into the intestine; if the preparation solution is insufficient, it can be prepared with an equal volume of medical saline.
  • the patient is pre-implanted into the nasal jejunal tube 1 day prior to the start of treatment, confirming the insertion of the nasal jejunal tube to the distal end of the duodenum or proximal end of the jejunum.
  • the specific operation can be carried out as follows:
  • the patient takes a sitting position or a semi-recumbent position, along one side of the nostril, first put the nasal jejunal tube into the stomach before eating, the tube is in the stomach: the tube is suspended about 40 cm, and then the tube is fixed in the proximal ear, and the patient is chewed immediately. Eating, with the help of gastric motility and intestinal peristalsis, the tube will enter the pylorus at 8-12H and go to the jejunum.
  • the medicament when clinically formulated, can be carried out as follows:
  • the original treatment regimen can be continued at the same time as the patient is administered the intestinal formula.
  • the present invention provides an enteric formula (microecological preparation) for treating and/or preventing digestive tract and/or skin adverse reactions, including but not limited to one or more of the following species:
  • the prescription of mixed freeze-dried powder contains 19 strains: 1 strain of Clostridium butyricum, 1 strain of Bacillus licheniformis, 11 strains of Lactobacillus, 5 strains of Bifidobacterium, and 1 strain of Streptococcus thermophilus.
  • 1 strain of Clostridium butyricum 1 strain of Bacillus licheniformis
  • 11 strains of Lactobacillus 11 strains of Lactobacillus
  • 5 strains of Bifidobacterium 5 strains of Bifidobacterium
  • Streptococcus thermophilus 1 strain of Streptococcus thermophilus.
  • the number of viable cells of 19 strains was tested by gradient dilution-plate pouring method, and the weight of each strain was calculated according to the number of viable bacteria detected and the prescription of the composite bacteria (see Table 1). Weigh 19 strains of bacteria powder and mix them in a high-efficiency mixer.
  • the total number of viable bacteria in each package is 2.5 ⁇ 10 12 CFU.
  • the mixed bacteria powder is weighed and packed in 250mL anaerobic bottle, and the weight of each powder is About 15g, packaged in an anaerobic bottle, filled with nitrogen, stored at -20 ° C.
  • Preparation method of the diluent Each component was weighed according to the formula shown in Table 2, dissolved in purified water, and made up to 1 L, and the pH was adjusted to 6.5-7.0 using 1 mol/L HCl or NaOH solution. The dilutions were dispensed into 125 mL vials of approximately 100 mL each, and the vials were sealed with butyl rubber stoppers and aluminum seals.
  • the dilution was sterilized at 121 ° C for 20 min, and the sterilized dilution was stored at 4 ° C.
  • Example 3 Study on the adverse reactions of digestive tract and adverse skin reactions caused by the application of targeted antitumor drugs, radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients treated with miniFMT
  • This example relates to the safety and efficacy of miniFMT in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal adverse reactions and cutaneous adverse reactions caused by the application of targeted anti-tumor drugs, chemoradiotherapy.
  • the patient is pre-implanted into the nasal jejunal tube (fasting before implantation), and the infusion solution can be received after implantation.
  • Preparation method of bacterial liquid Take out the freeze-dried powder from the refrigerator, re-warm the chamber for 10 minutes, then open the bottle to inject the special preparation solution, input 1 bottle at a time, make the bacterial liquid with 1 carrier liquid, and give it to the intestine once; If the preparation solution is insufficient, it can be prepared with an equal volume of medical saline.
  • the nasal jejunal tube placement method will be used to implant the nasal jejunal tube, and the nasal jejunal tube is inserted into the distal end of the duodenum or the proximal end of the jejunum.
  • the insertion method includes X-ray monitoring or transthoracic TET tube implantation. .
  • the patient was pre-implanted into the nasal jejunal tube; PPI was injected intravenously at least 1H in advance, or once every day before surgery and on the morning of the operation day; 10 mg of metoclopramide was injected at least 0.5H in advance.
  • the patient takes a sitting position or a semi-recumbent position, along one side of the nostril, first put the nasal jejunal tube into the stomach before eating, the tube is in the stomach: the tube is suspended about 40 cm, and then the tube is fixed in the proximal ear, and the patient is chewed immediately.
  • the tube will enter the pylorus at 8-12H and go to the jejunum.
  • the X-ray confirms that the position of the tube is correct and can start infusion of nutrient solution.
  • the method has the following advantages: 1. The operation is simple and convenient, the nurse can complete, does not need endoscopic techniques, anesthesia; 2, the trauma is small, the doctor is not exposed to radiation, and the patient with normal gastrointestinal motility needs only one flat film to confirm, The dose received is much smaller than under the direct vision of the gastrointestinal machine.
  • the operation process includes: taking the liquid, rewarming, taking the powder, preparing, oscillating, and injecting into the intestine.
  • the solution was taken out: 1H before the treatment, the special preparation liquid (the solution prepared in Example 6) was taken out from the refrigerator at 4 °C.
  • Rewarming 37 ° C water bath rewarming 10 min (do not open the lid), after rewarming, the temperature of the special preparation liquid is close to room temperature.
  • Dosing Use iodophor to sterilize the cap and upper 1/3 of the bottle (because wearing sterile gloves, you need to grasp the bottle, so disinfect the bottle together).
  • Microbial powder The bacterial powder established by the present invention.
  • Configure the liquid then use a 50ml syringe to pump the gas into the formula powder bottle, so that the subsequent preparation liquid can be input into the powder bottle, and the preparation liquid is extracted. Each time 50ml is taken, a total of 2 times are taken, and the special preparation liquid is immediately injected. A total of 100 ml of special preparation solution is input into the powder bottle.
  • Oscillation Shake on the shaker for 30 s to 1 min, and mix the bacteria solution (the cover of the powder bottle is not open).
  • Inject into the intestine use a special intestine formula sucker to suck out, use 20ml syringe to enter the intestinal formula bacteria liquid into the nasal jejunal tube, each time 20mL, a total of 80-100ml, one dose each time, input once a day , continuous infusion for 3 days.
  • Patient 1 Male, 49 years old
  • sunitinib sunitinib 37.5mg, oral, once a day treatment.
  • 2016-9-8 increased the number of bowel movements, an average of 7-8 times / day, thin watery stool, no bloody stool, black stool, mucus pus and blood.
  • Diagnosis 1, sigmoid colon cancer (T4aN2bM1IV phase KRAS wild type); 2, liver metastasis.
  • FOLFOX4 D1: Oxaliplatin (oxaliplatin, 85mg/m 2 ) and CF (aldehyde hydrogen folic acid, 200mg/m 2 ) were intravenously infused for 2 hours; 5-FU (fluorouracil, 400mg/m2) bolus; -FU (600mg/m2) was injected with pump within 22 hours; D2: CF (200mg/m 2 ) was instilled for 2 hours; 5-FU (400mg/m2) bolus; 5-FU (600mg/m2) The pump is injected within 22 hours; repeat every two weeks)
  • 2016-12-06 to 2017-3-9 continue to "FOLFOX4 + Erbitux 800mg intravenous drip, 2 times a week" program chemotherapy 7 cycles. 2017-3-9 Itching, pain and other symptoms worsened than before, seriously affecting the quality of sleep.
  • CTC level 1 Significant relief of rash (CTC level 1), no pain, itching.
  • 2016-02-17 Line 2 "three-dimensional radiotherapy", simultaneous chemotherapy for 1 cycle.
  • Colonoscopy 2017-4-11: Intestinal mucosa congestion, see scattered in the flaky telangiectasia, brittle, easy to hemorrhage, the previous wall is even, the intestinal wall is hard, narrow, can not enter the mirror 25cm from the incisors get inside. Consider radiation enteritis.
  • Upper and middle abdominal CT enhancement (2017-04-20): thickening of the ileal end wall, considering radiation enteritis.
  • Diagnosis 1. Cervical cancer (II a-b phase) after chemotherapy and post-operative recurrence after concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
  • Defecation habits change and blood in the stool, stool 4 times a day, most of the formation, no colic, occasional abdominal distension, mucus, red blood, followed by patients with intestinal formula treatment, patients with nasal jejunal tube Tube surgery, after three consecutive days of receiving intestinal formula treatment. On the third day, the number of bowel movements was significantly reduced, and the fecal traits were formed. On the 14th day, the symptoms of mucus, pus and bloody stools, rash, bloating, and urgency disappeared, and the patient returned to normal.
  • the patients were subsequently treated with intestinal formula, and the patients were given nasal tube catheterization, followed by intestinal formula treatment for three consecutive days. On the third day, the patient's skin itching symptoms and mental state improved significantly. After eating noodles and fruits, there was no allergies and the weight increased by 10 kg.
  • the method of the present invention initially shows that the intestinal formula is effective and safe in treating digestive tract and skin reactions

Abstract

提供了一种防治消化道和/或皮肤反应的肠道配方菌及其应用。该配方菌包括植物乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌、约氏乳酸杆菌、婴儿双歧杆菌、唾液乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、乳酸乳杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌、格氏乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、副干酪乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌、短双歧杆菌、短乳杆菌、动物双歧杆菌、丁酸梭菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、徳氏乳杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌中的至少一种。该配方菌用于控制和治疗消化道与皮肤不良反应。

Description

防治消化道和/或皮肤反应的菌群及其应用 技术领域
本发明是关于一种防治消化道和/或皮肤反应的菌群及其应用,优选是关于一种防治药物治疗或者放化疗的相关消化道和/或皮肤反应的菌群及其应用,具体而言,是关于一种用于防治消化道和/或皮肤反应,特别是预防和/或治疗药物治疗或者放化疗的相关消化道和/或皮肤反应的菌群、包含该菌群的药物,以及利用肠道配方菌有效控制和治疗消化道与皮肤不良反应的方法。
背景技术
随着发病率和死亡率的增加,癌症已经成为中国人群死亡的首要原因和主要的公共健康问题。当前的治疗手段包括:手术、放疗、化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗等。
手术是肿瘤治疗的主要手段,但存在着难以清除微小转移灶、促进转移倾向的问题。放疗能有效破坏和消灭癌细胞,但却损伤机体正常细胞,降低机体免疫力。化疗为肿瘤内科治疗的基石,对肿瘤细胞杀伤无选择性,可损伤正常组织。免疫治疗作为新兴的治疗手段,效用持久,部分患者可达完全缓解,副作用较少,但价格昂贵,且无法准确评估疗效。
靶向治疗是另一种新疗法,可根据不同的靶点选择药物,精准抗癌,但却存在着耐药性等问题,例如,患者在使用靶向药物利妥昔单抗、西妥昔单抗、曲妥珠单抗、贝伐单抗等治疗中存在皮疹、潮红、休克等过敏反应,使用吉非替尼、盐酸厄洛替尼、西妥昔单抗等治疗存在皮疹、毛发改变、毛囊炎、甲沟炎、口腔溃疡等皮肤毒性问题;使用阿帕替尼、阿西替尼也存在腹胀、腹泻、恶心、呕吐、食欲降低等消化道毒性。在临床上已证实,靶向抗肿瘤药物的消化道与皮肤不良反应恰恰是药物发挥疗效的证明,尽管大多数不良反应可以得到迅速处理,但是严重的、甚至危及生命的不良反应仍能发生,一些肿瘤患者因严重的消化道与皮肤不良反应导致不得不停药、减量,导致生存期缩短。
如何在保证药物或者放化疗发挥作用的同时控制其副反应,不会因不良反应导致停药,减轻病人由于不良反应带来的生活质量下降问题,及已发生的严重不良反应如何挽救,成为当前临床急需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的研究发现,利用肠道配方菌可以有效的控制和治疗消化道与皮肤不良反应。
一方面,本发明提供了选自以下菌种中的一种菌种或多种菌种的组合在制备用于预防和/或治疗皮肤反应的药物中的应用,优选在制备用于预防和/或治疗药物治疗或者放化疗的相关皮肤 反应的药物中的应用:
植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);约氏乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis);青春双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis)如乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);徳氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus delbrueckii);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
本发明还提供了选自以下菌种中的多种菌种的组合在制备用于预防和/或治疗消化道反应的药物中的应用,优选是在制备用于预防和/或治疗药物治疗或者放化疗的相关消化道反应的药物中的应用:
植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);约氏乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis);青春双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis)如乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);徳氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus delbrueckii);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述应用中,所述多种菌种的组合包括以下菌中的至少各一种:丁酸梭菌;地衣芽孢杆菌;乳杆菌;双岐杆菌;嗜热链球菌。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述应用中,当所述多种菌种的组合包括乳杆菌和/或双岐杆菌时,所述双歧杆菌包括以下菌的至少各一种:长双歧杆菌,两歧双岐杆菌,乳双岐杆菌;所述乳杆菌包括以下菌的至少各一种:鼠李糖乳杆菌,植物乳杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌,保加利亚乳杆菌。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述应用中,所述多种菌种的组合还包括以下菌中的一种或多种:婴儿双岐杆菌,短双歧杆菌,罗伊氏乳杆菌,发酵乳杆菌,干酪乳杆菌,瑞士乳杆菌,唾液乳杆菌,副干酪乳杆菌,格氏乳杆菌。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述应用中,所述多种菌种的组合包括以下菌种中的至少各一种:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述应用中,当所述多种菌种的组合中包含以下菌的一种或多种时,各菌在组合中的量分别独立地为:
嗜热链球菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
两歧双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
动物双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
鼠李糖乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
植物乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
嗜酸乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
保加利亚乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
丁酸梭菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
长双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
婴儿双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
地衣芽胞杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
短双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
罗伊氏乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
发酵乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
干酪乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
瑞士乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.3~20%;
唾液乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.2~20%;
副干酪乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.2~20%;
格氏乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.2~20%。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述应用中,所述菌种是以冻干菌粉的形式用于制备所述药物。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述应用中,所冻干菌粉是按照以下方法制备得到的:将菌种扩大培养后收集菌体,添加保护剂,冷冻干燥,制得活性菌粉。
另一方面,本发明还提供了一种用于预防和/或治疗消化道和/或皮肤不良反应的药物,优选地,本发明提供了一种用于预防和/或治疗抗肿瘤药物或者放化疗引起的消化道和/或皮肤不良反应的药物,其包括但不限于以下菌种中的一种或多种活菌:
植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);约氏乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis);青春双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis)如乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);徳氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus delbrueckii);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
本发明还提供了一种药物,其包括多种活菌,所述多种活菌包括以下菌中的至少各一种:丁酸梭菌;地衣芽孢杆菌;乳杆菌;双岐杆菌;嗜热链球菌。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物,其包括以下菌中的至少各一种活菌:丁酸梭菌;地衣芽孢杆菌;乳杆菌;双岐杆菌;嗜热链球菌。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物,所述双歧杆菌包括以下菌中的至少各一种:长双歧杆菌,两歧双岐杆菌,乳双岐杆菌;
所述乳杆菌包括以下菌中的至少各一种:鼠李糖乳杆菌,植物乳杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌,保加利亚乳杆菌。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述多种活菌还包括以下菌中的一种或多种:婴儿双岐杆菌,短双歧杆菌,罗伊氏乳杆菌,发酵乳杆菌,干酪乳杆菌,瑞士乳杆菌,唾液乳杆菌,副干酪乳杆菌,格氏乳杆菌。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物,其包括以下菌种中的至少各一种:植物 乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,当所述药物包含以下菌的一种或多种时,各菌在酶单位包装的药物中的含量分别独立地为:
嗜热链球菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
两歧双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
动物双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
鼠李糖乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
植物乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
嗜酸乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
保加利亚乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
丁酸梭菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
长双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
婴儿双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
地衣芽胞杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
短双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
罗伊氏乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
发酵乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
干酪乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
瑞士乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
唾液乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
副干酪乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
格氏乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,嗜热链球菌活菌数占总活菌数的25%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,两歧双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的16%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,动物双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的13%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,鼠李糖乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的8%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,植物乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的8%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,嗜酸乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的7%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,保加利亚乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的7%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,丁酸梭菌活菌数占总活菌数的6%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,长双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的3%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,婴儿双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1.5%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,地衣芽胞杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,短双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.8%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,罗伊氏乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.8%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,发酵乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.8%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,干酪乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.8%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,瑞士乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.4%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,唾液乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.3%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,副干酪乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数 的0.3%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,格氏乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.3%。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述菌种为冻干菌粉形式。
根据本发明的一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所冻干菌粉是按照以下方法制备得到的:将菌种扩大培养后收集菌体,添加保护剂,冷冻干燥,制得活性菌粉。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述丁酸梭菌、地衣芽孢杆菌的活菌菌粉是按照以下方法制备的:将菌种扩大培养至芽孢率达80%以上,离心收集菌体,添加保护剂,冷冻干燥,制得活性菌粉。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述保护剂包括:脱脂乳粉7%(w/v)、海藻糖8%(w/v)、麦芽糊精5%(w/v)、半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.2-2.0g/L、核黄素0.01-0.5g/L中的一种或多种。所述各保护剂的添加量是以发酵菌液计。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,首先对每种活性菌粉进行活菌计数,计数方法为梯度稀释-平皿倾注法;然后计算各菌的添加量,称量各菌粉并混合均匀,封装于厌氧瓶中,瓶内充氮气,存储于-20℃。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物,还包括用于临床使用时配置菌液的稀释液。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述稀释液组成包括:半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.2~2.0g/L,核黄素0.01~0.5g/L。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述稀释液组成还可包括适量的氯化钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钾。优选地,所述稀释液组成中包括:氯化钠5~10g/L,磷酸氢二钠0.5~3.0g/L,磷酸二氢钾0.2~2.0g/L。
在本发明的一些具体实施中,所述稀释液组成包括:氯化钠5~10g/L,磷酸氢二钠0.5~3.0g/L,磷酸二氢钾0.2~2.0g/L,半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.2~2.0g/L,核黄素0.01~0.5g/L。
在本发明的一些更具体实施中,所述稀释液组成包括:氯化钠8g/L,磷酸氢二钠1.42g/L,磷酸二氢钾0.27g/L,半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.5g/L,核黄素0.05g/L,纯化水1L,pH为6.5~7.0。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述稀释液是按照以下方法配制的:称量各组分,按顺序溶解至纯化水中,使用1mol/L的HCl或NaOH溶液将pH调整为6.5-7.0之间。稀释液于4℃保存。
根据本发明的另一些具体实施方案,本发明的上述药物中,所述稀释液为生理盐水。
本发明还提供了一种预防和/或治疗消化道不良反应和/或皮肤不良反应的方法,该方法包括:施予患者有效剂量的本发明所述的药物。
本发明还提供了一种预防和/或治疗抗肿瘤药物或者放化疗带来的消化道不良反应和/或皮肤不良反应的方法,该方法包括:施予患者有效剂量的本发明所述的药物。
换而言之,本发明还提供了本发明所述的药物在制备用于预防和/或治疗患者消化道不良反应和/或皮肤不良反应中的应用,优选在制备用于预防和或治疗抗肿瘤药物或者放化疗引起的消化道和/或皮肤不良反应的药物中的应用。
本发明的方法是用于避免、减少或降低抗肿瘤药物或者放化疗带来的消化道不良反应和/或皮肤不良反应。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,所述抗肿瘤药物为靶向抗肿瘤药物。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述方法中,通过鼻空肠管将所述药物施予患者。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,本发明的上述方法中,所述患者为肺癌、肝癌或肠癌合并腹泻的患者。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述方法中,所述消化道不良反应包括腹泻、腹痛或便血;所述皮肤不良反应包括皮疹。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,本发明的上述方法包括:
患者预先植入鼻空肠管;
鼻空肠管施予患者所述药物:每次1个剂量,1个剂量的活菌总数为2.5×10 12CFU,每天输入1次,连续输注3天。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,所述药物是预先配制成菌液:取出冻干菌粉,自然室内复温10分钟再开瓶注入稀释液,一次输入1瓶,用1支载体液制成菌液,一次性给入肠道;如果临时遇到配制液不足,可以用等体积医用生理盐水配制。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,治疗开始前1天患者预先植入鼻空肠管,确认鼻空肠管插入至十二指肠远端或者空肠近端。具体的操作可以按照以下方式进行:
提前至少1H静脉注射PPI,或术前夜间及术日上午口服PPI各一次;提前至少0.5H肌注胃复安10mg,所述的PPI为质子泵抑制剂;
患者取坐位或半卧位,沿一侧鼻孔,首先将鼻空肠管置入胃内进食前,管子在胃内:将管道悬空约40厘米,再将管道固定于近耳垂部,嘱患者立即咀嚼进食,在胃动力、肠道蠕动的协助下管道会在8-12H进入幽门而至空肠。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,所述药物在临床配制时,可按照以下操作进行:
取稀释液:治疗前1H从4℃冰箱中取出专用稀释液。复温,复温后专用稀释液温度与室温相近为宜。
取菌粉,复温,注入复温后的稀释液,振荡混匀菌液。
根据本发明的具体实施方案,在施予患者肠道配方菌治疗时,可同时继续原治疗方案。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明的研究结果显示,本发明的肠道配方菌治疗消化道及皮肤反应是有效的,安全的。
2、床边鼻空肠管置入术对于胃肠动力正常的患者来说,是优选的方案,其具有如下优点:a、操作简单、方便,不需要内镜、麻醉及透视等技术;b、患者耐受性好,创伤小,安全性高。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,这些实施例并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明提供了一种用于治疗和/或预防消化道和/或皮肤不良反应的肠道配方菌(微生态制剂),包括但不限于以下菌种中的一种或多种:
菌种/拉丁名 菌种/中文名
Lactobacillus plantarum 植物乳杆菌
Bifidobacterium longum 长双歧杆菌
Lactobacillus johnsonii 约氏乳酸杆菌
Bifidobacterium infantis 婴儿双歧杆菌
Lactobacillus salivarius 唾液乳杆菌
Lactobacillus rhamnosus 鼠李糖乳杆菌
Lactobacillus acidophilus 嗜酸乳杆菌
Lactobacillus helveticus 瑞士乳杆菌
Lactobacillus lactis 乳酸乳杆菌
Bifidobacterium lactis 乳双歧杆菌
Bifidobacterium adolescentis 青春双歧杆菌
Lactobacillus reuteri 罗伊氏乳杆菌
Bifidobacterium bifidum 两歧双歧杆菌
Lactobacillus gasseri 格氏乳杆菌
Lactobacillus casei 干酪乳杆菌
Lactobacillus paracasei 副干酪乳杆菌
Lactobacillus fermentum 发酵乳杆菌
Bifidobacterium breve 短双歧杆菌
Lactobacillus brevis 短乳杆菌
Bifidobacterium animalis 动物双歧杆菌(除乳双歧杆菌以外的动物双歧杆菌)
Clostridium butylicum 丁酸梭菌
Bacillus licheniformis 地衣芽孢杆菌
Lactobacillus delbrueckii 徳氏乳杆菌
Lactobacillus bulgaricus 保加利亚乳杆菌
Streptococcus thermophilus 嗜热链球菌
实施例1、混合冻干菌粉的制备
混合冻干菌粉的处方共包含19株菌:1株丁酸梭菌、1株地衣芽孢杆菌、11株乳杆菌、5株双岐杆菌、1株嗜热链球菌的菌粉均购买于商业化产品,具体菌粉见下表。
采用梯度稀释-平皿倾注的方法分别对19株菌进行活菌数的检测,并根据检测出的活菌数及复合菌剂的处方(参见表1)计算每株菌添加的重量。分别称取19株菌菌粉,加入高效混合机内混合均匀。
每份包装的活菌总数为2.5×10 12CFU,根据处方的计算结果(每份菌粉重量约15g)称量混合好的菌粉分装于250mL的厌氧瓶中,每份菌粉重量约15g,封装于厌氧瓶内,瓶内充氮气,储存于-20℃。
表1:混合冻干菌粉的处方
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000001
实施例2、稀释液的制备
表2:稀释液的组成配方:
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000003
稀释液的配制方法:按表2所示配方称量各组分,溶解至纯化水中,并定容至1L,使用1mol/L的HCl或NaOH溶液将pH调整为6.5-7.0之间。将稀释液分装至125mL的西林瓶中,每瓶约100mL,使用丁基胶塞及铝封密封西林瓶。
稀释液在121℃条件下灭菌20min,灭菌后的稀释液存储于4℃。
实施例3、miniFMT治疗患者因应用靶向抗肿瘤药物、放化疗导致的消化道不良反应和皮肤不良反应的研究
本实施例,是关于miniFMT治疗患者因应用靶向抗肿瘤药物、放化疗导致的消化道不良反应和皮肤不良反应的安全性和疗效性研究。
1、研究目的:评价miniFMT治疗患者因应用靶向抗肿瘤药物、放化疗导致的消化道不良反应和皮肤不良反应的安全性和疗效性。
2、试验方法及流程:
2.1患者预先植入鼻空肠管(植入前需要空腹),植入后即可接受输注菌液。
2.2菌液配制方法:从冰箱取出冻干菌粉,自然室内复温10分钟再开瓶注入专用配制液,一次输入1瓶,用1支载体液制成菌液,一次性给入肠道;如果临时遇到配制液不足,可以用等体积医用生理盐水配制。
2.3治疗途径:鼻空肠管
2.4治疗频次:每次1个剂量,每天输入1次,连续输注3天。
2.5菌粉保存条件:
密闭,菌粉瓶冷冻-20℃,液体瓶4℃保存。
2.6操作方法:
采用床边鼻空肠管置入术方法将植入鼻空肠管,确认鼻空肠管插入至十二指肠远端或者空肠近端,插入方法包括X线监视下植入或者经胃镜TET管植入。
(1)床边鼻空肠管置入术
治疗开始前1天患者预先植入鼻空肠管;提前至少1H静脉注射PPI,或术前夜间及术日上午口服PPI各一次;提前至少0.5H肌注胃复安10mg。患者取坐位或半卧位,沿一侧鼻孔,首先将鼻空肠管置入胃内进食前,管子在胃内:将管道悬空约40厘米,再将管道固定于近耳垂部,嘱患者立即咀嚼进食,在胃动力、肠道蠕动的协助下管道会在8-12H进入幽门而至空肠,第二天X线确认管道的位置正确后即可开始输注营养液。该方法具有以下优点:1、操作简单、方便,护士就可完成,不需要内镜技术、麻醉;2、创伤小、医生不受辐射,胃肠动力基本正常的患者只需一次平片确认,所受剂量比胃肠机直视下小很多。
(2)试验流程
操作流程包括:取配液、复温、取菌粉、配制、振荡、注入肠道。
取配液:治疗前1H从4℃冰箱中取出专用配制液(实施例6配制的溶解液)。
复温:37摄氏度水浴复温10min(请勿开盖),复温后专用配制液温度与室温相近为宜。
配液:使用碘伏消毒瓶盖和上1/3瓶身(因戴着无菌手套,需抓握瓶身,故一同消毒瓶身)。
取菌粉:本发明所建立的菌粉。
配置液体:接着用50ml针筒打点气体进入配方菌粉瓶中,使得后续配制液体可以输入菌粉瓶中,抽取配制液体,每次抽取50ml,共计抽取2次,立即注入专用配制液,一次往菌粉瓶中输入1瓶专用配制液共100ml。
振荡:在振荡器上振荡30s-1min,混匀菌液(菌粉瓶盖勿开)。
注入肠道:使用专用肠道配方菌吸管吸出,利用20ml针筒将肠道配方菌菌液输入鼻空肠管中,每次20mL,共输入80-100ml,每次1个剂量,每天输入1次,连续输注3天。
患者肠道配方菌治疗后应该禁食1h,避免进食油腻、辛辣、不易消化食物。
3、结果:
患者1
患者1:男,49岁
病史:
2016-7-22行“左肾姑息性切除术”,术后病理提示:肾透明细胞癌伴局部肉瘤样变。
2016-8-23开始舒尼替尼(索坦)37.5mg,口服,一天一次治疗。
2016-9-8出现排便次数增加,平均7-8次/天,稀水样便,无血便、黑便、粘液脓血便。
考虑为靶向药物“舒尼替尼”的副作用,采用以下的方式治疗:(1)、给予减少药物剂量至“舒尼替尼25mg qd”治疗;(2)、同时给予思密达、黄连素、易蒙停等多种标准止泻治疗。但是腹泻症状持续反复,性状同前,未见明显缓解。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗,同时继续给予“舒尼替尼25mg/d”治疗。第3天,患者排便次数明显减少,粪便性状成型。第28天排便恢复正常,2-3次/天,粪便性状成型。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000005
患者2
患者:男,58岁
病史:2016-8-24因“剧烈左下腹痛1天”为主诉入院,行CT检查后考虑“乙状结肠癌伴穿孔”,急诊行“剖腹探查+乙状结肠切除+降结肠造瘘术”,术后病理:溃疡型中低分化腺癌。
诊断:1、乙状结肠癌(T4aN2bM1IV期KRAS野生型);2、肝转移。
后续治疗:2016-10-28开始行“FOLFOX4+爱必妥800mg静滴,每周2次”方案化疗。(FOLFOX4:D1:Oxaliplatin(奥沙利铂,85mg/m 2)与CF(醛氢叶酸,200mg/m 2)同时静脉滴注2小时;5-FU(氟尿嘧啶,400mg/m2)推注;5-FU(600mg/m2)用泵在22小时内注入;D2:CF(200mg/m 2)静脉滴注2小时;5-FU(400mg/m2)推注;5-FU(600mg/m2)用泵在22小时内注入;每两星期重复)
不良反应:2016-11-28开始出现面部皮疹,伴破溃、瘙痒、疼痛(CTC 3级),期间尝试布地奈德等对症治疗,上述症状未见明显缓解。由于化疗效果肯定,并未调整化疗联合靶向药物治疗方案。
2016-12-06至2017-3-9继续行“FOLFOX4+爱必妥800mg静滴,每周2次”方案化疗7周期。2017-3-9瘙痒、疼痛等症状较前加重,严重影响睡眠质量。
2017-3-17签署知情同意书入组,并行鼻空肠管置管。
2017-3-18至2017-3-20连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗。
D15:皮疹较前减少,破溃处结痂,瘙痒、疼痛明显缓解(CTC2级)。
D28:皮疹明显缓解(CTC 1级),无疼痛、瘙痒。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000006
患者3
患者:女,47岁
病史:
2014-10-19行活检示:浸润性低分化癌。
2014-11-07至2014-11-08行1周期化疗,后装腔内放疗2次。
2014-12-29行“广泛宫颈残端切除+左侧卵巢输卵管切除+盆腔淋巴结清扫术”。
2016-01-26行盆腔MRI示肿瘤复发。
2016-02-17行2阶段“三维适行放疗”,同时同步化疗1周期。
2016-11无明显诱因出现轻度腹痛,未予以重视。
肠镜(2017-4-11):肠腔粘膜充血,见散在片状毛细血管扩张,质脆,触之易出血,以前壁为甚,肠壁变硬,狭窄,入镜距门齿25cm处无法入内。考虑放射性肠炎。
2016-12出现腹痛加剧,呈刀割样剧烈疼痛,伴便血,约20ml/次,3-5/次/天左右。大便1次/1天,期间多次就诊于当地医院,予以止痛等对症治疗,症状无明显改善。
上、中腹部CT增强(2017-04-20):回肠末端管壁增厚,考虑放射性肠炎。
诊断:1、宫颈癌(II a-b期)化疗后放疗后术后复发同步放化疗后。
2、放射性肠炎。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗,D1:患者腹痛症状即明显改善,后腹痛逐渐好转。D14:患者腹痛、便血症状基本消失。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000007
患者4
患者:女,45岁
病史:排便习惯改变及大便带血半月余,2016年初因宫颈癌IIb期接受化疗2个疗程,25次放疗。2017年查肠镜,显示:乙状结构及直肠粘膜僵硬,水肿,散在糜烂出血。
检查诊断:放射性肠炎。
排便习惯改变及大便带血,大便每日4次,大多数成形,无绞痛,偶尔腹胀,粘液多,有鲜红色血便,后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗。第3天,患者排便次数明显减少,粪便性状成型,第14天粘液便、脓血便、皮疹、腹胀、里急后重等症状消失,病人恢复正常。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000008
患者5
患者:女,68岁
病史:宫颈癌术后放疗后术后一年,腹泻便血两月。患者既往有便秘,2016年确诊为“宫颈癌”,后行子宫全切除术,术后行化疗、放疗术。至2017年化疗6次结束,放疗25次结束。患者出现腹泻7-8次/日,每日前2次便中带鲜血,伴里急后重、肛门坠胀感。2018年查肠镜示:肛门、直肠见3个溃疡,直径约0.5-2CM,表面白苔覆盖,周边粘膜充血水肿,进镜约20cm,阻力大内镜不能通过,诊断:直肠多发溃疡。常规入院行肠道抗炎治疗、效果不佳。
检查诊断:放射性肠炎。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗。第3天开始,患者排便次数明显减少,粪便性状成型,腹痛不适消失,粘液便、脓血便、里急后重明显好转。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000010
患者6
患者:男,61岁
病史:患者于2015年行“直肠癌根治术”,术后行局部放疗25次。放疗后患者出现反复腹泻,2017年肠镜示:直肠癌术后,直肠炎。2018年患者出现腹泻,每日10次左右,不成形,间断有肉眼血尿,伴食欲减退,偶有下腹部坠胀不适。
检查诊断:放射性肠炎。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗。第3天开始,患者排便次数明显减少,粪便性状成型,腹胀不适缓解,脓血便消失,粘液便明显好转。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000011
患者7
患者:男,23岁,7年病程
病史:患者2010年进食后面颊、脚踝处瘙痒,抓后呈现红斑,无水泡,4-5小时红斑自行消退,进食油饼、包子后症状更明显,期间偶有腹泻。2016年皮肤科就诊显示,IgE>200,诊断为过敏性皮炎,过敏时主要表现为全身性荨麻疹。
检查诊断:过敏性皮疹。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠 道配方菌治疗。第3天开始,患者皮肤瘙痒症状、精神状态明显改善,后食用面食及水果无过敏现象,体重增加10斤。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000012
患者8
患者:男,26岁,8年病程
病史:患者8年前无明显诱因出现腹泻,不成型糊状,无粘液脓血,有里急后重,大便约5-6次每日,多伴有下腹痛,排便后缓解,症状未改善,2017年肠镜显示:大肠糜烂性改变,病理显示:盲肠、直肠粘膜改变。
检查诊断:肠易激综合征。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗。第3天开始,患者排便次数明显减少,粪便性状成型,腹痛不适消失,里急后重改善,精神状态改善。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000013
患者9
患者:男,64岁,6个月病程
病史:患者2016年术前检查提示肝脏多发转移瘤,全麻下行胰十二指肠切除,术后病理示:胰腺癌,行GP方案化疗6个疗程,2017年行肝内及肝门部病灶放疗。出院后口服曲马多止痛治疗,大便干结,遂停药。后续开始出现腹泻,大便3-4次/日,稀水便或糊状便,无粘液脓血便,伴腹痛不适,排便后腹痛缓解。
检查诊断:肠易激综合征。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗。第3天开始,患者排便次数明显减少,粪便性状成型,粘液便消失,腹痛明显减轻,里急后重明显改善,食欲变好。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000014
患者10
患者:男,36岁,4年病程
病史:患者4年前无明显诱因下出现低热,伴有胸痛,诊治结核性胸膜炎,后续抗结核治疗,6个月后痊愈。2014年开始出现腹泻症状,约4次/日,稀糊便,有粘液,无脓血便,无腹痛、腹胀。胃镜:慢性浅表性胃炎。肠镜:慢性结肠炎、末端回肠炎、痔疮。2017年患者出现肛周脓肿,后续行肛周脓肿切除术,术后恢复,可仍腹泻,糊状便,有粘液和脓血,无腹痛,偶有腹胀。
检查诊断:克罗恩病。
后续给予患者采用肠道配方菌治疗,给予患者进行鼻空肠管置管术,之后连续三天接受肠道配方菌治疗。第3天开始,患者排便次数明显减少,粪便性状成型,粘液便消失,腹胀明显 减轻。
Figure PCTCN2018096600-appb-000015
结论:
1、本发明方法初步显示,肠道配方菌治疗消化道及皮肤反应是有效的,安全的;
2、床边鼻空肠管置入术对于胃肠动力正常的患者来说,是优选的方案,其具有如下优点:a、操作简单、方便,不需要内镜、麻醉及透视等技术;b、患者耐受性好,创伤小,安全性高。

Claims (25)

  1. 选自以下菌种中的一种菌种或多种菌种的组合在制备用于预防和/或治疗皮肤反应的药物中的应用,优选在制备用于预防和/或治疗药物治疗或者放化疗的相关皮肤反应的药物中的应用:
    植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);约氏乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis);青春双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis)如乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);徳氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus delbrueckii);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
  2. 选自以下菌种中的多种菌种的组合在制备用于预防和/或治疗消化道反应的药物中的应用,优选在制备用于预防和/或治疗药物治疗或者放化疗的相关消化道反应的药物中的应用:
    植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);约氏乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis);青春双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis)如乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);徳氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus delbrueckii);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的应用,其中,所述多种菌种的组合包括以下菌中的至少各一种:丁酸梭菌;地衣芽孢杆菌;乳杆菌;双岐杆菌;嗜热链球菌;
    优选地,所述多种菌种的组合包括以下双歧杆菌中的至少各一种:长双歧杆菌,两歧双岐杆菌,乳双岐杆菌;
    优选地,所述多种菌种的组合包括以下乳杆菌中的至少各一种:鼠李糖乳杆菌,植物乳杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌,保加利亚乳杆菌。
  4. 根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的应用,其中,所述多种菌种的组合还包括以下菌中的一种或多种:婴儿双岐杆菌,短双歧杆菌,罗伊氏乳杆菌,发酵乳杆菌,干酪乳杆菌,瑞士乳杆菌,唾液乳杆菌,副干酪乳杆菌,格氏乳杆菌。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的应用,其中,所述多种菌种的组合包括以下菌种中的至少各一种:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
  6. 根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的应用,其中,当所述多种菌种的组合中包含以下菌的一种或多种时,各菌在组合中的量分别独立地为:
    嗜热链球菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
    两歧双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
    动物双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
    鼠李糖乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
    植物乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
    嗜酸乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
    保加利亚乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
    丁酸梭菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
    长双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~30%;
    婴儿双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
    地衣芽胞杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的1~20%;
    短双歧杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
    罗伊氏乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
    发酵乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
    干酪乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.5~20%;
    瑞士乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.3~20%;
    唾液乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.2~20%;
    副干酪乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.2~20%;
    格氏乳杆菌活菌数占总活菌数的0.2~20%。
  7. 根据权利要求1~6任一项所述的应用,其中,所述菌种是以冻干菌粉的形式用于制备所述药物;
    优选地,所冻干菌粉是按照以下方法制备得到的:
    将菌种扩大培养后收集菌体,添加保护剂,冷冻干燥,制得活性菌粉。
  8. 一种用于预防和/或治疗消化道和/或皮肤不良反应的药物,该药物优选为用于预防和或治疗抗肿瘤药物或者放化疗引起的消化道和/或皮肤不良反应的药物,其包括以下菌种中的一种或多种活菌:植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);约氏乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);乳酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus lactis);青春双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis)如乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);徳氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus delbrueckii);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
  9. 一种药物,其包括多种活菌,所述多种活菌包括以下菌中的至少各一种:
    丁酸梭菌;地衣芽孢杆菌;乳杆菌;双岐杆菌;嗜热链球菌。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的药物,其中,所述多种活菌包括以下菌中的至少各一种:丁酸梭菌;地衣芽孢杆菌;乳杆菌;双岐杆菌;嗜热链球菌:
    优选地,所述双歧杆菌包括以下菌中的至少各一种:长双歧杆菌,两歧双岐杆菌,乳双岐杆菌;
    优选地,所述乳杆菌包括以下菌中的至少各一种:鼠李糖乳杆菌,植物乳杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌,保加利亚乳杆菌。
  11. 根据权利要求8~10任一项所述的药物,其中,所述多种活菌还包括以下菌中的一种或 多种:婴儿双岐杆菌,短双歧杆菌,罗伊氏乳杆菌,发酵乳杆菌,干酪乳杆菌,瑞士乳杆菌,唾液乳杆菌,副干酪乳杆菌,格氏乳杆菌。
  12. 根据权利要求8或9所述的药物,其包括以下菌种中的至少各一种:
    植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum);婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis);唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius);鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus);嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus);瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillus helveticus);罗伊氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri);两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri);干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei);副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei);发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum);短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve);动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis);丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butylicum);地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis);保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus);嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。
  13. 根据权利要求8~12任一项所述的药物,其中,当所述药物包含以下菌的一种或多种时,各菌在每单位包装的药物中的含量分别独立地为:
    嗜热链球菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
    两歧双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
    动物双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
    鼠李糖乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    植物乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    嗜酸乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    保加利亚乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    丁酸梭菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    长双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 7~10 12CFU/包装;
    婴儿双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    地衣芽胞杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    短双歧杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    罗伊氏乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    发酵乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    干酪乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    瑞士乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    唾液乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    副干酪乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装;
    格氏乳杆菌10 3~10 12CFU/包装;优选为10 6~10 11CFU/包装。
  14. 根据权利要求8~13任一项所述的药物,其中,所述菌种为冻干菌粉形式;
    优选地,所冻干菌粉是按照以下方法制备得到的:
    将菌种扩大培养后收集菌体,添加保护剂,冷冻干燥,制得活性菌粉。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的药物,其中,所述保护剂包括:脱脂乳粉7%(w/v)、海藻糖8%(w/v)、麦芽糊精5%(w/v)、半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.2-2.0g/L、核黄素0.01-0.5g/L中的一种或多种。
  16. 根据权利要求8~13任一项所述的药物,该药物还包括用于临床使用时配置菌液的稀释液。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的药物,其中,所述稀释液组成包括:半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.2-2.0g/L,核黄素0.01-0.5g/L;
    优选地,所述稀释液组成还包括:氯化钠8g/L,磷酸氢二钠1.42g/L,磷酸二氢钾0.27g/L。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的药物,其中,所述稀释液pH为6.5~7.0。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的药物,其中,所述稀释液是按照以下方法配制的:
    称量各组分,溶解至纯化水中,使用1mol/L的HCl或NaOH溶液将pH调整为6.5-7.0之间。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的药物,其中,所述稀释液为生理盐水。
  21. 权利要求8~20任一项所述的药物在制备用于预防和/或治疗患者消化道不良反应和/或皮肤不良反应中的应用,优选在制备用于预防和或治疗抗肿瘤药物或者放化疗引起的消化道和/或皮肤不良反应的药物中的应用。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的应用,其中,所述药物是通过鼻空肠管施予患者。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的应用,其中,所述患者为肺癌、肝癌或肠癌合并腹泻的患者。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的应用,其中,所述消化道不良反应包括腹泻、腹痛或便血;所述皮肤不良反应包括皮疹。
  25. 根据权利要求21所述的应用,还包括:
    患者预先植入鼻空肠管;
    鼻空肠管施予患者所述药物:每次1个剂量,每天输入1次,连续输注3天。
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