WO2019017173A1 - 施工現場管理装置、出力装置、および施工現場の管理方法 - Google Patents
施工現場管理装置、出力装置、および施工現場の管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019017173A1 WO2019017173A1 PCT/JP2018/024400 JP2018024400W WO2019017173A1 WO 2019017173 A1 WO2019017173 A1 WO 2019017173A1 JP 2018024400 W JP2018024400 W JP 2018024400W WO 2019017173 A1 WO2019017173 A1 WO 2019017173A1
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- work state
- construction site
- dump truck
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004549 pulsed laser deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/08—Construction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
- E02F9/2054—Fleet management
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/261—Surveying the work-site to be treated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/264—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
- G06Q10/06395—Quality analysis or management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/02—Registering or indicating driving, working, idle, or waiting time only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/02—Registering or indicating driving, working, idle, or waiting time only
- G07C5/04—Registering or indicating driving, working, idle, or waiting time only using counting means or digital clocks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/02—Registering or indicating driving, working, idle, or waiting time only
- G07C5/06—Registering or indicating driving, working, idle, or waiting time only in graphical form
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
- G07C5/12—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time in graphical form
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a construction site management device, an output device, and a management method of a construction site.
- Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-139408, filed Jul. 18, 2017, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for generating a time chart representing the traveling progress of a plurality of transport vehicles.
- a transport vehicle for transporting earth and sand, and a working machine for performing work such as cutting and filling are disposed. That is, at the construction site, a so-called fleet is formed of a combination of one or more transport vehicles and work machines that perform loading operations on the transport vehicles.
- a so-called fleet is formed of a combination of one or more transport vehicles and work machines that perform loading operations on the transport vehicles.
- An aspect of the present invention is to provide a construction site management device, an output device, and a management method of a construction site, which can easily grasp the working state of a fleet including a transport vehicle and a working machine.
- the construction site management apparatus identifies the time-based operation state of the working machine disposed at the construction site and the time-based operation state of the transport vehicle traveling the construction site
- a time chart generation unit that generates, based on the specified work state, a time chart representing the work state of the work machine according to time and a time chart representing the work state according to the time of the transport vehicle
- an output control unit for outputting the time chart representing the work state by time of the work machine and the time chart representing the work state by time of the transport vehicle on the same screen with the time axis in common.
- the construction site management device can easily grasp the operation state of the fleet including the transport vehicle and the work machine.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a construction site to be managed by the construction site management apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the construction site G according to the first embodiment has a cutting site G1 and a filling site G2.
- the cutting site G1 and the filling site G2 are connected by a traveling path G3.
- the traveling path G3 includes a general road connecting the cutting site G1 and the filling site G2, and a transport path prepared for transporting earth and sand in the construction site G.
- a hydraulic shovel M1 and a bulldozer M2 are disposed at the cutting site G1 and the filling site G2, respectively.
- the hydraulic shovel M ⁇ b> 1 and the bulldozer M ⁇ b> 2 are an example of a working machine that performs work related to soil at a construction site G.
- a plurality of dump trucks M3 are traveling between the cutting site G1 and the filling site G2.
- the dump truck M3 is an example of a transport vehicle that transports soil.
- the hydraulic shovel M1, the bulldozer M2, and the dump truck M3 are examples of the vehicle M.
- a plurality of hydraulic shovels M1 may be disposed at the cutting ground G1 and the filling ground G2, or a plurality of bulldozers M2 may be disposed, or the hydraulic shovel M1 may be disposed.
- one of the bulldozers M2 may not be deployed, and another vehicle M may be deployed.
- the number of transport vehicles deployed at the construction site G is greater than the number of work machines.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation of loading work by the hydraulic shovel.
- the operator of the hydraulic shovel M1 collects in advance the soil excavated in the vicinity of the stopping position of the dump truck M3 (step S01).
- the operator of the hydraulic shovel M1 causes the hydraulic shovel M1 to scoop up the earth and sand before the dump truck M3 arrives (step S02).
- the work of steps S01 and S02 may be omitted.
- the dump truck M3 When the dump truck M3 arrives at the predetermined loading area of the cutting site G1, the dump truck M3 stops in the vicinity of the hydraulic shovel M1 (step S03). Next, the operator of the hydraulic shovel M1 drops the scooped soil onto the vessel of the dump truck M3 (step S04). The operator of the hydraulic shovel M1 estimates whether the amount of earth and sand loaded onto the dump truck M3 is less than the loadable capacity of the dump truck M3 (step S05).
- step S05 the operator of hydraulic excavator M1 determines that the amount of soil loaded onto dump truck M3 is less than the loadable capacity of dump truck M3 (step S05: YES)
- the soil collected from the upper revolving structure of hydraulic excavator M1 Alternatively, it is turned in the direction of soil to be excavated (step S06).
- the operator of the hydraulic shovel M1 causes the hydraulic shovel M1 to scoop up the collected soil or excavated soil (step S07).
- step S08 the operator of the hydraulic shovel M1 turns the upper swing body of the hydraulic shovel M1 in the direction of the dump truck M3 (step S08), returns the process to step S4, and drops the earth and sand.
- step S05: NO the loading operation by hydraulic excavator M1 ends.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 disposed at the cutting site G1 may form a slope at the cutting site G1.
- the operator of the hydraulic shovel M1 brings the hydraulic shovel M1 into proximity to the slope area designed as a slope, and forms the soil on the surface of the slope area with a bucket while moving along the extending direction of the slope.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 for slope forming work is also referred to as a slope shovel.
- Bulldozer M2 deployed at cutting site G1 excavates and transports earth and sand at cutting site G1.
- the operator of the bulldozer M2 can dig the earth and sand into the bulldozer M2 by aligning the blade of the bulldozer M2 and advancing the bulldozer M2.
- the bulldozer M2 deployed at the cutting site G1 compacts the ground after excavation.
- the operator of the bulldozer M2 can cause the bulldozer M2 to compact the ground by raising the blade of the bulldozer M2 and running the bulldozer M2.
- the traveling speed at the time of compaction in the bulldozer M2 is higher than the traveling speed at the time of excavation.
- the dump truck M3 transports the soil loaded at the cutting site G1 to the filling site G2.
- the dump truck M3 moves from the embankment site G2 to the cutting site G1 when the soil is unloaded at the embankment site G2.
- the traveling speed of the dump truck M3 differs between when loading soil and when not loading it.
- the traveling speed of the dump truck M3 is different when traveling inside the filling site G2 or the cutting ground G1 and when traveling outside the travel path G3.
- the operator of the dump truck M3 rotates the dump truck M3 and causes the traveling backward to stop at the stopping position.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 disposed at the embankment site G2 loads the earth and sand on which the dump truck M3 has been lowered into the embankment site G2.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 disposed at the embankment site G2 should also be scooped after directing the upper revolving structure to the lowered soil and sand as with the hydraulic shovel M1 disposed at the cutting site G1. Rotate the upper revolving structure to the place and repeat the process of dropping the earth and sand to the place to be released.
- positioned at the embankment ground G2 may shape
- the bulldozer M2 deployed in the embankment site G2 lays the soil transported by the dump truck M3 in the embankment site G2. Specifically, the bulldozer M2 uniformly spreads the soil removed by the dump truck M3 or the like in the area to be leveled. In the leveling operation, the height which should be spread at a time according to the conditions of the construction site G and the operator, that is, the height to which the topography is raised more than before the leveling is determined.
- the bulldozer M2 sets the blade to a predetermined height and performs the laying operation in order to level the removed earth and sand by a predetermined height. The spreading operation is repeated several times until finally the area to be spread reaches the target height.
- step S11 The operator of the bulldozer M2 lowers the blade of the bulldozer M2 to an arbitrary height when soil is deposited on the area to be spread by the dump truck M3 (step S11). The height of the blade determines the height of the soil to be spread.
- step S12 the operator of the bulldozer M2 smoothes the soil by advancing the bulldozer M2 within the laying area (step S12). By advancing the bulldozer M2 once, soil can be spread to a certain distance (for example, about 10 meters) ahead.
- the operator of the bulldozer M2 retracts the bulldozer M2 (step S13).
- the operator of the bulldozer M2 determines whether the entire spreading area is spread with the bulldozer M2 (step S14). If there is a portion that is not leveled (step S14: NO), the operator of the bulldozer M2 includes the portion that is not leveled and the blade fits in a position that partially overlaps the portion that is already leveled. To move (step S15). For example, the operator of the bulldozer M2 retracts the bulldozer M2 diagonally backward when retracting in step S13. Then, the process returns to step S12, and forward movement and backward movement are repeated until the entire spreading area is spread.
- step S14 determines whether the height of the spread area has reached the target height (step S14) S16). If it is determined that the leveling height of the leveling area has not reached the target height (step S16: NO), the process returns to step S12, and the leveling height of the leveling area reaches the target height. Repeat forward and backward until. On the other hand, when the operator of the bulldozer M2 determines that the leveling height of the leveling area has reached the target height (step S16: YES), the leveling operation by the bulldozer M2 ends.
- the bulldozer M2 deployed in the embankment site G2 may compact the ground.
- the operator of the bulldozer M2 can compact the ground with the crawler belt of the bulldozer M2 by raising the blade of the bulldozer M2 and running the bulldozer M2.
- the traveling speed at the time of compaction in the bulldozer M2 is faster than the traveling speed at the time of leveling.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the construction site management apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 identifies the state of each vehicle M at the construction site G for each time of day, and outputs it as a time chart.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 is a computer including a processor 100, a main memory 200, a storage 300, and an interface 400.
- the storage 300 stores a program.
- the processor 100 reads a program from the storage 300, develops the program in the main memory 200, and executes processing according to the program.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 is connected to the network via the interface 400.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 is also connected to the input device 500 and the output device 600 via the interface 400. Examples of the input device 500 include a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel. Examples of the output device 600 include a monitor, a speaker, and a printer.
- Examples of the storage 300 include a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), and a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM). , Semiconductor memory and the like.
- the storage 300 may be internal media directly connected to the bus of the construction site management apparatus 10 or may be external media connected to the construction site management apparatus 10 via the interface 400.
- the storage 300 is a non-temporary, tangible storage medium.
- the processor 100 functions as a position reception unit 101, an azimuth reception unit 102, a time series recording unit 103, a work state identification unit 104, a design topography acquisition unit 105, a time chart generation unit 106, and an output control unit 107 by executing a program. . Also, the processor 100 secures a storage area of the time series storage unit 201 in the main memory 200 by executing the program.
- the position reception unit 101 receives position data of each vehicle M deployed at the construction site G at regular time intervals.
- the position data of the vehicle M may be received from a computer included in the vehicle M, or may be received from a computer brought into the vehicle M.
- An example of the computer brought into the vehicle M is a portable terminal.
- the direction reception unit 102 receives direction data of each vehicle M deployed at the construction site G at regular intervals.
- the direction data of the vehicle M may be received from a computer included in the vehicle M, or may be received from a computer brought into the vehicle M.
- the computer brought into the vehicle M transmits the orientation data, the computer is fixed to the vehicle M so that the computer does not rotate.
- the azimuth data includes not only output data from a sensor such as an electronic compass or a geomagnetic sensor, but also detection results of operation of a turning lever (including PPC pressure) and detection results of a gyro sensor and an angle sensor of the upper swing body. That is, the direction receiving unit 102 may specify the direction of the vehicle M by integrating the instantaneous change amount of the direction.
- the orientation data may be detected by a sensor provided to the vehicle M or a sensor provided outside the vehicle M. This sensor may detect orientation data by image analysis using a motion sensor or a camera, for example.
- the time series recording unit 103 stores the position data received by the position receiving unit 101 and the direction data received by the direction receiving unit 102 in the time series storage unit 201 in association with the ID of the vehicle M and the reception time.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing data stored in the time series storage unit.
- the time series of position data of each vehicle M and the time series of the direction data of each vehicle M are stored.
- the time series of position data and direction data may be, for example, a collection of position and direction data for each predetermined time as direction data by time, or may be obtained by collecting position and direction data at irregular times. It may be
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies the work state of each vehicle M based on the time series of position data stored in the time series storage unit 201, the time series of direction data, and the time series of traveling speed. Examples of the work state of the vehicle M include the type of work performed by the vehicle M, the place where the vehicle M is located, and the traveling direction (forward or backward) of the vehicle M. Types of work of the hydraulic shovel M1 include excavating work, loading work, filling work, welling work, slope forming work and the like. The excavation work is work for excavating earth and sand at the construction site G. The loading operation is an operation of loading the excavated soil on the dump truck M3.
- the embankment work is a work of putting the soil removed by the dump truck M3 on the construction site G.
- the welling work is a work of spreading the soil removed by the dump truck M3 to the construction site G.
- the slope forming operation is a forming operation for excavating and forming the slope surface area at the construction site G according to the design topography data.
- the types of work of the bulldozer M2 include digging and carrying work, spreading work, and compaction work.
- the digging and transporting work is a work of digging and transporting the earth and sand of the construction site G with a blade.
- the spreading operation is an operation of spreading the soil removed by the dump truck M3 to a predetermined height.
- the compaction operation is a molding operation in which the soil on the construction site G is compacted by the crawler belt.
- the types of work of the dump truck M3 include empty load traveling, loading traveling, loading work, and earth unloading work.
- Unloading is an operation in which the vessel is free from earth and sand.
- Loading travel is the task of traveling with the vessel in the presence of earth and sand.
- the loading operation is an operation of waiting while the earth and sand are loaded on the vessel by the hydraulic shovel M1.
- Earth removal work is work to lower the earth and sand loaded in the vessel.
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies whether the traveling state of the bulldozer M2 is forward or backward.
- the work state identification unit 104 determines whether the dump truck M3 is in the cutting ground G1 or the filling ground G2 as the traveling state of the dump truck M3 and whether it is in the process of turning or receding.
- the traveling state is an example of the working state.
- the design topography acquisition unit 105 acquires design topography data representing the design topography of the construction site G.
- the design topography data is three-dimensional data and includes position data in the global coordinate system.
- the design terrain data includes terrain type data indicating the type of terrain.
- the design topography data is created, for example, by three-dimensional CAD.
- the time chart generation unit 106 generates a time chart based on the type of work specified by the work state specification unit 104.
- the time chart which concerns on 1st Embodiment takes time on a horizontal axis, arranges the vehicle M on a vertical axis
- the output control unit 107 outputs, to the output device 600, an output signal that causes the time chart generated by the time chart generation unit 106 to be output.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method of outputting a time chart according to the first embodiment.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 periodically collects position data and orientation data from each vehicle M and generates time-series data during a period to be a target of the time chart.
- a computer mounted on each vehicle M or a computer carried into each vehicle M measures the position and orientation of the vehicle M at regular intervals.
- the computer of the vehicle M transmits position data indicating the measured position and direction data indicating the measured direction to the construction site management apparatus 10.
- the position of the vehicle M is specified by, for example, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) such as a GPS (Global Positioning System).
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- the direction of the vehicle M is specified by, for example, the vehicle M or an electronic compass provided in the computer of the vehicle M.
- the position reception unit 101 of the construction site management apparatus 10 receives position data from the computer of the vehicle M (step S101).
- the direction receiving unit 102 receives direction data from the computer of the vehicle M (step S102).
- the time series recording unit 103 stores the received position data and direction data in the time series storage unit 201 in association with the reception time and the ID of the vehicle M related to the reception source computer (step S103).
- the construction site management apparatus 10 determines whether or not the parameter identification process has been started by the user's operation or the like (step S104). When the parameter identification process has not been started (step S104: NO), the construction site management apparatus 10 repeatedly executes the process from step S101 to step S103 until the parameter identification process is started, whereby the time-series storage unit 201 is performed. A time series of position data and orientation data is formed.
- the design topography acquisition unit 105 acquires design topography data (step S105).
- the work state identification unit 104 calculates the traveling speed of each vehicle M at each time based on the time series of the position data of each vehicle M stored in the time series storage unit 201 (step S106). That is, the work state identification unit 104 generates a time series of the traveling speed of each vehicle M. Note that the time series of the traveling speed may be acquired by CAN (Control Area Network) data of the vehicle M.
- the work state identification unit 104 identifies the work state for each time of each vehicle M based on the design topography data, the position data of each vehicle M, the azimuth data, and the time series of traveling speed (step S107) .
- the time chart generation unit 106 generates a time chart based on the state specified by the work state specification unit 104 (step S108).
- the output control unit 107 outputs an output signal for outputting the time chart generated by the time chart generation unit 106 to the output device 600 (step S109).
- step S107 the method of specifying the state by the work state specifying unit 104 in step S107 will be specifically described.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a method of specifying the working state of the hydraulic shovel disposed at the cutting site in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of time series of orientation data of a hydraulic shovel.
- the work state identification unit 104 is located within a predetermined distance from the dump truck M3 on the basis of the time series of position data and the time series of traveling speed of the hydraulic shovel M1 disposed at the cutting site G1, and the hydraulic shovel A time zone in which the M1 and the dump truck M3 are stopped is specified (step S107A1).
- the vehicle M "stops" means the operation
- the work state specifying unit 104 sets the work state of the hydraulic shovel M1 for the time slot in which the hydraulic shovel M1 is repeatedly turning among the specified time slots. Of the loading operation state (step S107A2).
- the work state specifying unit 104 repeatedly turns in the left and right direction the turning of the hydraulic shovel M1 continuously changing in the same direction at an angle of a predetermined angle (for example, 10 degrees) or more. When it is repeated a predetermined number of times or more, it can be determined that the vehicle is repeatedly turning.
- a shaded portion indicates a time zone in which the distance between the hydraulic shovel M1 and the dump truck M3 is within a predetermined distance.
- the working condition specifying unit 104 is working condition of the hydraulic shovel M1 in a time zone in which the distance between the hydraulic shovel M1 and the dump truck M3 is within a predetermined distance and repetitive turning is performed. Is determined as the loading operation state.
- the work state identification unit 104 is in the time slot in which the hydraulic shovel M1 is traveling or the direction of the hydraulic shovel M1 changes. It specifies that the working condition of the hydraulic shovel M1 is another working condition (step S107A3). Other work conditions include digging work, and collecting sand for loading.
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state of the hydraulic shovel M1 is in the stopped state for the time zone in which the work state of the hydraulic shovel M1 is not specified (step S107A4).
- FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing a method of specifying the working state of the hydraulic shovel disposed in the embankment site G2 in the first embodiment.
- the work state identification unit 104 is located within a predetermined distance from the dump truck M3 with respect to the hydraulic excavator M1 disposed at the embankment site G2 based on the time series of position data and the traveling speed time series, and the hydraulic shovel M1. And the time at which the dump truck M3 is stopped is specified (step S107 B1). Next, the work state identification unit 104 identifies at least the time when the hydraulic shovel M1 is stopped starting from the identified time (step S107B2).
- the work state specifying unit 104 sets the work state of the hydraulic shovel M1 for the time slot in which the hydraulic shovel M1 is repeatedly turning among the specified time slots. It is identified that the type of the job is a well-to-be-opened task (step S107 B3).
- step S107B4 executes the processing from step S107B4 to step S107B5, and the work state of the hydraulic shovel M1 is the other work state or the stop state for the time zone in which the work state of the hydraulic shovel M1 is not specified. Identify which of the The process from step S107B4 to step S107B5 is the same as the process from step S107A3 to step S107A4.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a method of specifying the work state of the slope shovel according to the first embodiment.
- a slope shovel means the hydraulic shovel M1 which takes charge of the work which forms a slope.
- the work state identification unit 104 is within a predetermined distance of the slope area of the design terrain data of the slope terrain based on the time series of the position data and the design topography data acquired by the design topography acquisition unit 105 for the slope excavator.
- a time zone to be located is specified (step S107 C1).
- the work state identification unit 104 is configured to, for the time zone in which the slope shovel is moving along the extending direction of the slope or the direction of the slope shovel is turning, among the identified time zones.
- the operation state type of operation
- the slope forming operation is an operation for the slope shovel to excavate and form the slope area at the construction site according to the design topography data.
- the working condition specifying unit 104 determines whether the working condition of the slope shovel is not specified, that is, the time zone in which the slope shovel is not located within the predetermined distance of the slope area, the slope shovel is It is specified that the work condition of the slope shovel is another work state for the time zone in which the slope shovel is traveling or the direction of the slope shovel is changing (step S107C3).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state of the slope shovel is in the stopped state in the time zone in which the work state of the slope shovel is not specified (Step S107 C4).
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a method of specifying the working state of the bulldozer in the first embodiment.
- the work state identification unit 104 repetitively advances and retracts the bulldozer M2 based on the time series of position data and the traveling speed time series, and the advancing speed is a predetermined speed (for example, A time zone which is equal to or less than five kilometers every hour is identified (step S107 D1).
- the work state identification unit 104 determines whether the bulldozer M2 is deployed at the cutting site G1 or deployed at the filling site G2 (step S107D2).
- step S107D2 cutting site
- the task status identification unit 104 determines that the task status (type of task) of the bulldozer M2 is the digging and transporting task for the identified time zone. (Step S107D3).
- the task state identification unit 104 lays out the task state (type of task) of the bulldozer M2 for the identified time zone. It specifies that it is work (step S107 D4).
- the working state specifying unit 104 calculates the time during which the bulldozer M2 repeatedly repeats advancing and retreating within a predetermined distance (for example, 8 meters) or less With regard to the band, the work state (type of work) of the bulldozer M2 is identified as the compaction work (step S107D5).
- the work state identification unit 104 determines that the work state of the bulldozer M2 is in the traveling state in a time slot in which the traveling speed of the bulldozer M2 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value among the time zones in which the work state of the bulldozer M2 is not identified. And (step S107D6).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state of the bulldozer M2 is in the stopped state in a time zone in which the work state of the bulldozer M2 is not specified (step S107D7).
- the work state identification unit 104 determines whether the type of work is the digging and carrying work or the laying work based on the traveling speed by the bulldozer M2, but is not limited thereto.
- the operation state identification unit 104 determines whether the type of operation is the digging and conveying operation or the spreading operation based on both or one of the repetitive traveling distance and the traveling speed by the bulldozer M2.
- the work state identification unit 104 according to the first embodiment determines whether or not the work type is the compaction work based on the repetitive traveling distance by the bulldozer M2, but the invention is not limited thereto.
- the work state identification unit 104 may determine whether the work type is the compaction work based on both or one of the repetitive travel distance and the traveling speed by the bulldozer M2. Generally, the traveling speed in the digging and carrying work and the laying work is slower than the traveling speed in the compaction work. Also, in general, the traveling distance in the digging and carrying operation and the leveling operation is longer than the traveling distance in the compaction operation.
- FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing a method of specifying the work state of the dump truck in the first embodiment.
- the work state identification unit 104 is located within a predetermined distance from the dump truck M3 on the basis of the time series of position data and the time series of traveling speed of the hydraulic shovel M1 disposed at the cutting site G1, and the hydraulic shovel A time zone in which the M1 and the dump truck M3 are stopped is specified (step S107E1).
- the work state identification unit 104 within a specified distance from the hydraulic shovel M1 with respect to the time slot in which the hydraulic shovel M1 is repeatedly turning among the specified time bands. It is specified that the work state (type of work) of the dump truck M3 located at is the loading work state (step S107E2).
- the work state identification unit 104 is located within a predetermined distance from the dump truck M3 with respect to the hydraulic excavator M1 disposed at the embankment site G2 based on the time series of position data and the traveling speed time series, and the hydraulic shovel M1. And the time at which the dump truck M3 is stopped is specified (step S107E3).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state (type of work) of the dump truck M3 is the earth removal work state at least in a time zone in which the dump truck M3 is stopped starting from the specified time. (Step S107E4).
- the work status specifying unit 104 removes the dump truck M3 from the end time of the loading operation in the time zone not specified as the loading operation at step S107E2 and not specified as the unloading operation at step S107E4.
- the time zone up to the start time of is identified (step S107E5).
- the work state (type of work) of the dump truck M3 is load traveling with respect to the time zone in which the dump truck M3 is traveling among the specified time zones based on the time series of traveling speeds. It specifies that there is (step S107E6).
- the work state identification unit 104 accumulates the dump truck M3 from the end time of the unloading work in the time zone not specified as the loading work in step S107E2 and not specified as the unloading work in step S107E4. A time zone until the start time of the loading operation is specified (step S107E7).
- the work state identification unit 104 determines that the work state (type of work) of the dump truck M3 is empty for the time zone in which the dump truck M3 is traveling among the specified time zones based on the time series of traveling speeds. (Step S107E8).
- the work state identification unit 104 determines the work state of the dump truck M3 immediately before the loading work state or the unloading work state based on the traveling speed, traveling direction, etc.
- the work state identification unit 104 may identify the work state of the dump truck M3 as traveling on the ground. For example, when the traveling direction is the rear, the work state identification unit 104 may identify the work state of the dump truck M3 as reverse travel.
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state of the dump truck M3 is in the stopped state in the time zone in which the work state of the dump truck M3 is not specified (step S107E9).
- FIG. 13 is an example of a time chart screen generated by the construction site management apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the time chart generation unit 106 sets the horizontal axis as the time axis and the vertical axis as the fleet as shown in FIG. To generate a time chart screen in which vehicles M constituting the vehicle are arranged.
- the vehicles M aligned on the vertical axis of the time chart screen may include different individuals of the same type, and the individuals may be identified by displaying the identification number of the vehicle M, for example.
- 13 is, for example, loaded with earth and sand by one hydraulic shovel M1 deployed at the earth cutting place G1 and the hydraulic shovel M1, and carries earth and sand between the earth cutting place G1 and the embankment ground G2
- It is the screen which displayed the time chart showing the state according to time of eight dump trucks M3 to be carried out on the same screen, making a time-axis common. That is, at this construction site G, one hydraulic shovel M1 and eight dump trucks M3 constitute a fleet.
- the “same screen” includes the same sheet of paper when the output device is a printer.
- any dump truck M3 is also loading. If loading of one dump truck M3 is completed and the next dump truck M3 has not yet arrived at the loading area, the hydraulic shovel M1 performs other work. That is, as other work, the hydraulic shovel M1 excavates the earth and sand to be excavated in advance and stacks it in the vicinity of the hydraulic shovel M1, so-called bait collecting (step S01 in FIG. 2). Thus, the hydraulic shovel M1 can efficiently perform the loading operation when the dump truck M3 arrives. In the example of FIG. 13, the hydraulic shovel M1 performs other work for a predetermined period after the first loading operation onto the eight dump trucks M3 (A to F) is completed.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 has stopped for a long time because a considerable time is left until the next dump truck M3A arrives. Therefore, it can be seen that by additionally providing the dump truck M3 to the construction site G, the time during which the hydraulic shovel M1 is in the stopped state can be reduced, and the overall efficiency can be improved.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 identifies the status of each time of the vehicle M, and displays the status of each identified time on the same screen of the output device 600. Output on top.
- the manager of the construction site G can easily grasp the working state of the fleet including the transport vehicle and the work machine without switching the screen.
- the manager of the construction site G can recognize the overall efficiency of the fleet by visually recognizing the output time chart. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 13, since the hydraulic shovel M1 of the cutting site G1 is often stopped for a long time, the administrator can perform the loading operation at this time. In addition, it may be considered to make the hydraulic shovel M1 carry out work such as slope forming work at this time.
- the construction site management device 10 is based on the relationship between the position of a certain vehicle M (for example, hydraulic excavator M1) and the position of another vehicle M (for example, dump truck M3). , Identify the type of work of a certain vehicle M. Thus, the construction site management apparatus 10 can accurately identify the type of work of the vehicle M.
- a certain vehicle M for example, hydraulic excavator M1
- another vehicle M for example, dump truck M3
- the construction site management apparatus 10 is configured based on the time series of the position data of the vehicle M according to the state (forward, backward, work type) of the vehicle M in the state of the vehicle M. Identify the driving speed. Thus, even if the vehicle M does not output the state and the traveling speed through communication, the construction site management apparatus 10 can specify the traveling speed according to the state.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 identifies the work state of the vehicle M based on the positional relationship between the vehicle M and another vehicle M according to GNSS, but is not limited thereto.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 according to the other embodiment may specify the work state of the vehicle M using the positional relationship between the vehicles M by inter-vehicle communication.
- a time chart screen in which the time charts of the respective vehicles M are arranged with the time axis in common is generated.
- the time chart screen may be generated in another form, such as using the time axis as the vertical axis.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 determines that the dump truck M3 is in a traveling state after the loading operation and before the unloading operation with regard to the state of the dump truck M3, and the loading operation after the unloading operation If it is a previous run, it is determined that the car is idle.
- the state of the dump truck M3 is specified based on the position information of the dump truck M3.
- the working condition of the dump truck M3 specified by the construction site management apparatus 10 is an off-site loading travel traveling on the traveling path G3 in a loading state, and an off-site traveling traveling on the traveling path G3 in the empty state ,
- the cutting ground G1, the filling ground G2, the turning area and the retreat area are, for example, designated in advance as a geofence.
- the work state identification unit 104 identifies the work state of the dump truck M3 based on whether the position indicated by the position data of the dump truck M3 is within the geofence.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a method of specifying the state of the dump truck in the second embodiment.
- the work state identification unit 104 is located within a predetermined distance from the dump truck M3 on the basis of the time series of position data and the time series of traveling speed of the hydraulic shovel M1 disposed at the cutting site G1, and the hydraulic shovel A time zone in which M1 and dump truck M3 are stopped is specified (step S107 F1).
- the work state identification unit 104 within a specified distance from the hydraulic shovel M1 with respect to the time slot in which the hydraulic shovel M1 is repeatedly turning among the specified time bands. It is specified that the work state (type of work) of the dump truck M3 located at is the loading work state (step S107F2).
- the work state identification unit 104 is located within a predetermined distance from the dump truck M3 with respect to the hydraulic excavator M1 disposed at the embankment site G2 based on the time series of position data and the traveling speed time series, and the hydraulic shovel M1. And the time at which the dump truck M3 is stopped is specified (step S107F3).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state (type of work) of the dump truck M3 is the earth removal work state at least in a time zone in which the dump truck M3 is stopped starting from the specified time. (Step S107F4).
- the work status specification unit 104 determines that the work status of the dump truck M3 is in the stopped state for a time zone in which the traveling speed of the dump truck M3 is less than a predetermined value. And (step S107F5).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies the work state of the dump truck M3 as the turning traveling for the time slot in which the dump truck M3 is located in the turning area among the time slots in which the work state of the dump truck M3 is not specified (Step S107F6).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies the work state of the dump truck M3 as the reverse travel with respect to the time slot in which the dump truck M3 is located in the reverse area among the time zones in which the work state of the dump truck M3 is not specified Step S107 F7).
- the work state identification unit 104 determines the time from the end time of the loading work at the cutting site G1 to the time when the dumping site G1 leaves the cutting site G1 in a time zone in which the work state of the dump truck M3 is not specified.
- the work state of the dump truck M3 is specified as loading on the ground for the time zone from the time of entering the obi or filling area G2 to the time of entering the turning area of the filling area G2 (step S107F8).
- the work state specifying unit 104 is the time from the end time of the discharge work of the dump truck M3 to the time when the discharge work in the embankment G2 leaves the embankment place G2.
- the work state of the dump truck M3 is specified as the on-site empty load travel for the time zone from the time when the obi or cutting ground G1 is entered to the time when the turning area of the cutting ground G1 is entered (step S107F9). That is, even if the dump truck M3 is located at the cutting ground G1 or the filling ground G2, if the dump truck M3 is located at the turning area or the retreating area in the cutting ground G1 or at the filling ground G2, the dump truck M3 Do not use the on-premises loading operation or the on-premises empty traveling condition.
- the work state identification unit 104 identifies a time zone from the time when the outside of the cutting site G1 comes out to the time when it enters the filling site G2 (step S107F10).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state of the dump truck M3 is the off-site loading travel in the time band in which the work state of the dump truck M3 is not specified yet among the time bands specified in step S107F10 ( Step S107 F11).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies a time zone from the time when it goes out of the filling ground G2 to the time when it enters the cutting ground G1 (step S107F12).
- the work state specifying unit 104 specifies that the work state of the dump truck M3 is the off-site empty load travel time in the time slot in which the work state of the dump truck M3 is not specified yet among the time zones specified in step S107F12. (Step S107F13).
- the construction site management apparatus 10 determines whether the vehicle M exists in a predetermined area, whether the vehicle M has entered the area, or the vehicle The state of the vehicle M is specified based on whether M has gone out of the area.
- the time chart shown in FIG. 13 represents the state of the hydraulic shovel M1 and the dump truck M3. That is, the hydraulic shovel M1 is an example of a working machine, and the dump truck M3 is an example of a transport vehicle.
- the time chart which construction site management device 10 concerning other embodiments generates is not restricted to what shows the relation between hydraulic excavator M1 and dump truck M3.
- the construction site management device 10 when the bulldozer M2 is disposed at the embankment site G2 and the dump truck M3 transports soil from the cutting site G1 to the embankment site G2, the construction site management device 10 includes the bulldozer M2 and the dump truck M3. You may generate a time chart showing the relationship with In this case, the bulldozer M2 is an example of a work machine, and the dump truck M3 is an example of a transport vehicle.
- the construction site management device 10 when the hydraulic shovel M1 and the bulldozer M2 are disposed at the embankment site G2 and the bulldozer M2 transports the soil excavated by the hydraulic shovel M1 in the embankment site G2, the construction site management device 10 The time chart which shows the relation between hydraulic excavator M1 and bulldozer M2 may be generated.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 is an example of a working machine
- the bulldozer M2 is an example of a transport vehicle.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 identifies the work state at each time of each vehicle M or every predetermined time, and generates a time chart based on this, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- a work state at an irregular time of each vehicle M may be specified as a work state classified by time, and a time chart may be generated based on this, or a construction state as a work state classified by time
- the site management apparatus 10 may specify the start time and the end time of each work state, and create a time chart based on this.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 may identify the state of the wheel loader or the load roller, and may generate a time chart. The states of the wheel loader and the load roller can be determined by the same method as the state of the bulldozer M2.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 which concerns on other embodiment may shape
- the working condition and parameters of the hydraulic shovel M1 for forming the groove can be determined by the same method as the working condition and parameters of the slope shovel. Parameters relating to the amount of work in the ditch drilling operation include the distance of the ditch and the ditch formed per hour, the area of the ditch, or the amount of soil in the ditch.
- the trench digging operation is an example of the forming operation.
- the hydraulic shovel M1 which concerns on other embodiment may do the excavation operation
- the hydraulic shovel M1 may excavate soil to be excavated, and the excavated soil may be excavated near the loading shovel so that another loading shovel can easily excavate the earth and sand.
- the determination of the digging operation is made by specifying the time zone in which the hydraulic shovel M1 is stopped and turning repeatedly. In the determination of the digging operation, it is not necessary to consider the condition that the hydraulic shovel M1 is in proximity to the dump truck M3.
- the parameters of the digging operation in this case can be determined by the same method as the parameters of the loading operation of the hydraulic shovel M1.
- the program may be distributed to the construction site management apparatus 10 by a communication line.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 that has received the distribution develops the program in the main memory 200 and executes the above processing.
- the program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above.
- the program may realize the above-described functions in combination with another program already stored in storage 300 or in combination with another program implemented in another device.
- the construction site management apparatus 10 may further include a PLD (Programmable Logic Device) in addition to or in place of the above configuration.
- PLDs include Programmable Array Logic (PAL), Generic Array Logic (GAL), Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).
- PAL Programmable Array Logic
- GAL Generic Array Logic
- CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- the construction site management device can easily grasp the working state of the fleet including the transport vehicle and the work machine.
- construction site management apparatus 100 processor 200 main memory 300 storage 400 interface 500 input device 600 output device 101 position reception unit 102 azimuth reception unit 103 time series recording unit 104 work state identification unit 105 design topography acquisition unit 106 time chart generation unit 107 output Control unit 201 Time-series storage unit G Construction site G1 Cutting site G2 Embankment site M Vehicle M1 Excavator M2 Bulldozer M3 Dump truck
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2017年7月18日に日本に出願された特願2017-139408号について優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
本発明の態様は、運搬車両および作業機械を含むフリートの作業状態を容易に把握できるようにする施工現場管理装置、出力装置、および施工現場の管理方法を提供することを目的とする。
《施工現場》
図1は、第1の実施形態に係る施工現場管理装置による管理の対象となる施工現場の例を示す図である。
第1の実施形態に係る施工現場Gは切土場G1と盛土場G2とを有する。切土場G1と盛土場G2とはそれぞれ走行路G3によって接続される。走行路G3は、切土場G1と盛土場G2とを接続する一般道路、および施工現場G内に土砂の搬送用に用意された搬送路を含む。切土場G1および盛土場G2には、それぞれ油圧ショベルM1とブルドーザM2とが配備されている。油圧ショベルM1およびブルドーザM2は、施工現場Gで土砂に係る作業を実行する作業機械の一例である。また複数のダンプトラックM3が切土場G1と盛土場G2との間を走行している。ダンプトラックM3は、土砂を運搬する運搬車両の一例である。油圧ショベルM1、ブルドーザM2およびダンプトラックM3は、車両Mの一例である。なお、他の実施形態においては、切土場G1および盛土場G2には、複数の油圧ショベルM1が配備されていてもよいし、複数のブルドーザM2が配備されていてもよいし、油圧ショベルM1またはブルドーザM2の一方が配備されなくてもよいし、他の車両Mが配備されてもよい。施工現場Gに配備される運搬車両の数は、作業機械の数より多い。
切土場G1に配備された油圧ショベルM1は、切土場G1において土砂を掘削し、ダンプトラックM3に土砂を積み込む。
図2は、油圧ショベルによる積み込み作業の動作を表すフローチャートである。
油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3が到着する前に、予めダンプトラックM3の停車位置の近傍に掘削した土砂を集めておく(ステップS01)。また、油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3が到着する前に、油圧ショベルM1に土砂を一杯すくい上げさせておく(ステップS02)。なお、作業時間に余裕がない場合には、ステップS01、S02の作業が省略され得る。ダンプトラックM3は、切土場G1の所定の積込エリアに到着すると、油圧ショベルM1の近傍に停車する(ステップS03)。次に、油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、すくい上げた土砂をダンプトラックM3のベッセルに投下させる(ステップS04)。油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3に積み込まれた土砂の量がダンプトラックM3の積載可能容量未満であるか否かを推定する(ステップS05)。油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3に積み込まれた土砂の量がダンプトラックM3の積載可能容量未満であると判断すると(ステップS05:YES)、油圧ショベルM1の上部旋回体を集められた土砂または掘削すべき土砂の方向へ旋回させる(ステップS06)。油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、集めておいた土砂または掘削した土砂を油圧ショベルM1にすくい上げさせる(ステップS07)。次に、油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、油圧ショベルM1の上部旋回体をダンプトラックM3の方向へ旋回させ(ステップS08)、ステップS4に処理を戻し、土砂を投下させる。これを繰り返し実行することで、油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3の積載可能容量まで土砂を積み込むことができる。油圧ショベルM1のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3に積み込まれた土砂の量がダンプトラックM3の積載可能容量に達したと判断すると(ステップS05:NO)、油圧ショベルM1による積み込み作業を終了する。
また切土場G1および盛土場G2において、ダンプトラックM3を停車位置に停車させる場合、ダンプトラックM3のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3を転回させ、後退走行させることで、停車位置に停車させる。
また、盛土場G2に配備された油圧ショベルM1は、盛土場G2において法面の成形をしてもよい。
図3は、ブルドーザによる敷き均し作業の動作を表すフローチャートである。
ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、ダンプトラックM3により敷き均すべきエリアに土砂が撒かれると、ブルドーザM2のブレードを任意の高さまで下ろす(ステップS11)。このブレードの高さによって、敷き均される土砂の高さが決定される。次に、ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、敷き均しエリア内でブルドーザM2を前進させることで、土砂を均す(ステップS12)。ブルドーザM2を1回前進させることで、一定距離(例えば約10メートル)前方まで土砂を敷き均すことができる。一定距離前進すると、ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、ブルドーザM2を後退させる(ステップS13)。ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、敷き均しエリア全体をブルドーザM2で敷き均したか否かを判断する(ステップS14)。敷き均されていない箇所が残っている場合(ステップS14:NO)、ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、敷き均されていない箇所を含み、かつ既に敷き均された箇所と一部重複する位置にブレードが合うように移動する(ステップS15)。例えば、ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、ステップS13の後退時にブルドーザM2を斜め後方へ後退させる。そして、ステップS12に処理を戻し、敷き均しエリア全体を敷き均すまで前進と後退を繰り返す。ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、敷き均しエリア全体を敷き均したと判断した場合(ステップS14:YES)、敷き均しエリアの均し高さが目的高さに達したか否かを判断する(ステップS16)。敷き均しエリアの均し高さが目的高さに達していないと判断した場合(ステップS16:NO)、ステップS12に処理を戻し、敷き均しエリアの均し高さが目的高さに達するまで前進と後退を繰り返す。他方、ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、敷き均しエリアの均し高さが目的高さに達したと判断した場合(ステップS16:YES)、ブルドーザM2による敷き均し作業を終了する。
また、盛土場G2に配備されたブルドーザM2は、地盤を締め固めてもよい。ブルドーザM2のオペレータは、ブルドーザM2のブレードを上げてブルドーザM2を走行させることで、ブルドーザM2の履帯により地盤を締め固めさせることができる。ブルドーザM2における締固め時の走行速度は、敷き均し時の走行速度より速い。
図4は、第1の実施形態に係る施工現場管理装置の構成を示す概略ブロック図である。
施工現場管理装置10は、施工現場Gにおける各車両Mの時刻ごとの状態を特定し、タイムチャートとして出力する。
またプロセッサ100は、プログラムの実行により、メインメモリ200に、時系列記憶部201の記憶領域を確保する。
油圧ショベルM1の作業の種別としては、掘削作業、積込作業、盛土作業、撒き出し作業、法面成形作業などが挙げられる。掘削作業は、施工現場Gの土砂を掘削する作業である。積込作業は、掘削した土砂をダンプトラックM3に積み込む作業である。盛土作業は、ダンプトラックM3によって排土された土砂を施工現場Gに盛り固める作業である。撒き出し作業は、ダンプトラックM3によって排土された土砂を施工現場Gに撒き広げる作業である。法面成形作業は、施工現場Gにおける法面領域を設計地形データどおりに掘削・成形するための成形作業である。
ブルドーザM2の作業の種別としては、掘削運搬作業、敷き均し作業、締固め作業が挙げられる。掘削運搬作業は、施工現場Gの土砂をブレードにより掘削して運搬する作業である。敷き均し作業は、ダンプトラックM3によって排土された土砂を所定の高さに敷き均す作業である。締固め作業は、施工現場Gの土砂を履帯により締固める成形作業である。
ダンプトラックM3の作業の種別としては、空荷走行、積載走行、積込作業、排土作業が挙げられる。空荷走行は、ベッセルに土砂がない状態で走行する作業である。積載走行は、ベッセルに土砂がある状態で走行する作業である。積込作業は、油圧ショベルM1によってベッセルに土砂が積載される間待機する作業である。排土作業は、ベッセルに積載された土砂を下ろす作業である。
また、作業状態特定部104は、ブルドーザM2の走行状態が前進であるか後退であるかを特定する。また、作業状態特定部104は、ダンプトラックM3の走行状態として切土場G1または盛土場G2の内部にいるか否か、および転回中または後退中であるか否かを特定する。走行状態は作業状態の一例である。
次に、第1の実施形態に係る施工現場管理装置10の動作について説明する。図6は、第1の実施形態に係るタイムチャートの出力方法を示すフローチャートである。
施工現場管理装置10は、タイムチャートの対象となる期間の間、各車両Mから定期的に位置データおよび方位データを収集し、時系列データを生成しておく。
施工現場管理装置10は、パラメータ特定処理が開始されていない場合(ステップS104:NO)、パラメータ特定処理が開始されるまでステップS101からステップS103の処理を繰り返し実行することで、時系列記憶部201に位置データおよび方位データの時系列が形成される。
図7は、第1の実施形態における切土場に配備された油圧ショベルの作業状態の特定方法を示すフローチャートである。図8は、油圧ショベルの方位データの時系列の例を表す図である。
作業状態特定部104は、切土場G1に配備された油圧ショベルM1について、位置データの時系列および走行速度の時系列に基づいて、ダンプトラックM3と互いに所定距離以内に位置し、かつ油圧ショベルM1およびダンプトラックM3が停止している時間帯を特定する(ステップS107A1)。なお、車両Mが「停止している」とは、車両Mが走行していない作業状態をいう。つまり、車両Mが走行せずに、掘削、旋回、ブームの上げ下ろしなどの作業をしている状態も、車両Mが「停止している」という。一方、車両Mが走行せず、かつ他の作業もされていない作業状態を、車両Mが「停車している」という。次に、作業状態特定部104は、方位データの時系列に基づいて、特定された時間帯のうち、油圧ショベルM1が反復的に旋回している時間帯について、油圧ショベルM1の作業状態(作業の種別)が積込作業状態であると特定する(ステップS107A2)。作業状態特定部104は、例えば、特定された時間帯において、油圧ショベルM1の方位が所定角度(例えば、10度)以上の角度で連続して同じ方向に変化する旋回が左右方向に反復的に所定回数以上繰り返される場合に、反復的に旋回していると判定することができる。これは、図2に示すステップS04からステップS08までのサイクル動作が、図8に示すように、油圧ショベルM1の反復的な方位の変化として現れるためである。図8において、網掛け部は、油圧ショベルM1とダンプトラックM3との距離が所定距離以内である時間帯を表す。作業状態特定部104は、図8に示すように、油圧ショベルM1とダンプトラックM3との距離が所定距離以内であり、かつ反復的な旋回がなされている時間帯における、油圧ショベルM1の作業状態を、積込作業状態と判定する。
次に、作業状態特定部104は、油圧ショベルM1の作業状態が特定されていない時間帯について、油圧ショベルM1の作業状態が停車状態であると特定する(ステップS107A4)。
図9は、第1の実施形態における盛土場G2に配備された油圧ショベルの作業状態の特定方法を示すフローチャートである。
作業状態特定部104は、盛土場G2に配備された油圧ショベルM1について、位置データの時系列および走行速度の時系列に基づいて、ダンプトラックM3と互いに所定距離以内に位置し、かつ油圧ショベルM1およびダンプトラックM3が停止している時刻を特定する(ステップS107B1)。次に、作業状態特定部104は、特定した時刻を起点として、少なくとも油圧ショベルM1が停止している時刻を特定する(ステップS107B2)。起点時以降にダンプトラックM3の位置データを用いないのは、ダンプトラックM3がベッセルの土砂を排土し終えると、油圧ショベルM1の作業状態によらず切土場G1へ移動するためである。次に、作業状態特定部104は、方位データの時系列に基づいて、特定された時間帯のうち、油圧ショベルM1が反復的に旋回している時間帯について、油圧ショベルM1の作業状態(作業の種別)が撒き出し作業であると特定する(ステップS107B3)。
図10は、第1の実施形態における法面ショベルの作業状態の特定方法を示すフローチャートである。法面ショベルとは、法面を成形する作業を担う油圧ショベルM1のことを言う。
作業状態特定部104は、法面ショベルについて、位置データの時系列と設計地形取得部105が取得した設計地形データとに基づいて、法面ショベルが設計地形データの法面エリアの所定距離以内に位置する時間帯を特定する(ステップS107C1)。作業状態特定部104は、特定した時間帯のうち、法面ショベルが法面の伸びる方向に沿って移動している、または法面ショベルの方位が旋回している時間帯について、法面ショベルの作業状態(作業の種別)が法面成形作業であると特定する(ステップS107C2)。法面成形作業とは、法面ショベルが施工現場における法面領域を設計地形データどおりに掘削・成形するための作業である。
図11は、第1の実施形態におけるブルドーザの作業状態の特定方法を示すフローチャートである。
作業状態特定部104は、ブルドーザM2について、位置データの時系列および走行速度の時系列に基づいて、ブルドーザM2が反復的に前進と後退とを繰り返し、かつ前進時の速度が所定速度(例えば、5キロメートル毎時)以下である時間帯を特定する(ステップS107D1)。次に、作業状態特定部104は、位置データの時系列に基づいてブルドーザM2が切土場G1に配備されているか盛土場G2に配備されているかを判定する(ステップS107D2)。ブルドーザM2が切土場G1に配備されている場合(ステップS107D2:切土場)、作業状態特定部104は、特定された時間帯について、ブルドーザM2の作業状態(作業の種別)が掘削運搬作業であると特定する(ステップS107D3)。他方、ブルドーザM2が盛土場G2に配備されている場合(ステップS107D2:盛土場)、作業状態特定部104は、特定された時間帯について、ブルドーザM2の作業状態(作業の種別)が敷き均し作業であると特定する(ステップS107D4)。
次に、作業状態特定部104は、ブルドーザM2の作業状態が特定されていない時間帯のうち、ブルドーザM2の走行速度が所定値以上である時間帯について、ブルドーザM2の作業状態が走行状態であると特定する(ステップS107D6)。
次に、作業状態特定部104は、ブルドーザM2の作業状態が特定されていない時間帯について、ブルドーザM2の作業状態が停車状態であると特定する(ステップS107D7)。
第1の実施形態に係る作業状態特定部104は、ブルドーザM2による反復走行距離に基づいて作業の種別が締固め作業であるか否かを判定するが、これに限られない。例えば、他の実施形態では、作業状態特定部104は、ブルドーザM2による反復走行距離と走行速度の両方または一方に基づいて作業の種別が締固め作業であるか否かを判定してもよい。
なお、一般的に、掘削運搬作業および敷き均し作業における走行速度は締固め作業における走行速度より遅い。また、一般的に、掘削運搬作業および敷き均し作業における走行距離は締固め作業における走行距離より長い。
図12は、第1の実施形態におけるダンプトラックの作業状態の特定方法を示すフローチャートである。
作業状態特定部104は、切土場G1に配備された油圧ショベルM1について、位置データの時系列および走行速度の時系列に基づいて、ダンプトラックM3と互いに所定距離以内に位置し、かつ油圧ショベルM1およびダンプトラックM3が停止している時間帯を特定する(ステップS107E1)。次に、作業状態特定部104は、方位データの時系列に基づいて、特定された時間帯のうち、油圧ショベルM1が反復的に旋回している時間帯について、当該油圧ショベルM1と所定距離以内に位置するダンプトラックM3の作業状態(作業の種別)が積込作業状態であると特定する(ステップS107E2)。
次に、作業状態特定部104は、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態が特定されていない時間帯について、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態が停車状態であると特定する(ステップS107E9)。
上記のステップS107の処理により作業状態特定部104が各車両Mの各時間における状態を特定すると、タイムチャート生成部106は、図13に示すように、横軸を時間軸とし、縦軸にフリートを構成する車両Mを並べたタイムチャート画面を生成する。なお、タイムチャート画面の縦軸に並ぶ車両Mは、同じ種類の異なる個体を含み、例えば車両Mの識別番号を表示することによって個体が特定されてよい。図13に示すタイムチャート画面は、例えば切土場G1に配備される1台の油圧ショベルM1、およびその油圧ショベルM1によって土砂が積み込まれ切土場G1と盛土場G2との間で土砂を運搬する8台のダンプトラックM3の時間別の状態を表すタイムチャートを、時間軸を共通にして同一画面上に表示させた画面である。すなわち、この施工現場Gでは、1台の油圧ショベルM1と8台のダンプトラックM3とがフリートを構成する。なお、「同一画面」は、出力装置がプリンタである場合における同一紙面を含む。
このように、第1の実施形態によれば、施工現場管理装置10は、車両Mの時刻ごとの状態を特定し、特定された時刻ごとの状態を表示するタイムチャートを出力装置600の同一画面上に出力する。これにより、施工現場Gの管理者は、運搬車両および作業機械を含むフリートの作業状態を画面を切り替えることなく容易に把握することができる。施工現場Gの管理者は、出力されたタイムチャートを視認することにより、フリートの全体的な効率を認識することができる。例えば、図13に示す例では、切土場G1の油圧ショベルM1が停車している時間が多く見受けられることから、管理者は、この時間に積込作業を行うことができるようにダンプトラックM3を増やすことや、この時間に油圧ショベルM1に法面成形作業などの作業を行わせることなどを検討することができる。
次に、第2の実施形態について説明する。第1の実施形態に係る施工現場管理装置10は、ダンプトラックM3の状態について、積込作業後かつ排土作業前の走行である場合に積載走行と判定し、排土作業後かつ積込作業前の走行である場合に空車走行と判定する。これに対し、第2の実施形態では、ダンプトラックM3の位置情報に基づいてダンプトラックM3の状態を特定する。
作業状態特定部104は、切土場G1に配備された油圧ショベルM1について、位置データの時系列および走行速度の時系列に基づいて、ダンプトラックM3と互いに所定距離以内に位置し、かつ油圧ショベルM1およびダンプトラックM3が停止している時間帯を特定する(ステップS107F1)。次に、作業状態特定部104は、方位データの時系列に基づいて、特定された時間帯のうち、油圧ショベルM1が反復的に旋回している時間帯について、当該油圧ショベルM1と所定距離以内に位置するダンプトラックM3の作業状態(作業の種別)が積込作業状態であると特定する(ステップS107F2)。
作業状態特定部104は、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態が特定されていない時間帯のうち、ダンプトラックM3が転回エリアに位置する時間帯について、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態を転回走行と特定する(ステップS107F6)。また作業状態特定部104は、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態が特定されていない時間帯のうち、ダンプトラックM3が後退エリアに位置する時間帯について、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態を後退走行と特定する(ステップS107F7)。
また、作業状態特定部104は、盛土場G2の外に出た時刻から切土場G1内に入る時刻までの時間帯を特定する(ステップS107F12)。作業状態特定部104は、ステップS107F12により特定された時間帯のうち、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態がまだ特定されていない時間帯について、ダンプトラックM3の作業状態が場外空荷走行であると特定する(ステップS107F13)。
以上、図面を参照して一実施形態について詳しく説明してきたが、具体的な構成は上述のものに限られることはなく、様々な設計変更等をすることが可能である。
例えば、図13に示すタイムチャートは、油圧ショベルM1およびダンプトラックM3の状態を表すものである。すなわち、油圧ショベルM1は作業機械の一例であり、ダンプトラックM3は運搬車両の一例である。他方、他の実施形態に係る施工現場管理装置10が生成するタイムチャートは、油圧ショベルM1とダンプトラックM3との関係を示すものに限られない。例えば、他の実施形態において、盛土場G2にブルドーザM2が配備され、ダンプトラックM3が切土場G1から盛土場G2へ土砂を運搬する場合、施工現場管理装置10は、ブルドーザM2とダンプトラックM3との関係を示すタイムチャートを生成してもよい。この場合、ブルドーザM2は作業機械の一例であり、ダンプトラックM3は運搬車両の一例である。また例えば、他の実施形態において、盛土場G2に油圧ショベルM1とブルドーザM2が配備され、ブルドーザM2が油圧ショベルM1によって掘削された土砂を盛土場G2内で運搬する場合、施工現場管理装置10は、油圧ショベルM1とブルドーザM2との関係を示すタイムチャートを生成してもよい。この場合、油圧ショベルM1は作業機械の一例であり、ブルドーザM2は運搬車両の一例である。
100 プロセッサ
200 メインメモリ
300 ストレージ
400 インタフェース
500 入力装置
600 出力装置
101 位置受信部
102 方位受信部
103 時系列記録部
104 作業状態特定部
105 設計地形取得部
106 タイムチャート生成部
107 出力制御部
201 時系列記憶部
G 施工現場
G1 切土場
G2 盛土場
M 車両
M1 油圧ショベル
M2 ブルドーザ
M3 ダンプトラック
Claims (7)
- 施工現場に配備された作業機械の時刻別の作業状態と前記施工現場を走行する運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態とを特定する作業状態特定部と、
前記特定した作業状態に基づいて、前記作業機械の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートと前記運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートとを生成するタイムチャート生成部と、
前記作業機械の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートと前記運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートとを、それぞれ時間軸を共通にして同一画面上に出力する出力制御部と、
を備える施工現場管理装置。 - 前記作業状態特定部は、前記複数の車両の時刻ごとの位置データまたは方位データに基づいて前記作業状態を特定する
請求項1に記載の施工現場管理装置。 - 前記作業状態特定部は、前記運搬車両の時刻ごとの位置データと、切土場または盛土場の位置関係とに基づいて、前記作業状態を特定する
請求項1または2に記載の施工現場管理装置。 - 前記作業状態特定部は、前記運搬車両の位置と前記作業機械の位置との関係に基づいて、前記作業状態を特定する
請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の施工現場管理装置。 - 前記施工現場に、複数台の運搬車両と1台の作業機械とが配備され、
前記出力制御部は、前記複数台の運搬車両それぞれのタイムチャートと、前記1台の作業機械のタイムチャートとを、それぞれ時間軸を共通にして出力する
請求項1から請求項4の何れか1項に記載の施工現場管理装置。 - 施工現場に配備された作業機械の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートと、前記施工現場を走行する運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態を示すタイムチャートとを、それぞれ時間軸を共通にして同一画面上に出力する出力装置。
- 施工現場に配備された作業機械の時刻別の作業状態と前記施工現場を走行する運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態とを特定することと、
前記特定した作業状態に基づいて、前記運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートと前記運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートとを生成することと、
前記作業機械の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートと前記運搬車両の時刻別の作業状態を表すタイムチャートとを、それぞれ時間軸を共通にして同一画面上に出力することと
を有する施工現場の管理方法。
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US16/607,115 US11599957B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-06-27 | Construction site management device, output device, and construction site management method |
AU2018305081A AU2018305081A1 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-06-27 | Construction site management device, output device, and construction site management method |
JP2019530949A JP6921956B2 (ja) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-06-27 | 施工現場管理装置、出力装置、および施工現場の管理方法 |
CN201880028442.3A CN110582795B (zh) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-06-27 | 施工现场管理装置及施工现场的管理方法 |
AU2021240259A AU2021240259A1 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2021-09-30 | Construction site management device, output device, and construction site management method |
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