WO2019014878A1 - 一种可伸缩刀具 - Google Patents

一种可伸缩刀具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019014878A1
WO2019014878A1 PCT/CN2017/093560 CN2017093560W WO2019014878A1 WO 2019014878 A1 WO2019014878 A1 WO 2019014878A1 CN 2017093560 W CN2017093560 W CN 2017093560W WO 2019014878 A1 WO2019014878 A1 WO 2019014878A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
tool
housing
scabbard
bayonet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/093560
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王伟毅
Original Assignee
杭州巨星科技股份有限公司
杭州巨星工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司, 杭州巨星工具有限公司 filed Critical 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/093560 priority Critical patent/WO2019014878A1/zh
Priority to US15/729,072 priority patent/US10994429B2/en
Publication of WO2019014878A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019014878A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B5/00—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades
    • B26B5/001—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use
    • B26B5/003—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use comprising retraction means for the blade or the blade holder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B1/00—Hand knives with adjustable blade; Pocket knives
    • B26B1/08—Hand knives with adjustable blade; Pocket knives with sliding blade
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B5/00—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades
    • B26B5/001—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use

Definitions

  • This invention relates to hand tools, and more particularly to a retractable tool.
  • the length of the blade exposed outside the hand-held part is generally constant during use, which can effectively ensure the safety of use. In most scenes, the length of the blade of the hand tool is not required to be adjusted by the user at all times.
  • the folding or sheathed tool can meet the objective needs of most users.
  • the utility knife (or stationery knife) can freely retract the length of the blade, but the disadvantage is that the locking structure of the utility knife is not firm, the stability and the locking effect are poor, and it is easy to be damaged, and the service life is relatively poor. Short, even if the blade is in the locked state, it may slip, increasing the safety risk during use.
  • the user needs to perform three steps of unlocking the blade, moving the blade, and locking the blade. The operation is relatively cumbersome, and the blade cannot be stretched under the use state, and cannot be automatically retracted after use. Once the user places it casually after use, the blade will remain exposed and the security will be poor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a retractable cutter which has solved the technical problems of poor structural stability, troublesome operation, and automatic retraction of the blade in the prior art retractable cutter.
  • the present invention provides a retractable cutter comprising a cutter housing having a cavity formed therein; a blade outlet extending through the front end of the cutter housing and communicating to the cavity; The tool housing is moved or locked; a blade is mounted to the tool holder and disposed opposite the blade outlet; when the tool holder is moved, the blade front end projects through the blade outlet to the a tool housing or retracted into the tool housing; a tool holder moving device for moving the tool holder within the tool housing; and a protrusion amount control device for controlling the blade in the tool housing Extending length in vitro.
  • the tool housing includes a first housing provided with a first housing card slot; the second housing is provided with a second housing card slot, the second housing and The first housing is oppositely disposed; and a cover body detachably coupled to the first housing and/or the second housing; the cover body includes a first cover panel having a protrusion at a bottom thereof a first buckle that is engaged to the first housing card slot; and a second cover plate that is disposed opposite the first cover plate, and the bottom of the second cover plate is provided with a protruding second The buckle is engaged to the second housing card slot.
  • the tool holder moving device includes two linear guide rails parallel to each other, protruding from one side of the tool holder; a guide rail gap formed between the two guide rails; and a housing sliding a block protruding from the cutter housing toward an inner side wall of the tool holder and snapped into the guide rail gap; when the tool holder is moved, the housing slider is opposite to the two guide rails slide.
  • the tool holder moving device includes a driving member, one end of which is hinged to the tool housing, and the other end of which includes a first driving plate, and is provided with a first driving plate through hole; the second driving a plate is disposed opposite to the first driving plate; the second driving plate is provided with a second driving plate through hole opposite to the first driving plate through hole; and the driving shaft pin is slidably mounted to one end thereof The other end of the first driving plate through hole is slidably mounted into the second driving plate through hole; and the driving bottom plate is configured to connect the first driving plate and the second driving plate.
  • the tool holder moving device includes a first lever, one end of which is hinged to the cutter housing, and the other end of which is rotatably mounted to the drive shaft pin; the second lever has one end Hinged to the tool holder, the other end of which is rotatably mounted to the drive shaft pin; and an elastic member having one end connected to the cutter housing and the other end connected to the tool holder.
  • the driving shaft pin when the driving bottom plate is stressed, the driving shaft pin is pushed by the first lever, in the first driving board through hole, the second driving board through hole Sliding; the tool holder is moved by the second lever toward the blade outlet, the elastic member is elastically deformed; the length of the blade extending outside the cutter housing and the tool holder are oriented The distance in which the blade exits the direction is proportional; when the drive bottom plate is de-energized, the elastic member returns to its original shape, pushing the tool holder to move away from the blade outlet.
  • the protrusion amount control device includes a locking piece that slides in a lock plate sliding groove of the inner side wall of the first housing; and a stopper protruding from the locking piece toward the driving member Side surface; At least one gear bayonet is disposed at an edge of the first driving plate; when the driving bottom plate is stressed, the stopper may be engaged to any of the gear bayonet.
  • the stopper when the tool holder is moved, the stopper slides in the top of the first driving plate or in any of the gear bayonet; the blade protrudes from the tool a length outside the housing is proportional to a sliding distance of the stopper; when the tool holder is locked, the stopper is selectively engaged to any of the gear bayonet, or with the first driving plate
  • the top is spaced apart or tangential; the length of the blade extending beyond the cutter housing corresponds to the position of the stop.
  • the stopper includes an integrally formed strip portion having a parallelogram in cross section; the stopper protrusion protruding from the bottom surface of the strip portion, and the two bottom corners of the cross section are round And an arcuate portion having an arcuate cross section, the bottom surface of which is coupled to the side of the strip portion; wherein the stopper projection forms a block chute between the locking piece and the locking piece.
  • the block bayonet includes a bayonet side wall disposed on one side of the block bayonet; the bayonet protrusion protrudes from the other side of the block bayonet a bayonet protrusion protruding from a bottom surface of the gear bayonet, disposed between the side wall of the bayonet and the protrusion of the bayonet, which is linear; and a bayonet chute formed in the block
  • the bottom surface of the bayonet port is located on one side or both sides of the bayonet block.
  • the block bayonet includes a bayonet side wall disposed on one side of the block bayonet; and an arcuate groove is disposed on the other side of the block bayonet corresponding to the arcuate portion .
  • the protrusion amount control device further includes a gear hole penetrating through the first housing sidewall opposite to the locking piece; the gear lever protruding from the locking piece toward the first a surface of one side of the casing sliding in the gear hole; a lock button disposed outside the first casing and connected to the gear lever; and a gear position indicator disposed on the first shell The outer surface corresponds to the gear hole.
  • the retractable cutter further includes a blade slot disposed at an upper portion of the blade holder and having a shape corresponding to the blade; and a blade bayonet disposed at a ridge of the blade; And a blade locking block projecting from the inner surface of the blade slot and snapping to the blade bayonet.
  • the blade card slot includes a first blade baffle that is L-shaped, disposed opposite the middle and rear ends of the blade; and a second blade baffle that is L-shaped, and The front end of the blade is oppositely disposed; wherein the first blade shutter and the second blade shutter are respectively disposed on two sides of the blade; and the blade locking block protrudes from an inner surface of the first blade shutter.
  • the retractable tool further includes a tool changer for detaching the blade from the tool holder or for mounting the blade to the tool holder.
  • the tool changing device includes: a tool change button mounting hole, is disposed at a front end of the first casing, and extends through the first casing; and the inner wall of the tool change button mounting hole is provided a button chute; a tool change button mounted to the tool change button mounting hole; the outer side wall of the tool change button is provided with a protruding button slider, snapped into the button chute; the tool change pad is fixed to The first housing inner surface is disposed opposite to the blade front end; and the tool change elastic member has one end connected to the tool change button and the other end connected to the tool change pad; when the tool change When the button is pressed, the button slider slides within the button chute, and the tool change pad pushes the front end of the blade.
  • the inner side wall of the tool change button mounting hole is provided with a button chute;
  • the outer side wall of the tool change button is provided with a protruding button slider, and is inserted into the button chute;
  • the retractable tool further includes a tool magazine fixed to the tool holder; and a spare blade placed in the tool magazine.
  • the tool magazine includes a first tool magazine side wall; a second tool magazine side wall is disposed opposite to the first tool magazine side wall; and a tool magazine opening is disposed in the tool magazine a top plate; a magazine shrapnel disposed on the inner side of the side wall of the first tool magazine and bent toward the inner side of the tool magazine; a side wall notch extending through the side wall of the second tool magazine; and a magazine cover To the magazine opening and connected to the cover.
  • the retractable cutter further includes a scabbard detachably coupled to the cutter housing; the scabbard is disposed opposite the blade outlet.
  • the scabbard includes a scabbard body having a scabbard cavity therein; a scabbard opening is disposed on the surface of the scabbard body, and the cutter housing is opened by the scabbard And entering and exiting the scabbard cavity; and a scabbard clip protruding from the inner surface of the scabbard body for engaging to an outer surface of the cutter housing.
  • the retractable tool further includes a scabbard clamp rotatably and/or detachably coupled to the scabbard.
  • the scabbard fixture includes a first clamping plate; a second clamping plate disposed opposite the first clamping plate; a clamping plate pivot pin, the first clamping plate being hinged to the chassis by the clamping plate a second splint; and a splint torsion spring, sleeved on the splint pin, comprising two supporting ends respectively supporting the first cleat and the second cleat; a jig casing disposed on the scabbard jig a surface forming a jacket cavity with the surface of the scabbard fixture; a jacket opening disposed at one end of the fixture jacket; a jacket through hole extending through the fixture jacket, adjacent to and communicating with the jacket opening; and two or more jacket sliding
  • the teeth protrude and are evenly distributed on the inner side wall of the through hole of the outer casing, and an outer casing sliding tooth groove is formed between any two adjacent outer casing sliding teeth.
  • the retractable cutter includes a scabbard snap ring and an elastic collar and an elastic plug mounted into the scabbard snap ring.
  • the scabbard snap ring includes a snap ring body protruding from the surface of the scabbard; a snap ring base disposed on the top of the snap ring body; a snap ring stop protruding from the snap ring base; the sliding tooth opening a side wall of the snap ring body; and a plug mounting post protruding from the surface of the scabbard and disposed at a center of the scabbard snap ring.
  • the elastic collar includes a collar sliding tooth protruding from the outer side wall of the elastic collar, engaging through the sliding tooth opening to any of the outer casing sliding slots; and a collar opening disposed on the side wall of the elastic collar The elastic collar is disconnected at the collar opening.
  • the elastic plug includes a jam base disposed in the outer casing cavity, and a jam sleeve protruding from the jam base and sleeved outside the jam mounting post.
  • the invention provides a retractable cutter, wherein the blade can be freely stretched and contracted during use, and the user can adjust the length of the blade extending out of the cutter shell in the use state according to actual needs, and the operation is simple and convenient to use.
  • the user experience is better; after the invention is used, the blade can be automatically retracted to the hand-held part to improve the safety performance of the tool, and the structure is stable, not easy to be damaged, and is convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
  • the invention can also replace the blade to further extend the service life; the invention can also add a scabbard and a clamp to effectively prevent the safety risk caused by the accidental touch and make it easy to carry.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic exploded view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutter housing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cover body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the inside of the first casing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a tool holder in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a blade in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a structural schematic view showing the combination of the tool holder, the blade and the elastic member in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a schematic exploded view showing the extension amount control device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the back surface of the lock piece in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of a stopper in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the top of the first driving board and the stopper of the block in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the front surface of the locking piece in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a gear position indicator and an indication arrow in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic exploded view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic side view showing the structure of the blade holder and the blade in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of the other side after the combination of the tool holder and the blade in the embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic exploded view showing the tool changing device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural view of a side of a tool magazine in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic structural view of a scabbard and a scabbard holder according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic exploded view showing the scabbard and the scabbard holder in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural view of a jacket portion of a clamp in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic exploded view showing the combination of a scabbard snap ring, an elastic snap ring and an elastic plug in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a scabbard snap ring, an elastic snap ring and an elastic plug in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a component When a component is described as being “on” another component, the component can be placed directly on the other component; an intermediate component can also be present, the component being placed on the intermediate component, And the intermediate part is placed on another part.
  • an intermediate component can also be present, the component being placed on the intermediate component, And the intermediate part is placed on another part.
  • a component is described as “mounted to” or “connected to” another component, both can be understood as direct “installation.” Or “connected”, or a component is “mounted” or “connected” to another component indirectly through an intermediate component.
  • the present embodiment provides a retractable cutter including a cutter housing 1, a tool holder 2, a blade 3, a tool holder moving device 4, and a protrusion amount control device 5.
  • the cutter housing 1 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12 which are disposed opposite each other, and the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are mutually coupled by at least one fastener 16 (screw). connection.
  • the cavity 13 is formed inside the cutter housing 1, and specifically, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are connected to each other to form a cavity 13 together.
  • the embodiment may further include a cover 8 mounted to the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 (the junction of the two), detachably connected to the first housing 11 and/or The second housing 12.
  • the first housing 11 is provided with a first housing slot 14 and the second housing 11 is provided with a second housing slot 15 .
  • the cover body 8 includes a first cover plate 81 and a second cover plate 82.
  • the first cover plate 81 is provided with a protruding first buckle 83 at the bottom of the first cover plate 81.
  • the bottom of the second cover plate 82 is provided with a protruding second buckle 84 that is engaged with the second housing card slot 15 .
  • the cover body 8 is made of hard plastic and has certain elasticity.
  • the first cover plate 81 and the second cover plate 82 is deformed inwardly, so that the first buckle 83 is disengaged from the first housing slot 14 and the second buckle 84 is disengaged from the second housing slot 15 so that the cover 8 can be separated from the first housing.
  • the body 11 and the second housing 12 are separated.
  • the first buckle 83 is only engaged with the first housing card slot 14 and the second buckle 84 is engaged with the second housing card slot 15.
  • the blade outlet 18 extends through the front end of the tool housing 1 and communicates with the cavity 13, preferably the blade outlet 18 is disposed at the junction of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12.
  • the direction toward the blade outlet 18 is referred to as the front, and the end of each member near the blade outlet 18 hereinafter referred to as the front end, and the end remote from the blade outlet 18 is referred to as the rear end.
  • the blade 3 is assembled to the front end of the tool holder 2 and disposed opposite the blade outlet 18.
  • the tool holder 2 is provided with a blade card slot 21 having a shape corresponding to the blade 3 for mounting the blade 3.
  • a blade mount 31 is provided at the ridge of the blade 3; the inner surface of the blade slot 21 is provided with a projecting blade locking block 22 that snaps to the blade mount 31, so that the blade 3 is fixed to the blade holder 2.
  • the front end of the blade 3 projects out of the tool housing 1 through the blade outlet 18 or is retracted into the cavity 13 of the tool housing 1.
  • the blade outlet 18 communicates with the cavity 13 so that the blade 3 within the cavity 13 can pass through the blade outlet 18 into and out of the tool housing 1.
  • the tool holder moving device 4 is used to move the tool holder 2 in the tool housing 1 (in the cavity 13).
  • the tool holder moving device 4 includes two linear guides 41, a guide rail gap 42, and a housing slider 43.
  • the two linear guide rails 41 are parallel to each other and protrude from one side of the tool holder 2; the guide rail gap 42 is formed between the two guide rails; the housing slider 43 protrudes from the cutter housing 1 toward the inner side wall of the tool holder 2, and
  • the slidable type is snapped into the guide rail gap 42; when the tool post 3 is moved, the housing slider 43 and the two guide rails 41 are relatively slid.
  • the tool holder moving device 4 further includes a driving member 44.
  • the driving member 44 is partially exposed to the outside of the tool housing 1, and is disposed at a lower portion of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12.
  • the driving member 44 includes an integrally formed first driving board 441, a second driving board 442, and a driving bottom board 443.
  • the first driving board 441 and the second driving board 442 are parallel and opposite to each other, and the driving board 443 is used for connecting the first driving board. 441 and the second driving board 442.
  • the front end of the driving member 44 is hinged to the tool housing 1 by a shaft pin, and one end of the shaft pin is rotatably coupled to the first housing 11 and the other end is rotatably coupled to the second housing 12.
  • the front end of the drive member 44 can be rotated at a small angle upwardly about the axle pin.
  • a rear end of the driving member 44 is provided with a first driving board through hole 444, a second driving board through hole 445, and a driving shaft pin 446.
  • the first driving board through hole 444 penetrates the first driving board 441, the second driving board through hole 445 penetrates the second driving board 442, and the first driving board through hole 444 is opposite to the second driving board through hole 445, the first driving board
  • the through hole 444 and the second driving plate through hole 445 are all straight through holes.
  • One end of the drive shaft pin 446 is slidable within the first drive plate through hole 444, and the other end thereof is slidable within the second drive plate through hole 445, so that the drive shaft pin 446 can slide in a linear path within the drive member 44.
  • the tool holder moving device 4 further includes a first lever 45 and a second lever 46 that are hinged to the second lever 46 by a drive shaft pin 446.
  • the first lever 45 is hinged to the tool housing 1 at one end and rotatably mounted to the drive shaft pin 446 at the other end;
  • the second lever 46 is hinged to the tool holder 2 at one end and rotatably mounted to the drive shaft pin 446 at the other end.
  • the tool holder moving device 4 further includes an elastic member 47 having one end connected to the cutter housing 1 and the other end connected to the tool holder 2.
  • the elastic member 47 is preferably a coil spring, one end of which is fixed to the first casing 11 by a fastener 17 (preferably a screw), and the other end thereof is fixed to the tool holder 2.
  • the driving shaft pin 446 is pushed by the first lever 45 to slide in the first driving plate through hole 444 and the second driving plate through hole 445; the tool holder 2 is pushed by the second lever 52 toward the blade outlet
  • the elastic member 47 coil spring
  • the elastic member 47 (coil spring) returns to its original shape, pushing the blade holder 2 toward the blade outlet 18, and the blade 3 is retracted from the blade outlet 18 into the cavity 13.
  • the extension control device 5 is used to control the extension length of the blade 3 outside the cutter housing 1.
  • the extension amount control device 5 includes a lock piece 51, a stopper 52, and at least one gear mount 53.
  • the inner side wall of the first casing 11 is provided with a locking piece chute 111, and the locking piece 51 slides in the locking piece chute 111.
  • the stopper 52 protrudes from the surface of the lock piece 51 toward the side of the drive member 44.
  • the gear bayonet 53 is disposed at the edge of the first driving plate 441; when the driving bottom plate 443 is stressed, the stopper 52 can be engaged to any of the gear bayonet 53.
  • the stopper 52 slides in the top of the first driving plate 441 or in any of the gear bayonet 53; the length of the blade 3 extending outside the tool housing 1 is proportional to the sliding distance of the stopper 52. .
  • the stopper 52 is selectively engaged to any of the gear bayonet 53, or is separated or tangential to the top of the first driving plate 441; the blade 3 is extended outside the tool housing 1 The length corresponds to the position of the stopper 52.
  • the stopper 52 includes an integrally formed strip portion 521, a stopper projection portion 522, and an arcuate portion 523.
  • the longitudinal section of the strip portion 521 is a parallelogram; the stopper protrusion 522 protrudes from the bottom surface of the strip portion 521, and the two bottom corners of the longitudinal section are rounded; the arcuate portion 523 has a longitudinal cross section and the bottom surface is connected to the strip shape.
  • a side portion of the portion 521; a stopper sliding groove 524 is formed between the stopper protruding portion 522 and the locking piece 51.
  • the top of the first driving plate 441 is provided with a top plane 4411 and a top protrusion 4412.
  • the top protrusion 4412 protrudes from the top plane 4411, which is linear; the top plane 4411 forms a top slot 4413, which is located at the top.
  • One side or both sides of block 4412, this embodiment is preferably one side.
  • the present invention is provided with a plurality of gears.
  • three gears are preferred, from the rear end to the front end of the driving member 44, correspondingly to the first block bayonet, the second block bayonet, and the third block card.
  • the mouth, the block bayonet 53 of the first two gears have the same structure, and the structure of the stopper bayonet 53 of the last gear is slightly different from the former.
  • the stopper bayonet 53 (the first stopper bayonet and the second stopper bayonet) includes a bayonet side wall 531, a bayonet protrusion 532, a bayonet protrusion 533 and a bayonet chute. 534.
  • the bayonet side wall 531 is provided on one side of the stopper bayonet 53, and the bayonet protrusion 532 protrudes from the other side of the stopper bayonet 53.
  • the bayonet protrusion 533 protrudes from the bottom surface of the bayonet mount 53 and is disposed between the bayonet side wall 531 and the bayonet protrusion 532.
  • the bayonet chute 534 is formed on the bottom surface of the bayonet mount 53 and is located on one side or both sides of the bayonet projection 533. This embodiment is preferably one side.
  • each of the block bayonet 53 includes a bayonet side wall 531 and an arcuate recess 535.
  • One side of the block bayonet 53 is provided with a bayonet side wall 531, and the other side edge is provided with an arcuate groove 535 having a shape and a size corresponding to the arcuate portion 523.
  • the two bottom corners of the longitudinal section of the block protrusion 522 are rounded; the two top corners of the longitudinal section of the bayonet protrusion 532 are rounded so that the slider 52 can slide from one stop to the other. mouth.
  • the angle between the side of the strip portion 521 and the top surface 4411 of the first driving board is referred to as a first angle; the angle between the side wall 531 of the bayonet and the top plane 4411 of the first driving board is referred to as a second clip.
  • An angle of the first angle is the same as an angle of the second angle; an angle of the first angle or the second angle ranges from 60 to 80 degrees.
  • the top tab 4412 or the bayonet tab 533 slides within the block chute 524; the block projection 522 slides within the top chute 4413 or the bayonet chute 534.
  • the tool holder 2 is moved forward (in the direction of the blade outlet 18), the top projection 4412 slides within the stopper chute 524, and the stopper projection 522 slides at the top.
  • the slot 4413 slides so that the slider 52 snaps into the first stop bayonet, and the top tab 4412 snaps into the block chute 524; the block protrusion 522 snaps into the bayonet slot 534, at this time, the blade 3 A small section extends from the blade outlet 18.
  • the user can further exert force on the bottom of the driving member 44 as needed, and push the blade 3 again, so that the slider 52 slides out from the first stopper bayonet into the second stopper bayonet or the third stopper bayonet.
  • the blade 3 extends from the blade outlet 18 for a longer length.
  • the gear slots to which the slider 52 is engaged are different, and the length of the blade 3 corresponding thereto is also different.
  • the gear bayonet 53 and the first driving plate through hole 444 are both part of the first driving plate 44, the sliding distance of the slider 52 relative to the first driving plate 441 and the driving shaft pin 446 are in the two driving plate through holes.
  • the sliding distance in 444, 445 is proportional. Since the drive shaft pin 446 pushes the tool holder 2 by the second lever 46, the drive shaft pin 446 moves in the direction of the blade outlet 18 in the two drive plate through holes 444, 445 and the tool holder 2 moves toward the blade outlet 18. The distance is proportional.
  • the length of the blade 3 extending outside the tool housing 1 is proportional to the distance moved by the tool holder 2 in the direction of the blade outlet 18, the length of the blade 3 extending outside the tool housing 1 is opposite to that of the slider 52.
  • the sliding distance of the drive plate 44 is proportional. The user can control the length of extension of the blade 3 outside the tool housing 1 by controlling the position of the slider 52 at the top of the gear bayonet 53 or the first drive plate 44.
  • the slider 52 slides from the third stopper bayonet to the second stopper bayonet or from the second stopper bayonet to the first stopper bayonet.
  • the user can adjust the length of the blade 3 extending from the blade outlet 18 according to the magnitude of the force exerted at the bottom of the driving member 44, which is simple and convenient.
  • the slider 52 falls into a certain block mount 53, the tool holder 2 is in a relatively stable state, and as long as the user's force is constant, the extension length of the blade 3 remains unchanged for a short time.
  • the blade 3 is fully retracted into the interior of the cavity 13 of the tool housing 1 to ensure that there are no safety hazards after use.
  • the protrusion amount control device 5 further includes a gear hole 112 and a gear lever 511.
  • the gear hole 112 penetrates the side wall of the first casing 11 and is disposed opposite to the locking piece 51.
  • the shift lever 551 protrudes from the surface of the lock piece 51 toward the first housing 11 and slides in the shift hole 112.
  • the shift lever 511 is disposed opposite to the slider 52 on both sides of the lock piece 51, and the position of the shift lever 511 coincides with the position of the slider 52.
  • the extension amount control device 5 further includes a lock button 54 disposed outside the first housing 11 and fixed to the locking piece 51 or the shift lever 511.
  • the locking piece 51 and the stopper 52 are in an integrated structure, and the movement track of the locking piece 51 is completely identical with the stopper 52.
  • the lock button 54 is fixed to the locking piece 51 and/or the gear lever 511, and preferably the lock button 54 passes through a screw. It is fixed to the locking piece 51, so the movement trajectory of the lock 54 is also identical to the stopper 52. The user can precisely control the extension length of the blade 3 according to the position of the lock button 54.
  • the protrusion amount control device 5 further includes a gear position indicator 55 and an indication arrow 541 .
  • the gear position indicator 55 is disposed on the outer surface of the first housing 11 , and the corresponding position hole 112 is disposed on the position hole 112 .
  • the gear hole 112 is preferably linear, and the gear mark 55 is located beside the gear hole 112 for identifying the position of the slider 52.
  • the index arrow 541 is disposed on the surface of the gear lever 511 or the lock button 54, corresponding to any gear position. The index arrow 541 cooperates with the gear indicator 55 to indicate the position of the gear lever 511 in the gear hole 112.
  • the position of the gear lever 511 in the gear hole 112 can correspond to the position of the slider 52 at the top of the gear bayonet 53 or the first drive plate 44. Since the slider 52 is disposed inside the tool housing 1 and is not visible outside the tool housing 1, the user only needs to control the position of the shift lever 511 in the gear hole 112 to control the blade 3 in the tool housing. 1 outstretched length.
  • the index arrow 541 points to the scale 0 (in this embodiment, indicated by a lock symbol), the blade 3 is retracted into the tool housing 1; when the slider 52 is at the first position When the block is bayonet, the index arrow 541 points to the scale 1, and the front end of the blade 3 protrudes a little to the outside of the cutter housing 1; when the slider 52 is located at the second stopper mount, the index arrow 541 points to the scale 2, and the blade 3 More protrudes out of the cutter housing 1; when the slider 52 is located at the third stopper mount, the index arrow 541 points to the scale 3, and the blade 3 mostly protrudes outside the cutter housing 1.
  • the user can refer to the specific scale pointed by the arrow 541 to precisely control the extension length of the blade 3 as needed.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects of providing a retractable cutter, wherein the blade can be freely stretched and contracted during use, so that the user can adjust the length of the blade in the use state according to actual needs, and the operation is simple, the use is convenient, and the user experience is good;
  • the blade can be automatically retracted to the hand-held portion after use, thereby improving the safety performance of the tool, and the structure is stable and the service life is long.
  • the disadvantage of the embodiment 1 is that although the blade telescopic control device 5 has a relatively stable structure and a long service life, the blade 3 itself is a lossy component, and oxidation or rust may occur after long-term use, or Damage caused by improper use of the user.
  • the present embodiment provides a telescopic cutter, which includes all the technical features of Embodiment 1, and further includes various features as shown below.
  • the blade card slot 21 includes a first blade shutter 211 and a second blade shutter 212.
  • the first blade shutter 211 is L-shaped, opposite to the middle and rear ends of the blade 3;
  • the blade baffle 212 is L-shaped and disposed opposite to the front end of the blade 3;
  • the first blade baffle 211 and the second blade baffle 212 are respectively disposed on both sides of the blade 3;
  • the blade locking block 22 is disposed inside the first blade baffle 211 The surface is used to lock the blade 3 to prevent the blade 3 from slipping within the blade slot 21.
  • the retractable cutter further includes a tool changer 6 for removing the blade 3 from the tool holder 2 or for mounting the blade 3 to the tool holder 2.
  • the tool change device 6 includes a tool change button mounting hole 61, a tool change button 62, a tool change pad 63, and a tool change elastic member 64.
  • the tool change button mounting hole 61 is disposed at the front end of the first housing 11 and penetrates the first housing 11; the tool change button 62 is mounted into the tool change button mounting hole 61; the tool change pad 63 is fixed to the first housing 11
  • the surface is disposed opposite the front end of the blade 3; the tool change elastic member 64 (preferably a coil spring) is connected to the tool change button 62 at one end and to the tool change pad 63 at the other end.
  • the inner side wall of the tool change button mounting hole 61 is provided with a button chute 611; the outer side wall of the tool change button 62 is provided with a protruding button slider 621, which is engaged with the button chute 611; in this embodiment, two oppositely disposed button sliders are preferred. 621 and two oppositely disposed button chutes 611.
  • the button slider 621 slides in the button chute 611, and the tool change pad 63 pushes the front end of the blade 3. Since the first blade guard 211 and the second blade shutter 212 are offset from each other to catch the blade 3, when the blade 3 receives a thrust perpendicular to the blade surface, the front end of the blade 3 is laterally deflected, and the middle and rear ends of the blade 3 are also Lateral deflection occurs so that the blade 3 can be disengaged from the tool holder 2, and similarly, the replacement blade can be mounted into the tool holder 2 by means of the tool changer 6.
  • the beneficial effect of the embodiment is that the blade 3 and the tool holder 2 can be separated, so that the user can disassemble and replace the blade, and the service life of the telescopic cutter can be further extended.
  • the deficiencies of the solution are that the spare blade and the telescopic cutter are separately placed, which may cause the replacement of the spare blade. To solve this problem, the embodiment further provides the following technical solutions.
  • the present embodiment may further include a magazine 7 and a spare blade 71 which are mounted in the cavity 13 of the tool housing 1, the magazine 7 is fixed to the holder 2, and the spare blade 71 is Placed in the tool holder 2.
  • the tool holder 2 is provided with two linear guide rails 41 which are parallel to each other facing the side of the first housing 11, and the other side can be mounted with the magazine 7.
  • the surface of the tool magazine 7 adjacent to the side of the tool holder 2 is provided with two protruding screw hole structures 72.
  • the tool holder 2 is provided with two tool holder through holes 23 corresponding to the screw hole structure, and the two screws pass through.
  • the tool holder through hole 23 is fixed to the screw hole structure 72, thereby fixedly connecting the tool magazine 7 to the tool holder 2.
  • a magazine cavity 73 is formed inside the magazine 7 for housing one or more spare blades 71.
  • a magazine opening 74 is provided at the top of the magazine 7, and a magazine cover 75 is mounted at the magazine opening 74 to prevent the backup blade 71 from slipping during use of the tool.
  • the magazine 7 includes a first magazine side wall 76 and a second magazine side wall 77.
  • a first magazine spring 78 is disposed in the middle of the first magazine side wall 76, and is bent toward the inside of the magazine 7 for the spare blade 71. Abutting against the inside of the side wall 77 of the second magazine, the friction between the second magazine side wall 77 and the backup blade 71 causes the spare blade 71 to not slide out of the magazine 7.
  • a sidewall notch 79 is provided in the middle of the second magazine side wall 77 to facilitate the user to take out the spare blade 71 from the magazine 7 with a finger.
  • the magazine cover 75 is fixed to the cover 8 by a screw.
  • the first cover plate 81 and the second cover plate 82 are deformed inwardly, so that the first buckle 83 is disengaged from the first housing slot 14 and simultaneously
  • the two buckles 84 are disengaged from the second housing card slot 15, so that the cover body 8 can be separated from the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. Since the magazine cover 75 is fixed to the cover body 8, the magazine cover 75 It is also separated from the magazine opening 74 so that the spare blade 71 can be taken out. After the spare blade 71 is taken out, the cover 8 is reattached to the cutter housing 1. After that, the user presses the tool change button 62 to take out the blade 3 in the tool holder 2, and installs the spare blade into the tool holder 2.
  • the beneficial effect of the embodiment is that a retractable cutter is provided, wherein the blade can be freely stretched and contracted during use, and the user can adjust the length of the blade in the use state according to actual needs, and the operation is simple and convenient to use, and the blade can be automatically used after use. Retracted to the handpiece to improve tool safety.
  • the blade of this embodiment can be replaced, and the blade is easy to disassemble and install, and the service life is long.
  • Embodiments 1 and 2 are that, in the non-use state, if the user inadvertently touches the bottom of the driving member 44, the front end of the blade 3 will protrude and be exposed outside the tool housing 1, which has a certain safety risk. .
  • the present embodiment provides a telescopic cutter including all of the technical features of Embodiment 1 or 2, and further includes various features as shown below.
  • the present embodiment further includes a scabbard 9 detachably coupled to the cutter housing 1; and in a state where the scabbard 9 is coupled to the cutter housing 1, the scabbard 9 is disposed opposite the blade outlet 18.
  • the scabbard 9 includes a scabbard body 91, a scabbard opening 92, and a scabbard strip 93.
  • the scabbard body 91 is internally provided with a scabbard cavity 94;
  • the scabbard opening 92 is provided on the surface of the scabbard body 91, and the cutter housing 1 enters and exits the scabbard cavity 94 from the scabbard opening 92;
  • the scabbard clip 93 is linear , protruding from the inner surface of the scabbard body 91 for engaging the outer surface of the cutter housing 1 .
  • the cutter housing 1 When the cutter housing 1 enters a certain depth inside the scabbard cavity 94, that is, after reaching the interference position on the scabbard clip 93, the cutter housing 1 is locked by the scabbard clip 93 preloading force, so that the cutter shell The body 1 does not detach from the scabbard 9 when it is pulled outwardly and is less than the super-preload force. When the tool housing 1 is pulled outwardly by a pulling force greater than the preload, the tool housing 1 is disengaged from the scabbard 9.
  • the scabbard 9 further includes a hanger hole 95 disposed on the outer surface of the scabbard body 91 for suspending the scabbard 9 somewhere.
  • the embodiment may further include a scabbard clamp 10 rotatably and/or detachably connected to the scabbard 9.
  • the scabbard clamp 10 is preferably rotatable and Detachably connected to the scabbard 9.
  • the scabbard clamp 10 includes a first clamping plate 101, a second clamping plate 102, a cleat pin 103, and a cleat torsion spring 104.
  • the second clamping plate 102 is disposed opposite to the first clamping plate 101; the first clamping plate 101 is hinged to the second clamping plate 102 by the clamping plate pin 103; the clamping plate torsion spring 104 is sleeved on the outside of the clamping plate pin 103, and comprises two supporting ends 105, respectively
  • the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102 are supported.
  • the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102 constitute a jig to clamp the cutter on the user's belt for easy carrying.
  • the scabbard clamp 10 further includes a clamp housing 106, a jacket opening 107, a jacket through hole 108, and two or more outer casing sliding teeth 109.
  • the fixture jacket 106 is disposed on the surface of the scabbard holder 10 to form a jacket cavity with the surface of the scabbard holder 10; the embodiment is preferably disposed on the surface of the first clamping plate 101, and the fixture housing 106 and the surface of the first clamping plate 101 form a jacket cavity; 107 is disposed at one end of the clamp casing 106; the through hole 108 penetrates the clamp casing 106, and is adjacent to and communicates with the outer casing opening 107; the outer casing sliding teeth 104 protrude and are evenly distributed on the inner side wall of the outer casing through hole 106, any two adjacent outer casing sliding teeth A casing sliding gullet 110 is formed between 109.
  • the scabbard 9 includes a scabbard snap ring 96 which protrudes from the outer surface of the scabbard 9 and is annular; the scabbard snap ring 96 may have one or two, and the scabbard
  • the body 91 is integrally provided to protrude from one side or both side surfaces of the scabbard 9. This embodiment is preferably two, which is convenient for the user to mount the scabbard clamp 10 on either side of the scabbard 9, so that the scabbard clamp 10 is more flexible to install.
  • the scabbard snap ring 96 includes a snap ring base 961 having a snap ring body 962 facing one side of the scabbard 9 and a protruding snap ring stop 963 on the other side thereof, snapping into the outer cover through hole 108, the snap ring
  • the stopper 963 has a semicircular ring shape, and its inner diameter and outer diameter coincide with the ring of the snap ring body 962.
  • the snap ring base 961, the snap ring body 962, and the snap ring stopper 963 are integrally provided.
  • the side wall of the snap ring body 962 is provided with a sliding tooth opening 964 for mounting the elastic collar 97; a center of the scabbard snap ring 96 is provided with a jam mounting post 965 protruding from the outer surface of the scabbard 9 for mounting the elastic card Plug 98.
  • the retractable cutter of the present embodiment further includes an elastic collar 97 that is mounted into the scabbard snap ring 96.
  • the elastic collar 97 specifically includes a collar sliding tooth 971 and a collar opening 972.
  • the collar sliding tooth 971 protrudes from the outer sidewall of the elastic collar 97, and is engaged to the outer casing sliding slot 110 through the sliding tooth opening 961;
  • the opening 972 is disposed on the side wall of the elastic collar 97, and the elastic collar 97 is broken at the collar opening 972.
  • the elastic collar 97 can be slightly deformed, and the diameter thereof can be slightly adjusted.
  • the elastic collar 97 is an annular sheet made of metal material, which is broken at the collar opening 972, and the elastic collar 97 can be slightly deformed, and the user hands force on the scabbard 9 and the scabbard clamp 10 respectively, and
  • the collar sliding teeth 971 are slid from one of the outer casing sliding gullets 110 to the other outer casing sliding gullet 110, and a rhythmic sound is emitted during the sliding process.
  • the retractable cutter of the present embodiment further includes an elastic plug 98 that is mounted into the scabbard snap ring 96.
  • the elastic plug 98 includes a jam base 981 and a jam sleeve 982.
  • the caulking base 981 is disposed in the outer casing cavity 108.
  • the caulking sleeve 982 protrudes from the middle of the caulking base 981 and is sleeved on the outside of the caulking mounting post 91 for mounting the scabbard snap ring 96 and the elastic collar 97.
  • the elastic snap 98 is fixed to the scabbard snap ring 96 so that the elastic collar 97 does not disengage from the scabbard 9.
  • the scabbard clamp 10 can be separated from the scabbard 9. The user can choose to mount the scabbard clamp 10 on a certain side of the scabbard as needed.
  • the beneficial effect of the embodiment is that a retractable cutter is provided, wherein the blade can be freely stretched and contracted during use, and the user can adjust the length of the blade in the use state according to actual needs, and the operation is simple and convenient to use, and the blade can be automatically used after use. Retracted to the handpiece to improve tool safety.
  • the scabbard is further provided in the embodiment to further reduce the safety risk of erroneous operation; the scabbard clamp which is rotatable and detachable is also provided in the embodiment, and the operation is flexible and the assembly is convenient, so that the cutter is more convenient to carry.

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Abstract

一种可伸缩刀具，包括刀具壳体（1），其内部形成腔体；刀架（2），在刀具壳体（1）内被移动或被锁定；刀片（3），安装至刀架（2）上，与刀片出口（18）相对设置；当刀架（2）被移动时，刀片（3）前端通过刀片出口（18）伸出至刀具壳体（1）外或缩回至刀具壳体（1）内；刀架移动装置（4），用以在刀具壳体（1）内移动刀架（2）；以及伸出量控制装置（5），用于控制刀片（3）在刀具壳体（1）外的伸出长度。该可伸缩刀具，可以根据需要调整刀片伸出壳体的长度，操作简单，使用方便，用户体验较好，便于大规模推广应用。

Description

一种可伸缩刀具
技术领域
本发明涉及手动工具，尤其地涉及一种可伸缩刀具。
背景技术
常见的手持刀具，主要包括折叠式和带鞘式，在使用过程中，暴露在手持部之外的刀片长度一般是恒定不变的，可以有效确保使用安全。大部分场景下，手持刀具的刀片长度是不需要用户时刻调整的，折叠式或带鞘式刀具可以满足大部分用户的客观需要。
然而，在一些特定的应用场合，例如，当用户需要切割产品外包装又不能损害内部的产品或内包装时，用户需要严格控制进刀力度，操作极为不便，而且有一定的安全风险。
现有技术中，美工刀（或称文具刀）可以自由伸缩刀片长度，但其不足之处在于，美工刀的锁止结构不牢固，其稳定性和锁定效果较差，容易损坏，使用寿命较短，即使刀片在锁定状态下也可能发生滑动，从而增加使用过程中的安全风险。此外，刀片的伸出及缩回过程中都需要用户执行解锁刀片、移动刀片、锁定刀片这三个操作步骤，操作比较繁琐，而且刀片在使用状态下不能伸缩，使用后不能自动收回。一旦用户在使用后随便放置，刀片就会一直处于暴露在外的状态，安全性较差
本领域技术人员致力于研发一种新型可伸缩刀具，使得刀片在使用过程中可以自由伸缩，便于用户根据需要调整刀片长度，使用后刀片可以自动收回至手持部，提高刀具安全性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可伸缩刀具，已解决现有技术的可伸缩刀具存在的结构稳定性差、操作麻烦、刀片不能自动收回等技术问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种可伸缩刀具，包括刀具壳体，其内部形成腔体；刀片出口，贯穿所述刀具壳体前端，且连通至所述腔体；刀架，在所述刀具壳体内被移动或被锁定；刀片，装配至所述刀架，与所述刀片出口相对设置；当所述刀架被移动时，所述刀片前端通过所述刀片出口伸出至所述刀具壳体外或缩回至所述刀具壳体内；刀架移动装置，用以在所述刀具壳体内移动所述刀架；以及伸出量控制装置，用以控制所述刀片在所述刀具壳体外的伸出长度。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀具壳体包括第一壳体，设有第一壳体卡槽；第二壳体，设有第二壳体卡槽，所述第二壳体与所述第一壳体相对设置；以及盖体，可拆卸式连接至所述第一壳体和/或所述第二壳体；所述盖体包括第一盖体板，其底部设有突出的第一卡扣，卡合至所述第一壳体卡槽；以及第二盖体板，与所述第一盖体板相对设置，所述第二盖体板底部设有突出的第二卡扣，卡合至所述第二壳体卡槽。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀架移动装置包括两根彼此平行的直线形导轨，突出于所述刀架的一侧面；导轨空隙，形成于两根导轨之间；以及壳体滑块，突出于所述刀具壳体朝向所述刀架的内侧壁，且卡入至所述导轨空隙；当所述刀架被移动时，所述壳体滑块与所述两根导轨发生相对滑动。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀架移动装置包括驱动件，其一端铰接至所述刀具壳体，其另一端包括第一驱动板，设有第一驱动板通孔；第二驱动板，与所述第一驱动板相对设置；所述第二驱动板设有第二驱动板通孔，与所述第一驱动板通孔相对设置；驱动轴销，其一端可滑动式安装至所述第一驱动板通孔内，其另一端可滑动式安装至所述第二驱动板通孔内；以及驱动底板，用以连接所述第一驱动板及所述第二驱动板。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀架移动装置包括第一杠杆，其一端铰接至所述刀具壳体，其另一端可转动式安装至所述驱动轴销；第二杠杆，其一端铰接至所述刀架，其另一端可转动式安装至所述驱动轴销；以及弹性件，其一端连接至所述刀具壳体，其另一端连接至所述刀架。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，当所述驱动底板受力时，所述驱动轴销被所述第一杠杆推动，在所述第一驱动板通孔、所述第二驱动板通孔内滑动；所述刀架被所述第二杠杆推动朝所述刀片出口方向移动，所述弹性件发生弹性形变；所述刀片伸出在所述刀具壳体外的长度与所述刀架朝向所述刀片出口方向移动的距离成正比例；当所述驱动底板失力时，所述弹性件恢复原形，推动所述刀架朝远离所述刀片出口方向移动。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述伸出量控制装置包括锁片，在第一壳体内侧壁的锁片滑槽内滑动；挡块，突出于所述锁片朝向所述驱动件一侧的表面；以及 至少一挡位卡口，设于第一驱动板边缘处；当所述驱动底板受力后，所述挡块可卡合至任一挡位卡口。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，当所述刀架被移动时，所述挡块在所述第一驱动板顶部或任一所述挡位卡口内滑动；所述刀片伸出在所述刀具壳体外的长度与所述挡块的滑动距离成正比例；当所述刀架被锁定时，所述挡块可选择地卡合至任一挡位卡口，或者，与所述第一驱动板顶部相离或相切；所述刀片伸出在所述刀具壳体外的长度与所述挡块的位置相对应。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述挡块包括一体成型的条形部，其截面为平行四边形；挡块突出部，突出于所述条形部底面，其截面的两个底角为圆角；以及弓形部，其截面为弓形，其底面连接至所述条形部侧面；其中，所述挡块突出部与所述锁片之间形成挡块滑槽。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述挡块卡口包括卡口侧壁，设于所述挡块卡口的一侧；卡口突出部，突出于所述挡块卡口的另一侧；卡口突块，突出于所述挡位卡口底面，设于所述卡口侧壁与所述卡口突出部之间，其为直线形；以及卡口滑槽，形成于所述挡位卡口底面，位于所述卡口突块一侧或两侧。或者，所述挡块卡口包括卡口侧壁，设于所述挡块卡口的一侧；弧形凹槽，设于所述挡块卡口的另一侧，且对应所述弓形部。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述伸出量控制装置还包括挡位孔，贯穿第一壳体侧壁，与所述锁片相对设置；挡位杆，突出于所述锁片朝向第一壳体一侧的表面，在所述挡位孔内滑动；锁纽，设于所述第一壳体外部，连接至所述挡位杆；以及档位标识，设于所述第一壳体外表面，对应所述挡位孔。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述可伸缩刀具还包括刀片卡槽，设于所述刀架上部，其形状与所述刀片对应；刀片卡口，设于所述刀片的刀脊处；以及刀片锁紧块，突出于所述刀片卡槽内表面，且卡合至所述刀片卡口。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀片卡槽包括第一刀片挡板，其为L形，与所述刀片中部及后端相对设置；第二刀片挡板，其为L形，与所述刀片前端相对设置；其中，所述第一刀片挡板与所述第二刀片挡板分别设于所述刀片两侧；所述刀片锁紧块突出于所述第一刀片挡板内侧表面。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述可伸缩刀具还包括换刀装置，用以从所述刀架上拆卸所述刀片，或者，用以安装所述刀片至所述刀架。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述换刀装置包括：换刀按钮安装孔，设于第一壳体前端，且贯穿所述第一壳体；所述换刀按钮安装孔内侧壁设有按钮滑槽；换刀按钮，安装至所述换刀按钮安装孔内；所述换刀按钮外侧壁设有突出的按钮滑块，卡入至所述按钮滑槽；换刀垫片，固定至所述第一壳体内表面，且与所述刀片前端相对设置；以及换刀弹性件，其一端连接至所述换刀按钮，其另一端连接至所述换刀垫片；当所述换刀按钮被按压时，所述按钮滑块在所述按钮滑槽内滑动，所述换刀垫片推动所述刀片前端。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述换刀按钮安装孔内侧壁设有按钮滑槽；所述换刀按钮外侧壁设有突出的按钮滑块，卡入至所述按钮滑槽；当所述换刀按钮被按压时，所述按钮滑块在所述按钮滑槽内滑动，所述换刀垫片推动所述刀片前端。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述可伸缩刀具还包括刀库，固定至所述刀架；以及备用刀片，被放置于所述刀库内。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀库包括第一刀库侧壁；第二刀库侧壁，与所述第一刀库侧壁相对设置；刀库开口，设于所述刀库顶部；刀库弹片，设于所述第一刀库侧壁内侧，且向所述刀库内侧弯折；侧壁缺口，贯穿所述第二刀库侧壁；以及刀库盖板，安装至所述刀库开口，且连接至盖体。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述可伸缩刀具还包括刀鞘，可拆卸式连接至所述刀具壳体；所述刀鞘与所述刀片出口相对设置。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀鞘包括刀鞘本体，其内设有刀鞘腔体；刀鞘开口，设于所述刀鞘本体表面，所述刀具壳体由该刀鞘开口进出所述刀鞘腔体；以及刀鞘卡条，突出于所述刀鞘本体内表面，用以卡合至所述刀具壳体外表面。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述可伸缩刀具还包括刀鞘夹具，可转动式和/或可拆卸式连接至所述刀鞘。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述刀鞘夹具包括第一夹板；第二夹板，与所述第一夹板相对设置；夹板轴销，所述第一夹板通过所述夹板轴销铰接至所述第二夹板；以及夹板扭簧，套设于所述夹板轴销，其包括两个支撑端，分别支撑所述第一夹板和所述第二夹板；夹具外套，设于所述刀鞘夹具表面，与所述刀鞘夹具表面形成外套空腔；外套开口，设于所述夹具外套一端；外套通孔，贯穿所述夹具外套，靠近且连通至所述外套开口；以及两个以上外套滑动齿，突出于且均匀分布于所述外套通孔内侧壁，任意两个相邻外套滑动齿之间形成外套滑动齿槽。
进一步地，在不同实施方式中，所述可伸缩刀具包括刀鞘卡环以及安装至所述刀鞘卡环内的弹性卡圈与弹性卡塞。所述刀鞘卡环包括卡环本体，突出于所述刀鞘表面；卡环底座，设于所述卡环本体顶部；卡环挡块，突出于所述卡环底座；滑动齿开口，贯穿所述卡环本体侧壁；以及卡塞安装柱，突出于所述刀鞘表面，且设于所述刀鞘卡环中心处。所述弹性卡圈包括卡圈滑动齿，突出于所述弹性卡圈外侧壁，穿过滑动齿开口卡合至任一外套滑动齿槽；以及卡圈开口，设于所述弹性卡圈侧壁，所述弹性卡圈在所述卡圈开口处断开。所述弹性卡塞包括卡塞底座，设于外套空腔内；以及卡塞套管，突出于所述卡塞底座，套设于卡塞安装柱外部。
本发明的有益效果在于，本发明提供一种可伸缩刀具，其刀片在使用过程中可以自由伸缩，便于用户根据实际需要在使用状态下调整刀片伸出刀具壳体的长度，操作简单、使用方便，用户体验较好；本发明在使用后刀片可以自动收回至手持部，提高刀具安全性能，而且结构稳定，不易损毁，便于大规模推广应用。本发明还可以更换刀片，从而进一步延长使用寿命；本发明还可以加装刀鞘及夹具，有效防止误触引发的安全风险，使其便于携带。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例1的分解结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例1中刀具壳体的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例1中盖体的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例1中第一壳体内侧的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例1中刀架的结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例1中刀片的结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例1中刀架、刀片与弹性件组合后的结构示意图；
图9是本发明实施例1中伸出量控制装置的分解结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例1中锁片背面的结构示意图；
图11是本发明实施例1中挡块的结构示意图；
图12是本发明实施例1中第一驱动板顶部及挡块卡口的结构示意图；
图13是本发明实施例1中锁片正面的结构示意图；
图14是本发明实施例1中挡位标识和示数箭头的结构示意图；
图15是本发明实施例2的分解结构示意图；
图16是本发明实施例2中刀架与刀片组合后一侧结构示意图；
图17是本发明实施例2中刀架与刀片组合后另一侧结构示意图；
图18是本发明实施例2中换刀装置的分解结构示意图；
图19是本发明实施例2中刀库一侧的结构示意图；
图20是本发明实施例2中刀库另一侧及备用刀片的结构示意图；
图21是本发明实施例3的整体结构示意图；
图22是本发明实施例3中刀鞘及刀鞘夹具的结构示意图；
图23是本发明实施例3中刀鞘及刀鞘夹具的分解结构示意图；
图24是本发明实施例3中夹具外套部分的结构示意图；
图25是本发明实施例3中刀鞘卡环、弹性卡圈及弹性卡塞组合后的分解结构示意图；
图26是本发明实施例3中刀鞘卡环、弹性卡圈及弹性卡塞组合后的整体结构示意图。
图中部件标识如下：
1刀具壳体，2刀架，3刀片，4刀架移动装置，5伸出量控制装置；
6换刀装置，7刀库，8盖体，9刀鞘，10刀鞘夹具；
11第一壳体，12第二壳体，13腔体；14第一壳体卡槽，
15第二壳体卡槽，16紧固件，17紧固件，18刀片出口；
21刀片卡槽，22刀片锁紧块，23刀架通孔，31刀片卡口；
41直线形导轨，42导轨空隙，43壳体滑块；
44驱动件，45第一杠杆，46第二杠杆，47弹性件；
51锁片，52挡块，53挡位卡口，54锁纽，55挡位标识；
61换刀按钮安装孔，62换刀按钮，63换刀垫片，64换刀弹性件；
71备用刀片，72螺孔结构，73刀库空腔，74刀库开口，75刀库盖板；
76第一刀库侧壁，77第二刀库侧壁，78刀库弹片，79侧壁缺口；
81第一盖体板，82第二盖体板，83第一卡扣，84第二卡扣；
91刀鞘本体，92刀鞘开口，93刀鞘卡条，94刀鞘腔体，95挂件孔；
96刀鞘卡环，97弹性卡圈，98弹性卡塞；
101第一夹板，102第二夹板，103夹板轴销，104夹板扭簧，105支撑端；
106夹具外套，107外套开口，108外套通孔，109外套滑动齿；
110外套滑动齿槽，111锁片滑槽，112挡位孔；
211第一刀片挡板，212第二刀片挡板；
441第一驱动板，442第二驱动板，443驱动底板；
444第一驱动板通孔，445第二驱动板通孔，446驱动轴销；
511档位杆，521条形部，522挡块突出部，523弓形部，524挡块滑槽；
531卡口侧壁，532卡口突出部，533卡口突块，534卡口滑槽，535弧形凹槽；
541示数箭头，611按钮滑槽，621按钮滑块；
961卡环底座，962卡环本体，963卡环挡块；
964滑动齿开口，965卡塞安装柱；
971卡圈滑动齿，972卡圈开口；981卡塞底座， 982卡塞套管；
4411顶部平面，4412顶部突块，4413顶部滑槽。
具体实施方式
以下参考说明书附图完整介绍本发明的优选实施例，使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现，其保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中，结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示，各处结构或功能相似的部件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一部件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的，本发明并没有限定每个部件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰，附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。
本发明所提到的方向用语，例如，上、下、前、后、左、右、内、外、侧面、顶部、底部、顶端、底端、末端等，仅是附图中的方向，只是用来解释和说明本发明，而不是用来限定本发明的保护范围。
当某些部件被描述为“在”另一部件“上”时，所述部件可以直接置于所述另一部件上；也可以存在一中间部件，所述部件置于所述中间部件上，且所述中间部件置于另一部件上。当一个部件被描述为“安装至”或“连接至”另一部件时，二者可以理解为直接“安装” 或“连接”，或者一个部件通过一中间部件间接 “安装至”或“连接至”另一个部件。
实施例1
如图1～2所示，本实施例提供一种可伸缩刀具，包括刀具壳体1、刀架2、刀片3、刀架移动装置4以及伸出量控制装置5。
如图2～3所示，刀具壳体1包括相对设置的第一壳体11及第二壳体12，第一壳体11与第二壳体12通过至少一个紧固件16（螺钉）彼此连接。刀具壳体1内部形成腔体13，具体地说，第一壳体11、第二壳体12彼此连接后共同围成腔体13。
优选地，本实施例还可以包括盖体8，安装至第一壳体11和与第二壳体12之间（二者的连接处），可拆卸式连接至第一壳体11和/或第二壳体12。第一壳体11设有第一壳体卡槽14，第二壳体11设有第二壳体卡槽15。
如图2、图4所示，盖体8包括相对设置的第一盖体板81与第二盖体板82；第一盖体板81底部设有突出的第一卡扣83，卡合至第一壳体卡槽14；第二盖体板82底部设有突出的第二卡扣84，卡合至第二壳体卡槽15。
盖体8为硬质塑料制成，具有一定弹性，当用户在46盖体8两侧同时向内按压第一盖体板81和第二盖体板82时，第一盖体板81和第二盖体板82会向内侧发生形变，使得第一卡扣83脱离第一壳体卡槽14、第二卡扣84脱离第二壳体卡槽15，从而使得盖体8得以与第一壳体11、第二壳体12分离。需要安装时，只需将第一卡扣83卡合至第一壳体卡槽14，将第二卡扣84卡合至第二壳体卡槽15即可。
如图1～3所示，刀片出口18贯穿刀具壳体1前端，且连通至腔体13，优选将刀片出口18设置于第一壳体11与第二壳体12连接处。在本实施例中，朝向刀片出口18的方向称为前方，下文所述每一部件靠近刀片出口18的一端称为前端，远离刀片出口18的一端称为后端。
如图6～8所示，刀片3装配至刀架2前端，且与刀片出口18相对设置。刀架2设有刀片卡槽21，其形状与刀片3对应，用以安装刀片3。刀片3的刀脊处设有刀片卡口31；刀片卡槽21内表面设有突出的刀片锁紧块22，卡合至刀片卡口31，从而使得刀片3被固定至刀架2。
当刀架2被移动时，刀片3前端通过刀片出口18伸出至刀具壳体1外或缩回至刀具壳体1的腔体13内。刀片出口18连通至腔体13，以便腔体13内的刀片3可以穿过刀片出口18进出刀具壳体1。
如图5～8所示，刀架移动装置4用以在刀具壳体1内（腔体13中）移动刀架2。刀架移动装置4包括两根直线形导轨41、导轨空隙42、壳体滑块43。两根直线形导轨41彼此平行，且突出于刀架2的一侧面；导轨空隙42形成于两根导轨之间；壳体滑块43突出于刀具壳体1朝向刀架2的内侧壁，且可滑动式卡入至导轨空隙42；当刀架3被移动时，壳体滑块43与两根导轨41发生相对滑动。如图9所示，刀架移动装置4还包括驱动件44，驱动件44部分暴露于刀具壳体1外部，设于第一壳体11与第二壳体12下部。驱动件44包括一体成型的第一驱动板441、第二驱动板442以及驱动底板443，第一驱动板441与第二驱动板442彼此平行且相对设置，驱动底板443用于连接第一驱动板441与第二驱动板442。
驱动件44前端通过一轴销铰接至刀具壳体1，该轴销一端转动连接至第一壳体11，另一端转动连接至第二壳体12。当驱动件44底部受到向上的压力时，驱动件44前端可以绕着所述轴销向上发生小角度旋转。
驱动件44后端设有第一驱动板通孔444、第二驱动板通孔445以及驱动轴销446。第一驱动板通孔444贯穿第一驱动板441，第二驱动板通孔445贯穿第二驱动板442，第一驱动板通孔444与第二驱动板通孔445相对设置，第一驱动板通孔444、第二驱动板通孔445皆为直线形通孔。驱动轴销446的一端可以在第一驱动板通孔444内滑动，其另一端可以在第二驱动板通孔445内滑动，因此驱动轴销446可以在驱动件44内沿直线路径滑动。
刀架移动装置4还包括第一杠杆45与第二杠杆46，第一杠杆45通过驱动轴销446铰接至第二杠杆46。第一杠杆45一端铰接至刀具壳体1，其另一端可转动式安装至驱动轴销446；第二杠杆46一端铰接至刀架2，其另一端可转动式安装至驱动轴销446。
刀架移动装置4还包括弹性件47，其一端连接至刀具壳体1，其另一端连接至刀架2。本实施例中，弹性件47优选螺旋弹簧，其一端通过一紧固件17（优选螺钉）固定至第一壳体11，其另一端固定至刀架2。
当驱动底板443受力时，驱动轴销446被第一杠杆45推动，在第一驱动板通孔444、第二驱动板通孔445内滑动；刀架2被第二杠杆52推动朝刀片出口18方向移动，弹性件47（螺旋弹簧）被压缩，发生弹性形变。具体地说，当驱动底板443的底部受到向上的力时，驱动件44后端受力向上移动，第一杠杆45一端铰接至刀具壳体1，其另一端的驱动轴销446被第一杠杆45推动在驱动件44内向前做直线滑动，第二杠杆46被驱动轴销446推动向前滑动，刀架2被第二杠杆46推动向前滑动，刀架2前端的刀片3穿过刀片出口18伸出至刀具壳体1外。刀片3伸出在刀具壳体1外的长度与刀架2朝向刀片出口18方向移动的距离成正比例。
当所述驱动底板443失力时，弹性件47（螺旋弹簧）恢复原形，推动刀架2朝远离刀片出口18方向移动，刀片3从刀片出口18缩回至腔体13内。
伸出量控制装置5用以控制刀片3在刀具壳体1外的伸出长度。
如图5、图9～14所示，伸出量控制装置5包括锁片51、挡块52以及至少一挡位卡口53。第一壳体11内侧壁设有锁片滑槽111，锁片51在锁片滑槽111内滑动。挡块52突出于锁片51朝向驱动件44一侧的表面。挡位卡口53设于第一驱动板441边缘处；当驱动底板443受力后，挡块52可卡合至任一挡位卡口53。
当刀架2被移动时，挡块52在第一驱动板441顶部或任一挡位卡口53内滑动；刀片3伸出在刀具壳体1外的长度与挡块52的滑动距离成正比例。当刀架2被锁定时，挡块52可选择地卡合至任一挡位卡口53，或者，与第一驱动板441顶部相离或相切；刀片3伸出在刀具壳体1外的长度与挡块52的位置相对应。
如图10～11所示，挡块52包括一体成型的条形部521、挡块突出部522以及弓形部523。条形部521的纵向截面为平行四边形；挡块突出部522突出于条形部521底面，其纵向截面的两个底角为圆角；弓形部523纵向截面为弓形，其底面连接至条形部521侧面；挡块突出部522与锁片51之间形成挡块滑槽524。
如图12所示，第一驱动板441顶部设有顶部平面4411和顶部突块4412，顶部突块4412突出于顶部平面4411，其为直线形；顶部平面4411形成顶部滑槽4413，位于顶部突块4412的一侧或两侧，本实施例优选一侧。
本发明设有多个挡位，本实施例中优选三个挡位，从驱动件44的后端到前端，依次对应第一挡块卡口、第二挡块卡口、第三挡块卡口，前两个挡位的挡块卡口53结构相同，最后一个挡位的挡块卡口53结构与前者略有区别。
在前两个挡位，挡块卡口53（第一挡块卡口、第二挡块卡口）包括卡口侧壁531、卡口突出部532、卡口突块533及卡口滑槽534。卡口侧壁531设于挡块卡口53的一侧，卡口突出部532突出于挡块卡口53的另一侧。卡口突块533突出于挡位卡口53的底面，设于卡口侧壁531与卡口突出部532之间，其为直线形。卡口滑槽534形成于挡位卡口53的底面，位于卡口突块533的一侧或两侧，本实施例优选一侧。
在最后一个挡位，每一挡块卡口53包括卡口侧壁531和弧形凹槽535。挡块卡口53的一侧设有卡口侧壁531，其另一侧边缘处设有弧形凹槽535，其形状、尺寸对应弓形部523。
挡块突出部522纵向截面的两个底角为圆角；卡口突出部532纵向截面的两个顶角为圆角，以便滑块52可以从一挡块卡口滑动至另一挡块卡口。
条形部521侧面与第一驱动板顶部平面4411之间的夹角称之为第一夹角；卡口侧壁531与第一驱动板顶部平面4411之间的夹角称之为第二夹角；所述第一夹角的角度与所述第二夹角的角度相同；所述第一夹角或所述第二夹角的角度范围为60～80度。当驱动底板443的底部失力时，在弹性件47的作用下，滑块52会从挡块卡口53顺利滑出。
当刀架2被移动时，顶部突块4412或卡口突块533在挡块滑槽524内滑动；挡块突出部522在顶部滑槽4413内或卡口滑槽534内滑动。具体地说，当驱动底板443的底部受力时，刀架2被带动向前（刀片出口18方向）移动，顶部突块4412在挡块滑槽524内滑动、挡块突出部522在顶部滑槽4413内滑动，使得滑块52卡入第一挡块卡口，顶部突块4412卡入挡块滑槽524内；挡块突出部522卡入卡口滑槽534内，此时，刀片3从刀片出口18伸出一小段。用户可以根据需要在驱动件44底部进一步发力，再次将刀片3推出，使得滑块52从第一挡块卡口滑出卡入第二挡块卡口或者第三挡块卡口，此时，刀片3从刀片出口18伸出较长的一段。滑块52卡入的挡位卡口不同，与之对应的刀片3伸出长度也各不相同。
由于挡位卡口53与第一驱动板通孔444皆为第一驱动板44的一部分，因此滑块52相对于第一驱动板441的滑动距离与驱动轴销446在两个驱动板通孔444、445中的滑动距离成正比例。由于驱动轴销446通过第二杠杆46推动刀架2，因此，驱动轴销446在两个驱动板通孔444、445中朝向刀片出口18方向滑动的距离与刀架2朝向刀片出口18方向移动的距离成正比例。又因为刀片3伸出在刀具壳体1外的长度与刀架2朝向刀片出口18方向移动的距离成正比例，所以刀片3伸出在刀具壳体1外的长度与滑块52相对于第一驱动板44的滑动距离成正比例。用户可以通过控制滑块52在挡位卡口53或第一驱动板44顶部的位置来控制刀片3在刀具壳体1外的伸出长度。
若用户在驱动件44底部发力减小，滑块52从第三挡块卡口滑动至第二挡块卡口，或者从第二挡块卡口滑动至第一挡块卡口。总之，用户可以根据在驱动件44底部发力的大小来自行调整刀片3从刀片出口18伸出的长度，简单方便。当滑块52落入某一挡块卡口53时，刀架2处于相对稳定状态，只要用户发力大小不变，刀片3的伸出长度短时间内保持不变。当用户手部脱离驱动件44底部时，刀片3完全缩回至刀具壳体1的腔体13内部，确保使用后不会有安全隐患。
如图5、图13所示，伸出量控制装置5还包括挡位孔112及挡位杆511。挡位孔112贯穿第一壳体11侧壁，与锁片51相对设置。挡位杆551突出于锁片51朝向第一壳体11一侧的表面，在挡位孔112内滑动。挡位杆511与滑块52相对设置于锁片51的两侧，挡位杆511的位置与滑块52的位置一致。如图9所示，伸出量控制装置5还包括锁纽54，设于第一壳体11外部，固定至锁片51或挡位杆511。锁片51与挡块52为一体化结构，锁片51的运动轨迹与挡块52是完全一致的，锁纽54固定至锁片51和/或挡位杆511，优选锁纽54通过一螺钉固定至锁片51，因此锁纽54的运动轨迹与挡块52也是一致的。用户可以根据锁纽54所在位置精准控制刀片3的伸出长度。
如图14所示，伸出量控制装置5还包括挡位标识55和示数箭头541，挡位标识55设于第一壳体11外表面，对应挡位孔112，设于挡位孔112旁；本实施例中，挡位孔112优选直线形，挡位标识55标识在挡位孔112旁，用以标识滑块52的位置。示数箭头541设于挡位杆511或锁纽54表面，对应任一挡位标识。示数箭头541与挡位标识55相配合，用以表示挡位杆511在挡位孔112中的位置。挡位杆511在挡位孔112中的位置即可对应滑块52在挡位卡口53或第一驱动板44顶部的位置。由于滑块52设于刀具壳体1内部，在刀具壳体1外是不可见的，因此，用户只需控制挡位杆511在挡位孔112中的位置即可控制刀片3在刀具壳体1外的伸出长度。
当滑块52位于第一驱动板441的顶部时，示数箭头541指向刻度0（本实施例用锁形符号表示），刀片3缩回至刀具壳体1内；当滑块52位于第一挡块卡口时，示数箭头541指向刻度1，刀片3前端少量伸出至刀具壳体1外；当滑块52位于第二挡块卡口时，示数箭头541指向刻度2，刀片3较多地伸出至刀具壳体1外；当滑块52位于第三挡块卡口时，示数箭头541指向刻度3，刀片3大部分伸出至刀具壳体1外。在本实施例的使用过程中，用户可以参考示数箭头541指向的具体刻度，根据需要精准控制刀片3的伸出长度。
本实施例的有益效果在于，提供一种可伸缩刀具，其刀片在使用过程中可以自由伸缩，便于用户根据实际需要在使用状态下调整刀片长度，操作简单、使用方便，用户体验较好；本实施例在使用后刀片可以自动收回至手持部，提高刀具安全性能，而且结构稳定，使用寿命较长。
实施例2
实施例1的不足之处在于，虽然刀片伸缩控制装置5结构比较稳定，使用寿命较长，但刀片3本身是一种易损耗部件，长期使用后可能会发生氧化、生锈的现象，或者会因为用户使用不当发生损毁。
为解决上述问题，本实施例提供一种伸缩式刀具，包括实施例1的全部技术特征，还包括如下文所示的各项特征。
如图15～16所示，刀片卡槽21包括第一刀片挡板211与第二刀片挡板212，第一刀片挡板211为L形，与刀片3的中部及后端相对设置；第二刀片挡板212为L形，与刀片3前端相对设置；第一刀片挡板211与第二刀片挡板212分别设于刀片3两侧；刀片锁紧块22设于第一刀片挡板211内侧表面，用以锁住刀片3，防止刀片3在刀片卡槽21内发生滑动。
如图15和图17所示，可伸缩刀具还包括换刀装置6，用以从刀架2上拆卸刀片3，或者，用以安装刀片3至刀架2。
换刀装置6包括换刀按钮安装孔61、换刀按钮62、换刀垫片63及换刀弹性件64。换刀按钮安装孔61设于第一壳体11前端，且贯穿第一壳体11；换刀按钮62安装至换刀按钮安装孔61内；换刀垫片63固定至第一壳体11内表面，且与刀片3的前端相对设置；换刀弹性件64（优选螺旋弹簧）一端连接至换刀按钮62，其另一端连接至换刀垫片63。换刀按钮安装孔61内侧壁设有按钮滑槽611；换刀按钮62外侧壁设有突出的按钮滑块621，卡入至按钮滑槽611；本实施例优选两个相对设置的按钮滑块621和两个相对设置的按钮滑槽611。
当换刀按钮62被按压时，按钮滑块621在按钮滑槽611内滑动，换刀垫片63推动刀片3前端。由于第一刀片挡板211与第二刀片挡板212彼此错开以卡住刀片3，当刀片3受到垂直于刀片表面的推力时，刀片3前端会发生横向偏转，刀片3中部及后端也会发生横向偏转，从而使得刀片3可以从刀架2中脱离，同理，可以利用换刀装置6将备用刀片安装至刀架2中。
本实施例的有益效果在于，刀片3与刀架2可以分离，便于用户拆卸和更换刀片，可以进一步延长伸缩式刀具整体的使用寿命。该方案的不足之处在于，备用刀片与伸缩式刀具分别放置，可能会造成备用刀片的遗失，为了解决这一问题，进一步地，本实施例还提供如下技术方案。
如图15、图19～20所示，本实施例还可以包括刀库7以及备用刀片71，安装于刀具壳体1的腔体13内，刀库7固定至刀架2，备用刀片71被放置于刀架2内。
刀架2朝向第一壳体11的侧面设有两根彼此平行的直线形导轨41，另一侧面可安装刀库7。具体地说，刀库7靠近刀架2一侧的表面设有两个突出的螺孔结构72，刀架2设有两个与螺孔结构对应的刀架通孔23，两个螺钉穿过刀架通孔23固定至螺孔结构72，从而将刀库7与刀架2固定连接。刀库7内部形成刀库空腔73，用以安放一个或多个备用刀片71。刀库7顶部设有一刀库开口74，刀库开口74处安装有一刀库盖板75，防止在刀具使用中备用刀片71滑落。刀库7包括第一刀库侧壁76和第二刀库侧壁77，第一刀库侧壁76中部设有一刀库弹片78，向刀库7内侧弯折，用以将备用刀片71抵在第二刀库侧壁77内侧，利用第二刀库侧壁77与备用刀片71之间的摩擦力使得备用刀片71不会滑出刀库7。第二刀库侧壁77中部设有侧壁缺口79，便于用户用手指将备用刀片71从刀库7中取出。
本实施例中，刀库盖板75通过一螺钉固定至盖体8。当用户在盖体8两侧同时向内按压时，第一盖体板81和第二盖体板82会向内侧发生形变，使得第一卡扣83脱离第一壳体卡槽14，同时第二卡扣84脱离第二壳体卡槽15，从而使得盖体8得以与第一壳体11、第二壳体12分离，由于刀库盖板75固定至盖体8，刀库盖板75也会与刀库开口74分离，从而可以将备用刀片71取出。备用刀片71取出后，再将盖体8重新安装至刀具壳体1。在此之后，用户按压换刀按钮62，将刀架2中的刀片3取出，将备用刀片安装至刀架2中。
本实施例的有益效果在于，提供一种可伸缩刀具，其刀片在使用过程中可以自由伸缩，便于用户根据实际需要在使用状态下调整刀片长度，操作简单、使用方便，在使用后刀片可以自动收回至手持部，提高刀具安全性能。本实施例的刀片可以更换，拆卸及安装刀片简单方便，使用寿命较长。
实施例3
实施例1、2的不足之处在于，刀具在非使用状态下，如果用户无意中碰触驱动件44底部，刀片3前端就会伸出，暴露在刀具壳体1外部，具有一定的安全风险。
为解决上述问题，本实施例提供一种伸缩式刀具，包括实施例1或2的全部技术特征，还包括如下文所示的各项特征。
如图21所示，本实施例还包括刀鞘9，可拆卸式连接至刀具壳体1；在刀鞘9连接至刀具壳体1状态下，刀鞘9与刀片出口18相对设置。
如图22所示，刀鞘9包括刀鞘本体91、刀鞘开口92以及刀鞘卡条93。刀鞘本体91内部设有刀鞘腔体94；刀鞘开口92设于刀鞘本体91表面，刀具壳体1由该刀鞘开口92进出刀鞘腔体94；刀鞘卡条93为直线形，突出于刀鞘本体91内侧表面，用以卡合至刀具壳体1外表面。当刀具壳体1进入至刀鞘腔体94内部一定深度时，即达到刀鞘卡条93上的过盈位置后，刀具壳体1被刀鞘卡条93预紧力锁住，使刀具壳体1在受到向外拉下小于超预紧力状态下不脱离刀鞘9。当刀具壳体1受到向外拉出的拉力大于预紧力时，刀具壳体1会脱离刀鞘9。在非使用状态下，只要用户将刀鞘9安装至刀具壳体1，就不会因误触驱动件44导致刀片3前端伸出，安全性较好。刀鞘9还包括挂件孔95，设置于刀鞘本体91外表面，用以在某处悬挂刀鞘9。
为了使所述伸缩式刀具便于携带，本实施例还可以包括刀鞘夹具10，可转动式和/或可拆卸式连接至刀鞘9，本实施例中优选刀鞘夹具10可转动式且可拆卸式连接至刀鞘9。
如图23所示，刀鞘夹具10包括第一夹板101、第二夹板102、夹板轴销103以及夹板扭簧104。第二夹板102与第一夹板101相对设置；第一夹板101通过夹板轴销103铰接至第二夹板102；夹板扭簧104套设于夹板轴销103外部，其包括两个支撑端105，分别支撑第一夹板101和第二夹板102。第一夹板101、第二夹板102组成夹具可以将刀具被夹在用户的腰带上，便于携带。
如图24所示，刀鞘夹具10还包括夹具外套106、外套开口107、外套通孔108及两个以上外套滑动齿109。夹具外套106设于刀鞘夹具10表面，与刀鞘夹具10表面形成外套空腔；本实施例优选设于第一夹板101表面，夹具外套106与第一夹板101表面形成外套空腔；外套开口107设于夹具外套106一端；外套通孔108贯穿夹具外套106，靠近且连通至外套开口107；外套滑动齿104突出于且均匀分布于外套通孔106内侧壁，任意两个相邻外套滑动齿109之间形成外套滑动齿槽110。
如图23、图25～26所示，刀鞘9包括刀鞘卡环96，突出于刀鞘9外表面，其为圆环形；刀鞘卡环96可以有一个或两个，与刀鞘本体91设置为一体，突出于刀鞘9一侧或两侧表面。本实施例优选两个，便于用户将刀鞘夹具10安装在刀鞘9的任一侧面上，使得刀鞘夹具10安装更加灵活。
刀鞘卡环96包括卡环底座961，其朝向刀鞘9的一侧设有卡环本体962，其另一侧设有突出的卡环挡块963，卡入至外套通孔108，卡环挡块963为半圆环形，其内径、外径与卡环本体962的圆环一致。卡环底座961、卡环本体962及卡环挡块963设置为一体。卡环本体962的侧壁设有滑动齿开口964，用以安装弹性卡圈97；刀鞘卡环96中心处设有卡塞安装柱965，突出于刀鞘9外表面，用以安装弹性卡塞98。
如图23～26所示，本实施例所述可伸缩刀具还包括弹性卡圈97，安装至刀鞘卡环96内。弹性卡圈97具体包括卡圈滑动齿971及卡圈开口972，卡圈滑动齿971突出于弹性卡圈97外侧壁，穿过滑动齿开口961卡合至任一外套滑动齿槽110；卡圈开口972设于弹性卡圈97的侧壁，弹性卡圈97在卡圈开口972处断开，弹性卡圈97可以发生微小的形变，其直径可以略作调整。当刀鞘9与刀鞘夹具10相对固定时，卡圈滑动齿971卡合至某一外套滑动齿槽110内。弹性卡圈97为金属材质制成的环形薄片，在卡圈开口972处断开，弹性卡圈97可以发生微小形变，当用户双手分别在刀鞘9与刀鞘夹具10上发力，且使得刀鞘9与刀鞘夹具10发生相对转动时，卡圈滑动齿971会从一个外套滑动齿槽110滑动到另一个外套滑动齿槽110，滑动过程中会发出有节奏的声音。
如图23～26所示，本实施例所述可伸缩刀具还包括弹性卡塞98，安装至刀鞘卡环96内，弹性卡塞98包括卡塞底座981及卡塞套管982。卡塞底座981设于外套空腔108内，卡塞套管982突出于卡塞底座981中部，套设于卡塞安装柱91的外部，用于将刀鞘卡环96、弹性卡圈97安装至外套通孔108，弹性卡塞98固定至刀鞘卡环96，使得弹性卡圈97不会脱离刀鞘9。弹性卡塞98被拔下后，可以将刀鞘夹具10与刀鞘9分离，用户可以根据需要自行选择将刀鞘夹具10安装在刀鞘的某一侧面上。
本实施例的有益效果在于，提供一种可伸缩刀具，其刀片在使用过程中可以自由伸缩，便于用户根据实际需要在使用状态下调整刀片长度，操作简单、使用方便，在使用后刀片可以自动收回至手持部，提高刀具安全性能。本实施例还设有刀鞘，进一步降低误操作的安全风险；本实施例还设有可旋转、可拆卸的刀鞘夹具，操作灵活、组装方便，使刀具更加便于携带。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种可伸缩刀具，包括：
    刀具壳体，其内部形成腔体；
    刀片出口，贯穿所述刀具壳体 前端 ，且连通至所述腔体；
    其特征在于，包括：
    刀架，在所述 刀具壳体 内被移动或被锁定；
    刀片，装配至所述刀架，与所述刀片出口相对设置；当所述刀架被移动时，所述刀片前端通过所述刀片出口伸出至所述 刀具壳体 外或缩回至所述 刀具壳体 内；
    刀 架移动 装置， 用以 在所述刀具壳体内移动所述 刀架 ； 以及
    伸出量控制装置，用以控制所述刀片在所述刀具壳体外的伸出长度 。
  2. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述刀具壳体包括
    第一壳体，设有第一壳体卡槽；
    第二壳体，设有第二壳体卡槽，所述第二壳体与所述第一壳体相对设置； 以及
    盖体，可拆卸式连接至所述第一壳体和 / 或所述第二壳体；所述盖体包括
    第一盖体板，其底部设有突出的第一卡扣，卡合至所述第一壳体卡槽；以及
    第二盖体板，与所述第一盖体板相对设置，所述第二盖体板底部设有突出的第二卡扣，卡合至所述第二壳体卡槽。
  3. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述刀 架移动 装置包括
    两根彼此平行的直线形导轨，突出于 所述 刀架的一侧面；
    导轨空隙，形成于两根导轨之间；以及
    壳体滑块，突出于所述刀具壳体
    朝向所述刀架的内
    侧壁，且卡入至所述导轨空隙；
    当所述刀架被移动时，所述
    壳体滑块
    与所述两根导轨发生相对滑动。
  4. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述刀 架移动 装置包括
    驱动件，其一端铰接至所述刀具壳体，其另一端包括
    第一驱动板，设有第一驱动板通孔；
    第二驱动板，设有 第二驱动板通孔，所述第二驱动板通孔与所述第一驱动板通孔相对设置；
    驱动轴销，其一端可滑动式安装至所述第一驱动板通孔内，其另一端可滑动式安装至所述第二驱动板通孔内； 以及
    驱动底板，用以连接所述第一驱动板及所述第二驱动板。
  5. 如权利要求 4 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述刀 架移动 装置包括
    第一杠杆，其一端铰接至所述刀具壳体，其另一端可转动式安装至所述驱动轴销；
    第二杠杆，其一端铰接至所述刀架，其另一端可转动式安装至所述驱动轴销； 以及
    弹性件，其一端连接至所述刀具壳体，其另一端连接至所述刀架。
  6. 如权利要求 5 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，
    当所述驱动底板受力时，所述驱动轴销被所述第一杠杆推动，在所述第一驱动板通孔、所述第二驱动板通孔内滑动；所述刀架被所述第二杠杆推动朝所述刀片出口方向移动，所述弹性件发生弹性形变； 所述刀片伸出在所述 刀具壳体 外的长度与所述刀架朝向所述 刀片出口 方向移动的距离成正比例；
    当所述驱动底板失力时，所述弹性件恢复原形，推动所述刀架 朝向 远离所述刀片出口方向移动。
  7. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，
    所述伸出量控制装置包括
    锁片，在第一壳体内侧壁的锁片滑槽内滑动；
    挡块，突出于所述锁片朝向 驱动件 一侧的表面；以及
    至少一挡位卡口，设于 第一驱动板 边缘处；当所述驱动底板受力后，所述挡块可卡合至任一挡位卡口。
  8. 如权利要求 7 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，
    当所述刀架被移动时， 所述挡块在 第一驱动板 顶部或任一挡位卡口内滑动； 所述刀片伸出在所述 刀具壳体 外的长度与所述 挡块 的滑动距离成正比例；
    当所述刀架被锁定时， 所述挡块可选择地卡合至任一挡位卡口，或者，与 第一驱动板顶部 相离或相切；
    所述刀片伸出在所述 刀具壳体 外的长度与所述 挡块 的位置相对应 。
  9. 如权利要求 7 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，
    所述挡块包括一体成型的
    条形部，其截面为平行四边形；
    挡块突出部，突出于所述条形部底面，其截面的两个底角为圆角；以及
    弓形部，其截面为弓形，其底面连接至所述条形部侧面；
    其中，所述挡块突出部与所述锁片之间形成挡块滑槽。
  10. 如权利要求 7 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，
    所述挡块卡口包括
    卡口侧壁，设于 所述挡块卡口的一侧；
    卡口突出部，突出于 所述挡块卡口的另一侧；
    卡口突块，突出于所述挡位卡口底面，设于所述卡口侧壁与所述卡口突出部之间，其为直线形；以及
    卡口滑槽，形成于所述挡位卡口底面，位于所述卡口突块一侧或两侧；
    或者，
    所述挡块卡口包括
    卡口侧壁，设于 所述挡块卡口的一侧；
    弧形凹槽，设于所述挡块卡口的另一侧，且对应弓形部。
  11. 如权利要求 7 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，
    所述伸出量控制装置还包括
    挡位孔，贯穿第一壳体侧壁，与所述锁片相对设置；
    挡位杆，突出于所述锁片朝向第一壳体一侧的表面，在所述挡位孔内滑动；
    锁纽，设于所述第一壳体外部，连接至所述挡位杆；以及
    档位标识，设于所述第一壳体外表面，对应所述挡位孔。
  12. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，还包括
    刀片卡槽，设于所述刀架上部，其形状与所述刀片对应；
    刀片卡口，设于所述刀片的刀脊处；以及
    刀片锁紧块，突出于所述 刀片卡槽内表面，且 卡合至所述刀片卡口。
  13. 如权利要求 12 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述 刀片卡槽包括
    第一刀片挡板，其为 L 形，与所述刀片中部及后端相对设置；
    第二刀片挡板，其为 L 形，与所述刀片前端相对设置；
    其中，所述第一刀片挡板与所述第二刀片挡板分别设于所述刀片两侧；
    所述刀片锁紧块突出于所述 第一刀片挡板内侧表面。
  14. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，还包括
    换刀装置，用以从所述刀架上拆卸所述刀片，或者，用以安装所述刀片至所述刀架。
  15. 如权利要求 14 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，
    所述换刀装置包括：
    换刀按钮安装孔，设于第一壳体前端，且贯穿所述第一壳体；所述换刀按钮安装孔内侧壁设有按钮滑槽；
    换刀按钮，安装至所述换刀按钮安装孔内；所述换刀按钮外侧壁设有突出的按钮滑块，卡入至所述按钮滑槽；
    换刀垫片，固定至所述第一壳体内表面，且与所述刀片前端相对设置；以及
    换刀弹性件，其一端连接至所述换刀按钮，其另一端连接至所述换刀垫片；
    当所述换刀按钮被按压时，所述按钮滑块在所述按钮滑槽内滑动，所述换刀垫片推动所述刀片前端。
  16. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，还包括
    刀库，固定至所述刀架；以及
    备用刀片，被放置于所述刀库内。
  17. 如权利要求 16 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述刀库包括
    第一刀库侧壁；
    第二刀库侧壁，与所述第一刀库侧壁相对设置；
    刀库开口，设于所述刀库顶部；
    刀库弹片，设于所述第一刀库侧壁内侧，且向所述刀库内侧弯折；
    侧壁缺口，贯穿所述第二刀库侧壁；以及
    刀库盖板，安装至所述刀库开口，且连接至盖体。
  18. 如权利要求 1 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，还包括
    刀鞘，可拆卸式连接至所述刀具壳体；所述刀鞘与所述刀片出口相对设置。
  19. 如权利要求 18 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述刀鞘包括
    刀鞘本体，其内设有刀鞘腔体；
    刀鞘开口，设于所述刀鞘本体表面，所述刀具壳体由该刀鞘开口进出所述刀鞘腔体；以及
    刀鞘卡条，突出于所述刀鞘本体内表面，用以卡合至所述刀具壳体外表面。
  20. 如权利要求 18 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，还包括
    刀鞘夹具，可转动式和 / 或可拆卸式连接至所述刀鞘。
  21. 如权利要求 20 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，所述刀鞘夹具包括
    第一夹板，
    第二夹板，与所述第一夹板相对设置；
    夹板轴销，所述第一夹板通过所述夹板轴销铰接至所述第二夹板；
    夹板扭簧，套设于所述夹板轴销，其包括两个支撑端，分别支撑所述第一夹板和所述第二夹板；
    夹具外套，设于所述刀鞘夹具表面，与所述刀鞘夹具表面形成外套空腔；
    外套开口，设于所述夹具外套一端；
    外套通孔，贯穿所述夹具外套，靠近且连通至所述外套开口；以及
    两个以上外套滑动齿，突出于且均匀分布于所述外套通孔内侧壁，任意两个相邻外套滑动齿之间形成外套滑动齿槽。
  22. 如权利要求 18 所述的可伸缩刀具，其特征在于，还包括
    刀鞘卡环；
    弹性卡圈，被装配至刀鞘卡环内；以及
    弹性卡塞，被装配至刀鞘卡环内；
    所述刀鞘卡环包括
    卡环本体，突出于所述刀鞘表面；
    卡环底座，设于所述卡环本体顶部；
    卡环挡块，突出于所述卡环底座；
    滑动齿开口，贯穿所述卡环本体侧壁；以及
    卡塞安装柱，突出于所述刀鞘表面，且设于所述刀鞘卡环中心处；
    所述弹性卡圈包括
    卡圈滑动齿，突出于所述弹性卡圈外侧壁，穿过滑动齿开口卡合至任一外套滑动齿槽；以及
    卡圈开口，设于所述弹性卡圈侧壁，所述弹性卡圈在所述卡圈开口处断开；
    所述弹性卡塞包括
    卡塞底座，设于外套空腔内；以及
    卡塞套管，突出于所述卡塞底座，套设于卡塞安装柱外部。
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