WO2019009570A1 - Système d'extinction d'incendie de tunnel et de contrôle de fumée - Google Patents

Système d'extinction d'incendie de tunnel et de contrôle de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019009570A1
WO2019009570A1 PCT/KR2018/007421 KR2018007421W WO2019009570A1 WO 2019009570 A1 WO2019009570 A1 WO 2019009570A1 KR 2018007421 W KR2018007421 W KR 2018007421W WO 2019009570 A1 WO2019009570 A1 WO 2019009570A1
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Prior art keywords
smoke
water
fire
ventilation
toxic gas
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PCT/KR2018/007421
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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김성우
김명아
김명민
Original Assignee
김성우
김명아
김명민
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Publication of WO2019009570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019009570A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0221—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires for tunnels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/08—Water curtains
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/03—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing adjustable, e.g. from spray to jet or vice versa
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
    • B01D47/022—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath by using a liquid curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system, and more particularly, to a system for removing and suppressing fire smoke and toxic gases when a fire occurs in some closed spaces such as various tunnels, underground parking lots, .
  • ventilation is used without a clear distinction between societies, such as government agencies and various media organizations, and most of the general public about “ventilation” can be misunderstood as thinking "to remove the smoke.”
  • Tunnels are defined as passages that penetrate mountains and ground at a certain depth in order to pass through roads, railways, and subways.
  • a fire occurs in a partially enclosed space such as various tunnels, underground parking lots, A large amount of fire combustion gas (smoke and toxic gas) moving to a long distance irrespective of the flame causes a lot of human injury.
  • the length of the platform is about 200 meters. Considering that the smoke velocity is horizontal from 0.5 meters per second to 1 meter per second, hot toxic gas and heat are diffused within 3 minutes and 30 seconds.
  • tunnel internally has a long and isolated spatial characteristic, which is structurally limited to the entrance and exit, the smoke, heat and toxic gas generated from the fire seriously affects the safety of the respirator of tunnel users and rescue personnel and firefighters. And leads to a major human casualty.
  • the structure of the smoke ventilation system according to the prior art proposed for the preparation of a fire is a simple chimney form and a plurality of vertical holes (chimneys) (Smoke control), exhaust flue (Exhaust smoke) and Tunnel Jet Fan which runs in the direction of the vehicle in accordance with the location of the fire. (Smoke, ventilation, and smoke ventilation) to the outside of the tunnel using an electric fan, and simply acts as a chimney.
  • Flammable materials that burn during a fire emit the maximum amount of heat available and generate a large amount of combustion gases and the amount of heat generated and the amount of heat released are determined by the size and number of ventilation openings , The number of chimneys) determines how the fire will proceed within the space.
  • the heat dissipation rate that is emitted from the flash-over state of the LED may be 10,000 kW or more.
  • fire heat heat, radiant heat, heat-reflective insulation, heat-reflective insulation
  • heat-reflective insulation heat-reflective insulation
  • the smoke generated at the point of fire in the tunnel fire is buoyant by the volume expansion due to heat and reaches to the ceiling surface and the pressure of the smoke gathered on the ceiling gradually increases by the heat and the smoke coming from the bottom to the top continuously,
  • the smoke spreads rapidly and rapidly according to the environmental conditions and spreads to a considerable distance of 5 to 10 times the diameter of the tunnel.
  • smoke, toxic gas, ultrafine dust, soot, soot The heat is trapped inside a long tunnel and gradually forms a thick smoke layer, so that it can not be easily discharged to the outside.
  • the composition of the air consists of approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 99%, and the remaining approximately 1% of other argon, carbon dioxide and water vapor. In the case of general combustibles, Decreases from 21% to less than 15%, it is the minimum oxygen concentration limit for combustion.
  • tunnels are structurally characterized by long isolated spaces where the passages to the outside are confined to the entrance and exit, high-temperature smoke including these high and toxic gases can be absorbed by heat, radiant heat, heat- reflective insulation leads to large - scale disasters such as destruction of facilities and collapse of tunnels, resulting in the destruction of national infrastructure such as traffic accidents, traffic, electricity, communication, distribution, patient paralysis,
  • Tunnels equipped with various ventilation devices have been proposed and used to control the spread of heat and smoke.
  • the risk of smoke or poisonous gas at high temperature causing a respiratory burn by heating There are limitations that can not be completely eliminated, which can be seen through the ongoing large-scale fire accident.
  • the enclosed underground parking lot is a core part of the urban infrastructure.
  • ventilation system for ventilation of internal combustion engine exhausted from vehicles and toxic gas in case of fire is mainly used as a duct type ventilation system, A small jet fan ventilation system is installed.
  • the structure is low in height, and the four sides are blocked, once the fire occurs, heat-reflective insulation due to incomplete combustion and smoke- It interferes with the cooling of the air and keeps the high temperature, which greatly weakens the strength of the concrete underground structure, and there is a threat factor leading to the collapse of the building.
  • the heat generated in a fire is one of the combustible materials which not only has the greatest influence on the spread of the fire but also causes burns, dehydration, heat exhaustion and damages to human respiratory organs. Cause.
  • Heat energy from fire is a risk factor for those directly exposed to fire, but the biggest cause of death in fire is suffocation death due to smoke and toxic gas.
  • Firefighters are also required to fire smoke (smoke, smoke, ventilation) before they arrive at the scene of the fire. Therefore, it is very difficult for people to smoke and extinguish.
  • the heat is cooled, the volume of the smoke and toxic gas is cooled and shrunk, and the concentration becomes thick.
  • the highly concentrated toxic gas falls downward and spreads to a wide range.
  • Smoke generated in a fire includes anesthetic (asphyxiant) gas and irritant.
  • Anesthetic or stimulant gas is a burning substance that causes central nervous system weakness, leading to loss of consciousness, poisoning, loss of consciousness, and death.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • HN hydrogen cyanide
  • HCI hydrogen chloride
  • COCI 2 phosgene
  • the irritating substances contained in the smoke are fatal substances causing respiratory disorders (lung stimulants) and inflammation of the eyes, respiratory tract, skin (sensory stimulant).
  • smoke may contain many substances that can be considered fatal irritants.
  • the most common hazard contained in smoke is carbon monoxide (CO).
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • Carbon monoxide is not the most dangerous substance found in smoke, but it is almost always present when a combustion reaction occurs.
  • the disaster prevention system installed in the tunnel has a smoke ventilation system which is installed in a tunnel such as a Tunnel Ventilation Jet Fan, a duct, a vertical hole (chimney) and the like for the purpose of exhausting smoke during a fire.
  • a ventilation system including a smoke ventilation system, a tunnel air curtain for blocking smoke and toxic gases, a sprinkler for fire suppression, and a tunnel sprayer. do.
  • the disaster prevention system installed in the underground parking lot includes a ventilation system including a ventilation jet fan, a smoke ventilation system (duct), a sprinkler and a water spraying facility (Sprinkler System & Water Mist System).
  • a ventilation system including a ventilation jet fan, a smoke ventilation system (duct), a sprinkler and a water spraying facility (Sprinkler System & Water Mist System).
  • “Smoke” referred to in the present invention means to "remove” smoke and toxic gas, and it is also possible to use “smell” in Chinese meaning " Smoke Removal ".
  • the object of the present invention is to prevent fire spread by removing toxic gases, heat, radiant heat, heat-reflective insulation, and heat-reflective insulation at high temperatures.
  • a blocking wall such as a curtain with a water film to block the smoke and toxic gas flow diffusion and remove (smoke, smoke).
  • fire suppression system which is more rapid fire suppression system (N 2 ), which contains more than 78% in fire smoke and heat (heat, radiant heat, - Reflective insulation is a new technology to recycle (ie, the new concept of recycling fire smoke is a new technology to provide faster fire suppression.
  • the composition of the air consists of approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 99%, and the remaining approximately 1% of other argon, carbon dioxide and water vapor. In the case of general combustibles, Decreases from 21% to less than 15%, it is the minimum oxygen concentration limit for combustion.
  • a mixed gas of bubbles with nitrogen gas which is an inert gas of 78% or more in the smoke, It covers the surface of the fire to prevent contact between combustible steam and oxygen, and it can shorten the time to suppress the fire by blocking the surface of the combustion surface with nitrogen gas bubbles.
  • the nitrogen gas containing the bubbles and the cooling and extinguishing effect due to the bubbly moisture in the foam gas and the nitrogen gas contained in the foam gas is faster than the conventional method in which the foaming agent is used to generate only foam, You can expect.
  • N2 gas which is an inert gas in the conventional fire suppression technology
  • several charged nitrogen cylinders high-pressure tanks
  • water through an ultrasonic device, But it does not have the function or technology to remove smoke, toxic gas, and heat (smoke removal).
  • the present invention sucks and recycles the heat contained in the fire smoke and the nitrogen gas (N2) of about 78% into the body of the developed product without any special apparatus or equipment,
  • N2 nitrogen gas
  • Fire smoke is a substance generated when combustible substances are burned, and it is a kind of substance which is various kinds of super-fine dusts, solid particles, carbon particles, various droplet particles such as liquid tar, gaseous molecules free steam and various toxic gases, % Of nitrogen gas (N2) and oxygen with very low concentration, which can be defined as a complex mixture that floats and diffuses in the air.
  • N2 nitrogen gas
  • the tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system does not discharge light and hot smoke and toxic gas rising from the tunnel fire to the outside of the tunnel to the atmosphere but mixes with water to be sucked into the main body,
  • the toxic gas is dissolved in water and diluted to be removed and the solid particulate soot, soot and ultrafine dust (combustion particles) are physically adsorbed in water to remove the toxicity,
  • Most of the toxic gases in the gaseous phase remaining in the smoke are very soluble in water and dissolve in water.
  • the remaining molecular heat and nitrogen gas (N 2 ) on the gas phase are recycled and mixed with water, and the water vapor + nitrogen gas (N 2 ) or water + nitrogen gas (N 2 ) As shown in FIG. This is because the oxygen is lowered, diluted and blocked at the time of fire combustion to suffocate the fine particles, and the water is finely sprayed to promote the cooling action, thereby inducing the quickening of the suffocation and cooling, and the water absorbs the most heat while evaporating, (Fire, smoke, and smoke removal) at the same time.
  • the tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system is a fire suppression and smoke suppression system for a tunnel in which, when water to be injected by high heat is water vapor, the volume of the tunnel is controlled by the heat of the smoke (radiant heat, heat reflection by heat insulation, The expansion of this volume causes the water jetted from the nozzle to vaporize, leading to the jetting speed, and the very fast speed is due to the swelling of the body
  • the suction force of the smoke and toxic gas is greatly amplified and the smoke and toxic gas is mixed with the water (water vapor) to increase the efficiency, thereby eliminating the toxicity (smoke, Smoke Removal.
  • the water vapor (water) is mixed with 78% of nitrogen gas in the smoke and is sprayed to the paint.
  • the water vapor and the nitrogen reduce the oxygen concentration of 21% in the air supplied to the paint from 12% to 15% , It is possible to block (fire-fighting and digesting) the fire to suppress the large fire quickly.
  • the space of about 142 m3 (80 l) at 100 ⁇ at one minute is filled with water vapor means that under the same conditions of 1 atm and 100 ⁇ , a conventional technology sprinkler or water spraying facility is placed in a space of about 30 m3 for 1 minute
  • the fire-smothering effect of diluting, lowering and shutting off the oxygen supplied to the furnace from the outside to 15% or less can be sufficiently increased by the steam alone, and the steam containing the nitrogen gas in the smoke can be sprayed Significantly improved, Group may be removed.
  • the volume expansion rate of water vapor increases to 2,400 to 4,200 times. Therefore, the injection speed is further increased and the suction force can be automatically amplified. By sucking in gas, evaporating water and absorbing the most heat, it is possible to remove the fire heat more quickly and expect a great cooling effect.
  • the water vapor injected is gradually reduced.
  • the smoke temperature is 100 ° C or less, 78% of nitrogen gas and water are mixed and sprayed with fine water to quench the remaining fire (quench fire) to quench the fire more quickly than in the prior art.
  • nitrogen (inert gas) of 78% or more present in smoke and water vapor (water) generated by spraying fine water are mixed with MOC (Minimum Oxygen for Combustion, ) Is rapidly reduced, and the concentration of oxygen of 21% in the air supplied from the outside to the paint is diluted to 12% to 15% or less (fire-extinguishing), thereby suppressing the fire quickly.
  • MOC Minimum Oxygen for Combustion
  • the present invention it is possible to remove smoke, toxic gas, ultrafine dust, soot, soot and heat to remove high temperature smoke inhalation images, ocular functions and respiratory effects due to toxic gases, skin, brain, heart, lung, kidney, It minimizes the damage of long-term follow-up trouble of the human body such as infection and can prevent asphyxia death due to smoke and hot toxic gas.
  • an internal safety by evacuation in case of fire and an evacuee (big pizza) can secure a sufficient evacuation time, secure visibility, It is possible to maximize the efficiency of rescue and fire suppression and to improve the respiratory safety and mission environment of firefighters and rescue workers.
  • concrete retains its initial strength until it reaches 350 ° C, but at a temperature above 600 ° C, it declines to 50% of initial strength, and when it reaches 800 ° C, explosive peeling occurs There is a danger.
  • the present invention it is possible to prevent air pollution due to the effect of fire evolution and smoke removal (smoke removal) compared to the tunnel jet fan, sprinkler and water spraying apparatus according to the prior art, , Installation, management and operation costs.
  • the ventilation jet spray fan can be used with the same ventilation function as a normal jet fan (a jet fan for ventilating the flow of air in a lateral direction in a ceiling inside a tunnel) at normal times, (Suction) Suction (intake) is sucked up to the air, smoke and toxic gas collected on the top floor of the ceiling and the air, smoke and toxic gas layer moving on the ceiling middle floor because the suction port have.
  • a normal jet fan a jet fan for ventilating the flow of air in a lateral direction in a ceiling inside a tunnel
  • the phenomenon of thermal layering of gases is a tendency of the gas to form a layer depending on the temperature.
  • the gas with the highest temperature collects on the top layer, while the gas on the lower layer collects the cooler gas.
  • the side inlet sucks up the toxic gas at the top of the ceiling
  • Mouth absorbs all the poisonous gas and temperature of the upper middle layer of the ceiling up to the poisonous gas of middle height which is moving, and overcomes the thermal balance phenomenon and stratification phenomenon of various toxic gases forming the layer according to the temperature, It is possible to suck various toxic gases from all the temperature layers from a high temperature to a low temperature through two inlets (intake ports) below (smoke removal, smoke removal, smoke removal).
  • the same function as that of a conventional jet fan in the conventional art is used as a ventilation system using two suction ports (inlet ports) on the side of the main body and below, and at the same time, , Diesel particulate (Diesel particulate), etc., and physically adsorbed on the injected water and removed, so that the air inside the tunnel can be purified by a tunnel air purification.
  • Diesel particulate Diesel particulate
  • the ventilation system of the present invention is a ventilation system for the same purpose as a conventional jet fan of the prior art, and can be used without spraying water. Purification can be done, smoke can be smoked, smoke evacuation can be done, and faster evolutions can be done (Fire Evolution, Nitrogen in smoke).
  • the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus of the present invention may be replaced with a tunnel curtain air curtain (tunnel air curtain, which is used as a shielding film for sucking air and smoke) according to the prior art, (Smoke Removal), Water (Water Vapor) is injected directly into the fire, and it is possible to prevent the smoke and toxic gas from moving in various stages. It has more functions than smoke curtain tunnel air curtain according to the technology and is more effective in installation and operation.
  • the conventional piping of the conventional sprinkler and water spraying apparatus can be used as it is without installing additional piping, and the ventilation nozzle curtain nozzle head replacement and piping connection And it is possible to solve the fatal problems and risks of the conventional technology.
  • the present invention is not limited to the use of smoke, toxic gas, heat, ultrafine dust, soot, soot, etc., in spite of the danger of leading to large-scale casualties of refugees (large pizzas)
  • the liquid particulate toxic gas is dissolved in water, diluted and removed Soot, soot, and ultrafine dust are removed during physical adsorption.
  • Water is vaporized, absorbing the most heat to remove heat, and 78% of the inert gas,
  • the nitrogen gas and mixed water and steam are injected at the same time, and the fire effect and the cooling effect can be applied at the same time, so that the fire can be suppressed more effectively and more rapidly. Therefore, There is an effect to solve.
  • tunnels tunnels, tunnel ventilation systems, and spherical tunnels without vertical smokestack facilities
  • the present invention is reflected in the design of tunnels (tunnel tunnels, tunnel ventilation systems, and spherical tunnels without vertical smokestack facilities) that need to be invested in stability in old tunnels, It suggests a solution to reduce construction cost and facility cost, and it can expect disaster prevention effect.
  • the present invention is applicable not only to silo road tunnels but also to various tunnels such as railway, subway, cable tunnel, underground parking lots and underground facilities, large special warehouses, various ships and offshore plants, Fine dust, and heat can be removed.
  • the surrounding air is sucked in and mixed with the water and re-sprayed (Deluge Sprinkler System), which sucks the surrounding air and promotes evaporation, .
  • Nitrogen (N) a constituent element of chlorophyll related to photosynthesis, is supplied together in a water spraying facility. Nitrogen (N) has a great influence on the growth and development of plants, and it increases the yield by enlarging the leaf area and supplying sufficient carbohydrates for the pigmentation and fruit thickening of blue and green crops.
  • influenza viruses such as influenza virus spread into the air, the influenza virus, and infiltrate the human body with breathing. It spreads into the air contaminated with infectious agents (eg tuberculosis, varicella, measles, disseminated herpes) that can cause infections between humans and humans through airborne propagation.
  • infectious agents eg tuberculosis, varicella, measles, disseminated herpes
  • the contaminated ambient air is first sucked and mixed with a disinfectant to be sprayed, the sucked ambient air is automatically sterilized and disinfected with the disinfectant, and the sterilized air is re- do.
  • the present invention has the difference that it is possible to more effectively increase the efficiency of prevention of the airborne viral infection disease infected through the air than the method of disinfecting the air by spraying (disposing) the sterilizing agent unilaterally in the air according to the conventional art.
  • the same principle can be applied to disaster prevention facilities such as agricultural, livestock AI, and mad cow disease, such as virus, bacterium,
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the overall configuration of a tunnel fire suppression and smoke control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows the installation intervals of the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle device and the smoke-water spraying fan device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system in which a general jet fan device according to an embodiment of the present invention is disposed.
  • FIGS. 4A to 4D are diagrams showing injection patterns of a tunnel fire suppression and smoke ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS 5a-5y illustrate a ventilation jet spray fan arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6D are views showing a smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a seismic design structure of a ventilation jet spray fan apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the overall configuration of a tunnel fire suppression and smoke control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system includes a smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 and a smoke water spray fan apparatus 200 disposed in a tunnel ceiling.
  • the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle device 100 and the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 introduce air from the outside of the main body into the main body to introduce smoke and toxic gases generated by the fire, This is mixed with water and sprayed downward or at a predetermined angle to form a curtain of water curtain or spray water.
  • the tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system is a fire suppression and smoke suppression system for a tunnel in which, when water to be injected by high heat is water vapor, the volume of the tunnel is controlled by the heat of the smoke (radiant heat, heat reflection by heat insulation, The expansion of this volume causes the water jetted from the nozzle to vaporize, leading to the jetting speed, and the very fast speed is due to the swelling of the body By rapidly reducing the internal pressure, it greatly amplifies the suction that sucks in smoke and toxic gases and removes the toxicity by increasing the efficiency of mixing smoke and toxic gas with water (steam) Smoke Removal.
  • the smoke and curtain nozzle apparatus 100 blocks the movement of smoke and toxic gas in both directions centering on the paint with a wall (water film, blocking curtain) wall,
  • the main body of the water jet fan apparatus 200 and the ventilation curtain nozzle apparatus 100 continuously sucks heat, smoke, and toxic gases gathered at the top of the ceiling and mixes them with water, And water film is formed so that smoke and toxic gas can not be diffused.
  • the gas that is sprayed down to the fines and mixed down with the 78% nitrogen gas in the smoke And continuously dilutes, lowers, and blocks oxygen supplied from the outside.
  • the gases are moved by a vortex phenomenon in a large circle from the bottom to the top, and the gases that have risen upward as they are rotating are separated by the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 disposed at the uppermost layer of the ceiling, And is sucked back into the main body of the meniscus curtain nozzle device 100 and mixed with water again to be cooled and removed, and the reprojection process is repeatedly performed as a whole, so that smoke and toxic gas, soot, soot, , Unburned combustible gas and the like are removed and the movement is blocked.
  • the ventilation jet fan apparatus 200 lowers the pressure inside the main body by rapidly spraying smoke and toxic gas formed at the ceiling portion with a pressure higher than the surrounding air, Mixed with water and re-injected.
  • the ventilation jet spraying fan device 200 can be exemplified by spraying in the lateral direction, but it is possible to use the position of the spraying fan 200, It is also possible that the direction of spraying is adjusted in the lateral direction or in the oblique downward direction.
  • the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle apparatus 100 is also capable of forming the thickness of the water film in the water film formation as needed, by adjusting the spray angle thereof.
  • the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 and the ventilation curtain nozzle device 100 remove smoke, toxic gas, heat, soot, soot and unburned combustible gas when a fire occurs, (F) to block the supply of oxygen and spray fine water to generate water vapor, thereby causing an oxygen dilution extinguishing and a cooling effect, and the tunnel structure is protected , Securing time for evacuation, and facilitating rapid fire suppression of fire-fighting personnel such as firefighters.
  • FIG. 1 is a side sectional view. As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation jet spray fan apparatus 200 and the ventilation curtain nozzle apparatus 100 described above are disposed in a ceiling of a hemispherical tunnel at predetermined distances, F to spray water mixed with nitrogen gas and soot and form a curtain wall to prevent smoke and toxic gases from diffusing in the sideways direction to secure the safety of the tunnel user and secure the evacuation time, .
  • FIG. 2 shows the installation spacing of the ventilation curtain nozzle apparatus 100 and the ventilation water spray fan apparatus 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the ventilation curtain nozzle apparatus 100 has a length of 10 to 20 meters And the ventilation water spray jet fan device 200 is preferably disposed at an interval of 100 to 150 meters.
  • the ventilation jet spraying fan device 200 functions as a ventilation function in normal operation and serves as smoke removal, smoke evasion, and fire evolution.
  • the smokable curtain nozzle device 100 forms a blocking wall in the form of a water film like curtains in both directions around the paint to block the spread of smoke and toxic gas flow and blocks smoke and toxic gas , Sucking in the heat (smoking, smoking) and fire evolution ( ⁇ ⁇ , Fire Evolution) also serves.
  • Fire smoke is defined as a complex mixture in which flammable diffusion occurs in the air, including solid particulate matter that is very sticky, droplet particles such as tar in the liquid phase, free vapor and gas phase molecular enthalpy .
  • the tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system does not discharge heat, smoke, and toxic gas, which are light and high in pressure, rising toward the ceiling in the tunnel fire, to the atmosphere outside the tunnel,
  • the water curtain nozzle device 100 rapidly injects water to lower the internal pressure of the main body and sucks the inside of the main body 100 by mixing with water so that the liquid particulate toxic gas dissolves in water and is diluted to be removed , Solid particulate soot, soot, ultrafine dust, etc., are physically adsorbed in water to remove the toxicity in the smoke and spray the water (water vapor) to the paint.
  • the gas phase molecular nitrogen gas (N 2 ) contained in the fire smoke and the heat (heat, radiant heat, heat reflection by the heat insulator, heat-reflective insulation) are recycled, (N 2 )
  • the gas and water are mixed and steam is vaporized at a temperature of 100 ° C or higher, and water vapor and nitrogen are mixed and sprayed on the paint to perform Oxygen Dilution Extinguish.
  • the composition of the air consists of approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 99%, and the remaining approximately 1% of other argon, carbon dioxide and water vapor. In the case of general combustibles, Decreases from 21% to less than 15%, it is the minimum oxygen concentration limit for combustion.
  • N 2 nitrogen
  • Heat-reflective insulation (heat, radiant heat, heat-reflective insulation) is emitted from the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 and the ventilation curtain nozzle device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Water particles are vaporized at a smoke temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, and the generated water vapor is mixed with nitrogen gas (N 2 ) in the smoke.
  • N 2 nitrogen gas
  • the volume is expanded to 1,700 times, 260 ° C and 2,400 times and 650 ° C, respectively. This expansion force makes the injection speed at the nozzle very fast, rapidly reducing the pressure inside the body, It greatly amplifies the suction force to suck into the body.
  • the water film curtain nozzle unit 100 is formed in both directions around a paint center to block the movement of smoke and toxic gases,
  • the main body of the ventilation jet fan apparatus 200 and the ventilation curtain nozzle apparatus 100 continuously sucks out the heat, smoke and toxic gas collected at the top of the ceiling by mixing with water, And nitrogen (N 2 ) gas and water constituting 78% of steam + smoke are sprayed to the lower layer.
  • Heat, smoke and toxic gases, ultrafine dust, soot, soot, unburned flammable gas, etc. in the space where the fire is blocked by the two-way water film wall can cause the liquid fine particles Toxic gases in the system are dissolved and diluted in water, and solid fine particulate soot, soot, ultrafine dust, etc. are physically adsorbed in water, , And the heat is cooled and mostly removed.
  • the ventilation jet fan apparatus 200 has the same ventilation function as a general jet fan (a jet fan for ventilating a flow of air in a lateral direction in a tunnel inner ceiling portion) Available.
  • the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 has a sucking inlet 220 at two locations below and to the side of the main body.
  • a sucking inlet 220 In case of a fire, a large amount of heat, smoke and toxic gas, Dust, soot, soot, etc. are sucked in two places and mixed with water to dissolve and dilute the toxic gas of the liquid particulate system so as to be removed, and solid fine particulate soot, (Smoke, removal, smoke removal) in the smoke by injecting fine water (water vapor) into the fire by mixing 78% of nitrogen gas and water in the smoke. .
  • the phenomenon of thermal layering of gases is a tendency of the gas to form a layer depending on the temperature.
  • the gas with the highest temperature collects on the top layer, while the gas on the lower layer collects the cooler gas.
  • the side inlet sucks up the toxic gas at the top of the ceiling
  • the side inlet sucks up the toxic gas at the top of the ceiling
  • two suction ports for sucking and removing various toxic gases from all the temperature layers from high temperature to low temperature through the two lower suction ports (intake port) (smoke removal, smoke removal, smoke removal) .
  • the function of the ventilation jet fan apparatus 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention is to provide the air ventilation and air purification in the tunnel, smoke and toxic gas, Smoke Removal, and Fire Evolution can be performed.
  • the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle apparatus 100 is capable of adjusting the degree of injection along the injection direction and each direction so that it is possible to perform not only curtain formation of the curtain but also direct evolution to the flower Do.
  • the water jetted from the smoke curtain air curtain nozzle device 100 and the water mixed with the smoke and toxic gas sprayed from the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 are both sprayed It is possible to evolve early.
  • the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 is used for the purpose of simply discharging pollutants (soot, dust) discharged from a vehicle and smoke generated in a fire, It is possible to quickly evolve by mixing the generated smoke and toxic gas with the water and mixing it with water and to prevent the smoke and toxic gas from spreading together with the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 .
  • the tunnel fire suppression and ventilation system according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used not only with the ventilation jet spray fan apparatus 200 described above, but also with the general jet fan 300 of the prior art .
  • a plurality of the conventional jet fans (jet fans used to flow the air in the lateral direction from the ceiling inside the tunnel) and the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 are provided, and the general jet fans 300a and 300b, Are preferably arranged at intervals of 100 to 150 meters. At this time, it is preferable that the ventilation curtain nozzle apparatuses 100 are arranged at intervals of 10 to 20 meters.
  • the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 generates smoke and toxic gas that flows into the ceiling, flows into the main body, mixes and discharges the water, And curtains (C) are formed at the respective places.
  • the conventional jet fan 300 transports the generated smoke along the lateral direction inside the ceiling. As the distance from the flower increases, smoke and toxic gases can be prevented from being smoked, blocked, and prevented from spreading.
  • FIG 4A is a view showing a case where the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle device 100 and the smoke-water spraying fan device 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention spray water in one direction (left).
  • the integrated control unit controls the smoke removal and evolution control signals according to the occurrence of the fines in each of the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle apparatuses 100 and the smoke-water spraying fan apparatuses 200 according to the location of the inside of the tunnel, Lt; / RTI >
  • the first ventilation spray jet fan apparatus 200a forms the curtain C with the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100a.
  • the smoke curtain curtain nozzle apparatuses 100a to 100d are sprayed downward to form a curtain C of water curtain.
  • the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100c can control the spraying angle so as to spray water directly on the paint, so that curtain formation, smoke removal, and fire evolution are possible at the same time.
  • the integrated control unit transmits the spray-related command control signal to the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle apparatus 100 and the smoke-water spraying fan apparatus 200 based on the position of the flower and the fire point.
  • the curtain nozzle nozzle apparatus located between the flower and the ventilation jet spray fan apparatus stops its operation, In the venting of the ventilation jet spray fan device towards the paint F, it is controlled so as not to be disturbed by the curtain of water curtain.
  • FIG. 4B is a view showing a two-way water spraying process in which a first ventilation water spray fan device 200a and a second ventilation water spray fan device 200b, which are disposed on the left side with respect to the paint F, The smoke and toxic gas are sucked in by using only the sphere, and smoke, toxic gas, and heat are removed (smoke, smoke, Smoke Removal) and injected in both directions.
  • the first ventilation water spray fan device 200a forms a curtain of water curtain with the ventilation curtain nozzle devices 100a and 100b
  • the second ventilation water spray fan device 200b forms a curtain
  • And forms a curtain of curtain with the curtain nozzle apparatus 100c, and is sprayed toward the paint fin (F).
  • each of the smoke-free curtain nozzle apparatuses is sprayed downward to form a curtain of water curtain, and the spraying angle can be adjusted.
  • the second ventilation water spraying fan device 200c disposed on the right side with respect to the paint is sprayed in one direction toward the paint F to facilitate the ventilation and curtain formation with the smoke curtain nozzle device 100d .
  • the integrated control unit described above grasps the generation point of the paint F and controls the injection direction and the spraying degree of each of the smoke-spraying water spraying fan apparatus 200 and the smoke-curtain curtain nozzle apparatus 100 in conjunction with it.
  • the ventilation curtain nozzle apparatus 100 and the ventilation jet spray fan apparatus 200 can be used in a variety of applications such as light and hot smoke, toxic gas, heat, ultrafine dust (soot, soot)
  • the exhaust gas is not discharged to the atmosphere outside the tunnel but is sucked into the venture body and mixed with water in the inside and the smoke and toxic gas are mixed with water and the liquid particulate toxic gas Soluble in water, diluted and removed, and solid particulate soot, soot, etc. are physically adsorbed on water and removed.
  • Water mixed with about 78% or more of gaseous molecules (free steam and others) remaining in the smoke and 0 to 15% of oxygen is injected into the paint, thereby suppressing the fire.
  • Toxic gases contain many components such as carbon monoxide and cyanide, resulting in loss of consciousness in minor amounts, resulting in breathing difficulties and heart attack.
  • the water is sprayed directly to the ignition point to blow out the fire, but the smoke, the toxic gas and the ultrafine dust generated by the fire are sucked and mixed with the water, And it is possible to remove smoke and toxic gas, super fine dust and prevent diffusion caused by fire.
  • 4C is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel, in which the smoke curtain curtain nozzle apparatus 100 is spaced apart from the ceiling at a predetermined distance from the ceiling.
  • FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel, in which the ventilation jet spray fan apparatus 200 is spaced apart from the ceiling at a predetermined distance.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5F are views showing the main body of a ventilation jet fan apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention in a circular shape, an ellipse shape, a rectangular shape, etc., and a position of a lower suction port and a water spray nozzle And can be widely used.
  • 5l, 5m is a ventilation jet spray fan device used exclusively for underground parking lots.
  • the air is sent in one direction fixedly and the smoke and toxic gas are gathered in one direction and exhausted through a duct (smoke, smoke, and smoke ventilation)
  • the main body can be rotated 360 degrees by the rotation adjusting body 252 at the ceiling portion so that the direction can be adjusted manually and automatically in a desired direction.
  • the ventilation jet spraying fan device 200 introduces smoke, toxic gas, and ultrafine dust that have risen to the ceiling due to the occurrence of fire through the inflow part 220.
  • the side inlet (intake port) The suction port (intake port) under the main body sucks the gas.
  • the suction port (suction port) sucks up all the poisonous gas of the upper and lower temperature and the poisonous gas of the medium height moving at different temperatures, (Smoke, removal, smoke removal) of various toxic gases from all the temperature layers from high to low temperature through two intake ports (side and bottom) by overcoming the balance phenomenon and stratification phenomenon And has two suction ports (suction ports).
  • the fans 250 and 251 move in one direction or in different directions by the motor to flow the introduced smoke, toxic gas and ultrafine dust toward the discharge part 230 and to flow in one direction as described above And in both directions to flow in both directions.
  • 5B and 5C show housing inlets of the fans 250 and 251.
  • the fans 250 and 251 are moved in one direction or both directions simultaneously, It is possible to further increase the suctions and spray powers that suck the air.
  • Water is sprayed from the nozzle 240 and smoke, toxic gas, ultrafine dust (soot and soot) are introduced into the main body through the inlet portions 220 and 230 by simultaneous operation of the fans 250 and 251 in one direction and both directions And selectively serves as an inlet and an outlet depending on the direction of injection. Only the lower inflow portion 220 is used in the bidirectional injection, and the discharge portion serves in both directions.
  • FIG. 5a, 5c, and 5l illustrate an embodiment in which the inlet 220 is formed.
  • the inlet 220 is not separately formed on the housing 210 Things are also possible.
  • the unburned combustible smoke, toxic gas, heat, and ultrafine dust, which have increased pressure, are sucked into the lowered housing 210, mixed with the water sprayed by the nozzle 240, and subjected to physical adsorption, dilution, , And the nitrogen gas contained in the smoke is mixed with water and injected into the paint.
  • the smoke, toxic gas, and ultrafine dust introduced into the housing 210 are mixed with water sprayed by the nozzle 240, so that the liquid particulate toxic gas is dissolved in water, diluted and removed, Soot, soot, etc. are physically adsorbed on water and removed.
  • 5A to 5L are side sectional views, and 5m is a 360 ° rotation and a top view of the body.
  • a plurality of nozzles 240 are disposed in the circumferential direction around the fan 250.
  • a vortex diffuser 260 is disposed inside the housing 210 between the region where the fans 250 and 251 and the nozzle 240 are disposed and the discharge portion 230.
  • the vortex diffuser 260 includes an inner ring (Deflector / Ring Deflector) And a tooth straight line generator 263, and includes a triangular generator 262 at the end portion.
  • a mixture of water, smoke, and toxic gas is primarily generated between the region where the fan 250 and the nozzle 240 are disposed and the region where the vortex diffuser 260 is disposed, and a ring (Deflector / Ring Deflector) (Water vapor).
  • Inert nitrogen gas (78% or more) contained in the incoming smoke is mixed with water (water vapor) and injected, so that it is sprayed on the paint and the fire suppression effect is increased.
  • Inert nitrogen gas mixed with water causes an oxygen-blocking and heat-absorbing effect and is capable of rapid fire suppression.
  • inert gas is not sprayed directly to the paint as described above, It is also possible to form a curtain of water curtains with or together with other ventilation jet spray fan devices.
  • the ring deflector 261 in the vortex diffuser 260 may be arranged as a physical member in the form of a donut. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), a ring using the Bernoulli principle, The principle of a jet engine to draw air may also be used.
  • the cross-section of the round ring of the inner ring (the deflector, 261) is the shape of a hollow airplane wing, and the air pushed up into the hollow ring is hollow Due to its characteristics, the flow rate is accelerated, and the air pressure at the inside of the round ring is lowered as the air at this faster speed is released through the small gap in the hollow ring.
  • the upper side of the hollow ring is a curve similar to the top of an airplane wing, and the lower side (inner side of the ring) is relatively flat like the underside of an airplane wing.
  • a rapid flow of air is generated inside the ring and the air is strongly blown out through a small gap formed between the rings, and a strong rotating air current is generated in a constant direction in which the air around the rings passes through the ring, and mixed.
  • a tooth straight line generator 263 and a triangle generator 262 of the vortex diffuser 260 are provided at the end of the housing 210 to allow the surface to be fired further away.
  • the tooth straight line generator 263 linearly injects the water mixed with the smoke and toxic gas in the linear direction, thereby securing the reaching distance.
  • the triangular generator 262 forms a triangular sawtooth shape at the end of the triangle generator 262.
  • the triangle generator 262 functions as a vortex generator and generates a large vortex phenomenon generated when water mixed with smoke and toxic gas is injected into the triangular generator 262) is reduced to reduce noise and induce even injection.
  • the surface of the supporting part connecting the ring 261 and the housing 210 in the direction of the discharge part 230 is preferably provided in the shape of the triangular generator 262.
  • FIGS. 5q, 5r, 5s, 5t, and 5u are examples of drawings in which the main body structure is differently configured according to the field structure and the space of the installation space, such as an ellipse and a rectangle.
  • a ring (Deflector / Ring Deflector) 261 is centered in the center, a support is disposed, and a tip of the tooth straightener generator 263 is constituted by a triangular generator.
  • the shape of the linear generator 263 may be an ellipse or a rectangle to match the shape of the main body.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6D are views showing a smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 As described above, assuming that the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 is installed at an interval of 100 meters to 150 meters at the top of the tunnel, the ventilation jet spray fan device 200 It is difficult for the sprayed water to reach 70 to 100 meters, and the efficiency of removing the smoke may not be secured.
  • the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 is installed at intervals of 10 to 20 meters in the middle of the interval where the smoke explosion jet fan apparatus 200 is installed, Can serve as a substitute for the role and function of tunnel sprinklers and water spraying facilities that only spray water for the water.
  • the smoke curtain nozzle apparatus 100 is not limited to the function of blocking the movement of smoke and toxic gas but can be used for removing smoke and toxic gases (smoke / smoke / smoke evacuation / fire evolutions) Function is added.
  • the smoke curtain curtain nozzle device 100 includes a plurality of blocking walls formed of a water film, (Evacuees) evacuating from the ignition point by smoke and toxic gas removal (Smoke Removal) and evolution (Jin Fire / Fire Evolution) It does not suffer from the vagrant damage caused by the gas, ensures visibility, and helps to have sufficient evacuation time.
  • the coanda effect the air current that is ejected by approaching to the wall surface or the ceiling surface is sucked and flows on the surface thereof,
  • the smoke, the toxic gas, and the ultrafine dust (soot, soot) are sucked into the main body through the smoke inlet 130 due to the reduction of the speed and the longer reach thereof.
  • the smoke inlet 130 is configured to guide smoke and toxic gases through the housing formed in a wing shape toward the interior of the body.
  • the smoke, toxic gas, and ultrafine dust introduced into the main body are mixed with water sprayed by the nozzle 130, so that the liquid particulate toxic gas is dissolved in water, diluted and removed, and solid fine particulate soot, Physically adsorbed on water and removed.
  • the plurality of rings 151 constitute a vortex ring mixing deflector, and smoke and toxic gas are mixed with the water 1 to 5 times in rotation while passing through the region where the rings 151 are disposed, as shown in FIG. 6C.
  • Inert nitrogen gas (78% or more) contained in the incoming smoke is mixed with water and sprayed, so that it is excellent in fire suppression effect when sprayed on the paint.
  • Inert nitrogen mixed with water causes oxygen blocking and heat absorption effect, Rapid fire suppression is possible.
  • the ring (deflector) 151 can be arranged as a donut-shaped physical member, and is a ring using the Bernoulli principle. As described above, the principle of a jet engine for attracting air, May be applied.
  • a small hydraulic power generator 155 which further includes an illumination lamp 154 on the lower or upper surface of the main body, generates electricity according to the water flow and supplies electric power to the illumination lamp 154 .
  • FIGS. 6C and 6D are explanatory diagrams of a mixing ring deflector operation principle of 151 and 261.
  • FIG. 6C and 6D are explanatory diagrams of a mixing ring deflector operation principle of 151 and 261.
  • the toothed linear generator 153 linearly injects the water mixed with the smoke and the toxic gas (water vapor) in a linear direction to secure the reaching distance.
  • the outer surface of the support structure connected to and supported by the housing is provided with a tooth-like shape.
  • the end triangular generator 152 forms a triangular sawtooth shape at the end portion, and serves as a vortex generator.
  • the end triangular generator 152 generates a large vortex generated when the water (water vapor) mixed with the smoke and the toxic gas is sprayed
  • the triangle generator 152 divides the phenomenon into small pieces to reduce noise and induce uniform spraying on the end surface.
  • the ventilation jet spraying fan device and the piping are fastened to the ceiling by a fixed fastening portion. Inside the fastening fastening portion, there are provided springs to bear vertical load and vibration transmitted from the structure, The layered structure absorbs horizontal and vertical vibrations. From this seismic design, it absorbs and minimizes the vibration seismic energy for horizontal and vertical.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système pour éteindre un incendie de tunnel et contrôler la fumée et, plus spécifiquement, un système pour éliminer la fumée et les gaz toxiques (contrôle de fumée) et éteindre un incendie dans un espace partiellement fermé tel que l'intérieur de différents tunnels, installations souterraines et parcs de stationnement.
PCT/KR2018/007421 2017-07-07 2018-06-29 Système d'extinction d'incendie de tunnel et de contrôle de fumée WO2019009570A1 (fr)

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CN112588084A (zh) * 2020-11-19 2021-04-02 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种卧式环形湿法烟气脱硫装置及方法
CN113153424A (zh) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-23 石家庄铁道大学 寒区隧道保温装置及其喷射风速和温度的计算方法
CN113356915A (zh) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-07 国家电网有限公司 电缆隧道通风系统及方法
CN115487454A (zh) * 2022-10-17 2022-12-20 济南瑞庆建筑工程有限公司 一种超高层构筑内自动喷水灭火系统及使用方法
WO2023159727A1 (fr) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-31 安康泰(烟台)生命科学研究院有限公司 Système de commutation d'air respiratoire d'urgence de cabine de vie
CN118065959A (zh) * 2024-04-17 2024-05-24 合肥工业大学 一种隧道内燃料电池车氢泄漏防控系统及方法

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KR102441871B1 (ko) 2022-04-01 2022-09-13 주식회사 맥서브 종류식 환기방식의 터널 내 연기 가이드 시스템
KR102441868B1 (ko) 2022-04-01 2022-09-13 주식회사 맥서브 집중배기 환기방식의 터널 내 연기 가이드 시스템
KR102441872B1 (ko) 2022-04-05 2022-09-13 주식회사 맥서브 터널 내 화재 진압 시스템
KR102441874B1 (ko) 2022-04-06 2022-09-14 주식회사 맥서브 Cctv를 이용한 터널 내 화재 진압 시스템
KR102441876B1 (ko) 2022-04-06 2022-09-14 주식회사 맥서브 Cctv를 이용한 터널 내 화재 소화 및 제연 시스템
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CN112588084A (zh) * 2020-11-19 2021-04-02 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种卧式环形湿法烟气脱硫装置及方法
CN112546489A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-03-26 石家庄先润贸易有限公司 一种用于楼宇内电脑机房的安全防护装置
CN113153424A (zh) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-23 石家庄铁道大学 寒区隧道保温装置及其喷射风速和温度的计算方法
CN113356915A (zh) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-07 国家电网有限公司 电缆隧道通风系统及方法
WO2023159727A1 (fr) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-31 安康泰(烟台)生命科学研究院有限公司 Système de commutation d'air respiratoire d'urgence de cabine de vie
CN115487454A (zh) * 2022-10-17 2022-12-20 济南瑞庆建筑工程有限公司 一种超高层构筑内自动喷水灭火系统及使用方法
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CN118065959A (zh) * 2024-04-17 2024-05-24 合肥工业大学 一种隧道内燃料电池车氢泄漏防控系统及方法

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