WO2014192900A1 - Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie et procédé d'extinction d'incendie - Google Patents

Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie et procédé d'extinction d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014192900A1
WO2014192900A1 PCT/JP2014/064350 JP2014064350W WO2014192900A1 WO 2014192900 A1 WO2014192900 A1 WO 2014192900A1 JP 2014064350 W JP2014064350 W JP 2014064350W WO 2014192900 A1 WO2014192900 A1 WO 2014192900A1
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Prior art keywords
fire
fire extinguishing
space
extinguishing
suction
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PCT/JP2014/064350
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
祐二 中村
太一 薄木
薫 若月
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消防庁長官が代表する日本国
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Publication of WO2014192900A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014192900A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/009—Methods or equipment not provided for in groups A62C99/0009 - A62C99/0081
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/52—Protection, safety or emergency devices; Survival aids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/10—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in ships

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method used in a fire of a solid combustible material or a liquid combustible material including plastic that is liquefied and burned.
  • pre-treatment that suppresses the occurrence of a fire in the first place
  • post-treatment when the fire occurs.
  • the pretreatment include finishing a member using a highly flame-retardant material.
  • post-processing the fire extinguishing apparatus of a to-be-combusted object etc. are mentioned. The following describes post-processing, which is an effective measure particularly in closed spaces and fires of metal powder.
  • jet fire extinguishers are also used for firefighting in spacecraft, which is the most difficult example of lifesaving.
  • space-related organizations in each country adopt different methods.
  • Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4 a method of extinguishing fire by reducing the oxygen concentration in the combustion field by blowing a gas that is extremely weak in the combustion reaction such as carbon dioxide CO 2 and nitrogen N 2 to the fire source is the mainstream (Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4). 4).
  • a method is also employed in which the dry supply powder for fire extinguishing is sprayed on a fire source to cut off the supply path of oxygen supplied to the combustible. Both of these are common in that a fire extinguishing agent is injected.
  • This fire extinguishing agent is carried to the fire source by an inert carrier gas. Since the total amount of carrier gas supplied to the fire site during fire extinguishing is large, the oxygen concentration inside the fire space can be drastically reduced during fire fighting, which can adversely affect fire fighters. Therefore, before entering fire fighting activities, fire fighters are required to wear an oxygen suction mask.
  • a valve that communicates and shuts off the pressurized section in the spacecraft and outer space, a fire sensor that detects a fire in the pressurized section, and a controller that opens the valve based on the fire sensor signal have been proposed (see Patent Document 1 below).
  • the air and combustible gas in the pressurizing part are discharged into space and extinguished.
  • the surface of the combusted material is covered with an inert substance to suppress gasification or supply of the oxidant to extinguish the combusted material. is doing.
  • a fire extinguisher first wears an oxygen suction mask, carries an oxygen suction device, and starts the fire extinguishing work after operating the suction system. Fire extinguishing activities will stagnate during those hours. As described above, in order to stop the enormous damage, quick initial fire extinguishing is important, and this initial time loss may prevent efficient initial fire extinguishing.
  • fire products Various products (hereinafter referred to as “fired products”) are generated. Therefore, in order to recover the space, it is necessary to collect the fire-generated material. For example, when a chemical extinguishing agent is used to extinguish a fire, a gas component generated by a chemical reaction during the fire and during the fire extinguishing spreads inside the fire space, and a so-called mixture entropy becomes high.
  • the fire extinguishing is realized because the oxygen partial pressure is reduced due to the decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen due to the decrease in the total pressure without changing the oxygen concentration accompanying the exhaust. Will release a large amount of air.
  • the total pressure is 0 at normal atmospheric composition (21% oxygen, 79% nitrogen). It is necessary to lower the pressure to 3 atmospheres or less, that is, to reduce the oxygen partial pressure to 0.063 atmospheres or less (see Non-Patent Document 5).
  • the gasification surface area may increase due to the scattering, and gasification may be promoted.
  • the powder surface area may increase abruptly due to scattering of the powder fuel. That is, there is a possibility that the fire power may increase without extinguishing the fire by the injection.
  • the fire source itself is scattered around by the jetting, making it difficult to suppress the fire, and there is a possibility that the thermal runaway of the fire source that can be easily deformed by an external force cannot be stopped.
  • An aspect of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method capable of efficiently extinguishing fire and quickly recovering the state before the fire.
  • a fire extinguishing apparatus communicates a container in which a housing space formed therein is in a vacuum state, a combustion space in which a combustible is disposed, and the housing space, and And a suction part that sucks the combusted material and a product generated along with the combustion of the combusted material toward the accommodation space.
  • the suction unit can suck the combusted material and the generated product into the vacuumed storage space and inactivate the combusted product and the generated product by deactivating them. it can. Moreover, by simultaneously removing carbon monoxide CO (hereinafter referred to as “CO”) and soot that are harmful to the human body from the combustion space, fire damage in the combustion space can be reduced. . Therefore, efficient fire extinguishing can be performed, and the state before the fire can be quickly restored.
  • CO carbon monoxide CO
  • the fire extinguishing apparatus may include a fire extinguishing agent supply unit that supplies a fire extinguishing agent into the housing space.
  • the fire extinguisher configured in this way, by supplying a fire extinguisher into the accommodation space, the fire source mixed phase flow mixed with the fire and the fire extinguisher mixed phase flow mixed with the fire extinguishing agent collide in the accommodation space. To do. Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent is efficiently brought into contact with the fire source that is in a dispersed state in the accommodation space, thereby realizing efficient inactivation.
  • the suction part may be provided with a check valve.
  • the combusted material and the generated material do not circulate in the suction portion from the accommodation space side toward the combustion space side. Therefore, the safety of the fire extinguishing device can be improved.
  • a fire extinguishing method is a fire extinguishing method for extinguishing a combustible, wherein the housing space of the container in which the housing space is formed is in a vacuum state, The suction part which connects a container and the combustion space where a to-be-combusted substance is arrange
  • positioned is equipped with the attraction
  • the combusted material and the generated material may be sucked into the vacuumed storage space through the suction unit, and the combusted material and the generated material may be deactivated and extinguished. it can. Further, by simultaneously removing CO, soot and other generated substances that are harmful to the human body from the combustion space, it is possible to reduce fire damage in the combustion space. Therefore, efficient fire extinguishing can be performed, and the state before the fire can be quickly restored.
  • the fire extinguishing apparatus and the fire extinguishing method according to the aspect of the present invention it is possible to efficiently extinguish the fire and quickly restore the state before the fire.
  • the fire extinguisher 1 includes a suction pipe 10 (suction unit) that sucks in combustibles and the like, a fire extinguishing container 20 (container) that stores the suctioned combustibles, and a fire extinguisher. And a fire extinguishing agent supply unit 30 for supplying the fire extinguishing agent into the container 20.
  • the suction tube 10 is a tubular member.
  • the first end portion 10A of the suction pipe 10 is disposed toward the combustion space S in which a combustible is disposed in the event of a fire.
  • the second end 10 ⁇ / b> B of the suction pipe 10 is connected to the fire extinguishing container 20.
  • various products such as combustion products such as solids and liquids in the combustion space S, combustion products containing soot and toxic gas generated by the combustion of the combustion products, or pyrolysis products gas, etc. (Generated product) flows from the combustion space S side toward the fire-extinguishing container 20 side.
  • the suction pipe 10 includes an opening adjustment cock 11 that can be manually opened and closed, an electromagnetic valve 12 that can be opened and closed in conjunction with a safety mechanism 200 described later, and a backflow of combustibles and products. And a check valve mechanism 13 is provided.
  • the solenoid valve 12 is open when the safety mechanism 200 is not activated. When the safety mechanism 200 is activated, the solenoid valve 12 is closed by a signal issued from an automatic control circuit (not shown).
  • the fire-extinguishing container 20 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and an accommodation space 20A is formed inside.
  • the second end portion 10B of the suction pipe 10 is connected to the first surface 20P of the fire-extinguishing container 20.
  • the storage space 20A is a space separated from the combustion space S.
  • the storage space 20A is separated from the combustion space S by a predetermined distance.
  • the storage space 20A is a space different from the combustion space S.
  • a first end 21 ⁇ / b> A of the joint pipe 21 is connected to the second surface 20 ⁇ / b> Q of the fire-extinguishing container 20.
  • the second end 21B of the joint pipe 21 is disposed in a low pressure field T (high vacuum field).
  • T high vacuum field
  • the accommodation space 20 ⁇ / b> A and the low pressure field T are communicated with each other by the joint pipe 21.
  • tube 21 is connected is a surface orthogonal to the 1st surface 20P to which the suction pipe 10 was connected in FIG.
  • the second surface 20Q to which the joint pipe 21 is connected may be a surface on the opposite side of the first surface 20P to which the suction pipe 10 is connected.
  • the fire-extinguishing container 20 is provided with a fire-extinguishing agent supply unit 30.
  • the fire extinguishing agent supply unit 30 includes a medicine container 31 in which a fire extinguishing agent is accommodated, a medicine pipe 32 connected to the medicine container 31, and a cock 33 provided in the medicine pipe 32.
  • the cock 33 of the fire extinguisher supply unit 30 is closed in a normal state and is opened manually or automatically during fire extinguishing. And the fire extinguisher accommodated in the chemical
  • the fire extinguishing container 20 is provided with a safety mechanism 200 and an inert gas supply unit 210.
  • the safety mechanism 200 includes a heat detection sensor 201 that is provided in the storage space 20A and detects the progress of heat generation in the storage space 20A, and an alarm 202 that issues an alarm or the like in the case of an abnormality based on the detection of the heat detection sensor 201. And a flash lamp 203 that emits light in the case of an abnormality based on the detection of the heat detection sensor 201.
  • the inert gas supply unit 210 includes an inert gas cylinder 215 containing an inert gas, an inert gas pipe 216 connected to the inert gas cylinder 215, and an electromagnetic valve 217 provided in the inert gas pipe 216. Have.
  • the inert gas supply unit 210 supplies the inert gas when the fire source remaining in the storage space 20A is not sufficiently inactivated even if the fire extinguisher supply unit 30 supplies the fire extinguishing agent into the storage space 20A. Supply and extinguish fire sources.
  • the electromagnetic valve 217 is closed in a normal state, and is opened by a signal transmitted from an automatic control circuit (not shown) when there is an abnormality based on the detection of the heat detection sensor 201 of the safety mechanism 200.
  • the inert gas accommodated in the inert gas cylinder 215 distribute
  • the joint pipe 21 is provided with a cock 22 with a filter that can be opened and closed and provided with a filter. That is, in the state where the cock with filter 22 is open, the air in the fire-extinguishing container 20 is discharged toward the low-pressure field T, so that the inside of the fire-extinguishing container 20 is in a vacuum state. That is, the pressure in the storage space 20A is smaller than the pressure in the combustion space S.
  • the vacuum state includes a low vacuum state, a medium vacuum state, a high vacuum state, and an ultra-high vacuum state.
  • the low vacuum state is, for example, a state where the pressure is 1 ⁇ 10 2 Pa or more and less than 1 ⁇ 10 5 Pa.
  • the low vacuum state is, for example, a state where the pressure is 1 ⁇ 10 2 Pa or more and less than atmospheric pressure.
  • the medium vacuum state is, for example, a state where the pressure is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 Pa or more and less than 1 ⁇ 10 2 Pa.
  • the high vacuum state is, for example, a state where the pressure is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or more and less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 Pa.
  • the ultra-high vacuum state is, for example, a state where the pressure is less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa.
  • the vacuum state includes a low pressure state and a reduced pressure state. In the present embodiment, the vacuum state of the storage space 20A of the fire-extinguishing container 20 can be set to a low vacuum state.
  • the vacuum state of the storage space 20A may be a medium vacuum state, a high vacuum state, or an ultra-high vacuum state. Further, the vacuum state of the storage space 20A can be set to a low pressure state. Alternatively, the vacuum state of the storage space 20A may be a reduced pressure state.
  • the pressure of the storage space 20A in the vacuum state is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 -1 Pa, 1 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 1 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 2 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 3 Pa, 1 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, 2 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, 3 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, 4 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, 4 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, 5 ⁇ It can be less than 10 4 Pa, 6 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, 7 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, 8 ⁇ 10 4 Pa, or 9 ⁇ 10 4 Pa.
  • the fire extinguisher is in a state where the opening adjustment cock 11 provided in the suction pipe 10 and the filter-equipped cock 22 provided in the joint pipe 21 are closed, toward the combustion space S. 10A of 1st edge parts are arrange
  • the vacuum process which evacuates the accommodation space 20A of the fire extinguishing container 20 is executed. That is, the filter-equipped cock 22 provided in the joint pipe 21 is opened, and the air in the accommodation space 20A of the fire-extinguishing container 20 is discharged toward the low-pressure field T, so that the fire-extinguishing container 20 is evacuated.
  • the first end 10 ⁇ / b> A of the suction pipe 10 may be disposed toward the combustion space S after performing a vacuum process in which the internal storage space 20 ⁇ / b> A is evacuated.
  • the suction pipe 10 performs a suction process of sucking the combusted material and the generated product in the combustion space S. That is, the opening adjustment cock 11 provided in the suction pipe 10 is opened, and the combustible and generated products in the combustion space S are sucked into the suction pipe 10. In this way, the combusted material and the generated product are sucked into the accommodating space 20 ⁇ / b> A of the fire-extinguishing container 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the combustion target sucked by the suction pipe 10 flows into the accommodation space 20 ⁇ / b> A as a mixed phase flow mixed with a gas component, that is, a fire source mixed phase flow 901.
  • a fire extinguishing agent supply process is performed. That is, the cock 33 is opened manually (or automatically), and the fire extinguishing agent accommodated in the medicine container 31 is supplied to the fire fighting container 20 through the medicine pipe 32. Thereby, not only the fire source mixed phase flow 901 but also the mixed phase flow containing the extinguishing agent, that is, the extinguishing agent mixed phase flow 902 flows into the fire fighting container 20.
  • the fire extinguisher mixed phase flow 902 By causing the fire extinguisher mixed phase flow 902 to collide with the fire source mixed phase flow 901 in the fire extinguishing container 20, the fire extinguisher is efficiently brought into contact with the fire source in a dispersed state, thereby effectively deactivating the fire extinguisher mixed phase flow 902. Realized.
  • the gas component in the fire-extinguishing container 20 is exhausted by the negative pressure from the joint pipe 21 provided at a position away from the injection direction of the fire-source mixed-phase flow 901 and the fire-extinguishing agent mixed-phase flow 902, and the fire source is the extinguishing agent. At the same time, it stays in the fire extinguishing container 20. In this way, the combustibles and generated products sucked into the accommodation space 20A are inactivated and extinguished.
  • the heat detection sensor 201 for detecting danger detects the progress of heat generation in the fire-extinguishing container 20.
  • the alarm 202 sounds a horn and a flash lamp. Illuminates and informs firefighters of the danger.
  • the electromagnetic valve 217 provided in the inert gas pipe 216 connected to the fire-extinguishing container 20 is opened by a signal from the automatic control circuit, and the inert gas cylinder 215 connected to the inert gas pipe 216 passes through the inert gas. Is supplied into the accommodating space 20 ⁇ / b> A of the fire-extinguishing container 20. Thereby, since the inert gas fills the accommodation space 20A, the oxidant component necessary for continuing the combustion can be deficient and forced extinguishing can be achieved.
  • the operation of the safety mechanism 200 and the inert gas supply unit 210 is set to start only when the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 is predicted to be damaged.
  • the suction pipe 10 sucks the combusted material and the generated material into the accommodating space 20A of the fire extinguishing container 20 that is evacuated, and the combusted material and the generated material are generated. Fire can be extinguished by deactivating things. Further, by simultaneously removing CO, soot and other generated substances that are harmful to the human body from the combustion space S, fire damage in the combustion space S can be reduced. Therefore, efficient fire extinguishing can be performed, and the combustion space S can be quickly restored to the state before the fire.
  • the fire extinguisher supply unit 30 supplies the fire extinguishing agent into the accommodation space 20A, so that the fire source mixed phase flow 901 mixed with the fire and the fire extinguishing agent mixed phase flow 902 mixed with the fire extinguishing agent are contained in the accommodation space 20A. Collide with. Accordingly, the fire extinguishing agent is efficiently brought into contact with the fire source that is in a dispersed state in the accommodation space 20A, thereby realizing efficient inactivation.
  • the check pipe mechanism 13 is provided in the suction pipe 10, the combusted material and the generated product do not flow through the suction pipe 10 from the fire-extinguishing container 20 side toward the combustion space S side. Therefore, the safety of the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 can be improved.
  • the fire extinguisher performs the work of opening the cock 22 with a filter provided in the joint pipe 21 and starting the vacuum process and the work of closing the cock 22 with the filter and the opening adjustment cock 11 after confirming the fire extinguishing. Therefore, it is possible to quickly perform the initial fire fighting operation based on the judgment of the fire fighting person himself.
  • the combusted material and the generated product mainly stay in the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 such as the suction pipe 10 and the accommodating space 20A of the fire extinguishing container 20, and do not leak out of the fire extinguishing apparatus 1. Therefore, since the fire source is not scattered around, the fire extinguishing efficiency is dramatically improved by efficiently deactivating the fire source while preventing the expansion of the fire source.
  • the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 and the fire extinguishing method according to the embodiment of the present invention are based on suction, so that the damage to the combustion space S during the fire extinguishing activity is minimized. It will be possible to stay in the pre-fire state after fire extinguishing. Further, by confining the sucked substance in the fire extinguishing container 20, the fire damage is not expanded to other spaces until the inside is completely inactivated, that is, the fire is extinguished.
  • Such an advantage is a great advantage in a special environment typified by an environment including various devices that extremely dislike dust, such as a clean room.
  • the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 described above has a simple structure, maintenance is easy, there are few places where a failure occurs, and durability is essential as an emergency facility.
  • the combustible is an electric wire attached horizontally by a jig 501.
  • an ignition heat source 502 attached to one end of the combusted object, a flame that progresses toward the other end of the combusted object is extinguished.
  • the suction pipe 510 connected to the low pressure field T from the vertically upper side of the flame passage route is fixed at a predetermined position by the jig 511.
  • suction is performed to extinguish the fire.
  • a thermal sensor 520 is provided that is activated when the flame reaches a specific position. Further, the suction pipe 510 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 521 that opens the flow path by the heat detection sensor 520. The observation of the phenomenon is a video camera or a shadow image, and an image is recorded until the flame at the fire site disappears.
  • the low pressure field T that causes suction is obtained by the ejector effect.
  • FIG. 4 the structure of the ejector system which brings about the low pressure field T is shown.
  • a buffer tank 530 (see FIG. 3) is provided on the side opposite to the suction port of the suction pipe 510, and the sucked solid or liquid material is collected by the buffer tank 530.
  • the buffer tank 530 corresponds to the fire-extinguishing container 20 in the above-described embodiment by providing a device for inactivating the combusted material sucked into the buffer tank 530, that is, a fire extinguishing device.
  • a device for inactivating the combusted material sucked into the buffer tank 530 that is, a fire extinguishing device.
  • the fire extinguishing agent supply unit 30 and the inert gas supply unit 210 are not provided for simplification.
  • the main flow that brings about the ejector effect is brought about by a high-pressure cylinder 540 of air, and its flow rate is adjusted by a mass flow controller 541.
  • a safety valve 542 is provided between the high pressure cylinder 540 and the mass flow controller 541.
  • a valve 543 that opens and closes the flow path is attached downstream of the mass flow controller 541 and controls supply to the low pressure field T by the ejector effect.
  • the low pressure field T is introduced due to the ejector effect, but the method of providing the low pressure field T is not limited to this.
  • an example of polyethylene thinly coated on a thin metal wire as a combustible material is shown here, but any fire source may be used. Absent.
  • the test conditions were such that the air flow rate introduced into the ejector was appropriately adjusted so that suction was possible between 2.5 m / s and 5.3 m / s from the suction port.
  • the fire source high-density polyethylene coated with a thickness of 0.15 mm on a metal strand having a diameter of 0.5 mm was used.
  • a small diffusion flame using LPG gas formed on a burner having a diameter of 14 mm as a fuel was used.
  • the pyrolysis gas component is released, and the combustible component burns and diffuses with oxygen in the atmosphere. Form a flame.
  • the diffusion flame becomes a heat source to replace the above ignition device, resulting in melting and gasification of unburned polyethylene, As a result, the molten polyethylene always settles to form a flame while moving its location.
  • the diffusion flame formed by igniting at one end of the combusted material in this way proceeds while melting the polyethylene on the surface toward the unburned portion.
  • the polyethylene considered as a fire source here has a melting temperature of 400K or less and a gasification (decomposition) temperature of 700K or more. Therefore, polyethylene that is higher than the melting temperature and lower than the gasification temperature is not a solid but a liquid, that is, a melt.
  • This (heated) molten object exists in a form suspended from a metal wire simulating a conductor of an electric wire, and a flame is formed so as to cover the periphery thereof. Therefore, in the present example, the combustible is a solid in the initial state but a liquid at the time of combustion.
  • the suction port is provided 5 mm vertically below the electric wire, and suction is started at time zero.
  • the timing for starting suction and the duration of suction are the experimental parameters shown here.
  • an example in which the fire extinguishing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied in gas combustion that is not solid or liquid combustion is also shown, and the fire extinguishing method using the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is also shown. It shows about the effect.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schlieren image during fire extinguishing by the fire extinguishing method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the density change appears as a shadow in the schlieren measurement, a high temperature region or a region where a gas having a density different from that of the atmosphere exists is observed as a shadow. Therefore, by observing the schlieren image, it is possible to know how the fire-generated gas released to the surroundings during the combustion behaves.
  • the molten polyethylene as a fire source is quickly removed from the fire site while sucking not only the decomposed combustible gas components generated during the fire but also the generated gas.
  • the flame could be eliminated from the combustion space S.
  • FIG. 7A shows a case where the suction is stopped when “fire extinguishing in the fire space” is realized
  • FIG. 7B is a photograph when the suction time is made longer than that in FIG.
  • the suction was stopped in 0.36 seconds from the start, but in FIG. 7 (b), the suction was continued 1 second after the start.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example in which the fire extinguishing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to gas combustion instead of solid or liquid combustion.
  • a suction port is installed beside the base of a diffusion flame using LPG gas as fuel, and the fire extinguishing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It was confirmed that the flame could be extinguished instantaneously after the start of suction, despite the fact that a flame having a size larger than that of the molten polyethylene flame was formed.
  • Diffusion flame is the basic combustion mode of fire, and other flames are maintained by the “flame base” corresponding to the lowest end of the flame and the closest part of the burner. Therefore, when the base is extinguished, the entire flame can be lost.
  • the LPG gas fuel loses its consumed mechanism due to the disappearance of the flame, so it is continuously released to the surroundings, and the gas emission cannot be stopped unless the fuel supply path is closed.
  • the reason why the gas burner flame can easily realize the disappearance of the flame in the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, even though the solid or liquid fuel forms the flame is the gas fuel after gasification.
  • the initial temperature of the fuel That is, in the case of a gas burner, while it is normal temperature, in the case of a solid or liquid fuel, the fuel gas at the gasification temperature is supplied, so that the combustibility is extremely high.
  • a combustible here, molten polyethylene
  • the extinguishing agent supply unit that is inactivated in the fire extinguishing container 20 as described above when the suction object has high combustibility and is not cooled enough to lose the combustibility only by suction.
  • 30 and the inert gas supply unit 210 may be provided (not just for complete extinguishing in the fire space), but to “complete extinguishing in the fire extinguishing container 20”.
  • the fire extinguisher 1 includes the fire extinguisher supply unit 30, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the fire extinguisher supply unit 30 may not be provided. Even in this case, the combustibles and the generated products are inactivated and extinguished in the accommodating space 20A that is evacuated.
  • a device for collecting solid, liquid, polymer gas, etc., among the suctioned combustibles may be incorporated in the fire-extinguishing container 20.
  • a device for collecting solid, liquid, polymer gas, etc., among the suctioned combustibles may be incorporated in the fire-extinguishing container 20.
  • extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces such as spacecraft and submarines
  • extinguishing fire sources that only work with extinguishing agents
  • sprayed extinguishing agents can damage the surrounding environment.
  • fire extinguishing in special environments that can be given. That is, the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 and the fire extinguishing method according to the embodiment of the present invention are not limited to being applied only to a specific fire, and can be widely used for general purposes.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'extinction d'incendie (1) doté de : un récipient (20) à l'intérieur duquel un espace de logement formé de façon interne (20A) est dans un état sous vide; et une partie d'aspiration (10) qui couple un espace de combustion (S), dans lequel un objet à brûler est placé, et l'espace de logement (20A), et aspire l'objet à brûler et un produit généré, qui est généré par la combustion de l'objet à brûler, vers l'espace de logement (20A).
PCT/JP2014/064350 2013-05-29 2014-05-29 Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie et procédé d'extinction d'incendie WO2014192900A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2013-113052 2013-05-29
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CN107970540A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-05-01 中国汽车技术研究中心 一种车用动力电池试验辅助灭火装置
JP2019103600A (ja) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-27 株式会社コーアツ 火災模型及びこれを用いたガス系消火設備の性能評価方法
CN113082577A (zh) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-09 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 一种空间产品灭火口结构及其制作方法和空间产品
CN113450613A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-28 中国矿业大学(北京) 模拟高温导热构件对灭火影响的装置及模拟方法
TWI759873B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-04-01 帆珩企業股份有限公司 滅火器換藥系統

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TWI678223B (zh) * 2018-09-10 2019-12-01 朝陽科技大學 吸入型滅火器
RU2752439C1 (ru) * 2020-12-08 2021-07-28 Николай Геннадьевич Кириллов Система газового пожаротушения изолированных помещений специального сооружения с применением сжатого азота
RU2752438C1 (ru) * 2020-12-08 2021-07-28 Николай Геннадьевич Кириллов Система азотного пожаротушения специального сооружения
RU2752440C1 (ru) * 2020-12-08 2021-07-28 Николай Геннадьевич Кириллов Система пожаротушения специального сооружения
RU2752441C1 (ru) * 2020-12-08 2021-07-28 Николай Геннадьевич Кириллов Система газового пожаротушения специального сооружения с изолированными помещениями
CN116370883B (zh) * 2023-03-28 2024-05-31 楚能新能源股份有限公司 一种可吸氧的液态消防介质及其制备方法和应用

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CN107970540A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-05-01 中国汽车技术研究中心 一种车用动力电池试验辅助灭火装置
JP2019103600A (ja) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-27 株式会社コーアツ 火災模型及びこれを用いたガス系消火設備の性能評価方法
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TWI759873B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-04-01 帆珩企業股份有限公司 滅火器換藥系統
CN113082577A (zh) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-09 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 一种空间产品灭火口结构及其制作方法和空间产品
CN113450613A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-28 中国矿业大学(北京) 模拟高温导热构件对灭火影响的装置及模拟方法
CN113450613B (zh) * 2021-05-28 2022-07-08 中国矿业大学(北京) 模拟高温导热构件对灭火影响的装置及模拟方法

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