WO2019008152A1 - Dérivés de 3-cyanothiophène utilisés en tant qu'inhibiteurs de l'interaction protéine/protéine pd-1/pd-l1 - Google Patents

Dérivés de 3-cyanothiophène utilisés en tant qu'inhibiteurs de l'interaction protéine/protéine pd-1/pd-l1 Download PDF

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WO2019008152A1
WO2019008152A1 PCT/EP2018/068411 EP2018068411W WO2019008152A1 WO 2019008152 A1 WO2019008152 A1 WO 2019008152A1 EP 2018068411 W EP2018068411 W EP 2018068411W WO 2019008152 A1 WO2019008152 A1 WO 2019008152A1
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group
group containing
esi
calc
ring
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Alexander Dömling
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Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
    • C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D333/38—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

  • the present invention provides novel compounds that are useful as inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction.
  • the PD-l/PD-Ll axis is hijacked by viruses, bacteria and uncontrolled fast growing cells to suppress the immune surveillance.
  • the malignant cells express PD-L1 which bind to the PD1 receptor expressed on immune T-cells. Binding of PD-1 to PD-1L determines a downregulation of T-cell effector functions in cancer patients inhibiting the antitumor immune response and leading to T-cell exhaustion.
  • a similar mechanism is used by viruses and bacteria to undermine the effective immune recognitions and answer.
  • the present invention provides compounds of formula (I) :
  • R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
  • R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
  • R 1 and R 2 together are a group of formula -O-CH2-CH2-O- , -O-CH2- CHa-N(Me)-, -N(Me) -CH2-CH2-O-, -O-CF2-O- or -O-CH2-O-;
  • R 4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, hetero- alkylcycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group; all of which groups may optionally be substituted; and
  • R 5 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, hetero- alkylcycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group; all of which groups may optionally be substituted; or
  • R 4 and R 5 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound are part of an optionally substituted heterocycloalkyl group containing 5 , 6 or 7 ring atoms ; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, solvate or hydrate or a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation thereof.
  • R 1 and R 2 together are a group of formula -O- CH2 - CH2-0- or -O- CH2-O-.
  • R 1 and R 2 are both hydrogen atoms.
  • R 1 and R 2 are both chlorine atoms.
  • X is a bond, an oxygen atom or a group of formula -(CH 2 ) n - wherein n is 1, 2 or 3 or a group of formula - ( CH 2 ) 3 -0- .
  • X is a bond.
  • Ar is a phenyl group or a heteroaryl group containing one ring and 5 or 6 ring atoms selected from C, O, N and S, wherein Ar may be substituted by 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 groups R 3 and/or wherein Ar may be substituted by a group of formula -CH 2 -N (R 4 ) -R 5 .
  • Ar is substituted by one or two groups R 3 .
  • the groups R 3 are independently halogen, NO2 , N 3 , OH, SH, NH 2 or a Ci - C 6 alkyl group; a Ci - Ce heteroalkyl group; a cycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms; a heterocycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from S, O and N; an alkylcycloalkyl group containing a C 1 -C6 alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms; a heteroalkylcycloalkyl group containing a Ci - C 6 alkyl group or a C1-C6 heteroalkyl group and a cycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms or a heterocycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms
  • Ar is substituted by a group of formula - CH 2 -N ( R 4 ) - R 5 .
  • Ar is substituted by a group of formula - CH2 -N ( R 4 ) - R 5 and further by one group R 3 , which is preferably selected from F, CI , -OMe and - CHO .
  • R 4 is a hydogen atom and R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; a C1-C6 heteroalkyl group; a cycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms; a heterocycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from S, O and N; an alkylcycloalkyl group containing a Ci - Ce alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms; a heteroalkylcycloalkyl group containing a C1 - C6 alkyl group or a C1 - C6 heteroalkyl group and a cycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms or a heterocycloalkyl group containing one ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms
  • alkyl refers to a saturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group that contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, especially from 1 to 6 (e.g. 1, 2, 3 or 4) carbon atoms, for example a methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, n-hexyl, 2 , 2-dimethylbutyl or n-octyl group.
  • alkyl refers to groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a halogen atom (preferably F or CI) such as, for example, a 2 , 2 , 2-trichloroethyl or a trifluoromethyl group.
  • a halogen atom preferably F or CI
  • alkenyl and alkynyl refer to at least partially unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups that contain from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, especially from 2 to 6 (e.g. 2, 3 or 4) carbon atoms, for example an ethenyl (vinyl) , propenyl (allyl) , iso-propenyl, butenyl, ethinyl, propinyl, butinyl, acetylenyl, propargyl, isoprenyl or hex-2-enyl group.
  • alkenyl groups have one or two (especially preferably one) double bond(s)
  • alkynyl groups have one or two (especially preferably one) triple bond(s)
  • alkenyl and alkynyl refer to groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a halogen atom (preferably F or CI) .
  • heteroalkyl refers to an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group in which one or more (preferably 1, 2 or 3) carbon atoms have been replaced by an oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, boron, selenium, silicon or sulfur atom (preferably by an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom) or a group of formula SO or SO2.
  • the expression heteroalkyl furthermore refers to a carboxylic acid or to a group derived from a carboxylic acid, such as, for example, acyl, acylalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl , acyloxy, acyloxyalkyl , carboxyalkylamide or alkoxycarbonyloxy.
  • a heteroalkyl group contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and from 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur (especially oxygen and nitrogen) .
  • a heteroalkyl group contains from 1 to 6 (e.g. 1, 2, 3 or 4) carbon atoms and 1, 2 or 3 (especially 1 or 2) hetero atoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur (especially oxygen and nitrogen) .
  • the term C1-C6 heteroalkyl refers to a heteroalkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, S and/or N (especially O and/or N) .
  • C1-C4 heteroalkyl refers to a heteroalkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, S and/or N (especially 0 and/or N) .
  • heteroalkyl refers to groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a halogen atom (preferably F or Cl) .
  • heteroalkyl groups are groups of formulae: R a _ 0 _ Y a_ ; Ra _ s _ Y a _ i R a -N (R b ) -Y a - , R a -C0-Y a - , R a -0-C0-Y a - , R a -CO- 0-Y a -, R a -CO-N(R b ) -Y a -, R a -N (R b ) -CO-Y a - , R a -0-CO-N (R b ) -Y a - , R a -N(R b ) -CO- 0-Y a - , R a -N (R b ) -CO- 0-Y a - , R a -N (R b ) -CO- 0-Y a - , R a
  • R a -N (R b ) -C ( NR d ) -N (R c ) -Y a - , R a -CS-Y a - ( R a - 0-CS-Y a -, R a -CS-0-Y a -, R a - CS-N(R b ) -Y a - , R a -N(R b ) - CS-Y a -, R a - 0- CS-N (R b ) -Y a - ,
  • heteroalkyl groups are methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, isopropyloxy, butoxy, tert-butyloxy, methoxymethyl , ethoxymethyl , -CH2CH2OH, -CH2OH, methoxyethyl , 1-methoxyethyl , 1-ethoxyethyl, 2 -methoxyethyl or 2-ethoxyethyl, methylamino, ethylamino, propylamino, isopropylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, isopropyl- ethylamino, methylamino methyl, ethylamino methyl, diiso- propylamino ethyl, methylthio, ethylthio, isopropylthio, enol ether, dimethylamino methyl, dimethylamino
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated (for example, a cycloalkenyl group) cyclic group that contains one or more rings (preferably 1 or 2) , and contains from 3 to 14 ring carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 10 (especially 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7) ring carbon atoms.
  • cycloalkyl groups are a cyclopropyl , cyclobutyl , cyclopentyl , spiro [4,5] decanyl , norbornyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexadienyl, decalinyl, bicyclo [4.3.0] nonyl, tetraline, cyclopentylcyclohexyl, fluorocyclohexyl or cyclohex-2-enyl grou .
  • heterocycloalkyl refers to a cycloalkyl group as defined above in which one or more (preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4) ring carbon atoms have been replaced by an oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, selenium, phosphorus or sulfur atom (preferably by an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom) .
  • a heterocycloalkyl group has preferably 1 or 2 ring(s) containing from 3 to 10 (especially 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7) ring atoms (preferably secected from C, O, N and S) .
  • Examples are a piperidyl, prolinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, urotropinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl , tetrahydropyranyl , tetrahydrofuryl or 2-pyrazolinyl group and also lactames, lactones, cyclic imides and cyclic anhydrides.
  • alkylcycloalkyl refers to groups that contain both cycloalkyl and also alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups in accordance with the above definitions, for example alkylcycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, alkylcycloalkenyl , alkenylcycloalkyl and alkynylcycloalkyl groups.
  • An alkylcycloalkyl group preferably contains a cycloalkyl group that contains one or two rings having from 3 to 10 (especially 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7) ring carbon atoms, and one or two alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups (especially alkyl groups) having 1 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms .
  • heteroalkylcycloalkyl refers to alkylcycloalkyl groups as defined above in which one or more (preferably 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5) carbon atoms have been replaced by an oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, selenium, phosphorus or sulfur atom (preferably by an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom) .
  • a heteroalkylcycloalkyl group preferably contains 1 or 2 rings having from 3 to 10 (especially 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7) ring atoms, and one or two alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or heteroalkyl groups (especially alkyl or heteroalkyl groups) having from 1 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms (the heteroalkyl groups having preferably 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, S and N) .
  • alkylheterocycloalkyl alkylheterocycloalkenyl, alkenylheterocycloalkyl, alkynylheterocycloalkyl, heteroalkylcycloalkyl, heteroalkylheterocycloalkyl and hetero- alkylheterocycloalkenyl, the cyclic groups being saturated or mono-, di- or tri-unsaturated.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic group that contains one or more rings containing from 5 or 6 to 14 ring carbon atoms, preferably from 5 or 6 to 10 (especially 6) ring carbon atoms.
  • aryl refers furthermore to groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms or by OH, SH, NH 2 , N 3 or NO2 groups .
  • aryl refers furthermore to groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms or by OH, SH, NH 2 , N 3 or NO2 groups .
  • phenyl naphthyl , biphenyl , 2-fluorophenyl , anilinyl, 3 -nitrophenyl or 4-hydroxyphenyl group .
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic group that contains one or more rings containing from 5 to 14 ring atoms, preferably from 5 to 10 (especially 5 or 6 or 9 or 10) ring atoms, and contains one or more (preferably 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5) oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur ring atoms (preferably O, S or N) .
  • the expression heteroaryl refers furthermore to groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atoms or by OH, SH, N3, NH2 or NO2 groups. Examples are pyridyl (e.g. 4-pyridyl) , imidazolyl (e.g.
  • 2-imidazolyl) phenylpyrrolyl (e.g. 3- phenylpyrrolyl) , thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, 1, 2 , 3-triazolyl, 1, 2 , 4-triazolyl, oxadxazolyl, thiadxazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl , benzisoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, pyridazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, pyrrolyl , purinyl , carbazolyl , acridinyl,
  • aralkyl refers to groups containing both aryl and also alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cycloalkyl groups in accordance with the above definitions, such as, for example, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, arylcycloalkyl, aryl- cycloalkenyl, alkylarylcycloalkyl and alkylarylcycloalkenyl groups.
  • aralkyls are toluene, xylene, mesitylene, styrene, benzyl chloride, o-fluorotoluene, lH-indene, tetraline, dihydronaphthalene , indanone, phenylcyclopentyl , cumene, cyclohexylphenyl, fluorene and indane .
  • An aralkyl group preferably contains one or two aromatic ring systems (1 or 2 rings) containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and one or two alkyl, alkenyl and/or alkynyl groups containing from 1 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or one or two cycloalkyl groups containing 5 or 6 ring carbon atoms.
  • heteroaralkyl refers to an aralkyl group as defined above in which one or more (preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4) carbon atoms have been replaced by an oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, selenium, phosphorus, boron or sulfur atom (preferably oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen) , that is to say to groups containing both aryl or heteroaryl, respectively, and also alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or heteroalkyl and/or cycloalkyl and/or heterocycloalkyl groups in accordance with the above definitions.
  • a heteroaralkyl group preferably contains one or two aromatic ring systems (1 or 2 rings) containing from 5 or 6 to 10 ring carbon atoms and one or two alkyl, alkenyl and/or alkynyl groups containing 1 or 2 to 6 carbon atoms and/or one or two cycloalkyl groups containing 5 or 6 ring carbon atoms, wherein 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 of these carbon atoms have been replaced by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms .
  • Examples are arylheteroalkyl, arylheterocycloalkyl, aryl- heterocycloalkenyl, arylalkylheterocycloalkyl, arylalkenyl- heterocycloalkyl, arylalkynylheterocycloalkyl , arylalkyl- heterocycloalkenyl, heteroarylalkyl , heteroarylalkenyl , heteroarylalkynyl, heteroarylheteroalkyl , heteroaryl- cycloalkyl, heteroarylcycloalkenyl, heteroarylhetero- cycloalkyl, heteroarylheterocycloalkenyl , heteroarylalkyl- cycloalkyl, heteroarylalkylheterocycloalkenyl , heteroarylalkyl- cycloalkyl, heteroarylalkylheterocycloalkenyl, heteroarylalkyl-
  • halogen or halogen atom refers to F , CI , Br or I .
  • This expression refers furthermore to groups that may be substituted by one, two, three or more preferably unsubstituted Ci - Cio alkyl, C2 - C10 alkenyl, C2 - C10 alkynyl, C1 - C10 heteroalkyl, C3-C18 cycloalkyl, C 2 - Ci 7 heterocycloalkyl, C4- C20 alkylcycloalkyl , C2-C 1 9 heteroalkylcycloalkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C 1 -C 1 7 heteroaryl, C7- C20 aralkyl or C2-C19 heteroaralkyl groups.
  • This expression refers furthermore especially to groups that may be substituted by one, two, three or more preferably unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, C 2 - C 6 alkenyl, C 2 - C 6 alkynyl, Ci - C 6 heteroalkyl, C 3 - C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C9 heterocycloalkyl, C7- C12 alkylcycloalkyl, C 2 - Cn heteroalkylcycloalkyl, C6- C10 aryl, C1-C9 heteroaryl, C7- C 1 2 aralkyl or C 2 - Cu heteroaralkyl groups.
  • a substituent contains a ring
  • this ring may be bonded to the respective substituted group via a single or double bond (especially a single bond) or, if the substituted group also contains a ring, the ring of the substituent may also be annulated to the ring of the substituted group.
  • Ci- 4 alkyl e.g. methyl, ethyl, t-butyl
  • substituents are F, CI, Br, OH, NH 2 , Me, Ethyl, Me 2 , CONH 2 , OMe, CN or CF 3 .
  • all alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, heteroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, heteroalkylcycloalkyl, aralkyl and heteroaralkyl groups described herein may optionally be substituted.
  • aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, alkylcycloalkyl, heteroalkylcycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group contains more than one ring, these rings may be bonded to each other via a single or double bond or these rings may be annulated.
  • the present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) as defined herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable ester, prodrug, hydrate, solvate or salt thereof, optionally in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be used for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer, viral diseases and infectious diseases .
  • the compounds of the present invention may be used for the treatment and/or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases such as: Schizophrenia, Alzheimer, Multiples Sclerosis, Parkinson, Corea Huntington, Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) , Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Batten disease.
  • neurodegenerative diseases such as: Schizophrenia, Alzheimer, Multiples Sclerosis, Parkinson, Corea Huntington, Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) , Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Batten disease.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of a compound in accordance with this invention means an amount of compound that is effective to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate symptoms of disease or prolong the survival of the subject being treated. Determination of a therapeutically effective amount is within the skill in the art.
  • the therapeutically effective amount or dosage of a compound according to this invention can vary within wide limits and may be determined in a manner known in the art. Such dosage may be adjusted to the individual requirements in each particular case including the specific compound being administered, the route of administration, the condition being treated, as well as the patient being treated.
  • Examples of pharmacologically acceptable salts of sufficiently basic compounds of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) are salts of physiologically acceptable mineral acids like hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric and phosphoric acid; or salts of organic acids like methanesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, lactic, acetic, trifluoroacetic, citric, succinic, fumaric, maleic and salicylic acid.
  • a sufficiently acidic compound of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) may form alkali or earth alkali metal salts, for example sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium or magnesium salts; ammonium salts; or organic base salts, for example methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethylenediamine , ethanolamine, choline hydroxide, meglumin, piperidine, morpholine, tris- (2- hydroxyethyl) amine, lysine or arginine salts; all of which are also further examples of salts of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) .
  • alkali or earth alkali metal salts for example sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium or magnesium salts; ammonium salts; or organic base salts, for example methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethylenediamine , ethanolamine, choline hydroxide
  • Compounds of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) may be solvated, especially hydrated.
  • the hydratization/hydration may occur during the process of production or as a consequence of the hygroscopic nature of the initially water free compounds of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) .
  • the solvates and/or hydrates may e.g. be present in solid or liquid form.
  • (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) may contain asymmetric C-atoms, they may be present either as achiral compounds, mixtures of diastereomers, mixtures of enantiomers or as optically pure compounds.
  • the present invention comprises both all pure enantiomers and all pure diastereomers, and also the mixtures thereof in any mixing ratio.
  • compositions according to the present invention comprise at least one compound of formula (I) , (II) ,
  • the present invention also relates to pro-drugs which are composed of a compound of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) and at least one pharmacologically acceptable protective group which will be cleaved off under physiological conditions, such as an alkoxy- , arylalkyloxy- , acyl-, acyloxymethyl group (e.g. pivaloyloxymethyl) , an 2-alkyl-, 2-aryl- or 2-arylalkyl- oxycarbonyl-2-alkylidene ethyl group or an acyloxy group as defined herein, e.g.
  • the present invention also relates to a prodrug, a biohydrolyzable ester, a biohydrolyzable amide, a polymorph, tautomer, stereoisomer, metabolite, N-oxide, biohydrolyzable carbamate, biohydrolyzable ether, physiologically functional derivative, atropisomer, or in vivo-hydrolysable precursor, diastereomer or mixture of diastereomers, chemically protected form, affinity reagent, complex, chelate and a stereoisomer of the compounds of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) .
  • ester especially refers to esters which hydrolyze in vivo and include those that break down readily in the human body to leave the parent compound or a salt thereof.
  • Suitable ester groups include, for example, those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable aliphatic carboxylic acids, particularly alkanoic, alkenoic, cycloalkanoic and alkanedioic acids, in which each alkyl or alkenyl moiety advantageously has not more than 6 carbon atoms .
  • esters include, but are not limited to, formates, acetates, propionates, butyrates, acrylates and ethylsuccinates .
  • therapeutically useful agents that contain compounds of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV), their solvates, salts or formulations are also comprised in the scope of the present invention.
  • compounds of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV) will be administered by using the known and acceptable modes known in the art, either alone or in combination with any other therapeutic agent.
  • oral administration such therapeutically useful agents can be administered by one of the following routes: oral, e.g.
  • TDS transdermal delivery system
  • the therapeutically useful product may be mixed with pharmaceutically inert, inorganic or organic excipients as are e.g. lactose, sucrose, glucose, gelatine, malt, silica gel, starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearinic acid or their salts, dried skim milk, and the like.
  • pharmaceutically inert, inorganic or organic excipients as are e.g. lactose, sucrose, glucose, gelatine, malt, silica gel, starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearinic acid or their salts, dried skim milk, and the like.
  • excipients e.g. vegetable, petroleum, animal or synthetic oils, wax, fat, polyols.
  • liquid solutions, emulsions or suspensions or syrups one may use as excipients e.g.
  • excipients as are e.g. vegetable, petroleum, animal or synthetic oils, wax, fat and polyols .
  • compressed gases suitable for this purpose, as are e.g.
  • the pharmaceutically useful agents may also contain additives for conservation, stabilization, e.g. UV stabilizers, emulsifiers, sweetener, aromatizers, salts to change the osmotic pressure, buffers, coating additives and antioxidants .
  • additives for conservation stabilization, e.g. UV stabilizers, emulsifiers, sweetener, aromatizers, salts to change the osmotic pressure, buffers, coating additives and antioxidants .
  • the daily dosage can be administered as a single dose or in divided doses, or for parenteral administration, it may be given as continuous infusion or subcutaneous injection.
  • the present invention moreover provides a method of inhibiting growth, proliferation, or metastasis of cancer cells in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt .
  • the cancer is selected from melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, squamous non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) , non-squamous NSCLC, colorectal cancer, castration-resistant prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, carcinomas of the esophagus, gastrointestinal tract and breast, cancer of the genital organs, penis and vagina, and a hematological malignancy.
  • NSCLC non- small cell lung cancer
  • NSCLC non-squamous NSCLC
  • colorectal cancer castration-resistant prostate cancer
  • ovarian cancer gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, carcinomas of the esophagus, gastrointestinal tract and breast, cancer of the genital organs, penis and vagina, and a hematological malignancy.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating an infectious disease in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) , (II) , (III) or (IV), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the infectious disease is caused by a virus.
  • the virus is selected from HIV, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis D, herpes viruses, papillomaviruses and influenza.
  • a method for treating cancer comprising administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) , (II), (III) or (IV) or a salt thereof.
  • cancers include those whose growth may be inhibited using compounds of the disclosure include cancers typically responsive to immunotherapy.
  • Non-limiting examples of preferred cancers for treatment include melanoma (e.g., metastatic malignant melanoma) , renal cancer (e.g. clear cell carcinoma) , prostate cancer (e.g. hormone refractory prostate adenocarcinoma), breast cancer, colon cancer and lung cancer (e.g. non-small cell lung cancer) .
  • the disclosure includes refractory or recurrent malignancies whose growth may be inhibited using the compounds of the present invention.
  • cancers examples include bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular malignant melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, testicular cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's Disease, non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, chronic or acute leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • pathogenic viruses causing infections treatable by methods of the present invention include HIV, hepatitis (A, B, C, or D) , herpes viruses (e.g., VZV, HSV-1 , HAV-6, HHv-7, HHV-8, HSV-2, CMV, and Epstein Barr virus), adenovirus, influenza virus, fiaviviruses, echovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackie virus, cornovirus, respiratory syncytial viras, mumps viras, rotaviras, measles viras, rabella viras, parvovirus, vaccinia virus, HTLV viras, dengue viras, papillomavirus, molluscum viras, poliovirus, rabies viras, JC viras and arboviral encephalitis viras.
  • herpes viruses e.g., VZV, HSV-1 , HAV-6
  • pathogenic bacteria causing infections treatable by methods of the present invention include chlamydia, rickettsial bacteria, mycobacteria, staphylococci, streptococci, pneumonococci, meningococci and conococci, lebsiella, proteus, serratia, pseudomonas, legionella, diphtheria, salmonella, bacilli, cholera, tetanus, botulism, anthrax, plague, leptospirosis, and Lymes disease bacteria.
  • pathogenic fungi causing infections treatable by methods of the present invention include Candida (albicans, krasei, glabrata, tropicalis, etc.), Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus (fumigatus, niger, etc.), Genus Mucorales (mucor, absidia, rhizophus) , Sporothrix schenkii, Blastomyces dermatitidis , Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Coccidioides immitis and Histoplasma capsulatum.
  • Candida albicans, krasei, glabrata, tropicalis, etc.
  • Cryptococcus neoformans Aspergillus (fumigatus, niger, etc.)
  • Genus Mucorales micor, absidia, rhizophus
  • Sporothrix schenkii Blastomyces dermatitidis
  • Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Coccidioides immit
  • pathogenic parasites causing infections treatable by methods of the present invention include Entamoeba histolytica, Balantidium coli, Naegleriafowleri, Acanthamoeba sp., Giardia lambia, Cryptosporidium sp., Pneumocystis carinii, Plasmodium vivax, Babesia microti, Trypanosoma bracei, Trypanosoma crazi, Leishmania donovani, Toxoplasma gondi, and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.
  • Example 5a ethyl 2-amino-4- (4-methyl-3 , -dihydro-2H- benzo [b] [1,4] oxazin-7-yl) thiophene-3-carboxylate
  • Example 5b ethyl 2-amino-4- (4-methyl-3 , 4-dihydro-2H- benzo [b] [1,4] oxazin-6-yl) thiophene-3 -carboxylate
  • Example 20 4-phenyl-2- ( (3- (trifluoromethyl) benzyl) oxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitril
  • Example 35 4-phenyl-2- ( (3- (trifluoromethoxy) benzyl) oxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitri
  • Example 50 4 - (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1 , 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- iodobenzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 51 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- (4- nitrophenethoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 52 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( (4- nitrobenzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 54 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- (naphthalen-2-ylmethoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 55 4- (2, 3 -dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( (3- fluorobenzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 56 4 - (2 , 3 -dihydrobenzo [b] [1 , 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- (3- phenoxypropoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 58 4 - (2 , 3 -dihydrobenzo [b] [1 , 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2 - ( (4 - (hydroxymethyl) benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrxle
  • Example 60 4- (2, 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- (2-oxo- 2 -pheny1ethoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitri1e
  • Example 62 4- (2 , 3 -dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( (4- formylbenzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 64 2 - ( (5-chlorothiophen-2-yl) methoxy) - - (2 , 3- dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) thiophene -3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 65 4- (2 , 3 -dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( thiophen- 3 -ylmethoxy) thiophene- 3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 66 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( yridin-4 -ylmethoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 70 4- (2 , 3 -dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( (perfluorophenyl) methoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 73 4- (2, 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( (4- (methylsulfonyl) benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 74 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- (quinolin-8-ylmethoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 75 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( (2- fluoropyridin-4-yl) methoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 76 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1 , 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2 -( (3- formylbenzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 77 4- (2 , 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-6-yl) -2- ( (6- methoxypyridin-2-yl)methoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 82 2- ( (3-chlorobenzyl) oxy) -4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) - thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 84 4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- (4 -nitrophenethoxy) - thiophene- 3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 85 4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (4-nitrobenzyl) oxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitrxle
  • Example 86 4- (3 , -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (3- (trifluoromethyl) - benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 87 4- (3 , 4 -dichlorophenyl) -2- (naphthalen-2-ylmethoxy) - thiophene- 3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 88 4- (3 , 4 -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (3-fluorobenzyl) oxy) - thiophene- 3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 90 2- ( (3 , 4 -dichlorobenzyl) oxy) -4- (3 , 4-dichloro- phenyl) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 91 4- (3 , -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (4- (hydroxymethyl) benzyl) oxy) thiophene- 3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 93 4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- (2-oxo-2-phenylethoxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 100 4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- (pyridin-3 -ylmethoxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 101 4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (3- (trifluoromethoxy) - benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 102 2- ( ( - (1 , 2 , 3-thiadiazol-4-yl) benzyl) oxy) -4 - (3 , 4 - dichlorophenyl) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 103 4- (3 , 4 -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (perfluorophenyl) methoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 104 2- ( (4- (tert-butyl) benzyl) oxy) -4- (3 , 4-dichloro- phenyl) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 105 4- (3 , 4 -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (4- (trifluoromethoxy) - benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 106 4- (3 , 4 -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (4- (methylsulfonyl) - benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 107 4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- (quinolin-8-ylmethoxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 108 4- (3 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (2 -fluoropyridin-4 - yl) methoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 109 4- ( , 4 -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (3-formylbenzyl) oxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 110 4- (3 , 4 -dichlorophenyl) -2- ( (6-methoxypyridin-2- yl) -ethoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 111 Example 4: 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4- bromobenzyl) oxy) thiophene- 3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 112 tert-butyl 4- ( ( (4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -3- cyanothiophen-2-yl) oxy) methyl) benzylcarbamate
  • Example 113 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- (benzyloxy) - thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 114 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (2-bromobenzyl) - oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 115 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (3 -chlorobenzyl) - oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 116 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4 -iodobenzyl) - oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 118 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4-nitrobenzyl) - oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 119 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (3- (trifluoro- methyl) benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 120 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- (naphthalen-2 -yl- methoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonxtrile
  • Example 121 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (3-fluorobenzyl) - oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 122 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- (3-phenoxy- propoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitri1e
  • Example 123 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (3 , 4-dichloro- benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 124 4 - (benzo [d] [1 , 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2 - ( (4 - (hydroxy- methyl) benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 125 4- (benzo [d] [1,3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (2,4-dichloro- benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 126 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- (2-oxo-2-phenyl- ethoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 127 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4 -cyanobenzy1) - oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 128 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4-formylbenzyl) - oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 129 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- (thiophen-2-yl- methoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 130 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (5-chloro- t iophen-2 -yl) methoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 131 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- (thiophen-3-yl- methoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 134 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (3- (trifl oro- methoxy) benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 135 2- ( (4- (1, 2 , 3 -thiadiazol-4 -yl) benzyl) oxy) -4- (benzo [d] [1,3] dioxol-5-yl) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 136 4- (benzo [d] [1 , 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (perfluoro- phenyl) methoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 137 4- ⁇ benzo[d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4- (tert-butyl) - benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 138 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4- (trifluoro- methoxy) benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 139 4-(benzo[d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (4- (methylsulfonyl) benzyl) oxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 140 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- (guinolin-8-yl- methoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 141 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (2-fluoropyridin- 4 -yl) methoxy) thiophene-3-carbonitrile
  • Example 142 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (3-formylbenzyl) - oxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • Example 143 4- (benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxol-5-yl) -2- ( (6-methoxy- pyridin-2 -yl) methoxy) thiophene-3 -carbonitrile
  • O-alkylation specific scaffolds where selected for further functionalization (e.g. examples 13, 46, 79 and 112) towards compounds D.
  • the gene encoding human PD-Ll (amino acids 18-134) was cloned into the pET-21b, the gene encoding human PD-L2 (20-220) was cloned into pET28a and that of human PD-1 (33-150, Cys93 exchanged to serine) into pET-24d. Proteins were expressed in the E. coli BL21 (DE3) . Cells were cultured in LB at 37°C. The protein production was induced with 1 mM IPTG at OD600 of 1.0 and the cells were cultured for additional 5h. For hPD-1, after induction the temperature was lowered to 30°C.
  • Proteins were expressed as inclusion bodies which were collected by centrifugation, washed twice with 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 containing 200 mM NaCl, 0.5% Triton X-100, 10 mM EDTA and 10 mM 2 -mercaptoethanol and once more with the same buffer with no detergent. The inclusion bodies were stirred overnight in 50 mM Tris pH 8.0 containing 6M GuHCl, 200 mM NaCl and 10 mM 2-mercaptoethanol . Solubilized fraction was clarified by high speed centrifugation.
  • hPD-Ll and hPD-L2 were refolded by drop- wise dilution into 0.1 M Tris pH 8.0 containing 1 M L-Arg hydrochloride, 0.25 mM oxidized glutathione and 0.25 mM reduced glutathione for hPD-Ll and 0.1 M Tris pH 8.5 containing 1 M NDSB201, 0.2 M NaCl, 5 mM cysteamine and 0.5 mM cystamine for hPD-L2.
  • hPD-1 was refolded in similar manner in 0.1 M Tris pH 8.0 containing 0.4 M L-Arg hydrochloride, 2 mM EDTA, 5 mM cystamine and 0.5 mM cysteamine.
  • the proteins were dialyzed 3 times against 10 mM Tris pH 8.0 containing 20 mM NaCl, and purified by size exclusion chromatography on Superdex 75 (GE Healthcare) in 10 mM Tris pH 8.0 containing 20 mM NaCl. The purity and protein folding were evaluated by SDS-PAGE and NMR, respectively. Analytical size-exclusion chromatography
  • the oligomeric state of tested proteins was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography.
  • Superdex 75 10/30 HR (GE Healthcare) was equilibrated with PBS pH 7.4 and calibrated using globular proteins of known molecular weight .
  • Approximate molecular weight of apo-hPD-Ll and hPD-Ll-small molecule complex (3:1 compound: protein molar ratio) were estimated using the calibration curve.
  • DFS Differential scanning fluorimetry
  • DSF analysis was performed according to Niesen and colleagues (24). In brief hPD-Ll and hPD-L2 (both 12.5 ⁇ ) were incubated alone, with compound BMS-202 or compound 8 (both at 37.5 ⁇ ) in the presence of SYPRO Orange Dye (Life Technologies, final concentration 20x) . Constant temperature gradient of 0.2°C/min was applied and changes in fluorescence were monitored using real time thermocycler (BioRad) . Melting temperature (Tm) was estimated from first derivative of fluorescence intensity as a function of temperature .
  • Uniform 15N labeling was obtained by expressing the protein in the M9 minimal medium containing 15NH4C1 as the sole nitrogen source. Unlabeled proteins were prepared as for crystallization.
  • the buffer was exchanged by gel filtration to PBS pH 7.4 (hPD-Ll) or 25 mM sodium phosphate containing 100 mM NaCl pH 6.4 (hPD-1) . 10% (v/v) of D 2 O was added to the samples to provide lock signal. All spectra were recorded at 300K using a Bruker Avance 600 MHz spectrometer.
  • Binding of the compounds was analyzed by titrating the 15N- labeled PD-Ll (0.3 mM) and recording the 1H-15N HMQC spectra prior and after addition of the compound (Supplementary Figs. SI, S2 and S3) .
  • MST Microscale Thermophoresis
  • Monolith NT.115 NanoTemper technologies, Miinchen
  • MST Microscale Thermophoresis
  • Monolith NT.115 NanoTemper technologies, Miinchen
  • the PD-1 construct is a 13.2 kDa protein. While PD-L1 is 14.5 kDa containing a His6-tag. Labeling of PD-L1 can be performed in several ways, for example, by attaching a fluorescent label to free amine groups, cysteine's or by binding to the His6-tag. PD-L1 was labeled using the Monolith NTtm His-tag labeling kit RED-tris-NTA (Nano temper technologies, Munchen) .
  • the RED-tris-NTA dye (100 nm) was mixing with PD-L1 (200 nM) in a 1:1 ratio and incubated for 30 min at room temperature followed by centrifugation at 13k rpm for 15 min. Binding of the dye to the PD-L1 His6-tag was confirmed by measuring the KD ( ⁇ 8 nm) .
  • Compound stocks were prepared at 100 mM in 100% DMSO and were subsequently diluted in PBS-t buffer to a concentration of 2- 0.25 mM, depending on their solubility, while keeping the DMSO concentration at 2%.
  • the PD-1/PD-L1 complex is prepared by mixing PD-Ll and PD-1 in a 1:10 ratio the complex was labeled a described above for PD- Ll.
  • the dissociation of the PD-1/ PD-Ll complex is measured by adding the labeled complex to a final PD-Ll concentration of 50 nm to a 2 -fold dilution series of the compound and measuring using the Monolith NT.115.
  • MST Rapid screening of PD-Ll binding without a full KD determination is also possible using MST. This requires preparation of two samples, one at low compound concentration and one at high compound concentration. If the MST measurements show a significant change in fluorescence signal between the two samples after the temperature jump it is a good indication if the compound is binding or not . Subsequently, a full KD determination as described above can be performed on the hits .

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne de nouveaux composés de formule (I) qui sont utiles en tant qu'inhibiteurs de l'interaction protéine/protéine PD-1/PD-L1. Les composés peuvent être utilisés dans le traitement du cancer, de maladies infectieuses et de maladies neurodégénératives telles que la schizophrénie, la maladie d'Alzheimer, la sclérose en plaques ou la maladie de Parkinson.
PCT/EP2018/068411 2017-07-07 2018-07-06 Dérivés de 3-cyanothiophène utilisés en tant qu'inhibiteurs de l'interaction protéine/protéine pd-1/pd-l1 WO2019008152A1 (fr)

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CN110128415A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-16 沈阳药科大学 用作免疫调节剂的吲哚啉类化合物及其制备方法
CN110128415B (zh) * 2019-05-31 2022-03-25 沈阳药科大学 用作免疫调节剂的吲哚啉类化合物及其制备方法

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