WO2019004280A1 - 液化ガスの排出システム及び排出方法 - Google Patents

液化ガスの排出システム及び排出方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019004280A1
WO2019004280A1 PCT/JP2018/024357 JP2018024357W WO2019004280A1 WO 2019004280 A1 WO2019004280 A1 WO 2019004280A1 JP 2018024357 W JP2018024357 W JP 2018024357W WO 2019004280 A1 WO2019004280 A1 WO 2019004280A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
discharge
liquefied gas
floating hose
lng
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/024357
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
直樹 渡邊
常則 風間
和宏 星野
俊浩 江藤
良治 小木曽
基樹 入倉
隆寛 石神
Original Assignee
千代田化工建設株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 千代田化工建設株式会社 filed Critical 千代田化工建設株式会社
Priority to CN201880043459.6A priority Critical patent/CN110869663B/zh
Priority to KR1020207000523A priority patent/KR102476384B1/ko
Publication of WO2019004280A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019004280A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06—Details or accessories
    • B67D7/72—Devices for applying air or other gas pressure for forcing liquid to delivery point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a discharge system and a discharge method for discharging liquefied gas remaining in a hose at sea after completing transfer of liquefied gas in a floating hose used for transferring liquefied gas from a delivery facility to a receiving facility.
  • Natural gas consists mostly of methane and the other major constituents are nitrogen, ethane, propane and butane.
  • LPG which is a single component or mixed component of each of LNG, ethane, propane and butane which is a main component of methane.
  • the hull is attached to a jetty attached to the land dispensing / receiving facility or in the case of liquefied gas transfer between hulls.
  • the hulls are placed side-by-side and implemented by means of an articulated loading arm or by means of a flexible hose of short length.
  • a step of discharging the liquefied gas remaining in the transfer line connecting the dispensing facility and the receiving facility from the transfer line is generally performed.
  • an inert gas nitrogen gas or the like
  • the present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and the liquefied gas remaining in the floating hose on the sea is stabilized regardless of the performance of the gas producing apparatus for producing the exhaust gas.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for discharging liquefied gas that can be discharged.
  • a discharge system (5) for liquefied gas remaining in the gas the gas production apparatus (15) producing a discharge gas having a condensation point lower than the liquefied gas, and the gas production apparatus
  • a compressor (22) for compressing the exhaust gas an accumulator container (25) filled with the exhaust gas compressed by the compressor, and the floating hose charged with the exhaust gas filled in the accumulator container
  • an exhaust gas supply line (31) for supplying the hydrogen gas.
  • the filling amount of the discharge gas in the pressure accumulation container can complete the discharge of the liquefied gas remaining in the floating hose by using the entire amount of the discharge gas charged. It is characterized in that it is set.
  • the capacity of the pressure accumulation container can be filled with the amount of the discharge gas necessary to discharge the liquefied gas remaining in the floating hose only once. It is characterized by being set.
  • the size of the pressure accumulation container is prevented from being unnecessarily increased, and a compact installation can be realized.
  • a flow control device (37, 62, 162) which is provided in the discharge gas supply line and adjusts the flow rate of the discharge gas supplied from the pressure accumulation container to the floating hose. Furthermore, it is characterized by having.
  • the flow rate necessary for the exhaust gas can be easily realized, and the liquefied gas remaining in the floating hose on the sea can be discharged more stably.
  • the liquefied gas is liquefied natural gas, and the gas for discharge is nitrogen.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the pressure accumulation container is installed in the dispensing facility or the receiving facility together with a device (4) for winding the floating hose.
  • the floating hose used for transfer of liquefied gas is limited, the size required for the pressure accumulation container can be set more reliably.
  • the exhaust gas supply line is connected to a liquefied gas transfer line (32) to which the floating hose is connected in the dispensing facility or the receiving facility. .
  • the eighth aspect of the present invention it is provided on the upstream side of the connection portion (33) of the discharge gas supply line in the liquefied gas transfer line, and blocks the supply of the liquefied gas to the floating hose. And a shutoff valve (51).
  • a part of the liquefied gas transfer line can be diverted for discharging the liquefied gas, and the system configuration becomes simple.
  • the floating hose used for the transfer of liquefied gas from the dispensing facility (1) to the receiving facility (2) which is performed using a floating hose at least a part of which is on the sea (3)
  • a method of discharging liquefied gas remaining in the inside comprising: a manufacturing step of manufacturing a discharge gas having a condensation point lower than that of the liquefied gas; and compressing the discharge gas manufactured in the manufacturing step A compression step, a filling step of filling the pressure-accumulating container (25) with the discharge gas compressed in the compression step, and supplying the discharge gas filled in the pressure-storage container to the floating hose; And D. discharging the liquefied gas remaining in the floating hose.
  • a tenth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the discharging step is performed using the entire amount of the discharging gas filled in the pressure accumulation container in the filling step.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an application example of a liquefied gas discharge system 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing details of the liquefied gas discharge system 5
  • FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the discharge method of LNG which remains inside.
  • the transfer of the LNG via the floating hose 3 to the LNG carrier 2 as a receiving facility for receiving the LNG from the FLNG 1 as a dispensing facility for discharging the LNG is performed.
  • the FLNG 1 is a floating type LNG liquefaction facility, and produces LNG by purifying and liquefying natural gas (raw material gas) produced from a gas field on the seabed.
  • the FLNG 1 includes a floating hose 3 for transferring the produced LNG to the LNG ship 2 or the like, and a winding device 4 for housing the same. Further, the FLNG 1 is provided with a discharge system 5 (see FIG. 2) for discharging the LNG remaining in the floating hose 3 after the transfer of the LNG is completed.
  • the floating hose 3 constitutes a transfer line of LNG, and consists of a known flexible hose used in a state in which at least a part thereof is suspended on the sea surface 6.
  • LNG is transferred from the FLNG 1 to the LNG carrier 2
  • the floating hose 3 is delivered from the winding device 4 toward the anchored LNG container 2, and as shown in FIG. 2 (more specifically, it is in a state of being connected to a piping for receiving LNG not shown).
  • the floating hose 3 also includes two LNG supply hoses 3A for supplying LNG from the FLNG 1 to the LNG carrier 2, and one hose for return gas for returning the return gas from the LNG carrier 2 side to the FLNG 1 And 3B.
  • the configuration of the floating hose 3 (number of hoses, diameter, length, etc.) can be variously changed.
  • the LNG vessel 2 is a known LNG tanker used for transporting LNG, and includes an LNG tank 11 capable of storing LNG transferred from the FLNG 1.
  • the discharge system 5 includes a nitrogen production apparatus (gas production apparatus) 15 that produces nitrogen having a condensation point lower than that of LNG.
  • the nitrogen produced by the nitrogen producing apparatus 15 is generally used, for example, for sealing lubricants of compressors in FLNG 1, for preventing backflow of air in main piping in flare and vent equipment, and for combustible gas at maintenance. It can be used for purging and the like.
  • nitrogen produced by the nitrogen producing apparatus 15 is used as a discharge gas for discharging the liquefied gas remaining in the floating hose 3.
  • the nitrogen used as the exhaust gas may be a gas containing nitrogen that does not affect the characteristics (in particular, having a condensation point lower than that of the liquefied gas).
  • nitrogen as the exhaust gas, it becomes possible to divert the existing nitrogen production device 15 used for other applications in the FLNG 1. Further, since nitrogen has a condensation point lower than that of LNG, it does not rapidly condense even when contacting with cryogenic LNG remaining in the floating hose 3 to cause troubles such as hammering.
  • the nitrogen produced by the nitrogen production apparatus 15 is compressed (that is, boosted) by being introduced into the compressor 22 through the nitrogen transport pipe 21. Furthermore, the nitrogen compressed by the compressor 22 is introduced into the pressure accumulation container 25 via the nitrogen transport pipe 24 provided with the valve 23. As a result, the pressure accumulation container 25 is filled with nitrogen at a pressure higher than that of the nitrogen produced by the nitrogen production apparatus 15.
  • the nitrogen filled in the pressure accumulation container 25 is supplied to the floating hose 3 (hose 3A for supplying LNG) through the nitrogen transport pipe (line for supplying the discharge gas) 31.
  • the downstream end of the nitrogen transport pipe 31 extends to the connection site 33 to the LNG transport pipe (line for liquefied gas transport) 32 used in the transfer of LNG, whereby Nitrogen is supplied to the floating hose 3 through a part of the LNG transport pipe 32 (a downstream portion of the connection portion 33 in the LNG transport pipe 32).
  • the nitrogen transport pipe 31 is provided with a flow rate adjusting unit (flow rate adjusting device) 35 for adjusting the flow rate of nitrogen supplied to the floating hose 3.
  • the flow rate adjustment unit 35 includes a flow meter 36 for detecting the flow rate of nitrogen supplied to the floating hose 3 and an upstream side of the flow meter 36, and controls the nitrogen flow rate based on the detection value of the flow meter 36.
  • a flow control valve 37 is provided. Furthermore, in the flow rate adjustment unit 35, the valves 38 and 39 are disposed so as to sandwich the flow meter 36 and the flow control valve 37.
  • Such a flow rate adjusting unit 35 can easily realize the flow rate of nitrogen required for discharging the LNG remaining in the floating hose 3, and can discharge the LNG more stably.
  • the pressure of the pressure accumulation container 25 can be detected by a pressure gauge 42 connected to the nitrogen transport pipe 31 (or pressure accumulation container 25) via the valve 41.
  • valves 51 and 52 are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the connection portion 33, respectively. Moreover, the downstream end 53 of the LNG transport pipe 32 is connected to the upstream end 54 of the floating hose 3 (hose 3A for LNG supply). In FIG. 2, the winding device 4 in which the floating hose 3 is accommodated is omitted.
  • the nitrogen production device 15 manufactures an amount of nitrogen necessary for the transfer process (production process).
  • the produced nitrogen is sequentially compressed by the compressor 22 (compression step) and sequentially introduced into the pressure accumulation container 25 (filling step).
  • the valve 23 of the nitrogen transport pipe 24 is in the open state, and the valves 38 and 39 of the nitrogen transport pipe 31 are in the closed state.
  • LNG is supplied from the LNG transport pipe 32 to the LNG supply hose 3A with the valves 51 and 52 open.
  • BOG or the like generated in the LNG vessel 2 is returned to the FLNG 1 side through the return gas hose 3B.
  • valve (shutdown valve) 51 is closed while the valve 52 is kept open.
  • the step of discharging the remaining LNG from the floating hose 3 before the floating hose 3 is separated from the LNG vessel 2 (discharge step) Is required.
  • valves 38 and 39 are opened, and the valve 37 is opened to supply nitrogen from the pressure accumulation container 25 to the floating hose 3 (hose 3A for supplying LNG).
  • the LNG in the floating hose 3 is gradually pushed out to the LNG ship 2 side by the nitrogen supplied from the FLNG 1 side.
  • the pressure of the pressure accumulation vessel 25 is reduced to a pressure close to the pressure of the floating hose, and the valves 38 and 39 are closed to complete the LNG discharge process.
  • the flow rate and pressure necessary for discharging the LNG from the floating hose 3 can be easily facilitated by using the pressure storage container 25 filled with the discharge gas (here, nitrogen). It can be secured. Therefore, regardless of the performance of the nitrogen production unit 15 (that is, even if it is difficult to discharge the LNG from the floating hose 3 by the flow rate and pressure of nitrogen from the existing nitrogen production unit 15), It becomes possible to discharge the remaining LNG stably.
  • the discharge gas here, nitrogen
  • the filling amount of nitrogen in the pressure accumulation container 25 may be set so as to be able to complete the process of discharging the LNG remaining in the floating hose 3 using the total amount of nitrogen charged.
  • control or operation such as stopping the delivery of nitrogen from the pressure accumulation container 25 at an appropriate timing becomes unnecessary.
  • the excess nitrogen is delivered to the LNG carrier 2 to adversely affect the facilities of the LNG carrier 2 (for example, the design of the LNG tank 11 Pressure) can be prevented.
  • excessive nitrogen is returned to FLNG 1 as return gas via return gas hose 3B, thereby preventing troubles such as increasing the concentration of inert gas in the boil-off gas by mixing with boil-off gas generated from the dispensing facility. can do.
  • the pressure of nitrogen in the pressure accumulation container 25 for example, the pressure of the pressure gauge 42
  • it can be determined that the entire amount of nitrogen charged is used.
  • the capacity of the pressure accumulation container 25 may be set so as to be able to be filled with the amount of nitrogen necessary to carry out the process of discharging the LNG remaining in the floating hose 3 only once.
  • the size (volume) of the pressure accumulation container 25 is prevented from becoming unnecessarily large, and a compact installation can be realized.
  • the pressure accumulation container 25 may be installed on the FLNG 1 (or the LNG carrier 2) together with the winding device 4 of the floating hose 3.
  • the size required for the pressure accumulation container 25 can be set more reliably. Therefore, the LNG remaining in the floating hose 3 on the sea can be discharged more stably.
  • Example 1 Next, the simulation result based on the CFD analysis about the discharge process by the above-mentioned discharge system 5 of LNG is explained.
  • the inner diameter was 20 inches
  • the length was 280 m
  • the height difference between the sea surface and the hose end 7 on the LNG vessel 2 side was 25 m.
  • the pressure was 3.0 bara (0.3 MPa)
  • the flow rate was 3.0 kg / s (about 8600 Nm 3 / h).
  • the LNG discharging step by continuing supplying nitrogen to the floating hose 3 for about 3 minutes, the LNG remaining in the floating hose 3 becomes about 10 vol% or less.
  • the total supply amount of nitrogen is about 56 m 3 under the condition of nitrogen of -163 ° C. and 3.0 bara.
  • the pressure accumulation condition of nitrogen is 30 ° C., 25 bara (2.5 MPa), and the pressure of nitrogen in the pressure accumulation container 25 after the discharge step is 4.0 bara.
  • the inner diameter of the cylindrical cross section can be 2300 mm, and the length between tangent lines (see length L in FIG. 2) can be 5000 mm.
  • the pressure of nitrogen to be produced is 6 to 8 bara, and the supply amount thereof is about 1000 to 2000 Nm 3 / h. Is inadequate.
  • Example 2 The simulation result at the time of changing the form of the floating hose 3 on the supply conditions of nitrogen similar to the above-mentioned Example 1 is demonstrated.
  • the inner diameter is 6 inches
  • the length is 280 m
  • the height difference between the sea surface and the hose end portion 7 on the LNG vessel 2 side is 15 m.
  • the total supply amount of nitrogen is 5.2 m 3 under the conditions of nitrogen of -163 ° C. and 3.0 bara.
  • the size of the pressure accumulation container 25 can be, for example, an inner diameter of a cylindrical cross section and 1000 mm, and a length between tangent lines can be 2500 mm.
  • the discharge system 5 can implement a discharge process with respect to the floating hose 3 and the receiving installation 2 of various forms not only in the above-mentioned example.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a modification of the liquefied gas discharge system 5 shown in FIG.
  • the same components as those of the discharge system 5 shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the same reference numerals are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • a restriction orifice 62 is provided on the downstream side of the valve 38 in the flow rate adjustment unit 35 of the nitrogen transport pipe 31, and a branch pipe 131 which branches from the main body of the nitrogen transport pipe 31 and extends in parallel on the upstream side of the valve 38.
  • a similar arrangement (valve 138 and restriction orifice 162) is also provided.
  • the downstream end of the branch pipe 131 is connected to the main body of the nitrogen transport pipe 31 on the upstream side of the valve 39.
  • valves 38 and 39 are first opened, and after the pressure in the pressure accumulation container is gradually decreased, the valve 138 is then opened next, and the flow rates of nitrogen supplied to the floating hose 3 are plural. Adjusted by the restriction orifices 62, 162.
  • FSO Floating Storage & Offloading Unit
  • FSU Floating Storage Unit
  • FSRU Floating Storage & Regasification Unit
  • FPSO FPSO (Floating) Production, Storage & Offloading Unit):
  • a floating production storage and delivery facility etc. can be the delivery facility and the receiving facility, respectively. It is also possible that one of the dispensing facility and the receiving facility is installed on land.
  • the liquefied gas to be discharged is LNG
  • the present invention is not limited to this, but at least as long as transfer is possible using a floating hose, another liquefied gas (for example, LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)) ) May be the target of discharge.
  • LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
  • any other gas for example, any gas may be used if it has a condensation point lower than at least the liquefied gas to be discharged Inert gases other than nitrogen, or mixtures thereof may be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
PCT/JP2018/024357 2017-06-30 2018-06-27 液化ガスの排出システム及び排出方法 WO2019004280A1 (ja)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201880043459.6A CN110869663B (zh) 2017-06-30 2018-06-27 液化气排出系统及排出方法
KR1020207000523A KR102476384B1 (ko) 2017-06-30 2018-06-27 액화 가스의 배출 시스템 및 배출 방법

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JP2017-128648 2017-06-30
JP2017128648A JP6709195B2 (ja) 2017-06-30 2017-06-30 液化ガスの排出システム及び排出方法

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CN114279166A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-05 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 一种回收液氩贮槽中蒸发氩气的方法、装置以及适合的低温氩气压缩机

Citations (5)

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JPS5078086A (zh) * 1973-11-09 1975-06-25
JPS58178097A (ja) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-18 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ロ−デイングア−ム内の液落し、ガスパ−ジ装置
JPS5968900U (ja) * 1982-10-29 1984-05-10 岩谷産業株式会社 液化可燃ガスタンクのパ−ジ装置
JP2013011332A (ja) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 燃料積込装置
JP2016118301A (ja) * 2016-02-22 2016-06-30 三井造船株式会社 液化ガス供給用接続機構

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JP2003254642A (ja) * 2002-03-04 2003-09-10 Daikin Ind Ltd 残油除去方法
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JP5894097B2 (ja) * 2013-03-08 2016-03-23 三井造船株式会社 液化ガス供給用接続機構
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KR20160141533A (ko) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-09 대우조선해양 주식회사 Ｆｌｎｇ의 천연가스 인입시스템 및 천연가스 인입방법
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5078086A (zh) * 1973-11-09 1975-06-25
JPS58178097A (ja) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-18 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ロ−デイングア−ム内の液落し、ガスパ−ジ装置
JPS5968900U (ja) * 1982-10-29 1984-05-10 岩谷産業株式会社 液化可燃ガスタンクのパ−ジ装置
JP2013011332A (ja) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 燃料積込装置
JP2016118301A (ja) * 2016-02-22 2016-06-30 三井造船株式会社 液化ガス供給用接続機構

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CN110869663B (zh) 2022-02-18
JP6709195B2 (ja) 2020-06-10
CN110869663A (zh) 2020-03-06
KR20200015727A (ko) 2020-02-12
JP2019011814A (ja) 2019-01-24
KR102476384B1 (ko) 2022-12-09

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