Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D147/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
  • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
  • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
  • C09D7/69—Particle size larger than 1000 nm
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
  • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
  • C08J2201/026—Crosslinking before of after foaming
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
  • C08J2203/22—Expandable microspheres, e.g. Expancel®
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2309/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2391/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2409/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
  • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
  • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
  • C08K2003/2206—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of calcium, strontium or barium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
  • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
  • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
  • C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/02—Elements
  • C08K3/04—Carbon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/02—Elements
  • C08K3/06—Sulfur
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
  • C08K3/36—Silica
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
  • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
  • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
  • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
  • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
  • C08K7/28—Glass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2203/00—Applications
  • C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
  • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure

Definitions

• the present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one reactive binder, at least one curing agent and / or accelerator, at least one thermally activatable blowing agent and at least one light filler, wherein as lightweight filler at least one expanded particle of at least one glassy volcanic rock with a
• Structural strength with the lowest possible weight of the component uses hollow parts, which are made of relatively thin sheet metal or plastic plates.
• hollow parts which are made of relatively thin sheet metal or plastic plates.
• thin-walled sheets tend to deform easily. Therefore, it has been known for some time
• Hollow body structures this cavity completely or only partially, for example, in mechanically particularly stressed portions, foam with a structural foam.
• deformations or deformations can be minimized or even completely prevented, and on the other hand, the strength and rigidity of the hollow body structures can be increased.
• foamed reinforcing and stiffening agents are either metal foams or they are made of thermally curable and expandable preparations, for example based on epoxy resins.
• foamed reinforcing and stiffening agents are either metal foams or they are made of thermally curable and expandable preparations, for example based on epoxy resins.
• reinforcing agents often still have too low a stiffness, since due to the foaming, the hardness of the resulting structure is reduced.
• Lightweight aggregates such as with glass hollow spheres and polymer balloons.
• these lightweight fillers often have disadvantages.
• Many of the lightweight fillers are relatively expensive, such as hollow glass beads, which unnecessarily increases the cost of the expandable compositions. Also, not all
• Lightweight filler fully compatible with the other components of the composition.
• some light fillers such as open celled pumice or zeolite, in liquid compositions or in liquid component compositions, may partially absorb the composition or may absorb water upon storage.
• this incorporation of parts of the composition or of water can lead to a reduction of the effect of the lightweight aggregate on weight reduction, but can also lead to a severe deterioration of the mechanical and optical properties of the final product.
• compositions usually need to be pumped for application.
• very high pressures are achieved in this pumping process, up to 360 bar.
• compositions for the production of structural foams for the local reinforcement of components which structures should have low weight and high strength at the same time.
• these compositions should be pumped for the purpose of better processability, and the compositions should withstand pump pressures of up to 360 bar without damage.
• the object is surprisingly achieved by a method for stiffening and / or reinforcing components with thin-walled structures, in particular of tubular form Solved structures, said composition is applied at a temperature below 70 ° C to the surface of the structure to be reinforced, in particular with a pump pressure of greater than 3 bar, and this composition is cured at a later time at temperatures above 130 ° C. ,
• compositions according to the invention are both easy to handle and can be pumped without any damage to the light filler at pressures of up to 360 bar.
• the contained expanded particles of at least one glass-rich volcanic rock take due to their closed outer shell no components of the composition and no water, so that the weight-reducing effect is maintained and the other mechanical properties are not adversely affected.
• the expanded particles are pressure-stable due to their material and the closed outer shell.
• the figures refer to the number average molecular weight M n .
• the number average molecular weight as well as the weight average can be determined by GPC against a polystyrene standard.
• compositions according to the invention contain at least one reactive binder and at least one hardener and / or accelerator, in particular a thermally activatable hardener.
• the curing agent and / or accelerator is generally present in a total amount of at least 0.25 wt .-% and in particular of at least 1, 5 wt .-% based on the
• Crosslinking temperature T90 and the degree of crosslinking can be determined by means of a rheometer measurement, as with a Monsanto Rheometer 100 S (principle oscillating disc at a deflection angle of 3 °, about 15 cm 3 chamber volume) according to DIN 53529.
• the proportion of the reactive binder in the overall composition may generally range from 2 to 65% by weight. However, the proportion of binder can vary widely in
• Preferred reactive binders of the compositions are selected from the group of epoxides, rubbers, peroxidically crosslinkable polymers or triglyceride fractions with unsaturated fatty acids.
• a preferred article therefore contains epoxides as the reactive binder.
• epoxy resins are a variety of polyepoxides having at least 2 1, 2-epoxy groups per molecule.
• the epoxide equivalent of these polyepoxides may vary between 150 and 50,000, preferably between 170 and 5,000.
• the polyepoxides may in principle be saturated, unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic, aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic
• Polyepoxide be.
• suitable polyepoxides include the polyglycidyl ethers prepared by reacting epichlorohydrin or epibromohydrin with a polyphenol in the presence of alkali.
• suitable polyphenols are resorcinol, pyrocatechol, hydroquinone, bisphenol A (bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2,2-propane), bisphenol F (bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane), bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1, 1-isobutane, 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1, 1-ethane, 1, 5-hydroxynaphthalene.
• Other suitable polyphenols as a basis for the polyglycidyl ethers are the known condensation products of phenol and formaldehyde or acetaldehyde type of novolac resins.
• polyglycidyl ethers of polyalcohols or diamines are suitable polyepoxides in principle. These polyglycidyl ethers are derived from polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol or trimethylolpropane.
• polyepoxides are polyglycidyl esters of polycarboxylic acids, for example reactions of glycidol or epichlorohydrin with aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acids such as oxalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, terephthalic acid or dimer fatty acid.
• Other epoxides are derived from the epoxidation products of olefinically unsaturated cycloaliphatic compounds or of native oils and fats.
• Guanidines, substituted guanidines, substituted ureas, melamine resins, guanamine derivatives, cyclic tertiary amines, aromatic amines and / or mixtures thereof can be used as thermally activatable or latent hardeners for the epoxy resin binder system from the abovementioned components.
• the hardeners can stoichiometrically with in the
• Hardening reaction be included. However, they can also be catalytically active. Examples of substituted guanidines are methylguanidine, dimethylguanidine, trimethylguanidine,
• guanamine derivatives include alkylated benzoguanamine resins, benzoguanamine resins or methoxymethylethoxymethylbenzoguanamine.
• the selection criterion is the low solubility of these substances at room temperature in the resin system, so that solid, finely ground hardeners are preferred here.
• dicyandiamide is suitable. This ensures good storage stability of the thermosetting moldings.
• catalytically active substituted ureas can be used. These are in particular the p-chlorophenyl-N, N-dimethylurea (monuron), 3-phenyl-1, 1-dimethylurea (Fenuron) or 3,4-dichlorophenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylurea (diuron).
• catalytically active tertiary acrylic or alkyl amines for example the benzyldimethylamine, tris (dimethylamino) phenol, piperidine or piperidine derivatives.
• various, preferably solid imidazole derivatives can be used as catalytically active accelerators.
• Representative examples include 2-ethyl-2-methylimidazole, N-butylimidazole, benzimidazole and N-C1-12-alkylimidazoles or N-arylimidazoles.
• Particularly preferred is the use of a combination of hardener and
• Accelerator in the form of so-called accelerated dicyandiamides in finely ground form.
• the separate addition of catalytically active accelerators to the epoxy curing system is unnecessary.
• impact modifiers may also be present, as known in the art for this purpose.
• thermoplastic resins which preferably bear groups reactive with epoxy groups.
• natural or synthetic rubbers are suitable for this purpose. concrete Examples of this can be found in document WO 2007/004184 in sections [27] and [28] (pages 6 and 7).
• Another preferred article contains the composition at least one reactive binder based on natural and / or synthetic rubbers.
• the reactive binders based on natural and / or synthetic rubbers i.e.
• the composition contains as binder and hardener:
• a vulcanization system consisting of sulfur and one or more organic accelerator (s) and / or metal oxide (s).
• Liquid rubbers or elastomers can be selected from the following group of homopolymers and / or copolymers:
• Polybutadienes in particular the 1, 4 and 1, 2-polybutadienes, polybutenes, polyisobutylenes, 1, 4- and 3,4-polyisoprenes, styrene-butadiene copolymers, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, these polymers being terminal and / or ( randomly distributed) functional groups may have.
• functional groups are hydroxy, amino, carboxyl,
• Carboxylic anhydride or epoxy groups are typically below 20,000 g / mol, preferably between 900 and 10,000 (measured by GPC against a polystyrene standard).
• liquid rubber in the overall composition depends on the desired rheology of the uncured composition and the desired mechanical properties of the cured composition.
• the level of liquid rubber or elastomer normally varies between 5 and 50% by weight of the total formulation. It has proven expedient to use preferably mixtures of liquid rubbers of different molecular weights and different configurations with respect to the remaining double bonds.
• a liquid rubber or elastomer normally varies between 5 and 50% by weight of the total formulation. It has proven expedient to use preferably mixtures of liquid rubbers of different molecular weights and different configurations with respect to the remaining double bonds.
• Vinyl double bonds included. It may also be preferred that, in addition to the liquid polyene, up to 10% by weight, in particular 1-10% by weight, of at least one solid rubber is contained in the compositions. Suitable solid rubbers have a significantly higher molecular weight (Mw 100,000 or higher) compared to the liquid rubbers. Examples of suitable
• Rubbers are polybutadiene, preferably with a very high proportion of cis-1,4-double bonds (typically more than 95%), styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, synthetic or natural isoprene rubber, butyl rubber or
• compositions based on natural and / or synthetic rubbers a plurality of vulcanization systems based on both elemental sulfur and vulcanization systems without elemental sulfur are suitable; the latter include the vulcanization systems based on thiuram disulfides and peroxides. Particularly preferred are vulcanization systems based on elemental sulfur and organic
• the powdered sulfur is used in amounts of from 0.1 to 15% by weight, based on the total composition, of amounts between 0.2 and 8% by weight, very particularly preferably between 1 and 4% by weight. -% used.
• Suitable organic accelerators are the dithiocarbamates (in the form of their ammonium or metal salts), xanthates, thiuram compounds (monosulfides and disulfides), thiazole compounds, aldehyde / amine accelerators (eg hexamethylenetetramine) and guanidine accelerators, very particular preference dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS ) is used.
• a combined vulcanization system of elemental sulfur, the above accelerators, and a quinone oxime such as p-benzoquinone dioxime or a nitrosobenzene compound such as p-dinitrosobenzene is also preferable to use a combined vulcanization system of elemental sulfur, the above accelerators, and a quinone oxime such as p-benzoquinone dioxime or a nitrosobenzene compound such as p-dinitrosobenzene.
• a quinone oxime such as p-benzoquinone dioxime or a nitrosobenzene compound such as p-dinitrosobenzene.
• Accelerators are in amounts between 0.5 and 8 wt .-% based on the
• Total formulation preferably between 1 and 3 wt .-% used.
• the zinc compounds acting as accelerators between the zinc salts of fatty acids,
• Zinc dithiocarbamates, basic zinc carbonates and especially finely divided zinc oxide can be selected.
• the content of zinc compounds is in the range between 0.5 and 10 wt .-%, preferably between 1 and 5 wt .-%.
• other typical zinc compounds are in the range between 0.5 and 10 wt .-%, preferably between 1 and 5 wt .-%.
• Rubber vulcanization aids e.g. Fatty acids (e.g., stearic acid) may be present in the formulation.
• the vulcanization system can also be free of elemental sulfur.
• peroxides preferably organic peroxides
• examples and preferred peroxides are those mentioned below.
• the amounts of peroxides used are preferably: 0.3 to 4.5% by weight, based on the total composition.
• Hydrocarbon resins phenolic resins, terpene-phenolic resins, resorcinol resins or their derivatives, modified or unmodified resin acids or esters (abietic acid derivatives), polyamines, polyaminoamides, anhydrides and anhydride-containing copolymers are suitable for this purpose, for example.
• the addition of polyepoxide resins in small amounts ( ⁇ 1 wt.%) Can improve adhesion for some substrates.
• formulations are substantially free of epoxy resins, especially those having a molecular weight below 700.
• tackifiers are used, their type and amount depends on the polymer composition of the adhesive / sealant, the desired strength of the cured composition, and the substrate to which the composition is applied.
• Typical tackifying resins (tackifiers) such as e.g. the terpene phenolic resins or resin acid derivatives are normally used in concentrations between 5 and 20% by weight, typical adhesion promoters such as polyamines, polyaminoamides or
• Resorcinol derivatives are used in the range between 0, 1 and 10 wt .-%.
• the composition contains as binder and hardener:
• thermoplastic elastomer preferably a styrene / butadiene or styrene / isoprene block copolymer
• Thermoplastics preferably an ethylene / vinyl acetate or ethylene / methyl acrylate copolymer
• thermoplastic elastomer whose softening point is not higher than the temperature at which the blowing agent starts to be activated, preferably the softening point is at least about 30 ° C lower than the activation temperature of the
• the softening point is determined by DSC.
• thermoplastic elastomer is preferably selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) and block copolymers (including linear and radial block copolymers) of the AB, ABA, A (BA) nB and (AB) nY types, where A is one aromatic polyvinyl ("hard") block and the B block is a rubbery block of polybutadiene, polyisoprene or the like, which may be partially hydrogenated or fully hydrogenated, Y is a polyfunctional compound and n is an integer of at least 3.
• the hydrogenation of the B block removes originally present double bonds and increases the thermal stability of the block copolymer. Preferably, however, there is no hydrogenation.
• Suitable block copolymers include, but are not limited to, SBS (styrene / butadiene / styrene) copolymers, SIS (styrene / isoprene / styrene) copolymers, SEPS (styrene / ethylene / propylene / styrene) copolymers, SEEPS (styrene / Ethylene / ethylene / propylene / styrene) or SEBS (styrene / ethylene / butadiene / styrene) copolymers.
• SBS styrene / butadiene / styrene
• SIS styrene / isoprene / styrene copolymers
• SEPS styrene / ethylene / propylene / styrene copolymers
• Particularly suitable block copolymers are styrene / isoprene / styrene triblock polymers, as well as wholly or partially hydrogenated derivatives thereof, wherein the polyisoprene block preferably a relatively high proportion of monomer units derived from isoprene with a 1, 2 and / or 3.4 Configuration contains.
• At least about 50% of the polymerized isoprene monomer units are copolymerized in a 1,2, and / or 3,4 configuration, with the remainder of the isoprene units having a 1,4 configuration.
• block copolymers are available, for example, from Kuraray Co., Ltd. under the trade name HYBRAR.
• the "hard” blocks have a weight fraction of from about 15 to about 30 percent by weight of the block copolymer and the "soft” blocks from about 70 to about 85 percent by weight of the block copolymer.
• the glass transition temperature of the "soft" blocks is preferably from about -80 ° C to about 10 ° C, while the glass transition temperature of the "hard” blocks, preferably at about 90 0 C to about 1 10 ° C.
• the melt flow index of the block copolymer is preferably about 0.5 to about 6 g / 10 min (measured according to ASTM D1238, 190 ° C, 2.16 kg)
• the block copolymer has a number average molecular weight of from about 30,000 to about 300,000, as measured by GPC against a polystyrene Default.
• Thermoplastic polyurethanes may also be used as thermoplastic elastomers, as well as other block copolymers containing hard and soft segments, such as polystyrene / polydimethylsiloxane block copolymers, polysulfone / polydimethylsiloxane block copolymers, polyester / polyether block copolymers (e.g., copolyesters like that
• Polycarbonate / polydimethylsiloxane block copolymers and polycarbonate / polyether block copolymers are typically finely interdigitated multiphase systems or alloys and may also be used, including blends of polypropylene with ethylene-propylene rubbers (EPR) or ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubbers.
• EPR ethylene-propylene rubbers
• EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene monomer
• the expandable material preferably contains one or more non-elastomeric thermoplastics.
• the non-elastomeric thermoplastic is selected inter alia to improve the adhesive properties and processability of the expandable composition.
• thermoplastic whose softening point is not higher than the temperature at which the blowing agent begins to be activated, preferably at least about 30 ° C lower than that temperature.
• non-elastomeric thermoplastics include olefin polymers, especially copolymers of olefins (e.g., ethylene) with non-olefinic monomers (e.g., vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, (meth) acrylate esters such as C1 to C6 alkyl esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid).
• olefin polymers especially copolymers of olefins (e.g., ethylene) with non-olefinic monomers (e.g., vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, (meth) acrylate esters such as C1 to C6 alkyl esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid).
• Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers especially copolymers containing from about 16 to about 35 weight percent vinyl acetate
• ethylene / methyl acrylate copolymers especially copolymers containing from about 15 to about 35
• the weight ratio of thermoplastic elastomer to non-elastomeric thermoplastic is at least 0.5: 1 or at least 1: 1 and / or not more than 5: 1 or 2.5: 1.
• the tackifying resin may be selected from the group consisting of rosin, terpene resins, terpene phenolic resins, cracked petroleum hydrocarbon hydrocarbon resins, aromatic tackifying resins, tall oil, ketone resins, and aldehyde resins.
• Suitable rosin resins are, in particular, abietic acid, levopimaric acid, neoabietic acid, dextropimaric acid, palustric acid, alkyl esters of the abovementioned
• Resin acids and hydrogenated products of resin acid derivatives Resin acids and hydrogenated products of resin acid derivatives.
• plasticizers examples include alkyl esters of dibasic acids (eg phthalate esters), diaryl ethers, benzoates of polyalkylene glycols, organic phosphates and alkyl sulfonic acid esters of phenol or cresol.
• Another preferred subject matter of the invention contains as binder system at least one peroxidically crosslinkable polymer and at least one peroxide as a curing agent.
• peroxide-crosslinkable polymers are in principle all thermoplastic polymers and thermoplastic elastomers in question, which can be crosslinked peroxide.
• the person skilled in the art refers to such polymers as "peroxidically crosslinkable" in which a hydrogen atom can be abstracted from the main or a side chain by the action of a radical initiator, so that a radical remains which attacks other polymer chains in a second reaction step.
• the at least one peroxidically crosslinkable polymer is selected from styrene-butadiene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene block copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, functionalized ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, functionalized ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers , Ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-2-ethylhexyacrylate cololymers, ethylene-acrylic ester copolymers and polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
• a functionalized copolymer is understood according to the invention to mean a copolymer which, with additional hydroxide groups, carboxyl groups, anhydride groups,
• ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers particularly advantageous for the purposes of the present invention are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, functionalized ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, functionalized ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers, styrene-butadiene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene block copolymers, ethylene Methyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymers and ethylene (meth) acrylic acid copolymers.
• thermally curable formulations according to the invention which contain one or more ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers as sole peroxidically curable polymers, that is to say that the thermally curable preparations except the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers are substantially free of other peroxidically curable polymers.
• thermally expandable preparations are "substantially free of further peroxidically curable polymers" if they contain less than 3% by weight, preferably less than 1.5% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 0.5% by weight of a Contain peroxide-crosslinkable polymers that is not ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
• Thermally expandable preparations containing at least one ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 9 to 30 wt .-%, in particular from 15 to 20 wt .-%, completely particularly from 17.5 to 19 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the copolymer, are particularly preferred according to the invention.
• the thermally expandable preparation is a peroxidically crosslinkable polymer, in particular an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, having a melt index of from 0.3 to 400 g / 10 min, in particular from 0.5 to 45 g / 10 min, contains.
• Peroxide-crosslinkable polymers in particular ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, having a melt index of from 1.5 to 25 g / 10 min, in particular from 2 to 10 g / 10 min, very particularly from 2 to 8 g / 10 min, are advantageous. It may be advantageous according to the invention if two or more polymers with different melt indices are used in the thermally expandable preparations.
• the melt index is determined for this purpose in a capillary rheometer, wherein the polymer is melted at 190 ° C in a heatable cylinder and pressed under a by the Auflagelast (2, 16kg) resulting pressure through a defined nozzle (capillary) (ASTM D1238).
• the escaping mass is determined as a function of time.
• the thermally expandable preparations preferably contain at least 30% by weight of at least one peroxidically crosslinkable polymer.
• Thermally expandable preparations which contain from 40 to 90% by weight, in particular from 50 to 80% by weight, of at least one peroxidically crosslinkable polymer, based in each case on the total mass of the composition, are particularly preferred.
• the thermally expandable preparations may preferably contain at least one low molecular weight multifunctional acrylate
• a "low molecular weight multifunctional acrylate” is understood as meaning a compound which has at least two acrylate groups and has a molecular weight below 2400 g / mol, preferably below 800 g / mol Particularly advantageous compounds which have proved to be two, three or more Have acrylate groups per molecule.
• Preferred difunctional acrylates are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol dimethacrylate , 1, 10-dodecanediol dimethacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, 2-methyl-1, 8-octanediol dimethacrylate, 1, 9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate and polybutylene glycol dimethacrylate.
• Preferred low molecular weight acrylates having three or more acrylate groups are glycerol triacrylate, di-pentaerythritol hexaacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate (TMM), tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate (TMMT), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, di- (trimethylolpropane) tetraacrylate ( TMPA), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), tri (2-acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate and tri (2-methacryloxyethyl) trimellitate and their ethoxylated and propoxylated derivatives containing not more than 35 EO units and / or not more than 20 PO units.
• TMM pentaerythritol triacrylate
• TMMT
• a low molecular weight multifunctional acrylate selected from triethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), pentaerythritol tri
• the thermally expandable preparations can further co-crosslinkers, such as allyl compounds such as triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl trimesat, triallyl trimellitate (TATM), tetraallyl pyromellitate, the diallyl ester of 1, 1, 3-trimethyl -5-carboxy-3- (4-carboxyphenyl) indene, trimethylolpropane trimellitate (TMPTM) or phenylenedimaleimides.
• allyl compounds such as triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl trimesat, triallyl trimellitate (TATM), tetraallyl pyromellitate, the diallyl ester of 1, 1, 3-trimethyl -5-carboxy-3- (4-carboxyphenyl) indene, trimethylolpropane trimellitate (TMPTM) or phenylenedimaleimides.
• TMPTA trimethylolpropane triacrylate
• TMPTMA trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate
• the low molecular weight multifunctional acrylates are in the thermally expandable
• Preparations preferably in an amount of 0.2 to 2.5 wt .-%, in particular from 0.4 to 1, 4 wt .-%, each based on the total mass of the thermally expandable preparation.
• the organic peroxides are suitable, such as, for example, ketone peroxides, diacyl peroxides, peresters, perketals and hydroperoxides. Particularly preferred are, for example
• Methyl ethyl ketone peroxides and 4,4-di-tert-butylperoxy-n-butyl valerates.
• peroxides such as those marketed commercially by Akzo Nobel, such as 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepan, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy ) hex-3-yn, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, tert-butylcumyl peroxide, di (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene, dicumyl peroxide, butyl-4,4 di (tert-butylperoxy) valerate, tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, 1,1-di (tert-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, di (4-methylbenzoyl)
• the peroxides used are substantially inert at room temperature and are activated only when heated to higher temperatures (for example, when heated to temperatures between 130 ° C and 240 ° C). It is particularly advantageous if the peroxide used at 65 ° C has a half-life of more than 60 minutes, that is, after heating the thermally expandable preparation containing the peroxide at 65 ° C for 60 minutes less than half of the used Peroxide has decomposed. According to the invention, peroxides which have a half-life of 60 minutes at 15 ° C. may be particularly preferred.
• At least one peroxide is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of di (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene, dicumyl peroxide, 1,1-di- (tert-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, dibenzoyl peroxide and di-tert-butyl-1 , 1, 4,4-tetramethylbut-2-yn-1,4-ylene diperoxide.
• At least one or the peroxides are used in a form applied to a solid inert carrier, such as, for example, calcium carbonate and / or silica and / or kaolin.
• the peroxide is selected so that the crosslinking temperature T90 is maintained, preferably 15-35 ° C below the decomposition temperature of the endothermic blowing agent.
• the crosslinking temperature T90 is defined as the temperature at which 90% crosslinking of the material is achieved within 12 minutes.
• the at least one or the peroxides are in the thermally expandable preparations according to the invention preferably in an amount of 0.2 to 2 wt .-%, in particular in an amount from 0.5 to 1.3% by weight, in each case determined as the active substance content of peroxide, based on the total mass of the thermally expandable preparation.
• the mass ratio of the at least one peroxide to the at least one low molecular weight multifunctional acrylate is at least 1: 3.
• a mass ratio of at least 1: 3 is achieved according to the invention whenever the formulation contains at most 3 g of low molecular weight multifunctional acrylate, based on 1 g of peroxide.
• a mass ratio of at least 1: 2.5, in particular of at least 1: 1, 6 is particularly preferred.
• connection that is adhesion to the opposite sheet. It has been found that the thermally expandable preparations according to the invention, in particular in bottlenecks of the system to be sealed, have better adhesion, since the foam penetrates even into very small corners and acute angles, thus enabling a more complete sealing of the system.
• a very particularly preferred subject of the present invention are:
• At least one triglyceride fraction whose fatty acid distribution has a content of at least 5% by weight, in particular of at least 60% by weight, of one or more Q-3 fatty acids and / or one or more Q-6 fatty acids,
• At least one vulcanizing agent selected from the group consisting of
• At least one synthetic polymer having at least one C C double bond and / or at least one CZC triple bond included.
• the at least one triglyceride fraction has a fatty acid distribution with a proportion of at least 5% by weight, in particular of at least 10% by weight, very particularly preferably of at least 60% by weight, of one or more Q-3 fatty acids and / or one or more ⁇ -6 fatty acid (s).
• a "triglyceride fraction” is the sum of all triglycerides contained in the preparation, that is to say the triple ester of glycerol with three fatty acid molecules, Roger that. It does not matter for the determination of the triglyceride fraction from which raw material used the triglycerides originate.
• the fatty acid distribution of a triglyceride fraction according to the invention gives the mass fractions of the different fatty acids based on the total mass of the fatty acids in the
• Triglyceride fraction on The different proportions are usually determined by gas chromatography after release of the fatty acids as methyl esters. Accordingly, the mass of glycerine is not included in this calculation.
• Preferred ⁇ -3 fatty acids according to the invention are: hexadecatrienoic acid (16: 3; ( ⁇ -3)), alpha-linolenic acid (18: 3 ( ⁇ -3)), stearidonic acid (18: 4; ( ⁇ -3)), eicosatrienoic acid (20: 3; ( ⁇ -3)),
• Tetracosapentaenoic acid (24: 5; ( ⁇ -3)) and tetracosahexaenoic acid (24: 6; ( ⁇ -3)).
• Most preferred ⁇ -3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (18: 3 ( ⁇ -3)) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5; ( ⁇ -3)).
• Alpha-linolenic acid (18: 3 ( ⁇ -3)) is a most preferred ⁇ -3 fatty acid.
• Preferred ⁇ -6 fatty acids according to the invention are: linoleic acid (18: 2; ( ⁇ -6)), gamma-linolenic acid (18: 3; ( ⁇ -6)), calendulic acid (18: 3; ( ⁇ -6)), Eicosadienoic acid (20: 2; ( ⁇ -6)),
• Tetracosapentaenoic acid (24: 5; ( ⁇ -6)).
• Particularly preferred ⁇ -6 fatty acids are linoleic acid (18: 2; ( ⁇ -6)), gamma-linolenic acid (18: 3; ( ⁇ -6)) and arachidonic acid (20: 4; ( ⁇ -6)), wherein the linoleic acid (18: 2 ( ⁇ -6)) is a most preferred ⁇ -6 fatty acid.
• the triglyceride fraction with the proportions of omega-3 fatty acids and / or omega-6 fatty acids from a natural source for example corresponding vegetable and / or animal oils.
• vegetable oils are particularly preferred, the use of animal oils, such as fish oil or
• Triglyceride fractions according to the invention are contained, for example, in sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, tall oil, camelina oil, tung oil, linseed oil and / or hemp oil.
• Rapeseed oil, soybean oil, tall oil, camelina oil, tung oil, linseed oil and / or hemp oil are preferred according to the invention;
• Tall oil, camelina oil, tung oil, linseed oil and / or hemp oil are particularly preferred according to the invention;
• Tungöl, linseed oil and hemp oil are particularly preferred according to the invention.
• the use of linseed oil is very particularly preferred.
• the use of a combination of two, three or more suitable oils is preferred.
• the triglyceride fraction, or the oil containing the triglyceride fraction is preferably present in the compositions according to the invention in an amount of from 5 to 50% by weight, in particular from 10 to 40% by weight.
• compositions preferably contain at least one specially selected vulcanization system selected from the group consisting of: (b1) sulfur,
• synthetic or natural sulfur is used as the vulcanizing agent.
• powdered sulfur is used according to the invention; but it may also be preferred to avoid dust in the production, sulfur in admixture with a dust-binding agent, for example, mixed with mineral oil, paraffinol or silica use.
• a dust-binding agent for example, mixed with mineral oil, paraffinol or silica use.
• the content of dust-binding oils may well be chosen so that a sulfur-containing paste is used as a raw material.
• sulfur is used in the S8 configuration.
• the active substance content of sulfur in the preparations according to the invention can vary within wide limits; it can be up to 20% by weight, preferably up to about 15% by weight, in particular up to 10% by weight, based in each case on the entire preparation ; the lower limit should preferably not be less than 0.5% by weight.
• the content of sulfur depends on the reactivity of the system used and, if appropriate, the use of polymerization additives.
• radical vulcanizing agents based on organic or inorganic peroxides are used. Examples of peroxides which are preferred according to the invention are diacetyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide and
• quinones and / or quinone dioximes are used as vulcanizing agents.
• a particularly preferred member of this group is the p-benzoquinone dioxime.
• the quinones and / or quinone dioximes are preferably used in the compositions in concentrations of from 0.2% to 5% by weight.
• quinone-based vulcanizing agents are preferably used phlegmatized in paste form, for example in admixture such as mineral oils, wherein the active substance content is usually from 40 wt .-% and 70 wt .-%.
• Sulfur is a particularly preferred vulcanizing agent as a hardener for the
• dinitrosobenzenes are used as vulcanizing agents.
• This substance group is preferably used in the preparations according to the invention in a concentration of from 0.2% by weight to 5% by weight, based in each case on the entire heat-curable preparation.
• vulcanizing agent in combination with organic curing accelerators, such as mercaptobenzothiazole, dithiocarbamates, sulfenamides, disulfides such as dibenzothiazole disulfide and / or Thiuramdisulfiden, aldehyde-amine accelerators, guanidines, and / or metal oxides such as zinc oxide.
• organic curing accelerators such as mercaptobenzothiazole, dithiocarbamates, sulfenamides, disulfides such as dibenzothiazole disulfide and / or Thiuramdisulfiden, aldehyde-amine accelerators, guanidines, and / or metal oxides such as zinc oxide.
• typical rubber vulcanization aids such as fatty acids (eg, stearic acid) may be present in the formulation.
• the content of organic curing accelerator may preferably vary between 0 and about 10% by weight.
• the content of metal oxides is preferably in the range between 0 and 10 wt .-%.
• Polybutadienes in particular the 1, 4 and 1, 2-polybutadienes,
• these polymers may have terminal and / or (randomly distributed) pendant functional groups.
• functional groups are hydroxy, carboxyl, carboxylic acid anhydride or epoxy groups, in particular maleic anhydride groups.
• These polymers can in particular be selected from the abovementioned polyenes and be present in the same amounts.
• compositions of the invention further contain a thermally activatable blowing agent.
• Suitable thermally activatable blowing agents are, in principle, all known blowing agents, such as, for example, “chemical blowing agents” which release gases upon decomposition by thermal treatment, or "physical blowing agents", that is to say in particular thermally
• exothermic chemical blowing agents examples include azo compounds,
• Hydrazide compounds, nitroso compounds and carbazide compounds such as aazobisisobutyronitrile, azodicarbonamide (ADCA), di-nitroso-pentamethylenetetramine, 4,4'-oxybis (benzenesulfonic acid hydrazide) (OBSH), 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrazide,
• ADCA azobisisobutyronitrile
• ADCA azodicarbonamide
• OBSH 4,4'-oxybis (benzenesulfonic acid hydrazide)
• 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrazide 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrazide
• Trihydrazinotriazine, p-toluenesulfonylhydrazide and p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide Trihydrazinotriazine, p-toluenesulfonylhydrazide and p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide.
• the exothermic chemical, thermally activatable blowing agents are preferably present in an amount of from 0.5 to 6% by weight, in particular from 0.7 to 3% by weight, in each case based on the total application preparation.
• compositions of the invention may also preferably comprise an endothermic chemical blowing agent, especially selected from bicarbonates, solid, optional functionalized, polycarboxylic acids and their salts and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable bicarbonates are those of the formula XHCO 3, wherein X may be any cation, in particular an alkali metal ion, preferably Na + or K +, with Na + being highly preferred. Other suitable cations X + can be selected from NH4 +, 14 Zn2 +,! Mg 2+ ,! Ca 2+ and their mixtures.
• Suitable polycarboxylic acids include, but are not limited to, solid, organic di-, tri- or tetra-acids, especially hydroxy-functionalized or unsaturated di-, tri-, tetra- or polycarboxylic acids such as citric, tartaric, malic, fumaric and maleic acids , Particularly preferred is the use of citric acid.
• citric acid One of the benefits of citric acid is that it is an environmentally sustainable propellant.
• Particularly preferred blowing agents are
• Sodium bicarbonate and / or citric acid / citrates most preferably the propellant is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid / citrate.
• the compositions contain at least one endothermic chemical blowing agent in an amount of 0.1 to 35 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 5 to 25 wt .-%, most preferably 10 to 25 wt .-%, each based on the total composition. Unless otherwise specified, the percentages by weight refer to the total composition prior to expansion.
• Expandable plastic microbubbles based on polyvinylidene chloride copolymers or acrylonitrile / (meth) acrylate copolymers can be used as physical blowing agents. These are available, for example, under the names “Dualite®” and “Expancel®” from the companies Pierce & Stevens and Akzo Nobel, respectively.
• thermally expandable preparations a combination of at least one chemical, thermally activatable blowing agent and at least one physical, thermally activatable blowing agent.
• the amount of propellant is preferably chosen so that the volume of the thermally expandable mass increases irreversibly when heated to activation temperature (or expansion temperature) by at least 5%, preferably at least 10% and in particular at least 20%.
• the mass irreversibly increases its volume in comparison to the initial volume at room temperature (22 ° C.) upon heating to the activation temperature in such a way that it cools down to room temperature by at least 5%, preferably at least 10% and in particular at least 20% greater than before heating.
• the specified degree of expansion refers that is, the volume of the mass at room temperature before and after the temporary heating to the activation temperature.
• the upper limit of the degree of expansion ie the irreversible increase in volume, can be adjusted by the choice of the amount of blowing agent so that it is less than 300%, in particular less than 200%.
• the activation temperature is preferably in the range of 120 to 220 ° C. This temperature should preferably be maintained for a period of time in the range of 10 to 150 minutes.
• the adhesive composition contains 0, 1 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 2 wt .-%, of the at least one thermally activatable blowing agent.
• the composition contains at least one light filler, wherein light-blown particles of at least one glass-rich volcanic rock with a closed outer shell are used.
• the raw material for this light filler is at least one glassy volcanic rock containing bound water (e.g., water of crystallization) and thus intumescent.
• the starting materials or raw materials are, in particular, the rocks obsidian, vermiculite and / or pumice, preferably obsidian, very particularly preferably perlite.
• these raw materials are cost-effective and, on the other hand, very stable, so that the expanded particles of at least one glass-rich volcanic rock, in particular perlite, are favorable in comparison to other lightweight fillers and are also pressure-stable. Due to the pressure stability, these particles are particularly suitable for pumpable compositions.
• the expanded outer shell particles can be made by bloating the volcanic rock, especially perlite, in a thermal expansion process (e.g., at temperatures of about 700 to 1000 ° C), which glass begins to glow and multiply its volume.
• a thermal expansion process e.g., at temperatures of about 700 to 1000 ° C
• the particles according to the invention preferably of pearlite, have a closed outer shell, in particular the particles have a closed-cell spherical structure. Due to the closed outer shell no binder, no other component of
• compositions and also no water penetrate into the light filler which the resulting properties of the composition, such as the density, the hardness or the
• the expanded perlite particles with a closed Outer shell preferably have a maximum particle size of no 1000 ⁇ , especially less than 750 ⁇ , preferably less than 500 ⁇ , more preferably less than 400 ⁇ (determined by sieve analysis, with a sieve with the appropriate mesh size leaves all particles through).
• the expanded particles have a weight-average particle size d50 of less than 500 ⁇ m, in particular of less than 300 ⁇ m. Preference is given to expanded particles having a weight-average particle size d50 of from 10 to 500 ⁇ m, in particular from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably from 30 to 125 ⁇ m (determinable by sieve analysis).
• the expanded particles have as light filler a bulk density of less than 500 kg / m 3 , in particular from 10 to 500 kg / m 3 , preferably from 100 to 400 kg / m 3 , preferably from 200 to 270 kg / m 3 .
• compositions containing expanded particles having the preferred sizes or bulk densities are particularly homogeneous to mix and highly pumpable, which improves both the handling and the mechanical properties of the resulting products.
• the surface of the expanded particles has been modified.
• the surface has functional groups, such as hydroxyl, sulfur, acid and / or acid anhydride groups.
• the surface can also be silanized with organosilanes, in particular with sulfur-containing organosilanes.
• the silanization with sulfur-containing organosilanes can be carried out, for example, with the organosilane Si-69 from Evonik.
• the composition contains as light filler 1 to 35 wt .-%, in particular 2 to 25 wt .-%, preferably 3 to 20 wt .-%, each based on the total composition of at least one expanded particle at least one glassy volcanic Rock with a closed outer shell, preferably at least one expanded perlite with a closed outer shell.
• the thermally expandable compositions may contain further customary components, such as, for example, fillers, plasticizers, reactive diluents, rheology aids, wetting agents, adhesion promoters, aging inhibitors, stabilizers and / or color pigments.
• compositions according to the invention also contain at least one antioxidant.
• the conventional synthetic antioxidants for example sterically hindered phenols or amine derivatives, are suitable according to the invention, it has proved to be particularly advantageous in the context of the invention when a natural antioxidant is used.
• Wingstay® commercially available products as well as the 2,2-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (3,5-di-tert-butyl -4-hydroxy toluene)
• a natural antioxidant is understood as meaning a compound which can be obtained from naturally renewable raw materials. It is particularly preferred when compounds are used as natural antioxidants that emerge directly, that is, without chemical modification, from natural resources.
• Preferred examples of this substance group according to the invention are tocopherol, squalene and sesamolin. Tocopherol is very particularly preferred according to the invention.
• the antioxidants especially the natural antioxidants, are used in the following
• compositions according to the invention preferably in amounts of 0, 1 to 5 wt .-%, in particular from 0.2 to 3 wt .-%, each based on the total composition used.
• Compositions further contain at least one inorganic filler.
• the first group of inorganic fillers are, for example, the various milled or precipitated crayons, calcium magnesium carbonates, calcium oxide, barite and in particular silicate fillers of the aluminum-magnesium-calcium silicate type, for example wollastonite or chlorite, or alumunium borosilicate glasses. Chalks are
• Inventive preferred inorganic fillers are ground mineral chalks.
• calcium oxide is a particularly preferred inorganic filler in the context of the present invention.
• the content of calcium carbonate and / or calcium oxide, in particular calcium oxide may preferably vary between 5% by weight to about 50% by weight, based on the total composition. In the case of calcium oxide, concentrations of from 0 to about 10% by weight, in particular from 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total composition, are preferred.
• the inorganic fillers is surface-pretreated;
• the different calcium carbonates have and chalking a coating with at least one fatty acid, in particular with stearic acid, proved to be useful.
• Preparations can be used are the platelet-shaped fillers.
• hot-curing formulations which are at least one platelet-shaped
• Contain filler such as graphite, vermiculite, mica, talc or similar sheet silicates.
• Graphite is a particularly preferred flaky filler in the context of the present invention.
• the platelet-shaped fillers are preferably used when a positive influence on the acoustic properties is desired.
• the content of platelet-shaped fillers may preferably be between 2% by weight and up to 15%
• a third group of preferred inorganic fillers according to the invention are:
• Rheology additives that may have an influence on the rheology and / or strength of the preparations.
• the rheology additives are preferably selected from silicon dioxide and / or carbon black.
• silicon dioxide according to the invention also includes the “silica” or
• the preparations have at least one
• carbon black is preferably understood as meaning industrially produced carbon black, which is also referred to in English as "carbon black”.
• a content of 0 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 4% by weight, very particularly 0.5 to 3% by weight, of a rheology additive, preferably selected from silicon dioxide and / or carbon black, based on the total heat-curable preparation is particularly preferred.
• compositions comprise a combination of two or more inorganic fillers.
• a combination of at least one inorganic filler selected from calcium carbonate and / or calcium oxide and at least one flake-form inorganic filler and / or at least one rheology additive is particularly preferred according to the invention.
• At least one inorganic filler selected from calcium carbonate and / or calcium oxide
• the inorganic fillers are preferably used in an amount of 10 to 70 wt .-%, in particular from 30 to 60 wt .-%, each based on the mass of the composition.
• compositions according to the invention may further comprise fibers.
• Fibers preferred according to the invention are selected from carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers,
• Silicon nitride fibers metal fibers, ceramic fibers, boron fibers, basalt fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyester fibers and / or natural fibers, flax and sisal fibers being particularly preferred as natural fibers.
• the fibers are in the hot-curing formulations preferably in an amount of 0 to 6 wt .-%, in particular from 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the total
• Composition included.
• compositions according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that they can be heated reversibly (without a significant change in the temperature-dependent viscosity behavior) to temperatures of up to 70 ° C. and consequently several times within this
• Temperature range can be transported and / or transformed by means of heated pumps.
• the composition is pumpable at temperatures below 70 ° C. Pumpable at temperatures below 70 ° C
• compositions "according to the invention are understood to mean compositions which, at temperatures below 70 ° C., could be applied from a storage vessel to the site of application with conventional pumps having a pressure of less than 250 bar, in particular less than 200 bar, especially from 6 to 180 bar.
• compositions particularly preferably have a viscosity at 25 ° C. of from 0.1 to 500 Pas, in particular from 1 to 250 Pas, preferably from 5 to 100 Pas. Most preferably, the compositions have a viscosity at 50 ° C of 0.1 to 500 Pas, in particular from 1 to 250 Pas, preferably from 5 to 100 Pas.
• the viscosities in the context of the present application are determined under the following measurement conditions: plate-geometry rotational rheometer (PP20), measured in oscillation at 10% deformation and a frequency of 100 rad / s, layer thickness of material 0, 2mm.
• PP20 plate-geometry rotational rheometer
• Temperatures below 70 ° C pumpable are that at 60 ° C and a pump pressure of 6 bar, a flow of at least 100g / min, preferably from 150g / min to 4500g / min, more preferably from 250g / min to 3000g / min when opened from a fully filled, commercial aluminum nozzle cartridge with a capacity of 310ml and an inner diameter of 46mm, the outlet opening was opened by means of a cartridge piercer with an outer diameter of 9mm, without attachment of a nozzle at a
• the density of the composition is max. 2 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.9 to 1, 5 g / cm 3 and further preferably 1 to 1, 2 g / cm 3 .
• the composition contains
• the composition contains
• a vulcanization system 0.1 to 15% by weight of a vulcanization system, at least one vulcanizing agent selected from the group consisting of
• compositions preferably contain all the other ingredients listed above alone or in combination in the correspondingly preferred amounts.
• compositions according to the invention can be prepared by mixing the selected
• Components in any suitable mixer such as a Dispersion mixer, a planetary mixer, a twin-screw mixer, a continuous mixer or an extruder, in particular a twin-screw extruder.
• compositions according to the invention until use is preferably carried out in nozzle cartridges or barrels, such as hobbocks.
• the composition according to the invention is transported with conventional, heated pumps from the storage container to the site of the application and applied there.
• An order up to a layer thickness of 5 cm is easily possible, so that larger cavities, such as pipes with a corresponding inner diameter, can be filled easily.
• the expansion of the applied composition is carried out by heating, wherein the preparation is heated for a certain time to a certain temperature which is sufficient to the
• temperatures are usually in the range of 130 ° C to 240 ° C, preferably 150 ° C to 200 ° C, with a residence time of 10 to 90 minutes, preferably 15 to 60 minutes.
• the type of heat source plays no role in principle, so the heat can be supplied for example by a hot air blower, by irradiation with microwaves, by magnetic induction or by heating tongs.
• a hot air blower by irradiation with microwaves, by magnetic induction or by heating tongs.
• Powder coating is done so that can be dispensed with a separate heating step.
• the hardening exothermicity is inventively by DSC measurement in a Temperature range from 25 ° C to 250 ° C determined with a heating rate of 5K / min.
• Another object of the invention is a method for stiffening and / or reinforcing components with thin-walled structures, in particular solved by tubular structures, wherein the above composition at a temperature below 70 ° C to the surface of the structure to be reinforced, in particular with a Pump pressure greater than 3 bar is applied, and this composition is cured at a later date at temperatures above 130 ° C.
• compositions in a temperature range of 40 ° C to 60 ° C are particularly preferred according to the invention.
• an application at an application pressure of 6 bar to 180 bar is particularly preferred.
• the actual hardening takes place at a "later point in time.”
• the components to be stiffened are connected to the
• the intermediate storage may include, for example, the transport to another factory. Such intermediate storage can take up to several weeks.
• the components to be stiffened are subjected to a curing step shortly after coating with the composition according to the invention. This can be done immediately or in a production line after reaching one of the following stations. It is within the scope of this embodiment
• the curing step takes place within 24 hours, in particular within 3 hours, after application of the composition according to the invention.
• compositions according to the invention can be used in all products which have cavities or pipe constructions to be reinforced. These are next to the
• Vehicles such as aircraft, household appliances, furniture, buildings, walls, partitions or boats and all devices having a load-bearing frame construction made of pipes, such as sports equipment, mobility aids, racks and bicycles.
• sports equipment in which the present invention can be used to advantage include bicycles, fishing nets, fishing rods, goal posts, tennis net posts, and the like
• recumbents should also be included.
• joints such as folding wheels according to the invention are included.
• three- or multi-wheeled vehicles should be included.
• inventive preparations can be used to the
• Frame structures of mobility aids such as wheelchairs, roilators, crutches, hospital bars or walking sticks to reinforce.
• inventive preparation can be used advantageously.
• Another preferred field of application of the present invention is the field of tools.
• tools There are no fundamental restrictions with regard to the type of tools. For example, it may be crafting equipment, professional tools, gardening tools such as spades or wheelbarrows, or kitchen appliances. All these components have in common that the preparation according to the invention makes it possible to stabilize the construction without substantially increasing the total weight.
• compositions according to the invention can advantageously be used for the stabilization of frames.
• frame lateral enclosures, such as picture frames, window frames or door frames understood.
• Another field of application is the reinforcement of racks of all kinds. Also in this application area, the high stability of the correspondingly reinforced structures is in the foreground.
• the preparation according to the invention include, for example ladders of any kind, but also construction site scaffolding, scaffolding for the fair, constructions for concert stages such as trusses used carrying and body structures and lighting poles for stadiums or bleachers.
• Another broad area of application is the field of street equipment. In addition to traffic lights and lighting systems, all other constructions such as
• waiting shelters for example, waiting shelters, platform railings, seating constructions, street signs,
• a third object of the present invention is the use of a
• Composition according to the invention for stiffening and / or reinforcing components with thin-walled structures, in particular of tubular structures.
• a fourth object of the present invention is a thin-walled structural member which has been stiffened and / or reinforced with a composition of the invention after curing.
• compositions were mixed together according to Table 1. Subsequently, the density of the composition and the viscosity at 40 ° C was determined. To test the properties of the reinforcement of hollow bodies, the composition was foamed at 160 ° C for 20 minutes and cured at the same time.
• compositions 3 and 4 of the present invention with the closed outer shell expanded Perl it particles are both easy to handle and can be pumped without damage to the lightweight filler at pressures up to 360 bar. Due to their closed outer shell and pressure stability, these particles do not take any part of the
• compositions and no water, so that the weight-reducing effect obtained remains and the other mechanical properties are not adversely affected.
• these compositions also show excellent adhesion and a particularly smooth surface of the foamed product.
• these compositions have a particularly high strength.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Nanotechnology (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=59362897

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (26)

• 2017
  • 2017-06-28 EP EP17178456.4A patent/EP3421527B1/de active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-06-27 MX MX2019014649A patent/MX2019014649A/es unknown
  • 2018-06-27 KR KR1020197023867A patent/KR102771118B1/ko active Active
  • 2018-06-27 JP JP2019572233A patent/JP7242572B2/ja active Active
  • 2018-06-27 WO PCT/EP2018/067224 patent/WO2019002353A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2018-06-27 CN CN201880042510.1A patent/CN110785462A/zh active Pending
• 2019
  • 2019-11-25 US US16/693,637 patent/US12215246B2/en active Active

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events