WO2019001104A1 - 一种兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019001104A1
WO2019001104A1 PCT/CN2018/083682 CN2018083682W WO2019001104A1 WO 2019001104 A1 WO2019001104 A1 WO 2019001104A1 CN 2018083682 W CN2018083682 W CN 2018083682W WO 2019001104 A1 WO2019001104 A1 WO 2019001104A1
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parts
coating
preparation
radar
diluent
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PCT/CN2018/083682
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘若鹏
赵治亚
张运湘
刘凯
胡建景
曾元强
黄金国
唐鑫
张璐
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洛阳尖端技术研究院
洛阳尖端装备技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2019001104A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019001104A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C09D183/08—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/30—Camouflage paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0812—Aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of functional coating materials, and more particularly to an infrared coating compatible with radar stealth and a preparation method thereof.
  • stealth technologies include radar stealth, infrared stealth, laser stealth, sound stealth, and visible light stealth.
  • target detection of military aircraft is about 60%, infrared 30%, and other 10%. Therefore, the main threat in the military field is still radar and infrared detection.
  • Stealth technology research also focuses on radar and infrared stealth, while controlling other signal characteristics such as laser, sound, visible light, etc., in order to obtain multifunctional, high-performance stealth functional materials and structural materials.
  • the infrared radar is compatible with the stealth coating. Because it contains a large number of unconductive high-conductivity pigments, thick coating, and no dielectric regulation, the dielectric constant of the coating is high, and the radar wave has a high The reflectivity greatly reduces the radar stealth performance of compatible stealth materials. In addition, structural type compatible stealth materials such as photonic crystal films, frequency selective surfaces, etc., due to their complicated processing technology, high cost, poor matching with equipment, etc., the engineering application is not high.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-transparency and low-reflectivity compatible radar stealth infrared coating, thereby realizing infrared radar compatible stealth performance.
  • a method for preparing an infrared coating compatible with a radar stealth comprises: taking 66-72 parts of resin binder, 28-34 parts of aluminum powder, 8-24 parts of color Filling, 10-20 parts of the color paste are uniformly mixed to prepare a pre-dispersed slurry; and a diluent and a rheological assistant are added to the pre-dispersed slurry to adjust the viscosity of the pre-dispersed slurry to 13-18 s.
  • the step of preparing the predispersed slurry by mixing 66-72 parts of the resin binder, 28-34 parts of the aluminum powder, 8-24 parts of the pigment filler, and 10-20 parts of the color paste is uniformly prepared.
  • the resin binder, the aluminum powder, the pigment mixture and the color paste are mixed by stirring at a high speed disperser at 200-450 rpm for 0.4-0.8 h, and a diluent is added while stirring.
  • the step of drying the coating layer further comprises: baking the coating in a clean space for more than 12 hours or after drying the surface in a temperature of 60-80 ° C for 2-4 hours.
  • the resin binder is a combination of one or more of a polyurethane, a fluororesin, an epoxy-modified silicone resin, a urethane-modified silicone resin, and a fluorine-modified polyurethane.
  • the pigment filler is a combination of one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyphenylene ether, and fluorine-doped polyimide.
  • the color paste is a blue, green, yellow or black color paste.
  • the diluent is a combination of one or more of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, xylene, cyclohexanone, isophorone;
  • the rheology aid is gas phase dioxide A combination of one or more of silicon, talc, magnesium aluminum silicate, modified bentonite, and polyethylene wax.
  • the curing agent is a combination of one or more of a TDI adduct, an HDI biuret, an HDI trimer, and the like.
  • the invention solves the problem that the infrared stealth is incompatible with the radar stealth for a long time, and realizes the infrared stealth performance matching of the radar absorbing coating and the super material absorbing material consistent with the principle of the circuit simulation absorber.
  • the compatible infrared low emissivity coating thickness of the invention is less than 35 ⁇ m, the infrared emissivity of 8-14 ⁇ m is less than 0.2, the average reflectance of the radar wave of 2-18 GHz is less than or equal to 10%, and the radar loss performance of the 2-18 GHz band is less than 3 dB. Achieve excellent results.
  • the invention can be applied to a radar absorbing material such as a radar absorbing coating, a circuit simulating an absorber-based super material, etc., which requires high transmittance and low reflection of the infrared coating, thereby realizing the compatibility of the infrared radar with stealth performance. It can be used in aircraft, rockets, land surface equipment and surface ships to improve the integrated stealth performance of the equipment.
  • a radar absorbing material such as a radar absorbing coating, a circuit simulating an absorber-based super material, etc.
  • the radar compatible infrared coating of the invention can be applied to a plurality of types of radar stealth materials, realizes infrared radar compatible stealth, and has the advantages of low cost, excellent performance and good matching with equipment shape.
  • the pigment filler can satisfy the infrared performance (that is, it is required to have high conductivity and high reflectivity), and is compatible with the radar stealth performance (that is, the pigment filler is required to have low conductivity). , low dielectric parameter), therefore, the invention realizes the preparation of the radar compatible infrared coating by selecting suitable pigment filler and controlling the pigment, such as morphology, size and content, and the process is simple and the cost is low
  • the prepared radar compatible infrared coating has excellent performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for preparing an infrared coating compatible with a radar stealth, in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the preparation method of the temperature resistant infrared low emissivity coating provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
  • step S101 shown in FIG. 1 66-72 parts of resin binder, 28-34 parts of aluminum powder, 8-24 parts of pigment filler, and 10-20 parts of color paste are uniformly mixed to prepare a predispersed material.
  • the slurry was mixed with a resin binder, an aluminum powder, a pigment filler, and a color paste by stirring at a high speed disperser at 200-450 rpm for 0.4-0.8 h.
  • 68 parts of a resin binder, 27 parts of aluminum powder, 16 parts of a pigment, and 15 parts of a color paste are weighed, stirred at 300 rpm for 0.6 h with a high speed disperser, and a diluent is added while stirring.
  • the pigment filler is a low dielectric pigment filler with a low dielectric constant, such as a low dielectric pigment filler having a dielectric constant of less than 3.0
  • the resin binder is polyurethane, fluororesin, epoxy modified silicone resin, polyurethane modified A combination of one or more of a silicone resin or a fluorine-modified polyurethane.
  • the pigment filler is a combination of one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyphenylene ether, and fluorine-doped polyimide.
  • the color paste is a blue, green, yellow or black color paste.
  • the stirred pre-dispersion slurry is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24-48 hours, or placed in a ball mill at a ball mill for 20-12 hours at 20-60 rpm. After standing for 8-12 hours, it is allowed to stand for 1-3 h; preferably, it will be stirred well.
  • the pre-dispersed slurry was allowed to stand at room temperature for 36 h, or placed in a ball mill at a ball mill for 10 h at 40 rpm, and allowed to stand for 2 h.
  • the pre-dispersed slurry is appropriately diluted, put into a laboratory sand mill for grinding, and ground for 0.3h-0.5h, preferably 0.5h, and then placed in a stirred tank;
  • the appropriate diluent is added to the ground material and stirred with a high speed disperser at a rotational speed of less than 500 rpm, preferably 400 rpm.
  • a diluent and a rheology aid are added to the pre-dispersed slurry to adjust the viscosity of the pre-dispersed slurry.
  • the diluent is a combination of one or more of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, xylene, cyclohexanone and isophorone;
  • the rheological assistant is fumed silica, talc, aluminum silicate A combination of one or more of magnesium, modified bentonite, and polyethylene wax.
  • the viscosity of the pre-dispersed slurry is adjusted to a range of 13-18 s, preferably to 15 s.
  • a curing agent is added to the pre-dispersed slurry to uniformly disperse, and an infrared coating compatible with the radar stealth is prepared, wherein the curing agent is a TDI adduct, HDI biuret, HDI.
  • the curing agent is a TDI adduct, HDI biuret, HDI.
  • a radar-compatible infrared paint is sprayed onto the absorbing material to obtain a coating.
  • the absorbing material is an absorbing coating or a circuit simulation absorber.
  • the coating is dried, specifically, the coating is dried in a clean space for more than 12 hours or after drying in a 60-80 ° C environment for 2-4 hours. Ground, the coating surface is dried for more than 12h or after the surface is dried and baked at 70 ° C for 3 hours.
  • the stirred pre-dispersion slurry is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h, or placed in a ball mill tank (grinding beads diameter greater than 8mm) in a planetary ball mill at 20rpm variable speed ball milling 8h, after standing for 1h;
  • the pre-dispersed slurry is appropriately diluted, and put into a laboratory sand mill for grinding (grinding medium diameter is greater than 0.8 mm), and after grinding for 0.4 h, it is placed in a stirring tank;
  • the ground material will be added with appropriate diluent ethyl acetate and stirred with a high-speed disperser at a speed of 450 rpm. During the stirring process, an appropriate amount of diluent ethyl acetate and rheological additive talc powder are added for rheological properties. Adjusted to adjust the viscosity of the pre-dispersed slurry to 16 s;
  • the sprayed sample is dried in the clean space for more than 12 hours or after being dried in the environment at 60 °C for 4 hours;
  • the sample is subjected to environmental resistance such as high temperature resistance, low temperature, thermal shock resistance and neutral salt spray corrosion resistance test.
  • the stirred pre-dispersed slurry is allowed to stand at room temperature for 48h, or placed in a ball mill tank (grinding beads diameter greater than 8mm) in a planetary ball mill at 60rpm variable speed ball milling 8h, after standing for 3h;
  • the pre-dispersed slurry is appropriately diluted and put into a laboratory sand mill for grinding (grinding medium diameter is greater than 0.8 mm), and after grinding for 0.3 h, it is placed in a stirring tank;
  • the sprayed sample is dried in the clean space for more than 12 hours or after the research table is dried and baked at 80 °C for 2 hours;
  • the sample is subjected to environmental resistance such as high temperature resistance, low temperature, thermal shock resistance and neutral salt spray corrosion resistance test.
  • the stirred pre-dispersion slurry is allowed to stand at room temperature for 32h, or placed in a ball mill tank (grinding beads diameter greater than 8mm) in a planetary ball mill at 40rpm variable speed ball milling 10h, after standing for 2h;
  • the pre-dispersed slurry is appropriately diluted, and put into a laboratory sand mill for grinding (grinding medium diameter is greater than 0.8 mm), and after grinding for 0.5 h, it is placed in a stirring tank;
  • the ground material will be added with the appropriate diluent ethyl acetate and stirred with a high-speed disperser at a speed of 420 rpm. During the stirring process, an appropriate amount of diluent ethyl acetate and rheological additives modified bentonite are added for rheological transformation. Performance adjustment to adjust the viscosity of the pre-dispersed slurry to 17s;
  • the sprayed sample is dried in the clean space for more than 12 hours or after being dried in the 70 °C environment for 3 hours;
  • the sample is subjected to environmental resistance such as high temperature resistance, low temperature, thermal shock resistance and neutral salt spray corrosion resistance test.
  • the stirred pre-dispersion slurry is allowed to stand at room temperature for 40h, or placed in a ball mill tank (grinding beads diameter greater than 8mm) on a planetary ball mill at 50rpm variable speed ball milling 9h, after standing for 1.5h;
  • the pre-dispersed slurry is appropriately diluted, and put into a laboratory sand mill for grinding (grinding medium diameter is greater than 0.8 mm), and after grinding for 0.4 h, it is placed in a stirring tank;
  • the ground material will be added with a suitable diluent, ethyl butyrate, and stirred at a high speed disperser at a speed of 480 rpm.
  • a suitable diluent ethyl butyrate
  • rheological additive polyethylene wax are added.
  • the sample is subjected to environmental resistance such as high temperature resistance, low temperature, thermal shock resistance and neutral salt spray corrosion resistance test.
  • the stirred pre-dispersed slurry is allowed to stand at room temperature for 46h, or placed in a ball mill tank (grinding beads diameter greater than 8mm) in a planetary ball mill at 45rpm variable speed ball milling 11h, after standing for 2.5h;
  • the pre-dispersed slurry is appropriately diluted, and put into a laboratory sand mill for grinding (grinding medium diameter is greater than 0.8 mm), and after grinding for 0.5 h, it is placed in a stirring tank;
  • the ground material will be added to the appropriate diluent and stirred by a high-speed disperser at a speed of 300 rpm. During the stirring process, an appropriate amount of diluent ethyl acetate and a rheological additive fumed silica are added for rheological property adjustment. To adjust the viscosity of the pre-dispersed slurry to 15s;
  • the sprayed sample is dried in the clean space for more than 12 hours or after being dried in the environment at 65 °C for 3.5 hours;
  • the sample is subjected to environmental resistance such as high temperature resistance, low temperature, thermal shock resistance and neutral salt spray corrosion resistance test.
  • the stirred pre-dispersion slurry is allowed to stand at room temperature for 32h, or placed in a ball mill tank (grinding beads diameter greater than 8mm) on a planetary ball mill at 50rpm variable speed ball milling 11h, after standing for 3h;
  • the pre-dispersed slurry is appropriately diluted, and put into a laboratory sand mill for grinding (grinding medium diameter is greater than 0.8 mm), and after 3 cycles of grinding, it is placed in a stirring tank;
  • the sprayed sample is dried in the clean space for more than 12 hours or after the test surface is dried and baked at 80 °C for 4 hours;
  • the sample is subjected to environmental resistance such as high temperature resistance, low temperature, thermal shock resistance and neutral salt spray corrosion resistance test.
  • the thickness of the coating is less than 35 ⁇ m; the infrared reflectivity of the prepared radar stealth-compatible infrared coating is lower, the infrared emissivity of 8-14 ⁇ m is lower than 0.15, and the average reflectance of the 2-18GHz radar wave is less than or equal to 10%; the prepared radar-invisible infrared coating has an impact on the 2-18 GHz absorbing performance of less than 3 dB; the prepared radar-invisible infrared coating is resistant to high temperatures, and the surface is exposed at 150 ° C for 4 h.
  • the binding force is not weakened; the infrared coating compatible with the radar stealth is also resistant to low temperature, and the surface is normal after 4 hours at -50 ° C, and the binding force is not weakened;
  • the infrared coating compatible with the radar stealth is instantaneously alternately impacted for 3 cycles in the temperature range of -50 ° C - 150 ° C, the surface is normal, the bonding force is not deteriorated;
  • the prepared radar stealth-compatible red NSS corrosion resistance of the coating is greater than 200h.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层的制备方法，包括：取66-72份树脂粘合剂、28-34份铝粉、8-24份颜填料、10-20份色浆混合均匀以制备得到预分散料浆；向预分散料浆中加入稀释剂和流变助剂以将预分散料浆的粘度调节至13-18s的范围内；向预分散料浆中加入固化剂，分散均匀，制备得到兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料；将兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料喷涂在吸波材料上以得到涂层；以及将涂层表干。

Description

一种兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于功能涂层材料技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层及其制备方法。
 背景技术
现阶段，隐身技术有雷达隐身、红外隐身、激光隐身、声隐身以及可见光隐身等。现阶段对军用飞行器的目标探测中，雷达大约为60%，红外30%，其它10%。因此，军事领域的主要威胁目前仍然是雷达与红外探测。隐身技术研究也以雷达和红外隐身为重点，同时控制激光、声、可见光等其它信号特征，以期获得多功能、高性能的隐身功能材料和结构材料。
但是，研究表明雷达吸波材料要求材料高吸收、低反射，但吸收的电磁能在材料内部转化为热能，增加了材料的表面温度，极易被红外探测器识别。另外，红外隐身要求材料低吸收、高反射，这使得雷达波在材料表面直接反射回去，达不到雷达隐身的效果。因此，研究兼容红外和雷达多波段隐身已成为研究的热点。
 技术问题
以往的红外雷达兼容隐身涂层，由于含有大量未经筛选的高导电颜填料、涂层较厚、未进行介电调控等原因而使涂层介电常数较高，对雷达波具有较高的反射率，使兼容隐身材料的雷达隐身性能大为降低。另外，结构型兼容隐身材料如光子晶体膜、频率选择表面等因其加工工艺复杂、成本高、与装备外形匹配性差等原因，工程大量应用性并不高。
 技术解决方案
为了解决现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种高透过性和低反射性的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层，从而实现红外雷达兼容隐身性能。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：取66-72份树脂粘合剂、28-34份铝粉、8-24份颜填料、10-20份色浆混合均匀以制备得到预分散料浆；向所述预分散料浆中加入稀释剂和流变助剂以将所述预分散料浆的粘度调节至13-18s的范围内；向所述预分散料浆中加入固化剂，分散均匀，制备得到兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料；将所述兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料喷涂在吸波材料上以得到涂层；以及将所述涂层表干。
在上述制备方法中，在所述取66-72份树脂粘合剂、28-34份铝粉、8-24份颜填料、10-20份色浆混合均匀以制备得到预分散料浆的步骤中，通过高速分散机在200-450rpm下搅拌0.4-0.8h实施所述树脂粘合剂、所述铝粉、所述颜填料和所述色浆的混合物，并且边搅拌边加入稀释剂。
在上述制备方法中，在向所述预分散料浆中加入稀释剂和流变助剂的步骤之前，在向所述预分散料浆中加入稀释剂和流变助剂的步骤之后，进一步包括：将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置24-48h，或者放入球磨罐在球磨机上20-60rpm变转速球磨8-12h后，静置1-3h；将预分散好的浆料进行稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨，研磨0.3h-0.5h后放入搅拌罐；向研磨好的料中加入稀释剂用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速小于500rpm。
在上述制备方法中，将所述涂层表干的步骤进一步包括：将所述涂层在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在60-80℃温度环境下烘烤2-4h。
在上述制备方法中，所述树脂粘合剂为聚氨酯、氟树脂、环氧改性有机硅树脂、聚氨酯改性有机硅树脂、氟改性聚氨酯中的一种或者多种的组合。
在上述制备方法中，所述颜填料为聚四氟乙烯、聚酰亚胺、聚苯醚、掺氟聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种的组合。
在上述制备方法中，所述色浆为蓝色、绿色、黄色或者黑色色浆。
在上述制备方法中，所述稀释剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、二甲苯、环己酮、异佛尔酮中的一种或者多种的组合；所述流变助剂为气相二氧化硅、滑石粉、硅酸铝镁、改性膨润土、聚乙烯蜡中的一种或者多种的组合。
在上述制备方法中，所述固化剂为TDI加成物、HDI缩二脲、HDI三聚体等异氰酸酯中的一种或者多种的组合。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提供了一种根据上述制备方法制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层。
本发明解决了长期以来红外隐身与雷达隐身不兼容的问题，实现了针对雷达吸波涂层和与电路模拟吸收体原理一致的超材料类吸波材料的红外隐身性能匹配。本发明兼容型红外低发射率涂层厚度小于35μm，8-14μm红外发射率小于0.2，对2-18GHz雷达波平均反射率小于或者等于10%，对2-18GHz波段雷达损耗性能影响小于3dB，达到优异的效果。
本发明可以应用于雷达吸波涂层、电路模拟吸收体基超材料等要求红外涂层具有高透过性和低反射性的雷达隐身材料，从而实现红外雷达兼容隐身性能。可用于飞机、火箭、陆面装备和水面舰船等，提高装备的综合隐身性能。
本发明雷达兼容型红外涂层能够适用于多类雷达隐身材料，实现红外雷达兼容隐身，且具有成本低、性能优异且与装备外形匹配性好等优点。
 有益效果
本发明中通过对红外涂层颜填料进行选择与控制，使得颜填料既能够满足红外性能（即要求其具有高电导率高反射率），又兼容雷达隐身性能（即要求颜填料具有低电导率，低介电参数），因此，本发明通过选择合适的颜填料和对颜填料进行诸如形貌、尺寸、含量的控制，实现了雷达兼容型红外涂层的制备，且该工艺简单，成本低，制备出的雷达兼容型红外涂层性能优异。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明的一些实施例的用于制备兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层的方法的工艺流程。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供的耐温型红外低发射率涂层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
如图1中所示的步骤S101所示，取66-72份树脂粘合剂、28-34份铝粉、8-24份颜填料、10-20份色浆混合均匀以制备得到预分散料浆，通过高速分散机在200-450rpm下搅拌0.4-0.8h实施树脂粘合剂、铝粉、颜填料和色浆的混合。优选地，称取68份树脂粘合剂、27份铝粉、16份颜填料、15份色浆，用高速分散机在300rpm下搅拌0.6h，边搅拌边加入稀释剂。其中，颜填料为介电常数较低的低介电颜填料，例如介电常数小于3.0的低介电颜填料，树脂粘合剂为聚氨酯、氟树脂、环氧改性有机硅树脂、聚氨酯改性有机硅树脂、氟改性聚氨酯中的一种或者多种的组合。颜填料为聚四氟乙烯、聚酰亚胺、聚苯醚、掺氟聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种的组合。色浆为蓝色、绿色、黄色或者黑色色浆。
然后，将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置24-48h，或者放入球磨罐在球磨机上20-60rpm变转速球磨8-12h后，静置1-3h；优选地，将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置36h，或者放入球磨罐在球磨机上40rpm变转速球磨10h后，静置2h。
将预分散好的浆料进行适当的稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨，研磨0.3h-0.5h，优选0.5h后放入搅拌罐；
向研磨好的料中加入适当的稀释剂用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速小于500rpm，优选为400rpm。
如图1中所示的步骤S102所示，向预分散料浆中加入稀释剂和流变助剂以调节预分散料浆的粘度。其中，稀释剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、二甲苯、环己酮、异佛尔酮中的一种或者多种的组合；流变助剂为气相二氧化硅、滑石粉、硅酸铝镁、改性膨润土、聚乙烯蜡中的一种或者多种的组合。将预分散料浆的粘度调节至13-18s的范围内，优选地调节至15s。
如图1中所示的步骤S103所示，向预分散料浆中加入固化剂，分散均匀，制备得到兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料，其中，固化剂为TDI加成物、HDI缩二脲、HDI三聚体等异氰酸酯中的一种或者多种的组合。
如图1中所示的步骤S104所示，将兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料喷涂在吸波材料上以得到涂层。其中，所述吸波材料为吸波涂层或电路模拟吸收器。
如图1中所示的步骤S105所示，将涂层表干，具体地，将涂层在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在60-80℃环境烘烤2-4h，优选地，将涂层表干12h以上或者指研表干后在70℃环境烘烤3h。
实施例 1
1、称取66份的树脂粘合剂聚氨酯、加入34份的铝粉、加入8份的低介电颜填料聚四氟乙烯、加入15份的蓝色（或者绿色或者黄色或者黑色色浆），用高速分散机在450rpm下搅拌0.4h，边搅拌边加入适量的稀释剂乙酸乙酯；
2、将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置24h,或者放入球磨罐（研磨珠直径大于8mm）在行星式球磨机上20rpm变转速球磨8h后，静置1h；
3、将预分散好的浆料进行适当的稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨（研磨介质直径大于0.8mm），研磨0.4h后放入搅拌罐；
4、将研磨好的料将加入适当的稀释剂乙酸乙酯用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速450rpm，在搅拌的过程中添加适量的稀释剂乙酸乙酯、流变助剂滑石粉进行流变性能调节，以将预分散料浆的粘度调节为16s；
5、调整好粘度等流变性能后，加入计算好的固化剂HDI三聚体，分散搅拌均匀后喷涂在吸波涂层上，所有调好的漆料应在1h以内施工完毕；
6、喷涂好的样件在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在60℃环境烘烤4h；
7、对样件进行红外低发射率性能测试和雷达吸波性能测试；
8、对样件进行耐环境性能如耐高温、低温、冷热冲击性能以及耐中性盐雾腐蚀试验。
实施例 2
1、称取72份的树脂粘合剂聚氨酯、加入34份的铝粉、加入24份的低介电颜填料聚酰亚胺、加入20份的绿色色浆，用高速分散机在200rpm下搅拌0.8h，边搅拌边加入适量的稀释剂乙酸丁酯；
2、将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置48h,或者放入球磨罐（研磨珠直径大于8mm）在行星式球磨机上60rpm变转速球磨8h后，静置3h；
3、将预分散好的浆料进行适当的稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨（研磨介质直径大于0.8mm），研磨0.3h后放入搅拌罐；
4、将研磨好的料将加入适当的稀释剂乙酸丁酯用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速400rpm，在搅拌的过程中添加适量的稀释剂乙酸丁酯、流变助剂硅酸铝镁进行流变性能调节，以将预分散料浆的粘度调节为15s；
5、调整好粘度等流变性能后，加入计算好的固化剂HDI三聚体，分散搅拌均匀后喷涂在吸波涂层上，所有调好的漆料应在1h以内施工完毕；
6、喷涂好的样件在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在80℃环境烘烤2h；
7、对样件进行红外低发射率性能测试和雷达吸波性能测试；
8、对样件进行耐环境性能如耐高温、低温、冷热冲击性能以及耐中性盐雾腐蚀试验。 
实施例 3
1、称取70份的树脂粘合剂氟改性聚氨酯、加入30份的铝粉、加入30份的低介电颜填料掺氟聚酰亚胺、加入15份的蓝色色浆，用高速分散机在300rpm下搅拌0.6h，边搅拌边加入适量的稀释剂乙酸乙酯；
2、将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置32h,或者放入球磨罐（研磨珠直径大于8mm）在行星式球磨机上40rpm变转速球磨10h后，静置2h；
3、将预分散好的浆料进行适当的稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨（研磨介质直径大于0.8mm），研磨0.5h后放入搅拌罐；
4、将研磨好的料将加入适当的稀释剂乙酸乙酯用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速420rpm，在搅拌的过程中添加适量的稀释剂乙酸乙酯、流变助剂改性膨润土进行流变性能调节，以将预分散料浆的粘度调节为17s；
5、调整好粘度等流变性能后，加入计算好的固化剂HDI三聚体，分散搅拌均匀后喷涂在电路模拟吸收体上，所有调好的漆料应在1h以内施工完毕；
6、喷涂好的样件在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在70℃环境烘烤3h；
7、对样件进行红外低发射率性能测试和雷达吸波性能测试；
8、对样件进行耐环境性能如耐高温、低温、冷热冲击性能以及耐中性盐雾腐蚀试验。 
实施例 4
1、称取68份的树脂粘合剂聚氨酯改性有机硅树脂、加入34份的铝粉、加入26份的低介电颜填料聚四氟乙烯、加入18份的蓝色色浆，用高速分散机在400rpm下搅拌0.7h，边搅拌边加入适量的稀释剂乙酸乙酯；
2、将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置40h,或者放入球磨罐（研磨珠直径大于8mm）在行星式球磨机上50rpm变转速球磨9h后，静置1.5h；
3、将预分散好的浆料进行适当的稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨（研磨介质直径大于0.8mm），研磨0.4h后放入搅拌罐；
4、将研磨好的料将加入适当的稀释剂丁酸乙酯用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速480rpm，在搅拌的过程中添加适量的稀释剂丁酸乙酯、流变助剂聚乙烯蜡进行流变性能调节，以将预分散料浆的粘度调节为14s；
5、调整好粘度等流变性能后，加入计算好的固化剂HDI三聚体，分散搅拌均匀后喷涂在吸波涂层上，所有调好的漆料应在1h以内施工完毕；
6、喷涂好的样件在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在75℃环境烘烤3.5h。
7、对样件进行红外低发射率性能测试和雷达吸波性能测试；
8、对样件进行耐环境性能如耐高温、低温、冷热冲击性能以及耐中性盐雾腐蚀试验。 
实施例 5
1、称取67份的树脂粘合剂环氧改性有机硅树脂、加入33份的铝粉、加入29份的低介电颜填料聚四氟乙烯、加入17份的黄色色浆，用高速分散机在440rpm下搅拌0.5h，边搅拌边加入适量的稀释剂乙酸乙酯；
2、将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置46h,或者放入球磨罐（研磨珠直径大于8mm）在行星式球磨机上45rpm变转速球磨11h后，静置2.5h；
3、将预分散好的浆料进行适当的稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨（研磨介质直径大于0.8mm），研磨0.5h后放入搅拌罐；
4、将研磨好的料将加入适当的稀释剂用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速300rpm，在搅拌的过程中添加适量的稀释剂乙酸乙酯、流变助剂气相二氧化硅进行流变性能调节，以将预分散料浆的粘度调节为15s；
5、调整好粘度等流变性能后，加入计算好的固化剂HDI三聚体，分散搅拌均匀后喷涂在电路模拟吸收体上，所有调好的漆料应在1h以内施工完毕；
6、喷涂好的样件在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在65℃环境烘烤3.5h；
7、对样件进行红外低发射率性能测试和雷达吸波性能测试；
8、对样件进行耐环境性能如耐高温、低温、冷热冲击性能以及耐中性盐雾腐蚀试验。 
实施例 6
1、称取68份的树脂粘合剂氟树脂、加入32份的铝粉、加入23份的低介电颜填料掺氟聚酰亚胺、加入16份的黑色色浆，用高速分散机在280rpm下搅拌0.6h，边搅拌边加入适量的稀释剂乙酸丁酯；
2、将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置32h,或者放入球磨罐（研磨珠直径大于8mm）在行星式球磨机上50rpm变转速球磨11h后，静置3h；
3、将预分散好的浆料进行适当的稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨（研磨介质直径大于0.8mm），研磨3个循环后放入搅拌罐；
4、将研磨好的料将加入适当的稀释剂乙酸丁酯用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速400rpm，在搅拌的过程中添加适量的稀释剂乙酸丁酯、流变助剂滑石粉进行流变性能调节，以将预分散料浆的粘度调节为15s；
5、调整好粘度等流变性能后，加入计算好的固化剂HDI三聚体，分散搅拌均匀后喷涂在吸波涂层上，所有调好的漆料应在1h以内施工完毕；
6、喷涂好的样件在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在80℃环境烘烤4h；
7、对样件进行红外低发射率性能测试和雷达吸波性能测试；
8、对样件进行耐环境性能如耐高温、低温、冷热冲击性能以及耐中性盐雾腐蚀试验。
对实施例1-6中制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层进行上述性能测试，采用FTIR反射法以及IR-2反射法进行测试，其中，检测结果表明：所制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层的厚度均小于35μm；所制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层的红外发射率较低，8-14μm红外发射率均低于0.15，对2-18GHz雷达波平均反射率均小于或者等于10%；所制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层对2-18GHz吸波性能影响均小于3dB；所制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层均耐高温，在150℃温度下经过4h后表面正常，结合力均未变弱；所制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层也均耐低温，在-50℃温度下经过4h后表面亦正常，结合力亦均未变弱；所制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层在-50℃-150℃温度范围内瞬间交替冲击3个循环后表面均正常，结合力均未变差；所制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层耐中性盐雾腐蚀大于200h。 ]  
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    取66-72份树脂粘合剂、28-34份铝粉、8-24份颜填料、10-20份色浆混合均匀以制备得到预分散料浆；
    向所述预分散料浆中加入稀释剂和流变助剂以将所述预分散料浆的粘度调节至13-18s的范围内；
    向所述预分散料浆中加入固化剂，分散均匀，制备得到兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料；
    将所述兼容雷达隐身的红外涂料喷涂在吸波材料上以得到涂层；以及
    将所述涂层表干。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述取66-72份树脂粘合剂、28-34份铝粉、8-24份颜填料、10-20份色浆混合均匀以制备得到预分散料浆的步骤中，通过高速分散机在200-450rpm下搅拌0.4-0.8h实施所述树脂粘合剂、所述铝粉、所述颜填料和所述色浆的混合，并且边搅拌边加入所述稀释剂。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，在向所述预分散料浆中加入稀释剂和流变助剂的步骤之后，所述制备方法进一步包括：
    将搅拌好的预分散料浆在室温下静置24-48h，或者放入球磨罐在球磨机上20-60rpm变转速球磨8-12h后，静置1-3h；
    将预分散好的浆料进行稀释，投入实验室砂磨机进行研磨，研磨0.3h-0.5h后放入搅拌罐；
    向研磨好的料中加入稀释剂用高速分散机进行搅拌，转速小于500rpm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，将所述涂层表干的步骤进一步包括：将所述涂层在洁净空间表干12h以上或者指研表干后在60-80℃温度环境下烘烤2-4h。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述树脂粘合剂为聚氨酯、氟树脂、环氧改性有机硅树脂、聚氨酯改性有机硅树脂、氟改性聚氨酯中的一种或者多种的组合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述颜填料为聚四氟乙烯、聚酰亚胺、聚苯醚、掺氟聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种的组合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述色浆为蓝色、绿色、黄色或者黑色色浆。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述稀释剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、二甲苯、环己酮、异佛尔酮中的一种或者多种的组合；所述流变助剂为气相二氧化硅、滑石粉、硅酸铝镁、改性膨润土、聚乙烯蜡中的一种或者多种的组合。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述固化剂为TDI加成物、HDI缩二脲、HDI三聚体等异氰酸酯中的一种或者多种的组合。
  10. 一种根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的制备方法制备得到的兼容雷达隐身的红外涂层。
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