WO2019000613A1 - 新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳 - Google Patents

新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳 Download PDF

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WO2019000613A1
WO2019000613A1 PCT/CN2017/098422 CN2017098422W WO2019000613A1 WO 2019000613 A1 WO2019000613 A1 WO 2019000613A1 CN 2017098422 W CN2017098422 W CN 2017098422W WO 2019000613 A1 WO2019000613 A1 WO 2019000613A1
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flame retardant
coating
aramid
solution
novel high
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PCT/CN2017/098422
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐天宏
秦宗益
曾凡鑫
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徐天宏
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
    • D06M11/72—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with metaphosphoric acids or their salts; with polyphosphoric acids or their salts; with perphosphoric acids or their salts
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/11—Compounds containing epoxy groups or precursors thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
    • D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides
    • D06M2101/36—Aromatic polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/25—Resistance to light or sun, i.e. protection of the textile itself as well as UV shielding materials or treatment compositions therefor; Anti-yellowing treatments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/35—Abrasion, pilling or fibrillation resistance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel high-performance aramid composite cable, belonging to the technical field of flame-retardant ropes.
  • Aramid full-length aramid fiber is a high-strength, high-modulus, low-density and wear-resistant high-temperature resistant flame retardant fiber.
  • the para-aramid is still inherently non-combustible and does not spread in case of fire. It does not shrink and melt, its limiting oxygen index is between 28 and 32, and it has good insulation and corrosion resistance, and has a long life cycle, thus winning the reputation of “synthetic steel wire”.
  • high-strength, tensile-resistant, tear-resistant, puncture-proof and high-temperature-resistant flame retardant are required, it is an area where the aramid fiber has a strong hand and has irreplaceable superiority.
  • As a kind of modern synthetic fiber rope it has special strength and performance advantages, and plays a pivotal role in the fields of mooring ropes in ships and offshore oil fields, modern warfare and aviation, aerospace and marine defense equipment.
  • Aramid fiber has good flame retardant properties, does not decompose and melt at a high temperature of 500 ° C, but aramid is the worst heat resistance of organic fiber, and the aramid cable is exposed to extreme conditions such as open flame or high temperature (such as 300 ° C). The mechanical properties deteriorate rapidly. When the temperature reaches 280 °C, the mass loss reaches 41%. Under 300 °C, the breaking strength after 5 hours is 80.3%, and only 15.0% after 20 hours. Moreover, aramid has a certain hygroscopicity, and its mechanical properties are degraded by immersion in seawater for a long time. The strength of the fracture decreases by 15.6% for one week and 36.8% for five weeks.
  • the aramid has poor UV resistance, and its mechanical properties will drop rapidly under ultraviolet radiation, which will affect its performance.
  • aramid cables are used in aerospace, aerospace, firefighting, military, petrochemical, marine, marine and many other fields, it is often required that the cables can still meet the requirements of use after being stored for a period of time under light, humidity or water, and at high temperatures. Or work in an open flame environment for a certain period of time to ensure the residual strength that must be used. Aiming at the requirements of different application fields, it provides a protective layer for the aramid cable, which plays the role of heat insulation, flame retardant, moisture absorption and UV resistance, so as to ensure that the aramid cable can be stored in various harsh environments or work for a certain period of time. With a certain intensity, it is necessary to achieve the purpose of rescue.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a novel high performance aramid composite cable.
  • the invention provides a fireproof heat insulation, moisture absorption and ultraviolet resistant composite coating for the aramid cable.
  • Inner layer is blocked Combustion coating, component selection is in line with the development concept of environmental protection, low toxicity and high efficiency; the outer layer is a flexible and wear-resistant conventional polyurethane coating, which prevents the inner layer of flame retardant material from falling off during use. Moisture absorption, UV resistance.
  • the composite coating improves the mechanical properties of the fiber and acts as a reinforcing and strengthening function to improve and improve the high tensile strength of the tensile strength of the cable.
  • a novel high-performance aramid composite cable the preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:
  • the components of the functional flame retardant coating include chitosan, a flame retardant and a crosslinking agent, wherein the weight fraction of the chitosan is 65-80 parts, and the weight fraction of the flame retardant It is 20-30 parts; the crosslinking part is 0.5-5 parts by weight.
  • the flame retardant is an inorganic phosphate or a phosphaphenanthrene.
  • the crosslinking agent is any one or more of formaldehyde, a dialdehyde crosslinking agent, an epoxy compound, a tripolyphosphate, an ethylene glycol, a diglycidyl ether, and a diisocyanate.
  • the dialdehyde crosslinking agent is glutaraldehyde or glyoxal.
  • the epoxy compound is cyclothiopropane.
  • the functional flame retardant coating preparation method is as follows:
  • Formulating chitosan solution adding a certain amount of chitosan to dilute acetic acid aqueous solution, stirring at 50 °C until the chitosan is completely dissolved, and obtaining a yellow transparent chitosan solution, the quality of the chitosan solution The percentage is 1-5 wt%;
  • the preparation method of the outer layer polyurethane coating is as follows: the commercial water-soluble polyurethane resin is followed It is required to add water to dilute and stir to obtain a polyurethane coating of a certain solid content, and the mass percentage of the polyurethane coating is 20-50% by weight.
  • the immersion time of the flame retardant coating is as follows (according to the manner of cable weaving and the number of shares)
  • the polyurethane coating is carried out in a conventional process.
  • the invention provides a preparation method of a novel high-performance aramid composite rope, and the composite coating technology can not only avoid the shortcomings of the mechanical deterioration of the traditional aramid flame-retardant cable under high temperature conditions, but also solve the single coating.
  • the novel high-performance aramid composite rope prepared by the method of the invention can simultaneously impart the fire-proof and heat-insulating, anti-hygroscopic, anti-ultraviolet and wear-resistant properties of the aramid rope, and meet the aramid rope. Requirements for use in different fields;
  • novel high-performance aramid composite rope disclosed by the invention has a simple preparation process, no pretreatment, and adopts low-temperature cross-linking curing or natural drying after coating, thereby saving energy and reducing production cost.
  • the preparation method of the outer layer polyurethane coating is as follows: the commercial water-soluble polyurethane resin is diluted and stirred with water as required to obtain a polyurethane coating having a certain solid content, and the mass percentage of the polyurethane coating is 20% by weight.
  • Component Component specific name Content (parts by weight)
  • the functional flame retardant coating preparation method is as follows:
  • the preparation method of the outer layer polyurethane coating is as follows: the commercial water-soluble polyurethane resin is diluted and stirred with water as required to obtain a polyurethane coating having a certain solid content, and the mass percentage of the polyurethane coating is 30% by weight.
  • the aramid rope is then immersed in a 30wt% polyurethane coating, and then naturally dried or low temperature dried to produce a new high-performance aramid composite rope.
  • the functional coating comprises the following parts by weight:
  • Component Component specific name Content (parts by weight) Chitosan Chitosan 70 copies Flame retardant DOPO 27 copies Crosslinker Epichlorohydrin 3 copies
  • the functional flame retardant coating preparation method is as follows:
  • the preparation method of the outer layer polyurethane coating is as follows: the commercial water-soluble polyurethane resin is diluted and stirred with water as required to obtain a polyurethane coating having a certain solid content, and the mass percentage of the polyurethane coating is 50% by weight.
  • the functional coating comprises the following parts by weight:
  • Component Component specific name Content (parts by weight) Chitosan Chitosan 80 copies Flame retardant Ammonium polyphosphate 20 copies Crosslinker sodium tripolyphosphate 0.5 parts
  • the functional flame retardant coating preparation method is as follows:
  • Aramid cable open flame burning test the aramid rope is vertically suspended, and the aramid rope is burned with open flame using a liquefied gas blowtorch to measure the cable break time; under the condition of 20% breaking strength, the liquefied gas torch is used for the aramid rope Burning for 30s on an open flame, measuring the residual strength of the rope.
  • Aramid cable water-resistant washing test Aramid cable was immersed in tap water for 12 weeks and 24 weeks, and its combustion rupture time was measured by liquefied gas burner; under the condition of 20% breaking strength, liquefied gas burner was used for aramid The rope is burned for 30s on an open flame, and the residual strength of the rope is measured.
  • Aramid cable UV resistance test Aramid cable was placed under UV lamp for 24h and 48h, and its combustion break time was measured by liquefied gas burner; under the condition of 20% breaking strength, liquefied gas torch was used to conduct aramid rope Burning for 30s on an open flame, measuring the residual strength of the rope.
  • Aramid cable abrasion resistance test The aramid cable is placed under the universal wear tester for 10,000 times of friction, and the liquefied gas burner is used to test the combustion rupture time; under the load of 20% breaking strength, the liquefied gas is used. The blowtorch burns the aramid rope for 30s, and the residual strength of the rope is measured.
  • the new high-performance aramid composite rope of the invention has a significantly increased fracture time after being burned by an open flame. Secondly, compared with the untreated aramid rope, the new high-performance aramid composite rope of the present invention has no significant difference in combustion rupture time and residual strength after water washing, ultraviolet light and rubbing treatment, indicating the present invention. The high temperature, water wash resistance, ultraviolet light resistance and abrasion resistance of the coated aramid rope are well improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其制备方法包括如下步骤：1)将芳纶缆绳浸泡到功能阻燃涂料中，通过控制浸泡时间和涂料浓度来调控内层阻燃涂层的厚度；将浸泡处理的芳纶缆绳进行低温交联，固化阻燃涂层；2)继续将芳纶缆绳浸泡到商品化的聚氨酯涂料中，同样通过控制浸泡时间和涂料浓度来调控外层涂层的厚度。该新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳的制备方法，利用复合涂层技术，既能避免传统芳纶阻燃缆绳在高温条件下力学性能急剧恶化的缺点，又能解决单一涂层与芳纶缆绳结合牢度差的缺点。不仅如此，该方法制备的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其复合涂层可以同时赋予芳纶缆绳防火隔热、防吸湿、抗紫外和耐磨的性能。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳 技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，属于阻燃绳索技术领域。
背景技术
芳纶全称芳香族聚酰胺纤维，是一种高强度、高模量、低密度和耐磨性好的耐高温阻燃纤维，其中对位芳纶仍然是具有固有的不燃性，遇火不蔓延，不收缩熔融，其极限氧指数在28～32之间，且具有良好的绝缘性和抗腐蚀性，生命周期很长，因而赢得“合成钢丝”的美誉。凡要求高强度、耐拉伸、抗撕裂、防穿刺及耐高温阻燃的场合，都是对位芳纶大显身手的领域，具有不可替代的优越性。作为现代合成纤维绳的一种，具有特殊的强度和性能优势，在船舶、海上油田的系泊绳及现代化战争和航空、航天、海域防御装备等领域发挥着举足轻重的作用。
芳纶纤维具有很好的阻燃性能，在500℃的高温下不分解不熔化，但芳纶是有机纤维耐热性能最差，芳纶缆绳在明火或高温(如300℃)极端条件下，其力学性能急速恶化，当温度达到280℃时，其质量损失达到41％；300℃条件下，5小时后的断裂强力保持80.3％，20小时后仅剩15.0％。而且芳纶具有一定的吸湿性，在海水中长时间浸泡也会使其力学性能下降，浸泡1周其断裂强力下降15.6％，浸泡5周下降36.8％。除此之外，芳纶耐紫外性能差，在紫外光辐射下，其力学能性能也会急速下降，影响其使用性能。而当芳纶缆绳用于航空、航天、消防、军事、石化、海洋、船舶等诸多领域时，常常需要缆绳能够在光照条件下、潮湿或水中存放一段时间后仍能够满足使用要求，以及在高温或明火环境中作业一定时间，保证其一定可使用的残余强度。针对不同应用领域的要求，为芳纶缆绳提供保护层，扮演着隔热、阻燃、防吸湿、抗紫外的效果，以保证芳纶缆绳在各种恶劣环境中存放或工作一定时间后仍能具有一定的强度，达到救援的目的就十分必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足之处，提供一种新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳。
本发明为芳纶缆绳提供一种防火隔热、防吸湿、抗紫外复合涂层。内层为阻 燃涂层，组分选择符合环保化、低毒化和高效化的发展理念；外层为柔性耐磨常规的聚氨酯涂层，在防止内层阻燃材料在使用过程中脱落的同时，具有防吸湿、抗紫外的性能。该复合涂层在提高纤维的功性特能，并起加固、强化的作用的同时，改善和提高绳缆抗拉强度的高强耐磨弹性。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将芳纶缆绳浸泡到功能阻燃涂料中，通过控制浸泡时间和涂料浓度来调控内层阻燃涂层的厚度；将浸泡处理的芳纶缆绳进行低温交联，固化阻燃涂层；
2)继续将芳纶缆绳浸泡到商品化的聚氨酯涂料中，同样通过控制浸泡时间和涂料浓度来调控外层涂层的厚度；
3)继续将处理过的缆绳烘干或晒干后，制得成品；
所述的步骤1)中，功能阻燃涂料的组分包括壳聚糖、阻燃剂和交联剂，其中，壳聚糖的重量份数为65-80份，阻燃剂的重量份数为20-30份；交联剂的重量份数为0.5-5份。
所述的阻燃剂为无机磷酸盐或磷杂菲。
所述的交联剂为甲醛、二醛类交联剂、环氧化合物、三聚磷酸盐、乙二醇、二环氧甘油醚和二异氰酸盐中的任意一种或多种。
所述的二醛类交联剂为戊二醛或乙二醛。
所述的环氧化合物为环硫氯丙烷。
所述的功能阻燃涂料配制方法如下：
1)配制壳聚糖溶液：将一定量的壳聚糖加入到稀醋酸水溶液中，50℃左右条件下搅拌至壳聚糖溶解完全，得到黄色透明的壳聚糖溶液，壳聚糖溶液的质量百分数为1-5wt％；
2)配制阻燃剂溶液：将一定量的阻燃剂加入到乙醇中，搅拌至阻燃剂溶解完全，得到无色透明的阻燃剂溶液，阻燃剂溶液浓度为50-150mg/mL；
3)配制将阻燃剂溶液加入到壳聚糖溶液中，搅拌至溶液分散均匀，然后在室温下缓慢加入质量百分数为1-5wt％的交联剂溶液，继续搅拌，得到分散均匀的阻燃涂料。
所述的外层聚氨酯涂料的配制方法如下：将商品化的水溶性聚氨酯树脂按照 要求加水稀释搅拌，得到一定固含量的聚氨酯涂料，聚氨酯涂料的质量百分数为20-50wt％。
所述的步骤1)中，所述的阻燃涂料浸泡时间如下，(根据缆绳编织的方式与股数调整)
12股绳 10-30min
8×3股 5-30min
聚氨酯涂层按常规工艺进行。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明提出了一种新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆的制备方法，利用复合涂层技术，既能避免传统芳纶阻燃绳缆在高温条件下力学性能急剧恶化的缺点，又能解决单一涂层与芳纶绳缆结合牢度差的缺点。不仅如此，本发明的方法制备的新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆，其复合涂层可以同时赋予芳纶绳缆防火隔热、防吸湿、抗紫外和耐磨的性能，满足芳纶绳缆在不同领域的使用要求；
此外，本发明公开的新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆的制备工艺流程简单，无预处理，并且涂层后采用低温交联固化或自然晾干，节约能源和降低生产成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
本实施例的新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将12股绳绳缆浸泡于功能涂料中，浸泡时间为10min后取出进行低温交联固化，
外层聚氨酯涂料的配制方法如下：将商品化的水溶性聚氨酯树脂按照要求加水稀释搅拌，得到一定固含量的聚氨酯涂料，聚氨酯涂料的质量百分数为20wt％。
2)再将芳纶绳缆浸泡于20wt％的聚氨酯涂料中，然后自然晾干或低温烘干，制得新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆，所述功能涂料包含下列重量份的组分：
组分 组分具体名称 含量(重量份数)
壳聚糖 壳聚糖 65份
阻燃剂 DOPO 30份
交联剂 戊二醛 5份
所述的功能阻燃涂料配制方法如下：
1)配制壳聚糖溶液：将一定量的壳聚糖加入到稀醋酸水溶液中，50℃左右条件下搅拌至壳聚糖溶解完全，得到黄色透明的壳聚糖溶液，壳聚糖溶液的质量百分数为1wt％；
2)配制阻燃剂溶液：将一定量的阻燃剂加入到乙醇中，搅拌至阻燃剂溶解完全，得到无色透明的阻燃剂溶液，阻燃剂溶液浓度为50mg/mL；
3)配制将阻燃剂溶液加入到壳聚糖溶液中，搅拌至溶液分散均匀，然后在室温下缓慢加入质量百分数为1wt％的交联剂溶液，继续搅拌，得到分散均匀的阻燃涂料。
实施例2
本实施例的新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将12股绳绳缆浸泡于功能涂料中，浸泡时间为20min后取出进行低温交联固化，
外层聚氨酯涂料的配制方法如下：将商品化的水溶性聚氨酯树脂按照要求加水稀释搅拌，得到一定固含量的聚氨酯涂料，聚氨酯涂料的质量百分数为30wt％。
2)再将芳纶绳缆浸泡于30wt％的聚氨酯涂料中，然后自然晾干或低温烘干，制得新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆。所述功能涂料包含下列重量份的组分：
组分 组分具体名称 含量(重量份数)
壳聚糖 壳聚糖 70份
阻燃剂 DOPO 27份
交联剂 环氧氯丙烷 3份
所述的功能阻燃涂料配制方法如下：
1)配制壳聚糖溶液：将一定量的壳聚糖加入到稀醋酸水溶液中，50℃左右条件下搅拌至壳聚糖溶解完全，得到黄色透明的壳聚糖溶液，壳聚糖溶液的质量百分数为2wt％；
2)配制阻燃剂溶液：将一定量的阻燃剂加入到乙醇中，搅拌至阻燃剂溶解完全，得到无色透明的阻燃剂溶液，阻燃剂溶液浓度为100mg/mL；
3)配制将阻燃剂溶液加入到壳聚糖溶液中，搅拌至溶液分散均匀，然后在室温下缓慢加入质量百分数为2wt％的交联剂溶液，继续搅拌，得到分散均匀的阻燃涂料。
实施例3
本实施例的新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将12股绳绳缆浸泡于功能涂料中，浸泡时间为30min后取出进行低温交联固化，
外层聚氨酯涂料的配制方法如下：将商品化的水溶性聚氨酯树脂按照要求加水稀释搅拌，得到一定固含量的聚氨酯涂料，聚氨酯涂料的质量百分数为50wt％。
2)再将芳纶绳缆浸泡于50wt％的聚氨酯涂料中，然后自然晾干或低温烘干，制得新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆。所述功能涂料包含下列重量份的组分：
组分 组分具体名称 含量(重量份数)
壳聚糖 壳聚糖 80份
阻燃剂 聚磷酸铵 20份
交联剂 三聚磷酸钠 0.5份
所述的功能阻燃涂料配制方法如下：
1)配制壳聚糖溶液：将一定量的壳聚糖加入到稀醋酸水溶液中，50℃左右条件下搅拌至壳聚糖溶解完全，得到黄色透明的壳聚糖溶液，壳聚糖溶液的质量百分数为5wt％；
2)配制阻燃剂溶液：将一定量的阻燃剂加入到乙醇中，搅拌至阻燃剂溶解完全，得到无色透明的阻燃剂溶液，阻燃剂溶液浓度为150mg/mL；
3)配制将阻燃剂溶液加入到壳聚糖溶液中，搅拌至溶液分散均匀，然后在室温下缓慢加入质量百分数为5wt％的交联剂溶液，继续搅拌，得到分散均匀的阻燃涂料。
实施例4
对实施例1-3进行以下燃烧试验和耐高温拉伸试验，测试结果如下：
1.芳纶缆绳明火燃烧试验：芳纶绳索垂直悬挂，使用液化气喷灯对芳纶绳索进行明火燃烧，测缆绳断裂时间；在负载20％断裂强力条件下，使用液化气喷灯对芳纶绳索进行明火燃烧30s，测绳缆残余强力。
2.芳纶缆绳耐水洗试验：芳纶缆绳置于自来水中浸泡12周和24周，使用液化气喷灯燃烧测其燃烧断裂时间；在负载20％断裂强力条件下，使用液化气喷灯对芳纶绳索进行明火燃烧30s，测绳缆残余强力。
3.芳纶缆绳耐紫外试验：芳纶缆绳置于紫外灯下24h和48h，使用液化气喷灯燃烧测其燃烧断裂时间；在负载20％断裂强力条件下，使用液化气喷灯对芳纶绳索进行明火燃烧30s，测绳缆残余强力。
4.芳纶缆绳耐磨性试验：芳纶缆绳置于利用万能磨耗试验机进行检测下摩擦10000次，使用液化气喷灯燃烧测其燃烧断裂时间；在负载20％断裂强力条件下，使用液化气喷灯对芳纶绳索进行明火燃烧30s，测绳缆残余强力。
测试结果如下：
Figure PCTCN2017098422-appb-000001
从上表可以看出：请结合数据对效果进行总结说明
本发明的新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆经明火燃烧后，其断裂时间明显增加。其次，相比于未处理的芳纶绳缆，本发明的新型高性能芳纶复合绳缆在经过水洗、紫外光以及摩擦处理之后，其燃烧断裂时间和残余强力下降均不明显，说明本发明涂层处理后的芳纶绳缆的耐高温、耐水洗、耐紫外光和耐磨性能均得到很好的改善。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，其制备方法包括如下步骤：
    1)将芳纶缆绳浸泡到功能阻燃涂料中，通过控制浸泡时间和涂料浓度来调控内层阻燃涂层的厚度；将浸泡处理的芳纶缆绳进行低温交联，固化阻燃涂层；
    2)继续将芳纶缆绳浸泡到商品化的聚氨酯涂料中，同样通过控制浸泡时间和涂料浓度来调控外层涂层的厚度；
    3)继续将处理过的缆绳烘干或晒干后，制得成品；
    所述的步骤1)中，功能阻燃涂料的组分包括壳聚糖、阻燃剂和交联剂，其中，壳聚糖的重量份数为65-80份，阻燃剂的重量份数为20-30份；交联剂的重量份数为0.5-5份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，所述的阻燃剂为无机磷酸盐或磷杂菲。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，所述的交联剂为甲醛、二醛类交联剂、环氧化合物、三聚磷酸盐、乙二醇、二环氧甘油醚和二异氰酸盐中的任意一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，所述的二醛类交联剂为戊二醛或乙二醛。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，所述的环氧化合物为环硫氯丙烷。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，所述的功能阻燃涂料配制方法如下：
    1)配制壳聚糖溶液：将一定量的壳聚糖加入到稀醋酸水溶液中，50℃左右条件下搅拌至壳聚糖溶解完全，得到黄色透明的壳聚糖溶液，壳聚糖溶液的质量百分数为1-5wt％；
    2)配制阻燃剂溶液：将一定量的阻燃剂加入到乙醇中，搅拌至阻燃剂溶解完全，得到无色透明的阻燃剂溶液，阻燃剂溶液浓度为50-150mg/mL；
    3)配制将阻燃剂溶液加入到壳聚糖溶液中，搅拌至溶液分散均匀，然后在室温下缓慢加入质量百分数为1-5wt％的交联剂溶液，继续搅拌，得到分散均匀的阻燃涂料。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，所述的外层聚氨酯涂料的配制方法如下：将商品化的水溶性聚氨酯树脂按照要求加水稀释搅拌，得到一定固含量的聚氨酯涂料，聚氨酯涂料的质量百分数为20-50wt％。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的新型高性能芳纶复合缆绳，其特征在于，所述的步骤1)中，阻燃涂料浸泡时间如下，
    Figure PCTCN2017098422-appb-100001
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