WO2019000555A1 - 一种供电装置以及应用其的无人机 - Google Patents

一种供电装置以及应用其的无人机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019000555A1
WO2019000555A1 PCT/CN2017/095656 CN2017095656W WO2019000555A1 WO 2019000555 A1 WO2019000555 A1 WO 2019000555A1 CN 2017095656 W CN2017095656 W CN 2017095656W WO 2019000555 A1 WO2019000555 A1 WO 2019000555A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
power source
power supply
voltage
mounting device
main power
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PCT/CN2017/095656
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈廷忠
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深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201780068858.3A priority Critical patent/CN109923754A/zh
Publication of WO2019000555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019000555A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20End-user application control systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of drones, and in particular to a power supply device and a drone using the same.
  • the present invention provides a power supply device for powering a drone, the drone comprising a body device and a mounting device mounted on the body device; the power supply device comprising: a main power source for The main body device and the mounting device are powered; the backup power source is configured to supply power to the mounting device during the replacement of the main power source; the power control module has one end connected to the main power source and the backup power source, and the other end connected to the body A device and a mounting device for controlling a power state of the primary power source and the backup power source.
  • the power control module includes: a first control module, configured to transmit a main power voltage to the body device, and reduce a main power voltage to a first voltage transmission to the mounting device; And a second control module, configured to reduce the backup power voltage to a second voltage to the mounting device during the replacement of the main power source.
  • the first control module comprises:
  • a connecting branch connecting the main power source and the body device for transmitting a main power voltage to the body device; a single-way component, one end of which is connected to the main power source, and the other end is connected to the mounting device, The mains voltage is reduced to a first voltage and transmitted to the mounting device.
  • the second control module includes: a unidirectional conduction component having one end connected to the backup power source and the other end connected to the mounting device for reducing the backup power supply voltage to a second voltage transmission to the Mount the device.
  • the one-way conductive component is a diode.
  • the method further includes: a charging device that connects the main power source with a backup power source through which the main power source charges the backup power source.
  • the charging device includes: a power input interface for receiving a voltage or current of the main power source; a power conversion unit for converting a voltage or current of the main power source; and a power output interface, Used to output the converted voltage or current to the backup power source.
  • the mounting device includes at least one of a camera, a video camera, a plotter, a speaker, and a pickup.
  • the primary power source includes a first battery
  • the backup power source includes a second battery
  • the second battery has a smaller capacity and/or volume than the first battery
  • a switch is connected between the one-way communication component and the backup power source for connecting a backup power source to the power supply device and disconnecting the backup power source from the power supply device.
  • the present invention also provides a drone, comprising: a body device; a mounting device mounted on the body device; and a power supply device according to any one of the above, configured to supply power to the body device and the mounting device.
  • the power supply device of the invention comprises a main power source and a backup power source.
  • the backup power source can continue to supply power to the mounting device, and the seamless switching power supply of the mounting device through the main power source and the backup power source can greatly improve the drone's Work efficiency. Due to hanging The equipment is continuously powered during the process of replacing the main power supply. The working parameters of the mounting equipment are not lost due to the replacement of the main power supply, which ensures the continuity of the data of the mounted equipment and helps to improve the power-off capability of the drone. Especially suitable for some jobs with higher continuity requirements.
  • the small-capacity backup power supply does not require a large installation space, and does not increase the overall size and weight of the drone, which is advantageous for miniaturization and thinning of the drone.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a drone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a power supply device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • An unmanned aerial vehicle includes a drone body and a mounting device.
  • the unmanned vehicle body includes a power supply device and a body device, and the power supply device is configured to supply power to the body device and the mounting device.
  • the power supply device includes a main power source, a backup power source, and a power control module.
  • the main power source is electrically connected to the first input end of the power control module, and the standby power source is electrically connected to the second input end of the power control module.
  • the first output end of the power control module is electrically connected to the main body device, and the second output end is electrically connected. Connect the mount device.
  • the main power source is a replaceable power source
  • the power source control module is used to control the power supply state of the main power source and the backup power source.
  • the main power supply supplies power to the body device and the mounting device through the power control module.
  • the first input end of the power control module receives the output voltage of the main power source and transmits it to the body device and the mounting device.
  • the output voltage of the backup power supply is also connected to the power control module, under the control of the power control module, it does not supply power to the body device and the mounting device.
  • the main power supply When the main power supply is insufficient, it cannot meet the normal operation of the main unit and/or the mounted equipment, and the main power supply needs to be replaced.
  • the backup power supply supplies power to the mounting device through the power control module.
  • the second input of the power control module receives the output voltage of the standby power and transmits it to the mounting device. After the new main power supply is installed, the power supply device resumes normal operation, and the main power supply supplies power to the main body device and the mounting device by continuing the power control module.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle may be various unmanned aerial vehicles such as an unmanned aerial vehicle and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the drone body includes, but is not limited to, various on-board devices such as a power unit, a flight control device, a sensing device, and a communication device, and these on-board devices constitute at least part of the body device.
  • various on-board devices such as a power unit, a flight control device, a sensing device, and a communication device, and these on-board devices constitute at least part of the body device.
  • the bottom of the drone generally also includes a mounting platform for mounting one or more mounting devices.
  • the mounting platform is preferably a pan/tilt, and the mounting device includes but is not limited to a camera, a video camera, a plotter, a speaker, a pickup, and the like.
  • the main power source and the backup power source may employ various types of power sources, such as batteries, such as, but not limited to, various types of batteries, such as lithium batteries.
  • the power supply device in this embodiment includes both the main power source and the backup power source.
  • the backup power source can continue to supply power to the mounting device, so that the mounting device can continue to work without powering off.
  • the main power supply is replaced, only the main device is powered on again, and the mounting device is powered by the main power supply. Therefore, the mounting device does not need to be powered on again during the process of replacing the main power supply, and does not need to wait for the startup to complete.
  • the seamless switching power supply of the mounting device through the main power supply and the backup power supply can greatly improve the working efficiency of the drone.
  • the mounting device is continuously powered during the process of replacing the main power source, the working parameters of the mounting device are not lost due to the replacement of the main power source, which ensures the continuity of the data of the mounting device and helps to improve the drone's
  • the power-off capability is especially suitable for some operations with higher continuity requirements.
  • the backup power supply since the backup power source functions to be mounted during the replacement of the main power source The device is powered. In other cases, the main power supply supplies power to the mounting device and the main device. The time required to replace the main power supply is generally not long. Therefore, the backup power supply is preferably a small-capacity power supply or a small-sized power supply compared to the main power supply. Small capacity power supplies usually have a small volume. That is, in this embodiment, the capacity and/or volume of the backup power source is smaller than the capacity and volume of the main power source, but the specific values of the capacity and volume of the backup battery are not limited, and those skilled in the art can set according to specific requirements.
  • the frequency of replacing the main power supply and the required time to select an appropriate backup power source.
  • the use of a small capacity and / or small volume backup power supply does not require a large installation space, does not increase the overall size and weight of the drone, and is advantageous for miniaturization and thinning of the drone.
  • the power control module includes a first control module and a second control module.
  • the input end of the first control module is electrically connected to the main power source, and the first output end is electrically connected to the main device, and the input of the second control module is The terminal is electrically connected to the backup power source, and the second output end of the first control module is connected to the output end of the second control module and electrically connected to the mounting device.
  • the input end of the first control module receives the output voltage VCC1 of the main power source, transmits the output voltage VCC1 to the body device to supply power to the body device, and the other circuit voltage is transmitted to the mounting device after being voltage VCC2.
  • the second control module has a one-way conduction characteristic, and only the input end to the output end can be turned on and reversely cut off.
  • the output voltage VCC3 of the standby power supply of this embodiment is smaller than the output voltage VCC1 of the main power supply and the voltage VCC2 transmitted to the mounting device. Due to the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the second control module, the second control module is cut off at this time, and the mounting device is powered by the voltage VCC2 output by the first control module, and the voltage VCC2 does not affect the backup power supply.
  • the output voltage VCC3 of the standby power source turns on the second control module.
  • the output voltage VCC3 is transmitted to the mounting device via the voltage drop of the second control module to supply power to the mounting device.
  • the output voltage VCC3 of the standby power supply in this embodiment should be able to meet the voltage requirement for continuously supplying power to the mounting device, but the specific value of the output voltage VCC3 is not limited, and those skilled in the art can according to specific requirements. For example, the type and number of mounting devices are set.
  • the first control module also has a unidirectional conduction characteristic, and only the input end to the second output end can be turned on and reversely cut off. After the main power source is removed, the first control module is reversely cut off, and the main power source and other circuit components are not affected during the replacement of the new main power source.
  • the main battery BT1 is the main power source
  • the backup battery BT2 is the backup power source.
  • the first control module includes a communication branch and a single-conductor branch, and the communication branch directly connects the main battery BT1 and the body device.
  • the single-conductor branch includes a diode D1, one end of which is connected to the main battery BT1, and the other end is connected. Mount the device.
  • the second control module also includes a single-conducting circuit including a diode D2 and a switch S1.
  • the backup battery BT2 is connected to the mounting device via the switch S1 and the diode D2. One end of the diode D2 is connected to the switch S1, and the other end is connected to the diode.
  • the diode D1 is connected to one end of the main battery BT1 as its positive pole, one end connected to the mounting device is a negative pole, one end of the diode D2 is connected to the switch S1 as its positive pole, and one end connected to the mounting device is a negative pole.
  • the output voltage VCC1 of the main battery BT1 is divided into two paths, and one way is directly transmitted to the main body device to supply power to the main body device.
  • Diode D1 is turned on, the other output voltage VCC1 passes through diode D1 to generate a voltage drop, and diode D1 outputs voltage VCC2 to the mounting device. Since VCC1>VCC2>VCC3 is satisfied, the diode D2 is reversely cut off at this time, and the output voltage VCC2 of the diode D1 supplies power to the mounting device, and the voltage VCC2 does not affect the backup battery BT2.
  • the diode D1 When the main power supply is replaced, the main battery BT1 is taken out, the output voltage VCC1 is zero, and the diode D1 no longer outputs the voltage. At this time, the diode D2 is turned on, and the output voltage VCC3 of the backup battery BT2 generates a voltage drop after the diode D2, and the diode D2 outputs voltage VCC2 to the mounting device. Since VCC3>VCC2>VCC1 is satisfied, the diode D1 is reversely cut off at this time, and the output voltage VCC2 of the diode D2 supplies power to the mounting device.
  • the switch S1 is an optional component, preferably a single pole single throw switch. When closing switch S1 At this time, the backup battery BT2 introduces the power supply device as a backup power source. In other examples, the switch S1 may not be included, and the diode D2 is directly connected to the backup battery BT2 at one end, and operates as a backup power source as long as the backup battery BT2 is mounted.
  • a charger is further connected between the main power source BT1 and the switch S1, and the backup power source BT2 is a rechargeable battery.
  • the switch S1 When the switch S1 is closed, the main power source BT1 supplies power to the body device and the mounting device, and also charges the backup power source BT2 through the charger. Since the replacement of the main power supply during the operation of the drone is relatively frequent, the backup power supply needs to supply power to the mounted device more frequently, but the capacity of the backup power supply itself is limited. In this case, the power of the backup power supply is easily exhausted and cannot be guaranteed. The continuity of the work of the mounted equipment will affect the efficiency of the drone.
  • the backup power source can charge the power of the main power source through the charger, and the power is not exhausted, and the power of the mounting device can be continuously supplied. Further ensuring the continuity of the work of the mounted equipment and the efficiency of the drone.
  • the charger may be a charging chip or a charging circuit, but the specific structure thereof is not limited, and those skilled in the art may select according to specific requirements.
  • the charger can include a power input interface, a power conversion unit, a power output interface, and a controller.
  • the power input interface receives the voltage or current of the main power source
  • the power conversion unit converts the voltage or current of the main power source under the control of the controller, and the converted voltage or current is output from the power output interface to the standby power source.
  • the charger further includes a communication interface, the controller acquires charging information of the backup power source through the communication interface, and controls the power conversion unit according to the charging information, and adjusts an output voltage or current of the power conversion unit to safely serve as a backup power source. Charging.

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Abstract

一种供电装置,用于为无人机供电,无人机包括本体设备及安装于本体设备的挂载设备;供电装置包括:主电源(BT1),用于向本体设备和挂载设备供电;备用电源(BT2),用于在主电源(BT1)更换期间,向挂载设备供电;电源控制模块,一端连接主电源(BT1)与备用电源(BT2),另一端连接本体设备和挂载设备,用于控制主电源(BT1)和备用电源(BT2)的供电状态。通过主电源(BT1)和备用电源(BT2)的配合实现对挂载设备的无缝切换式供电,大大提高了无人机的工作效率。

Description

一种供电装置以及应用其的无人机 技术领域
本发明涉及无人机技术领域,尤其涉及一种供电装置以及应用其的无人机。
背景技术
现有的无人机大部分只配备一个主电池,主电池断电后无人机的所有设备均会断电,重新给无人机上电后这些设备均需要重新上电启动。然而无人机作业时候更换电池较为频繁,更换电池时会导致无人机的设备断电。而无人机上的很多设备,尤其挂载设备,都带有系统程序,这些设备从重新上电到工作需要较长一段时间,因此需要等待设备启动完成,才可正常工作,这样大大降低了无人机的作业效率,影响无人机工作的连续性。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种供电装置,用于为无人机供电,所述无人机包括本体设备及安装于所述本体设备的挂载设备;所述供电装置包括:主电源,用于向所述本体设备和挂载设备供电;备用电源,用于在所述主电源更换期间,向所述挂载设备供电;电源控制模块,一端连接所述主电源与备用电源,另一端连接所述本体设备和挂载设备,用于控制所述主电源和备用电源的供电状态。
在一些实施例中,所述电源控制模块包括:第一控制模块,用于将主电源电压传输至所述本体设备,并将主电源电压降为第一电压传输至所述挂载设备;第二控制模块,用于在所述主电源更换期间,将备用电源电压降为第二电压传输至所述挂载设备。
在一些实施例中,所述第一控制模块包括:
连通支路,连接所述主电源与本体设备,用于将主电源电压传输至所述本体设备;单向导通部件,其一端连接所述主电源,另一端连接所述挂载设备,用于将主电源电压降为第一电压传输至所述挂载设备。
在一些实施例中,所述第二控制模块包括:单向导通部件,其一端连接所述备用电源,另一端连接所述挂载设备,用于将备用电源电压降为第二电压传输至所述挂载设备。
在一些实施例中,所述单向导通部件为二极管。
在一些实施例中,还包括:充电装置,连接所述主电源与备用电源,所述主电源通过其向所述备用电源充电。
在一些实施例中,所述充电装置包括:电源输入接口,用于接收所述主电源的电压或电流;电源转换单元,用于对所述主电源的电压或电流进行转换;电源输出接口,用于将转换后的电压或电流输出给所述备用电源。
在一些实施例中,所述挂载设备包括相机、摄像机、测绘仪、扬声器、拾音器的至少一种。
在一些实施例中,所述主电源包括第一电池,所述备用电源包括第二电池;所述第二电池的容量和/或体积小于第一电池。
在一些实施例中,所述单向导通部件和所述备用电源之间连接有开关,用于将备用电源接入所述供电装置以及将备用电源从所述供电装置断开。
本发明还提供了一种无人机,包括:本体设备;安装于所述本体设备的挂载设备;如上述任一项的供电装置,用于为所述本体设备和挂载设备供电。
本发明的供电装置包括主电源和备用电源,更换主电源时备用电源可以继续为挂载设备供电,通过主电源和备用电源对挂载设备的无缝切换式供电,可以大大提高无人机的工作效率。由于挂 载设备在更换主电源的过程中不断电,挂载设备的工作参数不会因更换主电源而丢失,保证了挂载设备数据的连续性,有助于提高无人机的断电续航能力,尤其适用于一些连续性要求比较高的作业。小容量备用电源无需大的安装空间,不会增大无人机的整体体积和重量,有利于无人机的小型化与轻薄化。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例的无人机结构示意图;
图2为本发明另一实施例的供电装置结构示意图;
图3为本发明另一实施例的供电装置结构示意图;
图4为本发明另一实施例的供电装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本发明进一步详细说明。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施方式,而不是全部实施方式。基于本发明的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明的保护范围。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有技术和科学术语与本领域技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体实施例,不是旨在于限制本发明。
本发明一实施例的无人机,如图1所示,包括无人机本体和挂载设备,无人机本体包括供电装置和本体设备,供电装置用于为本体设备和挂载设备供电。
供电装置包括主电源、备用电源以及电源控制模块。其中主电源电性连接电源控制模块的第一输入端,备用电源电性连接电源控制模块的第二输入端,电源控制模块的第一输出端电性连接本体设备,其第二输出端电性连接挂载设备。
本实施例中的供电装置,主电源为可更换电源,电源控制模块用于控制主电源和备用电源的供电状态。
正常工作情况下,主电源通过电源控制模块向本体设备和挂载设备供电。电源控制模块第一输入端接收主电源的输出电压,传输给本体设备和挂载设备。备用电源的输出电压虽然也接入电源控制模块,但在电源控制模块的控制下,其并不向本体设备和挂载设备供电。
当主电源电量不足,其无法满足本体设备和/或挂载设备正常工作时,需要更换主电源。当取下旧主电源后,则备用电源通过电源控制模块为挂载设备供电。电源控制模块第二输入端接收备用电源的输出电压,传输给给挂载设备。当安装好新主电源后,供电装置恢复正常工作情况,主电源通过继续电源控制模块为本体设备和挂载设备供电。
在本实施例中,无人机可以是无人飞行器、无人航拍器等各种无人飞行设备。
无人机本体包括但不限于动力装置、飞行控制装置、传感装置、通信装置等各种机上设备,这些机上设备至少构成部分的本体设备。
无人机的底部一般还包括有挂载平台,用于安装固定一个或多个挂载设备。挂载平台优选为云台,挂载设备包括但不限于相机、摄像机、测绘仪、扬声器、拾音器等设备。
主电源、备用电源可以采用各种类型的电源,例如电芯,电芯例如但不限于是各种类型的电池,例如锂电池。
本实施例中的供电装置,同时包括主电源和备用电源,更换主电源期间时,由于备用电源可以继续为挂载设备供电,使得挂载设备可以继续工作,不会断电。当主电源更换完毕后,只有本体设备重新上电启动,挂载设备由主电源继续供电,因此挂载设备在更换主电源的过程中无需重新上电启动,不需要等待启动完成。通过主电源和备用电源对挂载设备的无缝切换式供电,可以大大提高无人机的工作效率。其次,由于挂载设备在更换主电源的过程中不断电,使得挂载设备的工作参数不会因更换主电源而丢失,保证了挂载设备数据的连续性,有助于提高无人机的断电续航能力,尤其适用于一些连续性要求比较高的作业。
在本实施例中,由于备用电源的作用在于更换主电源期间为挂载 设备供电,其他情况下均由主电源为挂载设备和本体设备供电,更换主电源所需时间一般不会很长,因此相较于主电源,备用电源优选为小容量电源或小体积电源,小容量电源通常具有较小的体积。即在本实施例中,备用电源的容量和/或体积小于主电源的容量和体积,但对备用电池的容量和体积的具体数值并不做限定,本领域技术人员可以根据具体的需求进行设置,例如可以考虑挂载设备的种类、数量,更换主电源的频率与所需时间等因素选取合适的备用电源。选用小容量和/或小体积备用电源无需大的安装空间,不会增大无人机的整体体积和重量,有利于无人机的小型化与轻薄化。
本发明另一实施例的无人机,为了达到简要说明的目的,上述实施例中任何可作相同应用的技术特征叙述皆并于此,无需再重复相同叙述。
如图2所示,电源控制模块包括第一控制模块和第二控制模块,第一控制模块的输入端电性连接主电源,其第一输出端电性连接本体设备,第二控制模块的输入端电性连接备用电源,第一控制模块的第二输出端和第二控制模块的输出端连接后与挂载设备电性连接。
第一控制模块输入端接收主电源的输出电压VCC1,将输出电压VCC1一路传输至本体设备以向本体设备供电,另一路压降为电压VCC2后传输至挂载设备。第二控制模块具有单向导通特性,只有输入端至输出端方向可导通,反向截断。本实施例备用电源的输出电压VCC3小于主电源的输出电压VCC1以及传输至挂载设备的电压VCC2。由于第二控制模块的单向导通特性,此时第二控制模块截断,挂载设备由第一控制模块输出的电压VCC2供电,且电压VCC2不会对备用电源造成影响。
当更换主电源时,主电源被取出,主电源输出电压VCC1为零,第一控制模块第二输出端不再输出电压,此时,备用电源的输出电压VCC3使第二控制模块导通,该输出电压VCC3经第二控制模块压降后传输至挂载设备以向挂载设备供电。本实施例备用电源的输出电压VCC3应能够满足持续向挂载设备供电的电压要求,但对输出电压VCC3的具体数值并不做限定,本领域技术人员可以根据具体的需求, 例如挂载设备的种类和数量进行设置。与第二控制模块相同,第一控制模块也具有单向导通特性,只有输入端至第二输出端方向可导通,反向截断。主电源被取出后第一控制模块反向截断,在更换新的主电源的过程中,不会对主电源以及其他电路元件造成影响。
本发明另一实施例的无人机,为了达到简要说明的目的,上述实施例中任何可作相同应用的技术特征叙述皆并于此,无需再重复相同叙述。
在本实施例中,如图3所示,主电池BT1为主电源,备用电池BT2为备用电源。第一控制模块包括一连通支路与一单向导通支路,该连通支路直接连接主电池BT1与本体设备,该单向导通支路包括二极管D1,其一端连接主电池BT1,另一端连接挂载设备。第二控制模块也包括一单向导通电路,该单向导通电路包括二极管D2和开关S1,备用电池BT2经开关S1、二极管D2连接挂载设备,二极管D2的一端接开关S1,另一端与二极管D1的连接挂载设备的一端连接并连接至挂载设备。在本实施例中,二极管D1连接主电池BT1的一端为其正极,连接挂载设备的一端为负极,二极管D2连接开关S1的一端为其正极,连接挂载设备的一端为负极。
本实施例的供电装置,当主电池BT1、备用电池BT2安装好且开关S1闭合后,主电池BT1的输出电压VCC1分为两路,一路直接传输至本体设备以向本体设备供电。二极管D1导通,另一路输出电压VCC1经过二极管D1后产生压降,二极管D1输出电压VCC2至挂载设备。由于满足VCC1>VCC2>VCC3,此时二极管D2反向截断,二极管D1输出电压VCC2向挂载设备供电,且电压VCC2不会对备用电池BT2造成影响。
当更换主电源时,主电池BT1被取出,其输出电压VCC1为零,二极管D1不再输出电压,此时,二极管D2导通,备用电池BT2的输出电压VCC3经二极管D2后产生压降,二极管D2输出电压VCC2至挂载设备。由于满足VCC3>VCC2>VCC1,此时二极管D1反向截断,二极管D2输出电压VCC2向挂载设备供电。
其中开关S1为选配部件,优选为单刀单掷开关。当合上开关S1 时,备用电池BT2才引入供电装置作为备用电源。在其他示例中,也可以不包括开关S1,二极管D2一端直接连接备用电池BT2,只要安装上备用电池BT2,其就作为备用电源工作。
本发明另一实施例的无人机,为了达到简要说明的目的,上述实施例中任何可作相同应用的技术特征叙述皆并于此,无需再重复相同叙述。
如图4所示,在主电源BT1与开关S1之间还连接有充电器,备用电源BT2为可充电电池。当合上开关S1后,主电源BT1向本体设备和挂载设备供电的同时,还通过充电器向备用电源BT2充电。由于无人机作业时主电源的更换是较为频繁的,备用电源需要较为频繁地为挂载设备供电,但备用电源本身的容量有限,这种情况下备用电源的电量很容易耗尽,无法保证挂载设备的工作连续性,将影响无人机的工作效率。通过本实施例的充电器,使得每次为挂载设备供电后,备用电源可通过充电器获取主电源的电力为自己充电,不会出现电量耗尽的情况,可以持续地为挂载设备供电,进一步保证了挂载设备的工作连续性以及无人机的工作效率。
在本实施例中,充电器可以选用充电芯片或充电电路,但对其具体结构不做限定,本领域技术人员可以根据具体的需求选取。在一个示例中,充电器可以包括电源输入接口、电源转换单元、电源输出接口以及控制器。电源输入接口接收主电源的电压或电流,电源转换单元在控制器的控制下对主电源的电压或电流进行转换,转换后的电压或电流由电源输出接口输出给备用电源。在另一个示例中,充电器还包括通信接口,控制器通过通信接口获取备用电源的充电信息,并根据充电信息控制电源转换单元,调整电源转换单元的输出电压或电流,以安全地为备用电源充电。
至此,已经结合附图对本实施例进行了详细描述。依据以上描述,本领域技术人员应当对本发明有了清楚的认识。
需要说明的是,在附图或说明书正文中,未绘示或描述的实现方式,均为所属技术领域中普通技术人员所知的形式,并未进行详细说明。此外,上述对各元件的定义并不仅限于实施例中提到的各种具体 结构、形状,本领域普通技术人员可对其进行简单地更改或替换。
以上所述的具体实施例,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种供电装置,用于为无人机供电,所述无人机包括本体设备及安装于所述本体设备的挂载设备;
    所述供电装置包括:
    主电源,用于向所述本体设备和挂载设备供电;
    备用电源,用于在所述主电源更换期间,向所述挂载设备供电;
    电源控制模块,一端连接所述主电源与备用电源,另一端连接所述本体设备和挂载设备,用于控制所述主电源和备用电源的供电状态。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的供电装置,所述电源控制模块包括:
    第一控制模块,用于将主电源电压传输至所述本体设备,并将主电源电压降为第一电压传输至所述挂载设备;
    第二控制模块,用于在所述主电源更换期间,将备用电源电压降为第二电压传输至所述挂载设备。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的供电装置,所述第一控制模块包括:
    连通支路,连接所述主电源与本体设备,用于将主电源电压传输至所述本体设备;
    单向导通部件,其一端连接所述主电源,另一端连接所述挂载设备,用于将主电源电压降为第一电压传输至所述挂载设备。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的供电装置,所述第二控制模块包括:
    单向导通部件,其一端连接所述备用电源,另一端连接所述挂载设备,用于将备用电源电压降为第二电压传输至所述挂载设备。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的供电装置,所述单向导通部件为二极管。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的供电装置,还包括:充电装置,连接所述主电源与备用电源,所述主电源通过其向所述备用电源充电。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的供电装置,所述充电装置包括:
    电源输入接口,用于接收所述主电源的电压或电流;
    电源转换单元,用于对所述主电源的电压或电流进行转换;
    电源输出接口,用于将转换后的电压或电流输出给所述备用电源。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的供电装置,所述挂载设备包括相机.摄像机.测绘仪.扬声器.拾音器的至少一种。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的供电装置,所述主电源包括第一电池,所述备用电源包括第二电池;所述第二电池的容量和/或体积小于第一电池。
  10. 如权利要求4所述的供电装置,所述单向导通部件和所述备用电源之间连接有开关,用于将备用电源接入所述供电装置以及将备用电源从所述供电装置断开。
  11. 一种无人机,包括:
    本体设备;
    安装于所述本体设备的挂载设备;
    供电装置,用于为所述本体设备和挂载设备供电,所述供电装置包括:主电源,用于向所述本体设备和挂载设备供电;备用电源,用于在所述主电源更换期间,向所述挂载设备供电;电源控制模块,一端连接所述主电源与备用电源,另一端连接所述本体设备和挂载设备,用于控制所述主电源和备用电源的供电状态,。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的无人机,所述电源控制模块包括:
    第一控制模块,用于将主电源电压传输至所述本体设备,并将主电源电压降为第一电压传输至所述挂载设备;
    第二控制模块,用于在所述主电源更换期间,将备用电源电压降为第二电压传输至所述挂载设备。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的无人机,所述第一控制模块包括:
    连通支路,连接所述主电源与本体设备,用于将主电源电压传输 至所述本体设备;
    单向导通部件,其一端连接所述主电源,另一端连接所述挂载设备,用于将主电源电压降为第一电压传输至所述挂载设备。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的无人机,所述第二控制模块包括:
    单向导通部件,其一端连接所述备用电源,另一端连接所述挂载设备,用于将备用电源电压降为第二电压传输至所述挂载设备。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的无人机,所述单向导通部件为二极管。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的无人机,还包括:充电装置,连接所述主电源与备用电源,所述主电源通过其向所述备用电源充电。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的供电装置,所述充电装置包括:
    电源输入接口,用于接收所述主电源的电压或电流;
    电源转换单元,用于对所述主电源的电压或电流进行转换;
    电源输出接口,用于将转换后的电压或电流输出给所述备用电源。
  18. 如权利要求11所述的无人机,所述挂载设备包括相机.摄像机.测绘仪.扬声器.拾音器的至少一种。
  19. 如权利要求11所述的无人机,所述主电源包括第一电池,所述备用电源包括第二电池;所述第二电池的容量和/或体积小于第一电池。
  20. 如权利要求14所述的无人机,所述单向导通部件和所述备用电源之间连接有开关,用于将备用电源接入所述供电装置以及将备用电源从所述供电装置断开。
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