WO2018228611A1 - 双电源自动转换开关 - Google Patents

双电源自动转换开关 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018228611A1
WO2018228611A1 PCT/CN2018/100912 CN2018100912W WO2018228611A1 WO 2018228611 A1 WO2018228611 A1 WO 2018228611A1 CN 2018100912 W CN2018100912 W CN 2018100912W WO 2018228611 A1 WO2018228611 A1 WO 2018228611A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
arc extinguishing
receiving portion
channel
extinguishing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/100912
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龚柱
Original Assignee
龚柱
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 龚柱 filed Critical 龚柱
Priority to CN201880031415.1A priority Critical patent/CN111033662A/zh
Publication of WO2018228611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018228611A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H2009/305—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts including means for screening for arc gases as protection of mechanism against hot arc gases or for keeping arc gases in the arc chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H2009/348—Provisions for recirculation of arcing gasses to improve the arc extinguishing, e.g. move the arc quicker into the arcing chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H01H2009/365—Metal parts using U-shaped plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of power equipment, and in particular to a dual power automatic transfer switch.
  • the arc extinguishing device for extinguishing the arc is arranged in the switch, and the arc extinguishing device is arranged. It is a grid arc-extinguishing hood that uses a method of dividing the arc into a plurality of short arcs connected in series to extinguish the arc. The arc heats the surrounding gas, causing the gas to rapidly expand and expand. The expanded gas enters the arc extinguishing device and is finally discharged from the air outlet of the arc chute.
  • the arc is a bundle of free gas, which is extremely light in weight and easily deformed. Under the action of gas or liquid flow or electromagnetic force, the arc can move, elongate or bend rapidly. Due to the electromagnetic force or other external force (airflow, liquid flow), the arc is introduced into the metal grid, and a long arc is divided into a plurality of short arcs connected in series by a plurality of metal grids.
  • the arc is no longer re-ignited and extinguished, that is, if the individual arc gap voltage is less than the dielectric recovery strength, then a single arc gap The arc is no longer re-ignited. If the arc of each arc gap is no longer re-ignited, the arc in the entire arc extinguishing device is extinguished. Therefore, if a long arc can be divided into more short arcs, the voltage of the single arc gap will be smaller, and the more the arc is re-ignited.
  • the number of arc-extinguishing grids is not so large. Therefore, the number of short arcs that can be divided is not much.
  • the total number of short arcs divided is the number of arc-extinguishing grids minus one.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a dual power automatic transfer switch.
  • the present invention provides a dual power automatic transfer switch comprising an automatic operating mechanism and a contact chamber coupled to the automatic operating mechanism; the automatic operating mechanism is provided with a sampling unit, a control unit and an electromagnet, and the contact chamber is provided with a moving Contacts, static contacts, terminal blocks, arc chutes and transmissions.
  • the movable contact is coupled with the transmission mechanism, the static contact is connected with the connection terminal, the connection terminal portion exposes the contact chamber, the sampling unit is connected with the connection terminal of the contact chamber and collects voltage information of the power supply, and the connection terminal comprises two power supply terminals and A load terminal block.
  • the control unit is coupled to the electromagnet and controls the action of the electromagnet.
  • the electromagnet is disconnected or connected to the static contact through the transmission structure.
  • the arc generated during the process of disconnecting the movable contact and the static contact is extinguished by an arc extinguishing device disposed in the arc extinguishing chamber, and the arc extinguishing device has a plurality of arc extinguishing grids and an insulating support member for mounting the arc extinguishing grid.
  • the adjacent arc chutes are spaced apart from each other to form an arc passage for receiving an arc, the arc chute having a mounting portion for mounting and a receiving portion for receiving an arc, the receiving portion being provided with a diverting portion for splitting the arc, the shunt
  • the portion includes a through hole penetrating the receiving portion and a tongue of the protruding receiving portion.
  • the oblique tongue is disposed on a side of the through hole away from the arc inlet end and extends toward the arc inlet end, and the angle between the oblique tongue and the surface of the receiving portion is an acute angle, and the oblique tongue
  • the root is continuous with the receiving portion, and the receiving portion is provided with one or more shunts in the direction of propagation of the arc.
  • the oblique tongue of the first arc-extinguishing grid is staggered and disposed opposite to the oblique tongue of the second arc-extinguishing grid.
  • the oblique tongue of the third arc-extinguishing grid is staggered and disposed opposite to the oblique tongue of the fourth arc-extinguishing grid.
  • the dual power manual switch of the present invention has the following beneficial effects as compared with the existing dual power automatic transfer switch.
  • the total length of the arc becomes longer, increasing the contact area of the arc with the surrounding medium, enhancing the cooling and diffusion effects, and facilitating arc extinguishing.
  • the total length of the arc becomes longer and the resistance becomes larger, which is not conducive to the re-ignition of the arc and is conducive to arc extinguishing.
  • the arc gap voltage is sharply reduced, greatly reducing the chance of re-ignition of the arc gap arc.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional arc extinguishing grid
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first arc chute in the first to fourth embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second arc extinguishing grid in the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a cutaway perspective view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a cutaway perspective view of Figure 2 taken along the line A-A;
  • Figure 7 is a cutaway perspective view of Figure 3;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a conventional arc extinguishing device
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the second arc extinguishing device in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a cutaway perspective view taken along line B-B of Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a cutaway perspective view of the first arc extinguishing device in the first embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a front elevational view of Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a cutaway perspective view of the second arc extinguishing device in the second embodiment
  • Figure 15 is a front elevational view of Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is a cutaway perspective view of the third arc extinguishing device in the third embodiment
  • Figure 17 is a front elevational view of Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is a cutaway perspective view of the fourth arc extinguishing device in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 19 is a front elevational view of Figure 18;
  • Figure 20 is a perspective view of a conventional arc extinguishing device
  • Figure 21 is a perspective view of a conventional arc extinguishing grid
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view of a third arc chute in Embodiment 5 and Embodiment 6 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a fourth arc chute in the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 24 is a cutaway perspective view of Figure 21;
  • Figure 25 is a cutaway perspective view of Figure 22;
  • Figure 26 is a cutaway perspective view of Figure 23;
  • Figure 27 is a partially cutaway perspective view of Figure 20;
  • Figure 28 is a front elevational view of Figure 27;
  • Figure 29 is a cutaway perspective view of the fifth arc extinguishing device in the fifth embodiment.
  • Figure 30 is a front elevational view of Figure 29;
  • Figure 31 is a cutaway perspective view of the sixth arc extinguishing device in the sixth embodiment.
  • Figure 32 is a front elevational view of Figure 31;
  • 33-40 is a schematic sectional view showing the arc of the first arc extinguishing device in the first embodiment
  • 41-45 are schematic diagrams showing the number of segments after the arcing of the first arc extinguishing device in the first embodiment
  • 45-51 is a schematic sectional view of the arc of the second arc extinguishing device in the second embodiment
  • 53-57 are schematic diagrams showing the number of segments after the arcing of the second arc extinguishing device in the second embodiment
  • Figure 58 is a perspective view of a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 59 is a front elevational view of the switch of Figure 58 as seen from the direction C, wherein the end cap of the switch and the arc extinguishing device have been removed;
  • Figure 60 is a front elevational view showing the arc extinguishing device added in Figure 59;
  • Figure 61 is a front elevational view of the insulating support member of the arc extinguishing device removed in Figure 60;
  • Figure 62 is a schematic diagram of the power source A being turned on and the power source B being turned off;
  • Figure 63 is a schematic diagram of the disconnection of both power sources
  • Figure 64 is a schematic diagram of the power source B being turned on and the power source A being turned off;
  • Figure 58 shows a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention, which comprises an automatic operating mechanism 8, a contact chamber 9 coupled to the automatic operating mechanism 8, and the automatic operating mechanism 8 is provided with a sampling unit, a control unit, and an electromagnetic unit. Iron, power supply A trigger button 19, power supply B trigger button 20, and secondary wiring block 21.
  • the contact chamber 9 is provided with a movable contact, a static contact, a connection terminal, an arc extinguishing chamber and a transmission mechanism 14, the movable contact is coupled with the transmission mechanism 14, the static contact is connected with the connection terminal, and the connection terminal Part of the contact chamber is exposed.
  • the movable contact and the static contact in the contact chamber 9 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central surface of the contact chamber 9, and an arc extinguishing chamber is arranged between the movable contact and the static contact, and the partition in the center of the arc extinguishing chamber will be an arc extinguishing chamber. Divided into a power A arc extinguishing chamber and a B arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the sampling unit is coupled with the terminal of the contact chamber 9 and collects voltage information of the power source.
  • the control unit is coupled with the electromagnet and controls the action of the electromagnet.
  • the terminal comprises two power terminals 11 and 12 and a load terminal 13 .
  • the A terminal 11 is connected to the power source A
  • the power source B terminal 12 is connected to the power source B
  • the load terminal 13 is connected to the load.
  • the power supply required for the electromagnet action is derived from the power source A terminal of the contact chamber or the power source B terminal.
  • the command required for the action of the electromagnet is provided by the power source A trigger button 19 or the power source B trigger button 20 or the control unit.
  • the automatic operating mechanism 8 is provided with two electromagnets, a power source A electromagnet and a power source B electromagnet, the power source A electromagnet is responsible for switching the load from the power source B to the power source A, and the power source B electromagnet is responsible for switching the load from the power source A to the power source.
  • the sampling unit is coupled with the two power terminals 11 and 12 and collects the voltage signals of the two power sources. The sampling unit transmits the collected voltage signal of the power source A to the control unit, and the control unit calculates and presets the collected voltage signals. Value comparison, according to the comparison result, select whether to issue an action command to the electromagnet.
  • the power source A arc extinguishing chamber is provided with a power source A arc extinguishing device
  • the power source B arc extinguishing chamber is provided with a power source B arc extinguishing device
  • the arc extinguishing device is used for extinguishing an arc generated during the disconnecting of the moving contact and the static contact.
  • the arc is divided into a plurality of arc extinguishing gratings disposed in the arc device to be divided into arc segments, and finally extinguished, as shown in FIG.
  • the triggering power supply A trigger button 19 or the power supply B triggering button 20 activates the electromagnet, and the electromagnet disconnects or turns the movable contact and the static contact through the transmission structure 14, and the movable contact and the static contact are disconnected.
  • the arc is extinguished by an arc extinguishing device disposed in the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the dual power automatic transfer switch is provided with three working modes, namely automatic mode, electric mode and manual mode.
  • the sampling unit transmits the collected voltage signal of the power source A to the control unit, and the control unit calculates and compares the collected voltage signal with a preset value, and selects whether to issue an action command to the electromagnet according to the comparison result.
  • the power supply B trigger button on the automatic operation mechanism 8 is artificially triggered, the power supply B trigger button is closed to operate the B power supply electromagnet, and the contact chamber is made through the transmission mechanism 14.
  • the power source A moving contact 15 in 9 is separated from the load static contact 16 first, as shown in Fig. 63, and then the power source B moving contact 17 and the load static contact 16 in the contact chamber 9 are closed, as shown in Fig. 64, and then The load is switched from the faulty power supply A to the normal power supply B to achieve continuous operation of the load.
  • the power supply A trigger button on the automatic operation mechanism 8 is artificially triggered, the power supply A trigger button is closed to activate the A power supply electromagnet, and the power supply in the contact chamber 9 is transmitted through the transmission mechanism 14.
  • the B moving contact 17 is separated from the load static contact 16 first, as shown in Fig. 63, and then the power supply A moving contact 15 and the load static contact 16 in the contact chamber 9 are closed, as shown in Fig. 62, thereby loading the load from the fault.
  • the power supply B is switched to the normal power supply A to continue the operation of the load.
  • the current contact state of the dual power automatic transfer switch and the information on the success or failure of the conversion are output to the designated device through the secondary terminal block 21 of the automatic operating mechanism 8, and the current power state of the load can be passed through the position pointer on the front of the automatic operating mechanism 8. 10 shows.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an existing arc chute for a dual power automatic transfer switch having a mounting portion for mounting and a receiving portion for receiving an arc, the mounting portion being four convex And the lug for embedding the insulating support, the left side position as shown is provided with an arc inlet end, and the arc moves from the arc inlet end and then moves at the receiving portion.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first arc extinguishing grid 4 for a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention, having a mounting portion for mounting and a receiving portion for receiving an arc, the mounting portion For the four lugs that are used to embed the insulating support, the left side position as shown is provided with an arc inlet end, and the arc enters from the arc inlet end and moves at the receiving portion, and the receiving portion is provided with a dividing arc
  • the diverting portion 1 is provided in the direction of propagation of the arc, and the number of the diverting portions 1 is selected according to the length of the receiving portion. In this embodiment, three diverting portions 1 are provided.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the diverting portion 1 including a through hole 3 penetrating the receiving portion and a slanting tongue 2 projecting from the receiving portion, the slanting tongue 2 being disposed on a side of the through hole 3 away from the arc inlet end and facing
  • the arc inlet end extends, and the angle between the oblique tongue 2 and the surface of the receiving portion is an acute angle.
  • the angle of the embodiment is 35 degrees.
  • the root of the oblique tongue 2 is continuous with the receiving portion, and is connected by a circular arc and disposed on the oblique tongue 2.
  • the distance of the end for dividing the arc from the projection to the arc inlet end is smaller than the distance from the edge of the through hole 3 to the arc inlet end, such that the arc first contacts the tongue 2, is divided, and finally enters the through hole 3.
  • the first arc extinguishing grid 4 is different from the existing arc extinguishing grid in the receiving portion, and the first arc extinguishing can be obtained by processing the diverting portion 1 at the receiving portion of the existing arc extinguishing grid.
  • the grid 4, the diverting portion 1 can be formed by, but not limited to, a punch forming process.
  • Figures 8, 10, and 11 show a conventional arc extinguishing device having eight arc extinguishing grids and two insulating support members for mounting the arc extinguishing grid, and two insulating supports sandwiching 8
  • An arc chute, adjacent arc chutes are spaced apart from each other to form an arc passage for receiving an arc.
  • the mounting portion of the arc-extinguishing grid is embedded in the insulating support and fastened to the insulating support.
  • the arc-extinguishing grids are insulated from each other and arranged in parallel, and the distance between the adjacent arc-extinguishing grids is the same.
  • first arc extinguishing device disclosed in the present invention, which has eight arc extinguishing grids and two insulating supports for mounting the arc extinguishing grid, and two insulating supports are held by 8
  • One arc-extinguishing grid six of which are the first arc-extinguishing grid 4
  • the other two are the existing arc-extinguishing grids
  • six first arc-extinguishing grids are disposed between the two existing arc-extinguishing grids. 4.
  • Adjacent arc chutes are spaced apart from each other to form an arc passage for receiving an arc.
  • the mounting portion of the arc-extinguishing grid is embedded in the insulating support and fastened to the insulating support, and the arc-extinguishing grids are insulated from each other and arranged in parallel.
  • the expanded gas enters the arc channel, it is shunted by the splitting portion 1, a part of the gas continues to move along the current arc channel, and another part of the gas is introduced into the through hole 3 by the oblique tongue 2 and enters the adjacent arc. aisle.
  • After a long arc enters from the inlet end of the arc extinguishing device it is divided into 7 small arcs by 8 arc extinguishing grids, and the divided small arc continues to propagate forward in the arc channel.
  • the small arc When the small arc encounters the diverter 1 At the time, due to the action of the electromagnetic force or the air flow, the small arc is divided into two segments by the oblique tongue 2 of the diverting portion 1, and a portion moves along the upper surface of the oblique tongue 2 to continue moving forward in the current arc passage. The other section moves forward along the lower surface of the slanting tongue 2 through the through hole 3 into the adjacent arc passage. The shunted arc continues to move within the arc passage, and when the arc encounters the split portion 1 again during the movement, the arc is again split according to the aforementioned division rule.
  • 33-40 are schematic sectional views of the first arc extinguishing device for the arc, and the arc channels are named A, B, C, D, E, F, G from top to bottom.
  • the black short line indicates the arc, and the order of the front and the back does not represent the true order of the real arc.
  • the passage of the passage A is taken as an example.
  • the arc is located at the inlet end of channel A.
  • the arc is split into two segments for the first time in channel A, one segment continuing in channel A and the other segment in channel B, as shown in FIG.
  • the arc is split into two segments for the second time in channel A, one segment continuing in channel A and the other segment in channel B, as shown in FIG.
  • the arc is divided into two segments in channel A for the third time, one segment continues in channel A and the other segment in channel B, as shown in Fig. 36. At this time, there is one arc in channel A and three in channel B. Segment arc.
  • the second arc in channel B in Fig. 36 is divided into two segments, one segment continuing in channel B and the other segment in channel C, as shown in FIG.
  • the first arc in channel B in Fig. 37 is divided into two segments, one segment continuing in channel B and the other segment in channel C, as shown in FIG.
  • the first arc in channel B in Fig. 38 is divided into two segments, one segment continuing in channel B and the other segment in channel C, as shown in FIG.
  • the first arc in channel C in Fig. 39 is divided into two segments, one segment continuing in channel C and the other segment in channel D, as shown in Figure 40, at which point the arc initially at the inlet end of channel A is split. After completion, the number of segments is counted as one arc in channel A, three arcs in channel B, one arc in channel C, and one arc in channel D.
  • the division is represented by a combination of letters and numbers.
  • the front letter represents the arc channel where the arc at the inlet end of the arc extinguishing device is located, and the latter number represents the number of short arcs of the current channel.
  • the segmentation of an arc after passage A is: A1, A3, A3, A1.
  • the array of arrays is enclosed by a dashed box, as shown in FIG.
  • segmentation of an arc after passage B is: B1, B3, B3, B1, as shown in FIG.
  • segmentation of an arc after passage through channel C is: C1, C3, C3, C1, as shown in FIG.
  • segmentation of an arc after passage through channel D is: D1, D3, D3, D1, as shown in FIG.
  • segmentation of an arc after passage F is: F1, F3, F3, F1, as shown in FIG.
  • segmentation of an arc after passage through channel G is: G1, G3, G3, G1, as shown in FIG.
  • a long arc passes through the first arc extinguishing device and is divided into 44 short arcs.
  • the existing arc extinguishing device only one long arc can be divided into 7 short arcs, and the number of short arcs split by the first arc extinguishing device is more than 6 times that of the existing arc extinguishing device.
  • the dramatic increase in the number of short arcs that are segmented can bring about the following beneficial effects. 1.
  • the arc extinguishing performance of the first arc extinguishing device is more than six times that of the existing arc extinguishing device.
  • the arc is no longer re-ignited and extinguished, that is, if the individual arc gap voltage is less than the dielectric recovery strength, then a single arc gap The arc is no longer re-ignited. If the arc of each arc gap is no longer re-ignited, the arc in the entire arc extinguishing device is extinguished. Therefore, if a long arc can be divided into more short arcs, the voltage of the single arc gap will be smaller, and the more the arc is re-ignited.
  • the first arc extinguishing device replaces the arc extinguishing grating piece between the two arc extinguishing grating pieces in the existing arc extinguishing device with the first arc extinguishing grating piece 4, and the total arc extinguishing grating piece and the arc channel number remain unchanged.
  • the number of arc chutes is eight, the number of arc chutes is seven, and the outer dimensions of the entire arc extinguishing device remain unchanged.
  • a long arc is divided into 44 short arcs after passing through the first arc extinguishing device, and the existing arc extinguishing device can only be divided into 7 short arcs.
  • the short arc of each section of the arc extinguishing device is subjected to different electromagnetic forces, and the moving speed of each short arc is different, which is beneficial to avoid the arc channel.
  • the short arc divided by the inner arc by the branching unit 1 is fused with the short arc divided by the branching unit 1 in the adjacent arc channel.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 are a perspective view and a partially cutaway perspective view of a second arc extinguishing grid 5 for a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention.
  • the second arc extinguishing grid 5 is an embodiment.
  • the three shunts 1 on the first arc-extinguishing grid 4 are moved by a certain distance in the arc propagation direction, and the distance of the movement is about the distance between the half adjacent shunts 1 for the purpose of making the first
  • the shunt portion 1 on the first arc chute sheet 4 and the shunt portion 1 on the second arc extinguishing grid sheet 5 are interdigitated.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a second arc extinguishing device for a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention.
  • the second arc extinguishing device is three of the first arc extinguishing devices in the first embodiment.
  • the first arc-extinguishing grid 4 is replaced with a second arc-extinguishing grid 5 such that the first arc-extinguishing grid 4 and the second arc-extinguishing grid 5 are alternately disposed.
  • the oblique tongue 2 of the first arc extinguishing grid 4 and the oblique tongue 2 of the second arc extinguishing grid 5 are staggered and opposed to each other.
  • 46-57 are schematic sectional views of the arc of the second arc extinguishing device.
  • the arc channels are named A, B, C, D, E, F, G from top to bottom.
  • the black short line indicates the arc, and the order of the front and the back does not represent the true order of the real arc.
  • the passage of the passage A through the passage A and the passage of the passage through the passage B are taken as an example.
  • the arc is at the inlet end of channel A and the arc is at the inlet end of channel B.
  • the arc in channel A is not split directly through.
  • the arc in channel B is split into two segments for the first time, one segment continues in channel B and the other segment in channel C, as shown in Figure 47.
  • the arc in channel C is not split directly through, and the arc in channel B is divided into two segments by the ground, one segment continuing in channel B and the other segment in channel A, as shown in FIG.
  • the arc in channel A is not split directly through, and the arc in channel B is divided into two segments by the ground three times, one segment continuing in channel B and the other segment in channel C, as shown in FIG.
  • the arc in channel C is not split directly through, and the arc in channel B is divided into two segments four times, one segment continuing in channel B and the other segment in channel A, as shown in FIG.
  • the arc in channel A is not split directly through, and the arc in channel B is divided into two segments by ground five times, one segment continuing in channel B and the other segment in channel C, as shown in FIG.
  • the arc in the channel C is not directly divided, and the arc in the channel B is divided into two segments by the ground six times, one segment continues in the channel B, and the other segment is in the channel A, as shown in Fig. 52.
  • the arc at the entrance end of channel B is divided.
  • the number of segments is counted as three arcs in channel A, one arc in channel B, and three arcs in channel C.
  • the arc at the entrance end of the channel A is directly passed through the channel A because it is not divided. Therefore, in the last channel A, there is a segment A channel A undivided arc and 3 segments segmented by channel B.
  • the division is represented by a combination of letters and numbers.
  • the front letter represents the arc channel where the arc at the inlet end of the arc extinguishing device is located, and the latter number represents the number of short arcs of the current channel.
  • segmentation of an arc through channel A and an arc through channel B are: A1, B3, B1, B3, as shown in FIG.
  • array of arrays is enclosed by a dashed box, as shown in FIG.
  • segmentation of an arc through channel C and an arc through channel D is: C1, D3, D1, D3, as shown in FIG.
  • segmentation of an arc through channel G and an arc through channel H is: G1, H3, H1, H3, as shown in FIG.
  • a long arc passes through the second arc extinguishing device and is divided into 25 short arcs.
  • the existing arc extinguishing device only one long arc can be divided into 7 short arcs, and the number of short arcs divided by the second arc extinguishing device is more than three times that of the existing arc extinguishing device.
  • the dramatic increase in the number of short arcs that are segmented can bring about the following beneficial effects. 1.
  • the arc extinguishing performance of the second arc extinguishing device is more than three times that of the existing arc extinguishing device.
  • the third arc extinguishing device is the first one of the first arc extinguishing device in the first embodiment.
  • the number of arc chute sheets 4 is reduced from six to four, while the distance between adjacent arc chute sheets is different. Since the distance between the adjacent arc extinguishing grids is different, the arc enters the arc inlet end of the third arc extinguishing device and is divided into five short arcs of different lengths.
  • the electromagnetic force of each arc is different, which causes the moving speed of each short arc to be different, which is beneficial to avoid short arc and adjacent arc after the arc in the arc channel is divided by the diverting part 1.
  • the short arc is divided by the shunt portion 1 in the arc passage.
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 show a fourth arc extinguishing device for a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention, and the fourth arc extinguishing device is two of the third arc extinguishing devices of the third embodiment.
  • the first arc extinguishing grid 4 is replaced with the second arc extinguishing grid 5 such that the first arc extinguishing grid 4 and the second arc extinguishing grid 5 are alternately disposed, and the oblique tongue 2 and the second of the first arc extinguishing grid 4
  • the slanting tongues 2 of the arc chute 5 are staggered and disposed opposite each other.
  • Figure 20 shows another prior art arc extinguishing device for a high current switch in which a plurality of moving contacts collectively complete the opening or closing of a phase current.
  • the arc extinguishing grid is as shown in FIG. 21, and has a mounting portion for mounting and a receiving portion for receiving an arc, and the mounting portions at both ends are respectively embedded in the grooves provided on the corresponding insulating support members, as shown in FIG.
  • the left side position shown is provided with an arc inlet end, and the arc moves from the arc inlet end and then moves at the receiving portion.
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view of a first arc extinguishing grid 4 for use on a dual power automatic transfer switch having a mounting portion for mounting and a receiving portion for receiving an arc, both ends of which are disclosed
  • the mounting portions are each embedded in a recess provided in the corresponding insulating support member.
  • the left side position shown in FIG. 22 is provided with an arc inlet end.
  • the arc enters from the arc inlet end and moves at the receiving portion, and the receiving portion is provided with a dividing arc.
  • the diverting portion 1 is provided in the direction of propagation of the arc, and the number of the diverting portions 1 is selected according to the length of the receiving portion. In this embodiment, three diverting portions 1 are provided.
  • the first arc-extinguishing grid 4 differs from the existing arc-extinguishing grid in that the receiving portion can obtain the first arc-extinguishing by processing the diverting portion 1 at the receiving portion of the existing arc-extinguishing grid.
  • the grid 4, the diverting portion 1 can be formed by, but not limited to, a punch forming process.
  • FIG. 27 and 28 show another conventional arc extinguishing device shown in FIG. 20, which has eight arc extinguishing grids and two insulating supports for mounting the arc extinguishing grid, one of which is an insulating support member. Withdrawn, the two insulating supports hold eight arc chutes, and the adjacent arc chutes are spaced apart from each other to form an arc passage for receiving an arc.
  • the mounting portions at both ends are respectively embedded in the recesses provided in the corresponding insulating support members, and the two insulating support members are fastened by screws to fix the arc extinguishing grids in the corresponding grooves.
  • Each arc-extinguishing grid is insulated from each other, and the angle between adjacent arc-extinguishing grids is the same. After a long arc enters from the inlet end of the arc extinguishing device, it is divided into 7 small arcs by 8 arc extinguishing grids, and the divided small arcs continue to propagate forward in the respective arc channels.
  • 29 and 30 show a fifth arc extinguishing device for a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention, which has eight arc extinguishing grids and two insulating supports for mounting the arc extinguishing grid.
  • One of the insulating supports has been removed, and two insulating supports hold eight arc-extinguishing grids, six of which are the third arc-extinguishing grids 6, and the other two are the existing arc-extinguishing grids, 2
  • Six third arc chute sheets 6 are disposed between the existing arc chute sheets, and adjacent arc chute sheets are spaced apart from each other to form an arc passage for receiving an arc.
  • the mounting portions at both ends are respectively embedded in the recesses provided in the corresponding insulating support members, and the two insulating support members are fastened by screws to fix the arc extinguishing grids in the corresponding grooves.
  • the small arc When the small arc encounters the diverter 1 At the time, due to the action of the electromagnetic force or the air flow, the small arc is divided into two segments by the oblique tongue 2 of the diverting portion 1, and a portion moves along the upper surface of the oblique tongue 2 to continue moving forward in the current arc passage. The other section moves forward along the lower surface of the slanting tongue 2 through the through hole 3 into the adjacent arc passage. The shunted arc continues to move within the arc passage, and when the arc encounters the split portion 1 again during the movement, the arc is again split according to the aforementioned division rule.
  • FIG. 23 and FIG. 26 are a perspective view and a partially cutaway perspective view of a fourth arc extinguishing grid 7 for a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention.
  • the fourth arc extinguishing grid 7 is an embodiment.
  • the six shunts 1 on the third arc-extinguishing grid 6 of the fifth middle are moved by a certain distance in the arc propagation direction, and the moving distance is the distance between the half adjacent shunts 1 for the purpose of making the third extinction
  • the diverting portion 1 on the third arc extinguishing grid piece 6 and the diverting portion 1 on the fourth arc extinguishing grid piece 7 are interdigitated.
  • FIG. 31 and 32 show a sixth arc extinguishing device for a dual power automatic transfer switch disclosed in the present invention, and the sixth arc extinguishing device is three of the fifth arc extinguishing devices in the fifth embodiment.
  • the third arc extinguishing grid 6 is replaced with the fourth arc extinguishing grid 7 so that the third arc extinguishing grid 6 and the fourth arc extinguishing grid 7 are alternately disposed, and the oblique tongue 2 and the fourth of the third arc extinguishing grid 6
  • the slanting tongues 2 of the arc chute sheet 7 are staggered and disposed opposite each other.
  • the arc extinguishing grid and arc extinguishing device disclosed in the invention can also be used for arc generated when the moving and static contacts in the liquid are separated.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种双电源自动转换开关，属于电力设备领域，其包括自动操作机构（8）和触头室（9），触头室（9）设置有动触头、静触头、接线端子、灭弧室及传动机构（14），灭弧装置具有多个灭弧栅片和用于安装灭弧栅片的绝缘支撑件，灭弧栅片具有安装部和接纳部，接纳部设置有用于分割电弧的分流部（1），分流部（1）包括贯穿接纳部的通孔（3）和凸出接纳部的斜舌（2），斜舌（2）设置在通孔（3）远离电弧入口端的一侧且朝电弧入口端延伸，斜舌（2）与接纳部表面的夹角为锐角，斜舌（2）的根部与接纳部连续，接纳部沿电弧的传播方向设置一个或者多个分流部（1）。双电源自动转换开关的有益效果，1.相同的空间内一束长弧被分割出更多的短弧；2.弧隙电压锐减，大大地降低了弧隙电弧重燃的机会。

Description

双电源自动转换开关 技术领域
本发明涉及电力设备领域，具体涉及一种双电源自动转换开关。
 背景技术
在电力开关领域，当开关的动静触头彼此分开时，会在动静触头之间形成电弧，电弧是具有危害性的，因此，开关中会配置用于熄灭电弧的灭弧装置，灭弧装置是一个栅片灭弧罩，利用将电弧分为多个串联的短弧的方法来灭弧。电弧会加热周围的气体，使气体迅速受热膨胀，膨胀的气体进入灭弧装置，最后从灭弧罩的出气口排出。电弧是一束游离的气体，质量极轻，容易变形，在气体或者液体的流动作用下或者电磁力的作用下，电弧能迅速移动，伸长或者弯曲。由于受到电磁力或者其他外力(气流、液流)的作用，电弧被引入到金属栅片内，一束长电弧就被多个金属栅片分割成多个串联的短电弧。如果所有串联短电弧阴极区的起始介质强度总和永远大于触头间的外施电压，电弧就不再重燃而熄灭，也就是说，若单个弧隙电压小于介质恢复强度，则单个弧隙的电弧就不再重燃，若每个弧隙的电弧都不再重燃，则整个灭弧装置内的电弧被熄灭。因此，一束长电弧若能被分割出更多的短电弧，则单个弧隙的电压也就越小，越不利电弧重燃。由于受到开关整体尺寸的限制，灭弧栅片的数量不会很多，因此，能分割出来的短电弧数量也不会很多，分割出来的短电弧总数量为灭弧栅片数量减去1。
 技术问题
如何增加分割出来的短电弧数量来提高灭弧装置的灭弧效果，但不增加灭弧栅片数量，进而不增大开关的整体尺寸。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于解决上述问题，并提供一种双电源自动转换开关。
为此，本发明提供一种双电源自动转换开关，其包括自动操作机构、与自动操作机构联接的触头室；自动操作机构设置有采样单元、控制单元及电磁铁，触头室设置有动触头、静触头、接线端子、灭弧室及传动机构。动触头与传动机构联接，静触头与接线端子联接，接线端子部分露出触头室，采样单元与触头室的接线端子联接并采集电源的电压信息，接线端子包括两个电源接线端子和一个负载接线端子。控制单元与电磁铁联接并控制电磁铁的动作，电磁铁通过传动结构使动触头与静触头断开或者接通。动触头与静触头断开过程中产生的电弧通过设置于灭弧室内的灭弧装置熄灭，灭弧装置具有多个灭弧栅片和用于安装灭弧栅片的绝缘支撑件，相邻的灭弧栅片相互隔开形成用于接纳电弧的电弧通道，灭弧栅片具有用于安装的安装部和用于接纳电弧的接纳部，接纳部设置有用于分割电弧的分流部，分流部包括贯穿接纳部的通孔和凸出接纳部的斜舌，斜舌设置在通孔远离电弧入口端的一侧且朝电弧入口端延伸，斜舌与接纳部表面的夹角为锐角，斜舌的根部与接纳部连续，接纳部沿电弧的传播方向设置一个或者多个分流部。
可选地，第一灭弧栅片的斜舌与第二灭弧栅片的斜舌交错且相向设置。
可选地，第三灭弧栅片的斜舌与第四灭弧栅片的斜舌交错且相向设置。
 有益效果
由于本发明公开的双电源手动转开关相对于现有的双电源自动转换开关，其可带来如下有益效果。
1. 相同的空间内，一束长电弧被分割出更多的短电弧，短电弧数量剧增。
2. 电弧的总长度变长，增加电弧与周围介质的接触面积，加强冷却和扩散作用，有利于灭弧。
3. 电弧的总长度变长，电阻变大，不利于电弧的重燃，有利于灭弧。
4. 弧隙电压锐减，大大地降低了弧隙电弧重燃的机会。
 附图说明
在下面参照附图对作为非限制性实施例给出的实施方式的说明中，本发明及其优越性将得到更好的理解，附图如下。
图1是现有一种灭弧栅片的立体图；
图2是本发明公开的实施例一至实施例四中的第一灭弧栅片的立体图；
图3是本发明公开的实施例二和实施例四中的第二灭弧栅片的立体图；
图4是图2中沿A-A方向的局部剖视图；
图5是图1的剖切立体图；
图6是图2沿A-A方向的剖切立体图；
图7是图3的剖切立体图；
图8是现有一种灭弧装置的立体图；
图9是实施例二中的第二灭弧装置的立体图；
图10是图8中沿B-B方向的剖切立体图；
图11是图10的正视图；
图12是实施例一中的第一灭弧装置的剖切立体图；
图13是图12的正视图；
图14是实施例二中的第二灭弧装置的剖切立体图；
图15是图14的正视图；
图16是实施例三中的第三灭弧装置的剖切立体图；
图17是图16的正视图；
图18是实施例四中的第四灭弧装置的剖切立体图；
图19是图18的正视图；
图20是现有一种灭弧装置的立体图；
图21是现有一种灭弧栅片的立体图；
图22是本发明公开的实施例五和实施例六中的第三灭弧栅片的立体图；
图23是本发明公开的实施例六中的第四灭弧栅片的立体图；
图24是图21的剖切立体图；
图25是图22的剖切立体图；
图26是图23的剖切立体图；
图27是图20的局部剖切立体图；
图28是图27的正视图；
图29是实施例五中的第五灭弧装置的剖切立体图；
图30是图29的正视图；
图31是实施例六中的第六灭弧装置的剖切立体图；
图32是图31的正视图；
图33-40是实施例一中的第一灭弧装置对电弧的分段示意图；
图41-45是实施例一中的第一灭弧装置对电弧的分段后的数量统计示意图；
图45-51是实施例二中的第二灭弧装置对电弧的分段示意图；
图53-57是实施例二中的第二灭弧装置对电弧的分段后的数量统计示意图；
图58是本发明公开的一种双电源自动转换开关的立体图；
图59是图58中的从C方向看的开关的正视图，其中开关的端盖及灭弧装置已撤去；
图60是在图59中增加灭弧装置后的正视图；
图61是在图60中撤去灭弧装置的绝缘支撑件后的正视图；
图62是电源A接通，电源B断开的原理图；
图63是两路电源均断开的原理图；
图64是电源B接通，电源A断开的原理图；
附图标记说明
1.分流部；2.斜舌；3.通孔；4.第一灭弧栅片；5.第二灭弧栅片；6.第三灭弧栅片；7.第四灭弧栅片；8.自动操作机构；9.触头室；10.指针；11.电源A接线端子；12. 电源B接线端子；13.负载接线端子；14.传动机构；15.电源A动触头；16.负载静触头；17.电源B动触头；21.二次接线排。
 本发明的实施方式
图58所示的是本发明公开的一种双电源自动转换开关，其包括自动操作机构8、与自动操作机构8联接的触头室9，自动操作机构8设置有采样单元、控制单元、电磁铁、电源A触发按钮19、电源B触发按钮20及二次接线排21。
如图59所示，触头室9设置有动触头、静触头、接线端子、灭弧室及传动机构14，动触头与传动机构14联接，静触头与接线端子联接，接线端子部分露出触头室。触头室9内的动触头和静触头关于触头室9的中央面对称设置，动触头和静触头之间设置灭弧室，灭弧室中央的隔板将灭弧室分隔成电源A灭弧室和 B灭弧室。采样单元与触头室9的接线端子联接并采集电源的电压信息，控制单元与电磁铁联接并控制电磁铁的动作，接线端子包括两个电源接线端子11、12和一个负载接线端子13，电源A接线端子11与电源A联接，电源B接线端子12与电源B联接，负载接线端子13与负载联接，电磁铁动作所需的电力供应来源于触头室的电源A接线端子或者电源B接线端子，电磁铁动作所需的指令由电源A触发按钮19或者电源B触发按钮20或者控制单元提供。自动操作机构8设置两个电磁铁，分别为电源A电磁铁和电源B电磁铁，电源A电磁铁负责将负载从电源B切换到电源A，电源B电磁铁负责将负载从电源A切换到电源B。采样单元与两个电源接线端子11、12联接并采集两路电源的电压信号，采样单元将采集到的电源A的电压信号传递到控制单元，控制单元将采集来的电压信号计算并与预设值对比，根据对比结果选择是否对电磁铁发出动作指令。
如图60所示，电源A灭弧室内设置电源A灭弧装置，电源B灭弧室内设置电源B灭弧装置，灭弧装置用于熄灭动触头和静触头断开过程中产生的电弧。电弧进入灭弧装置后，电弧被灭设置于弧装置内的多个灭弧栅片分割成电弧片段，最终熄灭，如图61所示。
触发电源A触发按钮19或者电源B触发按钮20使电磁铁动作，电磁铁通过传动结构14使动触头与静触头断开或者接通，动触头与静触头断开过程中产生的电弧通过设置于灭弧室内的灭弧装置熄灭。
双电源自动转换开关设置有三中工作模式，分别为自动模式、电动模式以及手动模式。自动模式下，采样单元将采集到的电源A的电压信号传递到控制单元，控制单元将采集来的电压信号计算并与预设值对比，根据对比结果选择是否对电磁铁发出动作指令。
电动模式下，当电源A出现故障后，为了使负载继续运行，人为触发自动操作机构8上的电源B触发按钮，电源B触发按钮闭合使B电源电磁铁动作，通过传动机构14使触头室9内的电源A动触头15与负载静触头16先分开，见图63，再使触头室9内的电源B动触头17与负载静触头16闭合，见图64，进而将负载从故障的电源A切换到正常的电源B，实现负载的继续运行。当电源B出现故障后，为了使负载继续运行，人为触发自动操作机构8上的电源A触发按钮，电源A触发按钮闭合使A电源电磁铁动作，通过传动机构14使触头室9内的电源B动触头17与负载静触头16先分开，见图63，再使触头室9内的电源A动触头15与负载静触头16闭合，见图62，进而将负载从故障的电源B切换到正常的电源A，实现负载的继续运行。
手动模式下，使用操作手柄强制使传动机构动作，将负载强制切换到指定的电源。
双电源自动转换开关当前的触头状态及转换成功与否的信息通过自动操作机构8的二次端子排21输出到指定设备，负载当前所处的电源状态可通过自动操作机构8正面的位置指针10显示。
实施例一
图1所示的是现有一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的灭弧栅片的立体图，其具有用于安装的安装部和用于接纳电弧的接纳部，安装部为四个凸出的且用于嵌入绝缘支撑件的凸耳，如图所示的左侧位置设置有电弧入口端，电弧从电弧入口端进入后在接纳部移动。
图2所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第一灭弧栅片4的立体图，其具有用于安装的安装部和用于接纳电弧的接纳部，安装部为四个凸出的且用于嵌入绝缘支撑件的凸耳，如图所示的左侧位置设置有电弧入口端，电弧从电弧入口端进入后在接纳部移动，接纳部设置有用于分割电弧的分流部1，接纳部沿电弧的传播方向设置，分流部1的数量根据接纳部的长度选取，本实施例设置3个分流部1。
图4所示的是分流部1的局部剖视图，分流部1包括贯穿接纳部的通孔3和凸出接纳部的斜舌2，斜舌2设置在通孔3远离电弧入口端的一侧且朝电弧入口端延伸，斜舌2与接纳部表面的夹角为锐角，本实施例的夹角采用35度，斜舌2的根部与接纳部连续，采用圆弧过渡连接，设置在斜舌2上用于分割电弧的端部在接纳部的投影到电弧入口端的距离小于通孔3边缘到电弧入口端的距离，这样的设置使得电弧先接触到斜舌2，进而被分割，最后进入通孔3。
如图5-6所示，第一灭弧栅片4与现有灭弧栅片的区别在于接纳部，通过在现有灭弧栅片的接纳部加工分流部1即可获得第一灭弧栅片4，分流部1可通过但不限于冲裁折弯成型工艺形成。
图8，10，11所示的是一种现有灭弧装置，其具有8个灭弧栅片和2个用于安装灭弧栅片的绝缘支撑件，2个绝缘支撑件夹持着8个灭弧栅片，相邻的灭弧栅片相互隔开形成用于接纳电弧的电弧通道。灭弧栅片的安装部嵌入绝缘支撑件，并与绝缘支撑件紧固连接，各灭弧栅片之间相互绝缘且平行设置，相邻灭弧栅片之间的距离相同。一束长电弧从灭弧装置的入口端进入后，被8个灭弧栅片分割成7段小电弧，分割后的小电弧在各自的电弧通道内继续向前传播。
图12，13所示的是本发明公开的第一灭弧装置，其具有8个灭弧栅片和2个用于安装灭弧栅片的绝缘支撑件，2个绝缘支撑件夹持着8个灭弧栅片，其中6个为第一灭弧栅片4，另外2个为现有的灭弧栅片，2个现有的灭弧栅片之间设置6个第一灭弧栅片4，相邻的灭弧栅片相互隔开形成用于接纳电弧的电弧通道。灭弧栅片的安装部嵌入绝缘支撑件，并与绝缘支撑件紧固连接，各灭弧栅片之间相互绝缘且平行设置。当膨胀的气体进入电弧通道后，会被分流部1分流，一部分气体继续沿着当前的电弧通道移动，另一部分气体则在斜舌2的作用下被导入通孔3并进入到相邻的电弧通道。一束长电弧从灭弧装置的入口端进入后，被8个灭弧栅片分割成7段小电弧，分割后的小电弧在电弧通道内继续向前传播，当小电弧遇到分流部1时，由于电磁力或者气流的作用，小电弧被分流部1的斜舌2分割成两段，一段沿着斜舌2的上表面移动，继续在当前的电弧通道向前移动。另一段则沿着斜舌2的下表面穿过通孔3进入相邻的电弧通道向前移动。被分流后的电弧继续在电弧通道内移动，当电弧在移动过程中再次遇到分流部1时，电弧再次按照前述的分割规则被分割。
图33-40是第一灭弧装置对电弧的分段示意图，电弧通道从上到下依次命名为A，B，C，D，E，F，G。以黑色的短线表示电弧，其前后顺序不代表真实电弧的真实顺序，仅为方便统计短电弧的数量，先以一段电弧通过通道A 为例。
图33所示，电弧位于通道A入口端。
电弧在通道A内第一次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道A内，另一段在通道B内，图34所示。
电弧在通道A内第二次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道A内，另一段在通道B内，如图35所示。
电弧在通道A内第三次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道A内，另一段在通道B内，如图36所示，此时，通道A内有1段电弧，通道B内有3段电弧。
图36中的通道B内的第二段电弧被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道C内，如图37所示。
图37中的通道B内的第一段电弧被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道C内，如图38所示。
图38中的通道B内的第一段电弧被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道C内，如图39所示。
图39中的通道C内的第一段电弧被分割成两段，一段继续在通道C内，另一段在通道D内，如图40所示，此时，起初位于通道A入口端的电弧被分割完毕，分割段数统计为，通道A内有1段电弧，通道B内有3段电弧，通道C内有1段电弧，通道D内有1段电弧。为了便于分析，用字母与数字的组合表示分割情况，前面的字母代表灭弧装置入口端的电弧所在的电弧通道，后面的数字代表当前通道的短电弧数量。
因此，一段电弧通过通道A后的分段情况为：A1，A3，A3，A1。如图41所示，为了便于观察分析，用虚线框将这组数组围住，如图42所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道B后的分段情况为：B1，B3，B3，B1，如图42所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道C后的分段情况为：C1，C3，C3，C1，如图43所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道D后的分段情况为：D1，D3，D3，D1，如图43所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道E后的分段情况为：E1，E3，E3，E1，如图43所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道F后的分段情况为：F1，F3，F3，F1，如图43所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道G后的分段情况为：G1，G3，G3，G1，如图43所示。
由于，通道G下面没有其他通道，所以将位于通道外的字母数字组合去除，保留位于通道内的字母数字组合，如图44所示。
最后，将每个通道内的数字相加，即可得到每个通道内的短电弧总数量，如图45所示，再将每个通道的短电弧总数量汇总，即可得到整个灭弧装置最终的短电弧数量。
通过上述分析统计可知，一束长电弧通过第一灭弧装置后将被分割成44段短电弧。而现有的灭弧装置，只能将一束长电弧分割成7段短电弧，第一灭弧装置分割出的短电弧数量是现有灭弧装置分割出的短电弧数量的6倍多，分割出的短电弧的数量剧增可带来如下有益效果。1.短电弧的数量越多，电弧的总长度越长，电阻越大，越不利于电弧的重燃，越有利于灭弧。2.短电弧数量越多，电弧的总长度越长，增加电弧与周围介质的接触面积，加强冷却和扩散作用，有利于灭弧。3.短电弧数量越多，弧隙电压越小，大大地降低了弧隙电弧重燃的机会。第一灭弧装置的灭弧性能是现有灭弧装置的灭弧性能的6倍多。
如果所有串联短电弧阴极区的起始介质强度总和永远大于触头间的外施电压，电弧就不再重燃而熄灭，也就是说，若单个弧隙电压小于介质恢复强度，则单个弧隙的电弧就不再重燃，若每个弧隙的电弧都不再重燃，则整个灭弧装置内的电弧被熄灭。因此，一束长电弧若能被分割出更多的短电弧，则单个弧隙的电压也就越小，越不利电弧重燃。
第一灭弧装置是将现有灭弧装置中位于首尾两片灭弧栅片之间的灭弧栅片替换成第一灭弧栅片4，总的灭弧栅片和电弧通道数量保持不变，灭弧栅片数量是8个，电弧通道数量是7个，整个灭弧装置的外形尺寸保持不变。一束长电弧通过第一灭弧装置后被分割成44段短电弧，而现有的灭弧装置只能分割成7段短电弧。
由于磁场分布不均匀或者说电弧受到非匀强磁场的作用，因此，灭弧装置的入口端的各段短电弧所受到的电磁力不同，各段短电弧的移动速度也不同，有利于避免电弧通道内的电弧被分流部1分割后的短电弧与相邻电弧通道内被分流部1分割后的短电弧融合。
实施例二
图3和图7所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第二灭弧栅片5的立体图和局部剖切立体图，第二灭弧栅片5是将实施例一中的第一灭弧栅片4上的3个分流部1往电弧传播方向移动一定距离得到的，移动的距离约为半个相邻分流部1之间的距离，目的是为了使第一灭弧栅片4与第二灭弧栅片5相对设置时，第一灭弧栅片4上的分流部1与第二灭弧栅片5上的分流部1相互交错。
图9所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第二灭弧装置的立体图，第二灭弧装置是将实施例一中的第一灭弧装置中的3个第一灭弧栅片4替换成第二灭弧栅片5，使第一灭弧栅片4和第二灭弧栅片5交替设置。
图14，15所示的第二灭弧装置，第一灭弧栅片4的斜舌2与第二灭弧栅片5的斜舌2交错且相向设置。
图46-57是第二灭弧装置对电弧的分段示意图，电弧通道从上到下依次命名为A，B，C，D，E，F，G。以黑色的短线表示电弧，其前后顺序不代表真实电弧的真实顺序，仅为方便统计短电弧的数量，先以一段电弧通过通道A 及一段电弧通过通道B为例。
图46所示，电弧位于通道A入口端，电弧位于通道B入口端。
通道A内的电弧没有被分割直接通过，通道B内电弧第一次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道C内，图47所示。
通道C内的电弧没有被分割直接通过，通道B内的电弧被地二次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道A内，如图48所示。
通道A内的电弧没有被分割直接通过，通道B内的电弧被地三次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道C内，如图49所示。
通道C内的电弧没有被分割直接通过，通道B内的电弧被地四次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道A内，如图50所示。
通道A内的电弧没有被分割直接通过，通道B内的电弧被地五次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道C内，如图51所示。
通道C内的电弧没有被分割直接通过，通道B内的电弧被地六次被分割成两段，一段继续在通道B内，另一段在通道A内，如图52所示，此时，起初位于通道B入口端的电弧被分割完毕，分割段数统计为，通道A内有3段电弧，通道B内有1段电弧，通道C内有3段电弧。而起初位于通道A入口端的电弧由于没有被分割而直接通过通道A，所以最后通道A内有1段通道A未经分割的电弧和3段由通道B分割后的电弧。为了便于分析，用字母与数字的组合表示分割情况，前面的字母代表灭弧装置入口端的电弧所在的电弧通道，后面的数字代表当前通道的短电弧数量。
因此，一段电弧通过通道A及一段电弧通过通道B后的分段情况为：A1，B3，B1，B3，如图53所示。为了便于观察分析，用虚线框将这组数组围住，如图54所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道C及一段电弧通过通道D后的分段情况为：C1，D3，D1，D3，如图54所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道E及一段电弧通过通道F后的分段情况为：E1，F3，F1，F3，如图55所示。
同样地，一段电弧通过通道G及一段电弧通过通道H后的分段情况为：G1，H3，H1，H3，如图55所示。
由于，通道G下面没有其他通道，所以将位于通道外的字母数字组合去除，保留位于通道内的字母数字组合，如图56所示。
最后，将每个通道内的数字相加，即可得到每个通道内的短电弧总数量，如图57所示，再将每个通道的短电弧总数量汇总，即可得到整个灭弧装置最终的短电弧数量。
通过上述分析统计可知，一束长电弧通过第二灭弧装置后将被分割成25段短电弧。而现有的灭弧装置，只能将一束长电弧分割成7段短电弧，第二灭弧装置分割出的短电弧数量是现有灭弧装置分割出的短电弧数量的3倍多，分割出的短电弧的数量剧增可带来如下有益效果。1.短电弧的数量越多，电弧的总长度越长，电阻越大，越不利于电弧的重燃，越有利于灭弧。2.短电弧数量越多，电弧的总长度越长，增加电弧与周围介质的接触面积，加强冷却和扩散作用，有利于灭弧。3.短电弧数量越多，弧隙电压越小，大大地降低了弧隙电弧重燃的机会。第二灭弧装置的灭弧性能是现有灭弧装置的灭弧性能的3倍多。
实施例三
图16，17所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第三灭弧装置，第三灭弧装置是将实施例一中的第一灭弧装置中的第一灭弧栅片4的数量由6个减少为4个，同时使相邻灭弧栅片之间的距离不同。由于相邻灭弧栅片之间的距离不同，所以电弧进入第三灭弧装置的电弧入口端后就会被分割成5段不同长度的短电弧。由于各段短电弧的长度不同，所以每段电弧受到的电磁力也不同，造成每段短电弧的移动速度也不同，有利于避免电弧通道内的电弧被分流部1分割后的短电弧与相邻电弧通道内被分流部1分割后的短电弧融合。
实施例四
图18，19所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第四灭弧装置，第四灭弧装置是将实施例三中的第三灭弧装置中的2个第一灭弧栅片4替换成第二灭弧栅片5，使第一灭弧栅片4和第二灭弧栅片5交替设置，第一灭弧栅片4的斜舌2与第二灭弧栅片5的斜舌2交错且相向设置。
实施例五
图20所示的是另一种现有的灭弧装置，其用于大电流开关，多片动触头共同完成一相电流的开断或者闭合。其灭弧栅片如图21所示，其具有用于安装的安装部和用于接纳电弧的接纳部，两端的安装部各自嵌入对应的绝缘支撑件上设置的凹槽内，如图21所示的左侧位置设置有电弧入口端，电弧从电弧入口端进入后在接纳部移动。
图22所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第一灭弧栅片4的立体图，其具有用于安装的安装部和用于接纳电弧的接纳部，两端的安装部各自嵌入对应的绝缘支撑件上设置的凹槽内，如图22所示的左侧位置设置有电弧入口端，电弧从电弧入口端进入后在接纳部移动，接纳部设置有用于分割电弧的分流部1，接纳部沿电弧的传播方向设置，分流部1的数量根据接纳部的长度选取，本实施例设置3个分流部1。
如图24-25所示，第一灭弧栅片4与现有灭弧栅片的区别在于接纳部，通过在现有灭弧栅片的接纳部加工分流部1即可获得第一灭弧栅片4，分流部1可通过但不限于冲裁折弯成型工艺形成。
图27，28所示的是图20所示另一种现有的灭弧装置，其具有8个灭弧栅片和2个用于安装灭弧栅片的绝缘支撑件，其中一个绝缘支撑件已撤去，2个绝缘支撑件夹持着8个灭弧栅片，相邻的灭弧栅片相互隔开形成用于接纳电弧的电弧通道。两端的安装部各自嵌入对应的绝缘支撑件上设置的凹槽内，通过螺钉紧固2个绝缘支撑件使灭弧栅片固定在对应的凹槽内。各灭弧栅片之间相互绝缘，相邻灭弧栅片之间的夹角相同。一束长电弧从灭弧装置的入口端进入后，被8个灭弧栅片分割成7段小电弧，分割后的小电弧在各自的电弧通道内继续向前传播。
图29，30所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第五灭弧装置，其具有8个灭弧栅片和2个用于安装灭弧栅片的绝缘支撑件，其中一个绝缘支撑件已撤去，2个绝缘支撑件夹持着8个灭弧栅片，其中6个为第三灭弧栅片6，另外2个为现有的灭弧栅片，2个现有的灭弧栅片之间设置6个第三灭弧栅片6，相邻的灭弧栅片相互隔开形成用于接纳电弧的电弧通道。两端的安装部各自嵌入对应的绝缘支撑件上设置的凹槽内，通过螺钉紧固2个绝缘支撑件使灭弧栅片固定在对应的凹槽内。当膨胀的气体进入电弧通道后，会被分流部1分流，一部分气体继续沿着当前的电弧通道移动，另一部分气体则在斜舌2的作用下被导入通孔3并进入到相邻的电弧通道。一束长电弧从灭弧装置的入口端进入后，被8个灭弧栅片分割成7段小电弧，分割后的小电弧在电弧通道内继续向前传播，当小电弧遇到分流部1时，由于电磁力或者气流的作用，小电弧被分流部1的斜舌2分割成两段，一段沿着斜舌2的上表面移动，继续在当前的电弧通道向前移动。另一段则沿着斜舌2的下表面穿过通孔3进入相邻的电弧通道向前移动。被分流后的电弧继续在电弧通道内移动，当电弧在移动过程中再次遇到分流部1时，电弧再次按照前述的分割规则被分割。
实施例六
图23和图26所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第四灭弧栅片7的立体图和局部剖切立体图，第四灭弧栅片7是将实施例五中的第三灭弧栅片6上的6个分流部1往电弧传播方向移动一定距离得到的，移动的距离为半个相邻分流部1之间的距离，目的是为了使第三灭弧栅片6与第四灭弧栅片7相对设置时，第三灭弧栅片6上的分流部1与第四灭弧栅片7上的分流部1相互交错。
图31，32所示的是本发明公开的一种用于双电源自动转换开关上的第六灭弧装置，第六灭弧装置是将实施例五中的第五灭弧装置中的3个第三灭弧栅片6替换成第四灭弧栅片7，使第三灭弧栅片6和第四灭弧栅片7交替设置，第三灭弧栅片6的斜舌2与第四灭弧栅片7的斜舌2交错且相向设置。
本发明公开的灭弧栅片、灭弧装置也可用于处在液体中的动静触头分开时产生的电弧。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种双电源自动转换开关，其包括自动操作机构(8)、与自动操作机构(8)联接的触头室(9)，自动操作机构(8)设置有采样单元、控制单元及电磁铁，触头室(9)设置有动触头、静触头、接线端子、灭弧室及传动机构(14)，动触头与传动机构(14)联接，静触头与接线端子联接，接线端子部分露出触头室，采样单元与触头室(9)的接线端子联接并采集电源的电压信息，接线端子包括两个电源接线端子(11、12)和一个负载接线端子(13)，控制单元与电磁铁联接并控制电磁铁的动作，电磁铁通过传动结构(14)使动触头与静触头断开或者接通，动触头与静触头断开过程中产生的电弧通过设置于灭弧室内的灭弧装置熄灭，灭弧装置具有多个灭弧栅片和用于安装灭弧栅片的绝缘支撑件，相邻的灭弧栅片相互隔开形成用于接纳电弧的电弧通道，灭弧栅片具有用于安装的安装部和用于接纳电弧的接纳部，其特征在于，接纳部设置有用于分割电弧的分流部(1)，分流部(1)包括贯穿接纳部的通孔(3)和凸出接纳部的斜舌(2)，斜舌(2)设置在通孔(3)远离电弧入口端的一侧且朝电弧入口端延伸，斜舌(2)与接纳部表面的夹角为锐角，斜舌(2)的根部与接纳部连续，接纳部沿电弧的传播方向设置一个或者多个分流部(1)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双电源自动转换开关，其特征在于，第一灭弧栅片(4)的斜舌(2)与第二灭弧栅片(5)的斜舌(2)交错且相向设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双电源自动转换开关，其特征在于，第三灭弧栅片(6)的斜舌(2)与第四灭弧栅片(7)的斜舌(2)交错且相向设置。
PCT/CN2018/100912 2017-06-17 2018-08-16 双电源自动转换开关 WO2018228611A1 (zh)

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