WO2018228075A1

WO2018228075A1 - Method and system for short-process copper smelting

Info

Publication number: WO2018228075A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/085311
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李东波; 陆志方; 李兵; 梁帅表; 尉克俭; 刘诚; 黎敏; 茹洪顺; 蒋继穆; 曹珂菲; 张海鑫; 颜杰; 李锋; 陆金忠; 周钢; 刘恺
Original assignee: 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司
Priority date: 2017-06-14
Filing date: 2018-05-02
Publication date: 2018-12-20
Also published as: ZA202000143B; CL2019003631A1; PE20200197A1; RU2741038C1; WO2018228074A1; CL2019003629A1; RU2733803C1; PE20200188A1; WO2018228073A1; ZA202000147B

Abstract

A method and system for short-process copper smelting. Copper smelting equipment employed in the method comprise a smelting furnace (10), a copper forging furnace (20), a CR furnace (30), a first flow groove, and a second flow groove. The smelting furnace (10) is provided with a copper sulfide outlet and a smelting slag outlet. The copper forging furnace (20) is provided with a copper sulfide inlet, the copper sulfide inlet being in communication with the copper sulfide outlet via the first flow groove. The CR furnace (30) is provided with a smelting slag inlet, the smelting slag inlet being in communication with the smelting slag outlet via the second flow groove. A copper concentrate is smelted in the smelting furnace (10) to produce a first copper sulfide and a smelting slag; the first copper sulfide undergoes a copper forging reaction in the copper forging furnace (20) to generate an anode copper and a copper forging slag; the smelting slag undergoes reduction, fuming, and settlement in the CR furnace (30) to comprehensively reclaim valuable metals in the smelting slag and to produce a harmless slag.

Description

Short process copper smelting method and system

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of copper smelting, and in particular to a short process copper smelting method and system.

Background technique

The traditional fire method copper smelting process includes three steps of smelting, blowing and refining, wherein the smelting furnace smelts copper concentrate into 40-60% copper-copper (also called copper bismuth) containing copper; Copper is blown into blister copper; the refining furnace (anode furnace) refines the blister copper into anode copper, and then sends it to electrolysis to produce a cathode copper plate.

On the other hand, the current smelting slag is treated by slow slag, crushing, grinding, thickening and flotation slag beneficiation process, and the slag concentrate produced is returned to the smelting system, and the slag tailings are discarded or sold as building materials. The process is tedious and covers a large area. What is more important is that valuable metals such as zinc, lead and antimony in the slag enter the slag tailings and are not recycled, resulting in huge waste of valuable resources; The added ore dressing agents, as well as the various heavy metals present in the slag, can also cause potential environmental pollution hazards.

Summary of the invention

The main purpose of the present application is to provide a short process copper smelting method and system to solve the problem of waste of valuable metal loss and environmental pollution in the copper smelting method of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present application, a short-flow copper smelting method is provided, which comprises a smelting furnace, a copper-making furnace, a CR furnace, a first flow tank and a second flow tank; A copper crucible outlet and a smelting slag outlet are provided; the coppermaking furnace is provided with a copper crucible inlet, the copper crucible inlet is connected to the copper crucible outlet through the first laundering; the CR furnace is provided with a molten slag inlet, and the molten slag inlet is passed through the second lamellar and smelting The slag outlet is connected; the short-flow copper smelting method comprises the steps of: smelting the copper concentrate in a smelting furnace to obtain a first copper slag and a smelting slag; and performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper bismuth in the copper-making furnace to form an anode Copper and copper slag; and reduction smelting and sedimentation of smelting slag in a CR furnace to comprehensively recover valuable metals in the smelting slag and to make harmless slag; valuable metals include one of lead, zinc and antimony Or a variety; the short-flow copper smelting method simultaneously completes the production of anode copper, the comprehensive recovery of valuable metals in the smelting slag, and the direct output of the harmless slag by the CR furnace.

Further, the step of melting the copper concentrate in the melting furnace comprises: mixing the copper concentrate with the first flux to obtain a mixture; feeding the mixture into a melting furnace, and performing melting under the action of the first oxidant, a first copper crucible and a smelting slag; preferably, a bottom blowing smelting method or a side blowing smelting method is employed in the smelting process; preferably, the first flux is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone; and the first oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, compressed air, and rich One or more of oxygen air.

Further, in the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace, the first oxidizing agent is injected in an amount of 120 Nm ³ or more and O ₂ per ton of copper concentrate so that the copper content of the first copper cerium is 70% by weight or more. Preferably, the first oxidizing agent is injected in an amount of from 120 to 200 Nm ³ of O ₂ per ton of copper concentrate such that the copper content of the first copper cerium is from 70 to 78% by weight.

Further, in the step of melting the copper concentrate in the melting furnace, the cooled copper-making slag is put into a melting furnace and smelted together with the copper concentrate.

Further, in the step of performing the copper-making reaction, the first copper crucible is oxidized by injecting oxygen-enriched air into the copper-making furnace to perform a copper-making reaction, and the volume percentage of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30 to 80%. .

Further, the step of performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper crucible in the copper-making furnace further comprises: simultaneously adding cold material to the copper-making furnace, and/or spraying water mist into the copper-making furnace, and/or forming copper A cooling element is disposed outside the furnace body of the furnace; wherein the cold material includes one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.

Further, in the step of the copper-making reaction, after the step of performing the oxidation treatment, the metal copper and the copper-making slag are obtained; when the oxygen in the metal copper in the copper-making furnace is less than 0.2% by weight, the copper slag is discharged. In the copper furnace, the anode copper is obtained; when the oxygen in the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace is higher than 0.2 wt%, the copper slag is discharged out of the coppermaking furnace, and the reducing agent is introduced into the coppermaking furnace to the metal copper. The copper oxide impurities are subjected to a reduction reaction to obtain an anode copper.

Further, in the step of oxidizing the first copper crucible in the copper making furnace, the second flux is added from the top of the copper making furnace; meanwhile, the oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the copper making furnace by bottom blowing. Oxidation treatment, or optionally injection of a first reducing agent for reduction; preferably, the second flux is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone; preferably, the first reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and solid carbon-based reduction One or more of the agents, preferably the solid carbon-based reducing agent is pulverized coal and/or lump coal.

Further, the CR furnace comprises a cavity, the cavity comprises a reducing reduction chamber and a sedimentation chamber; and the step of recovering the valuable metal in the smelting slag comprises: reducing and smelting the smelting slag in the reducing smoulding chamber, Obtaining valuable metal soot and reducing slag; and, the reducing slag is settled in the sedimentation chamber to obtain the second copper ruthenium and the harmless slag; or the smelting slag is subjected to sedimentation treatment in the sedimentation chamber to obtain the second copper ruthenium and The sedimentation slag is; and the sedimentation slag is subjected to reduction and smoulding treatment in the reduction smoulding chamber to obtain valuable metal soot and harmless slag.

Further, a partition wall is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into a reduction smoulding cavity and a sedimentation cavity, and the smog reduction and reduction smog cavity and the sedimentation cavity are respectively located on two sides of the partition wall in a horizontal direction, and the reduction is smoked. The communication passage between the chamber and the settling chamber is disposed near the bottom of the chamber.

Further, the step of reducing the fuming treatment comprises: adding a second reducing agent to the reducing flue gas chamber for reductive fuming treatment; preferably, the second reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of natural gas, coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas, iron powder and solid carbon base One or more of the reducing agents, more preferably the solid carbon-based reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of lump coal and/or pulverized coal.

Further, in the step of reducing the smoging process in the reducing smoulding chamber, the second reducing agent is blasted into the reducing smoulding chamber by using a side blowing lance; preferably, the reducing smoulding chamber is further provided with The venting port, the step of reducing the smoulding treatment further comprises: introducing a secondary air at the upper portion of the reducing smoulding chamber or at the venting port.

Further, in the step of reducing the fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1200 to 1400 °C.

Further, when the reducing flue gasification treatment step is located before the sedimentation treatment step, a collector is added to the reduction flue gas chamber while the reduction flue gas treatment is performed; preferably, the trap agent is selected from the first vulcanizing agent and/or copper concentrate More preferably, the first vulcanizing agent is selected from the group consisting of pyrite and/or pyrite; and when the reducing flue-processing step is located after the sedimentation treatment step, a second vulcanizing agent and/or a vulcanizing agent are added to the settling chamber while the sedimentation treatment is being performed. Or copper concentrate, preferably the second vulcanizing agent is selected from one or more of pyrite, pyrite and lead slag scum; preferably, the settling chamber is insulated while the settling treatment is performed.

Further, the step of the sedimentation treatment further comprises: injecting an inert gas and/or a sulfur dioxide gas into the settling chamber.

Further, after the step of obtaining the second copper crucible, the copper smelting method further comprises the step of returning the second copper crucible to the melting furnace for melting.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a short-flow copper smelting system comprising: a smelting furnace for smelting a copper concentrate to produce a first copper crucible and a smelting slag; the smelting furnace is provided with a first Copper bismuth outlet and smelting slag outlet; copper-making furnace, copper-making furnace is provided with copper enamel inlet and copper slag outlet, copper enamel inlet and first copper raft outlet are connected through the first flow tank, and copper-making furnace is used for the first copper锍 a copper-making reaction to produce anode copper and copper slag; and a CR furnace, the CR furnace is provided with a smelting slag inlet, the smelting slag inlet and the smelting slag outlet are connected through a second flow tank, and the CR furnace is used for reducing smelting slag And settling to recover valuable metals in the smelting slag and to make harmless slag.

Further, the melting furnace is a bottom blowing melting furnace or a side blowing melting furnace.

Further, the melting furnace is provided with a copper slag inlet for passing the cooled copper slag into the melting furnace.

Further, the copper making furnace is further provided with: a first spray gun disposed at a side or a bottom of the copper making furnace for injecting an oxidant and an optional reducing agent into the copper making furnace; and a flux inlet for accessing Flux.

Further, the furnace body of the copper making furnace is a horizontal cylindrical furnace body.

Further, the copper making furnace is further provided with a cold material inlet for adding one or more of electrolytic copper residual, waste copper and solid copper to the copper making furnace.

Further, the copper making system further includes a cooling device for cooling the copper making furnace.

Further, the cooling device is a negative pressure water jacket device or a water spray mist cooling device.

Further, the copper making furnace is further provided with an anode copper outlet; the short-flow copper smelting system further comprises a casting device, and the casting device is connected with the anode copper outlet for casting the anode copper.

Further, the casting apparatus is a double disc casting machine.

Further, the CR furnaces are arranged in parallel or in series, and the copper-making furnaces are provided in parallel.

Further, the CR furnace comprises a cavity, the cavity comprises a reducing smog chamber and a sedimentation chamber, and the reducing smoulding chamber is connected with the smelting slag outlet for reducing and smelting the smelting slag, and setting the reducing smoulding chamber There is a flue gas outlet; the sedimentation chamber is used for sedimentation treatment of the reducing slag generated after the reductive fuming treatment, and the sedimentation chamber is provided with a second copper crucible outlet and a harmless slag discharge outlet; or, the CR furnace includes a cavity, a cavity The invention comprises a reducing reduction chamber and a sedimentation chamber connected to each other, the sedimentation chamber is connected with the smelting slag outlet for settlement treatment of the smelting slag, and the sedimentation chamber is provided with a second copper sputum outlet; the reduction smoulding chamber is used for the settlement treatment The generated sediment slag is subjected to reduction and fuming treatment, and the flue gas outlet is provided with a flue gas outlet and a harmless slag discharge port.

Further, a partition wall is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into a reducing tobacco chamber and a sedimentation chamber, and the reducing tobacco chamber and the sedimentation chamber are respectively located on two sides of the partition wall in a horizontal direction, and the reducing tobacco chamber and the reducing chamber The communication passage of the settling chamber is disposed near the bottom of the chamber.

Further, the reduction smoulding chamber is further provided with: a second spray gun disposed at a side of the reduction smoky chamber for adding a reducing agent to the reduction smoulding chamber; and a feeding port disposed at the top of the reduction smoulding chamber, A collector is added to the reducing fuming chamber.

Further, the settling chamber is further provided with a heating device for holding or warming the sedimentation chamber.

Further, the heating device is an immersion combustion nozzle or an electrode.

Further, the second copper crucible outlet is used to discharge the second copper sulfur, and the second copper crucible inlet is further disposed on the melting furnace for passing the cooled second copper sulfur into the melting furnace.

Applying the technical solution of the present application, a short process copper smelting method is provided. The copper-smelting device used in the method comprises a melting furnace, a copper-making furnace, a CR furnace, a first flow tank and a second flow tank; the melting furnace is provided with a copper crucible outlet and a smelting slag outlet; the copper-making furnace is provided with a copper crucible inlet, copper The inlet of the crucible is communicated with the outlet of the copper crucible through the first flow channel; the inlet of the molten slag is provided with the CR furnace, and the inlet of the molten slag is connected to the outlet of the molten slag through the second flow channel; the short process copper smelting method comprises the following steps: copper concentrate Melting in a smelting furnace to obtain a first copper crucible and smelting slag; performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper crucible in a copper-making furnace to form an anode copper and a copper-making slag; and reducing the smelting slag in the CR furnace And sedimentation to comprehensively recover valuable metals in the smelting slag and to make harmless slag; the valuable metals include one or more of lead, zinc and antimony.

In the above method, after the smelting slag is obtained, valuable metals such as metal zinc, lead, antimony, etc., in the smelting slag can be recovered by reducing smelting and sedimentation of the smelting slag. This effectively solves the problem of waste of valuable metals in the existing copper smelting process, and avoids the pollution of these metals to the environment; on the other hand, the reduction smelting and sedimentation of the smelting slag replaces the original slag. The beneficiation process not only greatly reduces the factory floor space, but also makes the process more simple. It also fundamentally eliminates the pollution caused by the beneficiation agent added in the slag beneficiation process. At the same time, it should be noted that the copper smelting method of the present invention adopts a copper-plating device with a pick-up type, and the copper bismuth end of the smelting furnace is directly connected to the copper-making furnace through the launder, and the smelting furnace is discharged. The slag end is directly connected to the CR furnace through the launder, which realizes short-process copper smelting. At the same time, it completes the production of anode copper, the comprehensive recovery of valuable metals in the smelting slag and the direct production of harmless slag by the CR furnace, which has a good industrialization. Scale application prospects.

DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in the claims of the claims In the drawing:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a copper smelting system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

2 is a schematic structural view of a short-flow copper smelting system according to an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a short-flow copper smelting system according to an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a block diagram showing the structure of a short-flow copper smelting system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

Wherein, the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10, melting furnace; 20, copper furnace; 30, CR furnace; 31, reducing the fuming chamber; 32, sedimentation chamber; 33, partition wall; 40, casting equipment.

detailed description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide a further description of the application. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise indicated.

It is to be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular " " " " " " There are features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

As described in the background art, the prior art copper smelting method has a long process, especially for the treatment of smelting slag, which requires a large area of slag slow cooling field and complicated slag beneficiation, which increases construction cost and technical complexity, and has valuable metals. Loss of waste and environmental pollution. In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a short-process copper smelting method, which comprises a smelting furnace, a copper-making furnace, a CR furnace, a first flow tank and a second flow tank; the smelting furnace is provided with a copper sputum outlet And the smelting slag outlet; the copper making furnace is provided with a copper crucible inlet, the copper crucible inlet is connected to the copper crucible outlet through the first laundering tank; the CR furnace is provided with a molten slag inlet, and the molten slag inlet is connected to the melting slag outlet through the second laundering; The process copper smelting method comprises the steps of: smelting a copper concentrate in a smelting furnace to obtain a first copper slag and a smelting slag; and performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper bismuth in a copper-making furnace to generate an anode copper and a copper slag And reducing smelting and sedimentation of the smelting slag in the CR furnace to comprehensively recover valuable metals in the smelting slag and to make harmless slag; the valuable metals include one or more of lead, zinc and bismuth; The process copper smelting method simultaneously completes the production of anode copper, the comprehensive recovery of valuable metals in the smelting slag, and the direct production of harmless slag by the CR furnace. Compared with the prior art, the above method greatly shortens the total process, is conducive to reducing construction costs, reducing technical complexity, and achieving comprehensive resource recovery and eliminating environmental hazards.

As used herein, "harmless slag" means: slag that does not cause heavy metal contamination.

The CR furnace is called a fully recycled furnace.

In a preferred embodiment, the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace comprises: mixing the copper concentrate with the first flux to obtain a mixture; and feeding the mixture into the smelting furnace at the first oxidizing agent Melting is carried out under the action to obtain a first copper crucible and a smelting slag. Preferably, the bottom blowing smelting method or the side blowing smelting method is employed in the smelting process. The use of the bottom blowing smelting method or the side blowing smelting method can further improve the copper enamel grade. More preferably, the first flux is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone; the first oxidant is selected from one or more of oxygen, compressed air, and oxygen-enriched air.

As used herein, "oxygen-enriched air" refers to a gas having a concentration of oxygen greater than the concentration of oxygen in the air, such as may be obtained by incorporating oxygen into the air.

In a preferred embodiment, in the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace, the first oxidizing agent is injected in an amount corresponding to 120 Nm ³ or more of O ₂ per ton of copper concentrate to make the copper of the first copper bismuth. The content is 70% by weight or more. The injection amount of the first oxidant is controlled to be 120 Nm ³ or more and O ₂ per ton of copper concentrate, so that the copper content of the first copper ruthenium is 70% by weight or more, thereby avoiding the copper content of the first copper ruthenium being too low. The problem of the large amount of copper slag caused is to prevent the problem of low copper yield due to it. More preferably, the first oxidizing agent is injected in an amount of 120 to 200 Nm ³ O ₂ per ton of copper concentrate so that the copper content of the first copper cerium is 70 to 78% by weight, which can further avoid the copper content of the first copper ruthenium. The high smelting slag copper contains an excessively high problem, preventing the problem of low copper yield. In addition, when the copper bismuth contains copper at 70 to 78%, elements such as lead, zinc and bismuth enter the smelting slag in the form of oxides, which facilitates subsequent recovery of these elements from the CR furnace. If the copper bismuth contains low copper, such as 40-50%, some of these elements will remain in the copper bismuth, which is not conducive to subsequent recovery from the CR furnace.

In a preferred embodiment, in the step of melting the copper concentrate in the melting furnace, the cooled copper-making slag is put into a melting furnace and smelted together with the copper concentrate. By adding the cooled copper slag, the problem of overheating during the smelting process can be alleviated, and the smelting process can be more easily carried out at a higher oxygen-rich concentration, and thus the amount of flue gas generated can be reduced.

In addition to this, it is preferred that the melting temperature in the smelting process is 1150 to 1300 ° C, and the first flux is added in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the copper ore.

The above copper-making reaction is used to directly produce anode copper. In a preferred embodiment, the step of performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper crucible in the copper-making furnace further comprises: simultaneously adding cold material to the copper-making furnace, and/or spraying water mist into the copper-making furnace, And/or providing a cooling element outside the furnace body of the coppermaking furnace; wherein the cold material comprises one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper and solid copper.

In order to shorten the process, CN103382528 proposes a two-step copper smelting process, which first melts copper concentrate into 65-78% copper-copper in a smelting furnace, and then directly produces an anode by oxidation-reduction reaction in a converting furnace. copper. This method mainly has the problem of heat balance and the flue gas problem brought about by it: the redox reaction in the blowing furnace emits a large amount of heat, which must be carried away in some way to maintain the heat balance; the process regulates oxygen, air, The amount of nitrogen, the heat of reaction is carried away by the gas, so the total amount of gas injected must be more, and the relative oxygen concentration is necessarily lower, which makes the amount of flue gas large, and the sulfur dioxide content in the flue gas is very low. Therefore, the subsequent flue gas treatment system and the acid production system are large in scale, large in investment, and high in operating cost. At the same time, the amount of gas injected is large, which will lead to more intense agitation of the whole melt, and the kinetic energy of the melt scouring lining is large, and the furnace life is short. In addition, the patent does not indicate how to achieve a copper-copper grade of 65 to 78% in the melting furnace.

Different from the heat balance method in the above patent, the present invention adopts the method of adding cold material to the copper making furnace, and/or spraying water mist into the copper making furnace, and/or cooling outside the furnace body of the copper making furnace. The thermal balance of the components. The advantages of each method are as follows:

For the method of adding the cold material: since the reaction occurring in the copper making furnace is an exothermic reaction, the addition of the cold material is beneficial to achieve the heat balance, and at the same time, the heat released by the reaction is used to melt the cold material, and the heat is fully utilized. The added cold material may be one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper. At present, copper smelting plants use separate metallurgical furnaces to melt and refine secondary copper materials such as waste copper and electrolytic residual copper. This requires not only additional fuel to heat the cold material, but more importantly, the purchase of separate equipment. The construction of separate workshops and the configuration of individual workers has greatly increased the operating costs of the plant. By adopting the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, not only the equipment, the factory building and the personnel are added, but also the waste copper, the electrolytic residual copper and the like are processed, and the energy and resources required for the molten material are saved, and the economic benefit is remarkable. . In short, the use of the rich heat of the copper-making furnace to melt the copper, reducing the processing cost of the copper.

For the way of setting the cooling element of the furnace body: it is preferable to use a water jacket, which is also for heat dissipation to achieve heat balance of the furnace body.

For the way of spraying water mist: Since water absorbs a large amount of heat during gasification, it can take more heat in the case of a smaller final gas volume, so that the copper-making reaction can be carried out under high oxygen-rich blowing conditions, and high oxygen enrichment The concentration blowing just solves the above problems caused by the low oxygen enrichment concentration blowing in the patents such as CN103382528. In addition, the injection of water mist has the following advantages: 1) Control the furnace temperature more effectively. Since the gasification of water can absorb a large amount of heat, a small change in the amount of water injected can cause a large change in heat, so that the furnace temperature can be controlled more accurately and effectively; 2) the life of the spray gun is extended. Due to the high efficiency of high oxygen enrichment, the gas injected into the spray gun is less than the low oxygen enrichment concentration, the working strength of the spray gun is low, and the cooling effect of the water can also extend the life of the spray gun itself; 3) 40% rich For example, the oxygen concentration can be nearly 1 times higher than the low oxygen rich concentration (21% to 25%). In the case of the same amount of flue gas, the high oxygen enrichment concentration (for example, 40%) can handle nearly twice as much material; 4) low energy consumption and low power consumption. The power of the water spray device is much smaller than the size of the device that is blasted into the air.

Because of the above-described heat balance mode of the present invention, the copper-making furnace of the present invention can be carried out under conditions of high oxygen-rich concentration blowing. In a preferred embodiment, in the step of performing a copper-making reaction, the first copper crucible is oxidized by injecting oxygen-enriched air into the copper-making furnace to perform a copper-making reaction, and the volume of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air The percentage is 30 to 80%. Although CN103382528 mentions that the oxygen concentration of the blowing furnace is 9-60%, since it relies on the gas to carry away heat, the actual oxygen concentration can only be maintained below 25%, and the high oxygen-rich concentration cannot be truly achieved. In the present invention, the above-mentioned heat balance means can fully achieve an oxygen-enriched air concentration of 30 to 80%.

In a preferred embodiment, in the step of the copper-making reaction, after the step of performing the oxidation treatment, the metal copper and the copper-making slag are obtained; when the metal copper in the copper-making furnace contains less than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, The copper slag is discharged from the coppermaking furnace to obtain anode copper; when the oxygen in the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace is higher than 0.2 wt%, the copper slag is discharged into the coppermaking furnace, and the reducing agent is introduced into the coppermaking furnace. The copper oxide impurities in the metallic copper are subjected to a reduction reaction to obtain an anode copper.

The purpose of the copper-making reaction is to remove the sulfur element and other impurities in the first copper crucible to obtain a qualified anode copper. The impurity removal process mainly uses an oxidation reaction to oxidize impurities in copper to remove slag. When the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace contains less than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, on the one hand, it is indicated that the impurities are more sufficiently oxidized and enter the copper slag, and on the other hand, the copper is substantially not subjected to peroxidation. At this time, in the present invention, in the process of the copper-making reaction, the process of oxidizing only does not reduce, and the anode copper can be directly obtained. When the oxygen contained in the metallic copper in the copper-making furnace is higher than 0.2% by weight, it is indicated that part of the copper is oxidized while removing impurities. At this time, a reducing agent may be further added to carry out a reduction reaction of these copper oxide impurities. Further, in the present invention, the reduction reaction is carried out after the copper-making slag is discharged from the copper-making furnace, and it is also possible to prevent the impurities previously oxidized and slag from being dissolved back into the metallic copper, thereby further ensuring the grade of the anode copper.

In a preferred embodiment, in the step of oxidizing the first copper crucible in the copper making furnace, the second flux is added from the top of the copper making furnace; meanwhile, the bottom blowing method is used in the copper making furnace. The oxygen-enriched air is sprayed for oxidation treatment, or alternatively, the first reducing agent is sprayed for reduction. Preferably, the second flux is selected from the group consisting of quartz stone and/or limestone. Preferably, the first reducing agent is selected from one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and solid carbon-based reducing agent. Preferably, the solid carbon-based reducing agent is a pulverized coal and/or a solid carbonaceous reducing agent. The above processes and reagents can further enhance the effect of the copper making reaction.

The function of the above CR furnace is to recover valuable metals in the smelting slag by reducing fuming and sedimentation, and to make harmless slag. In a preferred embodiment, the CR furnace includes a cavity including a reducing reduction chamber and a settling chamber; and the step of recovering the valuable metal in the smelting slag includes: smelting the slag in the reducing smoulding chamber Performing reduction and smoulding treatment to obtain valuable metal flue gas and reducing slag, and sedimenting the reducing slag in the sedimentation chamber to obtain second copper ruthenium and harmless slag; or sedimenting the smelting slag in the sedimentation chamber, The second copper ruthenium and the sedimentation slag are obtained, and the sedimentation slag is subjected to reduction and smoulding treatment in the reduction smoulding cavity to obtain a valuable metal smog and a harmless slag.

The above CR furnace is an integrated recovery furnace, which simultaneously includes a reduction smoulding chamber and a settling chamber. In the first treatment method, the smelting slag is successively subjected to reduction smoulding treatment and sedimentation treatment. When the smelting slag is subjected to reduction and fuming treatment, the magnetic iron (ferric oxide) in the smelting slag can be reduced to ferrous oxide for slag formation, which can reduce the viscosity of the smelting slag, thereby improving the subsequent sedimentation separation effect and facilitating The second copper ruthenium is separated from the reducing slag. At the same time, after the valuable metal oxides such as zinc, lead and antimony are reduced to metal, they are separated into valuable metal fumes due to their volatility, thereby achieving the purpose of recovering valuable metals. After the reduction smoulding treatment, the reduced slag (flowing dynamics) is obtained and enters into the sedimentation chamber for sedimentation separation to obtain the second copper ruthenium and the harmless slag. More importantly, the reduced slag after the reduction smoulding treatment directly enters the sedimentation separation, on the one hand, the treatment efficiency can be greatly improved; on the other hand, since the reducing slag directly enters the sedimentation treatment, a more stable flow state can be maintained, and in the process There are only slight temperature changes or even no temperature changes. The two reasons make it have better sedimentation effect, which can further improve the recovery rate of the second copper matte.

For the second treatment, the sedimentation treatment is set before the step of reducing the fuming treatment. In this way, the copper ruthenium in the smelting slag can be separated first, and then subjected to reduction and smouldering treatment to further recover valuable metals such as zinc, lead, and antimony.

It should be noted that the present invention more preferably adopts a method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment, compared to the manner of reducing the fuming treatment after the sedimentation. For the method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment, the advantage is that the higher the sedimentation separation temperature, the better the separation effect. The temperature required for the reduction of flue gas is very high (1200 to 1400 ° C). Therefore, the temperature of the material after the first reduction of flue gas is high, and separation can be achieved in the sedimentation stage without additional heating. Of course, this method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment can also replenish the sedimentation treatment. However, the method of reducing the flue gas after sedimentation and separation is inevitably required to replenish heat during the sedimentation process. The specific heating method can be as follows: the electrode can be heated or insulated in the settling section (for example, 3 to 6 electrodes can be set), and/or the submerged combustion nozzle can be provided (the submerged combustion nozzle ejects fuel and oxygen, and the amount of oxygen Control is in the state of incomplete combustion of the fuel). In addition, the method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment has the following advantages: after the reducing slag stays in the settling chamber for a certain period of time, the sedimentation stratification of the dross can be more fully realized, the harmless slag is discharged from the upper part, and the second copper slag is discharged from the lower part. release.

In a specific operation, the smelting slag may be successively subjected to a plurality of reduction smouldering and sedimentation steps, or the smelting slag may be divided into a plurality of parts for performing a reductive smouldering and sedimentation step. This is conceivable by those skilled in the art in accordance with the teachings of the present invention and will not be described herein.

In a preferred embodiment, a partition wall is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into a reduction smoulding chamber and a sedimentation chamber, and the smog reduction and smog chamber and the sedimentation chamber are respectively located in the horizontal direction of the partition wall. Side, and the communication channel connecting the reducing chamber and the settling chamber is disposed near the bottom of the chamber. In this way, a smoother flow can be achieved between the fluid melt which reacts in the reduction smoulding chamber and the melt which settles in the settling chamber, and the partition wall can block the reduction in the smoulding chamber. The agitating and floating material on the surface further enhances the effect of the sedimentation treatment.

In a preferred embodiment, the step of reducing the fuming treatment comprises: adding a second reducing agent to the reducing nicotizing chamber for reductive fuming treatment; preferably, the second reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of natural gas, gas, liquefied petroleum gas, One or more of the iron powder and the solid carbon-based reducing agent, more preferably the solid carbon-based reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of lump coal and/or pulverized coal. The reagent is selected for reduction and fuming treatment, and the recovery of valuable metals is more thorough. In the actual operation, the oxidant is injected into the reduction smoulding chamber to provide heat by combustion, and the oxidant may also react with the reducing agent to form a reducing gas such as carbon monoxide, and reduce the effect together with the added reducing agent.

In a preferred embodiment, a side blowing lance is disposed in the reducing smoulding chamber, and in the step of reducing the smoulding treatment, the second reducing agent is blasted into the reducing smoulding chamber by a side blasting gun. More preferably, the reducing smoulding chamber is further provided with a venting port, and the step of reducing the smoulding treatment further comprises: introducing a secondary air at the upper portion of the reducing smoulding chamber or at the venting port. In this way, the valuable metal flue gas can be oxidized to a valuable metal oxide, and then the flue gas can be recovered.

In a preferred embodiment, in the step of reducing the fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1200 to 1400 °C. More preferably, when the reduction flue gasification treatment step is located before the sedimentation treatment step, a collector is added to the reduction flue gas chamber while the reduction flue gas treatment is performed; preferably, the trap agent is selected from the first vulcanizing agent and/or copper Concentrate, more preferably the first vulcanizing agent is selected from the group consisting of pyrite and/or pyrite. When the reduction flue gasification treatment step is located after the sedimentation treatment step, a second vulcanizing agent and/or copper concentrate is added to the sedimentation chamber while the sedimentation treatment is performed, and preferably the second vulcanizing agent is selected from the group consisting of pyrite, pyrite and One or more of lead slag copper scum.

The addition of a vulcanizing agent and/or a copper concentrate facilitates the reduction of the copper bismuth grade in the smelting slag to be converted into a low-grade copper ruthenium (second copper ruthenium), which can reduce the copper content in the harmless slag and further increase the copper content. Recovery rate. In the manner after the reduction smouldering step is located after the sedimentation treatment step, since the sediment slag is further subjected to a subsequent reduction smoulding step for recovery, it is possible to use a slag such as lead slag copper scum as a vulcanizing agent, wherein the lead is also It can be volatilized and recovered together with the lead in the sedimentation slag in the reduction fuming step, so that the refractory materials generated in some production processes can be fully utilized to realize comprehensive utilization of resources without adding additional equipment investment and process links.

More preferably, the step of the sedimentation treatment further comprises: injecting an inert gas and/or a sulfur dioxide gas into the settling chamber. This creates a weak agitation which facilitates the separation of copper and slag. More preferably, the sulfur dioxide gas is bubbled in, which acts as a partial vulcanizing agent in addition to the agitation action, and is more advantageous for producing a low-grade copper beryllium in the sedimentation stage.

In a preferred embodiment, after the step of obtaining the second copper crucible, the copper smelting method further comprises the step of returning the second copper crucible to the melting furnace for melting. This can increase the utilization of copper.

In a preferred embodiment, after the step of obtaining the second copper crucible, the copper smelting method further comprises the step of returning the second copper crucible to the copper making furnace for copper making. This can increase the utilization of copper. Since the second copper crucible is generally added in a cooled state (and a solid second copper crucible), it can also function as a heat balance.

In a preferred embodiment, in the step of performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper ruthenium, the obtained copper is a copper melt; after the step of the copper-making reaction, the copper smelting method further comprises casting the copper melt. The step of molding. This allows the copper melt to be further cast into a product such as a copper anode plate.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a copper smelting system, as shown in FIG. 1, the copper smelting system comprises a melting furnace 10, a copper making furnace 20, a CR furnace 30, a first flow tank and a second flow tank; The melting furnace 10 is used for smelting copper concentrate to produce first copper crucible and smelting slag; the melting furnace 10 is provided with a first copper crucible outlet and a smelting slag outlet; the coppermaking furnace 20 is provided with a copper crucible inlet, a copper crucible The inlet and the first copper crucible outlet are connected by a first flow tank, and the copper making furnace 20 is used for copper-making reaction of the first copper crucible to generate anode copper and copper-making slag; the CR furnace 30 is provided with a smelting slag inlet, and the smelting slag The outlet is connected through the second flow channel for reducing smelting and sedimentation of the smelting slag to recover valuable metals in the smelting slag and to make harmless slag. Compared with the prior art, the total process is greatly shortened, which is conducive to reducing construction costs, reducing technical complexity, and achieving comprehensive resource recovery and eliminating environmental hazards.

In the above apparatus, the copper ore can be smelted by the melting furnace 10 to obtain a first copper crucible and a smelting slag. After the smelting slag is obtained, the smelting slag can be reduced and smelted and settled by the CR furnace 30, and the valuable metals in the smelting slag such as metal zinc, lead, bismuth, and the like can be recovered. This effectively solves the problem of waste of valuable metals in the existing copper smelting process, and avoids the pollution of these metals to the environment; on the other hand, the reduction smelting and sedimentation of the smelting slag replaces the original slag. The beneficiation process not only greatly reduces the factory floor space, but also makes the process more simple. It also fundamentally eliminates the pollution caused by the beneficiation agent added in the slag beneficiation process. At the same time, it should be noted that in the copper smelting apparatus of the present invention, the CR furnace 30 communicates with the slag end of the melting furnace 10, and the copper making furnace 20 communicates with the copper rim end of the melting furnace 10. After the copper ore is smelted to obtain the first copper crucible and the smelting slag, the first copper crucible is subjected to a copper-making reaction to form a higher-grade anode copper, and on the other hand, the molten slag produced in the smelting process is obtained. The recycling process, that is, the use of a pick-up copper smelting device, greatly shortens the steps of copper smelting, and has a good industrialized large-scale application prospect.

In a preferred embodiment, the CR furnaces 30 are a plurality of units arranged in parallel or in series. Thus, the plurality of CR furnaces 30 can produce the second copper crucible, the valuable metal, and the water-damaged harmless slag by continuous operation or alternate operation, thereby improving the processing efficiency. Of course, it is also possible to use a plurality of CR furnaces 30 to treat the smelting slag in series to further improve the treatment effect. I will not repeat them here.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the copper making furnace 20 is a plurality of tubes arranged in parallel. This also improves the capabilities of the device.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the copper making furnace 20 is two in parallel, and the CR furnace is one; or

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the copper making furnace 20 is one, and the CR furnace is two in parallel; or

In still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 4, two copper-making furnaces 20 are arranged in parallel, and the CR furnaces are also two in parallel.

In a preferred embodiment, the smelting furnace 10 is a bottom-blown smelting furnace or a side-blown smelting furnace.

In a preferred embodiment, the smelting furnace 10 is provided with a copper slag inlet for passing the cooled copper slag into the smelting furnace 10. By adding copper slag, the problem of overheating during the smelting process can be alleviated, and the smelting process can be more easily performed at a higher oxygen-rich concentration, and thus the amount of flue gas generated can be reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the copper making furnace 20 is further provided with a first spray gun and a flux inlet, and the first spray gun is disposed at the side or the bottom of the copper making furnace 20 for injecting oxidant into the copper making furnace 20 and An optional reducing agent; the flux inlet is used to pass the flux. Specifically, when the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace contains less than 0.2% oxygen, on the one hand, it is indicated that the impurities are more sufficiently oxidized and enter the copper slag, and on the other hand, the copper is substantially not subjected to peroxidation. At this time, in the present invention, in the process of the copper-making reaction, the process of oxidizing only does not reduce, and the anode copper can be directly obtained. When the oxygen content in the metallic copper in the copper-making furnace is higher than 0.2%, it indicates that some copper is oxidized while removing impurities. At this time, a reducing agent may be further added to carry out a reduction reaction of these copper oxide impurities. Further, in the present invention, the reduction reaction is carried out after the copper-making slag is discharged from the copper-making furnace, and it is also possible to prevent the impurities previously oxidized and slag from being dissolved back into the metallic copper, thereby further ensuring the grade of the anode copper.

In a preferred embodiment, the furnace body of the copper making furnace 20 is a horizontal cylindrical furnace body.

In a preferred embodiment, the copper making furnace 20 is further provided with a cold material inlet for adding one or more of electrolytic copper residuals, scrap copper and solid copper crucibles to the copper making furnace 20. Preferably, the copper making system further includes a cooling device for cooling the copper making furnace 20. This ensures that the copper-making furnace 20 maintains thermal equilibrium during the copper-making reaction stage, creating conditions for injecting oxygen into the copper-making furnace, and further extending the furnace life. More preferably, the cooling device is a vacuum water jacket device or a water mist cooling device.

Because of the above-described heat balance mode of the present invention, the copper-making furnace of the present invention can be carried out under conditions of high oxygen-rich concentration blowing. In the step of subjecting the first copper crucible to a copper-making reaction, the obtained anode copper is a copper melt.

In a preferred embodiment, the coppermaking furnace 20 is also provided with an anode copper outlet; the short-flow coppermaking system further includes a casting apparatus 40 in communication with the anode copper outlet for casting the anode copper. The copper melt can be further cast by forming the casting apparatus 40 to form a product such as an anode copper plate. More preferably, the casting apparatus 40 is a double disc casting machine.

In a preferred embodiment, the CR furnace 30 includes a chamber including a reducing reduction chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32 that communicate with the smelting slag outlet for reducing the smelting slag. In the smoulding treatment, the reducing smog chamber 31 is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the settling chamber 32 is connected with the reducing smoating chamber 31 for sedimentation treatment of the reducing slag generated after the reductive smoulding treatment, and the settling chamber 32 is provided with a first The second copper bismuth outlet and the harmless slag discharge port; or the CR furnace 30 includes a cavity including a reduced reduction smog chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32, and the settling chamber 32 communicates with the smelting slag outlet for performing the smelting slag The sedimentation chamber 32 is provided with a second copper sputum outlet, and the reduction smoulding chamber 31 is connected to the sedimentation chamber 32 for performing a reduction smoulding treatment on the sedimentation slag generated after the sedimentation treatment, and the reduction smoulding chamber 31 is provided with Flue gas outlet and harmless slag discharge.

Thus, the CR furnace 30 provided by the present invention is an integrated device, which includes a reducing flue gas chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32, and a connection relationship between the reduction flue gas chamber 31 and the sedimentation chamber 32, which can be determined to reduce the flue gas. , post-settling; or settle first, then reduce the fuming.

When the reduction smoulding chamber 31 is in communication with the smelting slag outlet and the settling chamber 32 is in communication with the reducing smoulding chamber 31, the smelting slag can be first subjected to reduction and smouldering treatment, and then subjected to sedimentation treatment. When the smelting slag is subjected to reduction and smelting treatment, the magnetic iron (ferric oxide) in the smelting slag can be reduced to ferrous oxide for slag formation, which can reduce the viscosity of the smelting slag and thereby improve the subsequent sedimentation separation effect. It is convenient to separate the second copper crucible from the reducing slag. At the same time, after the valuable metal oxides such as zinc, lead and antimony are reduced to metal, they are separated into valuable metal fumes due to their volatility, thereby achieving the purpose of recovering valuable metals. After the reduction smoulding treatment, the obtained reducing slag (flowing dynamics) enters the sedimentation chamber for sedimentation separation, and further obtains the second copper ruthenium and the harmless slag. More importantly, with integrated equipment, the smelting slag after reduction and smoulding treatment directly enters the sedimentation separation, which can greatly improve the treatment efficiency; on the other hand, the reducing slag directly enters the sedimentation treatment, and can maintain a more stable flow state. In the process, there is only a slight temperature change or even no temperature change. The two reasons make it have better sedimentation effect, which can further improve the recovery rate of the second copper matte.

When the settling chamber 32 is in communication with the smelting slag outlet, and the reducing smoky chamber 31 is in communication with the settling chamber 32, the smelting slag can be first subjected to sedimentation treatment, and then subjected to reduction smoulding treatment. In this way, the copper ruthenium in the smelting slag can be separated first, and then the reduction smoulding treatment stage can be carried out to further recover valuable metals such as zinc therein. It should be noted that the present invention more preferably adopts a method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment, compared to the manner of reducing the fuming treatment after the sedimentation. For the method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment, the advantage is that the higher the sedimentation separation temperature, the better the separation effect. The temperature required for the reduction of flue gas is very high (1200 to 1400 ° C). Therefore, the temperature of the material after the first reduction of flue gas is high, and separation can be achieved in the sedimentation stage without additional heating. Of course, this method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment can also replenish the sedimentation treatment. However, the method of reducing the flue gas after sedimentation and separation is inevitably required to replenish heat during the sedimentation process. The specific heating method can be as follows: the electrode can be heated or insulated in the settling section (for example, 3 to 6 electrodes can be set), and/or the submerged combustion nozzle can be provided (the submerged combustion nozzle ejects fuel and oxygen, and the amount of oxygen Control is in the state of incomplete combustion of the fuel). In addition, the method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment has the following advantages: after the reducing slag stays in the settling chamber for a certain period of time, the sedimentation stratification of the dross can be more fully realized, the harmless slag is discharged from the upper part, and the second copper slag is discharged from the lower part. release.

In a preferred embodiment, a partition wall 33 is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into a reduction smoulding chamber 31 and a sedimentation chamber 32, and the reduction smoulding chamber 31 and the sedimentation chamber 32 are respectively located in the horizontal direction. Both sides of the wall 33, and the communication passages of the reduction smoky chamber 31 and the settling chamber 32 are disposed near the bottom of the chamber. With this arrangement, a fluid melt which reacts in the reduction smoulding chamber 31 and a melt which is subjected to sedimentation treatment in the sedimentation chamber can achieve a smoother flow, and the partition wall can block the reduction smog chamber. The agitation and the floating material on the surface further enhance the effect of the sedimentation treatment. Preferably, the partition wall 33 is a water-cooled partition wall.

In a preferred embodiment, the reduction smoulding chamber 31 is further provided with: a second lance and a feed port, the second lance being disposed at a side of the reduction smoulding chamber 31 for adding a reduction to the reduction smoulding chamber 31 The feed port is disposed at the top of the reduction smoulding chamber 31 for adding a collector to the reduction smoulding chamber 31. Such a feeding method can further improve the effect of reducing the fuming treatment of the smelting slag.

In a preferred embodiment, the settling chamber 32 is also provided with a heating device for holding or warming the settling chamber 32. The heating device is an immersion combustion nozzle or electrode (specifically as described above)

In a preferred embodiment, the second copper ruthenium outlet is for discharging the second copper sulphur, and the smelting furnace 10 is further provided with a second copper ruthenium inlet for passing the cooled second copper ruthenium into the smelting furnace 10 . This can increase the utilization of copper. At the same time, it is possible to further avoid the overheating phenomenon in the melting furnace and improve the melting effect.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated by the following examples:

Example 1

The copper smelting apparatus shown in Fig. 1 is used for copper smelting, and the process conditions of each apparatus are as follows:

Melting furnace: melting temperature is 1300 ° C; flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of copper ore; oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 150Nm ³ O ₂ per ton of copper ore;

Copper-making furnace: the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible; the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having a volumetric oxygen content of 40%, and the addition amount is 200Nm ³ O per ton of the first copper crucible. ₂ ; using a spray gun to spray oxidant into the coppermaking furnace, also spray water mist; at the same time add cold waste copper to the coppermaking furnace; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, before the reducing agent is sprayed, the copper slag is firstly sprayed After the discharge, the copper slag is cooled and returned to the smelting furnace.

CR furnace: first reduction of fuming, post-sedimentation; in the step of reducing fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1200 ° C; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of the smelting slag; a small amount of oxygen is supplied to provide combustion-supporting Heat; sulfur dioxide gas is introduced into the settling chamber, and the vulcanizing agent pyrite is added to make low-grade copper bismuth; the low-grade copper bismuth obtained is returned to the melting furnace.

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting The slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 235,000 tons of anode copper, 99.3% copper, and 0.05% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.3% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.28%. The copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 80%.

Example 2

The treatment method is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the copper ore raw materials are different, as follows:

Annual processing of 1.5 million tons of copper concentrate, concentrate containing 25% copper, 1.5% zinc, containing 0.5% smelting; smelting output of 400,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 1 million tons of smelting, 2% copper The smelting slag contains 2.03% of zinc; the copper making furnace produces 450,000 tons of anode copper, containing 99.2% of copper and 0.03% of sulfur; the slag contains 0.3% of copper after slag treatment by the CR furnace, and the slag contains 0.20% of zinc. The copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 80%.

Example 3

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

Melting furnace: melting temperature is 1300 ° C; flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 20% of the total weight of copper ore; oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 200Nm ³ O ₂ per ton of copper ore;

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; 260,000 tons of copper smelting, 78% copper, 620,000 tons of smelting slag, 4% copper, smelting The slag contains 2.05% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 236,000 tons of anode copper, 99.5% copper, 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.2% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.26%. The copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 82%.

Example 4

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

Melting furnace: the melting temperature is 1150 ° C; the flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 1% of the total weight of the copper ore; the oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 120Nm ³ O ₂ per ton of copper ore;

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; 260,000 tons of copper smelting, 70% copper, 700,000 tons of smelting, 2.5% copper, smelting The slag contains 3.25% zinc; the copper making furnace produces 231,000 tons of anode copper, containing 99.1% copper and 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated by CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.3% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.27%. The copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 80%.

Example 5

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

Melting furnace: the melting temperature is 1100 ° C; the flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 0.8% of the total weight of the copper ore; the oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 90Nm ³ O ₂ per ton of copper ore;

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 200,000 tons of copper, 65% copper, 780,000 tons of smelting, 5% copper, smelting The slag contains 4.71% zinc; the copper making furnace produces 228,000 tons of anode copper, 98.0% copper, and 0.1% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.6% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.49%. The overall system copper recovery rate is about 95%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 78%.

Example 6

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

Copper-making furnace: the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible; the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen volume content of 80%, and the addition amount is 120Nm ³ O per ton of the first copper crucible. ₂ ; using a spray gun to spray oxidant into the copper making furnace, also spray water mist; at the same time, add cold waste copper to the copper making furnace; the reducing agent is pulverized coal; before the reducing agent is sprayed, the copper slag is firstly sprayed Drain, cool and return to the melting furnace.

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting The slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 246,000 tons of anode copper, 99.5% copper, 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.4% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.32%. The copper recovery rate of the whole system is about 99.6%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 80%.

Example 7

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

Copper-making furnace: the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible; the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen volume content of 30%, and the addition amount is 140Nm ³ O per ton of the first copper crucible. ₂ ; using a spray gun to spray oxidant into the copper making furnace, also spray water mist, while adding cold waste copper to the copper making furnace; reducing agent is pulverized coal; before spraying the reducing agent, first make copper slag Drain, cool and return to the melting furnace.

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting The slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 220,000 tons of anode copper, 98.8% copper, 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.5% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.34%. The overall system copper recovery rate is about 98.7%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 75%.

Example 8

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

Copper-making furnace: the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible; the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having a volume content of 25% oxygen, and the addition amount is 140Nm ³ O per ton of the first copper crucible. ₂ ; the reducing agent is pulverized coal; no water mist is sprayed, and no cold material is added;

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting The slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 182,000 tons of anode copper, 97.6% copper, and 0.12% sulfur. After reduction and reduction of smelting slag (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.41% copper and the slag contains zinc 0.50. %. The copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 95%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 70%.

Example 9

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

CR furnace: first reduction of fuming, post-sedimentation; in the step of reducing fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1350 ° C; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of the smelting slag; a small amount of oxygen is supplied to provide heat; The low-grade copper bismuth is formed by adding a vulcanizing agent pyrite; sulfur dioxide gas is introduced into the sedimentation chamber, and the low-grade copper bismuth is returned to the melting furnace.

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting The slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 235,000 tons of anode copper, 99.3% copper, and 0.05% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.1% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.19%. The overall system copper recovery rate is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 85%.

Example 10

The processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:

CR furnace: first settling, then reducing fuming; in the step of reducing fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1350 ° C; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of the smelting slag; a small amount of oxygen is supplied to provide heat; The settling chamber performs electrode heating.

Treatment results: 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 72% copper, 630,000 tons of smelting, 3.5% copper, smelting The slag contains 2.63% zinc; the copper making furnace produces 240,000 tons of anode copper, 99.3% copper, and 0.05% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.6% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.54%. The overall system copper recovery rate is about 98.5%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 68%.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

By adopting the copper smelting process provided by the invention, the annual processing amount is large, and the anode copper (refers to the copper product whose purity can reach the electrolytic anode copper) has large output, and the recovery rate of the valuable metal is high. In particular, from the data in Example 1, Examples 5 to 8, it can be seen that Examples 1, 5 to the technical solution in which no cold material or water mist is added to the coppermaking furnace in Embodiment 8 In the 7th method, the method of adding cold material and spraying water mist into the copper-making furnace greatly improves the oxygen content of the oxidant in the copper-making reaction, so that the reaction can complete the copper-making reaction under the condition of high oxygen-rich concentration without generating overheating. The phenomenon also effectively improves the copper-sulfur production efficiency and the copper content of the anode copper. Of course, although the cold material is not added to the coppermaking furnace and the water mist is sprayed, the technical solution in the eighth embodiment of the present invention also uses the short-flow copper smelting process to effectively recover the valuable metal in the smelting slag, and directly produces the anode. The incorporation of copper into harmless slag is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In summary, the present invention effectively recovers valuable metals in the smelting slag during the smelting process by reducing fuming and sedimentation, thereby realizing resource recovery and reducing environmental pollution. In addition, the invention takes the melting furnace as the core and simultaneously shortens the product end and the slag end, thereby greatly simplifying the copper smelting process. It is estimated that the average zinc content in the slag is calculated according to 3%, the recovery rate is calculated according to 80%, and the copper smelting enterprise with 200,000 t/a can recover 19,000 t/a of zinc, which greatly improves the economic benefits of the enterprise and greatly simplifies. The process of slag treatment has greatly reduced the footprint and solved the potential pollution risk of slag tailings.

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and various changes and modifications may be made to the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

A short process copper smelting method, characterized in that the copper smelting device used comprises a melting furnace, a copper making furnace, a CR furnace, a first flow tank and a second flow tank;

The melting furnace is provided with a copper crucible outlet and a smelting slag outlet; the copper forming furnace is provided with a copper crucible inlet, and the copper crucible inlet is communicated with the copper crucible outlet through the first launder; the CR furnace is provided with a smelting slag inlet, the smelting slag inlet being in communication with the smelting slag outlet through the second launder;

The short process copper smelting method comprises the following steps:

The copper concentrate is smelted in the melting furnace to obtain a first copper crucible and a smelting slag;

Performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper crucible in the copper-making furnace to generate anode copper and copper-making slag;

Refining and smelting the smelting slag in the CR furnace to comprehensively recover valuable metals in the smelting slag and forming a harmless slag; the valuable metal includes one of lead, zinc and antimony Species or more;

The short-flow copper smelting method simultaneously completes the production of the anode copper, the comprehensive recovery of valuable metals in the smelting slag, and the direct production of the harmless slag by the CR furnace.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 1, wherein the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace comprises: mixing the copper concentrate with a first flux to obtain a mixture Putting the mixture into the melting furnace, performing smelting under the action of the first oxidant to obtain the first copper crucible and the smelting slag;

Preferably, the bottom blowing smelting method or the side blowing smelting method is used in the smelting process;

Preferably, the first flux is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone; the first oxidant is selected from one or more of oxygen, compressed air and oxygen-enriched air.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 2, wherein in the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace, the first oxidizing agent is injected in an amount of the copper per ton. concentrate corresponding to 3 or more to 120Nm O 2 content of the first copper matte is not less than 70wt%, the amount of injected oxidant is preferable that the first copper concentrate per ton corresponding to said O 120 ~ 200Nm 3 of 2 such that the copper content of the first copper matte is 70 to 78 wt%.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 3, wherein in the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace, the cooled copper slag is put into the smelting furnace The smelting treatment is carried out together with the copper concentrate.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step of performing the copper-making reaction, the oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the copper-making furnace to the first The copper matte is subjected to an oxidation treatment to carry out the copper-forming reaction, and the volume percentage of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30 to 80%.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 5, wherein the step of performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper crucible in the copper-making furnace further comprises: simultaneously adding cold to the copper-making furnace And/or spraying water mist into the coppermaking furnace, and/or providing a cooling element outside the furnace body of the coppermaking furnace; wherein the cold material comprises waste copper, electrolytic residual copper and solid copper One or more of the cockroaches.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 6, wherein in the step of forming a copper, after the step of performing the oxidizing treatment, metallic copper and the copper-making slag are obtained.

When the metal copper in the copper-making furnace contains less than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, the copper-making slag is discharged to the copper-making furnace, and the metal copper is used as the anode copper;

When the oxygen in the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace is higher than 0.2% by weight, after the copper-making slag is discharged from the copper-making furnace, a reducing agent is introduced into the copper-making furnace to the metal The copper oxide impurities in the copper are subjected to a reduction reaction to further obtain the anode copper.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein in the step of oxidizing the first copper crucible in the copper-making furnace, the second flux is removed from Adding the top of the copper furnace; at the same time, injecting the oxygen-enriched air into the copper-making furnace by bottom blowing to perform the oxidation treatment, or optionally spraying the first reducing agent to perform the reduction reaction ;

Preferably, the second flux is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone;

Preferably, the first reducing agent is selected from one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and solid carbon-based reducing agent, preferably the solid carbon-based reducing agent is pulverized coal and/or lump coal.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the CR furnace comprises a cavity, the cavity includes a reduced reduction smog chamber and a settling chamber; The steps of smelting the valuable metals in the slag include:

The smelting slag is subjected to reduction smoulding treatment in the reducing smoulding chamber to obtain valuable metal soot and reducing slag; and the reducing slag is subjected to sedimentation treatment in the settling chamber to obtain a second cerium And the harmless slag; or

The smelting slag is subjected to sedimentation treatment in the settling chamber to obtain a second copper ruthenium and sedimentation slag; and the sedimentation slag is subjected to reduction and smog treatment in the reduction smoulding chamber to obtain a valuable metal soot And the harmless slag.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 9, wherein a partition wall is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into the reduction smoulding chamber and the settling chamber, The smouldering reduction smoulding chamber and the settling chamber are respectively located on two sides of the partition wall in a horizontal direction, and a communication passage of the reducing smoky chamber and the settling chamber is disposed near a bottom of the chamber.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 9, wherein the step of reducing the smoulding treatment comprises: adding a second reducing agent to the reducing smoulding chamber to perform the reducing smoulding treatment; The second reducing agent is selected from one or more of natural gas, coal gas, liquefied petroleum gas, iron powder and solid carbon-based reducing agent, and more preferably the solid carbon-based reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of lump coal and/or powder. coal.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 11, wherein a side blowing lance is disposed in the reducing smoulding chamber, and the step of reducing smoulding treatment is performed by the side blasting gun a second reducing agent is bubbled into the reducing tobacco chamber;

Preferably, the reducing fuming chamber is further provided with a smoke outlet, and the step of reducing the fuming treatment further comprises: introducing a secondary air at an upper portion of the reducing tobacco chamber or the outlet.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein in the step of reducing the smoulding treatment, the reaction temperature is 1200 to 1400 °C.
A short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 13, wherein

When the reducing flue gasification treatment step is located before the sedimentation treatment step, adding a collector to the reduction flue gas chamber while the reduction flue gas treatment is performed; preferably, the trap agent is selected from the first a vulcanizing agent and/or a copper concentrate, more preferably the first vulcanizing agent is selected from the group consisting of pyrite and/or pyrite;

When the reducing fuming treatment step is located after the sedimentation treatment step, a second vulcanizing agent and/or copper concentrate, preferably the second vulcanizing agent, is added to the settling chamber simultaneously with the sedimentation treatment. One or more selected from the group consisting of pyrite, pyrite, and lead slag scum; preferably, the settling chamber is insulated while the settling treatment is performed.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to claim 14, wherein the step of the sedimentation treatment further comprises: blowing an inert gas and/or a sulfur dioxide gas into the settling chamber.
The short-flow copper smelting method according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein after the step of obtaining the second copper ruthenium, the copper smelting method further comprises returning the second copper ruthenium The melting furnace performs the step of melting.
A short process copper smelting system, characterized in that the short process copper smelting system comprises:

a melting furnace (10) for melting a copper concentrate to produce a first copper crucible and a smelting slag, the melting furnace (10) being provided with a first copper crucible outlet and a smelting slag outlet;

a copper-making furnace (20), the copper-making furnace (20) is provided with a copper crucible inlet and a copper-making slag outlet, and the copper crucible inlet communicates with the first copper crucible outlet through a first launder, the copper-making furnace (20) performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper crucible to form an anode copper and a copper-making slag;

a CR furnace (30), the CR furnace (30) is provided with a smelting slag inlet, the smelting slag inlet is in communication with the smelting slag outlet through a second launder, and the CR furnace (30) is used for the smelting The slag is subjected to reduction smouldering and sedimentation to recover valuable metals in the smelting slag and to make harmless slag.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 17, wherein the smelting furnace (10) is a bottom-blow smelting furnace or a side-blow smelting furnace.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 17, wherein the smelting furnace (10) is provided with a copper slag inlet for introducing the cooled copper slag into the smelting furnace (10) ).
The short-flow copper smelting system according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the copper-making furnace (20) is further provided with:

a first spray gun disposed at a side or a bottom of the copper making furnace (20) for injecting an oxidant and an optional reducing agent into the copper making furnace (20);

A flux inlet for the passage of flux.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 20, wherein the furnace body of the copper-making furnace (20) is a horizontal cylindrical furnace body.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the copper-making furnace (20) is further provided with a cold material inlet for the copper-making furnace (20) One or more of electrolytic copper residuals, scrap copper and solid copper matte are added.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 22, wherein the copper-making system further comprises a cooling device for cooling the copper-making furnace (20).
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 23, wherein the cooling device is a negative pressure water jacket device or a water spray mist cooling device.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the copper-making furnace (20) is further provided with an anode copper outlet; the short-flow copper smelting system further comprises a casting device ( 40) The casting device (40) is in communication with the anode copper outlet for casting the anode copper.
A short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 15 wherein said casting apparatus (40) is a double disc casting machine.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the CR furnace (30) is a plurality arranged in parallel or in series, and the copper-making furnace (20) is arranged in parallel Multiple.
A short-flow copper smelting system according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that

The CR furnace (30) includes a cavity including a reduced reduction smoulding chamber (31) and a settling chamber (32), and the reduction smoulding chamber (31) is in communication with the smelting slag outlet. The reduction smelting treatment is performed on the smelting slag, wherein the reduction smoulding chamber (31) is provided with a flue gas outlet; and the sedimentation chamber (32) is used for sedimentation of the reducing slag generated after the reductive smoulding treatment Processing, and the settling chamber (32) is provided with a second copper raft outlet and a harmless slag discharge; or

The CR furnace (30) includes a cavity including a reduced reduction smoulding chamber (31) and a settling chamber (32), the settling chamber (32) being in communication with the smelting slag outlet for The smelting slag is subjected to a sedimentation treatment, and the sedimentation chamber (32) is provided with a second copper sputum outlet; the reduction smoulding chamber (31) is used for reducing and smoulding the sedimentation slag generated after the sedimentation treatment, The reduction flue gas chamber (31) is provided with a flue gas outlet and a harmless slag discharge port.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 28, wherein a partition wall (33) is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into the reduction smoulding chamber (31) and a sedimentation chamber (32), the reduction smoky chamber (31) and the settling chamber (32) are respectively located on two sides of the partition wall (33) in a horizontal direction, and the reduction smoulding chamber (31) A communication passage with the settling chamber (32) is disposed adjacent to the bottom of the chamber.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 28, wherein the reduction smoulding chamber (31) is further provided with:

a second spray gun disposed at a side of the reduction smoulding chamber (31) for adding a reducing agent to the reduction smoulding chamber (31);

A feed port is provided at the top of the reduction smoulding chamber (31) for adding a collector to the reduction smoulding chamber (31).
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 28, characterized in that the settling chamber (32) is further provided with a heating device for holding or warming the settling chamber (32).
A short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 31, wherein said heating means is an immersion combustion nozzle or electrode.
The short-flow copper smelting system according to claim 28, wherein the second copper crucible outlet is for discharging the second copper sulfur, and the melting furnace (10) is further provided with a second copper crucible inlet for The cooled second copper sulfur is introduced into the melting furnace (10).