SU1585637A1 - Two-chamber ore-smelting furnace for processing materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the complex processing of materials containing heavy non-ferrous metals in an electrothermal manner. The goal is to reduce the loss of non-ferrous metals with waste slags. The melting-reduction chamber is located above the correction chamber and communicated with it by an L-shaped channel, the height of the horizontal channel being 0.5-0.75 of the electrode diameter, and the width of the vertical channel being the diameter of the electrode. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the complex processing of materials containing heavy non-ferrous metals in an electrothermal manner.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of non-ferrous metals with waste slag.

FIG. 1 shows a furnace, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - the same, taking into account the structure of the bath.

The ore-thermal furnace (Fig. 1) consists of two chambers: the left is the melting-recovery chamber, and the right is the correction chamber, and contains a metal casing 1, a coffered lining 2, a trapezoidal carbon fiber insert 3, ducts 4, a funnel 5 for pouring converter slag , vault 6, in which electrodes 7 and charging devices 8 are installed in a row, and tap hole 9 for discharging matte.

Zodina camera 10 adjustments are made with a slope of 1:30 in the direction of the tap hole for the release of matte. In the side wall of the bath there are tap holes 11 for discharging slag.

The caisson partition 12 divides the furnace bath into two indicated chambers, the working volumes of which are interconnected by a vertically-horizontal channel 13 of a L-shaped form, the height of the horizontal channel being equal to the maximum thickness of the metal alloy layer, heating and melting processes of the charge, complete phase separation and decomposition magnetite, if converter furnace slag is poured into the furnace, restoring the cycle to an elementary state and its evaporation, sublimation of compounds of satellite metals: lead, cadmium, germanium and some other their rare nnyh scattering elements, in particular rhenium.

In order to maintain a reducing atmosphere and prevent oxidation of metal vapor from satellites produced in sublimates, bake a thoroughly hermetic oven; And | u10t by known methods.

After separation of the phases, liquid products of melting flow into the second chamber of the unit, which is intended for their accumulation, as well as for further depletion.

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slag and adjustments to its composition. Slag washing and the operation of adjusting its composition are carried out by fusing a mixture consisting of pyrite concentrate (12-14%) and corrective additives,%: CaO 12-48; Mg 2-8; Cr2Oz 0.5-2. For this, the mixture of the specified composition is preliminarily subjected to careful movement together with the sulfide material, and then loaded into the furnace adjustment chamber in the form of conical heaps, slopes, the subsequent melting of which occurs in the slag melt.

Subsequently, depending on the production requirement, the liquid products of smelting slag are continuously or periodically released from the depletion-correction chamber. Thereafter, the slag is sent to the workshop for the manufacture of building materials, and the stein is sent for conversion.

Trial melting was carried out on an integrated laboratory electric furnace, the working space of which was divided by vertical partition into the melting and recovery chambers, which included a common metal casing, walls and bottoms of the carbon graphite. The melting-recovery chamber is located above the correction chamber and communicated with it by an L-shaped channel. Two electrodes of the melting-reduction chamber and two electrodes of the correction chamber are installed in a row along the longitudinal axis of the bath parallel to each other and connected in pairs to two single-phase transformers TD-500 M.

Processing dumped shlaki copper smelting plants. Mixtures consisting of limestone and zinc production, clinker, were used as a reducing agent. The tests were carried out without adjusting the composition of the slag formed at the bottom of the correction chamber during the furnace smelting of the dump and converter slag, and the height of the horizontal channel should be equal to the maximum thickness of the metal alloy layer, which is 0.5 electrode diameter. When processing in a furnace granulated mixture or concentrate, the height of the horizontal channel must be equal to the maximum thickness of the matte layer, the value of which is 0.75 the diameter of the electrode. As in the smelting of waste or converter slag, and in the smelting of granulated mixture or concentrate, the width of the vertical channel must be equal to the diameter of the electrode.

The preparation of the furnace for work is carried out in the following sequence.

After preloading the coke into the bath, the electrodes are applied to the voltage. Then after warming up the coke and leaving the adjustment chamber to

A given temperature regime is loaded into it by a moldboard and converter mill. Separation of coke from other liquid smelting products and its accumulation in the chamber

melting-reduction begins when the slag bath reaches a critical level whose height is equal to the maximum allowable thickness of the metal alloy layer (0.5 electrode diameter) or matte (0.75 electrode diameter). When the level of the slag melt reaches the level 00 (Fig. 2), whose height is 0.15 times the diameter above the critical level, the possibility of coke transfer from the melting chamber to the reduction chamber to the correction chamber is practically excluded. Therefore, the heating of the melting-reduction chamber must be carried out when the slag melt reaches the level of 00. To do this, it is necessary to load through the charging device Coke or clinker, and then apply voltage to the electrodes of the melting-reduction chamber. A mixture of coke or clinker and material containing heavy non-ferrous metals is introduced into the melting-recovery chamber through

5 loading device 86 by loading on a layer of coke heated to 1350 ° C, and corrective additives through loading devices 8c onto the surface of slag melt in the form of separate heaps. In the course of the technological process

0 a layer 14 of a reducing agent (fig., 2), separated from other liquid products of smelting: slag 15 and bar stine 16, in an independent phase. The melting of the material and the subsequent reduction of the oxides occur at 1800-2000 ° C in the coke layer or carbon 5 containing layer resulting from the melting of the clinker, which leads to an increase in the rate and degree of extraction of non-ferrous metals and iron. This creates favorable conditions

0 for intensification.

When smelting a mixture of composition, weight%: waste slag 100; known to 6-24; clinker 6-24, the copper content in the slag is reduced by 12-20, lead by 35-50, zinc by 45 35-40 times.

When smelting a mixture of composition, wt.%: Copper mixture 100; known to 6-24; clinker 6-24, copper content in waste slag decreases by 2-3.5, lead by 10-20, 50 zinc by 4-12 times.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Two-chamber ore-smelting furnace for processing materials, containing 55 metal shrouds, lined vaults, bottoms, walls, loading devices, gas ducts, electrodes, a filling funnel placed in the vault of the converter chamber 1585637 56 slag, tap holes for the release of liquid pro-above the bottom of the second chamber and soobsh, en duct melting, characterized in that, with her L-shaped channel, and the height the aim of reducing the loss of non-ferrous metals the horizontal channel is 0.5-0.75 with waste slag, the bottom of the chamber with the electrode diameter, and the width of the vertical the priming funnel in the roof is located 5 channels equal to the diameter of the electrode.  one 15 / x, lh  about / FIG. 2