WO2018223902A1 - Film de commande de lumière à cristaux liquides en mode inverse sans voile avec couche d'alignement non homogène - Google Patents

Film de commande de lumière à cristaux liquides en mode inverse sans voile avec couche d'alignement non homogène Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223902A1
WO2018223902A1 PCT/CN2018/089588 CN2018089588W WO2018223902A1 WO 2018223902 A1 WO2018223902 A1 WO 2018223902A1 CN 2018089588 W CN2018089588 W CN 2018089588W WO 2018223902 A1 WO2018223902 A1 WO 2018223902A1
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transparent conductive
conductive substrates
liquid crystal
coating
inhomogeneous
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PCT/CN2018/089588
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English (en)
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Man Chun Tseng
Cuiling MENG
Shu Tuen Tang
Hoi-Sing Kwok
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The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology
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Priority to CN201880033855.0A priority Critical patent/CN110651222B/zh
Publication of WO2018223902A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223902A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/13345—Network or three-dimensional gels
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13347—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals working in reverse mode, i.e. clear in the off-state and scattering in the on-state
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    • G02F1/133738—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homogeneous alignment
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/133742—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homeotropic alignment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • G02F1/133757—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle with different alignment orientations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • G02F1/133761—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle with different pretilt angles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13706—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light controlling device by means of light scattering.
  • Non-liquid crystal classes include electrochromic (EC) windows and suspended particle device (SPD) windows.
  • EC electrochromic
  • SPD suspended particle device
  • EC and SPD windows are suitable standard windows, but do not function well as privacy windows.
  • liquid crystal based smart windows such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) devices are able to switch from a voltage-on transparent state to a voltage-off scattering (diffused) state in milliseconds. Light waves are scattered rather than absorbed by the device. PDLC devices are suitable for privacy windows, but cannot block light from entering into the room and therefore are not preferred as standard windows.
  • PDLC polymer dispersed liquid crystal
  • Embodiments of the subject invention provide a reverse mode light controlling device having a voltage-off transparent state and a voltage-on opaque state.
  • polymer can be added to the liquid crystal to form a polymer network immersed with liquid crystal. This can be referred to as a polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) structure or a polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) device.
  • PNLC polymer network liquid crystal
  • PSLC polymer stabilized liquid crystal
  • a homeotropic surface alignment layer can be applied to align the liquid crystal molecules in a vertical direction in the voltage-off state.
  • a negative type liquid crystal that has a negative dielectric anisotropy can be used such that when it is under a vertical electric field, the liquid crystal molecules align perpendicularly to the electric field.
  • a polymer network that has a refractive index close to that of the liquid crystal can be used such that when in the voltage-off state there is minimal light scattering for all viewing angles. The matching refractive indices do not change with the viewing angle, therefore a wide and haze-free viewing angle can be achieved.
  • polymer structures can be embedded into the liquid crystal alignment material to form an inhomogeneous alignment layer.
  • This inhomogeneous alignment layer aligns the liquid crystals homeotropically in the voltage-off state and promotes randomness in the liquid crystal alignment in the voltage-on state.
  • the negative type liquid crystal molecules When an applied voltage moves beyond a threshold voltage, the negative type liquid crystal molecules start to deviate from the vertical aligned position. Due to the inhomogeneous alignment surface and the polymer network, many randomly aligned LC domains are formed and enter a scattering state. The scattering increases when the voltage increases and eventually reaches a maximum level. However, the scattering may begin to drop if an excessive voltage is applied. When the applied voltage is turned off, the liquid crystals return to their original vertical alignment and the device is transparent again.
  • An inhomogeneous alignment layer, polymer network liquid crystals, and homogeneous (planar) aligned liquid crystals with positive dielectric anisotropy can be applied to generate a reverse mode operation without using a homeotropic alignment material.
  • Embodiments of the subject invention can be used for smart windows, transparent displays, architectural windows, indoor privacy windows. These windows and displays can be used in buildings, conference rooms, hotel rooms and potentially as vehicle windows.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of a reverse mode polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) device.
  • PNLC reverse mode polymer network liquid crystal
  • Figure 2 shows an atomic force microscope image of an inhomogeneous surface alignment layer.
  • Figure 3 shows a line profile of the inhomogeneous layer.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the liquid crystal alignment near the inhomogeneous alignment layer.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the device in a voltage-off state.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the device in a voltage-on state.
  • Figure 7 is a plot of the transmittance voltage curve of present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a diagram showing the liquid crystal planar alignment in a voltage-off state when positive dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal is used.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating the alignment of positive liquid crystals in a voltage-on state.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram showing a device that incorporates the use of a dichroic dye in a voltage-off state.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram showing a device that incorporates the use of a dichroic dye in a voltage-on state.
  • Figure 12 shows three diagrams illustrating three possible switchable window configurations.
  • Figure 13 shows two diagrams illustrating a patterned switchable window.
  • each substrate 10 is connected to a respective inhomogeneous alignment layer 20.
  • the distance between the two substrates is determined by the spacers 30 in between the top and bottom substrates 10.
  • the top and bottom substrates 10 can be transparent conductive electrodes.
  • the top and bottom substrates 10 comprise indium tin oxide (ITO) on glass, indium tin oxide on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) film, or other transparent conductive coating on a glass or plastic substrate.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • PET Polyethylene Terephthalate
  • the space between the two substrates 10 is filled with liquid crystals in a polymer network 40.
  • the spacers 30 can be made of glass, plastic rods, or beads dispersed into a liquid crystal polymer composite.
  • the spacers 30 can be built-in structures, such as cylinders, bumps, or walls on top of the transparent conductive substrates and can be created by photo-etching, screen printing, or photo-polymerization.
  • the device can be sandwiched in between glass in an architectural or privacy window.
  • glass substrates or external glasses for plastic substrates
  • may have other functional coatings such as an anti-reflection coating, an ultraviolet (UV) coat, or an infrared (IR) coat.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • IR infrared
  • the alignment layer is made of a homeotropic alignment material with the addition of a reactive mesogen.
  • the function of the homeotropic alignment material is to align the liquid crystals in a vertical orientation during the voltage-off state. Addition of the reactive mesogen creates an inhomogeneous rough surface.
  • the polymerization of the reactive mesogen forms local inhomogeneity on the alignment layer 20, as seen in Figure 2.
  • the inhomogeneous surface alignment layer 20 seen in Figure 2 has a profile depth of approximately 100 nanometers and domain size in the micrometer range (see also, Figure 3) .
  • a function of the inhomogeneous surface is to give a small polar and random azimuthal angle to the vertically aligned liquid crystal molecules.
  • Another function of the inhomogeneous surface is to enhance the formation of a polymer network on the substrate surface and hence strengthen the adhesion between the substrates.
  • a homeotropic alignment layer material can be SE-4811 vertical alignment material from Nissan Chemical Industries and a reactive mesogen can be UCL 017 from DIC.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the liquid crystal alignment 50 near the inhomogeneous alignment layer 20.
  • the inhomogeneous alignment surface can be a single layer formed by mixing the alignment material with the reactive mesogen in a homogeneous solution. The solution can then be coated on the top and bottom substrates and the reactive mesogen can then be cured to form an inhomogeneous surface on each of the respective substrates.
  • the inhomogeneous alignment surface can be formed in two layers, first a homeotropic alignment layer is coated on each respective top and bottom substrate and then a reactive mesogen layer is coated on each respective homeotropic alignment layer.
  • a reactive mesogen layer can be coated on each respective top and bottom substrate and then a homeotropic alignment layer can be coated on each respective reactive mesogen layer.
  • the amount of reactive mesogen used and the curing condition directly affect the inhomogeneity and profile of the inhomogeneous alignment layer.
  • an inhomogeneous alignment layer can be formed by either adding monomers or small particles; or directly coating the alignment layer on a rough transparent conductive layer surface without the use of an additional monomer or polymer.
  • an inhomogeneous alignment layer can be formed as a randomly aligned or multiple direction aligned surface layer.
  • liquid crystals and monomers can be filled between two transparent conductive substrates.
  • the liquid crystal to monomer ratio by weight can be less than that of the ratio of a conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) device.
  • the monomer has less than 10%of the weight of the liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal and monomer mixture can be cured under suitable conditions and a polymer network is formed, as seen in Figure 5.
  • the monomer used is UCL 017 from DIC.
  • the liquid crystal can be an index matched negative nematic liquid crystal. A small amount of photo-initiator can also be added to promote the polymerization of the monomers.
  • the liquid crystals 50 are aligned homeotropically and a polymer network is formed in between the top and bottom substrates 10.
  • Each substrate 10 is coated with a respective inhomogeneous alignment layer 20.
  • the voltage source 60 is not connected and the device is in a voltage–off transparent state thereby allowing light waves 70 to pass though the device with minimal scattering.
  • a polymer can be chosen that has a refractive index to match the refractive index of the liquid crystal.
  • Liquid crystals that are not near the inhomogeneous alignment surface or the polymer network rotate towards a horizontal position first.
  • the liquid crystals that are near the inhomogeneous alignment surface resist rotation due to an anchoring force that hinders molecular rotation.
  • the random surface inhomogeneity gives a random azimuthal angle to the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the polymer network also hinders the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • small liquid crystal domains with different liquid crystal orientations are formed.
  • Figure 7 shows a typical transmission voltage curve. Light is transmitted through the device at a constant rate until the applied voltage begins to approach 5V, at which point the percentage of light that is transmitted through the device sharply decreases.
  • the plot in Figure 7 also demonstrates that the device can operate at a low voltage level.
  • no homeotropic alignment material is used to align the liquid crystal molecules.
  • Liquid crystals 90 with a positive dielectric anisotropy are aligned in a homogeneous or planar way in a voltage-off transparent state, as seen in Figure 8.
  • a voltage is generated by a voltage source 60
  • a vertical electric field is produced.
  • the liquid crystals rotate to align with the electric field. Due to surface inhomogeneity and the polymer network, liquid crystal domains are formed and the light waves 100 passing through the device exhibit increased scattering, as seen in Figure 9.
  • a dichroic dye is added into a negative dielectric liquid crystal polymer network layer.
  • the dichroic dye used is a black dye S428 from Mitsui Fine Chemicals.
  • the dichroic dye molecules have an elongated shape and follow the alignment direction of the neighboring liquid crystal molecules.
  • the dichroic dye absorbs light along the long axis of each dye molecule, but allows light waves traveling in orthogonal directions to pass through. In a voltage-off state, normal incident light can pass through the device without significant absorption.
  • the dichroic dye molecules 110 When the device is in a voltage-off state, as seen in Figure 10, the dichroic dye molecules 110 are vertically aligned and do not absorb light passing through the device. However, the dichroic dye 110 does absorb some light waves traveling through the device at oblique angles. Complete absorption of a light wave is not effectuated by a single dye molecule 110, but by many dye molecules through multiple absorptions.
  • a voltage is generated from a voltage source 60, as seen in Figure 11
  • the randomly aligned liquid crystal domains with the dichroic dye 110 absorb light waves 120 from all incident angles and thus the device is in an opaque dark state.
  • the reverse mode polymer network inhomogeneous surface liquid crystal light controlling device is well suited for smart glazing, touch screen, or privacy window applications.
  • a smart glazing or privacy window can be in a transparent voltage-off state 130, an opaque scattering state with diffused light passing through 140, and an opaque absorption state with minimum light coming through 150.
  • a device employing a dichroic dye can be used for windows in which light transmission control is desirable. It is also well suited for a transparent display that does not require a true dark state.
  • the transparent conductive layer can be an active matrix thin film transistor to driven pixel by pixel or combined with an active matrix device to become active matrix driven smart display.
  • the device can be in between two sheets of glass, each coated with a low-emissivity coating.
  • a simple text or clock pattern 160, 170 can be formed on the substrate, as shown in Figure 13. At the top right corner a patterned area can show diffused pattern (voltage-on) 160 with a transparent background (voltage off) 170. This can be used for a view-finder display application.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dispositifs et des procédés associés à un dispositif de commande de lumière électriquement commutable. Un dispositif comprend deux substrats conducteurs transparents (10), deux couches d'alignement non homogènes (20), chacune revêtue sur un substrat transparent (10) respectif, un espaceur (30) entre les deux substrats transparents (10), une couche de cristaux liquides entre les deux substrats transparents (10); et un réseau polymère (40) à l'intérieur de la couche de cristaux liquides. Le dispositif peut être utilisé pour des fenêtres intelligentes, des écrans tactiles ou des films occultants pour fenêtres.
PCT/CN2018/089588 2017-06-06 2018-06-01 Film de commande de lumière à cristaux liquides en mode inverse sans voile avec couche d'alignement non homogène WO2018223902A1 (fr)

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