WO2018214755A1 - 一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法 - Google Patents

一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法 Download PDF

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WO2018214755A1
WO2018214755A1 PCT/CN2018/086530 CN2018086530W WO2018214755A1 WO 2018214755 A1 WO2018214755 A1 WO 2018214755A1 CN 2018086530 W CN2018086530 W CN 2018086530W WO 2018214755 A1 WO2018214755 A1 WO 2018214755A1
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frequency
heat pump
protection method
pump compressor
frequency conversion
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PCT/CN2018/086530
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李百尧
何卫华
贾捷
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广东智科电子股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018214755A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018214755A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022Compressor control arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/02Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021Inverters therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of heat pump systems, in particular to a protection method during operation of a heat pump compressor.
  • the heat pump compressor is the core component of the whole heat pump system.
  • the current heat pump compressor is the most prone to problems and affects its service life.
  • the heat pump compressor frequency conversion action, the existing heat pump compressor frequency conversion control method is the split frequency control method. .
  • the step frequency control method mainly divides the operating frequency range of the entire heat pump compressor into a plurality of frequency files, and each gear has a difference of several hertz or ten hertz, and a certain temperature difference corresponds to a corresponding frequency file, and when the temperature difference changes, The frequency will rise or fall by one or more files.
  • this step frequency control method generally adopts a direct linear lifting mode in the process of lifting and lowering the gear position.
  • the so-called linear lifting refers to the lifting frequency at a constant speed to reach the target gear position.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the current state of the art in the heat pump compressor industry without an effective method for extending the service life of a heat pump compressor.
  • the solution to solve the technical problem of the present invention is: a protection method in the operation process of the heat pump compressor, including a frequency conversion process protection method and a return oil control process protection method, the frequency conversion protection method includes: every other in the frequency conversion process The frequency conversion period is provided with a time period for suspending the frequency conversion, and the ratio of the time length of the frequency conversion period to the time period for suspending the frequency conversion is 1:12; the oil return control protection method includes: after the oil return control condition is satisfied The heat pump compressor is frequency-converted to a return frequency, and the oil return control condition is: the heat pump compressor runs in a frequency lower than one-eighth limit frequency for 60 consecutive minutes, and the oil return frequency ranges from: a limit frequency 60% of the center fluctuates 5Hz up and down.
  • an initial startup protection method includes the steps of: starting a heat pump compressor; converting a frequency of the heat pump compressor to a preheating frequency; the preheating frequency ranges from 45% of the limiting frequency The upper limit fluctuates 10 Hz downward.
  • the frequency conversion is performed at a unit speed during the frequency conversion period, and the unit speed is 1 Hz per second.
  • the method further comprises: determining whether the startup condition step is satisfied; the starting condition is: the heat pump compressor is stopped for more than 3 minutes before the start of the heat pump compressor .
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the frequency conversion protection method and the oil return control protection method solve the problem that the industry does not have an effective method for extending the service life of the heat pump compressor, and the service life of the heat pump compressor is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between steps of a protection method during operation of a heat pump compressor
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship of steps of the initial startup protection method.
  • a protection method during operation of a heat pump compressor in this embodiment, a heat pump compressor with a limit frequency of 120 Hz is taken as an example to describe a protection method during operation of a heat pump compressor.
  • the limit frequency refers to the upper limit of the rated frequency of the heat pump compressor.
  • the heat pump compressor controller receives the frequency conversion command or the heat pump compressor meets the oil return control condition; the frequency conversion command is received to proceed to step S1, and the oil return control command is received to proceed to step S11; the frequency conversion command is: the heat pump compressor is directed to the target Frequency conversion; the conditions for entering the oil return control are: the heat pump compressor is operated at a frequency lower than one eighth of the limit frequency for 60 consecutive minutes.
  • the heat pump compressor controller controls the heat pump compressor to perform frequency conversion at a speed of 1 Hz per second, and the countdown starts at 10 s;
  • step S2 determining whether the target frequency is reached every 1 s, otherwise proceeding to step S4, the frequency conversion is completed;
  • step S3 determining whether the countdown is over, if yes, proceeding to step S4, otherwise proceeding to step S3;
  • step S5 determining whether the pause frequency conversion reaches 120s, if yes, returning to step S1, otherwise proceeding to step S5;
  • the determination of the return frequency range is most important when determining the center of the range.
  • the determination of the center of the return frequency range is based on a large amount of practical experience, and the determination within the industry is also based on long-term experience.
  • An accurate theoretical value the applicant through a lot of practical experience and test found that when the center of the frequency setting is greater than 65% of the limit frequency, there will be excessive vibration of the heat pump compressor when returning oil, affecting the life of the heat pump compressor, When the center of the frequency is set to be less than 55% of the limit frequency, the oil return may be insufficient. The long-term insufficient oil return may cause the heat pump compressor to easily become stuck and affect the use of the heat pump compressor.
  • the frequency conversion time period is 10 s
  • the time period corresponding to the heat pump compressor suspension frequency conversion is 120 s.
  • other time periods can also be used, and only the ratio of the time length of the frequency conversion period to the time period of the pause frequency conversion is 1:12.
  • variable frequency controller of the heat pump inverter compressor is to convert the alternating current in the power grid into a square wave pulse output.
  • the motor speed at which the compressor is driven can be controlled.
  • the motor speed also rises or falls.
  • the load of the motor will be greater than its constant speed operation, and the longer the acceleration or deceleration, the greater the internal load.
  • the inverter controller is required to ensure a period of time for suspending the frequency conversion.
  • the length of the time period is exactly the length of the motor acceleration or deceleration process. 12 times, when the time length of this time period is less than 12 times the length of the motor acceleration or deceleration process, the motor will not reach the optimal steady state. When the time length of this time period is greater than the length of the motor acceleration or deceleration process At 12 times, although the motor can be stabilized, it takes time resources, so that the heat pump compressor takes too long to complete the frequency conversion.
  • the life test is carried out by using the protection method during the operation of the embodiment and the heat pump compressor without the protection method during the operation.
  • the test environment is: simulating the temperature change in March in Beijing; the test time is: 744 hours; the test mode : The heat pump compressor works continuously; the life evaluation algorithm is: measuring the analogy according to the noise decibel number.
  • an initial startup protection method is further included, and the initial startup protection method includes the following steps:
  • the limit frequency of the heat pump compressor of the embodiment is 120 Hz, so the range of the preheating frequency is 44 Hz-54 Hz; for determining the preheating frequency range, the method of determining the upper limit by first determining the upper limit of the preheating frequency and then fluctuating downward by 10 Hz is adopted.
  • the noise decibel when the upper limit is greater than 45% of the limit frequency, the noise of the heat pump compressor will be too large, and the vibration of the entire heat pump compressor is obvious.
  • the noise frequency of the heat pump compressor should not be greater than the heat pump compressor. 75% of the resonant frequency. When the noise frequency is greater than 75% of the resonant frequency of the heat pump compressor, the heat pump compressor will have a clear sense of aim. As the preheating frequency fluctuates downward by 10Hz, it is an industrially acceptable fluctuation. range.
  • the above initial startup protection method was tested.
  • the test environment was: simulating the temperature change in March in Beijing; the test time was: 744 hours; the test mode: restarting at 48 hours intervals; the life evaluation algorithm was: measuring by noise decibels Analogy calculation.
  • Table 2 shows the comparative data using the initial startup protection method and the initial startup protection method.
  • the unit of life is hour.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法,包括变频过程保护方法和回油控制过程保护方法,变频保护方法包括:在变频过程中每隔一个变频时间段设有一个暂停变频的时间段,变频时间段与暂停变频的时间段的时间长度之比为1∶12;回油控制保护方法包括:在满足回油控制条件后将热泵压缩机变频到回油频率,回油控制条件为:热泵压缩机连续60分钟均运行在低于八分之一极限频率的频率中,回油频率的范围为:以极限频率的60%为中心上下波动5Hz。采用变频保护方法和回油控制保护方法解决了行业内没有一套有效的专门针对延长热泵压缩机使用寿命的方法的行业现状,提高了热泵压缩机的使用寿命。

Description

一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法
技术领域
本发明涉及热泵系统技术领域,特别涉及一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法。
背景技术
热泵压缩机是整个热泵系统的核心部件,现在的热泵压缩机最容易出现问题并影响其使用寿命的动作为热泵压缩机变频动作,现有的热泵压缩机的变频控制方式为分档频率控制法。
所述分档频率控制法主要是将整个热泵压缩机运行频率范围分成多个频率档,每档之间相差几赫兹或十几赫兹,一定的温差对应于相应的频率档,温差有变化时,频率就上升或下降一档或多档。
然而这种分档频率控制法在档位升降的过程中一般采用直接线性升降的方式,所谓线性升降指的是以恒定的速度进行升降频率从而达到目标档位。
现在的热泵压缩机厂商并没有过多的从变频控制的角度来考虑热泵压缩机使用寿命的问题,而且现在很多生产热泵压缩机的企业前身都是生产空调变频压缩机,所以在对热泵压缩机的控制中,现在很多的热泵压缩机依然沿用空调变频压缩机的控制方法,由于空调变频压缩机使用时间短,一般都是在夏季天气较热的时候使用,因此其使用寿命不需要过多的考虑,然而热泵压缩机则一天24小时都在使用,因此热泵压缩机不能沿用空调变频压缩机那一套方法,急需要设计一套专门保护热泵压缩机从而延长其使用寿命的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决目前热泵压缩机行业内没有一套有效的专门针对延长热泵压缩机使用寿命的方法的行业现状。
本发明解决其技术问题的解决方案是:一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法,包括变频过程保护方法和回油控制过程保护方法,所述变频保护方法包括:在变频过程中每隔一个变频时间段设有一个暂停变频的时间段,所述变频时间段与暂停变频的时间段的时间长度之比为1:12;所述回油控制保护方法包括:在满足回油控制条件后将热泵压缩机变频到回油频率,所述回油控制条件为:热泵压缩机连续60分钟均运行在低于八分之一极限频率的频率中,所述回油频率的范围为:以极限频率的60%为中心上下波动5Hz。
进一步,还包括初始启动保护方法,所述初始启动保护方法包括步骤:启动热泵压缩机;将热泵压缩机的频率变频到预热频率;所述预热频率的范围为:以极限频率的45%为上限向下波动10Hz。
进一步,在所述变频时间段内以单位速度进行变频,所述单位速度为1Hz每秒。
进一步,在所述初始启动保护方法中的启动热泵压缩机步骤之前还包括判断是否满足启动条件步骤;所述启动条件为:热泵压缩机在启动之前保持连续的3分钟以上的热泵压缩机停止状态。
本发明的有益效果是:采用变频保护方法和回油控制保护方法解决了行业内没有一套有效的专门针对延长热泵压缩机使用寿命的方法的行业现状,提高了热泵压缩机的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单说明。显然,所描述的附图只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他设计方案和附图。
图1是热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法的步骤关系示意图;
图2是初始启动保护方法的步骤关系示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例和附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然,所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明的实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。另外,文中所提到的所有联接连接关系,并非单指构件直接相接,而是指可根据具体实施情况,通过添加或减少联接辅件,来组成更优的联接结构。本发明创造中的各个技术特征,在不互相矛盾冲突的前提下可以交互组合。
实施例1,参考图1,一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法,本实施例以极限频率为120Hz的热泵压缩机为例对一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法进行描述,所述极限频率指的是热泵压缩机额定频率的上限,步骤如下:
S0:热泵压缩机控制器收到变频指令或热泵压缩机满足回油控制条件;收到变频指令进入步骤S1,收到回油控制指令进入步骤S11;所述变频指令为:热泵压缩机向目标频率变频;所述进入回油控制的条件为:热泵压缩机连续60分钟均运行在低于八分之一极限频率的频率中。
S1:热泵压缩机控制器控制热泵压缩机以1Hz每秒的速度进行变频,倒计时10s开始;
S2:每隔1s判断是否达到目标频率,否则进入步骤S4,是则完成变频;
S3:判断倒计时是否结束,是则进入步骤S4,否则继续步骤S3;
S4:热泵压缩机暂停变频120s;
S5:判断暂停变频是否达到120s,是则返回步骤S1,否则继续步骤S5;
S11:将热泵压缩机的频率变频到回油频率中运行3分钟;所述回油频率的范围为:以极限频率的60%为中心上下波动5Hz,当极限频率为120Hz时,则回油频率的范围为67Hz-77Hz,由于对于回油频率来说,具有5Hz的上下波动并不影响到回油的质量,而是稍微影响到回油控制结束的时间,因此上下5Hz的波动属于工业应用中允许的范围。本实施例中的回油频率的范围为67Hz-77Hz。
回油频率范围的确定最重要的时其范围中心的确定,然而回油频率范围的中心的确定是通过大量的实际经验积累,而且行业内对其的确定也是通过长期以往的经验所得,并没有一个准确的理论值,申请人通过大量实践经验和测试发现:当频率的中心设置大于极限频率的65%的时候,会出现回油时热泵压缩机的振动过大,影响热泵压缩机的寿命,当频率的中心设置小于极限频率的55%的时候,则会出现回油不充分的情况,长期的不充分的回油会使得热泵压缩机容易出现卡缸的现象,影响热泵压缩机的使用。
本实施例以10Hz为一个阶段,所以变频时间段为10s,与此相对应热泵压缩机暂停变频的时间段为120s。当然也可以采用其他时间段,只需满足变频时间段与暂停变频的时间段的时间长度之比为1:12就可以了。
由于热泵变频压缩机的变频控制器的原理是将电网中的交流电转换成方波脉冲输出。通过调节方波脉冲的频率,就可以控制驱动压缩机的电机转速。当频率上升或下降,电机转速也相应上升或下降,当电机转速以一定的加速度上升或下降时,电机的负荷将大于其匀速运行,而且加速或减速的时间越长,其内部负荷越大,为了减少电机负荷,在电机加速后需要保持一段时间的匀速运行,为了保证这个匀速运行则需要变频控制器保证一段暂停变频的时间,该时间段的时间长度正好是电机加速或减速过程时间长度的12倍,当这个时间段的时间长度小于电机加速或减速过程时间长度的12倍时,电机会并不能达到最优的稳定状态,当这个时间段的时间长度大于电机加速或减速过程时间长度的12倍时,虽然电机可以稳定了,但是耗费了时间资源,使得热泵压缩机完成变频的时间过长。
以采用本实施例的运行过程中保护方法和没有采用运行过程中保护方法的热泵压缩机进行寿命测试,测试环境为:模拟北京地区的3月份的气温变化;测试时间为:744小时;测试模式:热泵压缩机连续工作;寿命的评估算法为:按噪音分贝数测量类比测算。
得到的测试的数据如表1,其中寿命的单位为小时。
方案对比 样机1 的寿命 样机2的寿命 样机3的寿命
没有采用保护方法 14200 14600 14500
采用了保护方法 17892 17896 18023
表1
从表1可知采用运行过程中保护方法的热泵压缩机的平均寿命比没有采用运行过程中保护方法的平均寿命长24.2%。
从表1可知,运行过程中保护方法对延长热泵压缩机寿命具有显著的效果。
参考图2,作为优化,还包括初始启动保护方法,所述初始启动保护方法包括步骤:
S21:检测热泵压缩机启动之前是否保持3分钟的热泵压缩机停止状态。
S22:启动热泵压缩机;
S23:将热泵压缩机的频率变频到预热频率。本实施例热泵压缩机的极限频率为120Hz,所以预热频率的范围为44Hz-54Hz;对于预热频率范围的确定采用先确定预热频率上限,然后向下波动10Hz的方法,确定上限的方法按照噪音分贝来确定,当上限大于极限频率的45%时,热泵压缩机的噪声就会过大,整个热泵压缩机振动明显,一般来说,热泵压缩机发出的噪声频率不应大于热泵压缩机的共振频率的75%,当噪声频率大于热泵压缩机的共振频率的75%的时候,热泵压缩机就会出现明显的针对感,至于预热频率向下波动10Hz则是属于工业上允许的波动范围。
对上述初始启动保护方法进行测试,测试环境为:模拟北京地区的3月份的气温变化;测试时间为:744小时;测试模式:间隔48小时重新启动;寿命的评估算法为:按噪音分贝数测量类比测算。
得到的测试的数据如表2,表2为采用初始启动保护方法和没有采用初始启动保护方法的对比数据。其中寿命的单位为小时。
方案对比 样机1 的寿命 样机2的寿命 样机3的寿命
没有初始启动保护方法 17887 17890 18025
有初始启动保护方法 17992 17988 18108
表2
从表2可知采用初始启动保护方法的热泵压缩机的平均寿命比没有采用初始启动保护方法的平均寿命长0.5%。
以上对本发明的较佳实施方式进行了具体说明,但本发明创造并不限于所述实施例,熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做出种种的等同变型或替换,这些等同的变型或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法,其特征在于:包括变频过程保护方法和回油控制过程保护方法,所述变频保护方法包括:在变频过程中每隔一个变频时间段设有一个暂停变频的时间段,所述变频时间段与暂停变频的时间段的时间长度之比为1:12;所述回油控制保护方法包括:在满足回油控制条件后将热泵压缩机变频到回油频率,所述回油控制条件为:热泵压缩机连续60分钟均运行在低于八分之一极限频率的频率中,所述回油频率的范围为:以极限频率的60%为中心上下波动5Hz。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法,其特征在于:还包括初始启动保护方法,所述初始启动保护方法包括步骤:启动热泵压缩机;将热泵压缩机的频率变频到预热频率;所述预热频率的范围为:以极限频率的45%为上限向下波动10Hz。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法,其特征在于:在所述变频时间段内以单位速度进行变频,所述单位速度为1Hz每秒。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种热泵压缩机运行过程中的保护方法,其特征在于:在所述初始启动保护方法中的启动热泵压缩机步骤之前还包括判断是否满足启动条件步骤;所述启动条件为:热泵压缩机在启动之前保持连续的3分钟以上的热泵压缩机停止状态。
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