WO2018214233A1 - 散热窗组件及无人飞行器 - Google Patents
散热窗组件及无人飞行器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018214233A1 WO2018214233A1 PCT/CN2017/090944 CN2017090944W WO2018214233A1 WO 2018214233 A1 WO2018214233 A1 WO 2018214233A1 CN 2017090944 W CN2017090944 W CN 2017090944W WO 2018214233 A1 WO2018214233 A1 WO 2018214233A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat dissipation
- memory alloy
- alloy member
- heat
- window assembly
- Prior art date
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 192
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 89
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and more particularly to a heat dissipation window assembly and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a device that generates a large amount of heat, such as a processor, a working circuit, and a motor.
- a device that generates a large amount of heat such as a processor, a working circuit, and a motor.
- one or more heat-dissipating ports are usually disposed on the outer casing of the body, and the heat-dissipating port can pass through the outside cold air to ventilate and heat the heat-generating device.
- unmanned aerial vehicles are usually used for outdoor flight, when encountering environmental conditions during take-off and landing, transportation, or flight, external dust and moisture may enter the inside of the casing from the heat dissipation port and affect the normal operation of the internal components.
- the invention provides a heat dissipation window assembly and an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can prevent external dust and moisture from entering the interior of the device.
- the present invention provides a heat dissipation window assembly for dissipating heat for a heat source, including a housing, a heat sink, and a driving mechanism.
- the housing is provided with at least one heat dissipation hole, and the driving mechanism and the heat sink are connected for driving heat dissipation.
- the sheet covers or is removed from the vent.
- the driving mechanism comprises a transmission component and a driving component capable of providing a driving force
- the heat sink is disposed on the transmission component
- the driving component and the transmission component are connected to drive the transmission component to drive the heat sink to move.
- the drive assembly includes at least one memory alloy member, one end of the memory alloy member When the other end of the memory alloy member is connected to the transmission member and the length between the two ends of the memory alloy member is changed, the transmission member drives the heat sink to move under the pulling of the memory alloy.
- the memory alloy member and the heat source have heat conduction, and the length between the ends of the memory alloy member can vary with the temperature of the memory alloy member.
- the distance between the ends of the memory alloy member is shortened as the temperature of the memory alloy member increases.
- the heat dissipation window assembly further includes an electrical connection between the controller, the controller and the memory alloy member, and the length between the two ends of the memory alloy member can be changed according to the energization state of the memory alloy member.
- the driving component further includes an elastic member disposed at an end of the transmission member away from the memory alloy member, one end of the elastic member is coupled to the housing, and the other end of the elastic member is coupled to the transmission member, and the elastic direction of the elastic member is The direction of the force generated by the deformation of the memory alloy member due to its own deformation is opposite.
- the elastic member is a spring.
- the driving component includes a first memory alloy member and a second memory alloy member, and the first memory alloy member and the second memory alloy member are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the moving direction of the transmission member, and the first memory alloy member
- the direction of change in length as a function of temperature is opposite to the direction in which the length of the second memory alloy member changes with temperature.
- the driving component includes a first memory alloy member and a second memory alloy member, the first memory alloy member and the second memory alloy member are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the moving direction of the transmission member, and the first memory alloy member and The second memory alloy member has different energization states.
- the driving component comprises an electric motor and a gear transmission mechanism, wherein the electric motor is connected to the transmission component through a gear transmission mechanism;
- the gear transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a rack, the gear is disposed on the output shaft of the electric motor, and the rack is fixedly connected with the transmission component, And the rack meshes with the gear, and the length direction of the rack is the same as the moving direction of the transmission member.
- one end of the heat sink is hinged to the housing through the rotating shaft, and the heat sink is movably connected with one end of the transmission member away from the rotating shaft.
- the angle of the heat sink relative to the housing changes to cover the heat dissipation hole or Remove from the vents.
- the heat sink and the heat dissipation holes are at least two, and the number of the heat dissipation fins is equal to the number of the heat dissipation holes, and each of the heat dissipation fins corresponds to one heat dissipation hole.
- the housing includes an opening and a bottom plate that is disposed on the opening, and the heat dissipation hole is opened on the bottom plate.
- the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle comprising a heat source and a heat dissipation window assembly as described above, the heat source being located in a cavity of the housing of the heat dissipation window assembly.
- the heat dissipation window assembly and the unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention are used for dissipating heat for a heat source.
- the heat dissipation window assembly specifically includes a housing, a heat sink and a driving mechanism, and the housing is provided with at least one heat dissipation hole, a driving mechanism and a heat sink. Connected to drive the heat sink to cover the heat sink or remove it from the heat sink. In this way, the heat dissipation window assembly can open the heat dissipation hole when heat is required, and close the heat dissipation hole in other states to prevent external dust and moisture from entering.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat dissipation window assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a heat dissipation window assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of the portion A in Figure 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a driving component in another heat dissipation window assembly according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving component in another heat dissipation window assembly according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat dissipation window assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 2 is a schematic exploded view of a heat dissipation window assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing a portion A in Fig. 1.
- the heat dissipation window assembly provided in this embodiment is used for dissipating heat for a heat source.
- the heat dissipation window assembly specifically includes a housing 1 , a heat sink 2 and a driving mechanism 3 , and at least one of the housing 1 is opened.
- the heat dissipation hole 11 and the driving mechanism 3 are connected to the heat sink 2 for driving the heat sink 2 to cover the heat dissipation hole 11 or to be removed from the heat dissipation hole 11.
- the housing 1 can generally be an outer casing of an unmanned aerial vehicle or other movable device, or at least a portion of the outer casing, such that the surface of the housing 1 is typically located outside of an unmanned aerial vehicle or other movable device.
- the heat dissipation window assembly is also It can be a separate unit. At this time, the housing 1 of the heat dissipation window assembly and the outer casing of the UAV are separated and can be removed from the outer casing of the UAV for independent maintenance or replacement.
- the housing 1 in the heat dissipation window assembly may further include an opening and a cover.
- the upper bottom plate and the heat dissipation hole 11 are opened on the bottom plate.
- the bottom plate in the heat dissipation window assembly can be detached from the opening to separately repair and maintain the heat dissipation hole, the heat sink or the driving mechanism.
- the housing 1 of the heat dissipation window assembly may be integrated with the outer casing of the UAV, or may be connected to the outer casing of the UAV as a detachable unit.
- At least one heat dissipation hole 11 is defined in the housing 1 of the heat dissipation window assembly, and the heat dissipation hole 11 penetrates through the inner surface of the housing 1 and the two sides of the outer surface, so that air can flow inside and outside the housing 1 through the heat dissipation hole 11, so that
- the heat source in the housing 1 is, for example, a device or device for ventilation and heat dissipation.
- the heat dissipation window assembly further includes a heat sink 2 and a driving mechanism 3.
- the driving mechanism 3 and the heat sink 2 are connected together, and can drive the heat sink 2 to move, so that the heat sink 2 covers the heat dissipation hole 11 and the heat dissipation hole 11 is closed; or removed from the heat dissipation hole 11, so that the heat dissipation hole 11 can be opened and normal heat dissipation work is performed.
- the heat dissipation hole 11 opened in the casing 1 may be an air inlet for guiding the airflow into the interior of the casing 1, or an air outlet for releasing the airflow inside the casing 1 to the outside.
- the heat sink 2 is removed from the heat dissipation hole 11, so that the heat dissipation hole 11 is in an open state, and normal heat dissipation is performed.
- the heat sink 2 in the heat dissipation window assembly can be covered on the heat dissipation hole 11 by the driving mechanism 3, so that the heat dissipation hole 11 is in a closed state. At this time, external dust and moisture are blocked by the fins 2, and thus cannot enter the inside of the casing 1 through the heat dissipation holes 11.
- the heat dissipation fins 2 and the heat dissipation holes 11 are at least two, and the number of the heat dissipation fins 2 is equal to the number of the heat dissipation holes 11, and each of the heat dissipation fins 2 corresponds to one heat dissipation hole 11 .
- the heat dissipation holes 11 can be arranged in a straight line. On the line, the heat sink 2 is disposed corresponding to the position of the heat dissipation hole 11 so that the driving mechanism drives the heat sink 2.
- the driving mechanism 3 generally includes a transmission member 31 and a driving assembly 32 capable of providing a driving force.
- the heat sink 2 is disposed on the transmission member 31, and the driving assembly 32 and the transmission member 31 are connected.
- the driving assembly 32 can be used to drive the transmission member 31 to move, and thereby drive the heat sink 2 to move.
- the movement of the driving mechanism 3 usually follows a certain mechanism, for example, the driving component 32 and the electrical control components in the driving mechanism 3 can be connected. And controlling the driving force of the driving component 32, the driving force direction, and the like by the command signal sent by the user, or directly changing the shape or structure of the driving component 32 by physical effects such as temperature, thereby generating the driving force of the driving component 32. Change, etc.
- the drive assembly 32 can include at least one memory alloy member 321 having one end secured to the housing 1 and the other end of the memory alloy member 321 and the transmission member 31.
- the transmission member 31 drives the heat sink 2 to move under the pulling of the memory alloy member 321.
- the memory alloy member 321 is a structural member formed of a shape memory alloy, which can be deformed in the initial environment when the external environment is changed, thereby restoring to the original shape before the deformation. Therefore, the shape of the memory alloy member 321 can be changed by changing the environmental parameters of the memory alloy member such as the temperature, and the transmission member 31 and the heat sink 2 can be moved. Alternatively, other environmental quantities such as energization can be changed. The shape of the memory alloy member 321 is changed.
- the heat dissipation window assembly is used to dissipate heat from the device or component in the housing 1, when the movable device such as the UAV is in operation, the ambient temperature at which the heat dissipation window assembly is placed may change accordingly.
- the shape of the memory alloy member 321 can be directly controlled or driven by a change in temperature.
- the memory alloy member 321 has heat conduction with the heat source, and the length between both ends of the memory alloy member 321 can be changed as the temperature of the memory alloy member 321 changes.
- the memory alloy member 321 is generally received by a heat source by means of heat conduction.
- the heat for example, can be directly connected to a heat source such as a heat generating component to realize heat conduction, or indirectly to conduct heat conduction or the like through a heat conductive material such as a heat conductive glue or a heat pipe.
- the memory alloy member 321 may be generally rod-shaped or linear, and the direction in which the shape is changed is selected to be the same as the length direction thereof, so that when the temperature is changed, the memory alloy member 321 There is a relatively obvious deformation in the longitudinal direction, so that both ends of the memory alloy member 321 can be respectively connected between the housing 1 and the transmission member 31.
- the temperature of the memory alloy member 321 changes, between the ends of the memory alloy member 321 The length has a large change, such as a significant elongation or a noticeable shortening.
- the memory alloy member 321 can move the transmission member 31 and the heat sink 2 to change the opening and closing state of the heat dissipation hole 11.
- the shape and structure of the memory alloy member 321 and the deformation process of the memory alloy member 321 can be simplified; Due to its material properties, the memory alloy member 321 usually has a certain deformation at an initial lower temperature, and when heated by heat conduction or direct heating, the original deformation disappears, thereby restoring the shape before deformation. Therefore, the distance between both ends of the memory alloy member 321 should be shortened or elongated as the temperature of the memory alloy member 321 rises.
- the structure of the memory alloy member 321 and the recovery of the memory alloy member 321 from the deformed state are relatively simple, and the reliability of the drive is high.
- the movable device of the unmanned aerial vehicle or the like since the movable device of the unmanned aerial vehicle or the like is in operation, a device or a component inside the casing 1 generates a large amount of heat to form a heat source, and thus the memory alloy member 321 is changed by the temperature of the memory alloy member 321
- the shape, and thus the manner in which the transmission member 31 and the fins 2 are moved, the operating state of the device such as the unmanned aerial vehicle can be known based on the temperature change of the memory alloy member 321, and the opening and closing state of the heat dissipation hole 11 can be controlled.
- the heat dissipation hole 11 of the heat dissipation window assembly is closed, the heat dissipation plate 2 is covered on the heat dissipation hole 11, and the memory alloy member 321 for driving the heat dissipation plate 2 is in a normal state;
- the heat source is dissipated, the memory alloy member 321 is changed in length due to heat, and the heat sink 2 is controlled to be removed from the heat dissipation hole 11 to make the heat dissipation hole.
- the opening and closing state of the heat dissipation hole 11 can be automatically changed without requiring the user or the control device to issue an instruction, and the adaptability is strong.
- a controller (not shown) may be further included in the heat dissipation window assembly, and the controller and the memory alloy member 321 are electrically connected, and the memory alloy member 321 is The length between the both ends can vary depending on the energization state of the memory alloy member 321.
- a nickel-titanium alloy or the like may be used to constitute the memory alloy member, and when energized, the nickel-titanium alloy may contract, and thus the shape of the memory alloy member 321 can be changed with the energization state.
- the memory alloy member 321 is generally rod-shaped or linear, so that when the temperature is changed, the memory alloy member 321 is The longitudinal direction has a relatively obvious deformation, so that the two ends of the memory alloy member 321 in the longitudinal direction are respectively connected to the housing 1 and the transmission member 31, and the length of the memory alloy member 321 is changed by energization or power-off, thereby driving The transmission member 31 and the heat sink 2 are moved to realize the opening and closing operation of the heat dissipation hole 11.
- a controller, a controller and the memory alloy member 321 may be electrically connected to each other in the heat dissipation window assembly, and an electric current may be introduced into the memory alloy member 321.
- the energization state of the memory alloy member 321 can be controlled by the electrical signal emitted by the controller, thereby driving the movement of the heat sink 2.
- the user can change the opening and closing state of the heat dissipation hole 11 by issuing a command signal to the controller, or can be controlled by the control logic of the movable device itself such as an unmanned aerial vehicle.
- the opening and closing state of the heat dissipation hole 11 in the heat dissipation window assembly can be controlled according to different requirements or conditions, and the degree of control freedom is high.
- the driving component 32 uses the deformation of the memory alloy member 321 to open the heat dissipation hole 11; in the normal state, the movable device such as the UAV is in a storage or shutdown state, in this case, Avoid outside dust or moisture
- the heat dissipation hole 11 enters the inside of the device, the heat dissipation hole 11 is generally kept in a closed state. Therefore, the driving assembly 32 should be capable of applying and opening the heat dissipation hole 11 with another force in the opposite direction of the force direction, so that the heat sink 2 is in a normal state. The heat dissipation hole 11 is kept closed, or after the heat dissipation is completed, reclosing is over the heat dissipation hole 11.
- the driving assembly 32 can also assist in providing a driving force opposite to the direction in which the force of the vent hole is opened by other components to ensure that the vent hole 11 can be normally closed.
- the drive assembly 32 can provide a force opposing the direction of the force that opens the louver 11 in a number of different manners.
- the drive assembly 32 in order to apply a force opposite to the direction of the force when the heat dissipation hole 11 is opened, the drive assembly 32 generally further includes an elastic member 322 disposed on the transmission member 31 away from the memory alloy member 321 . At one end, one end of the elastic member 322 is connected to the housing 1, and the other end of the elastic member 322 is connected to the transmission member 31, and the elastic direction of the elastic member 322 is opposite to the direction of the force generated by the memory alloy member 321 due to its deformation.
- the heat sink 2 can generally be covered on the heat dissipation hole 11 by the elastic force of the elastic member 322, so that the heat dissipation hole 11 is in a closed state, and when the memory alloy member 321 is deformed due to temperature change or energization, the memory alloy member
- the deformation force of 321 can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 322, and drive the transmission member 31 to move, so that the heat sink 2 is removed from the heat dissipation hole 11 and dissipated heat, and at this time, the elastic member 322 is subjected to the force of the transmission member 31, and itself
- the elastic potential energy is continuously accumulated; when the heat dissipation is completed, when the heat dissipation hole 11 needs to be closed, the memory alloy member 321 returns to the original shape, and the transmission member 31 loses the force of the memory alloy member 321 , that is, under the elastic potential energy of the elastic member 322 Return to the original position and re-cover on the heat dissipation hole 11.
- the general elastic member 322 may be a spring, such as a compression spring or a tension spring, and the deformation direction of the spring is parallel to the deformation direction of the memory alloy member 321 or on the same straight line, so that the direction of the memory alloy member 321 can be provided. The force.
- the transmission member 1 can be fixed in the original position before the deformation or the deformation of the memory alloy member 321 occurs. Therefore, it can be ensured that the heat dissipation hole 11 is in a closed state in the case of storage or the like, and dust or external moisture is prevented from entering the heat dissipation hole 11.
- the fins 2 can be smoothly pushed, the fins 2 and the transmission member 31, and the fins 2 and the housing 1 can have various connection modes and relative positions.
- one end of the heat sink 2 and the housing 1 can be hinged by a rotating shaft, and the heat sink 2 has a movable connection with one end of the transmission member 31 away from the rotating shaft, and the heat sink 2 is opposite to the housing 1 when the transmission member 31 moves. The angle is changed to cover or remove from the heat dissipation hole 11.
- the heat sink 2 can change the relative position between itself and the heat dissipation hole 11 by rotating, so that the heat dissipation hole 2 can be opened or closed, the structure is relatively simple, and the heat dissipation fin 11 and the heat dissipation hole 2 are less likely to move.
- the phenomenon of position, misalignment, etc., is more reliable for opening or closing the heat dissipation hole 2.
- the heat dissipation window assembly is configured to dissipate heat for the heat source.
- the heat dissipation window assembly specifically includes a housing, a heat sink and a driving mechanism.
- the housing is provided with at least one heat dissipation hole, and the driving mechanism and the heat sink are connected to drive the heat dissipation.
- the sheet covers or is removed from the vent. In this way, the heat dissipation window assembly can open the heat dissipation hole when heat is required, and close the heat dissipation hole in other states to prevent external dust and moisture from entering.
- the driving assembly 32 includes a first memory alloy member 321a and a second memory alloy member 321b, and the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are respectively disposed in the moving direction of the transmission member 31. At both ends, the length of the first memory alloy member 321a changes with temperature and the direction of change of the length of the second memory alloy member 321b with temperature changes.
- both the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b can be correspondingly deformed by sensing the change in temperature, and the specific manner in which the shape of the single memory alloy member changes with temperature has been performed in the foregoing embodiment. Detailed description is not repeated here.
- the shape of the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b in the driving assembly 32 change in the opposite direction with temperature, for example, when the temperature is changed.
- the first memory alloy member 321a tends to elongate while the second memory alloy member 321b produces a shortened deformation tendency.
- the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b can be respectively disposed at opposite ends of the moving direction of the transmission member 31. Since the deformation tendency of the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b with temperature changes is opposite, when the temperature changes, for example, rises, the first memory alloy member 321a is elongated, and the second memory alloy member 321b is shortened, Alternatively, the first memory alloy member 321a is shortened, and the second memory alloy member 321b is elongated. Thus, the transmission member 31 moves toward the shorter one of the two memory alloy members and drives the heat sink 2 to move.
- the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are both deformed in the opposite direction to the original, thereby driving the transmission member 31 to be reset.
- the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b can apply a force to the direction to drive the transmission member 31 to move in the direction, thereby completing the heat dissipation holes 11 respectively. Turn the operation on or off.
- the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are all in the same environment, and thus the temperature change tendency is also uniform. At this time, the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b having different deformation trends can be used to drive the transmission member 31 in different directions under different temperature conditions by using deformation of different memory alloy members. Move to open or close the vents.
- the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are capable of providing sufficient force in the direction of restoring deformation as with the independent memory alloy member.
- the driving component 32 still includes a first memory alloy member 321a and a second memory alloy member 321b, and the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are respectively disposed on the transmission member.
- the opposite ends of the moving direction of 31 differ from the foregoing embodiment in that the energization states of the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are different.
- the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are each formed of a memory alloy that is deformable in an energized state.
- the specific manner in which the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are deformed with the energized state has been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be described herein.
- the controller may issue different signals to make the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b have different energization states.
- one of the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b is not energized, and the other is energized, at which time the transmission member 31 is moved toward the deformation direction of the energized memory alloy member, and the state of the heat dissipation hole is changed. Since the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b are located at opposite ends of the moving direction of the transmission member 31, when the first memory alloy member 321a or the second memory alloy member 321b is energized, the transmission member 31 is along The moving direction is moved, and the heat dissipation hole 11 is opened or closed.
- the energization state of the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b is different, when one of the first memory alloy member 321a and the second memory alloy member 321b is energized, the other one is not energized and does not undergo deformation. At this time, it is possible to prevent the movement of the transmission member 31 from being affected by the memory alloy member which is not deformed by providing a one-way sliding structure or other movable connection structure.
- the driving assembly includes a first memory alloy member and a second memory alloy member, and the first memory alloy member and the second memory alloy member are respectively disposed at opposite ends of the moving direction of the transmission member, and when the temperature or the power is on When changing, the direction of the change of the length of the first memory alloy member is opposite to the direction of the length of the second memory alloy member, so that under different conditions, the deformation of the different memory alloy members is used to respectively drive the transmission member to move in different directions, thereby The vent hole is opened or closed, and the driving method is relatively reliable.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving component in another heat dissipation window assembly according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the drive assembly 32 includes a motor 323 and a gearing mechanism 324.
- the motor 323 is coupled to the transmission member 31 via a gearing mechanism 323;
- the gearing mechanism 324 includes The gear 3241 and the rack 3242, the gear 3241 is disposed on the output shaft of the motor 323, the rack 3242 is fixedly connected with the transmission member 31, and the rack 3242 is meshed with the gear 3241, and the longitudinal direction of the rack 3242 and the movement of the transmission member 31 The same direction.
- the motor 323 in the driving component 32 serves as a power component in the driving component 32, and can rotate a certain angle or number of turns according to an electrical signal, thereby driving the heat sink 2 to move. Since the transmission member 31 generally moves the fin 2 by translational motion, in order to convert the rotational motion of the motor 323 into the translational movement of the transmission member 31, the drive assembly 32 further includes a gear transmission mechanism 324.
- the gear 3241 of the gear transmission mechanism 324 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 323, and the rack 3242 and the transmission member 31 are fixed together, so that the gear 3241 can be driven to mesh with the gear 3241 when the rotation of the motor 323 is driven by the output shaft.
- the rack 3242 performs a translational movement and changes the position of the transmission member 31.
- the driving assembly for driving the movement of the heat sink comprises an electric motor and a gear transmission mechanism, wherein the electric motor is connected to the transmission member through a gear transmission mechanism; the gear transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a rack, and the gear is disposed on the output shaft of the electric motor.
- the rack is fixedly connected with the transmission member, and the rack meshes with the gear, and the length direction of the rack is the same as the moving direction of the transmission member.
- the heat sink can be driven by a power component such as a motor to open or close the heat dissipation hole.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle provided in this embodiment includes a heat source and a heat dissipation window assembly 10 according to the foregoing first to third embodiments.
- the heat source is located in the inner cavity of the housing of the heat dissipation window assembly 10.
- the heat source of the unmanned aerial vehicle includes a working device or a working component such as a battery and a circuit board, and the working component as a heat source is disposed in the inner cavity of the housing of the heat dissipation window assembly 10, thereby being isolated from the environment of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
- the heat dissipation window assembly 10 can provide convective heat dissipation for the heat source to prevent heat from accumulating inside the UAV.
- the heat dissipation window assembly 10 can be disposed at a plurality of locations according to the design requirements of the UAV shape, for example, the bottom, front, and the like of the UAV. Further, the heat dissipation window assembly 10 is disposed at the position of the air inlet of the UAV.
- the heat sink in the heat dissipation window assembly 10 can be moved according to the operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the heat dissipation holes in the heat dissipation window assembly 10 are opened or closed to respectively dissipate heat for the unmanned aerial vehicle, or to avoid external dust or moisture. Enter the interior of the UAV.
- the unmanned aerial vehicle includes a heat source and a heat dissipation window assembly, and the heat source is located in a cavity of the housing of the heat dissipation window assembly; wherein the heat dissipation window assembly is configured to dissipate heat for the heat source, and the heat dissipation window assembly specifically includes a housing and a heat sink And a driving mechanism, the housing is provided with at least one heat dissipation hole, and the driving mechanism is connected with the heat sink for driving the heat sink to cover or remove the heat dissipation hole.
- the UAV can open the vents when heat is needed, and The vent hole is closed in other states to prevent external dust and moisture from entering the interior of the UAV, affecting the normal operation of the internal device.
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Abstract
本发明提供一种散热窗组件(10)及无人飞行器。本发明的散热窗组件(10)，用于为热源散热，包括壳体(1)、散热片(2)和驱动机构(3)，所述壳体(1)上开设有至少一个散热孔(11)，所述驱动机构(3)和所述散热片(2)连接，用于带动所述散热片(2)覆盖所述散热孔(11)或者从所述散热孔(11)上移开。本发明能够避免外界灰尘和潮气进入装置内部。
Description
本发明涉及无人飞行器领域，尤其涉及一种散热窗组件及无人飞行器。
随着科技的不断发展，无人飞行器等智能设备越来越多的出现在了人们的生活中。
目前，无人飞行器为了实现飞行控制以及机载设备的操作，在机体内设置有处理器、工作电路以及电机等会大量发热的器件。为了对这些发热器件进行散热，通常在机体的外壳上设置有一个或多个散热口，散热口可以通入外界的冷空气，从而为发热器件进行通风散热。
然而，由于无人飞行器通常用于户外飞行，在起降以及运输存放或者飞行途中遭遇环境恶劣情况时，外界的灰尘和潮气可能会从散热口进入外壳内部，并影响内部器件的正常工作。
发明内容
本发明提供一种散热窗组件及无人飞行器，能够避免外界灰尘和潮气进入装置内部。
第一方面，本发明提供一种散热窗组件，用于为热源散热，包括壳体、散热片和驱动机构，壳体上开设有至少一个散热孔，驱动机构和散热片连接，用于带动散热片覆盖散热孔或者从散热孔上移开。
可选的，驱动机构包括传动件和能够提供驱动力的驱动组件，散热片设置在传动件上，驱动组件和传动件连接，用于驱动传动件，以带动散热片运动。
可选的，驱动组件包括至少一个记忆合金件，记忆合金件的一端
与壳体固定，记忆合金件的另一端和传动件连接，且记忆合金件的两端之间的长度改变时，传动件在记忆合金的拉动下带动散热片移动。
可选的，记忆合金件与热源具有热传导，且记忆合金件的两端之间的长度能够随记忆合金件的温度变化而改变。
可选的，记忆合金件的两端之间的距离随记忆合金件的温度升高而缩短。
可选的，散热窗组件还包括控制器，控制器和记忆合金件之间电连接，且记忆合金件的两端之间的长度能够随记忆合金件的通电状态而改变。
可选的，驱动组件还包括弹性件，弹性件设置在传动件的远离记忆合金件的一端，弹性件的一端与壳体连接，弹性件的另一端与传动件连接，且弹性件的弹力方向与记忆合金件因自身形变而产生的作用力的方向相反。
可选的，弹性件为弹簧。
可选的，驱动组件包括第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件，第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件分别设置在传动件的移动方向的相对两端，且第一记忆合金件的长度随温度改变的变化方向与第二记忆合金件的长度随温度改变的变化方向相反。
可选的，驱动组件包括第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件，第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件分别设置在传动件的移动方向的相对两端，且第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件的通电状态不同。
可选的，驱动组件包括电动机和齿轮传动机构，电动机通过齿轮传动机构与传动件连接；齿轮传动机构包括齿轮和齿条，齿轮穿设在电动机的输出轴上，齿条与传动件固定连接，且齿条与齿轮啮合，齿条的长度方向与传动件的移动方向相同。
可选的，散热片的一端与壳体通过转轴铰接，散热片与传动件的远离转轴的一端具有活动连接，传动件移动时，散热片相对于壳体的角度发生改变，以覆盖散热孔或者从散热孔上移开。
可选的，散热片和散热孔均为至少两个，且散热片的数量和散热孔的数量相等，每个散热片均对应一个散热孔。
可选的，壳体包括开口和盖设在开口上的底板，散热孔开设在底板上。
第二方面，本发明提供一种无人飞行器，包括热源和如上所述的散热窗组件，热源位于散热窗组件的壳体的内腔中。
本发明的散热窗组件及无人飞行器，散热窗组件用于为热源进行散热，散热窗组件具体包括壳体、散热片和驱动机构，壳体上开设有至少一个散热孔，驱动机构和散热片连接，用于带动散热片覆盖散热孔或者从散热孔上移开。这样散热窗组件可以在需要散热时将散热孔打开，而在其它状态下关闭散热孔，避免外界的灰尘和水汽等进入。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例一提供的散热窗组件的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一提供的散热窗组件的爆炸示意图；
图3是图1中A处的局部放大示意图；
图4是本发明实施例二提供的另一种散热窗组件中驱动组件的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例三提供的又一种散热窗组件中驱动组件的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例四提供的一种无人飞行器的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1—壳体；
2—散热片；
3—驱动机构；
10—散热窗组件；
11—散热孔；
31—传动件；
32—驱动组件；
321—记忆合金件；
322—弹性件；
323—电动机；
324—齿轮传动机构；
3241—齿轮；
3242—齿条；
321a—第一记忆合金件；
321b—第二记忆合金件。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是本发明实施例一提供的散热窗组件的结构示意图。图2是本发明实施例一提供的散热窗组件的爆炸示意图。图3是图1中A处的局部放大示意图。如图1至图3所示，本实施例提供的散热窗组件，用于为热源进行散热，散热窗组件具体包括壳体1、散热片2和驱动机构3，壳体1上开设有至少一个散热孔11，驱动机构3和散热片2连接，用于带动散热片2覆盖散热孔11或者从散热孔11上移开。
具体的，壳体1一般可以为无人飞行器或者其它可移动装置的外壳，或者是外壳的至少一部分，因而壳体1的表面通常位于无人飞行器或者其它可移动装置的外侧。此外，可以理解的是，散热窗组件也
可以为独立的单元，此时，散热窗组件的壳体1与无人飞行器的外壳之间为分体式结构，并可从无人飞行器的外壳上拆下，以进行独立的维修或更换。
而作为一种优选的方式，由于散热窗组件中的壳体1一般和无人飞行器等可移动式装置的外壳为一体结构，所以散热窗组件的壳体1还可以包括开口和盖设在开口上的底板，散热孔11开设在底板上。这样散热窗组件中的底板可以从开口上拆下，以单独对散热孔、散热片或者驱动机构进行修理维护。其中，散热窗组件的壳体1既可以和无人飞行器的外壳为一体结构，也可以为作为可拆卸的单元与无人飞行器的外壳连接。
在散热窗组件的壳体1上开设有至少一个散热孔11，该散热孔11贯通壳体1内表面和外边面两侧，因而空气能够通过该散热孔11在壳体1内外流动，从而对壳体1内的热源，例如是装置或设备进行通风散热。此外，散热窗组件还包括有散热片2和驱动机构3，驱动机构3和散热片2连接在一起，并能够带动散热片2移动，以使散热片2覆盖在散热孔11上并将散热孔11关闭；或者从散热孔11上移开，从而让散热孔11能够呈打开状态，并进行正常的散热工作。
其中，开设在壳体1上的散热孔11，既可以是用于引导气流进入壳体1内部的入风口，也可以是将壳体1内部气流释放至外界的出风口。在无人飞行器等可移动设备工作时，散热片2从散热孔11上移开，使得散热孔11呈打开状态，并进行正常散热。而为了避免外界灰尘和水汽从敞开的散热孔11中进入壳体1内部，并对壳体1内部所安置的设备或元件造成影响，当无人飞行器等可移动设备处于起降或者运输或者飞行途中遭遇环境恶劣情况等状态时，散热窗组件中的散热片2可以在驱动机构3的驱使下覆盖在散热孔11上，从而让散热孔11处于关闭状态。此时，外界的灰尘和水汽会被散热片2所阻挡，因而无法通过散热孔11进入壳体1的内部。
一般的，为了保证散热孔11的散热效率，散热片2和散热孔11均为至少两个，且散热片2的数量和散热孔11的数量相等，每个散热片2均对应一个散热孔11。一般的，散热孔11可以排列在一条直
线上，且散热片2对应散热孔11的位置设置，以便驱动机构对散热片2进行驱动。
具体的，为了驱动散热片2移动，驱动机构3一般包括有传动件31和能够提供驱动力的驱动组件32，散热片2设置在传动件31上，而驱动组件32和传动件31连接，这样当需要改变散热孔11的开闭状态时，驱动组件32即可用于驱动传动件31运动，并进而带动散热片2运动。
而为了让散热孔11在不同的使用场合下呈关闭或者打开等不同的状态，驱动机构3的运动通常会遵循一定的机制，例如可将驱动机构3中的驱动组件32和电性控制元件连接，并通过用户所发出的指令信号来控制驱动组件32的驱动力大小和驱动力方向等，或者通过温度等物理作用而直接改变驱动组件32的外形或结构，从而使驱动组件32的驱动力产生变化等。
例如，作为驱动组件32的一种可选的实施方式，驱动组件32可以包括至少一个记忆合金件321，记忆合金件321的一端与壳体1固定，记忆合金件321的另一端和传动件31连接，且记忆合金件321的两端之间的长度改变时，传动件31在记忆合金件321的拉动下带动散热片2移动。其中，记忆合金件321是由形状记忆合金所形成的结构件，其在外界环境改变时，能够消除其在初始环境下的变形，从而复原为在变形之前的原始形状。因而，可以通过改变温度等记忆合金件所处的环境参数，让记忆合金件321的形状发生改变，并带动传动件31以及散热片2移动；或者，也可以通过通电等其它环境量的改变，以使记忆合金件321产生形状变化。
具体的，由于散热窗组件用于为壳体1内的装置或元件进行散热，所以无人飞行器等可移动式装置在工作时，散热窗组件所处的环境温度会产生相应的变化。因而，可以通过温度的改变而直接控制或驱动记忆合金件321的形状发生改变。作为记忆合金件321的一种可选的驱动控制方式，记忆合金件321与热源具有热传导，且记忆合金件321的两端之间的长度能够随记忆合金件321的温度变化而改变。
其中，记忆合金件321一般通过热传导的方式接受热源所发出的
热量，例如可以直接和发热元件等热源连接，从而实现热传导，或者是通过导热胶或者热管等导热材料以间接实现热传导等。
为了提高记忆合金件321的形状对温度改变的敏感度，记忆合金件321通常可以为杆状或者线状，且选择其形状变化的方向与其长度方向一致，因而当温度改变时，记忆合金件321在长度方向具有较为明显的变形，因此可以将记忆合金件321的两端分别连接在壳体1和传动件31之间，当记忆合金件321的温度变化时，记忆合金件321两端之间的长度具有较大改变，如明显伸长或者明显变短。随着记忆合金件321两端之间长度的改变，记忆合金件321即可带动传动件31以及散热片2移动，从而改变散热孔11的开闭状态。
一般的，为了避免因记忆合金件321变形过程过于复杂而造成的记忆合金件321变形不到位的现象，可简化记忆合金件321的形状结构以及记忆合金件321的变形过程；同时，由于记忆合金本身的材料特性，记忆合金件321通常会在初始的较低温度时具有一定的变形，而当经热传导或直接加热等方式加热升温时，原先的变形消失，从而恢复变形前的形状。因此，记忆合金件321的两端之间的距离应随记忆合金件321的温度升高而缩短或伸长。这样可以让记忆合金件321的初始变形为简单的拉伸变形，这样当记忆合金件321被加热后，原先的拉伸或压缩变形会消失，使得记忆合金件321恢复至原先的长度。这样记忆合金件321的结构以及记忆合金件321从变形状态恢复的过程较为简单，驱动的可靠性较高。
在本实施例中，因为无人飞行器等可移动式移动设备在工作时，壳体1内部的设备或元件会产生大量热量，形成热源，因而通过记忆合金件321的温度而改变记忆合金件321的形状，并由此驱动传动件31和散热片2移动的方式，可以根据记忆合金件321的温度改变而获知无人飞行器等设备的工作状态，并控制散热孔11的开闭状态。以无人飞行器为例，一般状态下，散热窗组件的散热孔11关闭，散热片2覆盖在散热孔11上，且用于驱动散热片2的记忆合金件321为正常状态；当散热窗组件对热源进行散热时，记忆合金件321会因受热而产生长度变化，并控制散热片2从散热孔11移开，使散热孔
11呈打开状态；而当无人飞行器等设备停止工作，则壳体1内部的工作元件不再发热，此时，记忆合金件321的温度下降，其形状也回复至正常温度下的形状，并再次控制散热片2覆盖在散热孔11上，避免灰尘或者雨滴等从散热孔11进入壳体1内部。这样通过温度控制记忆合金件321的形变，能够自动对散热孔11的开闭状态进行改变，而不需要用户或者控制装置发出指令，自适应性较强。
而作为记忆合金件321的另外一种驱动控制方式，在散热窗组件中还可以包括控制器(图中未示出)，控制器和记忆合金件321之间电连接，且记忆合金件321的两端之间的长度能够随记忆合金件321的通电状态而改变。此时，可以选用镍钛合金等构成记忆合金件，当通电时，镍钛合金会产生收缩，因而记忆合金件321的形状能够随着通电状态而发生改变。
和前述利用温度变化控制记忆合金件321变形的方式类似，为了便于驱动传动件31和散热片2移动，记忆合金件321通常为杆状或者线状，因而当温度改变时，记忆合金件321在长度方向具有较为明显的变形，这样将记忆合金件321的沿长度方向的两端分别同壳体1以及传动件31连接，并通过通电或者断电来改变记忆合金件321的长度，即可带动传动件31以及散热片2实现移动，实现散热孔11的开闭操作。
由于记忆合金件321的变形是通电状态来控制，因此在散热窗组件中可以包括有控制器，控制器和记忆合金件321之间电连接，并能够向记忆合金件321中通入电流。这样即可通过控制器所发出的电信号来控制记忆合金件321的通电状态，以此驱动散热片2的移动。
由于控制器的存在，因此用户可以通过向控制器发出指令信号，来改变散热孔11的开闭状态，或者是通过无人飞行器等可移动装置自身的控制逻辑进行控制。这样能够根据不同的要求或情况对散热窗组件中散热孔11的开闭状态实现控制，控制自由度较高。
通常，只有需要进行散热时，驱动组件32才利用记忆合金件321的变形等方式，将散热孔11打开；而一般状态下，无人飞行器等可移动装置均处于存放或者关机状态，此时为了避免外界灰尘或者水汽
等从散热孔11进入装置内部，散热孔11一般保持关闭状态，因而，驱动组件32应能够施加和开启散热孔11时的作用力方向相反的另一作用力，以使散热片2正常状态下保持散热孔11关闭，或者是在散热完毕后，重新闭合覆盖在散热孔11之上。
一般的，由于记忆合金件由变形状态回复至原先状态时所产生的驱动力一般较小，所以当驱动组件32驱动散热片2复位并关闭散热孔11时，为了避免驱动力不足的现象，驱动组件32还可以通过其它部件来辅助提供与打开散热孔的力方向相反的驱动力，以保证散热孔11可以正常关闭。具体的，驱动组件32可以通过多种不同的方式提供与打开散热孔11的力方向相反的作用力。
作为一种可选的实施方式，为了施加与打开散热孔11时的作用力方向相反的力，驱动组件32一般还包括弹性件322，弹性件322设置在传动件31的远离记忆合金件321的一端，弹性件322的一端与壳体1连接，弹性件322的另一端与传动件31连接，且弹性件322的弹力方向与记忆合金件321因自身形变而产生的作用力的方向相反。
这样，散热片2一般可在弹性件322的弹力作用下覆盖在散热孔11上，以使散热孔11为关闭状态，而当记忆合金件321因温度改变或者通电而产生形变后，记忆合金件321的形变作用力可以克服弹性件322的弹力，并带动传动件31移动，使散热片2从散热孔11上移开并进行散热，而此时弹性件322受到传动件31的作用力，自身不断积聚弹性势能；当散热完成，需要关闭散热孔11时，记忆合金件321恢复至原来的形状，传动件31失去了记忆合金件321的作用力，即可在弹性件322的弹性势能作用下回复至原先位置，重新覆盖在散热孔11上。
可选的，一般弹性件322可以为弹簧，例如压力弹簧或者拉力弹簧等，且弹簧的形变方向和记忆合金件321的形变方向平行或者位于同一直线上，从而可以提供和记忆合金件321方向相反的作用力。
由于驱动组件32上连接有弹性件322，因而能够在记忆合金件321没有产生形变前或者形变发生之后，将传动件1固定在原先的位
置，因而能够保证散热孔11在存放等场合中处于关闭状态，避免了灰尘或外界水汽进入散热孔11。
此外，为了使传动件31移动时，能够顺利推动散热片2移动，散热片2和传动件31之间，以及散热片2和壳体1之间也可以具有多种不同的连接方式以及相对位置。例如，散热片2的一端与壳体1之间可通过转轴铰接，且散热片2与传动件31的远离转轴的一端具有活动连接，传动件31移动时，散热片2相对于壳体1的角度发生改变，以覆盖散热孔11或者从散热孔11上移开。这样散热片2只要通过转动的方式改变自身与散热孔11之间的相对位置，就可以使散热孔2呈打开或关闭状态，结构较为简单，且散热片11和散热孔2之间不易发生移位、错位等现象，对散热孔2的打开或关闭操作较为可靠。
本实施例中，散热窗组件用于为热源进行散热，散热窗组件具体包括壳体、散热片和驱动机构，壳体上开设有至少一个散热孔，驱动机构和散热片连接，用于带动散热片覆盖散热孔或者从散热孔上移开。这样散热窗组件可以在需要散热时将散热孔打开，而在其它状态下关闭散热孔，避免外界的灰尘和水汽等进入。
图4是本发明实施例二提供的另一种散热窗组件中驱动组件的结构示意图。如图4所示，本实施例中，散热窗组件的整体结构和工作原理均和前述实施例一中类似，不同之处在于，为了施加与打开散热孔11时的力方向相反的作用力，保证散热孔11的顺利关闭，驱动组件32包括第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b，第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b分别设置在传动件31的移动方向的相对两端，且第一记忆合金件321a的长度随温度改变的变化方向与第二记忆合金件321b的长度随温度改变的变化方向相反。
此时，第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b均可通过感知温度的改变而产生相应的形变，其单个记忆合金件的形状随温度而改变的具体方式已在前述实施例中进行了详细说明，此处不再赘述。而在该实现方式中，驱动组件32中的第一记忆合金件321a以及第二记忆合金件321b的形状随温度变化的改变趋势正好相反，例如当温
度升高时，第一记忆合金件321a产生伸长的趋势，而同时第二记忆合金件321b却产生缩短的变形趋势。这样可以将第一记忆合金件321a以及第二记忆合金件321b分别设置在传动件31的移动方向的相对两端。由于第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b随温度改变的变形趋势相反，所以当温度改变，例如升高时，第一记忆合金件321a伸长，而第二记忆合金件321b缩短，或者是第一记忆合金件321a缩短，第二记忆合金件321b伸长。这样，传动件31就会朝向两个记忆合金件中缩短的一方移动，并带动散热片2移动。而当温度恢复至原先的正常温度时，则第一记忆合金件321a与第二记忆合金件321b均朝向和原先相反的方向变形，从而带动传动件31复位。这样无论散热片2需要朝向哪个方向移动，第一记忆合金件321a以及第二记忆合金件321b均能够向该方向施加作用力，以带动传动件31向该方向移动，从而分别完成散热孔11的打开或者关闭操作。
由于散热窗组件在对热源进行散热时，第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b均处于相同的环境中，因而温度的改变趋势也是一致的。此时，即可通过具有不同形变趋势的第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b的配合使用，在不同温度条件下，利用不同记忆合金件的变形，分别驱动传动件31朝向不同方向移动，从而进行散热孔的打开或关闭。而第一记忆合金件321a与第二记忆合金件321b均能够和独立的记忆合金件一样，在恢复形变的方向上提供足够的作用力。
而在另一种可选的实施方式中，驱动组件32依然包括第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b，且第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b分别设置在传动件31的移动方向的相对两端，和前述实施方式不同之处在于，第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b的通电状态不同。
具体的，在该种实施方式中，第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b均为可随通电状态而产生形变的记忆合金所构成。第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b随通电状态而形变的具体方式均已在前述实施例中进行了详细说明，此处不再赘述。而在该种
实施方式中，当需要改变散热孔2的开闭状态时，控制器可以通过发出不同的信号，以使第一记忆合金件321a与第二记忆合金件321b呈不同的通电状态。例如，第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b中的一个未通电，而另一个通电，此时，传动件31朝向通电的记忆合金件的形变方向移动，并改变散热孔的状态。由于第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b位于传动件31的移动方向的相对两端，所以第一记忆合金件321a或第二记忆合金件321b通电时，传动件31就会沿着移动方向移动，并使散热孔11呈打开或关闭状态。由于第一记忆合金件321a与第二记忆合金件321b的通电状态不同，所以第一记忆合金件321a和第二记忆合金件321b中的一个通电时，另一个并不通电，也不会产生形变，此时，可以通过设置单向滑动结构或者其它活动连接结构，以避免未发生形变的记忆合金件影响到传动件31的移动。
本实施例中，驱动组件包括第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件，第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件分别设置在传动件的移动方向的相对两端，且当温度或者通电状态改变时，第一记忆合金件的长度的变化方向与第二记忆合金件的长度的变化方向相反，这样在不同条件下，利用不同记忆合金件的变形，分别驱动传动件朝向不同方向移动，从而进行散热孔的打开或关闭，且驱动方式较为可靠。
此外，和前述利用记忆合金件自身的变形来控制散热片移动的方式不同，还可以通过设置电机等动力元件，以驱动散热片移动。图5是本发明实施例三提供的又一种散热窗组件中驱动组件的结构示意图。如图5所示，作为驱动组件32的另一种可选的实施方式，驱动组件32包括电动机323和齿轮传动机构324，电动机323通过齿轮传动机构323与传动件31连接；齿轮传动机构324包括齿轮3241和齿条3242，齿轮3241穿设在电动机323的输出轴上，齿条3242与传动件31固定连接，且齿条3242与齿轮3241啮合，齿条的3242长度方向与传动件31的移动方向相同。
其中，驱动组件32中的电动机323作为驱动组件32中的动力元件，可以根据电信号旋转一定的角度或圈数，从而带动散热片2移动。
由于传动件31通常依靠平移运动带动散热片2移动，所以为了将电动机323的旋转运动转化为传动件31的平移运动，驱动组件32中还包括有齿轮传动机构324。齿轮传动机构324中的齿轮3241和电动机323的输出轴连接，而齿条3242和传动件31固定在一起，这样齿轮3241在电动机323输出轴的带动下旋转时，即可带动与齿轮3241相啮合的齿条3242做平移运动，并改变传动件31的位置。
本实施例中，用于驱动散热片移动的驱动组件包括电动机和齿轮传动机构，电动机通过齿轮传动机构与传动件连接；齿轮传动机构包括齿轮和齿条，齿轮穿设在电动机的输出轴上，齿条与传动件固定连接，且齿条与齿轮啮合，齿条的长度方向与传动件的移动方向相同。这样可以利用电动机等动力元件实现对散热片的驱动，从而打开或者关闭散热孔。
图6是本发明实施例四提供的一种无人飞行器的结构示意图。如图6所示，本实施例提供的无人飞行器，包括热源和如前述实施例一至三所述的散热窗组件10，热源位于散热窗组件10的壳体的内腔中。
具体的，无人飞行器的热源包括有电池、电路板等工作装置或工作元件，作为热源的工作元件设置在散热窗组件10的壳体的内腔中，从而与无人飞行器外界的环境相隔离，而散热窗组件10可以为热源提供对流散热，避免热量积聚在无人飞行器的内部。散热窗组件10可以根据无人飞行器外形的设计需要设置在多个位置，例如，可以是无人飞行器的底部、前侧等位置。进一步的，散热窗组件10设置在无人飞行器的进风口的位置。散热窗组件10中的散热片可以根据无人飞行器的工作情况而移动，从而让散热窗组件10中的散热孔打开或关闭，以分别用于为无人飞行器散热，或者避免外界的灰尘或水汽进入无人飞行器内部。
本实施例中，无人飞行器包括热源和散热窗组件，热源位于散热窗组件的壳体的内腔中；其中，散热窗组件用于为热源进行散热，散热窗组件具体包括壳体、散热片和驱动机构，壳体上开设有至少一个散热孔，驱动机构和散热片连接，用于带动散热片覆盖散热孔或者从散热孔上移开。这样无人飞行器可以在需要散热时将散热孔打开，而
在其它状态下关闭散热孔，避免外界的灰尘和水汽等进入无人飞行器内部，影响内部器件的正常工作。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (15)
- 一种散热窗组件，用于为热源散热，其特征在于，包括壳体、散热片和驱动机构，所述壳体上开设有至少一个散热孔，所述驱动机构和所述散热片连接，用于带动所述散热片覆盖所述散热孔或者从所述散热孔上移开。
- 根据权利要求1所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述驱动机构包括传动件和能够提供驱动力的驱动组件，所述散热片设置在所述传动件上，所述驱动组件和所述传动件连接，用于驱动所述传动件，以带动所述散热片运动。
- 根据权利要求2所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括至少一个记忆合金件，所述记忆合金件的一端与所述壳体固定，所述记忆合金件的另一端和所述传动件连接，且所述记忆合金件的两端之间的长度改变时，所述传动件在所述记忆合金的拉动下带动所述散热片移动。
- 根据权利要求3所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述记忆合金件与所述热源具有热传导，且所述记忆合金件的两端之间的长度能够随所述记忆合金件的温度变化而改变。
- 根据权利要求4所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述记忆合金件的两端之间的距离随所述记忆合金件的温度升高而缩短。
- 根据权利要求3所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，还包括控制器，所述控制器和所述记忆合金件之间电连接，且所述记忆合金件的两端之间的长度能够随所述记忆合金件的通电状态而改变。
- 根据权利要求3-6任一项所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述驱动组件还包括弹性件，所述弹性件设置在所述传动件的远离所述记忆合金件的一端，所述弹性件的一端与所述壳体连接，所述弹性件的另一端与所述传动件连接，且所述弹性件的弹力方向与所述记忆合金件因自身形变而产生的作用力的方向相反。
- 根据权利要求7所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述弹性件为弹簧。
- 根据权利要求4所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件，所述第一记忆合金件和所述第二记忆合金件分别设置在所述传动件的移动方向的相对两端，且所述第一记忆合金件的长度随温度改变的变化方向与所述第二记忆合金件的长度随温度改变的变化方向相反。
- 根据权利要求6所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括第一记忆合金件和第二记忆合金件，所述第一记忆合金件和所述第二记忆合金件分别设置在所述传动件的移动方向的相对两端，且所述第一记忆合金件和所述第二记忆合金件的通电状态不同。
- 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括电动机和齿轮传动机构，所述电动机通过所述齿轮传动机构与所述传动件连接；所述齿轮传动机构包括齿轮和齿条，所述齿轮穿设在所述电动机的输出轴上，所述齿条与所述传动件固定连接，且所述齿条与所述齿轮啮合，所述齿条的长度方向与所述传动件的移动方向相同。
- 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述散热片的一端与所述壳体通过转轴铰接，所述散热片与所述传动件的远离所述转轴的一端具有活动连接，所述传动件移动时，所述散热片相对于所述壳体的角度发生改变，以覆盖所述散热孔或者从所述散热孔上移开。
- 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述散热片和所述散热孔均为至少两个，且所述散热片的数量和所述散热孔的数量相等，每个所述散热片均对应一个所述散热孔。
- 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的散热窗组件，其特征在于，所述壳体包括开口和盖设在所述开口上的底板，所述散热孔开设在所述底板上。
- 一种无人飞行器，其特征在于，包括热源和如权利要求1-14任一项所述的散热窗组件，所述热源位于所述散热窗组件的壳体的内腔中。
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| CN201720579489.1U CN206782045U (zh) | 2017-05-23 | 2017-05-23 | 散热窗组件及无人飞行器 |
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| CN109533271B (zh) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-09-25 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种散热通风口盖及具有其的飞机 |
| TWI688697B (zh) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-03-21 | 中華電信股份有限公司 | 建築外牆裝置 |
| CN111590637A (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 散热罩组件、机器人及其散热控制方法 |
| CN114698290B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-12-19 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | 电子设备及其散热机构 |
| CN112339977A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-02-09 | 广东寻米科技有限公司 | 一种无人机的智能壳体及无人机 |
| CN113163674A (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 散热结构、电器盒、散热控制方法及装置 |
| CN114025526B (zh) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-05-26 | 华北水利水电大学 | 一种基于区块链的城市楼宇能源管理多通道数据安全传输保护装置 |
| CN114055776B (zh) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-09-29 | 深圳市洋明达科技有限公司 | 光固化3d打印机底座散热结构 |
Citations (4)
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| JP2006119288A (ja) * | 2004-10-20 | 2006-05-11 | Sony Corp | 投射型表示装置 |
| CN101686625A (zh) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-31 | 微星科技股份有限公司 | 排风装置 |
| US20100290237A1 (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-18 | Chao-Nan Chien | Illumination apparatus and heat dissipation structure thereof |
| CN104284561A (zh) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-14 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | 便携式电子模块及散热机构 |
-
2017
- 2017-05-23 CN CN201720579489.1U patent/CN206782045U/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-06-29 WO PCT/CN2017/090944 patent/WO2018214233A1/zh active Application Filing
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006119288A (ja) * | 2004-10-20 | 2006-05-11 | Sony Corp | 投射型表示装置 |
| CN101686625A (zh) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-31 | 微星科技股份有限公司 | 排风装置 |
| US20100290237A1 (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-18 | Chao-Nan Chien | Illumination apparatus and heat dissipation structure thereof |
| CN104284561A (zh) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-14 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | 便携式电子模块及散热机构 |
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| CN206782045U (zh) | 2017-12-22 |
| CN110402222A (zh) | 2019-11-01 |
| CN110402222B (zh) | 2021-07-16 |
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