WO2018205572A1 - 一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床矿化浮选设备 - Google Patents

一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床矿化浮选设备 Download PDF

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WO2018205572A1
WO2018205572A1 PCT/CN2017/114385 CN2017114385W WO2018205572A1 WO 2018205572 A1 WO2018205572 A1 WO 2018205572A1 CN 2017114385 W CN2017114385 W CN 2017114385W WO 2018205572 A1 WO2018205572 A1 WO 2018205572A1
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zone
mineralizing
fluidized bed
area
turbulent flow
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PCT/CN2017/114385
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李延锋
埃文斯⋅杰弗里
朱荣涛
张文军
李宁波
潘浩
李义
付晓庆
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中国矿业大学
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Publication of WO2018205572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018205572A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/14—Flotation machines
    • B03D1/24—Pneumatic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
    • B03D2203/02—Ores

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  • the invention relates to a mineral sorting device, in particular to a turbulent flow regulating and granulating fluidized bed mineralized flotation device suitable for flotation.
  • Flotation especially froth flotation, is a widely used method for mineral and coal sorting. Minerals and coal used for processing are estimated to exceed 2 billion tons per year. Therefore, the reduction of flotation efficiency will result in a large amount of waste of resources and economic losses. It is extremely urgent to improve the efficiency of flotation production and to understand the flotation process. With the depletion of high-quality mineral resources, low-grade, fine-grained and complex refractory minerals are faced with the inability to exploit and exploit due to the high power consumption during the grinding and flotation process and the high cost of sorting and recycling. Therefore, reducing the power consumption of the flotation process is an important research direction in the field of mineral processing.
  • the most commonly used flotation equipment in the industry is a flotation machine and a flotation column. From the perspective of particle and bubble collision and mineralization process design, there are three main methods: countercurrent mineralization, impeller agitation mineralization and jet mineralization. Countercurrent mineralization has uniform turbulence, low energy consumption, low collision strength, low mineralization efficiency and recovery. However, the impeller stirring mineralization and jet mineralization all have uneven slurry turbulence intensity, high energy consumption and turbulence cannot be adjusted according to the nature of the feed. There is currently no flotation device that can solve these problems.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a turbulent flow control plus particle fluidized bed mineralized flotation device with high turbulent flow rate and high energy dissipation rate. In order to solve the problem that the energy utilization rate of the conventional flotation equipment is low and the turbulence cannot be adjusted.
  • the turbulent flow control uniform particle fluidized bed with uniform turbulence of the present invention comprises a flotation column, a concentrate overflow trough, a sieve plate, a gas distributor and a circulation pump, and the flotation column comprises column flotation Zone, fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone and gas-liquid mixing zone located in the lower part of the column flotation zone, the column flotation zone is provided with tailings discharge port, and the outer part is provided with a middle mine circulation port, and the middle mine circulation port
  • the utility model is provided with an inlet port connected to the circulation pump pipeline, and an electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the inlet pipeline, wherein the fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone comprises a mineralization zone 1, a mineralization zone 2, a mine The zone n, the mineralized zone 1, the mineralized zone 2, the mineralized zone n are internally filled with turbulent flow regulating particles.
  • the number of segments of the mineralized zone 1, the mineralized zone 2, the ... mineralized zone n is set according to the needs of the site, and is distributed stepwise from bottom to top.
  • regulation turbulence density is generally 2.7kg / m 3 to 8.0kg / m 3.
  • the particle size and porosity of the turbulent flow regulating particles gradually increase from the bottom to the top in the mineralized zone 1, the mineralized zone 2, the mineralized zone n.
  • the outer wall of the mineralized zone 1, the mineralized zone 2, the ... mineralized zone n is provided with a water injection port.
  • the turbulent flow regulating particles have a minimum particle diameter of 3 mm and a maximum particle diameter of 6 mm.
  • the present invention completely separates the mineralization and flotation separation, which is different from the current mineralization flotation integration; the use of the added particle property to construct the turbulence degree corresponding to the flotation feed property and Collision strength
  • the multi-stage fluidized bed mineralization environment realizes high-efficiency flotation of minerals, turbulent flow regulation with uniform turbulent flow, and particleized fluidized bed mineralization flotation equipment.
  • the lower part of the column flotation zone is provided with a gas-liquid mixing zone, and the mineralization time can be By adjusting the number of mineralized sections in the fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone, the kinetic energy utilization efficiency is high; the energy dissipation rate is high, ensuring the balance of bubble size and the retention of high pressure gas, and greatly improving the flotation recovery rate.
  • the upper, middle and lower mineralized fluidized beds are provided with different turbulence levels and high mineralization efficiency. Its main advantages are:
  • the present invention completely separates the mineralization and flotation separation, and the respective required time can be designed according to the respective needs of mineralization and flotation. Extend the flotation time by expanding the cross-sectional area;
  • the single mineralized fluidized bed layer is formed in the invention, the turbulence degree is uniform, and the mineralization time of the section can be realized by adjusting the height of the mineralized fluidized bed layer, so that the kinetic energy utilization efficiency is high;
  • the additional water is injected through the water injection port, thereby realizing the same rising water flow velocity in the mineralization zone 1, the mineralization zone 2, the mineralization zone n;
  • the turbulence degree of the single mineralized fluidized bed in the present invention is adjustable. Adjusting the porosity and turbulence of the bed by changing the particle size and density of the applied turbulent flow at the same rising water flow rate;
  • the upper, middle and lower mineralized fluidized beds formed in the present invention are provided with different turbulence degrees, can adapt to the requirements of mineralization turbulence of particles of different particle sizes and floatability, and have high mineralization efficiency.
  • the turbulence is gradually increased from the bottom to the top, and the fine particles and the particles with poor floatability are preferentially mineralized, and the desorption rate is low;
  • the turbulent flow rate is gradually reduced near the column flotation zone, thereby reducing the influence of turbulent flow in the fluidized bed mineralization zone on the flotation process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • 1 concentrate overflow tank; 2 concentrate discharge; 3 column flotation area; 4 inlet port; 5 medium mine circulation port; 6 - tailings discharge port; 7 - turbulent flow control particles; Flowmeter; 9-fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone; 10-water injection port; 11-mineral particles; 12-screen plate; 13-circulation pump; 14-gas-liquid mixing zone; 15-gas distributor; hole.
  • the turbulent flow control uniform particle fluidized bed with uniform turbulence degree of the present invention is mainly composed of a flotation column, a concentrate overflow weir 1, a sieve plate 12, a gas distributor 15 and a circulation pump 13.
  • the flotation column includes a duff flotation zone 3, a fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone 9 and a gas-liquid mixing zone 14 disposed at a lower portion of the column flotation zone 3, and the upper part of the column flotation zone 3 is provided with a concentrate
  • the overflow tank 1, the concentrate overflow tank 1 has a concentrate discharge port 2, the bottom of the column flotation area 3 is provided with a tailings discharge port 6, and the outside is provided with a medium ore circulation port 5, and the middle ore circulation port 5 is
  • the inlet port 4 is connected, and the electromagnetic flowmeter 8 is arranged on the feeding pipeline, and the bottom of the column flotation zone 3 is connected with the fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone 9, and the bottom of the fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone 9 is
  • the gas-liquid mixing zone 14 is connected to the circulation pump 13, the electromagnetic flowmeter 8 and the inlet 4 and the middle ore circulation. Port 5 is connected.
  • the fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone 9 includes a mineralization zone 1, a mineralization zone 2, a mineralization zone n, a mineralization zone 1, a mineralization zone 2, a mineralization zone n
  • the number of segments is set according to the needs of the site, and is distributed stepwise from bottom to top; the outer wall of the mineralized zone 1, the mineralized zone 2, the mineralized zone n is provided with a water injection port 10.
  • the mineralized zone 1, the mineralized zone 2, the mineralized zone n is internally filled with turbulent flow regulating particles 7.
  • the turbulent flow regulating particles 7 have a minimum particle diameter of 3 mm and a maximum particle diameter of 6 mm.
  • the mineral granule 11 passes through the inlet port 4 and the material circulated by the middle ore circulation port 5 through the electromagnetic flowmeter 8 to enter the fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone 9 through the circulating pump 13, and the water flow is dispersed through the sieve plate 12 Through the mineralization zone 1, the mineralization zone 2, the ...
  • a fluidized bed is formed, and the air enters the cylinder from the inflation hole 16 and generates microbubbles through the gas distributor 15, resulting in micro
  • the slurry input by the bubble pump and the circulation pump 13 is mixed in the gas-liquid mixing zone 14 and then enters the fluidized bed mineralization flotation zone 9 through the sieve plate 12, and is subjected to mineralization flotation under the action of the turbulent flow regulating particles 7, and then enters the column.
  • the concentrate after flotation by the column flotation zone 3 enters the concentrate overflow tank 1, and the concentrate entering the concentrate overflow tank 1 is discharged from the concentrate discharge port 2, and the column flotation zone 3
  • the middle ore after the flotation enters the middle mine circulation port 5, and the tailings after the flotation by the column flotation zone 3 are discharged from the tailings discharge port 6 at the bottom of the column flotation zone 3.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)

Abstract

一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，属于矿物分选装置。包括柱浮选区（3）、柱浮选区（3）上部的精矿溢流槽（1）和柱浮选区（3）外部的中矿循环口（5），柱浮选区（3）下部设有气液混合区（14），柱浮选区（3）与流化床矿化浮选区（9）之间设有流化床矿化浮选区，流化床矿化浮选区（9）设有矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n，矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n内部填充有湍流调控颗粒（7）。将矿化和浮选分离完全分开，不同于目前的矿化浮选一体化；矿化时间可通过调整流化床矿化浮选区的矿化区段数来实现，因而动能利用效率很高；能量耗散率高，确保气泡大小的平衡和高压气体的滞留稳定，提高了浮选回收率；上中下的矿化流化床层设置不同的紊流度，矿化效率高。

Description

一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床矿化浮选设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种矿物分选装置，尤其是一种适用于浮选的紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床矿化浮选设备。
背景技术
浮选，尤其是泡沫浮选是广泛用于矿物和煤炭分选的一种方法。每年用于处理的矿物和煤炭估计超过20亿吨。因此，浮选效率的降低将会造成大量的资源浪费和经济损失，提高浮选生产效率以及深入了解浮选过程变得迫在眉睫。随着优质矿产资源的消耗殆尽，低品位、嵌布粒度细和复杂难选矿物面临着因破磨和浮选过程动力消耗大和分选回收成本高导致无法开采利用。因此，降低浮选过程的动力消耗是矿物加工领域的重要研究方向。
工业最常用的浮选设备为浮选机和浮选柱。从颗粒与气泡碰撞和矿化过程的设计来看，主要分为三种方式：逆流矿化、叶轮搅拌矿化和射流矿化。逆流矿化紊流度均匀，能耗小，碰撞强度小，矿化效率和回收率低。而叶轮搅拌矿化和射流矿化均存在矿浆湍流强度不均匀、能耗高和紊流度无法单独根据入料性质调节。目前尚无一种浮选设备能够解决这些问题。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是要克服现有技术中的不足之处，提供一种浮选速率高、能量耗散率低的紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床矿化浮选设备，以解决传统浮选设备能量利用率低和紊流度无法调整的问题。
技术方案：本发明的紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，包括浮选柱、精矿溢流槽、筛板、气体分布器和循环泵，所述的浮选柱包括柱浮选区、流化床矿化浮选区和设在柱浮选区下部的气液混合区，所述的柱浮选区设有尾矿排出口，外部设有中矿循环口，中矿循环口上设有与循环泵管路相连的入料口，入料管路上设有电磁流量计，所述的流化床矿化浮选区包括矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n，所述的矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n内部填充有湍流调控颗粒。
所述的矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n的段数根据现场需要设定，由下到上成阶梯状分布。
所述的湍流调控颗粒的密度视具体分选的矿物设定，湍流调控密度一般为2.7kg/m3到8.0kg/m3。
所述的湍流调控颗粒的粒径和孔隙度随着矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n由下到上逐渐增大。
所述的矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n的外壁均设有注水口。
所述的湍流调控颗粒的最小粒径为3mm，最大粒径为6mm。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明将矿化和浮选分离完全分开，不同于目前的矿化浮选一体化；利用外加颗粒性质构建与浮选入料性质相适应紊流度和碰撞强度 的多段流化床矿化环境，实现矿物的高效浮选，紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床矿化浮选设备，柱浮选区下部设有气液混合区，矿化时间可通过调整流化床矿化浮选区的矿化区段数来实现，因而动能利用效率很高；能量耗散率高，确保气泡大小的平衡和高压气体的滞留稳定，大大提高了浮选回收率；上中下的矿化流化床层设置不同的紊流度，矿化效率高。其主要优点有：
1)本发明将矿化和浮选分离完全分开，可根据矿化和浮选各自所需设计各自所需的时间。通过扩大断面面积来实现浮选时间的延长；
2)本发明中形成单一矿化流化床层，紊流度均匀，且该段的矿化时间可通过调整该段矿化流化床层的高度来实现，因而动能利用效率很高；
3)本发明中通过注水口注入补加水，从而实现矿化区1、矿化区2、...矿化区n同一上升水流速度；
4)本发明中单一矿化流化床层的紊流度大小可调。在同一上升水流速度下，通过改变外加湍流调控颗粒的粒度和密度，从而实现调整床层的孔隙率和紊流度；
5)本发明中形成的上中下的矿化流化床层设置不同的紊流度，能适应不同粒度和可浮性的颗粒对矿化紊流度的要求，矿化效率高。紊流度从下向上逐步升高，细颗粒和可浮性差的颗粒优先矿化，且其脱附率低；
6)本发明中接近柱浮选区，紊流度逐步降低，从而降低了流化床矿化区的紊流对浮选过程的影响。
附图说明：
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图中：1-精矿溢流槽；2精矿排出口；3柱浮选区；4入料口；5中矿循环口；6-尾矿排出口；7-湍流调控颗粒；8-电磁流量计；9-流化床矿化浮选区；10-注水口；11-矿物颗粒；12-筛板；13-循环泵；14-气液混合区；15-气体分布器；16-充气孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图中的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明：
如图1所示，本发明的紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，主要由浮选柱、精矿溢流楷1、筛板12、气体分布器15和循环泵13构成，所述的浮选柱包括杜浮选区3、流化床矿化浮选区9和设在柱浮选区3下部的气液混合区14，所述的柱浮选区3上部设置有精矿溢流槽1，精矿溢流槽1开有精矿排出口2，柱浮选区3底部设有尾矿排出口6，外部设有中矿循环口5，所述中矿循环口5与入料口4相连，入料管路上设有电磁流量计8，所述柱浮选区3底部与流化床矿化浮选区9相连，所述流化床矿化浮选区9底部与气液混合区14相连，所述气液混合区14底部设置有气体分布器15，所述气液混合区14与循环泵13相连，所述电磁流量计8与入料口4和中矿循环口5相连。所述的流化床矿化浮选区9包括矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n，矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n的段数根据现场需要设定，由下到上成阶梯状分布；矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n的外壁均设有注水口10。所述的矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n内部填充有湍流调控颗粒7。湍流调控颗粒7的密度视具体分选的矿物设定，所述的湍流调控颗粒密度一般为2.7kg/m3到8.0kg/m3。所述的湍流调控颗粒7的粒径和孔隙度随着 矿化区1、矿化区2....矿化区n由下到上逐渐增大。所述的湍流调控颗粒7的最小粒径为3mm，最大粒径为6mm。
工作过程：矿物颗粒11经过入料口4同由中矿循环口5所循环的物料通过电磁流量计8由循环泵13进入到流化床矿化浮选区9，经筛板12进行水流分散，通过矿化区1、矿化区2、...矿化区n，形成流化床层，空气由充气孔16进入到柱体中，经过气体分布器15生成微泡，所产生的微泡与循环泵13输入的矿浆在气液混合区14混合后经过筛板12进入流化床矿化浮选区9，在紊流调控颗粒7的作用之下进行矿化浮选，后进入柱浮选区3，由柱浮选区3进行浮选后的精矿进入精矿溢流槽1，进入精矿溢流槽1的精矿由精矿排出口2排出，由柱浮选区3进行浮选后的中矿进入中矿循环口5，由柱浮选区3进行浮选后的尾矿由柱浮选区3底部的尾矿排出口6排出。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，包括浮选柱、精矿溢流槽(1)、筛板(12)、气体分布器(15)和循环泵(13)，其特征在于：所述的浮选柱包括柱浮选区(3)、流化床矿化浮选区(9)和设在柱浮选区(3)下部的气液混合区(14)，所述的柱浮选区(3)设有尾矿排出口(6)，外部设有中矿循环口(5)，中矿循环口(5)上设有与循环泵(13)管路相连的入料口(4)，入料管路上设有电磁流量计(8)，所述的流化床矿化浮选区(9)包括矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n，所述的矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n内部填充有湍流调控颗粒(7)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，其特征在于：所述的矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n的段数根据现场需要设定，由下到上成阶梯状分布。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，其特征在于：所述的湍流调控颗粒(7)的密度视具体分选的矿物设定，湍流调控密度一般为2.7kg/m3到8.0kg/m3。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，其特征在于：所述的湍流调控颗粒(7)的粒径和孔隙度随着矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n由下到上逐渐增大。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，其特征在于：所述的矿化区1、矿化区2、....矿化区n的外壁均设有注水口(10)。
  6. 根据权利要求1或4所述一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床，其特征在于：所述的湍流调控颗粒(7)的最小粒径为3mm，最大粒径为6mm。
PCT/CN2017/114385 2017-05-10 2017-12-04 一种紊流度均匀的湍流调控外加颗粒流化床矿化浮选设备 WO2018205572A1 (zh)

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