WO2018201972A1 - 一种蜗式升降机构及系统 - Google Patents

一种蜗式升降机构及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018201972A1
WO2018201972A1 PCT/CN2018/084725 CN2018084725W WO2018201972A1 WO 2018201972 A1 WO2018201972 A1 WO 2018201972A1 CN 2018084725 W CN2018084725 W CN 2018084725W WO 2018201972 A1 WO2018201972 A1 WO 2018201972A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
worm
lifting mechanism
lifting
outer sleeve
cabin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/084725
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余应林
Original Assignee
四川加力机电有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 四川加力机电有限公司 filed Critical 四川加力机电有限公司
Publication of WO2018201972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018201972A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F11/00—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F13/00—Common constructional features or accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/16—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising worm and worm-wheel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cabin lifting device, in particular to a worm lifting mechanism and system.
  • the structure of the shelter is similar to a container, usually made of sheet metal, and the cabin is usually equipped with a truck, usually a pickup truck, which is carried by the vehicle to the required place.
  • the standard is also based on the container standard. Compared with containers, the cabin has higher maneuverability.
  • the space of the cabin is equipped with various items and equipment, which can provide reliable guarantee for operations such as rescue and rescue in the field. With the cabin in emergency rescue, fire, communication, military In a wide range of applications, the lifting of the cabin is very important in the use and transfer process.
  • the weight of the cabin equipped with equipment and objects is heavier.
  • the lifting device requires four people to shake hands at the four corners of the square cabin at the same time, which is time-consuming and laborious. It is difficult to realize the simultaneous lifting of the four corners of the cabin, and there is object damage and safety risk.
  • the cabin lifting device is provided with two legs, one of which is a grounding leg (including an inner casing and a jacket) whose legs stand on the ground. Tube), the other is a square cabin fixed to the square cabin, and a connecting strut is provided to connect the two legs, and the square bracket and the grounding leg are connected by a chain, and the driving motor drives the driving wheel to rotate,
  • the chain is mounted on the driving wheel, and the chain drives the inner sleeve to extend or retract within the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve rises or falls synchronously with the square seat support to realize the lifting operation of the square cabin.
  • the electric lifting device has the following problems: 1. The lifting efficiency is low, and the lifting time is long; 2. When the heavy lifting cabin is lifted, the motor torque required to be equipped is high, and the heavier square cabin is raised to the target. After the position, due to its own gravity, the cabin has a downward swinging or unstable condition; 3. It can not be used without power supply, which brings inconvenience to the cabin lifting operation.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the existing manual lifting device, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and has safety risks.
  • the electric lifting device has low lifting efficiency, high torque requirement for the motor, and when the weight of the cabin is large.
  • the technical problem of the situation that the square cabin has a swinging or unstable condition and provides a worm lifting mechanism and system, which provides a large rotating torque and reduces the torque requirement of the driving device through the conversion of the worm gear reducer, and
  • the self-locking performance of the worm gear makes the cabin lift smoothly and safely and quickly, and is suitable for the use of fast field rescue and other operations.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the utility model relates to a worm lifting mechanism, which comprises a driving wheel and a driving device arranged in cooperation with a transmission chain, and a worm gear reducer is arranged between the driving wheel and the driving device.
  • a driving device drives the driving wheel to rotate
  • the square cabin bearing is at Lifting and lowering under the drive chain.
  • the lifting mechanism is equipped with a worm gear reducer, and the large gear ratio of the reducer can convert the torque of the driving device into a large output torque to be supplied to the driving wheel and the transmission chain, thereby improving the lifting efficiency and reducing the torque of the driving device itself.
  • the requirements saving the cost of driving device selection, adapt to the heavier weight of the cabin; in addition, using the self-locking performance of the worm gear, when the cabin is lifted to the target position, the square cabin is prevented from swinging due to its own gravity. It makes the cabin lift smoothly, safe and fast, and is suitable for the use of fast field rescue and other operations.
  • the worm gear reducer is provided with a clutch.
  • the jaw clutch can be used.
  • the clutch is turned on and the power is transmitted to realize the lifting of the cabin; when the power is off, the clutch is separated, the lifting action is stopped, and the lifting device can be safe and reliable through the self-locking performance of the worm gear.
  • the lifting mechanism cannot be used when there is no power supply:
  • a manual switching device is also provided on the worm gear reducer for disconnecting the drive device from the drive wheel.
  • the driving operation wheel can be manually rotated to perform the lifting operation without affecting the normal use of the lifting mechanism.
  • the connecting strut is provided with a forcible opening and closing device, and includes a locking tongue disposed in cooperation with the locking hole on the connecting strut, and any portion between the two ends of the locking bolt is hinged to the grounding leg.
  • One end of the locking tongue is a locking tongue, and the other end is hinged with a transmission component, and the free end of the transmission component is hinged with a limiting component disposed at a lower end of the outer casing, and the limiting component is hinged with the outer casing.
  • the forced opening and closing device hinges the end of the bolt to the transmission component, and the transmission component is hinged to the limiting component disposed at the lower end of the outer casing, by hinged the limiting component to the outer casing, due to the outer casing and the inner casing
  • the sleeve is completely overlapped, that is, when the inner sleeve is retracted, the bolt is in an unlocked state, so during the ascending or descending of the cabin, that is, during the extension or retraction of the inner sleeve, the limiting member will rotate around the hinge point, In this process, as long as the inner sleeve is not fully retracted, the hinge point of the limiting member and the inner sleeve is higher than the hinge point of the transmission member, and the transmission member hinged with the limiting member is forced to pull down.
  • the limiting member When the square cabin is lowered to the extreme position, that is, when the inner sleeve is completely retracted into the outer sleeve, the limiting member will rotate in the opposite direction around the hinge point of the inner sleeve, and the hinge point position of the limiting member and the inner sleeve is When the hinge point is equal to or lower than the hinge point of the transmission member, the transmission member is forced to push upward, and at this time, the end of the bolt lever hinged with the transmission member is moved upward together, thereby causing the lock tongue of the lock tongue to move obliquely downward The lock tongue is disengaged from the lock hole to achieve automatic unlocking and the ground leg is automatically closed.
  • the forced opening and closing device automatically locks the connecting rod when the square cabin rises or falls, and automatically unlocks the connecting rod when the square cabin is lowered to the extreme position.
  • the whole process does not require manual operation, and the locking and unlocking process is fast and reliable.
  • the operation efficiency is high, and the safety hazard of manual operation is avoided.
  • the transmission member is a long link of a rod-like structure and is disposed outside the ground leg.
  • the transmission member is set as a long link to facilitate the connection and transmission of the bolt and the limiting member, and the rod structure is designed to be disposed outside the grounding leg to reduce the influence on the operation of other components.
  • the limiting component is a limiting plate of a plate-like structure
  • the limiting plate is hinged with the outer casing
  • the hinge point and the hinge plate are arranged offset from the hinge portion of the long link.
  • the limiting member is arranged in a plate-like structure, and is arranged offset from the hinge point of the outer sleeve and the hinge portion of the limiting plate and the transmission member, so that the transmission member can be stretched up or down when the outer sleeve drives the limiting plate to rotate.
  • the transmission locks or unlocks the bolts; further, the distance between the two hinge points is reasonably set to ensure that the size of the bolt is unlocked.
  • the member hinged to the outer sleeve is a limiting shaft, and the limiting plate rotates around the limiting shaft.
  • the limiting plate is connected with the outer sleeve through the limiting shaft, so that the limiting plate can rotate around the limiting shaft to drive the joint movement of the transmission component and the bolt, and when the square rises or falls, the connecting rod position is connected by the locking tongue. Locked to achieve the effect of supporting the entire forced opening and closing device.
  • the limiting plate and the inner sleeve are further provided with a positioning structure
  • the positioning structure comprises a positioning member disposed on the inner sleeve and a positioning groove correspondingly disposed on the limiting plate, when the positioning member is provided
  • the positioning member is combined with the positioning groove when the inner sleeve is retracted into the outer sleeve.
  • the positioning structure of the limiting plate and the inner sleeve cooperates, and when the square cabin is lowered to the extreme position, the inner sleeve is continuously lifted upward by the cooperation of the positioning member and the positioning groove, so as to safely protect the entire lifting mechanism.
  • the positioning member is a roller shaft mounted on the wall of the bottom end of the inner sleeve, and the roller shaft is provided with a bearing corresponding to the size of the positioning groove.
  • the distance between the bearing on the roller shaft and the outer wall of the inner sleeve is adapted to the thickness of the outer wall of the outer sleeve, and when the positioning member is retracted into the outer sleeve with the inner sleeve, the lower end surface of the roller shaft and the outer sleeve contact. After the inner sleeve is retracted into the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve falls into the gap between the inner sleeve and the bearing, and the limit position of the outer sleeve is lowered to prevent the lifting mechanism from being damaged.
  • a strut connecting plate for connecting the strut connection is provided on the ground leg, and the connecting strut is hinged to the strut connecting plate.
  • a worm lifting system comprising four worm lifting mechanisms respectively supported on four corners of a square cabin, wherein a driving device is connected to one of the worm lifting mechanisms, and four of the worm lifting mechanisms pass through the transmission rod Connect the drive in turn.
  • the four worm-type lifting mechanisms are connected by a transmission rod, and a driving device is arranged on one of the worm-type lifting mechanisms, so that four worm-type lifting mechanisms can ensure the uniformity of movement of the cabin, that is, using a single input drive
  • the utility model can drive the four support points of the square cabin to be lifted and lowered at the same time, and the self-locking performance of the worm gear worm is safe and fast, and the operation efficiency is high by using the worm lifting system; and the worm lifting mechanism is utilized.
  • the manual switching device can also be driven by the linkage rod when manual lifting is adopted, that is, only one person single operation is required, saving manpower, improving lifting efficiency, and using a wide range of working conditions.
  • the transmission rod is sequentially connected with the lifting system composed of the worm lifting mechanism to ensure that the four support points of the square cabin are simultaneously raised and lowered, and only one person is operated at a single point, thereby saving manpower and improving lifting efficiency.
  • a straight bevel gear pair is provided at both ends of the transmission rod, and the straight bevel gear pair includes a cooperating bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, and the straight bevel gear pair and the transmission rod or the worm gear are decelerated
  • the worm shaft of the unit is connected.
  • the force of the straight-drive bevel gear to the conversion transmission rod is adapted to the positional characteristics of the worm-type lifting mechanism respectively disposed at the four corners of the square cabin, and the force in one direction is converted into a direction perpendicular to the direction to ensure the cabin. Synchronization driven by the four corners of the worm lift mechanism.
  • two of the above-described forced opening and closing devices are symmetrically disposed on both sides of a single grounding leg.
  • Two forced opening and closing devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the grounding leg to ensure the effect of forced opening and closing and structural stability.
  • the lifting mechanism provides large turning torque and reduces the torque requirement of the driving device through the conversion of the worm gear reducer, and utilizes the self-locking performance of the worm gear to make the cabin lift smoothly, safe and fast, and adapt to the rapid field rescue. Demand for use in operations such as rescue;
  • the clutch is equipped on the worm gear reducer. When the power is turned on, the clutch is turned on and the power is transmitted to realize the lifting of the cabin. When the power is off, the clutch is separated, the lifting action is stopped, and the lifting device can be safely and reliably realized by the self-locking performance of the worm gear.
  • a manual switching device is arranged on the worm gear reducer. When there is no supply source, the manual driving wheel can be used for lifting operation without affecting the normal use of the lifting mechanism;
  • the forced opening and closing device installed on the connecting rod automatically locks the connecting rod when the square cabin rises or falls, ensuring that the lifting and lowering movement of the square cabin is stable and safe; automatically unlocking the connecting rod after the square cabin is lowered to the extreme position, so that The lifting mechanism is automatically closed, and the whole process does not require manual operation.
  • the locking and unlocking process is fast and reliable, and the operation efficiency is high, thereby avoiding the safety hazard of manual operation;
  • the limiting member is arranged in a plate-like structure, and the hinge point of the outer sleeve and the hinge plate of the outer sleeve are offset from the hinge portion of the transmission component, so that the transmission component can be moved up or down when the outer sleeve drives the limiting plate to rotate. Stretching the drive, thereby locking or unlocking the bolt; further, reasonably setting the distance between the two hinge points to ensure that the size of the bolt is unlocked is ensured;
  • the positioning structure of the limit plate and the inner sleeve is matched.
  • the inner sleeve is continuously lifted upward by the cooperation of the positioning member and the positioning groove, thereby protecting the entire lifting mechanism.
  • the outer sleeve falls into the gap between the inner sleeve and the bearing, and the limit position of the outer sleeve is lowered to prevent the lifting mechanism from being damaged;
  • the worm-type lifting system uses a transmission rod to connect four worm-type lifting mechanisms, and a driving device is arranged on one of the worm-type lifting mechanisms, so that four worm-type lifting mechanisms can be used to drive the lifting of the square cabin. Sex, that is, with a little input drive energy, it can drive the four support points of the cabin to lift at the same time, and the self-locking performance of the worm gear is safe and fast, and the operation efficiency is high;
  • the manual switching device on the worm lifting mechanism can also be driven by the linkage rod when manual lifting is adopted, that is, only one person single operation is needed, saving manpower, improving lifting efficiency, and using a wide range of working conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a scroll type lifting system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a worm lifting mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a top plan view of the worm lifting mechanism.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a forced opening and closing device of a worm lifting mechanism.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the limiting plate of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the limit shaft assembly of FIG. 5.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the roller shaft assembly of Figure 5.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the lock tongue of the forced opening and closing device in the embodiment.
  • the worm lifting mechanism of the present embodiment includes a grounding leg supported on the ground and a square carrier 4 connected to the square compartment 5, the grounding leg including the outer casing 1 and
  • the inner sleeve 2 disposed in the outer sleeve 1 further includes a transmission chain 3 respectively connected to the square housing 4 and the outer sleeve 1, and the transmission chain 3 is provided with a driving wheel 303 connected to the driving device.
  • the transmission chain 3 is driven by the driving device, the outer casing 1 and the square carrier 4 are synchronously raised and lowered.
  • a worm gear reducer 12 is connected between the driving wheel 303 and the driving device.
  • the driving device is the motor 15. When the motor 15 drives the driving wheel 303 to rotate, the square carrier 4 is lifted and lowered by the transmission chain 3.
  • the worm gear reducer 12 is also equipped with a clutch.
  • the jaw clutch is used. When the power is on, the clutch is turned on and the power is transmitted to realize the lifting of the cabin; when the power is off, the clutch is separated, the lifting action is stopped, and the lifting device is safe and reliable through the self-locking performance of the worm gear.
  • the lifting mechanism cannot be used when there is no power supply:
  • This embodiment is implemented by providing a manual switching device 13 on the worm gear reducer 12.
  • the driving operation wheel can be manually rotated to perform the lifting operation without affecting the normal use of the lifting mechanism.
  • the external spline teeth are machined on the output shaft of the worm gear reducer, and the internal spline teeth are machined on the wall of the hub hole to make a spline connection, and when there is no power supply, the disconnection is performed.
  • the spline connection when manually rotating the drive wheel, the worm reducer does not affect the normal lifting of the cabin, and the need for manual lifting.
  • the worm lifting mechanism of the present embodiment utilizes the performance of the large gear ratio of the worm gear reducer to convert the rotational energy of the driving device into a larger output torque to be supplied to the driving wheel and the transmission chain, thereby reducing the electric drive device or the motor.
  • the torque requirement itself saving the cost of the driving device, adapting to the heavier weight of the cabin, and using the self-locking performance of the worm and the worm, can reduce the impulse swing when the cabin is stopped and lifted, so that the cabin can be lifted smoothly and safely and quickly.
  • the clutch is turned on and the power is transmitted when the power is turned on, so that the cabin is lifted and lowered; the clutch is disengaged when the power is off, the lifting operation is stopped, and the worm gear can be self-locked.
  • the performance makes the lifting device safe and reliable; and the manual switching device provided in the driving device can be manually operated by rotating the driving wheel without lifting the driving source, and does not affect the normal use of the lifting mechanism, thereby achieving manual lifting.
  • the worm lifting mechanism according to the first embodiment is provided with a forcible opening and closing device on the upper connecting strut 7 , and includes a lock provided in cooperation with the locking hole 701 of the upper connecting strut 7 .
  • a tongue 9 a middle portion of the latching rod 9 is hinged to the strut connecting plate 17 on the outer sleeve 1 , and a latching hole 901 is correspondingly disposed in the middle of the latching lever 9 , and the end of the latching lever 9 is The other end is hinged with a transmission member, and the free end of the transmission member is hinged with a limiting member provided at a lower end of the outer sleeve 1, and the limiting member is hinged to the outer sleeve 1.
  • the transmission member is a long link 8 of a rod-like structure and is disposed outside the ground leg.
  • the transmission member is set as a long link to facilitate the connection and transmission of the bolt and the limiting member, and the rod structure is designed to be disposed outside the grounding leg to reduce the influence on the operation of other components.
  • the limiting member is a limiting plate 10 of a plate-like structure, and the limiting plate 10 is hinged with the outer casing 1 , and the hinge point is misaligned with the hinge portion of the limiting plate 10 and the long connecting rod 8 Arrangement.
  • the limiting member is arranged in a plate-like structure, and is arranged offset from the hinge point of the outer sleeve and the hinge portion of the limiting plate and the transmission member, so that the transmission member can be stretched up or down when the outer sleeve drives the limiting plate to rotate.
  • the transmission locks or unlocks the bolts; further, the distance between the two hinge points is reasonably set to ensure that the size of the bolt is unlocked.
  • the member of the limiting plate 10 hinged with the outer sleeve 1 is a limiting shaft 16 , and the limiting plate 10 rotates around the limiting shaft 16 .
  • the limiting plate is connected with the outer sleeve through the limiting shaft, so that the limiting plate can rotate around the limiting shaft to drive the joint movement of the transmission component and the bolt, and when the square rises or falls, the connecting rod position is connected by the locking tongue. Locked to achieve the effect of supporting the entire forced opening and closing device.
  • the forced opening and closing device of the worm lifting mechanism hinges the end of the bolt to the transmission component, and the transmission component is hinged to the limiting component disposed at the lower end of the outer casing, and the hinge is hinged
  • the outer sleeve since the outer sleeve is completely overlapped with the inner sleeve, that is, when the inner sleeve is retracted, the lock tongue is in an unlocked state, so during the ascending or descending of the square cabin, that is, during the extension or retraction of the inner sleeve
  • the limiting member will rotate around the hinge point.
  • the hinge point of the limiting member and the inner sleeve is higher than the hinge point of the transmission member, and is hinged to the limiting member.
  • the transmission components are all in a state of being forced to pull down.
  • the ends of the bolts hinged to the transmission members are pulled downward together, and the entire bolts are rotated around the hinge points on the ground legs, resulting in the other end of the bolts.
  • the locking tongue moves upwards, inserts the locking hole and is fixed firmly, and achieves the function of automatically locking the connecting rod, so that the safety and stability of the cabin when lifting and lowering can be ensured;
  • the limiting member When the square cabin is lowered to the extreme position, that is, when the inner sleeve is completely retracted into the outer sleeve, the limiting member will rotate in the opposite direction around the hinge point of the inner sleeve, and the hinge point position of the limiting member and the inner sleeve is When the hinge point is equal to or lower than the hinge point of the transmission member, the transmission member is forced to push upward, and at this time, the end of the bolt lever hinged with the transmission member is moved upward together, thereby causing the lock tongue of the lock tongue to move obliquely downward The lock tongue is disengaged from the lock hole to achieve automatic unlocking and the ground leg is automatically closed.
  • the forced opening and closing device automatically locks the connecting rod when the square cabin rises or falls, and automatically unlocks the connecting rod when the square cabin is lowered to the extreme position.
  • the whole process does not require manual operation, and the locking and unlocking process is fast and reliable.
  • the operation efficiency is high, and the safety hazard of manual operation is avoided.
  • the limiting plate 10 and the inner sleeve 2 are further provided with a positioning structure, and the positioning structure comprises a sleeve disposed on the inner sleeve.
  • the positioning member on the second positioning member and the positioning groove 1003 corresponding to the limiting plate 10 are combined with the positioning groove 1003 when the positioning member is retracted into the outer sleeve 1 with the inner sleeve 2.
  • the positioning structure of the limiting plate and the inner sleeve cooperates, and when the square cabin is lowered to the extreme position, the inner sleeve is continuously lifted upward by the cooperation of the positioning member and the positioning groove, so as to safely protect the entire lifting mechanism.
  • the limiting plate 10 is provided with a limiting shaft hole 1001 for articulating with the outer casing 1, and a connecting rod connecting hole 1002 for articulating with the long connecting rod 8 is further provided.
  • the positioning member of the present embodiment is a roller shaft 11 mounted on the wall of the bottom end of the inner sleeve 2, and the roller shaft 11 is provided with a bearing 1101 which is adapted to the size of the positioning groove.
  • the distance between the bearing 1101 on the roller shaft 11 and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 2 is adapted to the thickness of the tube wall of the outer sleeve 1, and when the positioning member is retracted into the outer sleeve 1 with the inner sleeve 2, the roller The shaft 1101 is in contact with the lower end surface of the outer sleeve 1. After the inner sleeve is retracted into the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve falls into the gap between the inner sleeve and the bearing, and the limit position of the outer sleeve is lowered to prevent the lifting mechanism from being damaged.
  • the present embodiment provides a worm lifting system including four worm lifting mechanisms for respectively supporting the four corners of the square cabin 5, and a driving mechanism is connected to one of the worm lifting mechanisms.
  • the driving device of the embodiment is the motor 15, and the four worm lifting mechanisms are sequentially connected by the transmission rod 14 for transmission.
  • the worm lifting mechanism provided with the motor 15 is a first worm lifting mechanism, which is sequentially connected to other worm lifting mechanisms by a transmission rod 14 clockwise or counterclockwise, and the last worm type There is no need to provide a transmission rod 14 between the lifting mechanism and the first worm lifting mechanism. In this way, only the driving of the first worm lifting mechanism can realize the synchronous lifting of the four corners of the cabin, which is convenient for single-point operation.
  • the two ends of the transmission rod moving rod are provided with a straight bevel gear pair, and the straight bevel gear pair includes a cooperative cone that cooperates with each other.
  • the gear 1201 and the driven bevel gear 1202 are connected to the worm shaft 1204 of the transmission rod 14 or the worm gear reducer.
  • the worm shaft 1204 receives the kinetic energy of the transmission rod 14, the worm wheel synchronous wheel 1203 is rotated.
  • the worm wheel synchronous wheel 1203 and the driving wheel 303 are paired, and then the transmission chain movement of the lifting mechanism is started to realize the lifting operation of the lifting mechanism; as shown in FIG.
  • the access port is also provided with a transmission connecting rod 1205 for connecting the transmission rod 14.
  • the direction of the force transmission of the conversion drive rod by the straight bevel gear is adapted to the positional characteristics of the worm-type lifting mechanism respectively disposed at the four corners of the square cabin, and the force in one direction is converted into a direction perpendicular to the direction to ensure Synchronization of the worm-type lifting mechanism driven by the four corners of the square cabin.
  • the scroll lifting system of the embodiment uses a transmission rod to connect four worm lifting mechanisms, and a driving device is arranged on one of the worm lifting mechanisms, so that four worm lifting mechanisms can be ensured.
  • the uniformity of the movement of the square cabin that is, with a little input driving energy, can drive the four support points of the square cabin to be lifted at the same time, and the self-locking performance of the worm gear worm is the safety of the cabin lifting process using the scroll lifting system.
  • Fast and efficient operation; and the manual switching device on the worm lifting mechanism can also be driven by the linkage rod when manual lifting is adopted, that is, only one person can operate at a single point, saving manpower, improving lifting efficiency, and using the workmanship. Wide range of conditions.

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Abstract

一种蜗式升降机构，包括与传动链（3）配合设置的驱动轮（303）和驱动装置，在驱动轮（303）与驱动装置之间配设有蜗轮蜗杆减速器（12），当驱动装置带动驱动轮（303）旋转时，方舱支座在传动链（3）的带动下进行升降；而蜗式升降系统包括用于分别支设于方舱四角上的四个蜗式升降机构。该升降机构通过蜗轮减速器的转化提供较大的转动扭矩、减小驱动装置的扭矩要求，且利用蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能使方舱升降平稳、操作安全快速，适应于快速的野外抢险救援等行动的使用需求；而采用传动杆依次连接蜗式升降机构组成的升降系统，保证方舱四个支撑点同时升降，只需一人单点操作，节省人力、提高升降效率。

Description

一种蜗式升降机构及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种方舱升降装置，特别涉及一种蜗式升降机构及系统。
背景技术
方舱的结构类似于集装箱，通常由金属板材焊接而成，而方舱通常都配有载车，一般为皮卡车，通过载车运载至所需要的地方，其标准也是参考集装箱标准制定的，与集装箱相比，方舱具有更高的机动性能，利用方舱的空间配置各种物品和设备，可为野外抢险救援等行动提供可靠保障，随着方舱在应急救援、消防、通信、军事等领域的广泛应用，方舱的升降在使用和转运过程中显得十分重要。
配备了设备和物件的方舱重量较重，要实现将方舱到皮卡车的装载或卸下，通常采用的是在方舱的四个角上分别设置升降装置对方舱进行支撑和升降，传统的升降装置需要四个人在方舱的四个角同时手摇，费时且费力，较难实现方舱四角同时升降，存在物件损坏和安全风险。
而随着现代技术的发展，研发出一种电动方舱升降装置，该方舱升降装置设置有两根支腿，其中一根为支腿立于地面的接地支腿(包括内套管和外套管)，另一根为与方舱固定的方舱支座，并设置连接支杆将两个支腿连接起来，利用链条将方舱支座和接地支腿连接，驱动电机带动驱动轮旋转、链条安装在驱动轮上，链条带动内套管在外套管内伸出或收回，外套管与方舱支座同步上升或下降，实现方舱的升降操作。
但这种电动的升降装置存在以下问题：1、升降效率低、升降时间较长；2、升降较重的方舱时，需要配备的电机扭矩要求高，且较重的方舱在升降到目标位置后因自身重力，方舱存在向下的冲力摆动或不平稳的状况；3、在没有电力供应状态下就不能使用，为方舱升降操作带来不便。
因此，有必要对现有的方舱升降装置进行改进，以更适应于快速的野外抢险救援等行动的使用需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有的方舱升降装置中，纯手动的升降装置费时费力且存在安全风险，而电动升降装置存在升降效率低、对电机扭矩要求高，且在方舱自重较大时，方舱存在冲力摆动或不平稳的状况的技术问题，提供一种蜗式升降机构及系统，该升降机构通过蜗轮减速器的转化提供较大的转动扭矩、减小驱动装置的扭矩要求，且利用蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能使方舱升降平稳、操作安全快速，适应于快速的野外抢险救援等行动的使用需求。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
一种蜗式升降机构，包括与传动链配合设置的驱动轮和驱动装置，在驱动轮与驱动装置之间配设有蜗轮蜗杆减速器，当驱动装置带动驱动轮旋转时，方舱支座在传动链的带动下进行升降。
该升降机构配设蜗轮蜗杆减速器，利用减速器的大传动比，能将驱动装置的转矩转化为较大的输出扭矩提供给驱动轮和传动链，提高升降效率，降低对驱动装置本身扭矩的要求、节约驱动装置选型成本，适应于重量较重的方舱升降；另外，利用蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能，当方舱在升降到目标位置后，防止方舱因自身重力带来的冲力摆动，使方舱升降平稳、操作安全快速，适应于快速的野外抢险救援等行动的使用需求。
作为优选，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速器配设有离合器。具体可采用牙嵌式离合器，通电时离合器接通、传递动力，实现方舱升降；断电时离合器分离，升降动作停止，并且可通过蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能使升降装置安全可靠。
而针对另外一个技术问题，在没有电力供应时升降机构就不能使用的问题：
作为优选，在蜗轮蜗杆减速器上还设有手动切换装置，用于断开驱动装置与驱动轮的连接。这样在驱动装置没有驱动源供应的状况下，可采用手动转动驱动轮进行升降操作，不影响升降机构的正常使用。
另外，为了提高方舱升降过程中的稳定性，需要在升降时保持接地支腿和方舱支座相对位置的稳定，因此在连接支杆上设有锁定机构，但现有的锁定机构均需手动操作，存在方舱的升降操作效率低、人工手动操作存在安全隐患的问题，因此采用了以下方案来解决这些问题：
作为优选，在连接支杆上设有强制开合装置，包括与连接支杆上锁孔配合设置的锁舌杆，所述锁舌杆两端之间的任一部位铰接于接地支腿上，所述锁舌杆一端为锁舌，另一端铰接有传动部件，所述传动部件的自由端与设于外套管下端的限位部件铰接，所述限位部件与外套管铰接。
本强制开合装置将锁舌杆的端部与传动部件铰接，而传动部件再与设置于外套管下端的限位部件铰接，通过将限位部件铰接与外套管上，由于在外套管与内套管完全重叠即内套管收回时，锁舌处于解锁状态，所以在方舱上升或下降过程中，即内套管的伸出或收回的过程中，限位部件将绕铰接点转动，在这个过程中，只要内套管未完全收回，限位部件同内套管的铰接点高于其与传动部件的铰接点时，与限位部件铰接的传动部件均处于被迫向下拉的状态，此时，与传动部件铰接的锁舌杆端部被一起向下拉，而整个锁舌杆绕接地支腿上的铰接点转动，导致锁舌杆另一端的锁舌向上运动，插入锁孔并固定牢靠、达到自动锁定连接支杆的作用，这样，就能保证方舱升降时的安全和稳定；
而在方舱下降到极限位置时，即内套管完全收回到外套管内时，限位部件将绕其与内套管的铰接点反向旋转，当限位部件同内套管的铰接点位置等于或低于其与传动部件的铰接点时，传动部件被迫向上推，此时，与传动部件铰接的锁舌杆端部被一起向上运动，进而导致锁舌杆的锁舌向斜下方运动，使锁舌脱离锁孔，达到自动解锁、并让接地支腿自动收拢的目的。综上所述，该强制 开合装置在方舱上升或下降时自动将连接支杆锁定，在方舱下降至极限位置时自动解锁连接支杆，整个过程无需人工操作，锁定和解锁过程快速可靠、操作效率高，避免了人工操作的安全隐患。
作为优选，所述传动部件为杆状结构的长连杆，设置于接地支腿外侧。将传动部件设置为长连杆，便于锁舌杆与限位部件的连接和传动，而杆状结构的设计便于设置在接地支腿外侧、减少对其他部件操作的影响。
作为优选，所述限位部件为板状结构的限位板，所述限位板与外套管铰接，且该铰接点与限位板同长连杆的铰接部错位布置。限位部件设置成板状结构，其与外套管的铰接点与限位板同传动部件的铰接部位错开来设置，使得在外套管带动限位板转动时能将传动部件向上或向下拉伸传动，进而实现锁舌杆的锁定或解锁；进一步地，合理设置两个铰接点错开的距离，能确保达到锁舌解锁的尺寸要求。
作为优选，所述限位板与外套管铰接的部件为限位轴，所述限位板以限位轴为中心旋转。限位板通过限位轴与外套管连接，让限位板能绕该限位轴旋转进而带动传动部件与锁舌杆的联合运动，当方舱上升或下降时，通过锁舌将连接支杆位置锁定，达到对整个强制开合装置支撑的作用。
作为优选，所述限位板与内套管还对应设有定位结构，所述定位结构包括设置于内套管上的定位件、及在限位板上对应设置的定位槽，当定位件随内套管收回到外套管内时，所述定位件与定位槽相组合。限位板与内套管配合设置的定位结构，当方舱下降至极限位置时，通过定位件和定位槽的配合，限制内套管持续往上收，起到安全保护整个升降机构的作用。
作为优选，所述定位件为安装在内套管底端管壁上的滚轮轴，在所述滚轮轴上设有与定位槽尺寸相适应的轴承。
作为优选，所述滚轮轴上的轴承与内套管外壁之间的距离与外套管的管壁厚度相适应，当定位件随内套管收回到外套管内时，滚轮轴与外套管的下端面 接触。内套管收回到外套管内后，外套管落入内套管与轴承之间的间隙中，将外套管下降的极限位置限定，防止升降机构损坏。
作为优选，在接地支腿上设有用于连接支杆连接的支杆连接板，所述连接支杆与支杆连接板铰接。
一种蜗式升降系统，包括用于分别支设于方舱四角上的四个蜗式升降机构，在其中一个蜗式升降机构上连有驱动装置，四个所述蜗式升降机构通过传动杆依次连接传动。
采用传动杆将四个蜗式升降机构连接，并在其中一个蜗式升降机构上配设驱动装置，这样就能保证四个蜗式升降机构带动方舱升降的动作一致性，即用一点输入驱动能，就能带动方舱四个支撑点同时升降，加上蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能，是的采用该蜗式升降系统的方舱升降过程安全快捷、操作效率高；而利用蜗式升降机构上的手动切换装置，在采用手动升降时，也能通过联动杆传动，即只需一人单点操作，节省人力、提高升降效率，且使用的工况范围广。
而采用传动杆依次连接蜗式升降机构组成的升降系统，保证方舱四个支撑点同时升降，只需一人单点操作，节省人力、提高升降效率
作为优选，在传动杆的两端设有直齿锥齿轮对，该直齿锥齿轮对包括相互配合的主动锥齿轮和从动锥齿轮，所述直齿锥齿轮对与传动杆或蜗轮蜗杆减速器的蜗杆轴相连。利用直齿锥齿轮对转化传动杆的力，适应于分别设置在方舱四个角上的蜗式升降机构的位置特点，将一个方向的力转换到与这个方向垂直的方向上，保证方舱四个角上蜗式升降机构驱动的同步性。
作为优选，在单根接地支腿的两侧对称设有两个上述的强制开合装置。在接地支腿两侧对称设置两根强制开合装置，保证强制开合的效果和结构稳定。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：
1、该升降机构通过蜗轮减速器的转化提供较大的转动扭矩、减小驱动装置的扭矩要求，且利用蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能使方舱升降平稳、操作安全快速， 适应于快速的野外抢险救援等行动的使用需求；
2、在蜗轮蜗杆减速器上配设离合器，通电时离合器接通、传递动力，实现方舱升降；断电时离合器分离，升降动作停止，并且可通过蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能使升降装置安全可靠；并在蜗轮蜗杆减速器上设手动切换装置，在没有驱动源供应的状况下，可采用手动转动驱动轮进行升降操作，不影响升降机构的正常使用；
3、设置于连接支杆上的强制开合装置在方舱上升或下降时自动将连接支杆锁定，保证方舱升降动作稳定安全；在方舱下降到极限位置后自动解锁连接支杆，使升降机构自动收拢，且整个过程无需人工操作，锁定和解锁过程快速可靠、操作效率高，避免了人工操作的安全隐患；
4、限位部件设置成板状结构，其与外套管的铰接点与限位板同传动部件的铰接部位错开来设置，使得在外套管带动限位板转动时能将传动部件向上或向下拉伸传动，进而实现锁舌杆的锁定或解锁；进一步地，合理设置两个铰接点错开的距离，能确保达到锁舌解锁的尺寸要求；
5、限位板与内套管配合设置的定位结构，当方舱下降至极限位置时，通过定位件和定位槽的配合，限制内套管持续往上收，起到安全保护整个升降机构的作用；内套管收回到外套管内后，外套管落入内套管与轴承之间的间隙中，将外套管下降的极限位置限定，防止升降机构损坏；
6、该蜗式升降系统采用传动杆将四个蜗式升降机构连接，并在其中一个蜗式升降机构上配设驱动装置，这样就能保证四个蜗式升降机构带动方舱升降的动作一致性，即用一点输入驱动能，就能带动方舱四个支撑点同时升降，加上蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能，是的采用该蜗式升降系统的方舱升降过程安全快捷、操作效率高；而利用蜗式升降机构上的手动切换装置，在采用手动升降时，也能通过联动杆传动，即只需一人单点操作，节省人力、提高升降效率，且使用的工况范围广。
附图说明：
图1为本发明蜗式升降系统的结构示意图。
图2为图1的俯视示意图。
图3为本发明蜗式升降机构的结构示意图。
图4为蜗式升降机构的俯视示意图。
图5为蜗式升降机构的强制开合装置的结构示意图。
图6为图5中限位板的结构示意图。
图7为图5中限位轴组件的结构示意图。
图8为图5中滚轮轴组件的结构示意图。
图9为实施例中强制开合装置的锁舌打开时的示意图。
图中标记：1-外套管，2-内套管，3-传动链，301-张紧滑轮，302-下链轮，303-驱动轮，304-传动链轮，4-方舱支座，5-方舱，6-下连接支杆，7-上连接支杆，701-锁孔，8-长连杆，9-锁舌杆，901-铰接孔，10-限位板，1001-限位轴孔，1002-连杆连接孔，1003-定位槽，11-滚轮轴，1101-轴承，12-蜗轮蜗杆减速器，1201-主动锥齿轮，1202-从动锥齿轮，1203-蜗轮同步轮，1204-蜗杆轴，1205-传动连接杆，13-手动切换装置，14-传动杆，15-电机，16-限位轴，17-支杆连接板。
具体实施方式
下面结合试验例及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例，凡基于本发明内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
实施例1
如图1至图4所示，本实施例的蜗式升降机构，包括支设在地面的接地支腿和与方舱5连接的方舱支座4，所述接地支腿包括外套管1和设置在外套管1之内的内套管2，还包括分别连接于方舱支座4和外套管1上的传动链3，所述传动链3配设有与驱动装置连接的驱动轮303，所述传动链3通过驱动装置驱动运转时，外套管1和方舱支座4同步上升和下降；作为本发明的特别设计，在驱动轮303与驱动装置之间连有涡轮蜗杆减速器12，本实施例中，驱动装置为电机15，当电机15带动驱动轮303旋转时，方舱支座4在传动链3的带动下进行升降。
进一步地，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速器12还配设有离合器。本实施例采用牙嵌式离合器，通电时离合器接通、传递动力，实现方舱升降；断电时离合器分离，升降动作停止，并且通过蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能使升降装置安全可靠。
而针对另外一个技术问题，在没有电力供应时升降机构就不能使用的问题：
本实施例采用在蜗轮蜗杆减速器12上设手动切换装置13来实现。这样在驱动装置没有驱动源供应的状况下，可采用手动转动驱动轮进行升降操作，不影响升降机构的正常使用。具体地，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速器的输出轴上加工出的外花键齿，并在轮毂孔壁上加工出内花键齿，使其为花键连接，在无电力供应时，通过断开花键连接，在用手动转动驱动轮时，涡轮蜗杆减速器不会影响方舱的正常升降，实现手动升降的需求。
综上，本实施例的蜗式升降机构利用蜗轮蜗杆减速器大传动比的性能，将驱动装置的转动能转化为较大的输出扭矩提供给驱动轮和传动链，减少对电动驱动装置即电机本身扭矩的要求、节约驱动装置成本，适应于重量较重的方舱升降；并且利用蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能，能减少方舱停止升降时的冲力摆动，使方舱升降平稳、操作安全快速，适应于快速的野外抢险救援等行动的使用需求；
另一方面，通过在蜗轮蜗杆减速器的输出轴上配设离合器，通电时离合器接通、传递动力，实现方舱升降；断电时离合器分离，升降动作停止，并且可通过蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能使升降装置安全可靠；而且在驱动装置配设的手动切换装置，在没有驱动源供应的状况下，可采用手动转动驱动轮进行升降操作，不影响升降机构的正常使用，实现手动升降。
实施例2
如图5至图9所示，本实施例1所述的蜗式升降机构，在上连接支杆7上设有强制开合装置，包括与上连接支杆7上锁孔701配合设置的锁舌杆9，所述锁舌杆9两端之间中部铰接于外套管1上的支杆连接板17上，在锁舌杆9中部对应设置锁舌孔901，所述锁舌杆9一端为锁舌，另一端铰接有传动部件，所述传动部件的自由端与设于外套管1下端的限位部件铰接，所述限位部件与外套管1铰接。
进一步地，所述传动部件为杆状结构的长连杆8，设置于接地支腿外侧。将传动部件设置为长连杆，便于锁舌杆与限位部件的连接和传动，而杆状结构的设计便于设置在接地支腿外侧、减少对其他部件操作的影响。
本实施例中，所述限位部件为板状结构的限位板10，所述限位板10与外套管1铰接，且该铰接点与限位板10同长连杆8的铰接部错位布置。限位部件设置成板状结构，其与外套管的铰接点与限位板同传动部件的铰接部位错开来设置，使得在外套管带动限位板转动时能将传动部件向上或向下拉伸传动，进而实现锁舌杆的锁定或解锁；进一步地，合理设置两个铰接点错开的距离，能确保达到锁舌解锁的尺寸要求。
进一步地，如图7所示，所述限位板10与外套管1铰接的部件为限位轴16，所述限位板10以限位轴16为中心旋转。限位板通过限位轴与外套管连接，让限位板能绕该限位轴旋转进而带动传动部件与锁舌杆的联合运动，当方 舱上升或下降时，通过锁舌将连接支杆位置锁定，达到对整个强制开合装置支撑的作用。
综上所述，本蜗式升降机构中的强制开合装置将锁舌杆的端部与传动部件铰接，而传动部件再与设置于外套管下端的限位部件铰接，通过将限位部件铰接与外套管上，由于在外套管与内套管完全重叠即内套管收回时，锁舌处于解锁状态，所以在方舱上升或下降过程中，即内套管的伸出或收回的过程中，限位部件将绕铰接点转动，在这个过程中，只要内套管未完全收回，限位部件同内套管的铰接点高于其与传动部件的铰接点时，与限位部件铰接的传动部件均处于被迫向下拉的状态，此时，与传动部件铰接的锁舌杆端部被一起向下拉，而整个锁舌杆绕接地支腿上的铰接点转动，导致锁舌杆另一端的锁舌向上运动，插入锁孔并固定牢靠、达到自动锁定连接支杆的作用，这样，就能保证方舱升降时的安全和稳定；
而在方舱下降到极限位置时，即内套管完全收回到外套管内时，限位部件将绕其与内套管的铰接点反向旋转，当限位部件同内套管的铰接点位置等于或低于其与传动部件的铰接点时，传动部件被迫向上推，此时，与传动部件铰接的锁舌杆端部被一起向上运动，进而导致锁舌杆的锁舌向斜下方运动，使锁舌脱离锁孔，达到自动解锁、并让接地支腿自动收拢的目的。综上所述，该强制开合装置在方舱上升或下降时自动将连接支杆锁定，在方舱下降至极限位置时自动解锁连接支杆，整个过程无需人工操作，锁定和解锁过程快速可靠、操作效率高，避免了人工操作的安全隐患。
实施例3
如图5至图9所示，根据本实施例1所述的蜗式升降机构，所述限位板10与内套管2还对应设有定位结构，所述定位结构包括设置于内套管2上的定位件、及在限位板10上对应设置的定位槽1003，当定位件随内套管2收回到外 套管1内时，所述定位件与定位槽1003相组合。限位板与内套管配合设置的定位结构，当方舱下降至极限位置时，通过定位件和定位槽的配合，限制内套管持续往上收，起到安全保护整个升降机构的作用。
如图6所示，限位板10上设有用于与外套管1铰接的限位轴孔1001，还设有用于与长连杆8铰接的连杆连接孔1002。
如图8所示，本实施例的定位件为安装在内套管2底端管壁上的滚轮轴11，在所述滚轮轴11上设有与定位槽尺寸相适应的轴承1101。
进一步地，所述滚轮轴11上的轴承1101与内套管2外壁之间的距离与外套管1的管壁厚度相适应，当定位件随内套管2收回到外套管1内时，滚轮轴1101与外套管1的下端面接触。内套管收回到外套管内后，外套管落入内套管与轴承之间的间隙中，将外套管下降的极限位置限定，防止升降机构损坏。
实施例4
如图1和图2所示，本实施提成一种蜗式升降系统，包括用于分别支设于方舱5四角上的四个蜗式升降机构，在其中一个蜗式升降机构上连有驱动装置，本实施例的驱动装置为电机15，四个所述蜗式升降机构通过传动杆14依次连接进行传动。
具体地，如图2所示，以设置有电机15的蜗式升降机构为第一蜗式升降机构，其通过传动杆14顺时针或逆时针依次与其他蜗式升降机构连接，最后一个蜗式升降机构与第一蜗式升降机构之间不需要设置传动杆14。这样就只需对第一蜗式升降机构驱动便可实现方舱的四个角同步升降，方便单人单点操作。
更进一步地，如图4所示，在传动杆14连接两个蜗式升降机构时，传动杆动杆的两端设有直齿锥齿轮对，该直齿锥齿轮对包括相互配合的主动锥齿轮 1201和从动锥齿轮1202，所述直齿锥齿轮对与传动杆14或蜗轮蜗杆减速器的蜗杆轴1204相连，在蜗杆轴1204受到传动杆14的动能时，带动蜗轮同步轮1203旋转，而蜗轮同步轮1203与驱动轮303是配对设置的，进而启动升降机构的传动链运动，实现升降机构的升降操作；如图4所示，为了方便传动杆14的拆卸，在直齿锥齿轮对的接入口还设有传动连接杆1205，用于传动杆14的连接。利用直齿锥齿轮对转化传动杆的传力方向，适应于分别设置在方舱四个角上的蜗式升降机构的位置特性，将一个方向的力转换到与这个方向垂直的方向上，保证方舱四个角上蜗式升降机构驱动的同步性。
综上所述，本实施例的蜗式升降系统采用传动杆将四个蜗式升降机构连接，并在其中一个蜗式升降机构上配设驱动装置，这样就能保证四个蜗式升降机构带动方舱升降的动作一致性，即用一点输入驱动能，就能带动方舱四个支撑点同时升降，加上蜗轮蜗杆的自锁性能，是的采用该蜗式升降系统的方舱升降过程安全快捷、操作效率高；而利用蜗式升降机构上的手动切换装置，在采用手动升降时，也能通过联动杆传动，即只需一人单点操作，节省人力、提高升降效率，且使用的工况范围广。
本说明书中公开的所有特征，或公开的所有方法或过程中的步骤，除了互相排斥的特征和/或步骤以外，均可以以任何方式组合。
本说明书(包括任何附加权利要求、摘要和附图)中公开的任一特征，除非特别叙述，均可被其他等效或具有类似目的的替代特征加以替换。即，除非特别叙述，每个特征只是一系列等效或类似特征中的一个例子而已。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种蜗式升降机构，包括与传动链配合设置的驱动轮和驱动装置，其特征在于，在驱动轮与驱动装置之间配设有蜗轮蜗杆减速器，当驱动装置带动驱动轮旋转时，方舱支座在传动链的带动下进行升降。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蜗式升降机构，其特征在于，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速器配设有离合器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的蜗式升降机构，其特征在于，在蜗轮蜗杆减速器上还设有手动切换装置，用于断开驱动装置与驱动轮的连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的蜗式升降机构，其特征在于，在连接支杆上设有强制开合装置，包括与连接支杆上锁孔配合设置的锁舌杆，所述锁舌杆两端之间的任一部位铰接于接地支腿上，所述锁舌杆一端为锁舌，另一端铰接有传动部件，所述传动部件的自由端与设于外套管下端的限位部件铰接，所述限位部件与外套管铰接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的蜗式升降机构，其特征在于，所述传动部件为杆状结构的长连杆，所述限位部件为板状结构的限位板，所述限位板与外套管铰接，且该铰接点与限位板同长连杆的铰接部错位布置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的蜗式升降机构，其特征在于，所述限位板与外套管铰接的部件为限位轴，所述限位板以限位轴为中心旋转。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的蜗式升降机构，其特征在于，所述限位板与内套管还对应设有定位结构，所述定位结构包括设置于内套管上的定位件、及在限位板上对应设置的定位槽，当定位件随内套管收回到外套管内时，所述定位件与定位槽相组合。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的蜗式升降机构，其特征在于，所述定位件为安装在内套管底端管壁上的滚轮轴，当定位件随内套管收回到外套管内时，滚轮轴与外套管的下端面接触。
  9. 一种蜗式升降系统，其特征在于，包括用于分别支设于方舱四角上的四个蜗式升降机构，在其中一个蜗式升降机构上连有驱动装置，四个所述蜗式升降机构通过传动杆依次连接传动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的蜗式升降系统，其特征在于，在传动杆的两端设有直齿锥齿轮对，该直齿锥齿轮对包括相互配合的主动锥齿轮和从动锥齿轮，所述直齿锥齿轮对与传动杆或蜗轮蜗杆减速器的蜗杆轴相连。
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