WO2018188524A1 - 基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置 - Google Patents

基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018188524A1
WO2018188524A1 PCT/CN2018/082115 CN2018082115W WO2018188524A1 WO 2018188524 A1 WO2018188524 A1 WO 2018188524A1 CN 2018082115 W CN2018082115 W CN 2018082115W WO 2018188524 A1 WO2018188524 A1 WO 2018188524A1
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Prior art keywords
light source
module
light
spectrum
fluorescence
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PCT/CN2018/082115
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English (en)
French (fr)
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易长青
刘忠刚
蒋乐伦
叶睿
许树佳
陈琼燕
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中山大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/42—Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry
    • G01J3/427—Dual wavelengths spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G01J2003/102—Plural sources
    • G01J2003/106—Plural sources the two sources being alternating or selectable, e.g. in two ranges or line:continuum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N2021/6463—Optics
    • G01N2021/6467—Axial flow and illumination

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of spectrometer technology, in particular to an absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on a mobile intelligent terminal.
  • mobile intelligent terminals such as smart phones, tablets, etc.
  • the mobile intelligent terminal has the functions of a computer.
  • the mobile intelligent terminal can realize the functions of a general large-scale instrument.
  • spectral detection has a wide range of applications and clear industrialization prospects in the fields of food testing, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis and clinical monitoring.
  • Conventional spectral detection techniques are not directly used for rapid detection in the field due to the cumbersome size, high cost, and complicated operation of the system.
  • some miniature spectrometers have been developed by companies or teams represented by Ocean Optics, Holland Evantas, and Hamamatsu, Japan. Although these devices can be palm-sized and cost less than 10,000 yuan, they are still a separate and complete hardware system, including light sources, circuits, and external display devices, which cannot be truly portable.
  • the high-resolution camera of the mobile intelligent terminal can capture the visible light spectrum, and the terminal screen can be used as a display device. Only the design of the light source related module and the mobile intelligent terminal can be combined, and the terminal software can be used to implement the mobile intelligent terminal platform.
  • Spectral detection device Compared to the currently popular miniature spectrometers, such spectroscopic devices have lower cost and better portability.
  • spectrum detection devices can also upload data directly without the need for additional network equipment.
  • the current spectrum detection devices based on mobile intelligent terminals can only achieve a single detection mode. For example, only colorimetric detection or fluorescence detection can be realized, and a single detection mode has low sensitivity, small detection range, or poor specificity.
  • the invention provides an absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on a mobile intelligent terminal, which can perform real-time real-time, high-precision multi-mode fast spectrum detection.
  • An absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on a mobile intelligent terminal comprising: a mobile intelligent terminal having a CCD camera, a touch display screen and a central processing unit, an optical sensing accessory, and the optical sensing accessory mounted on the mobile intelligent terminal
  • the optical sensing accessory includes a light source for the colorimetric detection mode and a light source 2 for the fluorescence detection mode, and the outgoing light path of the light source one and the outgoing light path of the light source two are mutually Vertically;
  • the optical sensing accessory further includes a cuvette, the cuvette is coaxial with the exiting optical path and the outgoing optical path, and the light source is a full spectrum light source, the light source Exciting light of the second excitation light excites the solution in the cuvette to generate fluorescence of a desired wavelength
  • the optical sensing attachment further comprising a mirror disposed at a rear end of the cuvette and along the exiting optical path, The exiting optical path has an incident angle with the mirror, and the optical sensing accessory further includes
  • the mobile intelligent terminal includes a main menu module, a spectrum acquisition module, a colorimetric module, a fluorescence module, and a concentration display module; the main menu module sends a selection detection mode instruction to the light source control module, and the light source control module follows The selection detection mode command selects the light source one or the light source two to work, when the light source one or the light source two works, no solution to be tested is added to the cuvette or added to be tested In the two states of the solution, the main menu module sends a spectrum acquisition instruction to the spectrum acquisition module, and the spectrum acquisition module controls the CCD camera of the mobile intelligent terminal to take a photo according to the spectrum acquisition instruction, and obtain each photo in the photo.
  • the light intensity is plotted as a spectrum according to the relationship between the wavelength and the pixel, and the spectrum is transmitted to the colorimetric module or the fluorescent module according to a selective detection mode, the colorimetric module Obtaining the light intensity of two specific wavelengths in the state where no solution to be tested or a solution to be tested is added according to the spectrum, and then according to Lambert Beer
  • the law formula obtains the absorbance of the solution to be tested at two specific wavelengths, and obtains the concentration of the analyte according to a linear relationship between the ratio of the absorbance at the two specific wavelengths and the concentration of the analyte
  • the fluorescence module acquires The relative change value of the light intensity at a specific wavelength in the spectrogram in the state where no solution to be tested or the solution to be tested is added, and the linear relationship between the relative change value and the concentration of the solution to be tested is obtained.
  • a concentration of the solution the concentration display module receiving the concentration sent by the colorimetric module or the fluorescent module, and displaying the concentration
  • the adapter mounts the optical sensing accessory on the mobile intelligent terminal, and the user can select both the colorimetric and fluorescent detection modes.
  • the colorimetric detection mode is selected, the light source is turned on, and when the fluorescence detection mode is selected, When the light source is turned on, the light from the light source 2 will excite the solution in the cuvette to fluoresce, and the light passing through the cuvette along the exit light path is reflected on the mirror, and the reflected light is reflected on the diffraction grating.
  • the spectroscopic effect of the diffraction grating forms a spectral band and reaches the CCD camera; the spectral acquisition module, the colorimetric module, and the fluorescence module in the mobile intelligent terminal can finally obtain the concentration of the solution to be tested according to the photograph taken by the CCD camera, thereby showing that
  • the absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on the mobile intelligent terminal is light and portable, simple in operation and low in price, and can realize real-time real-time and high-precision multi-mode fast spectrum detection of the object to be tested by using two detection modes of colorimetric and fluorescent.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting apparatus based on a mobile intelligent terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of an absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on a mobile intelligent terminal in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of correction between a wavelength and a pixel of an absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on a mobile intelligent terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of detection of an absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on a mobile intelligent terminal in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting apparatus based on a mobile intelligent terminal, which will be described in detail below.
  • the mobile intelligent terminal is a smart phone
  • the solution to be tested is a nano gold reaction solution.
  • the absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on the mobile intelligent terminal includes a smartphone 01, an adapter 02, and an optical sensing accessory 03, and the optical sensing accessory 03 is fixed to the smartphone 01 through the adapter 02.
  • the smartphone 01 has a CCD camera 9, a display screen 10, and a central processing unit.
  • the optical sensing accessory 03 includes a light source 1 for a colorimetric detection mode and a light source 2 for a fluorescence detection mode.
  • the exiting optical path of the source one is perpendicular to the outgoing optical path of the light source 2; the optical sensing accessory 03 further comprises a cuvette 3, the cuvette 3 and the outgoing optical path and the outgoing optical path are coaxial.
  • the light emitted from the light source 1 is transmitted out of the cuvette 3, and the light source 1 is a full-spectrum light source, and the light emitted from the light source 2 2 excites the solution in the cuvette 3 to generate fluorescence of a desired wavelength, and the fluorescence can also
  • the cuvette 3 is transmitted in a direction along the exiting optical path.
  • the optical sensing attachment 03 further includes a mirror 6 disposed at the rear end of the cuvette 3 and along the exiting optical path.
  • the exiting optical path 1 and the reflecting mirror 6 have an incident angle.
  • the optical sensing accessory 03 further includes a diffraction grating 8 disposed between the CCD camera 9 and the mirror 6.
  • the optical sensing accessory 03 further includes a light source control mode The light source control module and the light source 1 and a second circuit connected to the light source, each light source separately controlling opening and closing.
  • the light emitted through the cuvette 3 and along the exiting optical path may be the light emitted by the light source 1 or the fluorescent light excited by the light source 2 .
  • exiting optical path of the light source 1 and the outgoing optical path of the light source 2 are perpendicular to each other because the fluorescence signal of the solution to be tested is weak relative to the excitation light, in order to reduce the interference of the excitation light.
  • the diffraction grating 8 functions to split the reflected light of the mirror 6 by the diffraction grating 8 when the light source is a full-spectrum light source.
  • the optical sensing accessory 03 further includes an aperture 4 with an adjustable aperture size, a focusing lens 5, and a focusing lens 2, which may affect the sensitivity of the detecting device because the light transmitted through the cuvette is too strong.
  • the aperture 4 is used to control the light entering the CCD camera 9 of the mobile phone, and the focusing lens 5 is for reducing the amount of light emitted by the light source 1 on the mirror 6, by focusing through the aperture 4 The light is focused on the surface of the mirror 6.
  • the focus lens 2 is because the diffraction quality of the grating is affected by the shape of the incident light, and is used to focus the reflected light of the mirror 6 on the surface of the diffraction grating 8, specifically Between the cuvette 3 and the mirror 6, a pluggable aperture 4 and a pluggable focus lens 5 are sequentially disposed, and the light transmitted through the focus lens 5 is reflected by the mirror 6, and the reflected light is transmitted.
  • the focusing lens 2 and the diffraction grating 8 reach the CCD camera 9 of the smartphone 01.
  • the light source 1 is a full-spectrum LED lamp
  • the light source 2 is an LED lamp or a laser lamp of a specific wavelength.
  • the focusing lens 5 and the focusing lens 2 are plano-convex lenses each having a thickness of 1 mm, a diameter of 10 mm, and a focal length of 25 mm and 15 mm, respectively;
  • the mirror 6 is a plane mirror and has a thickness of 1 mm, diameter 10 mm;
  • diffraction grating 8 is a transmission grating, thickness 2 mm, diameter 10 mm, and its score line is not less than 1200 lines/mm.
  • the optical sensing accessory 03 further includes a sample slot, and the cuvette 3 is engaged in the sample slot, and can be flexibly taken out or placed.
  • the optical sensing accessory 03 further includes a light source control module, and the light source control module is respectively connected to the light source 1 and the light source 2 circuit.
  • the light source 1 and the light source 2 are also connected to the USB interface circuit of the mobile phone, and the light source 1 and the light source 2 are powered by the built-in battery of the mobile phone.
  • the smart phone includes a main menu module, a spectrum acquisition module, a colorimetric module, a fluorescence module, a concentration display module, and a network sharing module.
  • the main menu module sends a selection detection mode command to the light source control module, and the light source control module controls the light source 1 or the light source 2 to operate according to the selection detection mode command, when the light source 1 or the light source 2 works, in the colorimetric
  • the dish 3 is not added with the nano gold reaction solution or the nano gold reaction solution, in other words, in the colorimetric detection mode, the light source operates at a level, and no nano gold reaction solution or nanometer is added to the cuvette 3
  • the main menu module is sent to the spectrum acquisition module.
  • the spectrum acquisition module controls the CCD camera 9 of the smart phone according to the spectrum acquisition instruction to obtain the light intensity of each pixel in the photo, and draws the light intensity into a spectrum according to the relationship between the wavelength and the pixel, according to the detection mode.
  • a spectrogram is sent to the colorimetric module or the fluorescence module.
  • the colorimetric module acquires the light intensity of two specific wavelengths in the two states without adding the nano gold reaction solution or the nano gold reaction solution according to the spectrum, that is, the colorimetric module according to the spectrum
  • the figure obtains the light intensity at a wavelength of 520 nm and a wavelength of 625 nm without adding a nano gold reaction solution or a nano gold reaction solution, and then obtains the absorbance A of the nano gold reaction solution corresponding to the wavelength of 625 nm according to the Lambert Beer's law formula.
  • the fluorescence module acquires the relative change value of the light intensity at the wavelength of 517 nm in the spectrum without adding the solution to be tested or adding the solution to be tested, because the relative change value is within a certain concentration range.
  • concentration of the analyte increases linearly, the concentration of the analyte is obtained according to a linear relationship between the relative variation value and the concentration of the analyte.
  • the concentration display module displays the concentration information on the mobile phone display screen 10 according to the concentration sent by the colorimetric module or the fluorescent module, and transmits the corresponding concentration to the network sharing module, and the network sharing module receives the concentration and distributes it on the network.
  • the adapter mounts the optical sensing accessory on the smart phone, and the user can select both the colorimetric and fluorescent detection modes.
  • the colorimetric detection mode is selected, the light source is turned on, and when the fluorescence detection mode is selected,
  • the light source 2 is turned on, the light emitted from the light source 2 excites the solution in the cuvette to generate fluorescence, and the light emitted by the light source 1 and the fluorescent light generated by the light source 2 excitation solution pass through the cuvette 3, the aperture 4, and the focusing lens. 5.
  • the CCD camera 9 is reached.
  • the spectrum acquisition module, the colorimetric module and the fluorescence module in the smart phone can finally obtain the concentration of the solution to be tested according to the photograph taken by the CCD camera. It can be seen that the structure of the absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on the mobile intelligent terminal is light and portable, simple in operation and low in price, and the two detection modes of colorimetric and fluorescent can realize real-time real-time, high-precision multi-mode fast of the object to be tested. Spectral detection.
  • the absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting apparatus in this embodiment further has a correction function capable of correcting the relationship between the wavelength and the photo pixel before performing the detection.
  • the correction process will be specifically described below.
  • the light source is replaced by a full spectrum light source to a laser light having a wavelength of 405 nm, and the light source control module controls the laser light according to a selection detection mode command sent by the main menu module in the mobile phone, and there is no nano gold reaction solution in the cuvette.
  • the main menu module sends a spectrum acquisition instruction to the spectrum acquisition module in the mobile phone, and the spectrum acquisition module controls the CCD camera of the mobile phone to take a picture, and records the pixel position P 405 of the emitted light of the laser light in the photo.
  • the laser light having the wavelength of 405 nm is replaced with a laser light having a wavelength of 450 nm, and the operation flow of the mobile phone in step 301 is performed to obtain the pixel position P 450 of the emitted light of the laser light having a wavelength of 450 nm in the photograph.
  • the laser light having the wavelength of 450 nm is replaced with a laser light having a wavelength of 532 nm, and the operation flow of the mobile phone in step 301 is performed to obtain the pixel position P 532 of the emitted light of the laser light having a wavelength of 532 nm in the photograph.
  • the laser light having the wavelength of 532 nm is replaced with a laser light having a wavelength of 650 nm, and the operation flow of the mobile phone in step 301 is performed to obtain the pixel position P 650 of the emitted light of the laser light having a wavelength of 650 nm in the photograph.
  • the spectrum acquisition module of the mobile phone linearly fits the four points (405, P 405 ), (450, P 450 ), (532, P 532 ) and (650, P 650 ) obtained in the above steps to obtain the wavelength and The relationship between pixels.
  • the spectrum acquisition module obtains the relationship between the wavelength and the pixel, replaces the light source one with the full spectrum light source, and the main menu module sends a selection detection mode command to the light source control module, and the detection starts.
  • the detection process of the absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device in the present embodiment will be specifically described below by taking the test object as methamphetamine as an example.
  • the process of preparing the nano gold reaction solution is: first adding 10 ⁇ L of 5 ⁇ M methamphetamine nucleic acid aptamer (end-modified fluorescent probe with excitation of 495 nm and emission of 517 nm) to 120 ⁇ L containing the analyte A After reacting for 5 min at room temperature in a sample solution of amphetamine, 150 ⁇ L of a 9 nM nano gold solution was added, and after 5 minutes of the reaction, 20 ⁇ L of a 500 nM NaCl solution was added.
  • the light source control module in the optical sensing accessory controls the light source to work according to the instruction sent by the main menu module in the mobile phone;
  • the main menu module in the mobile phone sends a selection detection mode command to the light source control module, and the light source control module controls the light source to work according to the selection detection mode command, that is, the emitted light is white light of the full spectrum.
  • the spectrum acquisition module acquires the spectrum S 0 and the spectrum S;
  • the light emitted by the light source passes through the cuvette, the aperture, the focusing lens, the mirror, the focusing lens 2 and the diffraction grating to reach the CCD camera.
  • the main menu module in the mobile phone sends a spectrum acquisition instruction to the spectrum acquisition module in the mobile phone, and the spectrum acquisition module controls the CCD camera of the mobile phone according to the spectrum acquisition instruction to obtain a photo.
  • the light intensity of each pixel is plotted as a spectrum S 0 according to the relationship between the wavelength and the pixel.
  • the main menu module in the mobile phone sends a spectrum acquisition instruction to the spectrum acquisition module in the mobile phone again, and the spectrum acquisition module controls the CCD camera of the mobile phone according to the spectrum acquisition instruction to obtain a photo.
  • the light intensity of each pixel is plotted as a spectrum S according to the relationship between the wavelength and the pixel.
  • the colorimetric module obtains the concentration of methamphetamine
  • Mobile colorimetric module according spectra S 0 and spectra S are obtained light intensity I 0G wavelength at 520nm and I G, also in accordance with spectrum S 0 and spectra S are obtained light intensity at the wavelength 625nm at I 0R and I R , and then according to the Lambert Beer's law formula, the absorbance A 625 of the nano gold reaction solution at a wavelength of 625 nm and the absorbance A 520 at a wavelength of 520 nm, respectively, thereby obtaining an absorbance ratio A 625 /A 520 , and finally according to the absorbance ratio and A
  • the linear relationship between the concentrations of amphetamine gives the concentration of methamphetamine.
  • the linear relationship between the absorbance ratio and the concentration of methamphetamine means that the ratio of absorbance increases linearly with increasing concentration of methamphetamine, specifically by presetting the linear relationship between ratio and concentration in the colorimetric module. The curve is converted.
  • the colorimetric module sends the concentration of methamphetamine to the concentration display module.
  • the concentration display module displays the density on the screen of the mobile phone, and is distributed by the network sharing module to the network;
  • the light source control module in the optical sensing accessory controls the light source two according to the instruction sent by the main menu module in the mobile phone;
  • the main menu module in the mobile phone sends a selection detection mode command to the light source control module, and the light source control module controls the light source two according to the selection detection mode command, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source 2 is 495 nm, and the solution in the cuvette is excited. Produces fluorescence.
  • step 406 The fluorescence passes through the cuvette, the aperture, the focusing lens, the mirror, the focusing lens 2, and the diffraction grating to reach the CCD camera.
  • the execution flow of step 406 is the same as the execution flow of step 402.
  • the fluorescence module in the mobile phone obtains the light intensities F 0 and F at a wavelength of 517 nm according to the acquired spectra S′ 0 and S′, respectively, and then obtains the relative change in the fluorescence intensity of the nano gold reaction solution under the illumination of the lamp source 2 .
  • the value based on the linear relationship between the relative change and the concentration of methamphetamine, gives the concentration of methamphetamine.
  • the linear relationship between the relative change value and the concentration of methamphetamine means that the relative change value increases linearly with the increase of the concentration of methamphetamine, which can be preset by linearly adjusting the relative change value and concentration in the fluorescence module.
  • the standard curve of the relationship is converted.
  • the fluorescence module sends the concentration of methamphetamine to the concentration display module.
  • the concentration display module displays the concentration of methamphetamine provided by the fluorescent module on the screen of the mobile phone, and is distributed by the network sharing module to the network.
  • the above is a detailed description of the absorption and fluorescence spectrum detecting device based on the mobile intelligent terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the principle and the embodiment of the present invention are described in the specific examples, and the description of the above embodiment is only The method for understanding the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there are some changes in the specific implementation and application scope, for example, in this embodiment
  • the ratio of the absorbance of the nanogold reaction solution at 625 nm and 520 nm may also be A 520 /A 625 , where the linear relationship between the ratio and the concentration is: the ratio decreases linearly with increasing concentration; for example, nucleic acid adaptation
  • Other fluorescent probes can be modified on the body, and the corresponding laser or LED is selected as the light source 2 according to its excitation wavelength, and the relative change value of the fluorescence intensity at the emission wavelength of the fluorescent probe is selected by the fluorescence module to calculate the concentration of the analyte
  • the present invention detects specificity of a nucleic acid aptamer-specificity by replacing a nucleic acid adaptor sequence , which can be used for specific detection of other substances in other fields; for example, absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy detection devices based on mobile intelligent terminals can also perform colorimetric detection by means other than nano gold particles, as long as The position of the characteristic absorption peak is changed, and the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of the characteristic absorption peak is selected in the colorimetric module to calculate the absorbance.
  • absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy detection devices based on mobile intelligent terminals can also perform colorimetric detection by means other than nano gold particles, as long as The position of the characteristic absorption peak is changed, and the light intensity corresponding to the wavelength of the characteristic absorption peak is selected in the colorimetric module to calculate the absorbance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，包括移动智能终端、光学传感附件（03）和适配器（02），将光学传感附件（03）通过适配器（02）安装于移动智能终端上，当选择比色检测模式时，灯源一（1）开启，当选择荧光检测模式时，灯源二（2）开启，沿出射光路一的透过比色皿（3）的光在反射镜（6）上发生反射，反射光照在衍射光栅（8）上，经过衍射光栅（8）的分光作用，形成一个光谱带，到达CCD摄像头（9）；移动智能终端中的光谱采集模块、比色模块、荧光模块能够按照CCD摄像头（9）拍摄的照片最终得到待测溶液的浓度。

Description

基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置 技术领域
本发明涉及光谱仪技术领域，尤其涉及基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置。
背景技术
随着计算机技术的发展，移动智能终端(例如智能手机、平板电脑等)已经逐渐成为人们生活中的不可或缺的工具。由于具有高性能的CPU，使得移动智能终端具备了计算机所具备的功能，通过添加一些简单的附件，移动智能终端即可实现一般大型仪器的功能。
随着人们对实时检测的需求，光谱检测在食品检测、环境监测、疾病诊断和临床监护等领域有着广泛的应用和明确的产业化前景。常规的光谱检测技术由于系统体积笨重，价格昂贵和操作复杂等不足，使得这些技术不能直接用于现场快速检测。针对于这一不足，以美国海洋光学、荷兰爱万提斯、日本滨松等为代表的公司或者团队开发了一些微型的光谱仪。这些设备虽然可以做到手掌大小，价格不足万元，但是它们仍然是一个独立完整的硬件系统，包括光源、电路、外显设备等，不能实现真正的便携。所幸的是，移动智能终端的高分辨率摄像头可以拍摄可见光光谱，终端屏幕可以作为显示设备，只需要设计光源相关模块与移动智能终端结合，再辅以终端软件，即可实现基于移动智能终端平台的光谱检测装置。与目前流行的微型光谱仪相比，这类光谱检测装置具有更低的成本和更好的便携性。另外，通过移动互联网，这类光谱检测装置还可以直接上传数据，无需附加的网络设备。
但是，目前的基于移动智能终端的光谱检测装置往往只能实现单一的检测模式，例如只能实现比色检测或荧光检测，单一的检测模式存在灵敏度低、检测范围小或特异性差等不足，限制了这类光谱检测装置在现场快速检测方面的应用。多种检测模式同时检测，可以对检测结果进行相互校正，确保检测结果 的准确性，因此，在现场实现实时、多模式检测这一需求亟待解决。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，能够进行实时实地、高精度多模式快速光谱检测。
一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，包括：具有CCD摄像头、触控显示屏和中央处理器的移动智能终端、光学传感附件、将所述光学传感附件安装于移动智能终端上的适配器；所述光学传感附件包括用于比色检测模式的灯源一和用于荧光检测模式的灯源二，灯源一的出射光路一与灯源二的出射光路二相互垂直；所述光学传感附件还包括比色皿，所述比色皿与所述出射光路一和所述出射光路二同轴，所述灯源一为全光谱光源，所述灯源二的出射光激发所述比色皿内的溶液产生检测所需波长的荧光，所述光学传感附件还包括在所述比色皿后端且沿所述出射光路一设置的反射镜，所述出射光路一与所述反射镜存在入射角，所述光学传感附件还包括设置在所述CCD摄像头与所述反射镜之间的衍射光栅，经比色皿且沿所述出射光路一的出射光经过所述反射镜反射后垂直入射所述衍射光栅，透过所述衍射光栅再衍射在CCD摄像头上，所述光学传感附件还包括灯源控制模块，所述灯源控制模块与每个灯源电路连接，分别控制每个灯源的开闭；
所述移动智能终端包括主菜单模块、光谱采集模块、比色模块、荧光模块、浓度显示模块；所述主菜单模块向所述灯源控制模块发送选择检测模式指令，所述灯源控制模块按照所述选择检测模式指令选择所述灯源一或所述灯源二工作，当所述灯源一或所述灯源二工作时，在所述比色皿没有加入待测溶液或加入待测溶液两种状态下，所述主菜单模块向所述光谱采集模块发送光谱采集指令，所述光谱采集模块按照所述光谱采集指令控制所述移动智能终端的所述CCD摄像头拍照、获取照片中每个像素的光强度、按照波长与像素之间的关系将所述光强度绘制成光谱图、按照选择检测模式向所述比色模块或所述荧光模块发送所述光谱图，所述比色模块按照所述光谱图获取在没有加入待测溶液 或加入待测溶液两种状态下的两个特定波长的光强度，再根据朗伯比尔定律公式获取待测溶液在两个特定波长处的吸光度，按照所述两个特定波长处的吸光度的比值与待测物浓度之间的线性关系获取待测物的浓度，所述荧光模块获取所述光谱图中某一特定波长处光强度在没有加入待测溶液或加入待测溶液两种状态下的相对变化值，按照所述相对变化值与待测溶液浓度之间的线性关系获取待测溶液的浓度，所述浓度显示模块接收所述比色模块或者所述荧光模块发送的所述浓度，在所述移动智能终端的触控显示屏上显示所述浓度。
在本发明中，适配器将光学传感附件安装于移动智能终端上，用户可以选择比色和荧光两种检测模式，当选择比色检测模式时，灯源一开启，当选择荧光检测模式时，灯源二开启，灯源二的出射光会激发比色皿中的溶液产生荧光，沿出射光路一的透过比色皿的光在反射镜上发生反射，反射光照在衍射光栅上，经过衍射光栅的分光作用，形成一个光谱带，到达CCD摄像头；移动智能终端中的光谱采集模块、比色模块、荧光模块能够按照CCD摄像头拍摄的照片最终得到待测溶液的浓度，由此可见，该基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置结构轻巧便携，操作简单和价格低廉，利用比色和荧光两种检测模式，能够实现对待测物的进行实时实地、高精度多模式快速光谱检测。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中的一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例中一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置的原理示意图；
图3是本发明实施例中一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置的波长与像素之间的校正流程图；
图4是本发明实施例中一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置的检测流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，以下进行详细说明。
在本实施例中，移动智能终端为智能手机、待测溶液为纳米金反应溶液。
参照图1，基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置包括智能手机01、适配器02和光学传感附件03，光学传感附件03通过适配器02固定在智能手机01上。
参照图2，智能手机01具有CCD摄像头9、显示屏10和中央处理器，光学传感附件03包含用于比色检测模式的灯源一1和用于荧光检测模式的灯源二2，灯源一1的出射光路一与灯源二2的出射光路二相互垂直；光学传感附件03还包括比色皿3，比色皿3与出射光路一和出射光路二同轴，灯源一1的出射光透射出比色皿3，且灯源一1为全光谱光源，灯源二2的出射光激发比色皿3内的溶液产生检测所需波长的荧光，荧光也能沿出射光路一方向透射出比色皿3，光学传感附件03还包括在比色皿3后端且沿出射光路一设置的反射镜6，出射光路一与反射镜6存在入射角，光学传感附件03还包括设置在CCD摄像头9与反射镜6之间的衍射光栅8，经比色皿3且沿出射光路一的出射光经过反射镜6反射后垂直入射衍射光栅8，透过衍射光栅8再衍射在CCD摄像头9上，光学传感附件03还包括灯源控制模块，所述灯源控制模块与灯源一1和灯源2电路连接，分别控制每个灯源的开闭。
需要说明的是，在本文中，经比色皿3且沿出射光路一的出射光可以是灯源一1发出的光，也可以是灯源二2激发的荧光。
还需要说明的是，灯源一1的出射光路一与灯源二2的出射光路二相互垂直是因为待测溶液的荧光信号相对激发光较弱，为了减小激发光的干扰。
还需要说明的是，衍射光栅8的作用在于，当灯源是全光谱光源时，利用衍射光栅8对反射镜6的反射光进行分光。
在本实施例中，可选的，光学传感附件03还包括可调孔径大小的光圈4、聚焦透镜一5和聚焦透镜二7，由于透过比色皿的光太强会影响检测装置的灵 敏度，为了提高检测装置的灵敏度，光圈4用来控制进入手机CCD摄像头9的光，聚焦透镜一5是为了降低灯源一1的出射光在反射镜6上的损耗量，通过聚焦透过光圈4的光，使其能聚焦在反射镜6的表面，聚焦透镜二7是由于光栅的衍射质量受入射光形状的影响，用来使反射镜6的反射光能聚焦在衍射光栅8的表面，具体为：在比色皿3和反射镜6之间依次设置有可插拔的光圈4和可插拔的聚焦透镜一5、透过聚焦透镜一5的光经过反射镜6发生反射，反射光透过聚焦透镜二7和衍射光栅8，到达智能手机01的CCD摄像头9。
在本实施例中，可选的，灯源一1为全光谱LED灯，灯源二2为特定波长的LED灯或激光灯。
在本实施例中，可选的，聚焦透镜一5和聚焦透镜二7为平凸透镜，厚度均为1mm，直径均为10mm，焦距分别为25mm和15mm；反射镜6为平面反射镜，厚度为1mm，直径为10mm；衍射光栅8为透射光栅，厚度为2mm，直径为10mm，其刻线不小于1200lines/mm。
在本实施例中，可选的，为了方便清洗比色皿3，光学传感附件03还包括一个样品槽，比色皿3卡合在样品槽中，能够灵活取出或放入。
光学传感附件03还包括灯源控制模块，灯源控制模块分别与灯源一1和灯源二2电路相连。可选的，灯源一1和灯源二2还与手机的USB接口电路连接，由手机的内置电池给灯源一1和灯源二2供电。
智能手机包括主菜单模块、光谱采集模块、比色模块、荧光模块、浓度显示模块和网络共享模块。
主菜单模块向灯源控制模块发送选择检测模式指令，灯源控制模块按照选择检测模式指令控制灯源一1或灯源二2工作，当灯源一1或灯源二2工作，在比色皿3没有加入纳米金反应溶液或加入纳米金反应溶液两种状态下，换言之，即：在比色检测模式下，灯源一1工作，在比色皿3没有加入纳米金反应溶液或加入纳米金反应溶液两种状态下，或者在荧光检测模式下，灯源二2工作，在比色皿3没有加入纳米金反应溶液或加入纳米金反应溶液两种状态下， 主菜单模块向光谱采集模块发送光谱采集指令，光谱采集模块按照光谱采集指令控制智能手机的CCD摄像头9拍照，获取照片中每个像素的光强度，按照波长和像素之间的关系将光强度绘制成光谱图，按照检测模式向比色模块或者荧光模块发送光谱图。
当选择检测模式为比色模式时，比色模块按照光谱图获取在没有加入纳米金反应溶液或加入纳米金反应溶液两种状态下的两个特定波长的光强度，即，比色模块按照光谱图获取没有加入纳米金反应溶液或加入纳米金反应溶液两种状态下的520nm波长和625nm波长处的光强度，再根据朗伯比尔定律公式：获取对应于625nm波长的纳米金反应溶液的吸光度A 625和对应于520nm波长的纳米金反应溶液的吸光度A 520，进而得到吸光度的比值A 625/A 520，由于在一定浓度范围内，比值A 625/A 520随着待测物浓度的增大而线性增大，按照比值与待测物浓度之间的线性关系获取待测物的浓度。
当选择检测模式为荧光模式时，荧光模块获取光谱图中517nm波长处光强度在没有加入待测溶液或加入待测溶液两种状态下的相对变化值，由于在一定浓度范围内，相对变化值随着待测物浓度的增大而线性增大，按照相对变化值与待测物浓度之间的线性关系获取待测物的浓度。
浓度显示模块按照比色模块或荧光模块发送过来的浓度，在手机显示屏10上显示浓度信息，并向网络共享模块发送对应的浓度，网络共享模块接收浓度并发布于网络上。
在本实施例中，适配器将光学传感附件安装于智能手机上，用户可以选择比色和荧光两种检测模式，当选择比色检测模式时，灯源一开启，当选择荧光检测模式时，灯源二开启，灯源二的出射光会激发比色皿中的溶液产生荧光，灯源一1发射的光和灯源二2激发溶液产生的荧光经过比色皿3、光圈4、聚焦透镜5、反射镜6、聚焦透镜7和衍射光栅8后，到达CCD摄像头9，智能手机中的光谱采集模块、比色模块、荧光模块能够按照CCD摄像头拍摄的照片最终得到待测溶液的浓度，由此可见，此基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光 谱检测装置结构轻巧便携，操作简单和价格低廉，利用比色和荧光两种检测模式，能够实现对待测物的进行实时实地、高精度多模式快速光谱检测。
参照图3，本实施例中的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置还具有校正功能，能够在进行检测之前，校正波长与照片像素之间的关系，参照图3，下面将具体描述校正过程。
301.记录波长405nm激光灯的出射光在比色皿中没有纳米金反应溶液的状态下在照片中的像素位置P 405；
将灯源一由全光谱灯源替换为波长为405nm的激光灯，灯源控制模块按照手机中主菜单模块发送的选择检测模式指令控制该激光灯工作，在比色皿中没有纳米金反应溶液的状态下，主菜单模块向手机中的光谱采集模块发送光谱采集指令，光谱采集模块控制手机的CCD摄像头进行拍照，记录该激光灯的出射光在照片中的像素位置P 405。
302.记录波长450nm激光灯的出射光在比色皿中没有纳米金反应溶液的状态下在照片中的像素位置P 450；
将上述波长为405nm的激光灯替换成波长为450nm的激光灯，执行步骤301中手机的操作流程，得到波长为450nm的激光灯的出射光在照片中的像素位置P 450。
303.记录波长532nm激光灯的出射光在比色皿中没有纳米金反应溶液的状态下在照片中的像素位置P 532；
将上述波长为450nm的激光灯替换成波长为532nm的激光灯，执行步骤301中手机的操作流程，得到波长为532nm的激光灯的出射光在照片中的像素位置P 532。
304.记录波长650nm激光灯的出射光在比色皿中没有纳米金反应溶液的状态下在照片中的像素位置P 650；
将上述波长为532nm的激光灯替换为波长为650nm的激光灯，执行步骤 301中手机的操作流程，得到波长为650nm的激光灯的出射光在照片中的像素位置P 650。
305.手机的光谱采集模块对以上步骤得到的四个点(405，P 405)、(450，P 450)、(532，P 532)和(650，P 650)进行线性拟合，得到波长与像素之间的关系。
光谱采集模块得到波长与像素之间的关系，将灯源一替换回全光谱灯源，主菜单模块向灯源控制模块发送选择检测模式指令，检测开始。
参见图4，下面以待测物为甲基苯丙胺为例，具体描述本实施例中吸收和荧光光谱检测装置的检测过程。
在本实施例中，制作纳米金反应溶液的过程为：先加10μL 5μM的甲基苯丙胺核酸适配体(末端修饰有激发为495nm、发射为517nm的荧光探针)到120μL含有待测物甲基苯丙胺的样品溶液中，室温反应5min后，加入150μL9nM的纳米金溶液，在反应5分钟后，加入20μL 500nM的NaCl溶液。
当吸收和荧光光谱检测装置采用比色检测模式时，其具体过程如下：
401.光学传感附件中的灯源控制模块按照手机中的主菜单模块发送的指令控制灯源一工作；
手机中的主菜单模块向灯源控制模块发送选择检测模式指令，灯源控制模块按照选择检测模式指令控制灯源一工作，也就是说出射光为全光谱的白光。
402.在比色皿中没有加入纳米金反应溶液和加入纳米金反应溶液两种状态下，光谱采集模块获取光谱图S 0和光谱图S；
灯源一出射的光经过比色皿、光圈、聚焦透镜一、反射镜、聚焦透镜二和衍射光栅后达到CCD摄像头。
在比色皿中没有加入纳米金反应溶液的状态下，手机中的主菜单模块向手机中的光谱采集模块发送光谱采集指令，光谱采集模块按照光谱采集指令控制手机的CCD摄像头拍照，获取照片中每个像素的光强度，根据波长与像素之间的关系把光强度绘制成光谱图S 0。
在比色皿中加入纳米金反应溶液的状态下，手机中的主菜单模块再次向手机中的光谱采集模块发送光谱采集指令，光谱采集模块按照光谱采集指令控制手机的CCD摄像头拍照，获取照片中每个像素的光强度，根据波长与像素之间的关系把光强度绘制成光谱图S。
403.按照光谱图S 0和S，比色模块得到甲基苯丙胺的浓度；
手机中的比色模块按照光谱图S 0和光谱图S分别得到波长520nm处的光强度I 0G和I G，同样按照光谱图S 0和光谱图S分别得到波长625nm处的光强度I 0R和I R，然后根据朗伯比尔定律公式分别得到纳米金反应溶液在波长625nm处的吸光度A 625和在波长520nm处的吸光度A 520，进而得到吸光度比值A 625/A 520，最终根据吸光度比值与甲基苯丙胺浓度之间的线性关系得到甲基苯丙胺的浓度。
吸光度比值与甲基苯丙胺浓度之间的线性关系指的是：吸光度比值随着甲基苯丙胺浓度的增大而线性增大，具体可以通过在比色模块中预置比值与浓度的线性关系的标准曲线换算得出。
比色模块将甲基苯丙胺的浓度发送至浓度显示模块。
404.浓度显示模块在手机屏幕上显示浓度，由网络共享模块发布于网络；
当吸收和荧光光谱检测装置采用荧光检测模式时，其具体过程如下：
405.光学传感附件中的灯源控制模块按照手机中的主菜单模块发送的指令控制灯源二工作；
手机中的主菜单模块向灯源控制模块发送选择检测模式指令，灯源控制模块按照选择检测模式指令控制灯源二工作，灯源二的出射光的波长为495nm，激发比色皿中的溶液产生荧光。
406.在比色皿中不加入纳米金反应溶液和加入纳米金反应溶液的两种状态下，光谱采集模块获取光谱图S' 0和S'；
荧光经过比色皿、光圈、聚焦透镜一、反射镜、聚焦透镜二和衍射光栅后达到CCD摄像头。步骤406的执行流程和步骤402的执行流程相同。
407.按照光谱图S' 0和S'，荧光模块得到甲基苯丙胺的浓度；
手机中的荧光模块按照获取的光谱图S' 0和S'，分别得到波长517nm处的光强度F 0和F，然后得到纳米金反应溶液在灯源二的照射下产生的荧光强度的相对变化值，根据相对变化值与甲基苯丙胺浓度之间的线性关系得到甲基苯丙胺的浓度。
相对变化值与甲基苯丙胺浓度之间的线性关系指的是：相对变化值随着甲基苯丙胺浓度的增大而线性增大，具体可以通过在荧光模块中预置相对变化值与浓度的线性关系的标准曲线换算得出。
荧光模块将甲基苯丙胺的浓度发送至浓度显示模块。
最后执行前述步骤404，浓度显示模块在手机屏幕上显示由荧光模块提供的甲基苯丙胺的浓度，由网络共享模块发布于网络。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，例如，本实施例中，纳米金反应溶液在625nm和520nm处的吸光度的比值也可以为A 520/A 625，此时比值与浓度的线性关系为：比值随着浓度的增大而线性减少；又例如，核酸适配体上可以修饰其他的荧光探针，根据它的激发波长选择对应的激光或者LED作为灯源二，在荧光模块选择该荧光探针的发射波长处荧光强度的相对变化值来计算待测物浓度；又例如，本发明检测特异性的来源于核酸适配体的特异性，通过更换核酸适配体序列，即可建立用于其他领域中其他物质的特异性检测；再例如，基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置也可以借助除了纳米金粒子以外的其他物质来实现比色检测，只要根据其特征吸收峰位置的改变，在比色模块中选取对应于特征吸收峰波长处的光强度进行求吸光度计算即可。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

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  1. 一种基于移动智能终端的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，包括：具有CCD摄像头、触控显示屏和中央处理器的移动智能终端、光学传感附件、将所述光学传感附件安装于移动智能终端上的适配器；所述光学传感附件包括用于比色检测模式的灯源一和用于荧光检测模式的灯源二，灯源一的出射光路一与灯源二的出射光路二相互垂直；所述光学传感附件还包括比色皿，所述比色皿与所述出射光路一和所述出射光路二同轴，所述灯源一为全光谱光源，所述灯源二的出射光激发所述比色皿内的溶液产生检测所需波长的荧光，所述光学传感附件还包括在所述比色皿后端且沿所述出射光路一设置的反射镜，所述出射光路一与所述反射镜存在入射角，所述光学传感附件还包括设置在所述CCD摄像头与所述反射镜之间的衍射光栅，经比色皿且沿所述出射光路一的出射光经过所述反射镜反射后垂直入射所述衍射光栅，透过所述衍射光栅再衍射在CCD摄像头上，所述光学传感附件还包括灯源控制模块，所述灯源控制模块与每个灯源电路连接，分别控制每个灯源的开闭；
    所述移动智能终端包括主菜单模块、光谱采集模块、比色模块、荧光模块、浓度显示模块；所述主菜单模块向所述灯源控制模块发送选择检测模式指令，所述灯源控制模块按照所述选择检测模式指令选择所述灯源一或所述灯源二工作，当所述灯源一或所述灯源二工作时，在所述比色皿没有加入待测溶液或加入待测溶液两种状态下，所述主菜单模块向所述光谱采集模块发送光谱采集指令，所述光谱采集模块按照所述光谱采集指令控制所述移动智能终端的所述CCD摄像头拍照、获取照片中每个像素的光强度、按照波长与像素之间的关系将所述光强度绘制成光谱图、按照选择检测模式向所述比色模块或所述荧光模块发送所述光谱图，所述比色模块按照所述光谱图获取在没有加入待测溶液或加入待测溶液两种状态下的两个特定波长的光强度，再根据朗伯比尔定律公式获取待测溶液在两个特定波长处的吸光度，按照所述两个特定波长处的吸光度的比值与待测物浓度之间的线性关系获取待测物的浓度，所述荧光模块获取所 述光谱图中某一特定波长处光强度在没有加入待测溶液或加入待测溶液两种状态下的相对变化值，按照所述相对变化值与待测溶液浓度之间的线性关系获取待测溶液的浓度，所述浓度显示模块接收所述比色模块或者所述荧光模块发送的所述浓度，在所述移动智能终端的触控显示屏上显示所述浓度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述光学传感附件还包括聚焦透镜一，所述聚焦透镜一可插拔设置在所述反射镜与所述比色皿之间，沿所述出射光路一的出射光经过所述聚焦透镜一后聚焦在所述反射镜上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述光学传感附件还包括可插拔设置在所述聚焦透镜一与所述比色皿之间且与所述出射光路一同轴的可调孔径大小的光圈，所述光圈可以控制沿所述出射光路一的出射光透过所述光圈后的出射光光量。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述光学传感附件还包括聚焦透镜二，所述聚焦透镜二可插拔设置在所述衍射光栅与所述反射镜之间，沿所述出射光路一的出射光经过所述反射镜反射后，再经过所述聚焦透镜二聚焦在所述衍射光栅的表面。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述移动智能终端还包括网络共享模块，所述浓度显示模块向所述网络共享模块发送所述浓度，所述网络共享模块将所接收的所述浓度发布在网络上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述的灯源一为全光谱LED灯；所述的灯源二为特定波长的LED灯或激光灯。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述的聚光透镜一和所述聚光透镜二均为平凸透镜，厚度均为1mm，直径均为10mm，焦距分别为25mm和15mm；所述的反射镜为平面反射镜，厚度为1mm，直径为10mm。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述的衍射光栅为透射光栅，厚度为2mm，直径为10mm，其线数不小于1200 lines/mm。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，所述灯源一和所述灯源二也可以通过电路与所述移动智能终端的USB接口相连，由所述移动智能终端的电池给所述灯源一和所述灯源二供电。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的吸收和荧光光谱检测装置，其特征在于，当吸收和荧光光谱检测装置需要校正时，将灯源一由全光谱灯源按照波长从小到大的顺序依次替换为波长分别为405nm、450nm、532nm、650nm的激光灯，在每一次激光灯开启之后，在所述比色皿中没有待测溶液的状态下，所述主菜单模块向所述光谱采集模块发送光谱采集指令，所述光谱采集模块控制所述CCD摄像头进行拍照，记录当前灯源的出射光在照片中的像素位置，按照所记录的四个所述像素位置进行线性拟合，所述光谱采集模块得到波长与像素之间的关系，然后将灯源一替换回全光谱灯源，所述主菜单模块向所述灯源控制模块发送选择检测模式指令。
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