WO2018187930A1 - 发送设备、接收设备、光传输系统、光功率控制方法 - Google Patents

发送设备、接收设备、光传输系统、光功率控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018187930A1
WO2018187930A1 PCT/CN2017/080027 CN2017080027W WO2018187930A1 WO 2018187930 A1 WO2018187930 A1 WO 2018187930A1 CN 2017080027 W CN2017080027 W CN 2017080027W WO 2018187930 A1 WO2018187930 A1 WO 2018187930A1
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Prior art keywords
power
optical
light waves
waves
wave
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PCT/CN2017/080027
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓彬林
李杨
严晖
王元武
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201780088525.7A priority Critical patent/CN110431765B/zh
Priority to EP17905253.5A priority patent/EP3591862B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/080027 priority patent/WO2018187930A1/zh
Publication of WO2018187930A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018187930A1/zh
Priority to US16/589,547 priority patent/US11323199B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2507—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
    • H04B10/2537—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to scattering processes, e.g. Raman or Brillouin scattering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/564—Power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0221—Power control, e.g. to keep the total optical power constant

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communication technologies, and in particular, to a transmitting device, a receiving device, an optical transmission system, and an optical power control method.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing technology is a technology of simultaneously transmitting a plurality of communication light waves of different wavelengths in one optical fiber, that is, the same optical fiber may have multiple transmission channels, and each transmission channel is used to transmit a communication light wave of a predetermined wavelength.
  • each communication light wave transmitted by one optical fiber is in the C-band (wavelength range is 1530 to 1565 nm).
  • the optical fiber can also be simultaneously transmitted in the L-band (wavelength range is 1570 ⁇ ). Multiple communication light waves in the range of 1605 nm).
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical span. The basic structure of the segment.
  • the basic structure includes: an Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier of C band (C_EDFA), an Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier of L band (L_EDFA), and a first dimmable light.
  • Attenuator 13 (VOA) a second VOA 14, a first fiber interface unit 15 (FIU), and a second FIU 16.
  • the communication light wave corresponding to the C-band is correspondingly amplified by the C_EDFA11, and/or the communication light wave corresponding to the C-band is correspondingly attenuated by the first VOA 13; the communication light wave corresponding to the L-band passes the light through the L_EDFA12 The power is correspondingly amplified, and/or the communication light wave corresponding to the L-band is correspondingly attenuated by the second VOA 14. Then, the changed communication wavelengths of different wavelengths are combined (multiplexed) through the first FIU 15 at the transmitting end, and coupled to the same optical fiber on the optical cable line for transmission, and the combined communication optical waves are separated by the second FIU 16 at the receiving end. (Demultiplexing), the communication light waves of the respective wavelengths are separated and sent to different next stations.
  • the nonlinear effect in the fiber becomes an important factor affecting the performance of the multi-wavelength optical transmission system.
  • the nonlinear effects include the Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) effect.
  • SRS Stimulated Raman Scattering
  • Raman scattering can be regarded as the modulation of photons by molecules in the medium, that is, the relative motion between molecules leads to the periodic modulation of the molecular electric dipole moment with time, thereby scattering the photons. Under low-intensity ordinary light illumination, the Raman scattering of the medium is small, and the scattered light is very weak.
  • the Raman scattering process of the medium has the property of stimulated emission, so it is called the SRS effect.
  • the basic process of stimulated Raman scattering is that the incident light enters the medium, and the photons are absorbed by the medium, so that the medium molecules are excited from the base level E1 to the high level.
  • w p is the incident light angular frequency.
  • the high energy level is an unstable state, which quickly transitions to a lower metastable energy level E2 and emits a scattered photon with an angular frequency of w s ⁇ w p , then returns to the ground state and produces an energy Optical phonon, the angular frequency of the optical phonon is determined by the resonant frequency of the molecule. It can be seen that the stimulated Raman scattering occurs only when the incident light intensity exceeds a certain threshold, and the scattered light has the characteristics of high directivity, high intensity and high coherence.
  • the multi-wavelength optical transmission system supports both the C-band and the L-band
  • the SRS will transfer the energy of the C-band to the L-band to generate the C-band.
  • the optical power of the communication light wave becomes small, and the optical power of the L-band communication light wave increases nonlinearly.
  • the generated SRS effect causes the optical power of the communication light waves of the two different bands to change, for example, the C-band corresponds to The optical power of the communication light wave is reduced, and the optical power of the communication light wave corresponding to the L-band is increased.
  • Current optical transmission systems cannot reduce or eliminate the effects of the SRS effect on optical power.
  • the present application provides a transmitting device, a receiving device, an optical transmission system, and an optical power control method.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmitting device in an optical transmission system, where the transmitting device includes: a combining unit and an optical power adjusting unit;
  • a multiplexer unit for transmitting at least two communication light waves to the fiber channel, wherein the wavelengths of the at least two communication light waves belong to a working band
  • the multiplexer unit is further configured to send or receive at least two detected light waves through the fiber channel, wherein at least one of the at least two detected light waves has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working band, and at least one second detected light wave has a wavelength Greater than the maximum wavelength of the working band;
  • An optical power adjustment unit configured to acquire a power control command, where the power control command is generated according to power change information between the at least two detected light waves; and perform at least one communication light wave on the at least two communication light waves according to the power control command Optical power amplification and / or attenuation.
  • At least two communication light waves are transmitted to the fiber channel through the multiplex unit, and at least two out-of-band detection light waves are transmitted through the fiber channel, so that the optical transmission system can detect the power variation between the at least two detected light waves.
  • the information generates a power control command, and further optical power amplification and/or attenuation of at least one of the at least two communication light waves according to the acquired power control command.
  • the reason for causing the change of optical power of the communication light wave after transmission can be generally divided into two types.
  • the first possible reason is that when at least two communication light waves are normally transmitted (in the case where there is no wave drop or wave added in the transmission), the SRS effect
  • the second possible reason is that when at least one of the at least two communication light waves has a wave drop or a wave in the transmission, the SRS effect changes, and the changed SRS effect causes the power power to fluctuate. .
  • the optical transmission system can obtain the power change information by analyzing the degree of power variation between the at least two detected optical waves, and the power change information can not only indicate that at least two detected optical waves are
  • the overall degree of change of at least two optical powers after transmission may also indirectly reflect the overall degree of change of at least two optical powers of at least two communication optical waves after transmission, and the optical power adjustment unit dynamically adjusts the communication optical wave according to the power control command.
  • Optical power thereby reducing or eliminating the influence of varying SRS effects on optical power fluctuations, increasing the transmission distance of the optical system, and improving the stability of the entire optical transmission system.
  • the sending device further includes: a detection wave transmitting end connected to the combining unit;
  • Detecting a wave transmitting end configured to input at least two detecting light waves to the multiplexer unit, wherein the detecting light wave is transmitted in the same direction as the communication light wave;
  • the optical power adjustment unit is specifically configured to receive a power control command from the receiving device, where the power control command is generated by the receiving device according to the power change information between the at least two detected optical waves.
  • At least two detection light waves are input to the multiplex unit through the detection wave transmitting end, and correspondingly, the multiplex unit transmits at least two detection light waves to the branching unit according to the received at least two detection light waves, so that the detection Light wave
  • the transmission direction is the same as the transmission direction of the communication light wave, so that the "feedback ⁇ control" mechanism of the optical transmission system is set in the forward direction.
  • the sending device further includes: a detecting wave receiving end connected to the combining unit, and a control unit connected to the detecting wave receiving end;
  • the detection wave receiving end is configured to receive at least two detection light waves from the multiplexer unit, and the detection direction of the detection light wave is opposite to the transmission direction of the communication light wave;
  • control unit configured to generate a power control instruction according to power change information between the at least two detected light waves after the detection wave receiving end receives the at least two detection light waves;
  • the optical power adjustment unit is specifically configured to receive a power control instruction from the control unit.
  • the detection wave receiving end receives at least two detection light waves from the multiplex unit, and correspondingly, the branching unit is configured to send at least two detection light waves to the multiplex unit, so that the transmission direction of the light wave and the communication light wave are detected.
  • the transmission direction is reversed such that the "feedback ⁇ control" mechanism of the optical transmission system is reversed.
  • the at least two detecting optical waves comprise m detecting optical waves, and m is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the control unit is specifically configured to:
  • the preset correspondence relationship includes a correspondence relationship between the power change information and the adjustment coefficient, where the adjustment coefficient includes an amplification coefficient and/or an attenuation coefficient corresponding to the at least one communication light wave;
  • a power control command carrying an adjustment factor is generated.
  • the control unit determines m power change values of the m detected light waves according to the received m detection light waves, determines power change information according to the m power change values, and determines the power change according to the preset correspondence relationship.
  • the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the information generates a power control command carrying the adjustment coefficient; since the control unit determines the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the power change information according to the preset correspondence relationship, the adjustment coefficient can be obtained by looking up the table or by using a simulation formula. So that the optical transmission system can accurately adjust the optical power through the "feedback ⁇ control" mechanism.
  • the number of first detected light waves is equal to the number of second detected light waves.
  • the number of the first detected light waves is equal to the number of the second detected light waves, so that the determined power change information between the at least two detected light waves can more accurately reflect the at least two communication light waves after the transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a receiving device, where the receiving device includes: a splitting unit;
  • a splitting unit configured to receive at least two communication optical waves after the transmission of the Fibre Channel, wherein the wavelengths of the at least two communication optical waves belong to a working band
  • the splitting unit is further configured to receive or transmit at least two detecting light waves through the fiber channel, wherein at least one of the at least two detecting light waves has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working band, and at least one second detecting light wave has a wavelength a maximum wavelength greater than the working band; such that the transmitting device acquires a power control command, the power control command is generated according to power variation information between the at least two detected light waves; and the at least two communication lights are according to the power control command At least one communication light wave in the wave performs optical power amplification and/or attenuation.
  • the receiving device further includes: a detection wave receiving end connected to the branching unit, and a control unit connected to the detecting wave receiving end;
  • a detecting wave receiving end configured to receive at least two detecting light waves from the branching unit, and detecting a transmission direction of the light wave is the same as a transmission direction of the communication light wave;
  • control unit configured to generate a power control instruction according to power change information between the at least two detected light waves after receiving the at least two detection light waves, and send a power control instruction to the transmitting device to enable the sending device to receive the control Unit power control instructions.
  • the at least two detecting optical waves comprise m detecting optical waves, and m is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the control unit is specifically configured to:
  • a power control command carrying the adjustment factor is generated.
  • the receiving device further includes: a detection wave transmitting end connected to the branching unit;
  • Detecting a wave transmitting end configured to input at least two detecting light waves to the branching unit, wherein a transmitting direction of the detecting light wave is opposite to a transmitting direction of the communication light wave; so that the transmitting device generates power according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves Control instruction.
  • the number of first detected light waves is equal to the number of second detected light waves.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an optical transmission system, where the system includes: a Fibre Channel, a transmitting device and a receiving device connected to the Fibre Channel;
  • the transmitting device includes the transmitting device as provided in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect;
  • the receiving device comprises a receiving device as provided in the second aspect and any of the possible implementations of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an optical power control method, where the method includes:
  • At least one of the at least two detection light waves has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working wavelength band, and the wavelength of the at least one second detection light wave is greater than a maximum wavelength of the working wavelength band;
  • Optical power amplification and/or attenuation is performed on at least one of the at least two communication light waves in accordance with a power control command.
  • acquiring the power control instruction includes:
  • the power The control command is generated by the receiving device based on the power change information between the at least two detected light waves.
  • detecting a transmission direction of the optical wave is opposite to a transmission direction of the communication optical wave, and acquiring the power control instruction includes:
  • the power control instruction is generated according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves.
  • the at least two detection optical waves include m detection optical waves, and m is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the method further includes:
  • Generating a power control instruction according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves including:
  • the preset correspondence relationship includes a correspondence relationship between the power change information and the adjustment coefficient, where the adjustment coefficient includes an amplification coefficient and/or an attenuation coefficient corresponding to the at least one communication light wave;
  • a power control command carrying an adjustment factor is generated.
  • the number of first detected light waves is equal to the number of second detected light waves.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an optical power control method, where the method includes:
  • the wavelengths of the at least two communication light waves belong to the working band
  • At least two detection light waves receives or transmitting at least two detection light waves through the fiber channel, wherein at least one of the at least two detection light waves has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working band, and the wavelength of the at least one second detection light wave is greater than a maximum wavelength of the working band; So that the transmitting device acquires a power control command, which is generated according to power variation information between the at least two detected optical waves; and optical power amplification of at least one of the at least two communication optical waves according to the power control command. And / or attenuation.
  • the detection direction of the light wave is the same as the transmission direction of the communication light wave, and the method further includes:
  • the at least two detection optical waves include m detection optical waves, and m is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the method further includes:
  • Generating a power control instruction according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves including:
  • a power control command carrying an adjustment factor is generated.
  • the detecting direction of the light wave is opposite to the transmitting direction of the communication light wave, and the method further includes:
  • the transmitting device After transmitting the at least two detection light waves to the transmitting device, the transmitting device is caused to generate a power control instruction according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves.
  • the number of first detected light waves is equal to the number of second detected light waves.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic structure of a typical span in an optical transmission system that simultaneously transmits a plurality of communication optical waves in a C-band and an L-band range in the related art;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an optical power control method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an optical power control method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 2 to 7 schematically show the basic structure of one of the spans.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical transmission system 20 includes: a fiber channel 30, a transmitting device 40 and a receiving device 50 connected to the fiber channel 30, and a control unit 60.
  • the transmitting device 40 includes a combining unit 21 and an optical power adjusting unit 22, and the receiving device 50 includes: Wave unit 23.
  • the multiplexer unit 21 transmits at least two communication light waves 24 to the fiber channel 30, the wavelengths of the at least two communication light waves 24 belonging to the operating band; correspondingly, the wave splitting unit 23 receives at least two communication light waves 24 through the fiber channel 30.
  • the sending device 40 further includes: at least two communication wave transmitting ends 26 connected to the combining unit 21; and the receiving device 50 further includes: at least two communication wave receiving ends 27 connected to the splitting unit 23.
  • the communication wave transmitting end 26 transmits at least two communication light waves to the combining unit 21
  • the combining unit 21 combines (multiplexes) at least two communication light waves and transmits them to the branching unit 23 through the fiber channel 30.
  • the demultiplexing unit 23 demultiplexes the received at least two communication optical waves and outputs them to the communication wave receiving end 27, and correspondingly, the communication wave receiving end 27 receives at least two communication optical waves.
  • the multiplex unit 21 includes n first interfaces and one second interface
  • the splitting unit 23 includes n first interfaces and one second interface, where n is a positive integer.
  • 80 different wavelength communication light waves 24 are input to the multiplex unit 21 through 80 corresponding first interfaces, that is, one wavelength of communication light waves.
  • 24 corresponds to a first interface in the multiplex unit 21; correspondingly, the multiplex unit 21 multiplexes 80 communication light waves 24 and transmits them to the branching unit 23 through a second interface, and the branching unit 23 passes A second interface receives the 80 communication light waves 24 and demultiplexes them, and outputs the 80 communication light waves 24 through 80 first interfaces, that is, one of the first interfaces of the branching unit 23 corresponds to one wavelength.
  • Communication light wave 24 corresponds to a first interface in the multiplex unit 21; correspondingly, the multiplex unit 21 multiplexes 80 communication light waves 24 and transmits them to the branching unit 23 through a second interface, and the branching unit 23 passes A second interface receives the 80 communication light waves 24 and demultiplexes them, and outputs the 80 communication light waves 24 through 80 first interfaces, that is, one of the first interfaces of the branching
  • the combining unit 21 combines (multiplexes) the C-band communication light wave 24 and the L-band communication light wave 24, and transmits it to the demultiplexing unit 23 through one second interface, and the demultiplexing unit 23 passes one The second interface receives the C-band communication light wave 24 and the L-band communication light wave 24 and demultiplexes it, and outputs the C-band communication light wave 24 and the L-band communication light wave 24 through the two first interfaces, that is, the branching unit 23 One of the first interfaces corresponds to
  • the multiplexer unit and the splitter unit are essentially the same device, and each includes n first interfaces and one second interface.
  • the multiplex unit is used to multiplex the optical waves passing through the multiplex unit; when the n first units of the multiplex unit When the interface is the output end and the second interface is the input end, the multiplex unit is used to demultiplex the optical wave passing through the multiplex unit.
  • the demultiplexing unit when the n first interfaces of the demultiplexing unit are the input end and the second interface is the output end, the demultiplexing unit is configured to multiplex the optical waves passing through the demultiplexing unit; When an interface is an output and a second interface is an input, the demultiplexing unit is configured to demultiplex the optical wave passing through the splitting unit.
  • the multiplex unit (or the split unit) can multiplex or demultiplex the passing light waves according to the specific situation, and the "combination unit" and the “demultiplexing unit” do not indicate functional definition.
  • the multiplex unit is a first FIU
  • the split unit is a second FIU.
  • the working band includes two different working bands; and the working band includes: C-band and L-band, enhanced C-band, and enhanced L-band.
  • the enhanced C-band includes: a C-band and a C-extension band outside the C-band
  • the enhanced L-band includes an L-band and an L-extension band located outside the L-band.
  • the at least two communication light waves 24 are two different wavelengths of communication light waves 24 in the same operating band, or may be two different wavelengths of communication light waves 24 in different operating bands.
  • the multiplexing unit 21 transmits 160 different wavelengths of communication light waves 24 to the fiber channel 30, wherein 80 communication light waves 24 belong to the C band (referred to as C80 wave), and 80 communication light waves 24 belong to the L band (referred to as L80 wave);
  • the combining unit 21 transmits 90 communication light waves 24 to the fiber channel 30, of which 80 communication light waves 24 belong to the C band, and 10 communication light waves 24 belong to the C extension band outside the C band.
  • an SRS effect between the at least two communication light waves 24, and the SRS effect causes the optical powers of the at least two communication light waves 24 to interact with each other.
  • the multiplexer unit 21 also transmits or receives at least two detected light waves 25 through the fiber channel 30, and the fiber channel 30 is used to transmit at least two detected light waves 25.
  • the demultiplexing unit 23 receives at least two detection light waves 25 through the fiber channel 30; or, when the demultiplexing unit 23 transmits at least through the fiber channel 30 When two light waves 25 are detected, the multiplexer unit 21 receives at least two detected light waves 25 through the fiber channel 30.
  • the at least one of the at least two detected light waves 25 has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the operating band, and the at least one second detected light wave has a wavelength greater than a maximum wavelength of the operating band.
  • the first detection light wave may also be referred to as a first type of detection light wave, and the first type detection light wave is a type of detection light wave whose wavelength is smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working band; the second detection light wave may also be referred to as a second type detection wave.
  • Light wave, the second type of detection light wave is a type of detection light wave whose wavelength is greater than the maximum wavelength of the working band.
  • the working band is C-band and L-band, since the wavelength range of the C-band is 1530 to 1565 nm, and the wavelength range of the L-band is 1570 to 1605 nm, so that at least one first detection light wave has a wavelength of less than 1530 nm, and at least one second exists.
  • the wavelength of the detected light wave is greater than 1605 nm.
  • the number of the first detected light waves is equal to or not equal to the number of the second detected light waves.
  • the number of detected light waves 25 there is one first detected light wave and one second detected light wave; when the number of detected light waves 25 is 3, there is one first detected light wave and two second detected The light wave has two first detected light waves and one second detected light wave. When the number of detected light waves 25 is four, there are two first detected light waves and two second detected light waves.
  • the control unit 60 generates a power control command based on the power change information between the at least two detected light waves 25, and transmits a power control command to the optical power adjustment unit 22.
  • the optical power adjustment unit 22 acquires the power control command.
  • control unit 60 is disposed in the transmitting device 40 or the receiving device 50.
  • the control unit 60 is disposed in the receiving device 50; when the transmission direction of the detection light wave 25 is opposite to the transmission direction of the communication light wave 24, the control unit 60 is set to transmit In device 40.
  • the control unit 60 may also be disposed outside of the transmitting device 40 and the receiving device 50.
  • the transmitting device 40 is further provided with a detecting wave transmitting end (not shown in FIG. 2), and the detecting device 50 is further provided with a detecting wave.
  • the control unit 60 obtains power change information between the at least two detected light waves 25 from the receiving device 50; when the detecting direction of the transmitting light wave 25 is opposite to the transmitting direction of the communication light wave 24,
  • the device 40 is further provided with a detection wave receiving end (not shown in FIG. 2), and the receiving device 50 is further provided with a detecting wave transmitting end (not shown in FIG. 2), and the control unit 60 obtains at least two from the transmitting device 40.
  • the power change information between the light waves 25 is detected.
  • the optical power adjustment unit 22 performs optical power amplification and/or attenuation on at least one of the at least two communication light waves 24 in accordance with a power control command.
  • the power change information is used to indicate an overall degree of change of at least two optical powers of the at least two detected light waves 25 after the transmission.
  • the power change information of the first detected light wave may represent a power variation of the communication light wave 24 belonging to the short wavelength band
  • the power change information of the second detected light wave may represent a power variation of the communication light wave 24 belonging to the long wavelength band.
  • the power control command carries an adjustment coefficient
  • the adjustment coefficient includes an amplification factor and/or an attenuation coefficient corresponding to the at least one communication light wave 24.
  • At least two communication light waves are transmitted to the fiber channel through the multiplex unit, and at least two out-of-band detection light waves are transmitted through the fiber channel, so that the optical transmission system can detect the light wave according to at least two
  • the power change information generates a power control command, and further optical power amplification and/or attenuation of at least one of the at least two communication light waves according to the acquired power control command.
  • the reason for causing the change of optical power of the communication light wave after transmission can be generally divided into two types. The first possible reason is that when at least two communication light waves are normally transmitted (there is no transmission in the transmission). In the case of wave or addition, the SRS effect affects the optical power.
  • the second possible cause is that the SRS effect changes when at least one of the at least two communication light waves has a wave drop or a wave in the transmission.
  • the SRS effect causes fluctuations in optical power.
  • the optical transmission system can obtain the power change information by analyzing the degree of power variation between the at least two detected optical waves, and the power change information can not only indicate that at least two detected optical waves are
  • the overall degree of change of at least two optical powers after transmission may also indirectly reflect the overall degree of change of at least two optical powers of at least two communication optical waves after transmission, and the optical power adjustment unit dynamically adjusts the communication optical wave according to the power control command.
  • Optical power thereby reducing or eliminating the influence of varying SRS effects on optical power fluctuations, increasing the transmission distance of the optical system, and improving the stability of the entire optical transmission system.
  • the first possible implementation manner is: when the transmission direction of the detection light wave is the same as the transmission direction of the communication light wave, the multiplexing unit 21 multiplexes at least two communication light waves from the communication wave transmitting end 26 and transmits the signal to the branch.
  • the demultiplexing unit 23 demultiplexes the received at least two communication optical waves and outputs them to the communication wave receiving end 27, and the communication wave receiving end 27 receives at least two communication optical waves.
  • the multiplex unit 21 also multiplexes at least two detection light waves from the detection wave transmitting end and transmits them to the demultiplexing unit 23; correspondingly, the demultiplexing unit 23 also demultiplexes the received at least two detection light waves.
  • the output is output to the detection wave receiving end, and the detection wave receiving end receives at least two detection light waves.
  • a second possible implementation manner is to detect that the transmission direction of the light wave is opposite to the transmission direction of the communication light wave.
  • the combining unit 21 multiplexes at least two communication light waves from the communication wave transmitting end 26 and transmits them to the demultiplexing unit 23; correspondingly, the demultiplexing unit 23 demultiplexes the received at least two communication optical waves. It is output to the communication wave receiving end 27, and the communication wave receiving end 27 receives at least two communication light waves.
  • the demultiplexing unit 23 also multiplexes at least two detection light waves from the detection wave transmitting end and transmits them to the combining unit 21; correspondingly, the combining unit 21 demultiplexes the received at least two detecting light waves and outputs the same. To the detection wave receiving end, the detection wave receiving end receives at least two detection light waves.
  • the first possible implementation manner will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 .
  • the second possible implementation manner will be described using the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmitting device 40 further includes: at least two detection wave transmitting ends 31 connected to the combining unit 21; and the receiving device 50 further includes: at least two detections connected to the demultiplexing unit 23.
  • the wave receiving end 32, and a control unit 33 connected to the detecting wave receiving end, the control unit 33 is also connected to the optical power adjusting unit 22.
  • the detection wave transmitting end 31 transmits at least two detection light waves to the combining unit 21
  • the combining unit 21 multiplexes at least two detection light waves and transmits the signals to the demultiplexing unit 23.
  • the demultiplexing unit 23 demultiplexes the received at least two detection optical waves, and outputs the signals to the detection wave receiving end 32.
  • the detection wave receiving end 32 receives at least two detection light waves.
  • the transmission direction of the detection light wave is the same as the transmission direction of the communication light wave.
  • the multiplex unit 21 includes n first interfaces and one second interface
  • the splitting unit 23 includes n first interfaces and one second interface, where n is a positive integer.
  • the detecting wave transmitting end 31 includes a transmitting end R1 and a transmitting end R2.
  • the detecting wave receiving end 32 includes a receiving end T1 and a receiving end T2, and the transmitting end R1 is connected to the first interface 1 in the combining unit 21, and transmits
  • the terminal R2 is connected to the first interface 2 in the multiplex unit 21, the first interface 1 in the branching unit 23 is connected to the receiving terminal T1, and the first interface 2 in the branching unit 23 is connected to the receiving terminal T1.
  • the transmitting end R1 passes through the first interface 1 in the multiplex unit 21 to the multiplex unit 21, the detection light wave X1 is input, the transmitting end R2 inputs the detecting light wave X2 to the combining unit 21 through the first interface 2 in the combining unit 21, and the combining unit 21 combines (multiplexes) the detecting light wave X1 and the detecting light wave X2, and
  • the splitting unit 23 transmits the two detected optical waves through one second interface and performs demultiplexing, and the receiving end T1 receives the first interface 1 through the splitting unit 23.
  • the receiving end T2 receives the detection light wave Y2 through the first interface 2 of the demultiplexing unit 23 (i.e., detects the light wave formed by the light wave X1 after transmission).
  • the combining unit 21 continuously transmits at least two detection light waves to the branching unit 23, or transmits at least two detection light waves to the branching unit 23 every predetermined period of time.
  • the control unit 33 After the detection wave receiving end 32 receives at least two detection light waves from the demultiplexing unit 23, the control unit 33 generates a power control instruction according to the power change information between the at least two detection light waves, and transmits a power control instruction to the optical power adjustment unit 22. .
  • control unit 33 generates a power control command every predetermined time period; or, the control unit 33 determines whether the absolute value of the power change information between the at least two detected light waves is greater than a preset threshold, and if yes, generates a power control. instruction.
  • the SRS effect may change, causing fluctuations in optical power
  • the control unit 33 determines the time each time at least two detected optical waves are received.
  • Corresponding power change information calculating a difference between the power change information of two consecutive times, and determining whether the absolute value of the difference is greater than a preset fluctuation value, and if yes, generating a power control instruction.
  • the at least two detected light waves include m detected light waves, and m is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the 160 communication light waves transmitted by the multiplexing unit 21 include 80 different wavelengths of communication light waves belonging to the C-band and 80 different wavelengths of communication light waves belonging to the L-band, and 80 communication light waves in the C-band are normally transmitted (ie, Any one of the C-band communication light waves does not have a wave drop or a wave in the transmission), and 80 communication light waves in the L-band are normally transmitted (that is, any one of the L-band communication light waves does not have a wave drop or a wave in the transmission)
  • the control unit 33 determines that the power change information at this time is "-0.4 dB".
  • the control unit 33 determines that the power change information at this time is "0.9 dB"; for example, when 80 communication light waves in the C-band drop off 10 communication light waves in the transmission (ie, the C-band is left after transmission)
  • the control unit 33 determines that the power change information at this time is "-1 dB".
  • control unit 33 generates a power control instruction according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves, including but not limited to the following steps:
  • the control unit 33 determines m power change values of the m detected light waves according to the received m detected light waves, and each of the power change values is used to indicate the degree of change of the optical power of the single detected light wave after transmission through the fiber channel 30.
  • m transmit powers of the m detected optical waves are preset, and the control unit 33 stores m transmit powers of the m detected optical waves in advance. For each detected light wave, when the detection light wave is received by the control unit 33, the received power of the detected light wave is determined, and the received power of the detected light wave is subtracted from the transmitted power to obtain a power change value of the detected light wave, thereby determining m power change values of the detected light waves are output.
  • the value of m is 2, and the two detected light waves include the first detected light wave A1 and the second detected light wave B1.
  • the control unit 33 receives the first detected light wave A1 and the second detected light wave B1, the control unit 33 determines the first A detection light wave A1
  • the received power "2dB” and the pre-stored first detection light wave A1 transmission power "1dB” the received power "2dB” of the first detected light wave A1 is subtracted from the transmission power "1dB" to obtain the power variation value of the first detected light wave A1.
  • control unit 33 determines the received power "1dB" of the second detected light wave B1 and the transmitted power "3dB" of the pre-stored second detected light wave B1, and subtracts the transmission power from the received power "1dB" of the second detected light wave B1 "3dB” obtains the power change value "-2dB" of the second detected light wave B1.
  • the control unit 33 determines power change information according to the m power change values, and the power change information is used to indicate the overall change degree of the m optical powers after the m detected optical waves are transmitted through the optical fiber channel 30.
  • control unit 33 calculates the m power change values by using a predetermined algorithm to obtain power change information.
  • the power change information is a direct summation or a weighted summation of m power change values.
  • the operators in the predetermined algorithm include but are not limited to operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
  • the control unit 33 directly requests the two power change values. And, the power change information "-1dB" is obtained.
  • the control unit 33 is based on the weight of each power change value set in advance (for example, the weight corresponding to the power change value of the first detected light wave A1 is 0.4, and the weight corresponding to the power change value of the first detected light wave A2 is 0.6.
  • the weight corresponding to the power change value of the second detected light wave is 1), and the three power change values are weighted and summed, that is, “0.4*1+0.6*1.6+1*(-2)”, and the power change is obtained.
  • the value of m is 3, the power change value of one first detection light wave is “1 dB”, the power change value of the other first detection light wave is “1.6 dB”, and the power change value of the second detection light wave is “ -2dB”, the control unit 33 first obtains an average value of "1.3dB” for the power variation values "1dB” and "1.6dB” of the two first detected light waves, and then averages "1.3dB” and the second detection.
  • the power variation value "-2 dB" of the light waves is summed to obtain power variation information "-0.7 dB".
  • This embodiment does not limit the algorithm formula of the predetermined algorithm.
  • the control unit 33 determines an adjustment coefficient corresponding to the power change information according to the preset correspondence relationship, where the preset correspondence relationship includes a correspondence relationship between the power change information and the adjustment coefficient.
  • control unit 33 pre-stores a correspondence between the power change information and the adjustment coefficient, where the power change information is in one-to-one correspondence with the adjustment coefficient.
  • control unit 33 determines the power change information
  • the control unit 33 queries the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the power change information in the preset correspondence relationship.
  • the adjustment coefficient includes an amplification factor and/or an attenuation coefficient corresponding to the at least one communication light wave; schematically, the amplification factor is usually a coefficient greater than 1, for example, the amplification coefficient corresponding to the communication light wave is “1.22” for indicating The optical power of the communication light wave is amplified to 1.22 times; the attenuation coefficient is usually a coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1. For example, the attenuation coefficient corresponding to the communication light wave is “0.85” for indicating that the optical power of the communication light wave is attenuated to 0.85 times. .
  • the six communication light waves sent by the multiplex unit 21 belong to two different working bands (C band and L band), and the control unit 33 queries the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the power change information in the preset correspondence, and the adjustment coefficient includes One adjustment factor (one adjustment factor corresponding to all communication light waves), or two adjustment coefficients (one adjustment coefficient corresponding to the C-band and one adjustment coefficient corresponding to the L-band), or six adjustment coefficients ( 6 adjustment coefficients corresponding to 6 communication light waves respectively).
  • the 160 communication light waves transmitted by the multiplexing unit 21 include 80 different wavelengths of communication light waves belonging to the C-band and 80 different wavelengths of communication light waves belonging to the L-band, and the control unit 33 pre-stores Correspondence between the power change information and the C-band adjustment coefficient and the L-band adjustment coefficient when the control unit 33 determines the work
  • the control unit 33 inquires in the table that the adjustment coefficient of the C-band corresponding to "-1 dB" is "S61", and the adjustment coefficient of the L-band is "S62".
  • control unit 33 inputs the power gain information into a preset simulation function, and determines an output value of the simulation function as an adjustment coefficient; wherein the simulation function is a function for simulating a correspondence relationship between the power change information and the adjustment coefficient.
  • the adjustment coefficient includes one adjustment coefficient
  • the control unit 33 inputs the power gain information "-1dB" into a preset simulation function to obtain an output value "S62" of the simulation function, and determines the adjustment coefficient as "S62".
  • the adjustment coefficient includes two adjustment coefficients, and the control unit 33 inputs the power gain information “-1dB” into a preset simulation function to obtain two output values of the simulation function, respectively “S61” and “S62”, and then The adjustment coefficients are determined as “S61” and "S62". .
  • the adjustment coefficient includes two adjustment coefficients
  • the control unit 33 inputs the power gain information "-1dB" into the preset two simulation functions (the simulation function H1 corresponding to the C-band and the simulation function H2 corresponding to the L-band),
  • the simulation function H1 corresponding to the C-band
  • the simulation function H2 corresponding to the L-band
  • the adjustment coefficient of the C-band is determined to be "S61”
  • the adjustment coefficient of the L-band is "S62”.
  • This embodiment does not limit the determination method of the adjustment coefficient.
  • the control unit 33 generates a power control command carrying the adjustment coefficient.
  • the optical power adjustment unit 22 receives the power control instruction, and performs at least one communication wave of the at least two communication light waves according to the power control instruction.
  • the optical power adjustment unit 22 includes: at least two sets of cascaded power amplifiers and power attenuators.
  • the power amplifier is configured to perform optical power amplification according to at least one communication light wave of the at least two communication light waves
  • the power attenuator is configured to perform optical power attenuation according to at least one communication light wave of the at least two communication light waves according to the power control instruction.
  • connection relationship between each set of power amplifiers and power attenuators includes, but is not limited to, the following three types.
  • the first possible connection relationship is described by using the optical transmission system 20a shown in FIG. 4;
  • the optical transmission system 20b shown in Fig. 5 illustrates the second possible connection relationship; and the third possible connection relationship is explained using the optical transmission system 20c shown in Fig. 6.
  • the output end of the power amplifier 41 is connected to the input end of the power attenuator 42, and the output end of the power attenuator 42 is combined.
  • the inputs of the wave unit 21 are connected.
  • the power control command includes one or more power control commands, each power amplifier or The power attenuators correspond to respective power control commands.
  • the control unit 33 sends each power control command to a power amplifier or power attenuator corresponding to the power control command, x being a positive integer; correspondingly, each power amplifier or power attenuator The reception adjusts the optical power according to the power control commands sent to the respective ones.
  • the power control command includes a power control command
  • the first communication light wave belongs to the C band
  • the control unit 33 sends a power control command carrying the adjustment coefficient “1.35” to the C_EDFA
  • the C_EDFA receives the first according to the received power control command.
  • the optical power of the communication light wave is amplified to 1.35 times.
  • the power control command includes two power control commands (power control command 1 and power control command 2)
  • the first communication light wave belongs to the C band
  • the control unit 33 sends the power control command 1 carrying the adjustment coefficient “1.35” to the C_EDFA.
  • the power control command 2 carrying the adjustment coefficient “0.86”
  • the optical power adjusting unit 22 firstly amplifies the optical power of the first communication light wave to 1.35 times through the C_EDFA, and then transmits the first communication light wave through the first VOA.
  • the optical power is attenuated to 0.86 times.
  • FIG. 5 there is an input of a set of power attenuators 51 for inputting at least one second communication light wave, the output of the power attenuator 51 is connected to the input of the power amplifier 52, and the output of the power amplifier 52 is combined.
  • the inputs of the wave unit 21 are connected.
  • the power attenuator 51 is the first VOA, and the power amplifier 52 is C_EDFA; if the second communication light wave belongs to the L band, the power attenuator 51 is the second VOA. Power amplifier 52 is L_EDFA.
  • FIG. 6 there is a set of cascaded power amplifiers and power attenuators including: a first power attenuator 61 and a second power attenuator 62, the input of the first power attenuator 61 is used to input at least one third The communication light wave, the output of the power attenuator 61 is connected to the input of the power amplifier 63, the output of the power amplifier 63 is connected to the input of the second power attenuator 62, and the output of the second power attenuator 62 and the multiplexer The inputs of 21 are connected.
  • the third communication light wave belongs to the C band
  • the first power attenuator 61 is the first VOA
  • the power amplifier 62 is C_EDFA
  • the second power attenuator 63 is the second VOA
  • the third communication light wave belongs to the L band
  • the first power attenuator 61 is a third VOA
  • the power amplifier 62 is L_EDFA
  • the second power attenuator 63 is a fourth VOA.
  • the wavelengths of the at least two communication optical waves belong to the operating band, and the at least one of the at least two detected optical waves has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working band, and at least one second detected optical wave exists.
  • the wavelength is greater than the maximum wavelength of the working band; the detection wave belongs to the outside of the working band (out-of-band) and does not affect the normal transmission of the communication light wave.
  • the control unit determines the m power change values of the m detected light waves according to the received m detection light waves, determines the power change information according to the m power change values, and determines the power change information according to the preset correspondence relationship.
  • the adjustment coefficient generates a power control command carrying the adjustment coefficient; since the control unit determines the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the power change information according to the preset correspondence relationship, the adjustment coefficient can be obtained by looking up the table or calculated by the simulation formula, thereby This enables the optical transmission system to dynamically adjust the optical power through the "feedback ⁇ control" mechanism.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of an optical transmission system provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmitting device 40 further includes: a detection wave receiving end 71 connected to the combining unit 21, and a control unit 73 connected to the detecting wave receiving end 71; the receiving device 50 further includes: Detection of the branching unit 23 The wave transmitting end 72.
  • the demultiplexing unit 23 When the detection wave transmitting end 72 transmits at least two detection light waves to the demultiplexing unit 23, the demultiplexing unit 23 multiplexes at least two detection light waves and transmits them to the multiplex unit 21.
  • the multiplexing unit 21 demultiplexes the received at least two detection light waves, and outputs the signals to the detection wave receiving end 71.
  • the detection wave receiving end 71 receives at least two detection light waves.
  • the transmission direction of the detection light wave is opposite to the transmission direction of the communication light wave.
  • the control unit 73 After receiving the at least two detected light waves, the control unit 73 generates a power control command according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves.
  • the optical power adjustment unit 22 receives the power control command from the control unit 73 and performs optical power amplification and/or attenuation on at least one of the at least two communication light waves in accordance with the power control command.
  • the number of first detected light waves is equal to the number of second detected light waves.
  • the optical power adjustment unit 22 includes: at least two sets of cascaded power amplifiers and power attenuators.
  • the connection relationship between the power amplifiers and the power attenuators includes three possible connection relationships. For details, refer to the embodiments provided in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 , and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of an optical power control method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical power control method is used in an optical transmission system as provided in any of the embodiments of FIGS. 2 to 6.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 801 The transmitting device sends at least two communication optical waves to the Fibre Channel, and the wavelengths of the at least two communication optical waves belong to the working band.
  • Step 802 The receiving device receives at least two communication optical waves after the Fibre Channel transmission.
  • Step 803 The transmitting device sends at least two detection optical waves through the Fibre Channel, where at least one of the at least two detection optical waves has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working wavelength band, and at least one second detection optical wave has a wavelength greater than a working wavelength band. Maximum wavelength.
  • the number of first detected light waves is equal to the number of second detected light waves.
  • Step 804 The receiving device receives at least two detection light waves through the fiber channel.
  • the receiving device when the transmission direction of the detection light wave is the same as the transmission direction of the communication light wave, the receiving device generates power control according to the power change information between the at least two detection light waves after receiving the at least two detection light waves sent by the transmitting device. Command and send a power control command to the transmitting device.
  • the at least two detecting optical waves comprise m detecting optical waves, and m is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the receiving device determines m power variation values of the m detecting optical waves according to the received m detecting optical waves, and each power variation The value is used to indicate the degree of change of optical power after a single detected optical wave is transmitted through the fiber channel; the receiving device determines power change information according to m power change values, and the power change information is used to indicate m optical powers after m detected optical waves are transmitted through the optical fiber channel.
  • the receiving device determines an adjustment coefficient corresponding to the power change information according to the preset correspondence relationship, where the preset correspondence relationship includes a correspondence relationship between the power change information and the adjustment coefficient, where the adjustment coefficient includes an amplification coefficient and/or attenuation corresponding to the at least one communication light wave. Coefficient; the receiving device generates a power control command carrying the adjustment factor.
  • Step 805 The receiving device generates a power control instruction according to the power change information between the at least two detected light waves.
  • Step 806 The receiving device sends a power control instruction to the sending device.
  • Step 807 The sending device acquires a power control instruction.
  • Step 808 The transmitting device performs optical power amplification and/or attenuation on at least one of the at least two communication optical waves according to the power control instruction.
  • FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of an optical power control method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • This optical power control method is used in the optical transmission system as provided in FIG.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 901 The transmitting device sends at least two communication optical waves to the Fibre Channel, and the wavelengths of the at least two communication optical waves belong to the working band.
  • Step 902 The receiving device receives at least two communication light waves after the Fibre Channel transmission.
  • Step 903 The receiving device sends at least two detected optical waves through the optical fiber channel, where at least one of the at least two detected optical waves has a wavelength smaller than a minimum wavelength of the working band, and at least one second detected optical wave has a wavelength greater than a working band. Maximum wavelength.
  • the number of first detected light waves is equal to the number of second detected light waves.
  • step 904 the transmitting device receives at least two detected light waves through the fiber channel.
  • Step 905 The transmitting device acquires a power control command, where the power control command is generated according to power variation information between the at least two detected optical waves.
  • Step 906 The transmitting device performs optical power amplification and/or attenuation on at least one of the at least two communication optical waves according to the power control instruction.
  • the receiving device when the transmission direction of the detection light wave is opposite to the transmission direction of the communication light wave, the receiving device generates the power according to the power change information between the at least two detection light waves after transmitting the at least two detection light waves to the transmitting device. And controlling, by the power control instruction, optical power amplification and/or attenuation of at least one of the at least two communication light waves.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be completed by hardware, or may be instructed by a program to execute related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • first, second, third, etc. are objects for distinguishing types, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or order, which should be understood.
  • the objects used may be interchanged where appropriate, so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in other sequences in other embodiments than those illustrated or described herein.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种发送设备、接收设备、光传输系统、光功率控制方法，涉及光通信技术领域，该发送设备包括：合波单元和光功率调整单元；合波单元，用于向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，还用于通过光纤通道发送或接收至少两个检测光波；光功率调整单元，用于获取功率控制指令，功率控制指令是根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。本申请通过至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息，能够快速检测出SRS效应对通信光波的光功率的影响，使得光功率调整单元根据功率控制指令动态调整通信光波的光功率，减少或消除SRS效应对光功率的影响。

Description

发送设备、接收设备、光传输系统、光功率控制方法 技术领域
本申请涉及光通信技术领域，特别涉及发送设备、接收设备、光传输系统、光功率控制方法。
背景技术
随着光传输通信容量需求的激增，波分复用技术成为光传输系统中的主要传输技术。波分复用技术是在一根光纤中同时传输多个不同波长的通信光波的技术，即同一根光纤可以有多个传输信道，每个传输信道用于传输一种预定波长的通信光波。
通常，一根光纤传输的各个通信光波均在C波段(波长范围为1530～1565nm)范围内，为了增加传输信道的带宽，也可以使得该根光纤中同时传输在L波段(波长范围为1570～1605nm)范围内的多个通信光波。如图1所示，该根光纤中同时传输在C波段和L波段范围内的多个通信光波，由于光传输系统中通常包括若干个跨段的基本结构，图1其示出了一个典型跨段的基本结构。该基本结构包括：C波段掺铒光纤放大器11(Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier of C band，C_EDFA)、L波段掺铒光纤放大器12(Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier of L band，L_EDFA)、第一可调光衰减器13(Variable Optical Attenuator，VOA)、第二VOA14、第一光纤接口单元15(Fiber Interface Unit，FIU)和第二FIU16。其中，C波段对应的通信光波通过C_EDFA11将光功率进行相应的放大，和/或，C波段对应的通信光波通过第一VOA13将光功率进行相应的衰减；L波段对应的通信光波通过L_EDFA12将光功率进行相应的放大，和/或，L波段对应的通信光波通过第二VOA14将光功率进行相应的衰减。然后在发送端将变化后的不同波长的通信光波通过第一FIU15组合起来(复用)，并耦合到光缆线路上的同一根光纤中传输，在接收端通过第二FIU16将组合的通信光波分开(解复用)，分离出各个波长的通信光波后送入不同的下一站点。
伴随着一根光纤中同时传输的通信光波的波长范围增大，光纤内的非线性效应成为影响多波长的光传输系统性能的重要因素。其中，非线性效应包括受激拉曼散射(Stimulated Raman Scattering，SRS)效应。其中，拉曼散射可以看成是介质中的分子对光子的调制，即分子间的相对运动导致分子电偶极矩随时间的周期性调制，从而对光子产生散射作用。在低强度的普通光照射下，介质的拉曼散射较小，散射光非常弱，但当激光作为入射源时，介质的拉曼散射过程具有了受激发射的性质，故称为SRS效应。受激拉曼散射的基本过程是入射光进入介质，光子被介质吸收，使得介质分子由基能级E1激发到高能级
Figure PCTCN2017080027-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2017080027-appb-000002
wp是入射光角频率。高能级是一个不稳定状态，它很快跃迁到一个较低的亚稳态能级E2并发射一个散射光子，其角频率为ws<wp，然后回到基态，并产生一个能量为
Figure PCTCN2017080027-appb-000003
的光学声子，该光学声子的角频率由分子的谐振频率决定。可见，受激拉曼散射只有在入射光强度超过一定阈值时才会出现，这种散射光具有高方向性、高强度和高相干性的特点。以多波长光传输系统同时支持C波段和L波段为例，若C波段和L波段的频率差在拉曼增益谱内，则SRS将会把C波段的能量转移到L波段上，产生C波段的通信光波的 光功率变小，L波段的通信光波的光功率增大的非线性影响。
因此，基于图1可知，当C波段对应的通信光波与L波段对应的通信光波一起传输时，产生的SRS效应会导致这两种不同波段的通信光波的光功率发生变化，比如C波段对应的通信光波的光功率减小，L波段对应的通信光波的光功率增大。而目前的光传输系统无法减少或消除该SRS效应对光功率的影响。
发明内容
为了解决SRS效应会影响通信光波的光功率的问题，本申请提供了一种发送设备、接收设备、光传输系统、光功率控制方法。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光传输系统中的发送设备，该发送设备包括：合波单元和光功率调整单元；
合波单元，用于向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
合波单元，还用于通过光纤通道发送或接收至少两个检测光波，至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长；
光功率调整单元，用于获取功率控制指令，该功率控制指令是根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
在该实现方式中，通过合波单元向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，同时通过光纤通道传输至少两个带外的检测光波，使得光传输系统能够根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，进而根据获取的功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。由于引起通信光波在传输后光功率变化的原因通常可分为两种，第一种可能的原因为当至少两个通信光波正常传输(在传输中不存在掉波或加波的情况)时SRS效应会影响光功率，第二种可能的原因为当至少两个通信光波中至少一个通信光波在传输中存在掉波或加波的情况时SRS效应会发生变化，变化的SRS效应会引起光功率的波动。针对这两种可能的原因引起的光功率变化，光传输系统均能够通过对至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化程度分析得到功率变化信息，该功率变化信息不仅可以表示至少两个检测光波在传输后的至少两个光功率的整体变化程度，也可以间接反映出至少两个通信光波在传输后的至少两个光功率的整体变化程度，光功率调整单元根据功率控制指令动态调整通信光波的光功率，从而减少或消除变化的SRS效应对光功率波动的影响，增大光系统的传输距离，提高整个光传输系统的稳定性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该发送设备还包括：与合波单元相连的检测波发射端；
检测波发射端，用于向合波单元输入至少两个检测光波，该检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相同；
光功率调整单元，具体用于接收来自接收设备的功率控制指令，该功率控制指令是接收设备根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的。
在该实现方式中，通过检测波发射端向合波单元输入至少两个检测光波，对应的，合波单元根据接收到的至少两个检测光波向分波单元发送至少两个检测光波，使得检测光波 的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相同，从而使得该光传输系统的“反馈→控制”机制是正向设置的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该发送设备还包括：与合波单元相连的检测波接收端，以及与检测波接收端相连的控制单元；
检测波接收端，用于从合波单元接收至少两个检测光波，检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相反；
控制单元，用于在检测波接收端接收到至少两个检测光波后，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令；
光功率调整单元，具体用于接收来自控制单元的功率控制指令。
在该实现方式中，通过检测波接收端从合波单元接收至少两个检测光波，对应的，分波单元用于向合波单元发送至少两个检测光波，使得检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相反，从而使得该光传输系统的“反馈→控制”机制是反向设置的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，该控制单元，具体用于：
根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个功率变化值用于表示单个检测光波在传输后的光功率变化程度；
根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，功率变化信息用于表示m个检测光波在传输后的m个光功率的整体变化程度；
根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，预设对应关系包括功率变化信息与调节系数之间的对应关系，调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
生成携带有调节系数的功率控制指令。
在该实现方式中，通过控制单元根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，生成携带有调节系数的功率控制指令；由于控制单元是根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数的，即可以通过查表得到或者通过仿真公式计算得到调节系数，从而使得该光传输系统能够准确地通过“反馈→控制”机制，来动态调整光功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量。
在该实现方式中，通过第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量，使得确定出的至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息能够更加准确地反映出至少两个通信光波在传输后的至少两个光功率的整体变化程度。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种接收设备，该接收设备包括：分波单元；
分波单元，用于接收光纤通道传输后的至少两个通信光波，至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
分波单元，还用于通过光纤通道接收或发送至少两个检测光波，至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长；以使得发送设备获取功率控制指令，功率控制指令是根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光 波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该接收设备还包括：与分波单元相连的检测波接收端，以及与该检测波接收端相连的控制单元；
检测波接收端，用于从分波单元接收至少两个检测光波，检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相同；
控制单元，用于在检测波接收端接收到至少两个检测光波后，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，向发送设备发送功率控制指令以使得发送设备接收来自控制单元的功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，该控制单元，具体用于：
根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个功率变化值用于表示单个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后光功率的变化程度；
根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，该功率变化信息用于表示m个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度；
根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，该预设对应关系包括功率变化信息与调节系数之间的对应关系，该调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
生成携带有该调节系数的功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该接收设备还包括：与分波单元相连的检测波发射端；
检测波发射端，用于向分波单元输入至少两个检测光波，该检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相反；以使得发送设备根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光传输系统，该系统包括：光纤通道、与光纤通道相连的发送设备和接收设备；
该发送设备包括如第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现方式中所提供的发送设备；
该接收设备包括如第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现方式中所提供的接收设备。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光功率控制方法，该方法包括：
向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
通过光纤通道发送或接收至少两个检测光波，至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长；
获取功率控制指令，该功率控制指令是根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；
根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相同时，获取功率控制指令包括：
在向接收设备发送至少两个检测光波后，接收来自接收设备的功率控制指令，该功率 控制指令是接收设备根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相反，获取功率控制指令包括：
在接收到接收设备发送的至少两个检测光波后，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令之前，还包括：
根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个功率变化值用于表示单个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后光功率的变化程度；
根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，该功率变化信息用于表示m个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度；
根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，包括：
根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，预设对应关系包括功率变化信息与调节系数之间的对应关系，调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
生成携带有调节系数的功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光功率控制方法，该方法包括：
接收光纤通道传输后的至少两个通信光波，至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
通过光纤通道接收或发送至少两个检测光波，至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长；以使得发送设备获取功率控制指令，该功率控制指令是根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
在一种可能的实现方式中，检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相同，该方法还包括：
在接收到发送设备发送的至少两个检测光波后，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，并向发送设备发送功率控制指令；以使得发送设备接收来自控制单元的功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令之前，还包括：
根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个功率变化值用于表示单个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后光功率的变化程度；
根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，该功率变化信息用于表示m个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度；
根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，包括：
根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，该预设对应关系包括功率变化信息与调节系数之间的对应关系，该调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
生成携带有调节系数的功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相反，该方法还包括：
在向发送设备发送至少两个检测光波后，使得发送设备根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量。
附图说明
图1是相关技术中同时传输在C波段和L波段范围内的多个通信光波的光传输系统中一个典型跨段的基本结构的示意图；
图2是本申请一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图；
图3是本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图；
图4是本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图；
图5是本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图；
图6是本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图；
图7是本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图；
图8是本申请一个示意性实施例提供的光功率控制方法的流程图。
图9是本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光功率控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
由于光传输系统中通常包括若干个跨段的基本结构，图2至图7示意性地示出了其中一个跨段的基本结构。
请参考图2，其示出了本申请一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图。该光传输系统20包括：光纤通道30、与光纤通道30相连的发送设备40和接收设备50、控制单元60；发送设备40包括：合波单元21和光功率调整单元22；接收设备50包括：分波单元23。
合波单元21向光纤通道30发送至少两个通信光波24，至少两个通信光波24的波长属于工作波段；对应的，分波单元23通过光纤通道30接收至少两个通信光波24。
可选的，发送设备40还包括：与合波单元21相连的至少两个通信波发射端26；接收设备50还包括：与分波单元23相连的至少两个通信波接收端27。当通信波发射端26向合波单元21发送至少两个通信光波时，合波单元21将至少两个通信光波组合起来(复用)，并通过光纤通道30传输至分波单元23。分波单元23将接收到的至少两个通信光波进行解复用后输出至通信波接收端27，对应的，通信波接收端27接收至少两个通信光波。
可选的，合波单元21包括n个第一接口和1个第二接口，分波单元23包括n个第一接口和1个第二接口，n为正整数。
比如，当至少两个通信光波24为80个不同波长的通信光波24时，80个不同波长的通信光波24通过80个对应的第一接口输入到合波单元21中，即一个波长的通信光波24对应于合波单元21中的一个第一接口；相应的，合波单元21将80个通信光波24进行复用，并通过1个第二接口向分波单元23发送，分波单元23通过1个第二接口接收到这80个通信光波24并进行解复用，并通过80个第一接口输出这80个通信光波24，即分波单元23中的一个第一接口对应于一个波长的通信光波24。
又比如，当至少两个通信光波24为80个不同波长的通信光波24，其中40个不同波长的通信光波24属于C波段，另外的40个不同波长的通信光波24属于L波段时，则C波段的通信光波24和L波段的通信光波24通过2个对应的第一接口输入到合波单元21中，即属于同一个波段的通信光波24对应于合波单元21中的一个第一接口；相应的，合波单元21将C波段的通信光波24和L波段的通信光波24组合起来(复用)，并通过1个第二接口向分波单元23发送，分波单元23通过1个第二接口接收到C波段的通信光波24和L波段的通信光波24并进行解复用，并通过2个第一接口输出C波段的通信光波24和L波段的通信光波24，即分波单元23中的一个第一接口对应于属于同一个波段的通信光波24。
需要说明的是，合波单元和分波单元本质上是相同的器件，均包括n个第一接口和1个第二接口。当合波单元的n个第一接口为输入端和1个第二接口为输出端时，合波单元用于将通过该合波单元的光波进行复用；当合波单元的n个第一接口为输出端和1个第二接口为输入端时，合波单元用于将通过该合波单元的光波进行解复用。同样的，当分波单元的n个第一接口为输入端和1个第二接口为输出端时，分波单元用于将通过该分波单元的光波进行复用；当分波单元的n个第一接口为输出端和1个第二接口为输入端时，分波单元用于将通过该分波单元的光波进行解复用。
合波单元(或分波单元)能够根据具体情况对通过的光波进行复用或解复用，“合波单元”和“分波单元”并不表示功能限定。
可选的，合波单元为第一FIU，分波单元为第二FIU。
可选的，工作波段包括两个不同的工作波段；示意性的，工作波段包括：C波段和L波段、增强型C波段、增强型L波段中的任意一种。其中，增强型C波段包括：C波段和位于C波段之外的C扩展波段，增强型L波段包括：L波段和位于L波段之外的L扩展波段。可选地，至少两个通信光波24是同一个工作波段中的两个不同波长的通信光波24，也可以是不同工作波段中的两个不同波长的通信光波24。
比如，合波单元21向光纤通道30发送160个不同波长的通信光波24，其中80个通信光波24属于C波段(简称C80波)，80个通信光波24属于L波段(简称L80波)；又比如，合波单元21向光纤通道30发送90个通信光波24，其中80个通信光波24属于C波段，10个通信光波24属于位于C波段之外的C扩展波段。
可选的，至少两个通信光波24之间存在SRS效应，SRS效应使得至少两个通信光波24的光功率相互影响。
合波单元21还通过光纤通道30发送或接收至少两个检测光波25，光纤通道30用于传输至少两个检测光波25。
可选的，当合波单元21通过光纤通道30发送至少两个检测光波25时，分波单元23通过光纤通道30接收至少两个检测光波25；或，当分波单元23通过光纤通道30发送至少 两个检测光波25时，合波单元21通过光纤通道30接收至少两个检测光波25。
其中，至少两个检测光波25中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长。
可选的，第一检测光波也可称为第一类检测光波，第一类检测光波为波长均小于工作波段的最小波长的一类检测光波；第二检测光波也可称为第二类检测光波，第二类检测光波为波长均大于工作波段的最大波长的一类检测光波。
比如，工作波段为C波段和L波段，由于C波段的波长范围为1530～1565nm，L波段的波长范围为1570～1605nm，因此存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于1530nm，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于1605nm。
可选的，第一检测光波的数量等于或者不等于第二检测光波的数量。
比如，当检测光波25的数量为2时，存在1个第一检测光波和1个第二检测光波；当检测光波25的数量为3时，存在1个第一检测光波和2个第二检测光波，或者存在2个第一检测光波和1个第二检测光波；当检测光波25的数量为4时，存在2个第一检测光波和2个第二检测光波。
控制单元60根据至少两个检测光波25之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，向光功率调整单元22发送功率控制指令。对应的，光功率调整单元22获取该功率控制指令。
可选的，控制单元60设置在发送设备40或接收设备50中。当检测光波25的传输方向与通信光波24的传输方向相同时，控制单元60设置在接收设备50中；当检测光波25的传输方向与通信光波24的传输方向相反时，控制单元60设置在发送设备40中。可选地，控制单元60还可以设置在发送设备40和接收设备50的外部。
可选地，当检测光波25的传输方向与通信光波24的传输方向相同时，发送设备40中还设置有检测波发送端(图2中未示出)，接收设备50中还设置有检测波接收端(图2中未示出)，控制单元60从接收设备50获得至少两个检测光波25之间的功率变化信息；当检测光波25的传输方向与通信光波24的传输方向相反时，发送设备40中还设置有检测波接收端(图2中未示出)，接收设备50中还设置有检测波发送端(图2中未示出)，控制单元60从发送设备40获得至少两个检测光波25之间的功率变化信息。
光功率调整单元22根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波24中的至少一个通信光波24进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
可选的，功率变化信息用于表示至少两个检测光波25在传输后的至少两个光功率的整体变化程度。其中，第一检测光波的功率变化信息可以代表属于短波段的通信光波24的功率变化情况，第二检测光波的功率变化信息可以代表属于长波段的通信光波24的功率变化情况。
可选的，该功率控制指令携带有调节系数，该调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波24对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数。
综上所述，本实施例通过合波单元向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，同时通过光纤通道传输至少两个带外的检测光波，使得光传输系统能够根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，进而根据获取的功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。由于引起通信光波在传输后光功率变化的原因通常可分为两种，第一种可能的原因为当至少两个通信光波正常传输(在传输中不存在掉 波或加波的情况)时SRS效应会影响光功率，第二种可能的原因为当至少两个通信光波中至少一个通信光波在传输中存在掉波或加波的情况时SRS效应会发生变化，变化的SRS效应会引起光功率的波动。针对这两种可能的原因引起的光功率变化，光传输系统均能够通过对至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化程度分析得到功率变化信息，该功率变化信息不仅可以表示至少两个检测光波在传输后的至少两个光功率的整体变化程度，也可以间接反映出至少两个通信光波在传输后的至少两个光功率的整体变化程度，光功率调整单元根据功率控制指令动态调整通信光波的光功率，从而减少或消除变化的SRS效应对光功率波动的影响，增大光系统的传输距离，提高整个光传输系统的稳定性。
需要说明的是，检测光波的传输方向存在两种可能的实现方式：
第一种可能的实现方式：当检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向是相同的时，合波单元21将来自通信波发射端26的至少两个通信光波进行复用，并传输至分波单元23；对应的，分波单元23将接收到的至少两个通信光波进行解复用后输出至通信波接收端27，通信波接收端27接收至少两个通信光波。合波单元21还将来自检测波发射端的至少两个检测光波进行复用，并传输至分波单元23；对应的，分波单元23还将接收到的至少两个检测光波进行解复用后输出至检测波接收端，检测波接收端接收至少两个检测光波。
第二种可能的实现方式：检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向是相反的。合波单元21将来自通信波发射端26的至少两个通信光波进行复用，并传输至分波单元23；对应的，分波单元23将接收到的至少两个通信光波进行解复用后输出至通信波接收端27，通信波接收端27接收至少两个通信光波。分波单元23还将来自检测波发射端的至少两个检测光波进行复用，并传输至合波单元21；对应的，合波单元21将接收到的至少两个检测光波进行解复用后输出至检测波接收端，检测波接收端接收至少两个检测光波。
下面采用图3至图6所示出的实施例，对第一种可能的实现方式进行说明；并采用图7所示出的实施例，对第二种可能的实现方式进行说明。
请参考图3，其示出了本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图。基于图2提供的光传输系统20，该发送设备40还包括：与合波单元21相连的至少两个检测波发射端31；接收设备50还包括：与分波单元23相连的至少两个检测波接收端32，以及与检测波接收端相连的控制单元33，该控制单元33还与光功率调整单元22相连。
当检测波发射端31向合波单元21发送至少两个检测光波时，合波单元21将至少两个检测光波进行复用后传输至分波单元23。对应的，分波单元23将接收到的至少两个检测光波进行解复用后，输出至检测波接收端32，检测波接收端32接收到至少两个检测光波。此时，检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相同。
可选的，合波单元21包括n个第一接口和1个第二接口，分波单元23包括n个第一接口和1个第二接口，n为正整数。
比如，检测波发射端31包括发射端R1和发射端R2，对应的，检测波接收端32包括接收端T1和接收端T2，发射端R1与合波单元21中的第一接口1相连，发射端R2与合波单元21中的第一接口2相连，分波单元23中的第一接口1与接收端T1相连，分波单元23中的第一接口2与接收端T1相连。发射端R1通过合波单元21中的第一接口1向合波单元 21输入检测光波X1，发射端R2通过合波单元21中的第一接口2向合波单元21输入检测光波X2，合波单元21将检测光波X1和检测光波X2组合起来(复用)，并通过1个第二接口向分波单元23发送，分波单元23通过1个第二接口接收到这2个检测光波并进行解复用，接收端T1通过分波单元23的第一接口1接收到检测光波Y1(即检测光波X1在传输后形成的光波)，接收端T2通过分波单元23的第一接口2接收到检测光波Y2(即检测光波X1在传输后形成的光波)。
可选的，合波单元21向分波单元23持续发送至少两个检测光波，或者每隔预定时间段向分波单元23发送至少两个检测光波。
在检测波接收端32从分波单元23接收到至少两个检测光波后，控制单元33根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，向光功率调整单元22发送功率控制指令。
可选的，控制单元33每隔预定时间段生成一个功率控制指令；或者，控制单元33判断至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息的绝对值是否大于预设阈值，若大于则生成功率控制指令。
可选的，当至少两个通信光波在传输中可能存在掉波或加波时，SRS效应会发生变化，导致光功率的波动，因此控制单元33每次接收到至少两个检测光波时确定该次对应的功率变化信息，计算连续两次的功率变化信息的差值，并判断该差值绝对值是否大于预设波动值，若大于则生成功率控制指令。
至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数。
比如，合波单元21发送的160个通信光波包括属于C波段的80个不同波长的通信光波和属于L波段的80个不同波长的通信光波，当C波段中的80个通信光波正常传输(即C波段的任意一个通信光波在传输中不存在掉波或加波的情况)，且L波段中的80个通信光波正常传输(即L波段的任意一个通信光波在传输中不存在掉波或加波的情况)时，控制单元33确定出此时的功率变化信息为“-0.4dB”。
又比如，当C波段中的80个通信光波正常传输，且L波段中的80个通信光波在传输中掉波掉了10个通信光波(即L波段在传输后中剩余70个通信光波)时，控制单元33确定出此时的功率变化信息为“0.9dB”；又比如，当C波段中的80个通信光波在传输中掉波掉了10个通信光波(即C波段在传输后中剩余70个通信光波)，且L波段中的80个通信光波正常传输时，控制单元33确定出此时的功率变化信息为“-1dB”。
可选的，控制单元33根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令包括但不限于以下几个步骤：
1、控制单元33根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个功率变化值用于表示单个检测光波通过光纤通道30的传输后的光功率变化程度。
可选的，m个检测光波的m个发送功率为预先设置的，控制单元33预先存储有m个检测光波的m个发送功率。针对每个检测光波，当控制单元33接收到的该检测光波时，确定该检测光波的接收功率，并将该检测光波的接收功率与发送功率相减得到该检测光波的功率变化值，从而确定出m个检测光波的m个功率变化值。
比如，m的取值为2，两个检测光波包括第一检测光波A1和第二检测光波B1，当控制单元33接收到第一检测光波A1和第二检测光波B1时，控制单元33确定第一检测光波A1 的接收功率“2dB”和预存的第一检测光波A1的发送功率“1dB”，将第一检测光波A1的接收功率“2dB”减去发送功率“1dB”得到第一检测光波A1的功率变化值“1dB”；控制单元33确定第二检测光波B1的接收功率“1dB”和预存的第二检测光波B1的发送功率“3dB”，将第二检测光波B1的接收功率“1dB”减去发送功率“3dB”得到第二检测光波B1的功率变化值“-2dB”。
2、控制单元33根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，功率变化信息用于表示m个检测光波通过光纤通道30传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度。
可选的，控制单元33对m个功率变化值采用预定算法进行计算，得到功率变化信息。功率变化信息是m个功率变化值的直接求和或者加权求和。其中，预定算法中的运算符包括但不限于加、减、乘、除等运算。
比如，m的取值为2，第一检测光波的功率变化值为“1dB”和第二检测光波的功率变化值为“-2dB”，则控制单元33将这2个功率变化值进行直接求和，得到功率变化信息“-1dB”。
又比如，m的取值为3，第一检测光波A1的功率变化值为“1dB”、第一检测光波A2的功率变化值为“1.6dB”和第二检测光波B1的功率变化值为“-2dB”，则控制单元33根据预先设置的每个功率变化值的权重(比如：第一检测光波A1的功率变化值对应的权重为0.4，第一检测光波A2的功率变化值对应的权重为0.6，第二检测光波的功率变化值对应的权重为1)，将这3个功率变化值进行加权求和，即“0.4*1+0.6*1.6+1*(-2)”，得到功率变化信息“-0.64dB”。
又比如，m的取值为3，一个第一检测光波的功率变化值为“1dB”、另一个第一检测光波的功率变化值为“1.6dB”和第二检测光波的功率变化值为“-2dB”，则控制单元33先对两个第一检测光波的功率变化值“1dB”和“1.6dB”求取平均值“1.3dB”，再将该平均值“1.3dB”和第二检测光波的功率变化值“-2dB”进行求和，得到功率变化信息“-0.7dB”。本实施例对预定算法的算法公式不加以限定。
3、控制单元33根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，预设对应关系包括功率变化信息与调节系数之间的对应关系。
可选的，控制单元33中预先存储有功率变化信息与调节系数之间的对应关系，其中，功率变化信息与调节系数一一对应。当控制单元33确定出功率变化信息时，控制单元33在预设对应关系中查询与功率变化信息对应的调节系数。
可选的，调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；示意性的，放大系数通常为大于1的系数，比如，通信光波对应的放大系数为“1.22”用于表示将该通信光波的光功率放大至1.22倍；衰减系数通常为大于0且小于1的系数，比如，通信光波对应的衰减系数为“0.85”用于表示将该通信光波的光功率衰减至0.85倍。
可选的，合波单元21发送的6个通信光波属于两个不同工作波段(C波段和L波段)，控制单元33在预设对应关系中查询与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，调节系数包括1个调节系数(与所有通信光波对应的1个调节系数)、或者2个调节系数(与C波段对应的1个调节系数和与L波段对应的1个调节系数)、或者6个调节系数(与6个通信光波分别对应的6个调节系数)。
比如，如表一所示，合波单元21发送的160个通信光波包括属于C波段的80个不同波长的通信光波和属于L波段的80个不同波长的通信光波，控制单元33中预先存储有功率变化信息与C波段的调节系数和L波段的调节系数之间的对应关系当控制单元33确定出功 率变化信息“-1dB”时，控制单元33在该表中查询到与“-1dB”对应的C波段的调节系数为“S61”，L波段的调节系数为“S62”。
表一
功率变化信息 C波段的调节系数 L波段的调节系数
0.2dB S11 S12
0.3dB S21 S22
0.9dB S31 S32
-0.2dB S41 S42
-0.4dB S51 S52
-1dB S61 S62
可选的，控制单元33将功率增益信息输入预设的仿真函数，将仿真函数的输出值确定为调节系数；其中，仿真函数是用于仿真功率变化信息和调节系数之间的对应关系的函数。
比如，调节系数包括1个调节系数，控制单元33将功率增益信息“-1dB”输入预设的仿真函数，得到仿真函数的一个输出值“S62”，则将调节系数确定为“S62”。
又比如，调节系数包括2个调节系数，控制单元33将功率增益信息“-1dB”输入预设的仿真函数，得到仿真函数的两个输出值，分别为“S61”和“S62”，则将调节系数确定为“S61”和“S62”。。
又比如，调节系数包括2个调节系数，控制单元33将功率增益信息“-1dB”输入预设的两个仿真函数(与C波段对应的仿真函数H1和与L波段对应的仿真函数H2)，得到仿真函数H1的输出值为“S61”和仿真函数H2的输出值为“S62”，则确定C波段的调节系数为“S61”，L波段的调节系数为“S62”。本实施例对调节系数的确定方式不加以限定
4、控制单元33生成携带有调节系数的功率控制指令。
当控制单元33并向光功率调整单元22发送携带有调节系数的控制指令时，光功率调整单元22接收该功率控制指令，并根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
可选的，光功率调整单元22包括：至少两组级联的功率放大器和功率衰减器。其中，功率放大器用于根据功率控制指令至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大，功率衰减器用于根据功率控制指令至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率衰减。
可选的，每组功率放大器和功率衰减器的连接关系包括但不限于以下三种，下面采用图4所示出的光传输系统20a，对第一种可能的连接关系进行说明；并采用图5所示出的光传输系统20b，对第二种可能的连接关系进行说明；并采用图6所示出的光传输系统20c，对第三种可能的连接关系进行说明。
如图4所示，存在一组功率放大器41的输入端用于输入至少一个第一通信光波，功率放大器41的输出端与功率衰减器42的输入端相连，功率衰减器42的输出端与合波单元21的输入端相连。
可选的，若第一通信光波属于C波段，则该功率放大器41为C_EDFA，功率衰减器42为第一VOA；若第一通信光波属于L波段，则该功率放大器41为L_EDFA，功率衰减器42为第二VOA。可选的，功率控制指令包括一个或多个功率控制指令，每个功率放大器或 功率衰减器对应有各自的功率控制指令。当功率控制指令包括x个时，控制单元33将每个功率控制指令发送至与该功率控制指令对应的功率放大器或功率衰减器，x为正整数；对应的，每个功率放大器或功率衰减器接收根据发送给各自的功率控制指令对光功率进行调整。
比如，功率控制指令包括一个功率控制指令，第一通信光波属于C波段，控制单元33向C_EDFA发送携带有调节系数“1.35”的功率控制指令，C_EDFA接收到根据接收到的功率控制指令将第一通信光波的光功率放大至1.35倍。
又比如，功率控制指令包括两个功率控制指令(功率控制指令1和功率控制指令2)，第一通信光波属于C波段，控制单元33向C_EDFA发送携带有调节系数“1.35”的功率控制指令1和向第一VOA发送携带有调节系数“0.86”的功率控制指令2，光功率调整单元22先通过C_EDFA将第一通信光波的光功率放大至1.35倍，再通过第一VOA将第一通信光波的光功率衰减至0.86倍。
如图5所示，存在一组功率衰减器51的输入端用于输入至少一个第二通信光波，功率衰减器51的输出端与功率放大器52的输入端相连，功率放大器52的输出端与合波单元21的输入端相连。
可选的，若第二通信光波属于C波段，则该功率衰减器51为第一VOA，功率放大器52为C_EDFA；若第二通信光波属于L波段，则该功率衰减器51为第二VOA，功率放大器52为L_EDFA。
相关细节可参考图4所提供的实施例，在此不再赘述。
如图6所示，存在一组级联的功率放大器和功率衰减器包括：第一功率衰减器61和第二功率衰减器62，第一功率衰减器61的输入端用于输入至少一个第三通信光波，功率衰减器61的输出端与功率放大器63的输入端相连，功率放大器63的输出端与第二功率衰减器62的输入端相连，第二功率衰减器62的输出端与合波单元21的输入端相连。
可选的，若第三通信光波属于C波段，则第一功率衰减器61为第一VOA，功率放大器62为C_EDFA，第二功率衰减器63为第二VOA；若第三通信光波属于L波段，则第一功率衰减器61为第三VOA，功率放大器62为L_EDFA，第二功率衰减器63为第四VOA。
相关细节可参考图4所提供的实施例，在此不再赘述。
综上所述，本实施例通过至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段，至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长；使得检测波属于工作波段之外(带外)，不影响通信光波的正常传输。
本实施例还通过控制单元根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，生成携带有调节系数的功率控制指令；由于控制单元是根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数的，即可以通过查表得到或者通过仿真公式计算得到调节系数，从而使得该光传输系统能够准确地通过“反馈→控制”机制，来动态调整光功率。
请参考图7，其示出了本申请另一个示意性实施例提供的光传输系统的示意图。基于图2提供的光传输系统20，该发送设备40还包括：与合波单元21相连的检测波接收端71，以及与检测波接收端71相连的控制单元73；接收设备50还包括：与分波单元23相连的检 测波发射端72。
当检测波发射端72向分波单元23发送至少两个检测光波时，分波单元23将至少两个检测光波进行复用后传输至合波单元21。对应的，合波单元21将接收到的至少两个检测光波进行解复用后，输出至检测波接收端71，检测波接收端71接收至少两个检测光波。此时，检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相反。控制单元73在检测波接收端71接收到至少两个检测光波后，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令。
光功率调整单元22接收来自控制单元73的功率控制指令，并根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
可选的，第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量。
相关细节可参考图2或3提供的实施例，在此不再赘述。
可选的，光功率调整单元22包括：至少两组级联的功率放大器和功率衰减器。每组功率放大器和功率衰减器的连接关系包括但三种可能的连接关系，相关细节可参考图4至图6提供的实施例，在此不再赘述。
请参考图8，其示出了本申请一个示意性实施例提供的光功率控制方法的流程图。该光功率控制方法用于如图2至图6任意一个实施例所提供的光传输系统中。该方法包括：
步骤801，发送设备向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段。
步骤802，接收设备接收光纤通道传输后的至少两个通信光波。
步骤803，发送设备通过光纤通道发送至少两个检测光波，至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长。
可选的，第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量。
步骤804，接收设备通过光纤通道接收至少两个检测光波。
可选的，当检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相同时，接收设备在接收到发送设备发送的至少两个检测光波后，根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令，并向发送设备发送功率控制指令。
可选的，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，接收设备根据接收到的m个检测光波，确定m个检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个功率变化值用于表示单个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后光功率的变化程度；接收设备根据m个功率变化值确定功率变化信息，功率变化信息用于表示m个检测光波通过光纤通道传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度。接收设备根据预设对应关系确定与功率变化信息对应的调节系数，预设对应关系包括功率变化信息与调节系数之间的对应关系，调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；接收设备生成携带有调节系数的功率控制指令。
步骤805，接收设备根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令。
步骤806，接收设备向发送设备发送功率控制指令。
步骤807，发送设备获取功率控制指令。
步骤808，发送设备根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
相关细节可参考图2至图6提供的实施例，在此不再赘述。
请参考图9，其示出了本申请一个示意性实施例提供的光功率控制方法的流程图。该光功率控制方法用于如图7所提供的光传输系统中。该方法包括：
步骤901，发送设备向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段。
步骤902，接收设备接收光纤通道传输后的至少两个通信光波。
步骤903，接收设备通过光纤通道发送至少两个检测光波，至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于工作波段的最大波长。
可选的，第一检测光波的数量等于第二检测光波的数量。
步骤904，发送设备通过光纤通道接收至少两个检测光波。
步骤905，发送设备获取功率控制指令，功率控制指令是根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的。
步骤906，发送设备根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
可选的，当检测光波的传输方向与通信光波的传输方向相反时，接收设备在向发送设备发送至少两个检测光波后，使得发送设备根据至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成功率控制指令；根据功率控制指令对至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
相关细节可参考图7提供的实施例，在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
在本发明实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等(如果存在)是用于区别类型的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序，应该理解这样使用的对象在适当情况下可以互换，以便本发明实施例能够在除了本文图示或描述的实施例之外的其它实施例中以其它顺序实施。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种发送设备，其特征在于，所述发送设备包括：合波单元和光功率调整单元；
    所述合波单元，用于向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，所述至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
    所述合波单元，还用于通过所述光纤通道发送或接收至少两个检测光波，所述至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于所述工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于所述工作波段的最大波长；
    所述光功率调整单元，用于获取功率控制指令，所述功率控制指令是根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；根据所述功率控制指令对所述至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发送设备，其特征在于，所述发送设备还包括：与所述合波单元相连的检测波发射端；
    所述检测波发射端，用于向所述合波单元输入所述至少两个检测光波，所述检测光波的传输方向与所述通信光波的传输方向相同；
    所述光功率调整单元，具体用于接收来自接收设备的功率控制指令，所述功率控制指令是所述接收设备根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发送设备，其特征在于，所述发送设备还包括：与所述合波单元相连的检测波接收端，以及与所述检测波接收端相连的控制单元；
    所述检测波接收端，用于从所述合波单元接收所述至少两个检测光波，所述检测光波的传输方向与所述通信光波的传输方向相反；
    所述控制单元，用于在所述检测波接收端接收到所述至少两个检测光波后，根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令；
    所述光功率调整单元，具体用于接收来自所述控制单元的所述功率控制指令。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的发送设备，其特征在于，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，所述控制单元，具体用于：
    根据接收到的m个所述检测光波，确定m个所述检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个所述功率变化值用于表示单个所述检测光波在传输后的光功率变化程度；
    根据m个所述功率变化值确定所述功率变化信息，所述功率变化信息用于表示m个所述检测光波在传输后的m个光功率的整体变化程度；
    根据预设对应关系确定与所述功率变化信息对应的调节系数，所述预设对应关系包括所述功率变化信息与所述调节系数之间的对应关系，所述调节系数包括与至少一个所述通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
    生成携带有所述调节系数的所述功率控制指令。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4任一所述的发送设备，其特征在于，所述第一检测光波的数量 等于所述第二检测光波的数量。
  6. 一种接收设备，其特征在于，所述接收设备包括：分波单元；
    所述分波单元，用于接收光纤通道传输后的至少两个通信光波，所述至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
    所述分波单元，还用于通过所述光纤通道接收或发送至少两个检测光波，所述至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于所述工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于所述工作波段的最大波长；以使得发送设备获取功率控制指令，所述功率控制指令是根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；根据所述功率控制指令对所述至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的接收设备，其特征在于，所述接收设备还包括：与所述分波单元相连的检测波接收端，以及与所述检测波接收端相连的控制单元；
    所述检测波接收端，用于从所述分波单元接收所述至少两个检测光波，所述检测光波的传输方向与所述通信光波的传输方向相同；
    所述控制单元，用于在所述检测波接收端接收到所述至少两个检测光波后，根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令，向所述发送设备发送所述功率控制指令以使得所述发送设备接收来自所述控制单元的所述功率控制指令。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的接收设备，其特征在于，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，所述控制单元，具体用于：
    根据接收到的m个所述检测光波，确定m个所述检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个所述功率变化值用于表示单个所述检测光波通过所述光纤通道传输后光功率的变化程度；
    根据m个所述功率变化值确定所述功率变化信息，所述功率变化信息用于表示m个所述检测光波通过所述光纤通道传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度；
    根据预设对应关系确定与所述功率变化信息对应的调节系数，所述预设对应关系包括所述功率变化信息与所述调节系数之间的对应关系，所述调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
    生成携带有所述调节系数的所述功率控制指令。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的接收设备，其特征在于，所述接收设备还包括：与所述分波单元相连的所述检测波发射端；
    所述检测波发射端，用于向所述分波单元输入所述至少两个检测光波，所述检测光波的传输方向与所述通信光波的传输方向相反。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9任一所述的接收设备，其特征在于，所述第一检测光波的数量等于所述第二检测光波的数量。
  11. 一种光传输系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：光纤通道、与所述光纤通道相连的发送设备和接收设备；
    所述发送设备包括如权利要求1至5任一所述的发送设备；
    所述接收设备包括如权利要求6至10任一所述的接收设备。
  12. 一种光功率控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    向光纤通道发送至少两个通信光波，所述至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
    通过所述光纤通道发送或接收至少两个检测光波，所述至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于所述工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于所述工作波段的最大波长；
    获取功率控制指令，所述功率控制指令是根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；
    根据所述功率控制指令对所述至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述检测光波的传输方向与所述通信光波的传输方向相同，所述获取功率控制指令包括：
    在向接收设备发送所述至少两个检测光波后，接收来自所述接收设备的功率控制指令，所述功率控制指令是所述接收设备根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述检测光波的传输方向与所述通信光波的传输方向相反，所述获取功率控制指令包括：
    在接收到接收设备发送的所述至少两个检测光波后，根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，所述根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令之前，还包括：
    根据接收到的m个所述检测光波，确定m个所述检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个所述功率变化值用于表示单个所述检测光波通过所述光纤通道传输后光功率的变化程度；
    根据m个所述功率变化值确定所述功率变化信息，所述功率变化信息用于表示m个所述检测光波通过所述光纤通道传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度；
    所述根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令，包括：
    根据预设对应关系确定与所述功率变化信息对应的调节系数，所述预设对应关系包括所述功率变化信息与所述调节系数之间的对应关系，所述调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
    生成携带有所述调节系数的所述功率控制指令。
  16. 根据权利要求12或15任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一检测光波的数量等于所述第二检测光波的数量。
  17. 一种光功率控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收光纤通道传输后的至少两个通信光波，所述至少两个通信光波的波长属于工作波段；
    通过所述光纤通道接收或发送至少两个检测光波，所述至少两个检测光波中存在至少一个第一检测光波的波长小于所述工作波段的最小波长，存在至少一个第二检测光波的波长大于所述工作波段的最大波长；以使得发送设备获取功率控制指令，所述功率控制指令是根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息所生成的；根据所述功率控制指令对所述至少两个通信光波中的至少一个通信光波进行光功率放大和/或衰减。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述检测光波的传输方向与所述通信光波的传输方向相同，所述方法还包括：
    在接收到所述发送设备发送的所述至少两个检测光波后，根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令，并向所述发送设备发送所述功率控制指令；以使得所述发送设备接收来自所述控制单元的所述功率控制指令。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，至少两个检测光波包括m个检测光波，m为大于1的正整数，所述根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令之前，还包括：
    根据接收到的m个所述检测光波，确定m个所述检测光波的m个功率变化值，每个所述功率变化值用于表示单个所述检测光波通过所述光纤通道传输后光功率的变化程度；
    根据m个所述功率变化值确定所述功率变化信息，所述功率变化信息用于表示m个所述检测光波通过所述光纤通道传输后m个光功率的整体变化程度；
    所述根据所述至少两个检测光波之间的功率变化信息生成所述功率控制指令，包括：
    根据预设对应关系确定与所述功率变化信息对应的调节系数，所述预设对应关系包括所述功率变化信息与所述调节系数之间的对应关系，所述调节系数包括与至少一个通信光波对应的放大系数和/或衰减系数；
    生成携带有所述调节系数的所述功率控制指令。
  20. 根据权利要求17或19任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一检测光波的数量等于所述第二检测光波的数量。
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CN110431765B (zh) 2020-12-25
EP3591862B1 (en) 2024-04-17
US20200044766A1 (en) 2020-02-06

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