WO2018185443A1

WO2018185443A1 - Tackle block and line-tensioning device using such a block

Info

Publication number: WO2018185443A1
Application number: PCT/FR2018/050869
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nicolas MAES
Original assignee: Maes Nicolas
Priority date: 2017-04-06
Filing date: 2018-04-06
Publication date: 2018-10-11
Also published as: WO2018185379A1

Abstract

The present invention concerns a tackle block (3, 4), comprising at least two main sheaves (301, 302, 303) centred on a first pulley axis, at least one secondary sheave (304) centred on a second pulley axis parallel to the first pulley axis, and at least one becket (372). According to the invention, this becket (372) is positioned at a non-zero distance H from the plane passing through said first pulley axis and said second pulley axis. The invention also concerns a line-tensioning device comprising a tackle having at least one such block (3, 4).

Description

HOIST MOLD, AND LINE VOLTAGE DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SUCH

MITT

Field of the invention

[001] The present invention relates to a tension device for tensioning a line, and more particularly a strap for a sports practice.

[002] The invention also relates to a muffle, or multiple pulley, particularly suitable for the implementation of such a tension device.

Prior art

[003] Many applications require the tension of a line between two hooked points. Among these applications, we know the practice of tightrope walking, or, more recently, the practice of balancing on strap, usually called "slackline".

[004] This practice of strap-on balancing brings together several disciplines. Some of these disciplines are practiced on a short strap, of the order of ten meters, which is stretched between two hooked points, for example between two trees.

[005] Other disciplines are practiced on long straps, which can measure several hundred meters. To practice a sport on such a strap, it is necessary that it is sufficiently tight and that it is hooked at both ends, sufficiently reliable.

[006] In the usual manner, such a strap is connected to a hoist type tension device, implementing a pair of mittens, or multiple pulleys, connected by a rope. This power-on device is itself connected to one of the hanging points.

[007] Hoists employing a pair of mittens are well known in the prior art, for lifting or line voltage. Conventionally, a hoist comprises a pair of mittens, and a rope which passes alternately, around a sheave or pulley wheel, of each of the two mittens, so as to obtain, between the two mittens, a reduction of the tensile force exerted on the rope. [008] However, known mittens of the prior art for the implementation of such hoists are generally designed for marine sail applications or for lifting loads, and are not suitable for installation and tension easy and safe of a line for a sporting application of tightrope walking or balancing on strap.

[009] There is therefore a need for a device specially adapted to the tension of a line, and more particularly of a strap, in a sporting context.

Objectives of the invention

[010] The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

[011] In particular, the present invention aims to provide a line voltage device that allows a user, alone, to easily and effectively achieve the voltage of a long line.

Presentation of the invention

[012] These objectives, as well as others that will appear more clearly later, are achieved with the aid of a hoist block, comprising at least two main sheaves centered on a first pulley axis, at least one sheave. secondary centered on a second axis of pulley parallel to said first axis of pulley, and at least a first becket, wherein, according to the invention said becket is placed at a distance H, H 'nonzero of the plane passing through said first axis of pulley and said second pulley axis, and wherein the secondary shea has a diameter smaller than the diameter of said main sheaves.

[013] Such eccentric becket facilitates the attachment of the rope by the user.

[014] Advantageously, the distance H is greater than the radius of the main sheaves of the muffle.

[015] The becket is thus placed outside the ropes circulating around the sheaves. It is thus more accessible.

[016] Preferably, the distance between said first becket and said first pulley axis is less than the distance between said first pulley axis and said second pulley axis. [017] Thus, the traction exerted by the rope on the secondary shea or sheaves prevents excessive rotation of the muffle, caused by the traction exerted by the rope on the becket.

[018] In other possible embodiments of the invention, however, the distance between the becket and the first pulley axis may be greater than the distance between said first pulley axis and said second pulley axis. Such a position does not necessarily cause excessive rotation of the muffle, for example if the becket is close to the plane of symmetry of the muffle.

[019] Preferably, the first becket is placed near the secondary sheaves on the opposite side to the main sheaves, and in that the distance H 'is less than the radius of said secondary sheave of the muffle

[020] Preferably, the muffle comprises at least one second becket.

[021] Preferably, the second becket is placed so that the plane passing through said first pulley axis (310, 310 ') and said second pulley axis passes through said second becket, the second becket being placed close to or secondary sheaves on the opposite side to the main sheaves.

[022] Preferably, the first and second becket are placed on either side of the plane (300, 300 ') passing through the first pulley axis and the second pulley axis.

[023] Preferably, the first and second becket are placed symmetrically with respect to the plane passing through said first pulley axis and said second pulley axis.

[024] Preferably, the first and second becket are placed close to or secondary sheaves on the opposite side to the main sheaves.

[025] These ringots advantageously allow to fix the two ends of the rope in the muffle, which balances the tension of the rope on the mitt.

[026] In other possible embodiments, the becket can have asymmetrical positions. Such positions may allow, for example, to counter the friction due to the pivot rings.

[027] According to a preferred embodiment, the muffle comprises three main sheaves, centered on said first pulley axis.

[028] Advantageously, the muffle comprises at least one secondary shea laterally open, centered on said second pulley axis. [029] This open secondary sheave allows the easy implementation of additional tension mechanisms.

[030] According to a preferred embodiment, the muffle comprises three secondary sheaves, centered on said second pulley axis, two of said secondary sheaves being laterally open sheaves.

[031] Advantageously, the muffle has a through opening, substantially centered on said first pulley axis, adapted to allow the passage of a fastening link in the middle of said main sheaves.

[032] Such attachment of the muffle by a link through the sheaves ensures the safety of users in case of rupture of the muffle.

[033] The invention also relates to a tension device of a line, comprising a hoist consisting of a first muffle and a second muffle connected by at least one rope, characterized in that at least one of said Mittens is a muffle as described above.

[034] Advantageously, one end of the rope of this device is attached to said first becket.

[035] Advantageously, the device comprises a braking device attached to one of the becket and adapted to grip a strand of rope passing around the second pulley, and in that a first end of said rope is fixed to the other ringots.

[036] According to a particular embodiment, the invention relates to such a device which comprises:

a first muffle which comprises three main sheaves, centered on said first pulley axis, and three secondary sheaves, centered on said second pulley axis, two of said secondary sheaves being laterally open sheaves.

a second muffle comprising three main sheaves, centered on said first pulley axis, and at least one secondary sheave, centered on the second pulley axis,

the first end of the rope being fixed to said ringot of the first muffle, said rope circulating to form, between the main sheaves and the unopened secondary sheave of each of said mittens, a first eight-strand haul and a first free strand exiting said first muffle, a double pulley having two sheaves being fixed on the non-free strand of said first furling furthest from said first end of the rope, said first free strand flowing to form between the two sheaves of said double pulley and a first of said open second sheaves of said first muffle, a second four-strand haul and a second free strand issuing from said double sheave.

[037] In a particularly advantageous manner, this device may also comprise a single pulley fixed on said second free run, said second free run flowing to form, between said single pulley and a second of said open second sheaves of said first muffle, a third haul two-stranded and a third strand free.

List of fi fres

[038] The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of preferred embodiments, given as a simple figurative and non-limiting example, and accompanied by the figures among which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a line stretched by means of a tensioning device according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the voltage device used to extend the line of Figure 1;

FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of a muffle according to one embodiment of the invention, implemented in the tensioning device of FIG. 2;

Figure 5 is a top view of the muffle of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a muffle according to another embodiment of the invention;

Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the implementation of an additional tension mechanism on the muffle of Figure 3;

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the implementation of two additional tension mechanisms on the muffle of Figure 3; Figure 9 is a perspective view of the muffle in a second embodiment, implemented in the tensioning device;

Figure 10 is a schematic top view of the muffle of Figure 9;

- Figure 11 is a top view of a muffle according to a third embodiment of the invention;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the muffle of Figure 11.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The tight line

[039] Figure 1 schematically shows a line stretched by a tension device according to one embodiment of the invention. This line consists of a strap 1, a first end 101 is fixed to an attachment point 11 by securing means known to those skilled in the art. The fixing point 11 may for example be constituted by a shaft. In this case, the securing means may comprise a sling 12 surrounding the shaft and on which the strap 1 is hooked by a suitable node and / or a connector.

[040] At its second end 102, the strap 1 is connected to a second attachment point 13, which may for example be constituted by a shaft, by securing means which may comprise a sling 14 on which the strap 1 is hooked by a suitable node and / or a connector.

[041] A strap clamp 15 is placed on the strap 1, preferably at a distance of a few meters from its first end 101, for example up to 12 meters when the line to be stretched is more than 100 meters. This blocker, whose operation is known to those skilled in the art, can be attached to the strap 1 at a desired position.

[042] A tension device 2 is fixed, at its first end, to the sling 12 and, at its second end, to the blocker 15, via a sling 16. This tension device 2, of type hoist, allows to bring the blocker 15 of the sling 12. It thus allows to stretch the portion 104 of the strap 1 which is located between the blocker 15 and the second end 102, by relaxing the strap portion 103 located between the blocker 15 and the first end 101. Of course, stretched web portion 104 is advantageously much longer than the relaxed portion. It can for example measure several tens of meters.

[043] The line shown schematically in Figure 1 is an example of a line that can be tensioned by the tension device 2. The skilled person can without difficulty adapt the tension device 2 to arranged lines differently.

The line tension device

[044] The tension device 2, which is shown in more detail in Figure 2, is preferably a hoist formed of a first muffle 3 and a second muffle 4, connected to each other by a rope 20. The first fixed block 3 is connected to the sling 12, and the second movable block 4 is connected to the blocker 15 via the sling 16. The rope 20, one end of which is fixed at the first muffle 3 is immersed between the mittens 3 and 4, that is to say passes alternately around the sheaves, or pulley wheels, the muffle 4 and around sheaves, or pulley wheels, muffle 3. This arrangement of the rope, called hauling, allows a pull on the free end of this rope 20 brings the muffle 3 and the muffle 4 with a reduced force. Mittens

[045] Figures 3, 4 and 5 show a muffle 3 according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[046] This muffle 3 comprises a tube 31 centered on a first pulley axis 310, which connects four plates extending perpendicularly to the first pulley axis 310. The first of these plates, connected to the first end of the tube 31, is the first lateral flank 32. The second plate is the first intermediate partition 33. The third plate is the second intermediate partition 34. Finally the fourth plate is the second lateral flank 35, which is connected to the second end of the tube 31. The sheaves main

[047] Sheaves are provided around the tube 31, in spaces formed between these four plates.

[048] A sheave, or a pulley wheel, in the present description means an at least partially circular surface that allows a rope, chain, cable or strap to rotate about a pulley axis. This sheave can be constituted by a ring rotating around a pulley axis, whose outer surface, for example can be cylindrical or form a groove, receives the rope. This ring can rotate around the pulley axis through a rolling system or by simply sliding. According to another possible embodiment, the sheave can be formed by a smooth surface with a low coefficient of friction over which the rope can slide along a semicircular path centered on the pulley axis.

[049] A first shea 301 is formed, around the tube 31, between the first lateral flank 32 and the first intermediate partition 33. A second sheave 302 is formed around the tube 31, between the first intermediate partition 33 and the second partition. intermediate 34. A third shea 303 is formed around the tube 31, between the second intermediate partition 34 and the second lateral flank 35.

These three sheaves are centered on the first axis of pulley 310. They are hereinafter called "main sheaves" of the block 3. In the embodiment represented by FIG. 3, these sheaves 301, 302 and 303 are constituted by rings pivoting by sliding around the tube 31.

Fixing the mitt

[051] The tube 31 forms an opening through the muffle 3 over its entire width. Advantageously, this opening serves as the attachment point of the muffle 3, allowing the passage of a rope or a sling forming a fastening link, or a fastening loop. As shown in FIG. 2, this fastening loop formed by the sling 12 thus passes inside the loops formed by the rope around the main sheaves 301, 302 and 303. Thus, in case of breakage of the mechanical elements of these sheaves, the loops of the rope remain in the fastening loop formed by the sling 12, which prevents a break in tension of the line and projections of elements of the muffle.

Secondary school

[052] The first intermediate partition 33 and the second intermediate partition 34 of the muffle 3 extend over a larger surface than the lateral flanks 32 and 35. The intermediate partitions 33 and 34 are traversed, in an area on which do not extend the lateral flanks 32 and 35 by a bar 36 of substantially cylindrical, which extends along a second axis of pulley 360 parallel to the first axis of pulley 310.

[053] A sheave, hereinafter referred to as "first secondary sheave 304", is formed, around the bar, between the first intermediate partition 33 and the second intermediate partition 34. This sheave, centered on the second pulley axis 360, is constituted by a ring pivoting by sliding around the bar 36.

[054] Advantageously, the muffle 3 is symmetrical with respect to the plane, hereinafter called "plane of symmetry 300", including the first pulley axis 310 and the second pulley axis 360. The position of the secondary shea 304 through compared to the main sheaves is advantageously similar to the position of the sheaves in a "fiddle" type pulley. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, when the muffle 3 is used in a hoist type tension device, the main sheaves are located near one end of the device, while the secondary sheave 304 is located closer to the end of the device. other mittens.

[055] The secondary shea 304 is, in the embodiment shown, smaller than the main sheaves 301, 302 and 303. Preferably, the diameter of these main sheaves is greater than the diameter of the secondary shea plus two times the sheave. thickness of a rope. Thus, in the tensioning device shown in Fig. 2, the rope strands around, respectively, the second main shea 302 and the secondary shea 304 do not come into contact with each other.

[056] The outside ringot

[057] The muffle 3 comprises two rods 37 and 38, extending parallel to the pulley axes 310 and 360, and passing through the first lateral flank 32, the first intermediate partition 33, the second intermediate partition 34 and the second lateral flank 35 .

[058] Preferably, the plane 309 passing through the axes of these two rods 37 and 38 is perpendicular to the plane of symmetry 300 of the muffle 3 and intersects the plane 300 between the first pulley axis 310 and the second pulley axis 360. It is however possible, in other embodiments, that the plane 309 includes the second pulley axis 360, or intersects the plane 300 on the side of the second pulley axis 360 opposite to the first pulley axis 310. [059] In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 8, the rods 37 and 38 are located at a distance H from the plane of symmetry 300 of the muffle, this distance H being greater than the radius R of the main sheaves, and preferably greater than this radius R plus the thickness of a rope. Thus, in the configuration of use of the muffle 3 shown in FIG. 2, the rope passing around the main sheaves does not come into contact with the rods 37 and 38.

[060] The rods 37 and 38 have in the spaces arranged between the parallel plates of the muffle 3, segments of rods forming ringots, or hanging points, adapted to serve for the attachment of a rope. These becket are arranged between the main sheaves 301, 302, 303 and secondary sheaves 304, 305, 306.

[061] Thus, the rod 37 forms a first becket 371 between the first lateral flank 32 and the first intermediate partition 33, a second becket 372 between the first intermediate partition 33 and the second intermediate partition 34 and a third becket 373 between the second intermediate partition 34 and the second lateral flank 35. Similarly, the rod 38 forms a first becket 381 between the first lateral flank 32 and the first intermediate partition 33, a second becket 382 between the first intermediate partition 33 and the second intermediate partition 34 and a third becket 383 between the second intermediate partition 34 and the second lateral flank 35.

[062] On each of these rings, a rope can be attached by a knot, or through a connector or any fastening system known to those skilled in the art.

[063] The position of these ringots is such that, when a rope is bouncing around the sheaves of the muffle 3, the becket remain outside these ropes and are therefore easily accessible to the user. In addition, the portions of rope attached to the becket are spaced portions of rope passing around the sheaves, which limits the risk of friction strings.

[064] In addition, in the embodiment shown, the symmetrical lateral positions of these ringots allow to fix a first end of the rope on a becket formed by a first rod, for example 37, and, after the hauling of the rope and the tensioning of the system, to hook the free end of the rope to a becket formed by the other rod, for example 38, by a knot or a braking system or appropriate fixation. The forces exerted on the muffle 3 in the tension system thus constituted are distributed symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry of the muffle 3.

[065] In a second embodiment shown in Figures 9 and 10, the muffle 3 'also comprises two rods extending parallel to the pulley axes 310', 360 'and respectively forming first 37' and second 38 'becket. These first 37 'and second 38' becket are located near the secondary sheaves 304 ', 305', 306 'on the opposite side to the main sheaves 30, 302', 303 '.

[066] In this second embodiment, the plane, not shown, passing through the axes of the two becches 37 ', 38' is perpendicular to the plane of symmetry 300 'of the muffle 3'.

[067] The first becket 37 'and the second becket 38' are located at a distance H 'of the plane of symmetry 300' of the muffle 3 ', this distance H' being less than the radius r 'secondary sheaves 304', 305 ', 306', and preferably less than this radius r ', advantageously subtracted from the thickness of a rope 20'. In addition, the distance separating each becket 37 ', 38' from the axis 360 'of the secondary sheaves 304', 305 ', 306' is greater than the radius r 'of said sheaves 304', 305 ', 306', and ideally greater than this radius r 'plus the thickness of the rope 20'. Thus, in the configuration of use of the mittle 3 'shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the rope 20' passing around the main sheaves 30, 302 ', 303' and secondary 304 ', 305', 306 'n 'not in contact with the becket 37' and 38 '.

[068] The first 37 'and second becket 38' are disposed on either side of the plane 300 'passing through the first 310' and second pulley axes 360 '. Preferably, the first becket 37 'and the second becket 38' are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane 300 'passing through the first 310' and second pulley axes 360 '.

[069] On each of these becket 37 ', 38', the rope 20 'can be attached by a node 200' (Figure 10), or through a connector 370 '(Figure 9) or any system attachment known to those skilled in the art.

[070] The position of the becket 37 ', 38' in this second embodiment of the muffle 3 ', that is to say to bring the becket 37' and 38 'of the plane of symmetry 300' of the muffle 3 ', decreases the pivoting torque exerted on one of the becket 37', to which a rope end 20 'is hooked, when a force parallel to the plane of symmetry 300' of the muffle 3 'is exerted on said rope end. The risk of pivoting of the muffle 3 'is therefore less, which also allows to move the becket 37', 38 'of the main sheaves 30, 302', 303 'in a direction parallel to the plane of symmetry 300' of the muffle as specified above in the description.

[071] In addition, the position of these becket 37 'and 38' is such that when the rope 20 'is slid around the sheaves 301', 302 ', 303', 304 ', 305', 306 'of the muffle 3 ', the portions of rope attached to the becket 37', 38 'are spaced portions of rope passing around the sheaves, which limits the risk of friction strands rope between them.

[072] In addition, in the second embodiment shown, the symmetrical lateral positions of these becket 37 ', 38' allow to fix a first end of the rope 20 'on one of the becket, for example 37, and, after the hauling the rope 20 'and putting the system into tension, hooking the free end of the rope 20' to another becket, for example 38 ', by a braking system 6' as represented in FIGS. and 10, which is mounted on the becket 38 ', and adapted to interact with a strand of ropes around one of the secondary sheaves 304', 305 ', 306'. Thus, each becket 37 ', 38' can either serve as a point of attachment to a strand of rope, or serve as hooked to the braking device 6 '.

[073] This braking system 6 'comprises a locking means 6 in which the rope strand is adapted to pass through, and a fixing means 60' having the shape of an elongated flat plate integral with the locking means 61 and whose one end is pivotally fixed around the becket 38 'along the axis of said becket 38'.

[074] The forces exerted on the muffle 3 'in the tension system thus formed are distributed symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry 300' of the muffle 3 '. In addition, the braking system 6 'is integrated within the rope haul without touching the rope 20', thereby reducing the space occupied by the braking system 6 '.

The hauling of the rope

[075] In the tension device 2 shown in Figure 2, the two mittens 3 and 4 used are identical. In the following description of an example of hauling rope 20 around the sheaves of these mittens 3 and 4, the sheaves of the muffle 4 are named the same way, and bear the same reference numbers as the corresponding sheaves of the muffle 3.

[076] The hauling of the rope 20 between the mittens 3 and 4, in the embodiment represented by FIG. 2, is as follows:

a first end 200 of the rope 20 is fixed to the becket 372 of the muffle 3;

a first strand 201 of the rope 20 extends between this first end 200 and the second main shea 302 of the muffle 4;

after passing around the second main shea 302 of the muffle 4, the rope 20 forms a second strand 202 extending to the second main shea 302 of the muffle 3;

after passing around the second main shea 302 of the muffle 3, the rope 20 forms a third strand 203 extending to the first secondary shea 304 of the muffle 4;

after passing around the first secondary sheave 304 of the muffle 4, the rope 20 forms a fourth strand 204 extending to the first secondary shea 304 of the muffle 3;

after passing around the first secondary sheave 304 of the muffle 3, the rope 20 forms a fifth strand 205 extending to the third main shea 303 of the muffle 4;

after its passage around the third main shea 303 of the muffle 4, the rope 20 forms a sixth strand 206 extending to the third main shea 303 of the muffle 3;

after passing around the third main shea 303 of the muffle 3, the rope 20 forms a seventh strand 207 extending to the first main shea 301 of the muffle 4;

after passing around the first main shea 301 of the muffle 4, the rope 20 forms an eighth strand 208 extending to the first main shea 301 of the muffle 3; after passing around the first main shea 301 of the block 3, the rope 20 forms a free strand 209 extending to the free end of the rope 20.

[077] To tighten the line 1, the user can exert a tension on this free strand 209, in order to bring the movable muffle 4 of the fixed muffle 3. Due to the reduction of the forces reported by the hoist, the force exerted on the rope 20 generates a force of approximation, between the mittens 3 and 4, equal to eight times the force exerted on the free end 209.

[078] Advantageously, the hauling is provided so that the rope strands do not come into contact with each other. Those skilled in the art can easily imagine other haulage solutions adapted to mittens 3 and 4.

Balancing of rotational forces

[079] During the tensioning of the tension device 2, each strand of the rope 20 exerts a force F on the mittle. The force F exerted by the strand 201 on the becket 372 tends to pivot the muffle 3 around its attachment constituted by the sling 12. This pivoting generates an angle between the plane of symmetry 300 of the muffle 3 and the general direction of the tense line. The force F exerted by the strand 201 and thus the pivot angle are all the lower as the becket is close to the plane of symmetry of the muffle.

[080] However, the position of the second pulley axis 360 is provided so that the force F exerted by the strands 206 and 207 of the rope 20 on the first secondary shea 304 tends, on the contrary, to maintain the plane of symmetry of the muffle 3 aligned with the general direction of the stretched line.

[081] Preferably, the respective positions of the second pulley axis and the rods 37 and 38 forming the becket are chosen so that the forces tending to align the plane of symmetry of the muffle 3 on the general direction of the line 1, generated by pulling the strands 206 and 207 on the first secondary sheave 304, are predominant with respect to the forces tending to rotate the muffle 3, generated by the traction of the strand 201. The skilled person can therefore calculate the positions different components of the muffle that allow the resultant forces exerted by the cords on the axes 310 and 360 do not cause pivoting of the muffle greater than the limits resulting in the friction of the rope strands with each other.

[082] The pivoting of the muffle 3 relative to the general direction of the line 1, during the tensioning of the line 1, thus remains within acceptable limits, that is to say not resulting in friction of the strands of rope with each other.

[083] By way of non-limiting example, in the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 8, it has been chosen to place the becket so that the distance D between the first pulley axis 310 and the second pulley axis 360 is greater than the distance H between the ringots and the plane of symmetry of the muffle 3. This characteristic, associated with the other characteristics of the muffle 3 (among which the distance d between the first pulley axis 310 and the the axis of the becket 37, the angle z between the plane of symmetry 300 and the plane passing through the first axis of the pulley 310 and the axis of the becket 37, the radius R of the main sheaves and the radius r of the secondary sheaves) allows that the pivoting of the muffle remains within acceptable limits.

[084] In the second embodiment shown in Figures 9 and 10, it was chosen to place the becket 37 'and 38' so that the distance H 'between each ringot and the plane of symmetry 300' of the muffle 3 'is less than the radius r' of the secondary sheaves 303 ', 304', 305 'subtracts from the thickness of the rope 20'. This characteristic, associated with the other characteristics of the muffle 3 'and in particular the position of the becket 37' and 38 'placed near the secondary sheaves (304', 305 ', 306') on the opposite side to the main sheaves (301 ', 302 ', 303'), allows the pivoting of said muffle 3 'remains within acceptable limits, that is to say to avoid friction between them strands of the rope 20' muffled into the muffle 3 '.

[085] More generally, in order to limit the pivoting of the muffle 3, 3 ', it can be defined that preferentially, the more the position of the becket 371, 372, 373, 381, 382, 383 is close to the main sheaves 301, 302 , 303 in a direction parallel to the plane 300, plus these becket 371, 372, 373, 381, 382, 383 are remote from said plane of symmetry 300. This is typically the example shown in Figures 3 to 5. Conversely , plus the becket 37 'and 38' are remote from the main sheaves 30, 302 ', 303' in the direction parallel to the plane of symmetry 300 ', plus the becket 37' and 38 'are able to get closer of the axis of symmetry 300 'of the muffle. This is typically the example shown in Figures 9 and 10.

[086] It can thus be defined that to further limit the pivoting of the muffle

3,3 ', all nerd will be preferentially arranged:

- Between the main sheaves 301, 302, 303 and the secondary sheaves 304, 305,

306 at a distance H from the plane of symmetry 300 of the muffle 3, which distance is non-zero and lies between the edge of the muffle and the line tangential T to the pulleys forming the main and secondary sheaves, preferably greater than the radius R of the sheaves. main 301, 302, 303,

- Near the secondary sheaves 304 ', 305', 306 'on the opposite side to the main sheaves 30, 302', 303 'at a distance H' from the plane of symmetry 300 'of the muffle 3', which is non-zero distance and less than the radius r 'of the secondary sheaves 304', 305 ', 306'.

[087] Finally, in another embodiment not shown of the muffle comprising a first becket not centered, the other becket can be centered, that is to say positioned so that the plane of symmetry 300 'of the muffle 3 'go through this ringot centered. Thus when a pulling force is exerted on the ring becket centered, any risk of pivoting of the muffle 3 'is discarded.

[088] It is also possible, in other embodiments that the becches are placed asymmetrically and / or that the distance H between the becket and the plane of symmetry of the muffle 3 is greater than the distance D between the first such pulley axis 310 and the second pulley axis 360. Such configurations may for example allow to rebalance the forces if there is too much loss of friction in the pivoting rings or ball bearings.

[089] In the two embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, after the tensioning device 2 has been tensioned, the strand 208 of the rope may be fixed to the becket 381 by a suitable knot or by any other means. known to those skilled in the art, for example a rope clamp attached to becket 381. The symmetrical position of the becket relative to the plane 300, 300 'allows the results of the same force exerted on opposing rings opposite effects on the pivoting of the mittle. When a rope exerts tension on two opposite becket of the mitt, the forces exerting on the muffle 3, 3 'are balanced, and the plane of symmetry 300, 300' of the muffle is aligned with the general direction of the line.

Lateral sheaves

[090] In the muffle 3, the bar 36 which carries the secondary shea 304 extends beyond the intermediate partition 33 and beyond the intermediate partition 34. On its portion which extends beyond the first partition intermediate 33, this bar 36 carries a flange 361. A shea, hereinafter referred to as "second secondary open sheave 305", is formed around the bar 36, between the first intermediate partition 33 and this flange 361.

[091] On its portion which extends beyond the intermediate partition 34, the bar 36 carries a flange 362. A réa, hereinafter called "third secondary open sheave 306" is formed around the bar 36, between the second intermediate partition 33 and this flange 361.

[092] These second and third secondary sheaves are centered on the second pulley axis 360, and are each constituted by a ring pivoting by sliding around the bar 36. They advantageously have the same diameter as the first secondary shea 304.

[093] These second and third sheaves 305 and 306 are advantageously laterally open sheaves, also called "split sheaves", on which we can place a loop of a rope without having to introduce the end of the rope. These sheaves are not used in the hauling configuration shown in Figure 2. However, they can be advantageously used to implement additional tension mechanisms.

Additional tension mechanism

[094] To improve the tension exerted by the tensioning device shown in Figure 2, it is indeed possible to implement additional tension mechanisms to further demultiply the force exerted by the user. Figure 7 shows such an additional voltage mechanism. This figure represents a part of the tensioning device represented by FIG. 2. The device is installed as shown in FIG. 2, but, for the sake of clarity, only the muffle 3 and the strands 208 and 209 of the rope 20 are represented. . [095] The strand 208, coming from the muffle 4, passes into a blocker 6 fixed to the becket 381, which allows the movement of the cord 20 in the direction corresponding to a tension of the device, but prohibits its movement in the opposite direction . Such a blocker is known to those skilled in the art. After passing through the blocker 6, the rope 20 passes around the sheave 301 and leaves the muffle 3 to form the strand 209, which is the strand on which it is necessary to exert traction to tension the tensioning device 2.

[096] In an alternative embodiment not shown, a self-locking system known to those skilled in the art, including the cam brake type, is installed near the main sheaves 301, 302, 303 or secondary sheaves 304, 305, 306 instead of or in addition to the blocker 6, to interact with a rope portion 20 surrounding the pulley of one of the main or secondary sheaves. The cam brake is disposed between and secured to two of the plates 32 - 35, 92 - 95 of the muffle 3, 4, 5, and preferably disposed between and secured to the two plates forming first 33, 93 and second 34, 94 intermediate partitions . Such a cam brake is therefore not fixed to the becket of the muffle 3, 4, 5. In addition, this cam brake can also be integrated in the muffle 3 'of the second embodiment instead of or in addition to the braking system 6 ', as described in this paragraph.

[097] To increase the traction exerted on this strand 209, a double pulley 7 is fixed on the strand 208, by a suitable knot made with a rope 71 or by a suitable hook system. The strand 209 is advantageously passed around a first sheave 72 of this double pulley 7, from which it emerges by forming a strand 210, which extends from this double pulley 7 to the third open sheave 306 of the block 3.

[098] Since this third gear opened 306, the rope 20 is extended by the strand 211 which extends to the second sheave 73 of the double pulley 7. After passing around this second sheave 73, the rope 20 forms a free strand 212 on which it is possible to exert traction to exert additional tension on the tension system.

[099] The force exerted on this free strand 212 is multiplied by the additional tension mechanism shown in Figure 7, which contributes to tensioning the tension device. This mechanism makes it possible to obtain a multiplication of the force exerted by a factor of five, in addition to the reduction of a factor of eight obtained by the tensioning device of FIG. 2. The tensioning system of FIG. this mechanism additional tension allows to exert a reduced force of a theoretical factor of forty.

Furthermore, advantageously, the rope strands forming the additional tension mechanism pass through the middle of the rope strands forming the haulage shown in FIG. 2, without generating friction with these ropes. This characteristic is due in particular to the fact that the width of the sheaves of the double pulley is smaller than the diameter of the secondary sheaves.

Second additional tension mechanism

[101] If necessary, it is also possible to add one more gear. FIG. 8 thus shows a portion of the tensioning device of FIG. 2 equipped with the additional tension mechanism represented by FIG. 7 and by a second additional tensioning mechanism. The device is installed as shown in Figure 2, but for the sake of clarity, only the muffle 3 and the strands 208 and 209 of the rope 20 are shown.

[102] In this device, the strand 212 coming out of the additional tensioning mechanism represented by FIG. 7 passes around the second open shea 305 of the block 3. Since this second sheave 305, the rope forms a strand 213 which passes into a single pulley 8 attached to the strand 212 by a suitable knot made with a rope 81 or a suitable hook system. From this simple pulley 8, the rope forms a free strand 214 on which it is possible to exert traction to exert yet additional tension on the tension system.

[103] This second additional tensioning mechanism makes it possible to obtain a reduction of the force exerted by a factor of three, in addition to the reduction by a factor of forty obtained by the tensioning device of FIG. 2 equipped with the tensioning mechanism. Figure 7. The tensioning system of Figure 2 equipped with this second additional tensioning mechanism therefore allows to exert a force multiplied by a theoretical factor of one hundred and twenty.

[104] It is thus possible to easily extend the line at very high voltage levels, for example of the order of 15 kN or higher.

Mittens without open sheaves. [105] Figure 6 shows a muffle 5 according to another possible embodiment of the invention. This muffle 5 is identical to the muffle 3 shown in Figure 3, with the exception of the bar 36 and sheaves. This bar 36 is indeed shorter on the muffle 5, and it does not carry open sheaves. However, as in the muffle 3, this bar 36 carries a secondary shea 304. A pair of mittens identical to the muffle 5 can be used to implement the tensioning device shown in Figure 2, which does not require open sheaves , but does not allow the implementation of the additional voltage mechanisms shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. It is however possible to implement a line voltage device similar to that of FIG. 2 by combining a muffle 3, on which can be installed the additional tensioning mechanisms of Figures 7 and 8, and a muffle 5.

Mitt with anti-friction rods.

[106] Figures 11 and 12 show a muffle 9 according to a third possible embodiment of the invention. Like the muffle 3 shown in FIG. 3, this muffle 9 comprises a tube 91 centered on a first pulley axis 910, which connects a first lateral flank 92, a first intermediate partition 93, a second intermediate partition 94 and a second lateral flank. 95. Main sheaves 901, 902 and 903 are provided around the tube 91 in spaces formed between these four plates.

[107] The intermediate partitions 93 and 94 are traversed, in an area on which the lateral flanks 92 and 95 do not extend, by a bar 96 of substantially cylindrical shape, which extends along a second axis of pulley 960 parallel at the first pulley axis 910. Secondary sheaves 904, 905 and 906 are formed around the bar, respectively between the first intermediate partition 93 and the second intermediate partition 94, between the first intermediate partition 93 and a flange 961, and between the second intermediate partition 94 and a flange 962.

[108] The muffle 9 comprises two rods 97 and 98, extending parallel to the pulley axles 910 and 960, and passing through the first lateral flank 92, the first intermediate partition 93, the second intermediate partition 94 and the second lateral flank 95 These two rods are intended to form becket. [109] Unlike the muffle 3, the muffle 9 also comprises two other rods 991 and 992, extending parallel to the pulley axes 910 and 960, and passing through the first lateral flank 92, the first intermediate partition 93, the second partition intermediate 94 and the second sidewall 95. These two rods are placed so as to prevent, when using the muffle 9, the ropes passing around the main sheaves come into contact with the ropes passing around the secondary sheaves, which avoids friction between the ropes. Of course, the muffle 3 'of the second embodiment may also comprise two other rods in addition to the becket 37', 38 ', these two rods being also placed so as to prevent, when using the muffle 3', that the strands of rope passing around the main sheaves 30, 302 ', 303' come into contact with the strands of rope passing around the secondary sheaves 304 ', 305', 306 ', which makes it possible to avoid friction between the strands of rope.

[00] The mittens and the line voltage system according to the invention are particularly suited to the line voltage for sports applications, such as strap balancing. They allow a single user to easily stretch, by hand, a strap at very high voltage levels. However, it is also possible to use these mittens and this line voltage system in other applications for lifting, pulling or energizing, for example for the installation of a beam, winching a vehicle, the tension of electric cables on pylons, the mounting of a capital ... Such a line voltage system can therefore be used, without limitation, by arborists, garages, emergency services, farmers, in the fields of human or animal lifting, in the medical and paramedical fields, by persons practicing climbing, or in the maritime field, in a port or navigation context.

Claims

A hoist muffle comprising at least two main sheaves (301, 302, 303, 301 ', 302', 303 ') centered on a first pulley axis (310, 310'), at least one secondary sheave (304, 305, 306; 304 ', 305', 306 ') centered on a second pulley axis (360) parallel to said first pulley axis, and at least a first becket (371, 372,

373, 381, 382, 383; 37 ', 38'),

characterized in that said first becket (371, 372, 373, 381, 382, 383; 37 ', 38') is placed at a non-zero distance H, H 'from the plane (300, 300') passing through said first axis of pulley (310, 310 ') and said second pulley axis (360, 360'), and in that the secondary sheave (304, 305, 306, 304 ', 305', 306 ') has a diameter smaller than the diameter said main sheaves (301, 302, 303; 301 ', 302', 303 ').

2. Muffle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the distance H is greater than the radius (R, R ') of the main sheaves (301, 302, 303; 30, 302', 303 ') of the muffle (3, 3 ', 4, 5).

3. The mitt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between said first becket (371, 372, the distance (D) between said first pulley axis (310) and said second pulley axis (360).

4. Muffle according to claim 1, characterized in that the first ringot (37 ') is placed near the secondary sheaves (304', 305 ', 306') on the opposite side to the main sheaves (30, 302 ', 303'). ), and in that the distance H 'is smaller than the radius (r') of the at least one secondary sheave (304 ', 305', 306 ') of the muffle (3').

5. Muffle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one second becket (381, 382, 383; 38 ').

6. Muffle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the second becket (381, 382, 383; 38 ') is placed so that the plane (300, 300') passing through said first pulley axis (310, 310 ') ) and said second pulley axis (360, 360 ') passes through said second becket (381, 382, 383, 38'), the second becket 38 'being placed near the secondary sheaves (304 ', 305', 306 ') on the opposite side to the main sheaves (301', 302 ', 303').

7. Muffle according to claim 5, characterized in that the first and second becket (371, 372, 373, 381, 382, 383, 37 ', 38') are placed on either side of the plane (300, 300 ') passing through the first pulley axis (310, 310') and the second pulley axis (360, 360 ').

8. Muffle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first and second becket (371, 372, 373, 381, 382, 383, 37 ', 38') are placed symmetrically with respect to the plane (300, 300 '). ) passing through said first pulley axis (310, 310 ') and said second pulley axis (360, 360').

9. Muffle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first and second becket (37 ', 38') are placed near the secondary sheaves (304 ', 305', 306 ') on the opposite side to the main sheaves ( 301 ', 302', 303 ').

A muffle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises three main sheaves (301, 302, 303; 30, 302 ', 303'), centered on said first pulley axis (310, 310 '). ).

11. The mitt as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one laterally open secondary sheave (305, 306), centered on said second pulley axis (360).

12. Muffle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises three secondary sheaves (304, 305, 306), centered on said second pulley axis (360), two of said secondary sheaves being laterally open sheaves (305, 306). ).

13. Muffle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a through opening, substantially centered on said first pulley axis (310, 310 '), adapted to allow the passage of a fastening link ( 12, 12 ', 16) in the middle of said main sheaves (301, 302, 303; 301', 302 ', 303').

14. Device for tensioning a line, comprising a hoist consisting of a first muffle (3, 3 ') and a second muffle (4, 5) connected by at least one rope (20, 20 '), characterized in that at least one of said mittens (3, 3', 4, 5) is a muffle according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. Device for tensioning a line according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a first end of said rope (20, 20 ') is fixed to said first ringot (372, 37').

16. Device according to claim 14, wherein at least one of said mittens is a muffle according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that it comprises a braking device (6 ') fixed to one of the becket (38 ') and adapted to grip one end of a rope passing around the second pulley (36'), and in that one end of said rope (20 ') is attached to the other of the becket (37' ).

17. Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that it comprises:

a first muffle (3, 3 ') according to claims 11 and 13,

a second muffle (4) according to claim 11,

the first end (200) of the rope (20) being fixed to said ringot (372) of the first muffle (3, 3 '), said rope (20) flowing to form between the main sheaves (301, 302, 303; 301 ', 302', 303 ') and the unopened secondary sheave (304) of each of said mittens (3, 3', 4), a first eight-strand haul and a first free strand (209) emerging from said first muffle (3, 3 '), a double sheave (7) having two sheaves being attached to the non-free strand (208) of said first haul furthest from said first end (200) of the rope, said first free strand (209) circulating to form, between the two sheaves of said double pulley (7) and a first of said open secondary sheaves (306) of said first block (3, 3 '), a second four-strand haul and a second free strand (212) exiting said double pulley.

18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises a single pulley (8) fixed on said second free strand (212), said second free strand (212) circulating to form between said single pulley (8) and a second of said open second sheaves (305) of said first muffle (3, 3 '), a third two-strand haul and a third free strand (214).