WO2018184256A1 - 基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪 - Google Patents

基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018184256A1
WO2018184256A1 PCT/CN2017/081022 CN2017081022W WO2018184256A1 WO 2018184256 A1 WO2018184256 A1 WO 2018184256A1 CN 2017081022 W CN2017081022 W CN 2017081022W WO 2018184256 A1 WO2018184256 A1 WO 2018184256A1
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Prior art keywords
ring
rotating
mirror
outer frame
axis
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PCT/CN2017/081022
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晖
姜伟
郑如昊
赵帆
吕海宇
李鹤
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Northeastern University China
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Northeastern University China
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Priority to JP2019553857A priority Critical patent/JP6889943B2/ja
Publication of WO2018184256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018184256A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of vibration testing, and particularly relates to a multi-directional large-angle continuous scanning vibration measuring auxiliary instrument and a control method thereof based on a single-point laser vibrometer.
  • Laser vibration measurement technology has the advantages of high test accuracy and non-contact test. It is suitable for vibration measurement in high-speed rotation, high-frequency and high-temperature environments. It is being used more and more in aviation, aerospace, automobile, ship and high-end. High-precision vibration measurement in various fields such as CNC machine tools and robots plays an increasingly important role in mechanical system fault diagnosis, vibration and noise reduction, structural dynamic response estimation, and dynamic characteristics optimization.
  • the present invention provides a multi-directional large-angle continuous scanning vibration measuring aid based on a single-point laser vibrometer and a control method thereof.
  • the specific technical solutions are as follows:
  • the multi-directional large-angle continuous scanning vibration measuring auxiliary instrument of the single-point laser vibrometer comprises a base, the base supporting frame is arranged on the base, the X-axis rotating electric machine is arranged on the base supporting frame, and the two sets of outer frame ring rotating wheels Abutting against the radially inner side and the outer side of the outer frame ring respectively;
  • the X-axis rotating motor drives one of the outer frame ring rotating wheels to rotate to drive the outer frame ring to rotate in the outer frame annular support groove;
  • the ring and the component connecting rod are fixed, and the Z-axis is arranged in the middle of the connecting rod of the component a motor mounting plate, the Z-axis rotating motor mounting plate is mounted with a Z-axis rotating motor, and the Z-axis rotating motor drives the inner frame to rotate around the component connecting rod through the inner frame rotating ring driving;
  • the component connection The bottom of the rod is fixed to the mirror support ring;
  • the square position of the rotating rod of the square mirror is provided with a square mirror
  • the counterweight balancing measures are carried out for each rotating machine and other unbalanced parts. By carefully calculating the measurement, the center of gravity of the entire device is always at the center of the device.
  • the platform of the base support frame is provided with a 45° mirror mounting groove, and the 45° mirror is mounted by glue, so that the laser beam is horizontally irradiated, and the beam direction can be changed to a vertical direction by the 45° mirror;
  • the base support frame The Z-axis axial support rod 1, the support rod 2 and the support rod 3 are arranged; the support rod 1 and the support rod 2 are arranged on both sides of the support rod 3; the support rod 1 and the support rod 2 are connected to the outer frame annular support
  • the groove enables the outer ring support groove to support the outer frame ring;
  • the outer frame ring is fixed with a frame ring rotating wheel axle base plate, and the outer frame ring rotating wheel shaft base plate is provided with two outer frame ring rotating wheel shafts, and the upper outer frame ring rotating wheel shaft rod
  • the outer ring rotating wheel and the outer frame rotating wheel are respectively connected with the outer ring rotating wheel and the outer ring rotating wheel and the outer ring rotating wheel and the outer ring rotating wheel respectively;
  • the outer ring rotating wheel 1 and the outer ring rotating wheel 2 are respectively in close contact with the radially inner and outer surfaces of the outer frame ring; the outer ring rotating wheel 3, the outer frame rotating wheel 4 and the outer frame ring respectively Intimate contact with the inner and outer surfaces;
  • An X-axis rotating electric machine mounting plate is fixed on the axial strut 3 for mounting the shaft rotating electric machine, and the extended shaft of the X-axis rotating electric machine is fixedly connected with the center of the outer ring rotating wheel 3.
  • the connecting rod of the component has three positioning shoulders from top to bottom; the first one is the positioning shoulder of the outer ring of the outer frame, which is matched with the nut during installation to ensure the fixing of the connecting rod of the component and the outer ring of the outer frame; the second It is the positioning shoulder of the Z-axis rotating motor mounting plate.
  • the Z-axis rotating motor mounting plate is positioned at the shoulder and fixed to the component connecting rod.
  • the Z-axis rotating motor mounting plate is equipped with a Z-axis rotating motor and a Z-axis rotating motor. Counterweight;
  • the third is the positioning shoulder of the mirror support ring, which is matched with the nut during installation and is used for fixing the mirror support ring.
  • the upper part of the inner frame rotating ring is provided with an inner frame rotating ring driven wheel matching hole, and has an interference fit with the inner frame rotating ring driven wheel, and there is no relative movement between the two; in order to facilitate the rotation of the inner frame rotating ring, the inner frame rotating ring is The moving wheel is thick and thin, the upper end is thinner and the inner frame rotating ring is interference fit, the lower end is thicker and the Z-axis rotating motor is in contact with the rotating wheel; the Z-axis rotating motor rotating wheel and the inner frame rotating ring driven wheel are driven by rolling friction.
  • the power transmission is realized, and the inner frame is rotated to rotate around the Z axis; the rotating ring of the inner frame is provided with a parallel mirror mirror rotating rod connecting hole on one side, one side is connected with the rotating mirror of the square mirror, and the other side is rotated with the Y axis.
  • the rotating motor mounting plate is fixedly connected; the Y-axis rotating motor mounting plate is fixed to the Y-axis rotating motor;
  • the cube mirror rotating rod comprises a Y-axis rotating motor counterweight and a square mirror;
  • the square mirror rotating rod is fixed in the middle of the square mirror; the square mirror has a surface with a plane mirror for reflecting the laser beam reflected from the base support; the square mirror rotating rod passes through the mirror support ring Opening the hole, the rotation of the rotating rod of the square mirror can be realized about the Y-axis and the supporting action; on both sides of the supporting ring of the mirror, the rotating rod of the square mirror has one end of the counterweight connected with the opening of one side of the rotating ring of the inner frame, the square body At the other end of the mirror rotation lever, the cube mirror rotation lever is connected to the extension shaft of the Y-axis rotary motor fixed to the inner frame rotation ring to realize power transmission.
  • the mirror support ring has an axial width characteristic such that the upper end is narrow and the lower end is wide, and the lower end is wide for the installation device to balance the weight;
  • the inner surface of the annular groove of the outer frame annular support groove is provided with a rotatable cylindrical roller, and the cylindrical roller is in direct contact with the outer frame ring, which can reduce the friction when the outer frame ring rotates, thereby reducing the interference vibration.
  • the invention has the advantages that the multi-directional large-angle continuous scanning vibration measuring aid based on the single-point laser vibrometer is convenient to carry and low in cost, and can realize the projection of the fixed beam in multiple directions without adjusting the laser Doppler vibrometer.
  • the laser can be projected to any position that the user wants to measure, which greatly facilitates the measurement.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a steering structure in a Y-axis direction and a Z-axis direction;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a base and an outer frame ring
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the cylindrical roller and the outer frame ring
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the X-axis motor and the outer ring rotating wheel.
  • the present invention includes: a magnetic base 1, a base support frame 2, an outer frame ring 18, an outer frame ring support groove 16, and an inner frame rotation ring 25.
  • the magnetic base 1 can be adsorbed near the vibration source and connected to the base support frame 2 to support the entire device; the magnetic base 1 adopts the same structure as the magnetic watch, and can be adsorbed and released by the switch.
  • the base support frame 2 includes: a support rod 4, a support rod 2, a support rod 6, a 45° mirror mounting slot 3, and an X-axis rotary motor mounting plate 14.
  • the platform of the base support frame 2 is provided with a 45° mirror mounting groove 3, and the 45° mirror 13 is adhesively mounted, so that the laser beam is horizontally irradiated, and the beam direction can be changed to a vertical direction by the 45° mirror 13
  • the Z-axis axial strut 4 and the strut 2 are respectively connected to the outer frame annular support groove 16 so that the outer frame annular support groove 16 supports the outer frame ring 18.
  • the struts 4 are connected with a frame ring rotating wheel axle base plate 7, and the frame ring rotating wheel axle base plate 7 is connected with two outer frame ring rotating wheel shafts 8, two outer frame rings
  • the rotating axle shaft 8 is respectively coupled with the outer frame ring rotating wheel 9 and the outer frame ring rotating wheel 2 10 .
  • the outer frame ring rotating wheel 9 and the outer frame ring rotating wheel 2 are respectively in close contact with the radially inner and outer surfaces of the outer frame ring 18, and the X-axis rotating motor 15 outer ring rotating wheel is 9 and the outer frame ring
  • the rotating wheel 2 rotates to realize the rotation of the outer frame ring 18;
  • the Z-axis axial strut 3 6 of the base supporting frame 2 is welded with an X-axis rotating electric machine mounting plate 14 for mounting the X-axis rotating electric machine 15,
  • the motor extension shaft 151 is connected to the outer frame ring rotating wheel 31.
  • the upper end of the strut 3 6 is also connected with a shaft of the outer frame rotating wheel four 12, and the shaft is connected to the outer frame ring rotating wheel four 12.
  • the X, Y and Z axis rotating motors used in the device are all geared motors; the four outer frame ring rotating wheels are symmetrically distributed, and the two groups respectively press the radially inner and outer surfaces of the outer frame ring 18, when When the X-axis rotating motor 15 rotates, the outer frame circle can be rotated around the X-axis by the rolling friction between the outer frame rotating wheel 31 and the outer frame ring 18; in addition, the frame ring supporting groove 16 functions in addition to supporting the outer frame ring.
  • a rotatable cylindrical roller 17 which is in direct contact with the outer frame ring 18, which can reduce the friction when the outer frame ring 18 rotates, thereby reducing Interfere with vibration.
  • the outer frame ring 18 is provided with a component connecting rod opening and an annular empty groove, and a scale is attached to the outer surface of the outer frame ring 18.
  • the outer frame ring 18 has an annular groove of nearly 360° in the middle, so that the laser beam reflected from the magnetic base 1 can always pass smoothly during the rotation of the outer frame ring 18 around the X-axis;
  • the two sides of the vacant groove are the solid parts of the outer frame ring 18, and the outer side of the bottom ring 18 has a set of outer frame ring rotating wheels, and the rotating wheel is pressed tightly with the inner and outer surfaces of the outer frame ring 18.
  • the outer frame ring 18 is rotated about the X axis by rolling friction; the upper part of the outer frame ring 18 is opened with the upper opening of the component connecting rod 19, and is connected with the component connecting rod 19;
  • the outer surface of the ring 18 is affixed with a scale and used in conjunction with the X-axis scale pointer 32 to indicate the angle at which the outer frame circle rotates about the x-axis. Further, the outer frame ring 18 has no relative movement with the component connecting rod 19.
  • the component connecting rod 19 has a positioning shoulder, a thread, a nut, and a Z-axis scale pointer 35.
  • the component connecting rod 19 has three positioning shoulders from top to bottom.
  • the first one is the positioning shoulder of the outer frame ring 18, when installed Cooperate with the nut for fixing the outer frame ring 18.
  • the second one is the positioning shoulder of the Z-axis rotating motor mounting plate 20.
  • the mounting plate is positioned at the shoulder and fixed to the component connecting rod 19, and the Z-axis rotating motor 21 and the Z-axis rotating motor counterweight are mounted on the mounting plate.
  • Block 22 Further, the position and weight of the Z-axis rotating electrical machine weight block 22 are strictly mathematically calculated to ensure that the center of gravity of the Z-axis rotating electrical machine 21 and the Z-axis rotating electrical machine counterweight 22 is at the center of the component connecting rod 19, and the Z-axis rotating electrical machine.
  • the upper portion of the weight 22 is also threaded and can be used to continue to increase or decrease the weight when the device is found to be unbalanced.
  • the third is the positioning shoulder of the mirror support ring 23, which is fitted with the nut for mounting of the mirror support ring 23. Further, the mirror support ring 23 and the component connecting rod 19 have no relative movement; between the outer frame ring 18 and the inner frame rotating ring 25, the Z-axis scale pointer 35 is mounted on the component connecting rod 19, and the two are fixed. No relative movement.
  • a Z-axis dial 34 is provided below the Z-axis scale pointer 35, and the Z-axis dial 34 is fixed to the upper surface of the inner frame rotating ring 25.
  • the Z-axis dial 34 is used in conjunction with the Z-axis scale pointer 35 to indicate the angle at which the inner frame rotating ring 25 rotates about the Z-axis; between the outer frame ring 18 and the mirror support ring 23, the component connecting rod 19 and the inner portion
  • the inner frame rotating ring of the frame rotating ring 25 is clearance-fitted by the driven wheel 26, thereby allowing the inner frame rotating ring 25 to rotate about the component connecting rod, that is, about the Z-axis. There is no relative movement between the inner frame rotating ring 25 and the inner frame rotating ring driven wheel 26.
  • the upper part of the inner frame rotating ring 25 is provided with an inner frame rotating ring driven wheel 26 engaging hole, and has an interference fit with the inner frame rotating ring driven wheel 26, and there is no relative movement between the two.
  • the inner frame rotating ring driven wheel 26 is upper and lower, the upper end is thinner and the inner frame rotating ring 25 is interference fit, and the lower end is thicker and is in contact with the rotating wheel of the Z-axis rotating motor 21. .
  • the Z-axis rotating motor rotating wheel and the inner frame rotating ring driven wheel 26 are driven by rolling friction to realize power transmission, and the inner frame rotating ring 25 is rotated around the Z-axis; the inner frame rotating ring 25 is provided with a square mirror rotating rod 27 connecting hole on both sides thereof. One side is connected to the square mirror rotating lever 27, and the other side is fixed to the Y-axis rotating motor mounting plate 29. Further, the inner frame rotating ring 25 has no relative movement with the Y-axis rotating motor mounting plate 29, and the Y-axis rotating motor 28 is fixed to the mounting plate.
  • the cube mirror rotating lever 27 includes a Y-axis rotating motor weight 30 and a cube mirror 31.
  • the square mirror rotating rod 27 is fixedly connected to the square mirror 31; further, the square mirror 31 has a surface with a plane mirror for reflecting the laser beam reflected from the base support frame 2; the square mirror rotating rod 27 Through the left and right openings of the mirror support ring 23, the rotation of the square mirror rotating rod 27 about the Y axis and the supporting action can be realized; on both sides of the mirror supporting ring 23, the square mirror rotating rod 27 has a weight end and inner The one side opening of the frame rotating ring 25 is connected. Further, the weight 30 of the Y-axis rotating electrical machine on one end is calculated to ensure that the center of gravity is at the center of the entire device, and the outer surface of the weight 30 of the Y-axis rotating motor is scaled.
  • the cube mirror rotating lever 27 is connected to the extension shaft of the Y-axis rotating motor 28 fixed to the inner frame rotating ring 25 to realize power transmission. Further, the square mirror rotating rod 27 is connected to one end of the motor and has an opening in the axial direction for cooperative connection with the protruding shaft of the Y-axis rotating motor 28.
  • the mirror support ring 23 has an axial width characterized by a narrow upper end and a lower end, and a lower end is wider for mounting the device balance weight 24; the lower end of the mirror support ring 23 is provided with a slot for supporting from the base The laser beam reflected by the frame 2 passes; the mirror support ring 23 is adjacent to one side of the weight 30 of the Y-axis rotating machine, and is equipped with a Y-axis scale pointer and used in conjunction with the scale indicator bar to indicate the square mirror The angle of rotation about the Y axis.
  • the device balance weight 24 is connected to the mirror support ring 23 through the threaded hole, and the lower balance of the device balance weight 24 has a threaded hole. When the device is found to be unbalanced, it can be used to continue to increase or decrease the distribution. weight.
  • the above device performs weight balancing measures for each rotating motor and other unbalanced parts. By carefully calculating and measuring, the center of gravity of the entire device is always at the center of the device.
  • the method for vibration testing using the multi-directional large-angle continuous scanning vibration measuring aid based on the single-point laser vibrometer comprises:
  • Step 1 After the device is selected for placement, the device is fixed by the adsorption function of the magnetic base. Adjust the Doppler laser vibrometer so that the laser beam is projected horizontally onto the 45° mirror so that the direction of the laser beam is reflected vertically upwards onto the cube mirror.
  • Step 2 According to the position of the object to be tested or other requirements, any one or any of the X, Y, and Z-axis rotating motors can be selected and driven, so that the rotation of the motor causes the multi-directional continuous rotation of the cube mirror, so that The requirement for continuous projection of the laser beam in multiple directions is achieved.
  • step 2 taking the Y-axis rotating motor as an example, when the Y-axis rotating motor rotates, the square mirror is rotated around the Y-axis, and the position of the laser beam reflected from the base bracket projected onto the square mirror is continuous. The change, so that the laser beam reflected by the cube mirror is also continuously moved in the XOY plane, thereby achieving continuous scanning of the laser beam in a certain direction.
  • the other two motors rotate in the same way. If any two or three motors are driven at the same time, the laser beam can be continuously scanned in multiple directions.
  • the X-axis rotating motor drives the outer ring to rotate, so that the square mirror rotates around the X axis.
  • the solid laser can only scan around the X axis and close to 180. °, which is -90° to 90° on the dial; the Y-axis rotary motor can make the cube mirror rotate 360° around the Y axis, but the laser is blocked by the upper part of the outer ring and the lower part of the square mirror support ring.
  • the scanning range that can be achieved around the Y axis is about 300°, that is, ⁇ (20° to 170°) on the dial; the Z-axis rotating motor can make the inner frame rotating ring realize 360° rotation around the Z axis, so that there will be a cube
  • the mirror rotates 360° around the Z axis, and the solid laser can achieve 360° continuous scanning around the Z axis.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，底座支撑架(2)上设置X轴旋转电机(15)，X轴旋转电机(15)驱动其中一组外框圆环转动轮转动进而驱动外框圆环(18)在外框圆环支撑槽(16)内转动；外框圆环(18)与零部件连接杆(19)固定，零部件连接杆(19)中部设置Z轴旋转电机(21)， Z轴旋转电机(21)驱动内框转动环(25)绕零部件连接杆(19)旋转；零部件连接杆(19)底部与反射镜支撑环(23)固定；正方体反射镜转动杆(27)的中间位置设置正方体反射镜(31)，Y轴旋转电机(28)固定在内框转动环(25)的另外一侧。可实现固定光束向多方向投射，在无需调整激光多普勒测振仪的情况下，可将激光投射到用户想要测量的任意位置，极大的方便了测量。

Description

基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪 技术领域
本发明属于振动测试技术领域，具体涉及一种基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪及其控制方法。
背景技术
激光测振技术具有测试精度高、非接触测试的优点，适用于高速旋转、高频、高温环境下的振动测量场合，目前正在越来越多的被应用于航空、航天、汽车、船舶、高档数控机床、机器人等各个领域的高精度测振场合，其在机械系统的故障诊断、减振降噪、结构动态响应预估、动态特性优化等各个环节也发挥着越来越大的作用。
目前，虽然单点激光多普勒测振仪越来越普及，但是绝大多数的单点激光多普勒测振仪都在测试效率上存在缺陷。一方面，该仪器需要依靠人工调整的方式来改变测点位置，以致在需要多点结构振动测试或模态测试时测振效率不高。另一方面，受限于现有的单点激光多普勒测振仪的尺寸局限，在一些狭小空间或者高温空间内，该仪器不能直接被布置在测试工况下，需要设计一定的辅助夹具和工装，来灵活的改变单点激光多普勒测振仪发出的激光点的测试角度和位置，以此来实现关注测点位置振动信息的有效获取。但目前这些专用的辅助夹具和工装，往往只能满足某一个特定的测试场合，在市场也一般也没有销售，这就使得这些辅助夹具和工装结构需要用户自行设计，无疑加重了用户关于该仪器的使用负担。
另外，虽然国外部分仪器厂商开发了可实现连续扫描测振的激光多普勒测振仪，并已经在市场上销售，但由于该仪器价格极其昂贵，且还需要配备复杂的控制软件、经过专业技术人员培训才能够进行使用，这无疑加重并提高了用户对该仪器的使用成本和仪器使用门槛。更重要的是，该扫描激光多普勒测振仪，通常需要安放在一个三脚架上，其在X,Y方向的扫描测试范围只能是±20°，在满足用户关于在多方向的连续扫描测振需求上还存在较大差距。为此，有必要发明一种基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪。
发明内容：
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪及其控制方法。具体技术方案如下：
单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，包括底座，所述底座上设置底座支撑架，所述底座支撑架上设置X轴旋转电机，两组外框圆环转动轮分别与外框圆环的径向内侧与外侧抵接；X轴旋转电机驱动其中一组外框圆环转动轮转动进而驱动外框圆环在外框圆环支撑槽内转动；所述外框圆环与零部件连接杆固定，所述零部件连接杆中部设置Z轴旋 转电机安装板，所述Z轴旋转电机安装板上安装有Z轴旋转电机，所述Z轴旋转电机通过内框转动环从动轮驱动内框转动环绕零部件连接杆旋转；所述零部件连接杆底部与反射镜支撑环固定；正方体反射镜转动杆的中间位置设置正方体反射镜，两端穿过反射镜支撑环后分别与Y轴旋转电机及内框转动环连接；Y轴旋转电机固定在内框转动环的另外一侧；所述底座上设置45°反光镜安装槽，所述45°反光镜安装槽内设置45°反光镜；外框圆环及反射镜支撑环均设置环状空槽以便激光通过；激光束水平投射到45°反光镜上改为竖直向上反射到正方体反射镜上。
各个旋转电机以及其他不平衡部位都进行了配重平衡措施，通过仔细计算测量，可保证整个装置的重心始终在装置中心。
底座支撑架的平台处开有45°反光镜安装槽，用胶粘方式安装45°反光镜，这样激光光束水平照射过来，可通过45°反光镜把光束方向改变为竖直向上；底座支撑架上设置Z轴轴向的支杆一、支杆二及支杆三；所述支杆一、支杆二设置在支杆三的两侧；支杆一、支杆二连接外框圆环支撑槽，使外框圆环支撑槽实现对外框圆环的支撑；
支杆一上固定有外框圆环转动轮轴杆基座板，所述外框圆环转动轮轴杆基座板上设置两根外框圆环转动轮轴杆，上部的外框圆环转动轮轴杆分别与外框圆环转动轮一、外框转动轮四连接；下端的外框圆环转动轮轴杆分别与外框圆环转动轮一及外框圆环转动轮三相连接；
外框圆环转动轮一、外框圆环转动轮二分别与外框圆环的径向内外表面紧密接触；外框圆环转动轮三、外框转动轮四分别与外框圆环的径向内外表面紧密接触；
轴向支杆三上固定有X轴旋转电机安装板，用于安装轴旋转电机，所述X轴旋转电机的伸出轴与外框圆环转动轮三的圆心固定连接。
零部件连接杆自上而下有三个定位轴肩；第一个是外框圆环的定位轴肩，安装时与螺母相配合，保证零部件连接杆与外框圆环的固定；第二个是Z轴旋转电机安装板的定位轴肩，Z轴旋转电机安装板定位于轴肩处并与零部件连接杆固连，Z轴旋转电机安装板上安装有Z轴旋转电机和Z轴旋转电机配重块；
第三个是反射镜支撑环的定位轴肩，安装时与螺母相配合，用于反射镜支撑环的固定。
内框转动环上部开有内框转动环从动轮配合孔，并与内框转动环从动轮过盈配合，两者之间无相对运动；为了方便内框转动环的转动，内框转动环从动轮为上细下粗，上端较细与内框转动环过盈配合，下端较粗与Z轴旋转电机的转动轮相接触；Z轴旋转电机转动轮与内框转动环从动轮靠滚动摩擦来实现动力传递，带动内框转动环绕Z轴转动；内框转动环两侧开有正方体反射镜转动杆连接孔，一侧用于和正方体反射镜转动杆连接，另一侧与Y轴旋 转电机安装板固连；Y轴旋转电机安装板上固连Y轴旋转电机；
所述正方体反射镜转动杆包括Y轴旋转电机配重块、正方体反射镜；
正方体反射镜转动杆中间固连正方体反射镜；正方体反射镜有一个表面贴有平面反光镜，用于反射从底座支撑架反射上来的激光束；正方体反射镜转动杆穿过反射镜支撑环的左右开孔，可以实现正方体反射镜转动杆的绕Y轴转动以及支撑作用；在反射镜支撑环两侧，正方体反射镜转动杆有配重一端与内框转动环的一侧开孔相连接，正方体反射镜转动杆的另一端，正方体反射镜转动杆与固连在内框转动环上的Y轴旋转电机的伸出轴相连，实现动力传递。
所述反射镜支撑环，其轴向的宽度特征为上端窄下端宽，下端做宽用于安装装置平衡配重块作用；
外框圆环支撑槽的环形槽内表面安装有可转动的圆柱辊，圆柱辊与外框圆环直接接触，可减小外框圆环转动时的摩擦，从而减小干扰振动。
本发明的优点：基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，携带方便，成本低廉，可实现固定光束向多方向投射，在无需调整激光多普勒测振仪的情况下，可将激光投射到用户想要测量的任意位置，极大的方便了测量。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为Y轴方向及Z轴方向转向结构示意图；
图3为底座及外框圆环的结构示意图；
图4为圆柱辊与外框圆环配合结构示意图；
图5为X轴电机与外框圆环转动轮连接结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图具体说明本发明，如图1—图5所示，本发明包括：磁力底座1、底座支撑架2、外框圆环18、外框圆环支撑槽16、内框转动环25、反射镜支撑环23、正方体反射镜转动杆27、正方体反射镜31、零部件连接杆19、45°反射镜13、X轴旋转电机15、Y轴旋转电机28、Z轴旋转电机21。
磁力底座1可吸附在振源附近，并与底座支撑架2相连，对整个装置起支撑作用；所述磁力底座1采用与磁力表一样的结构，通过开关可实现吸附与放开。
所述底座支撑架2包括：支杆一4、支杆二5、支杆三6、45°反光镜安装槽3、X轴旋转电机安装板14。
底座支撑架2的平台处开有45°反光镜安装槽3，用胶粘方式安装45°反光镜13，这样激光光束水平照射过来，可通过45°反光镜13把光束方向改变为竖直向上；底座支撑架2伸出的Z轴轴向的支杆一4、支杆二5分别连接外框圆环支撑槽16，使外框圆环支撑槽16实现对外框圆环18的支撑。支杆一4上连接有外框圆环转动轮轴杆基座板7，此外框圆环转动轮轴杆基座板7上连接有两根外框圆环转动轮轴杆8，两根外框圆环转动轮轴杆8分别与外框圆环转动轮一9、外框圆环转动轮二10配合连接。外框圆环转动轮一9、外框圆环转动轮二10分别与外框圆环18的径向内外表面紧密接触，X轴旋转电机15外框圆环转动轮一9、外框圆环转动轮二10转动进而实现外框圆环18一起转动；底座支撑架2伸出的Z轴轴向支杆三6上焊接有X轴旋转电机安装板14，用于安装X轴旋转电机15，且电机伸出轴151与外框圆环转动轮三11相连接。此支杆三6上端还连接有外框转动轮四12的轴杆，此轴杆连接外框圆环转动轮四12。
进一步说明：此装置所用X、Y、Z轴旋转电机均为减速电机；此四个外框圆环转动轮对称分布，两个一组分别压紧外框圆环18的径向内外表面，当X轴旋转电机15转动时便可通过外框转动轮三11与外框圆环18的滚动摩擦实现外框圆环绕X轴旋转；此外框圆环支撑槽16除支撑外框圆环作用外，还在外框圆环支撑槽16的环形槽内表面安装有可转动的圆柱辊17，圆柱辊17与外框圆环18直接接触，可减小外框圆环18转动时的摩擦，从而减小干扰振动。
所述外框圆环18上开有零部件连接杆开孔和环状空槽，并且在外框圆环18外侧表面贴有刻度。
外框圆环18在中间开有将近360°的环状空槽，目的是使外框圆环18在绕X轴转动过程中，从磁力底座1反射上来的激光束始终能够顺利通过；在环状空槽的两侧是外框圆环18的实体部分，外框圆环18的底部两侧各有一组外框圆环转动轮，转动轮与外框圆环18的内外表面压紧配合。当X轴旋转电机15工作，带动外框圆环转动轮三11转动，此时外框圆环转动轮三11配合外框圆环转动轮四12，另一侧则是外框圆环转动轮19、210相配合，通过滚动摩擦使外框圆环18绕X轴转动；外框圆环18的上部开有零部件连接杆19的上开孔，与零部件连接杆19配合连接；外框圆环18的外侧表面贴有刻度，并与X轴刻度指针32配合使用，用以指示外框圆环绕X轴旋转的角度。进一步说明，外框圆环18与零部件连接杆19无相对运动。
所述零部件连接杆19上有定位轴肩、螺纹、螺母、Z轴刻度指针35。
零部件连接杆19自上而下有三个定位轴肩。第一个是外框圆环18的定位轴肩，安装时 与螺母相配合，用于外框圆环18的固定。第二个是Z轴旋转电机安装板20的定位轴肩，安装板定位于轴肩处并与零部件连接杆19固连，安装板上安装有Z轴旋转电机21和Z轴旋转电机配重块22。进一步说明，Z轴旋转电机配重块22的位置以及重量经过严密数学计算，保证实现Z轴旋转电机21与Z轴旋转电机配重块22重心在零部件连接杆19中心，此外Z轴旋转电机配重块22的上部还开有螺纹孔，当发现装置不平衡时，可以用来继续增加或减少配重。第三个是反射镜支撑环23的定位轴肩，安装时与螺母相配合，用于反射镜支撑环23的固定。进一步说明，反射镜支撑环23与零部件连接杆19无相对运动；在外框圆环18与内框转动环25之间，零部件连接杆19上安装有Z轴刻度指针35，两者固连，无相对运动。在Z轴刻度指针35的下面有Z轴刻度盘34，并且Z轴刻度盘34与内框转动环25的上表面固连。Z轴刻度盘34与Z轴刻度指针35配合使用，用于指示内框转动环25绕Z轴旋转的角度；在外框圆环18与反射镜支撑环23之间，零部件连接杆19与内框转动环25的内框转动环从动轮26间隙配合，即可允许内框转动环25绕零部件连接杆转动即绕Z轴转动。内框转动环25与内框转动环从动轮26间无相对运动。
内框转动环25上部开有内框转动环从动轮26配合孔，并与内框转动环从动轮26过盈配合，两者之间无相对运动。为了方便内框转动环25的转动，内框转动环从动轮26为上细下粗，上端较细与内框转动环25过盈配合，下端较粗与Z轴旋转电机21的转动轮相接触。Z轴旋转电机转动轮与内框转动环从动轮26靠滚动摩擦来实现动力传递，带动内框转动环25绕Z轴转动；内框转动环25两侧开有正方体反射镜转动杆27连接孔，一侧用于和正方体反射镜转动杆27连接，另一侧与Y轴旋转电机安装板29固连。进一步说明，内框转动环25与Y轴旋转电机安装板29无相对运动，且安装板上固连Y轴旋转电机28。
所述正方体反射镜转动杆27包括：Y轴旋转电机配重块30、正方体反射镜31。
正方体反射镜转动杆27中间固连正方体反射镜31；进一步说明，正方体反射镜31有一个表面贴有平面反光镜，用于反射从底座支撑架2反射上来的激光束；正方体反射镜转动杆27穿过反射镜支撑环23的左右开孔，可以实现正方体反射镜转动杆27的绕Y轴转动以及支撑作用；在反射镜支撑环23两侧，正方体反射镜转动杆27有配重一端与内框转动环25的一侧开孔相连接。进一步说明，在此一端上的Y轴旋转电机的配重块30，经过计算确保重心在整个装置球心，并且Y轴旋转电机的配重块30的外表面贴有刻度。另一端，正方体反射镜转动杆27与固连在内框转动环25上的Y轴旋转电机28的伸出轴相连，实现动力传递。进一步说明，正方体反射镜转动杆27连接电机的一端在轴向有开孔，用于和Y轴旋转电机28的伸出轴配合连接。
所述反射镜支撑环23，其轴向的宽度特征为上端窄下端宽，下端做宽用于安装装置平衡配重块24；反射镜支撑环23的下端开有空槽，可使从底座支撑架2反射上来的激光束通过；反射镜支撑环23靠近Y轴旋转电机的配重块30的一侧，安装有Y轴刻度指针，并与刻度指示条相配合使用，用以指示正方体反射镜绕Y轴旋转的角度。需要说明，此装置平衡配重块24通过螺纹孔与反射镜支撑环23连接，并且装置平衡配重块24下部叶开有螺纹孔，当发现装置不平衡时，可以用来继续增加或减少配重。
进一步说明，以上装置对于各个旋转电机以及其他不平衡部位都进行了配重平衡措施，通过仔细计算测量，可保证整个装置的重心始终在装置中心。
采用所述的基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪进行振动测试的方法，包括：
步骤一、此装置选好放置位置以后，利用磁力底座的吸附功能，将此装置固定。调整好多普勒激光测振仪，使激光束水平投射到45°反光镜上，这样激光束方向便改为竖直向上反射到正方体反射镜上。
步骤二、根据被测物的位置或其它要求，可自行选择驱动X、Y、Z轴旋转电机当中的任一个或者任意多个，从而由电机的转动导致正方体反射镜的多方向连续转动，这样即可实现激光束向多方向连续投射的要求。
进一步说明步骤二，以Y轴旋转电机为例，当Y轴旋转电机转动时便带动正方体反射镜绕Y轴旋转，那么从底座支架反射上来的激光束投射到正方体反射镜上的位置就会连续变化，从而也使正方体反射镜反射出的激光束在XOY面内连续运动，从而实现激光束在某一方向的连续扫描。其他两个电机转动时同理，若同时驱动任意两个或三个电机，那么就可实现激光束向多个方向连续扫描的要求。
进一步说明三个旋转电机通过带动正方体反射镜旋转从而使反射出的激光扫描角度范围的变化情况。X轴旋转电机带动外框圆环转动，从而使正方体反射镜绕X轴旋转，但是当装置旋转到一定角度会出现底部反射上来的激光被遮挡问题，固激光只能绕X轴旋转扫描接近180°，即刻度盘上的-90°至90°；Y轴旋转电机可以使正方体反射镜实现绕Y轴的360°旋转，但是由于外框圆环上部和正方体反射镜支撑环下部的遮挡，激光可绕Y轴实现的扫描范围为300°左右，即在刻度盘的±(20°至170°)；Z轴旋转电机可使内框转动环实现绕Z轴的360°旋转，从而会有正方体反射镜的绕Z轴360°旋转，固激光绕Z轴可实现360°连续扫描。

Claims (7)

  1. 基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，其特征在于：包括底座(1)，所述底座(1)上设置底座支撑架(2)，所述底座支撑架(2)上设置X轴旋转电机(15)，两组外框圆环转动轮分别与外框圆环(18)的径向内侧与外侧抵接；X轴旋转电机(15)驱动其中一组外框圆环转动轮转动进而驱动外框圆环(18)在外框圆环支撑槽(16)内转动；所述外框圆环(18)与零部件连接杆(19)固定，所述零部件连接杆(19)中部设置Z轴旋转电机安装板(20)，所述Z轴旋转电机安装板(20)上安装有Z轴旋转电机(21)，所述Z轴旋转电机(21)通过内框转动环从动轮(26)驱动内框转动环(25)绕零部件连接杆(19)旋转；所述零部件连接杆(19)底部与反射镜支撑环(23)固定；正方体反射镜转动杆(27)的中间位置设置正方体反射镜(31)，两端穿过反射镜支撑环(23)后分别与Y轴旋转电机(28)及内框转动环连接(25)；Y轴旋转电机(28)固定在内框转动环(25)的另外一侧；所述底座(1)上设置45°反光镜安装槽(3)，所述45°反光镜安装槽(3)内设置45°反光镜(13)；外框圆环(18)及反射镜支撑环(23)均设置环状空槽以便激光通过；激光束水平投射到45°反光镜(13)上改为竖直向上反射到正方体反射镜(31)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，其特征在于：各个旋转电机以及其他不平衡部位都进行了配重平衡措施，通过仔细计算测量，可保证整个装置的重心始终在装置中心。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，其特征在于：底座支撑架(2)的平台处开有45°反光镜安装槽(3)，用胶粘方式安装45°反光镜(13)，这样激光光束水平照射过来，可通过45°反光镜(13)把光束方向改变为竖直向上；底座支撑架(2)上设置Z轴轴向的支杆一(4)、支杆二(5)及支杆三(6)；所述支杆一(4)、支杆二(5)设置在支杆三(6)的两侧；支杆一(4)、支杆二(5)连接外框圆环支撑槽(16)，使外框圆环支撑槽(16)实现对外框圆环(18)的支撑；支杆一(4)上固定有外框圆环转动轮轴杆基座板(7)，所述外框圆环转动轮轴杆基座板(7)上设置两根外框圆环转动轮轴杆(8)，上部的外框圆环转动轮轴杆(8)分别与外框圆环转动轮一(9)、外框转动轮四(12)连接；下端的外框圆环转动轮轴杆(8)分别与外框圆环转动轮一(9)及外框圆环转动轮三(11)相连接；外框圆环转动轮一(9)、外框圆环转动轮二(10)分别与外框圆环(18)的径向内外表面紧密接触；外框圆环转动轮三(11)、外框转动轮四(12)分别与外框圆环(18)的径向内外表面紧密接触；轴向支杆三(6)上固定有X轴旋转电机安装板 (14)，用于安装X轴旋转电机(15)，所述X轴旋转电机(15)的伸出轴151与外框圆环转动轮三(11)的圆心固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，其特征在于：零部件连接杆(19)自上而下有三个定位轴肩；第一个是外框圆环(18)的定位轴肩，安装时与螺母相配合，保证零部件连接杆(19)与外框圆环(18)的固定；第二个是Z轴旋转电机安装板(20)的定位轴肩，Z轴旋转电机安装板(20)定位于轴肩处并与零部件连接杆(19)固连，Z轴旋转电机安装板(20)上安装有Z轴旋转电机(21)和Z轴旋转电机配重块(22)；第三个是反射镜支撑环(23)的定位轴肩，安装时与螺母相配合，用于反射镜支撑环(23)的固定。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，其特征在于：内框转动环(25)上部开有内框转动环从动轮(26)配合孔，并与内框转动环从动轮(26)过盈配合，两者之间无相对运动；内框转动环从动轮(26)为上细下粗，上端较细与内框转动环(25)过盈配合，下端较粗与Z轴旋转电机(21)的转动轮相接触；Z轴旋转电机转动轮与内框转动环从动轮(26)靠滚动摩擦来实现动力传递，带动内框转动环(25)绕Z轴转动；内框转动环(25)两侧开有正方体反射镜转动杆(27)连接孔，一侧用于和正方体反射镜转动杆(27)连接，另一侧与Y轴旋转电机安装板(29)固连；Y轴旋转电机安装板(29)上固连Y轴旋转电机(28)；所述正方体反射镜转动杆(27)包括Y轴旋转电机配重块(30)、正方体反射镜(31)；正方体反射镜转动杆(27)中间固连正方体反射镜(31)；正方体反射镜(31)四个表面为平面反光镜，用于反射从底座支撑架(2)反射上来的激光束；正方体反射镜转动杆(27)穿过反射镜支撑环(23)的左右开孔，可以实现正方体反射镜转动杆(27)的绕Y轴转动以及支撑作用；在反射镜支撑环(23)两侧，正方体反射镜转动杆(27)有配重一端与内框转动环(25)的一侧开孔相连接，正方体反射镜转动杆(27)的另一端，正方体反射镜转动杆(27)与固连在内框转动环(25)上的Y轴旋转电机(28)的伸出轴相连，实现动力传递。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，其特征在于：所述反射镜支撑环(23)，其轴向的宽度特征为上端窄下端宽，下端做宽用于安装装置平衡配重块(24)作用。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于单点激光测振仪的多方向大角度连续扫描测振辅助仪，其特征在于：外框圆环支撑槽(16)的环形槽内表面安装有可转动的圆柱辊(17)，圆柱辊(17)与外框圆环(18)直接接触，可减小外框圆环(18)转动时的摩擦，从而减小干扰振动。
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