WO2018178905A1 - Toit de véhicule stratifié opaque à apparence vitrée panoramique - Google Patents

Toit de véhicule stratifié opaque à apparence vitrée panoramique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018178905A1
WO2018178905A1 PCT/IB2018/052152 IB2018052152W WO2018178905A1 WO 2018178905 A1 WO2018178905 A1 WO 2018178905A1 IB 2018052152 W IB2018052152 W IB 2018052152W WO 2018178905 A1 WO2018178905 A1 WO 2018178905A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
glass
roof
vehicle roof
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2018/052152
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mario Arturo MANNHEIM ASTETE
Juan Pablo Suarez
Charles Stephen Voeltzel
Original Assignee
Agp America S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CONC2017/0007443A external-priority patent/CO2017007443A1/es
Application filed by Agp America S.A. filed Critical Agp America S.A.
Priority to CN201880022346.8A priority Critical patent/CN110753618A/zh
Priority to DE112018001647.1T priority patent/DE112018001647T5/de
Priority to US16/499,699 priority patent/US11618507B2/en
Publication of WO2018178905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018178905A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/061—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10091—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet thermally hardened
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
    • B32B17/10137—Chemical strengthening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/06—Fixed roofs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of automotive vehicle roofs.
  • a popular option on new cars that has seen rapid growth over the last several years is the panoramic glass roof 14 (Figure 1A and IB).
  • a vehicle so equipped has a roof that is comprised substantially of glass 2.
  • the large panoramic glass roof 14 gives the vehicle an airy and luxurious look.
  • the take rate has been in the 30% to 40% range. In China, the rate has been close to 100% on some models.
  • panoramic roofs are often fixed in place and do not open. Models equipped with panoramic roofs that open utilize complicated and expensive mechanisms that tend to be prone to warranty issues. In addition, panoramic roofs sometimes do not let very much light into the vehicle. Due to the large surface area exposed to the sun, the panoramic roof is often designed to transmit less than 10% visible radiation and as little as possible infrared radiation so as to reduce the need for a shade, another added cost and potential warranty item, and to reduce the solar heat load. This may be one option that is purchased more for appearance and aesthetics rather than function.
  • the vehicle is positioned on the machine and then locked in place at the rocker panels.
  • a powerful hydraulic ram with a large 72" x 30" platen mounted at a 25 degree angle to horizontal, is used to apply force to the roof while data is recorded.
  • the platen is moved at a rate of 5 mm per second until the roof has been displaced (crushed) by at least 127 mm.
  • the roof rating is based upon the ratio of the maximum force applied to the vehicle curb weight. Vehicles with a ratio of four and above are rated as "good”. A ratio of less than 2.5 is rated as "poor". All vehicle manufacturers strive to get a "good" rating as the test results are an important factor in the purchase decision of many consumers.
  • One of the drawbacks of the panoramic roof is that to maintain the structural integrity of a panoramic roof equipped vehicle, the vehicle structure must be reinforced in order to get a "good" rating on the roof crush test. This is sometimes because the panoramic roof option is introduced by the manufacturer after the vehicle design has been completed. Rather than making major structural and material changes, the same chassis is used for both the panoramic and non- panoramic vehicles.
  • the roof sheet metal 18 ( Figures 1A and IB) is changed and additional bracing 24 ( Figure 2A and 2B) and reinforcement is added in other places on the panoramic models. This adds to the weight of the vehicle and the expense of the panoramic roof option. This is always true for after-market, dealer installed roofs.
  • the invention is a substantially opaque laminated vehicle roof having the same exterior appearance and aesthetic appeal as a standard panoramic glass roof.
  • the laminated roof is comprised of an outer layer of glass, comprising one major surface of serving as the vehicle roof outer surface, laminated to an inner layer through the use of an adhesive/bonding layer positioned between and connecting major opposite faces of the inner layer and the outer layer.
  • the inner layer can substantially comprise steel, aluminum, glass, carbon fiber, fiberglass or any other material suitable to provide the level of strength needed to support the exterior glass layer and meet the roof functional requirements.
  • the opaque laminated vehicle roof comprises: an opaque adhesive/bonding layer, an opaque glass layer, an opaque film layer, an opaque coating layer, a paint layer, or a layer comprising an opaque material such as a metal, composite or plastic.
  • the laminated roof is opaque, yield losses due to vision, optics and certain other defects are eliminated along with their associated cost.
  • Embodiments making use of a metal in inner layers are not classified as safety glazing and thus are not required to meet the regulatory requirements for safety glazing. This can also have a major impact on cost.
  • the laminated roof can be processed using the same equipment and processes that are used to produce a conventional panoramic glass roof allowing both to be produced in the same facility with no additional capital investment.
  • the opaque layer allows the laminated roof to be used for added value options not possible otherwise such as antennas, lighting and solar cells.
  • Figure 1A shows a laminated panoramic roof and sheet metal opening in vehicle according to prior art.
  • Figure IB shows a cross sectional of the laminated panoramic roof and sheet metal of Figure 1A.
  • Figure 2A shows a vehicle roof sheet metal with structural cross braces according to prior art.
  • Figure 2B shows a cross section of the vehicle roof sheet metal of Figure 2A.
  • Figure 3A shows a cross section of the vehicle roof with panoramic glazed aesthetic of Figure 3B.
  • Figure 3B shows a vehicle roof with panoramic glazed aesthetic perspective view.
  • Figure 4A shows a corner detail of the vehicle roof with panoramic glazed aesthetic of Figure 4B.
  • Figure 4B shows a vehicle roof with panoramic glazed aesthetic with single glass layer bonded to metal layer.
  • Figure 5A shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 1
  • Figure 5B shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 2
  • Figure 5C shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 3
  • Figure 5D shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 4
  • Figure 6A shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 5
  • Figure 6B shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 6
  • Figure 6C shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 7
  • Figure 6D shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 8
  • Figure 7A shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 9
  • Figure 7B shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 10
  • Figure 7C shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 11
  • Figure 7D shows a cross section of a panoramic roof according to embodiment 12
  • Figure 8 shows a vehicle roof with panoramic glazed aesthetic with interior lighting.
  • Figure 9 shows a vehicle roof with
  • Figure 13 A shows a cross section of the vehicle roof with panoramic glazed aesthetic of Figure 13B.
  • Figure 13B shows a vehicle roof with panoramic glazed aesthetic with transparent in opaque layer.
  • Figure 14 shows a cold bending flow chart.
  • the object of this invention is to provide an opaque laminated vehicle roof with the same appearance and aesthetics of a conventional glass panoramic roof. While the concept of an opaque glass window may appear to be counter-intuitive, much of the appeal of the conventional panoramic roof comes from the aesthetic of its appearance rather than its ability to admit light and air. Looking at conventional laminated glass panoramic roofs, we find that they are often fixed due to the complexity and cost of having glass that can move. In the case of these fixed glass roofs, only air is admitted. Due to their large surface area, conventional panoramic roofs do not provide abundant light due to the need for solar control.
  • the roof does not have to be transparent, but only have an exterior glass surface, materials that are not transparent and that are not glass can be used as a part of the laminate.
  • the roof laminate does not use an interior glass layer, the laminate may not be classified as a safety glazing which also helps to reduce the production costs.
  • the exterior glass layer is laminated to a 1 mm, 20 gauge steel layer.
  • a weight reduction in the range of 30% to 50% is possible as compared to a conventional glass laminate.
  • the gauge of the sheet metal may be reduced to 0.5 mm or less for even more weight savings.
  • the inside surface of the roof laminate can also comprise glass, giving the interior, as well as the exterior, the appearance and aesthetic of a panoramic roof.
  • a roof panel 18 used for a glazed panoramic roof is shown with an opening 20 through which light may pass. Also, a 1 mm glass 2, a 0.76 mm black PVB layer 9, a 2.1 mm glass 2, a 6.0 mm adhesive 7 and a 1 mm steel 8 is shown.
  • the panel comprises the mounting surface for a glazed panoramic roof and can also be used to mount the laminated roof of this invention. In this manner, very little needs to be done to adapt the manufacturing/assembly process.
  • the same adhesive 7 system can be used to bond the laminated roof to the vehicle opening.
  • a thin glass layer 2 is shown bonded by a bonding layer 4 to a thin steel layer 8.
  • the laminated roof can be supplied with other value added options as required.
  • the opaque layer provides the opportunity for additional added value option that are not possible otherwise.
  • Light sources such as but not limited to: LEDs, electro-luminescent and OLED elements can be laminated inside of the roof.
  • Light sources, oriented to radiate towards the interior can be used to provide for interior illumination, replacing the typical dome 29, door lights 30 and reading lights 31 ( Figure 8) as well as other lighting applications that may not have been practical.
  • Light sources, oriented to radiate towards the exterior can provide primary signals, such as the high mounted brake light and supplemental brake 27 /turn signal lights 28 (Figure 9). Hidden behind the glass, the lights are nearly invisible when not turned on. With a near horizontal orientation, the roof is also the perfect location for antennas 34 ( Figure 10) and solar cells 36 (Figure 11).
  • Antennas can be formed in a number of ways. Screen print silver has been used since the early 1990s to apply antennas to automotive glass. Antennas can also be integrated into a conductive coating, applied to the glass or to a film layer. Thin conductive wires can also be embedded in the bonding layer.
  • the headliner can be added as a part of the roof laminate or the roof laminate can be supplied with fasteners for the headliner already installed.
  • fasteners include but are not limited to: hook-and-loop, adhesive strip, burr, touch, ribbed pin & socket, clips, springs and others known and any of the others commonly known and used in the art.
  • Glass options include but are not limited to: the common soda-lime variety typical of automotive glazing as well as aluminosilicate, lithium aluminosilicate, borosilicate, glass ceramics, and the various other inorganic solid amorphous compositions which undergo a glass transition and are classified as glass included those that are not transparent.
  • the laminate can more efficiently reflect solar energy through the use of an infrared reflecting coating or film. Even without an infrared reflecting layer, glass will reflect more solar energy than a painted surface. Glass, being a poor heat conductor, also helps slowing down the solar energy transfer to the passenger cabin, while having an emissivity of over 0.9 it helps to cool a hot vehicle by radiating heat from the inside of the vehicle to the outside.
  • Infrared reflecting coatings include but are not limited to the various metal/dielectric layered coatings applied though vacuum deposition as well as others known in the art that are applied via pyrolytic spray, CVD and dip.
  • Coated layers may have an opaque substrate or have an opaque layer opposite to the infrared reflecting layer.
  • the opaque layer may also be created by printing an opaque ink onto the non-coated side of the substrate.
  • Infrared reflecting films includes both metallic coated substrates as well as organic based optical films which reflect infrared radiation. Film may also include an opaque coating or layer opposite to the infrared reflecting surface. Standard terminology is used to describe the configuration of a laminated glazing ( Figure 12).
  • a normal automotive windshield is comprised of two layers of glass that are permanently bonded together. The glass surface that is on the outside of the vehicle is referred to as surface one 101 or the number one surface. The opposite face of the outer layer of glass 201 is surface two 102 or the number two surface. The glass surface that is on the inside of the vehicle is referred to as surface four 104 or the number four surface. The opposite face of the inside layer of glass 203 is surface three 103 or the number three surface.
  • the bonding layer 4 has the primary function of bonding the major faces of adjacent layers to each other.
  • surface two 102 of the top glass layer 2 is bonded to surface one 101 of the layer adjacent and below by the bonding layer 4.
  • the material selected is typically a clear plastic when bonding to another glass layer 2.
  • the most commonly used bonding layer 4 or interlayer is polyvinyl butyl (PVB).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyl
  • ionoplast polymers ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), cast in place (CIP) liquid resin and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) can also be used.
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • CIP cast in place
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • a wide variety of adhesives can be used when bonding glass to a non-glass layer 2 or when bonding non-glass layers.
  • the bonding layer can also serve as the opaque layer.
  • Opaque PVB is available in black as well as a wide variety of other colors which can also be used.
  • the opaque layer can also be created by printing with an opaque ink on the bonding layer.
  • Black frit is a type of ink made from a mix of high temperature black pigments, fine ground glass and an organic carrier and binder. Black frit is commonly applied by silk screen printing or ink jet printing and used on automotive glazing to provide for an obscuration to hide the interior trim and the adhesive used to mount the glazing in the vehicle. The frit is applied before the bending of the glass. During the bending process, the glass powder fuses with the surface of the glass making for a durable permanent bond. Black frit may be used to provide for the opaque layer required by printing on surface two 102 of the glass layer 2 or surface three 103 or four 104 of the roof laminate is comprises at least two glass layers.
  • Adhesives commonly used to mount glazing to openings in the opaque layers 32 include moisture cure polyurethanes (Figure 13A and 13B).
  • One of the drawbacks of the process is that the adhesive must be thick enough to accommodate the manufacturing variance of glass. This is because the shape tolerances for glass are larger than that of sheet metal.
  • the roof 14 can be mounted to the vehicle with a method that requires a smaller gap than with just glass on metal.
  • the use of thin flexible glass layers also facilitates conformance of the glass to the steel layer.
  • steel alloys that can be used. The embodiments envisioned would use the same types of double galvanized carbon steel as used for typical roof skins.
  • the headliner is the body trim used to cover the roof structure. Typically it is made of a non- woven cloth with a backing to maintain its shape. The headliner needs to be removable to allow for repairs and replacement. In this case, the same type of fastener can be provided on the inside surface of the laminated roof as a value added option. The most common is the interlocking plastic finger type (Velcro) but many others are known in the art and can also be used. Glazing, in the context of this invention, shall mean any safety glazing certified to any of the regulatory standards for automotive safety glazing.
  • Scratch resistance coatings are widely known in the art and typically used on transparent plastics such as automotive headlamp housings.
  • a common type envisioned in the embodiments includes silica coatings applied using a magnetron sputtered vacuum deposition (MSVD) process or by a sol-gel process.
  • MSVD magnetron sputtered vacuum deposition
  • sol-gel sol-gel process
  • Anti-reflective coating are widely known in the art. Anti-glare coatings serve a similar function and are included. Coatings can be applied using a MSVD process, by a pyrolytic process or by a sol-gel process. Surface treatments can also be used to provide for an anti-glare surface. As can be appreciated, other equivalent treatments and application methods are available and will become available.
  • An anti-reflective coating can be applied on the inner surface of glass on those embodiments comprising a glass inner layer 202. Layers that are not composed of glass are formed using any of the methods and processes typical for the specific material and known in the art. As an example, a steel panel, intended for use in the laminated roof, may be formed through the use of a conventional metal stamping process.
  • Glass layers are formed using gravity bending, press bending or cold bending. Gravity and press bending methods for forming glass are well known in the art.
  • Cylindrical shapes can be formed with a radius in one direction of less than 4 meters. Shapes with complex bends, such as curvature in the direction of both principle axis, can be formed with a radius of curvature in each direction of as small as approximately 8 meters. Of course, much depends upon the surface area of the parts and the types and thicknesses of the substrates.
  • the cold bent glass will remain in tension and tend to distort the shape of the bent layer that it is bonded to. Therefore, the bent layer must be compensated to offset the tension.
  • Metal substrates with their greater strength and stiffness, are excellent substrates for cold bending.
  • the flat glass may need to be partially thermally bent prior to cold bending.
  • the glass to be cold bent is placed with a bent-to-shape layer and with a bonding layer placed between the glass to be cold bent and the bent glass layer.
  • the assembly is placed in what is known as a vacuum bag.
  • the vacuum bag is an airtight set of plastic sheets, enclosing the assembly and bonded together at the edges, which allows for the air to be evacuated from the assembly and which also applies pressure on the assembly forcing the layers into contact.
  • the assembly in the evacuated vacuum bag is then heated to be sealed.
  • the assembly is next placed into an autoclave which heats it and applies high pressure, completing the cold bending process as the flat glass at this point has conformed to the shape of the bent layer and is permanently affixed.
  • Figure 5 A shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising two 2.1 mm dark heat absorbing glass layers 2 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 9 of opaque PVB.
  • An anti-reflective coating layer 17 is applied to the number four surface 104 of the glass.
  • the interior and exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of both inner and outer glass layers.
  • Opacity is provided by an opaque black PVB layer. Only one dark heat absorbing layer is needed but two are used to simplify bending by using the same substrate for both layers.
  • An anti-reflective coating is applied to the interior glass surface to reduce enhance aesthetics and reduce distracting reflections.
  • Figure 5B shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising two 2.1 mm dark heat absorbing glass layers 2 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 4 of clear PVB and with black paint 6 applied to the number four surface 104.
  • a scratch resistance coating 15 layer is applied to the number one surface 101 of glass layer 201.
  • the interior and exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of both inner and outer glass layers.
  • Opacity is provided by opaque black enamel frit paint printed on the number four surface 104 which is also provided with an anti-reflective inner surface.
  • a scratch resistant coating 15 is applied to the exterior glass surface 101 to enhance durability and protect the surface from roof rack mounted cargo.
  • Figure 5C shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a 2.1 mm clear glass with an infrared reflecting layer 5 applied to the number two surface 102 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 4 of opaque PVB to a 2.1 mm dark heat absorbing glass layer.
  • a scratch resistance coating 15 is applied to the number one surface 101 of glass layer 201.
  • An anti-reflective coating layer 17 is applied to the number four surface 104 of the glass layer 202.
  • FIG. 5D shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising two 2.1 mm clear glass layers 2 laminated with a 0.4 mm layer 4 of clear PVB, an infrared reflecting film layer 3, a 0.4 mm layer 9 of opaque PVB 9.
  • the interior and exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of both inner and outer glass layers.
  • Opacity is provided by an opaque black PVB layer 9.
  • An infrared reflecting film 3 is laminated between a thin clear PVB layer 4 and the opaque PVB layer 9 to improve solar load control.
  • FIG. 6A shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising two 2.1 mm glass layers 2 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 9 of opaque PVB.
  • an additional 1 mm steel layer 8 is laminated to the layer two 202 number four surface 104 with a 0.76 mm layer of clear PVB.
  • a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown.
  • Steel layer is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • the exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of an exterior glass layer 201.
  • a heat absorbing glass 2 is used for the outer layer 201 to improve solar load control.
  • the exterior glass layer 201 is laminated to a second 2.1 mm glass layer 2 using a black PVB layer 9.
  • the two laminated glass layers are further laminated to an additional 1 mm steel layer, using a clear PVB layer 4, with the number four 104 surface of the second glass layer laminated to the steel layer 202.
  • the black PVB serves to obscure the steel layer and to give the roof a black appearance from the exterior.
  • the steel provides for a higher level of structural support which can reduce the need for further reinforcement elsewhere in the vehicle structure. If needed, braces 24 can be attached to the steel 8 surface 202.
  • the steel layer 202 can be provided with fasteners on the inner surface for attaching a headliner.
  • the steel layer can also be extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • Figure 6B shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a single 2.1 mm clear glass 2 layer 201 with an infrared coating layer 5 on the number two surface 102 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 9 of opaque PVB to a sheet of 1 mm steel 8. Further, a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown. Steel layer 8 is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • the exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of an exterior glass layer 201.
  • the exterior glass layer 201 is laminated to a 1mm steel layer using a black PVB layer.
  • the black PVB serves to obscure the steel layer and to give the roof a black appearance from the exterior.
  • the steel provides for a higher level of structural support which can reduce the need for further reinforcement elsewhere in the vehicle structure.
  • braces 24 can be attached to the steel 8 surface 202.
  • the steel layer 202 can be provided with fasteners 10 on the inner surface for attaching a headliner 12.
  • the steel layer 8 can also be extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • Figure 6C shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a single 2.1 mm dark heat absorbing glass 2 layer 201 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 9 of opaque PVB to a layer of 1 mm steel 8. Further, a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown. Steel layer is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • the exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of an exterior glass layer 201.
  • the exterior glass layer 201 is laminated to a 1mm steel layer 202 using a black PVB layer 9.
  • the black PVB 9 serves to obscure the steel layer and to give the roof a black appearance from the exterior.
  • the steel 8 provides for a higher level of structural support than a glass layer would which can reduce the need for further reinforcement elsewhere in the vehicle structure. If needed, braces 24 can be attached to the steel surface 8.
  • the steel layer 202 can be provided with fasteners 10 on the inner surface for attaching the headliner 12.
  • the steel layer 8 can also be extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle. 8.
  • Figure 6D shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a single 1.0 mm chemically strengthened clear glass 2 layer 201 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 9 of opaque PVB to a sheet of 1 mm steel 8. Further, a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown. Steel layer is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • the exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of an exterior glass layer 201.
  • the thin light chemically tempered exterior glass 2 layer 201 is laminated to a 1mm steel layer 202 using a black PVB layer 9.
  • the black PVB 9 serves to obscure the steel layer and to give the roof a black appearance from the exterior.
  • the steel 8 provides for a higher level of structural support that a glass layer would which can reduce the need for further reinforcement elsewhere in the vehicle structure. If needed, braces 24 can be attached to the steel 8 surface 202. In addition, the steel layer 202 can be provided with fasteners 10 on the inner surface for attaching the headliner 12. The steel layer 8 can also be extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • Figure 7A shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a single 2.1 mm dark heat absorbing glass 2 layer 201 with black paint printed on the number two surface 102 laminated with a 0.76 mm layer 4 of clear PVB to a sheet of 1 mm steel 8. Further, a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown. Steel layer is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • the exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of an exterior glass layer 201.
  • the 2.1 mm dark heat absorbing layer exterior glass layer 201 is laminated to a 1mm steel layer 202 using a clear PVB layer 4.
  • Black paint 6 on the number two surface 102 of the glass layer 201 serves to obscure the steel layer and to give the roof a black appearance from the exterior.
  • the steel 8 provides for a higher level of structural support that a glass layer would which can reduce the need for further reinforcement elsewhere in the vehicle structure. If needed, braces 24 can be attached to the surface of steel layer 8 of layer 202.
  • the steel layer 202 can be provided with fasteners 10 on the inner surface for attaching the headliner 12. The steel layer 8 can also be extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • Figure 7B shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a single 1.0 mm chemically strengthened clear glass 2 layer 201 laminated with a 0.4 mm layer 4 of clear PVB, an infrared reflecting film layer 3, a 0.4 mm layer 9 of opaque PVB 9 and the two further laminated to a layer 202 of 1 mm steel 8. Further, a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown. Steel layer is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • the exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of an exterior glass layer 201.
  • a clear, thin, light, 1mm chemically strengthened glass exterior glass layer 201 is laminated to a steel 8 layer 202.
  • An infrared reflecting film is laminated using a clear 0.4 mm PVB layer 4 between the film and the glass and an opaque 0.4 mm PVB layer 6 between the film 3 and the steel 8. The film serves to improve solar load control.
  • the opaque black PVB layer 6 give the roof a black appearance from the exterior.
  • Figure 7C shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a single 1.0 mm chemically strengthened clear glass 2 layer 201 laminated with a 0.76 mm opaque PVB 9 and further laminating layers 201 and 202 to a layer of 1 mm steel 8. Further, a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown. The steel layer 2 is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle. In this embodiment, the exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of an exterior glass layer 201.
  • a clear, thin, light, 1mm chemically strengthened glass exterior glass layer 201 is laminated to a steel 8 layer 202 using an opaque 0.76 mm PVB layer 4 between the glass 2 and the steel 8 layers.
  • FIG. 12 shows a cross section of a panoramic roof comprising a single 1.0 mm chemically strengthened clear glass 2 layer 201 laminated with a 0.76 mm opaque PVB 9 and further laminating layers 201 and 202 to a layer of 1 mm steel 8. Further, a fastener 10 and the headliner 12 are shown. The steel layer 2 is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.
  • the interior and exterior appearance of a laminated panoramic roof is preserved through the use of both inner and outer glass layers.
  • Two thin, light, clear, 1 mm chemically tempered glass layers are laminated to either side of a steel layer using black opaque 9 0.76 mm PVB.
  • the steel layer 2 is extended beyond the edge of glass to facilitate installation in the vehicle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Les toits panoramiques en verre feuilleté constituent une option populaire bien que coûteuse offerte sur un nombre croissant d'automobiles. Une grande partie de leur attrait provient de l'aspect moderne élégant qu'ils donnent à un véhicule. Un toit de véhicule stratifié opaque, par élimination des exigences optiques et de vision, peut être produit à un coût inférieur. Le toit stratifié opaque, en conservant une surface extérieure en verre, maintient le même aspect extérieur, l'esthétique et la plus grande part de l'attrait d'un toit panoramique en verre feuilleté classique. Le toit de véhicule stratifié opaque permet également l'utilisation de matériaux alternatifs qui peuvent en outre réduire le coût et le poids tout en ajoutant des caractéristiques supplémentaires telles qu'un matériel d'installation, des éléments de fixation, un éclairage, des antennes et des cellules solaires au toit.
PCT/IB2018/052152 2017-03-30 2018-03-28 Toit de véhicule stratifié opaque à apparence vitrée panoramique WO2018178905A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201880022346.8A CN110753618A (zh) 2017-03-30 2018-03-28 具有全景玻璃外观的不透明夹层玻璃车顶
DE112018001647.1T DE112018001647T5 (de) 2017-03-30 2018-03-28 Opakes laminiertes fahrzeugdach mit panoramaverglaster erscheinung
US16/499,699 US11618507B2 (en) 2017-03-30 2018-03-28 Opaque laminated vehicle roof with panoramic glazed appearance

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762479288P 2017-03-30 2017-03-30
US62/479,288 2017-03-30
CONC2017/0007443A CO2017007443A1 (es) 2017-03-30 2017-07-27 Techo laminado opaco para vehículo con apariencia de panoramico barnizado
CONC2017/0007443 2017-07-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018178905A1 true WO2018178905A1 (fr) 2018-10-04

Family

ID=63677228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2018/052152 WO2018178905A1 (fr) 2017-03-30 2018-03-28 Toit de véhicule stratifié opaque à apparence vitrée panoramique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018178905A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019008471A1 (fr) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 Agp America S.A. Toit panoramique stratifié à esthétique améliorée
WO2019074900A1 (fr) * 2017-10-10 2019-04-18 Carlex Glass America, Llc Revêtement fonctionnel antireflet amélioré pour vitrages
US11422294B2 (en) 2017-10-10 2022-08-23 Central Glass Company, Limited Durable functional coatings

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005007592A2 (fr) * 2003-07-11 2005-01-27 Pilkington Plc Vitrage solaire
JP2008037403A (ja) * 2006-08-10 2008-02-21 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd 反射膜を有するルーフ構造体
EP1986848A1 (fr) * 2006-02-14 2008-11-05 Pilkington Automotive Limited Vitrage
US20150129325A1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Solar battery mounting structure for vehicle
EP3034297A1 (fr) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-22 AGC Glass Europe Vitrage feuilleté
DE102014226529A1 (de) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft CFK-verstärktes teiltransparentes Flachbauteil, sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005007592A2 (fr) * 2003-07-11 2005-01-27 Pilkington Plc Vitrage solaire
EP1986848A1 (fr) * 2006-02-14 2008-11-05 Pilkington Automotive Limited Vitrage
JP2008037403A (ja) * 2006-08-10 2008-02-21 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd 反射膜を有するルーフ構造体
US20150129325A1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Solar battery mounting structure for vehicle
EP3034297A1 (fr) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-22 AGC Glass Europe Vitrage feuilleté
DE102014226529A1 (de) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft CFK-verstärktes teiltransparentes Flachbauteil, sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019008471A1 (fr) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 Agp America S.A. Toit panoramique stratifié à esthétique améliorée
WO2019074900A1 (fr) * 2017-10-10 2019-04-18 Carlex Glass America, Llc Revêtement fonctionnel antireflet amélioré pour vitrages
US11422294B2 (en) 2017-10-10 2022-08-23 Central Glass Company, Limited Durable functional coatings

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111372773B (zh) 具有高强度和优异光学质量且带薄嵌体遮蔽物的夹层玻璃
EP3166799B1 (fr) Appliqué en verre formé à froid
JP2005029083A (ja) 自動車用窓ガラス
US20210078301A1 (en) Laminated glazing having a functional layer with improved low temperature response
WO2018178905A1 (fr) Toit de véhicule stratifié opaque à apparence vitrée panoramique
CN110831764A (zh) 层压嵌件遮光带玻璃
EP4054845B1 (fr) Stratifié présentant un revêtement à faible émissivité sur du verre mince renforcé chimiquement et procédé de fabrication
CN103171224A (zh) 车辆用内饰材料
US11421852B2 (en) Illuminated laminate with superior aesthetics and brightness
US20230302772A1 (en) Automotive laminate with weight reduction and mechanical strength enhancement
US11618507B2 (en) Opaque laminated vehicle roof with panoramic glazed appearance
WO2019008471A1 (fr) Toit panoramique stratifié à esthétique améliorée
US11034136B2 (en) Intrusion resistant laminated automotive glazing
US20080081148A1 (en) Panel having a frame bonded thereto
US11648751B2 (en) Side laminated automotive glazing
WO2022268773A1 (fr) Vitrage émaillé
CN113840727A (zh) 具有防晒涂层的交通工具装配玻璃
CN114258345A (zh) 制造具有不透明覆盖涂层和透明涂层的弯曲的经涂覆的运载工具玻璃板的方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18737971

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18737971

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1